०३२

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘प्र सु ग्मन्ता ’ इति नवर्चं तृतीयं सूक्तम् । आदितः पञ्च जगत्यः । अथ चतस्रस्त्रिष्टुभः । पूर्घवदृषिदेवते । तथा चानुक्रान्तं - ‘ प्र सु ग्मन्ता नव पञ्चाद्या जगत्यः’ इति । गतो विनियोगः ॥

Jamison Brereton

32 (858)
Indra
Kavaṣa Ailūṣa
9 verses: jagatī 1–5, triṣṭubh 6–9
Although the Anukramaṇī assigns this hymn to Indra, in fact the hymn falls into two separate parts, defined by both meter and content. The first five verses in jagatī are indeed Indra’s, but the last four verses (6–9) in triṣṭubh are more appropriate to Agni. However, these two parts fit together into a larger thematic whole. The verses dedicated to Indra follow to some degree a conventional “journey” hymn trajectory: Indra’s pair of horses bring him to the sacrifice in verse 1, with the journey further described in verse 2. Verse 4 appears to concern the focal point of the sacrifice, the sacrificial ground or, more precisely, the fire altar, to which all the sacrificial participants and substances make their way. A two-way journey is fore
seen in verse 5, with Soma (if this identification is correct) on his way to the gods, and Indra and companion gods on the way to the sacrifice.
Several features disturb this simplistic sketch of the hymn. First, the journey is also conceived of as a wedding journey; in addition to verse 3 (to be discussed) see especially the “wooers” in verse 1 and the bridal procession in verse 4. Moreover, the middle verse of this portion of the hymn, verse 3, has a pronounced omphalos char
acter. It announces itself as a wonder, and then produces three striking paradoxes: the son who knows his parents’ birth (pāda b), the wife who conveys her husband on the bridal journey (pāda c), and the same role reversal seen from the husband’s point of view, a bridal procession made for the man (pāda d). It is difficult to know exactly what to make of this, but it appears that Indra’s journey to the sacrifice is being imagined as the wedding journey of a bride. The hyper-virile Indra is in some sense filling the pas
sive role of bride—a fine conceit, though one that the poet does not over-emphasize. The focus on the “seat” in verse 4, quite possibly the hearth, as well as the first paradox of verse 3, the son who knows his parents’ birth, a typical Agni trope, turn our attention to that god in the second part of the hymn. The installation and kin dling of the ritual fire are the subject, and the mythic model is the well-known tale of Agni’s flight, concealment in the waters, and recovery (vs. 6ab). The narrator owes his knowledge of this to Indra (6cd); in verse 7 he makes a general statement about the value of instruction for the uninitiated. This short sequence is reminiscent of nearby X.28, in which Indra acts as the instructor of the callow. Verse 8 returns to Agni and describes the kindling of a dormant fire. The enigmatic verse 9 presents itself as a sort of reverse dānastuti, though with the identity of the speakers being somewhat unclear.

01 प्र सु - जगती

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प्र᳓ सु᳓ ग्म᳓न्ता धियसान᳓स्य सक्ष᳓णि
वरे᳓भिर् वराँ᳓ अभि᳓ षु᳓ प्रसी᳓दतः
अस्मा᳓कम् इ᳓न्द्र उभ᳓यं जुजोषति
य᳓त् सोमिय᳓स्य अ᳓न्धसो बु᳓बोधति

02 वीन्द्र यासि - जगती

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वि᳓ इन्द्र यासि दिविया᳓नि रोचना᳓
वि᳓ पा᳓र्थिवानि र᳓जसा पुरुष्टुत
ये᳓ त्वा व᳓हन्ति मु᳓हुर् अध्वराँ᳓ उ᳓प
ते᳓ सु᳓ वन्वन्तु वग्वनाँ᳓ अराध᳓सः

03 तदिन्मे छन्त्सद्वपुषो - जगती

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त᳓द् इ᳓न् मे छन्त्सद् व᳓पुषो व᳓पुष्टरम्
पुत्रो᳓ य᳓ज् जा᳓नम् पितरो᳓र्+ अधी᳓यति
जाया᳓ प᳓तिं वहति वग्नु᳓ना सुम᳓त्
पुंस᳓ इ᳓द् भद्रो᳓ वहतुः᳓ प᳓रिष्कृतः

04 तदित्सधस्थमभि चारु - जगती

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त᳓द् इ᳓त् सध᳓स्थम् अभि᳓ चा᳓रु दीधय
गा᳓वो य᳓च् छा᳓सन् वहतुं᳓ न᳓ धेन᳓वः
माता᳓ य᳓न् म᳓न्तुर् यूथ᳓स्य पूर्विया᳓
अभि᳓ वाण᳓स्य सप्त᳓धातुर् इ᳓ज् ज᳓नः

05 प्र वोऽच्छा - जगती

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प्र᳓ वो अ᳓छा रिरिचे देवयु᳓ष् पद᳓म्
ए᳓को रुद्रे᳓भिर् याति तुर्व᳓णिः
जरा᳓ वा ये᳓षु अमृ᳓तेषु दाव᳓ने
प᳓रि व ऊ᳓मेभियः सिञ्चता म᳓धु

06 निधीयमानमपगूळ्हमप्सु प्र - त्रिष्टुप्

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निधीय᳓मानम् अ᳓पगूळ्हम् अप्सु᳓
प्र᳓ मे देवा᳓नां व्रतपा᳓ उवाच
इ᳓न्द्रो विद्वाँ᳓ अ᳓नु हि᳓ त्वा चच᳓क्ष
ते᳓नाह᳓म् अग्ने अ᳓नुशिष्ट आ᳓गाम्

07 अक्षेत्रवित्क्षेत्रविदं ह्यप्राथ् - त्रिष्टुप्

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अ᳓क्षेत्रवित् क्षेत्रवि᳓दं हि᳓ अ᳓प्राट्
स᳓ प्र᳓ एति क्षेत्रवि᳓दा᳓नुशिष्टः
एत᳓द् वइ᳓ भद्र᳓म् अनुशा᳓सनस्य
उत᳓ स्रुतिं᳓ विन्दति अञ्जसी᳓नाम्

08 अद्येदु प्राणीदममन्निमाहापीवृतो - त्रिष्टुप्

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अद्ये᳓द् उ प्रा᳓णीद् अ᳓ममन्न् इमा᳓हा
अ᳓पीवृतो अधयन् मातु᳓र् ऊ᳓धः
ए᳓म् एनम् आप जरिमा᳓ यु᳓वानम्
अ᳓हेळन् व᳓सुः सुम᳓ना बभूव

09 एतानि भद्रा - त्रिष्टुप्

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एता᳓नि भद्रा᳓ कलश क्रियाम
कु᳓रुश्रवण द᳓दतो मघा᳓नि
दान᳓ इ᳓द् वो मघवानः सो᳓ अस्तु
अयं᳓ च सो᳓मो हृदि᳓ य᳓म् बि᳓भर्मि