०९३

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नोधाः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

साकमु꣡क्षो मर्जयन्त स्व꣡सारो
द꣡श धी꣡रस्य धीत꣡यो ध꣡नुत्रीः
ह꣡रिः प꣡र्य् अद्रवज् जाः꣡ सू꣡रियस्य
द्रो꣡णं ननक्षे अ꣡तियो न꣡ वाजी꣡

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
marjayanta ← √mr̥j- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sākamúkṣaḥ ← sākamúkṣ- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

svásāraḥ ← svásar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

dáśa ← dáśa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

dhánutrīḥ ← dhánutar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

dhī́rasya ← dhī́ra- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

dhītáyaḥ ← dhītí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

adravat ← √dru- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

háriḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

jā́ḥ ← jā́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

pári ← pári (invariable)
{}

sū́ryasya ← sū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

átyaḥ ← átya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

dróṇam ← dróṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)
{}

nanakṣe ← √nakṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

vājī́ ← vājín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

सा॒क॒म्ऽउक्षः॑ । म॒र्ज॒य॒न्त॒ । स्वसा॑रः । दश॑ । धीर॑स्य । धी॒तयः॑ । धनु॑त्रीः ।
हरिः॑ । परि॑ । अ॒द्र॒व॒त् । जाः । सूर्य॑स्य । द्रोण॑म् । न॒न॒क्षे॒ । अत्यः॑ । न । वा॒जी ॥

• sākamukṣo ← sākamukṣaḥ ← sākamukṣ
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine

• marjayanta ← marjay ← √mṛj
• [verb], plural, Present injunctive

• svasāro ← svasāraḥ ← svasṛ
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “sister; svasṛ [word].”

• daśa ← daśan
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “ten; tenth; daśan [word].”

• dhīrasya ← dhīra
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “expert; wise; intelligent; versed; adept.”

• dhītayo ← dhītayaḥ ← dhīti
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “thinking; prayer; understanding.”

• dhanutrīḥ ← dhanutṛ
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine

• hariḥ ← hari
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “reddish brown; yellow; pale; yellow; aureate.”

• pary ← pari
• [adverb]
• “from; about; around.”

• adravaj ← adravat ← dru
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “liquefy; melt; melt; flee; run; run; vanish; run; rush; dissolve; dissolve.”

• jāḥ ← jā
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “child; jā; being.”

• sūryasya ← sūrya
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

• droṇaṃ ← droṇam ← droṇa
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Droṇa; Droṇa; Droṇa; droṇa [word]; raven.”

• nanakṣe ← nakṣ
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “reach; approach.”

• atyo ← atyaḥ ← atya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “horse; steed.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• vājī ← vājin
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “victorious; triumphant; strong; gainful.”

साकमुक्षः सह युगपत् सिञ्चन्त्यः । उक्ष सेचने’। क्विपि रूपम् । तादृश्यः स्वसारः कर्मकरणार्थमितस्ततः सुष्ठु गच्छन्त्योऽङ्गुल्यः मर्जयन्त सोमं शोधयन्ति। ‘ मृजू शौचालंकारयोः’ । तथा दश दशसंख्याकाः धीतयः । अङ्गुलिनामैतत् । अङ्गुलयः धीरस्य समर्थस्य प्राज्ञस्य वा देवैर्ध्यातव्यस्य काम्यमानस्य वा सोमस्य धनुत्रीः प्रेरयित्र्यो भवन्ति । ततः हरिः हरितवर्णः सोमः सूर्यस्य जाः प्रादुर्भूता जाया दिशस्ताः पर्यद्रवत् परितो गच्छति । सूर्यतेजसा ह्याविर्भवतीति दिशां तस्य जात्वम् । अत्यः अतनशीलः वाजी न अश्व इव स्थितः सोमः द्रोणं कलशं ननक्षे व्याप्नोति । नक्षतिर्व्याप्तिकर्मा ॥

English translation:

“The sister (fingers) sprinkling together cleanse (the Soma), the ten fingers (are) the efffuse of the sagacious (Soma); the green-tinted one flows round the wives of the sun, he hastens like a swift horse to the pitcher.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The wives of the sun: jaḥ = jayaḥ; the quarters of the horizon are called the sun’s wives because they are made manifest by the light of the sun

The ten sisters, grown strong all together, the insightful thoughts of the insightful one, the runners, groomed (him).
The tawny offspring of the sun dashed around (the filter). He reached the wooden cup like a prizewinning steed.

Notice the alliteration in b: dáśa dhī́rasya dhītáyo dhánutrīḥ.

The stem dhánutar- occurs 3x in the RV, twice as a fem. pl. dhánutrīḥ (here and III.31.16), once as a masc. du. dhánutarau (IV.35.5). Although it is not strictly relevant to our occurrence here, the surprising short suffixal vowel in that strong form requires comment. The form occurs after an early caesura, thus producing a break of three light syllables. Such a break is by no means uncommon (see Arnold, p.

188), but a reading *dhánutārau would produce Arnold’s “normal” break (light light heavy). Oldenberg (Noten ad loc.) tentatively suggests that if the form is corrupt, it was altered because it was perceived as a comparative in -tara- or a cmpd with -tara- ‘crossing, overcoming’. Oldenberg’s suggestion is tentatively accepted by Wackernagel (AiG III.199), Gotō (1st cl., 179 n. 311). The misparsing of the form would of course be aided by the fact that it is built not to the root, like most agent nouns, but to an enlarged pres. stem *dhan-u-/-va-, which has spawned a secondary root √dhanv. See, e.g., EWA s.v. DHANI , Goto 178-80 with nn. By contrast, Tichy (-tar-stems, 58-59) adduces nearby IV.38.4 sánutaraḥ, which is not originally a -tar-stem, but which, like dhánutarau, modifies a horse. She suggests that since beside the comparative sánutara- (whatever its source: see my comm. ad loc.) there exists an (independent) fem. agent noun sánutrī- (I.123.2, X.7.4), dhánutarau was backformed to the parallel fem. agent dhánutrī-. The suggested string of causation here seems stretched too thin.

As for our fem. pl. form, both Geldner and Renou take dhánutrīḥ here as effectively transitive, with objective genitive dhī́rasya: “die den Weisen ablaufen lassen”; “animatrices du (soma) habile.” But neither of the other occurrences of this stem have such a sense; they simply mean ‘running’; Gotō (179 and n. 313) concurs with the intrans. reading I see here. The fact that an intrans. form of the pf. to √dhanv, dadhanve, is found in the next vs. (2b) supports this interpr. Another (weak) support is the case of the supposed obj., since root-accented tar-stems ordinarily take acc. However, there are enough counterexamples that this is not a clinching argument.

Geldner takes dáśa with dhītáyaḥ “die zehn Gebete,” but, despite the pādaboundary, I think it goes with the sisters=fingers in pāda a, as usual. It has been drawn into b because of the alliteration.

Contra Oldenberg, Geldner, Renou, and Schindler (Rt. Nouns), I analyze jā́ḥ as a nom. sg.

(with Grassmann), not an acc. pl. (Geldner allows for the nom. sg. alternative in n. 1c). In their interpretations, “the children of the sun” refers to the insightful thoughts of b. But this is a distinctly odd way to refer to thoughts, and no convincing parallels are given. Geldner’s interpr. of the phrase “daughter of the sun” as a reference to hymns I have discussed (and dismissed) ad IX.1.6 and esp. IX.72.3. Moreover, pāda c describes Soma as dashing around these children, but in IX pári + VERB OF MOTION normally, perhaps exclusively, refers to Soma’s journey around the filter. I do not know what it would mean for him to “dash around” thoughts, much less “children of the sun.” As a nom. sg., jā́ḥ in the phrase “offspring of the sun” makes perfect sense as a description of Soma; Soma’s similarity to and often identification with the sun is well attested, and the use of kinship terms to model such similiarity/identification is also well known. If, nonetheless, we want to interpr. jā́ḥ as an acc. pl., I would take it as a reference to the milk; cf. comm. ad IX.72.3, where I explain “daughter of the sun” there as referring to the milk because of their shared gleaming color.

TEN sisters, pouring out the rain together, swift-moving thinkers of the sage, adorn him.
Hither hath run the gold-hued Child of Surya and reached the vat like a fleet vigorous courser.

Die zusammen aufgewachsenen Schwestern putzen ihn, die zehn Gebete, die den Weisen ablaufen lassen. Der Falbe überholte der Sonne Kinder; er ist in die Kufe gelangt wie ein siegreicher Renner ans Ziel.

Ihn streicheln zehn zugleich erwachsne Schwestern und auch des Sehers strömende Gesänge, Das Goldross lief hindurch, das Kind der Sonne, und drang zur Kufe wie ein schneller Renner.

Десять выросших вместе сестер начищают (сому),
(А также) молитвы, помогающие мудрому стекать.
Буланый обогнал детей солнца.
Он достиг кадки, как скакун, завоевывающий награду.

• पवमानः सोमः
• नोधाः
• विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अत्यो वाजी) बलवाले विद्युदादि पदार्थ (न) जैसे (ननक्षे) व्यापक हो जाते हैं, इसी प्रकार (सूर्य्यस्य, द्रोणं) सूर्य्यमण्डल का जो प्रभाकलश है तथा (जाः) उसकी जो दिशा उपदिशायें हैं, उनमें (हरिः) हरणशील परमात्मा (पर्य्यद्रवत्) सर्वत्र परिपूर्ण है। उस पूर्ण परमात्मा को (साकमुक्षः) एक समय में (मर्जयन्त) विषय करती हुई (स्वसारः) स्वयं सरणशील (दश धीः) १० प्रकार की इन्द्रियवृत्तियें (धीतयः) जो ध्यान द्वारा परमात्मा को विषय करनेवाली हैं और (धनुत्रीः) और मन की प्रेरक हैं, वे परमात्मा के स्वरूप को विषय करती हैं॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - योगी पुरुष जब अपने मन का निरोध करता है, तो उसकी इन्द्रियरूप वृत्तियें परमात्मा का साक्षात्कार करती हैं ॥१॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अत्यः, वाजी) विद्युदादयो महाबलाः पदार्थाः (न) यथा (ननक्षे) व्याप्नुवन्ति तथैव (सूर्यस्य, द्रोणं) सूर्यमण्डलस्य यः प्रभावकलशोऽस्ति तथा (जाः) तदीया या दिश उपदिशश्च सन्ति तासु (हरिः) हरणशीलः परमात्मा (परि, अद्रवत्) सर्वत्र परिपूरितः तं पूर्णपरमात्मानं (साकमुक्षः) युगपत् (मर्जयन्त) विषयं कुर्वत्यः (स्वसारः) स्वयं सरणशीलाः (दश, धीः) दशधा इन्द्रियवृत्तयः (धीतयः) या ध्यानेन परमात्मानं विषयीकुर्वन्ति तथा (धनुत्रीः) मनःप्रेरिकाश्च सन्ति, ता एव परमात्मस्वरूपं विषयीकुर्वन्ति॥१॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नोधाः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

स꣡म् मातृ꣡भिर् न꣡ शि꣡शुर् वावशानो꣡
वृ꣡षा दधन्वे पुरुवा꣡रो अद्भिः꣡
म꣡र्यो न꣡ यो꣡षाम् अभि꣡ निष्कृतं꣡ य꣡न्
सं꣡ गछते कल꣡श उस्रि꣡याभिः

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
mātŕ̥bhiḥ ← mātár- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

ná ← ná (invariable)
{}

sám ← sám (invariable)
{}

śíśuḥ ← śíśu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vāvaśānáḥ ← √vaś- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

adbhíḥ ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

dadhanve ← √dhanv- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

puruvā́raḥ ← puruvā́ra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)
{}

máryaḥ ← márya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)
{}

niṣkr̥tám ← niṣkr̥tá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

yán ← √i- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

yóṣām ← yóṣā- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

gachate ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

kaláśe ← kaláśa- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

sám ← sám (invariable)
{}

usríyābhiḥ ← usríya- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

सम् । मा॒तृऽभिः॑ । न । शिशुः॑ । वा॒व॒शा॒नः । वृषा॑ । द॒ध॒न्वे॒ । पु॒रु॒ऽवारः॑ । अ॒त्ऽभिः ।
मर्यः॑ । न । योषा॑म् । अ॒भि । निः॒ऽकृ॒तम् । यन् । सम् । ग॒च्छ॒ते॒ । क॒लशे॑ । उ॒स्रिया॑भिः ॥

• sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• mātṛbhir ← mātṛbhiḥ ← mātṛ
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• śiśur ← śiśuḥ ← śiśu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “child; young; baby; śiśu [word]; Śiśu; male child; fetus.”

• vāvaśāno ← vāvaśānaḥ ← vāś
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “bellow; howl; sing; moo; shout.”

• vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

• dadhanve ← dhanv
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “run.”

• puruvāro ← puru
• [noun]
• “many; much(a); very.”

• puruvāro ← vāraḥ ← vāra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “treasure; choice.”

• adbhiḥ ← ap
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• maryo ← maryaḥ ← marya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “young buck; boyfriend.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• yoṣām ← yoṣā
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “woman; puppet; daughter.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• niṣkṛtaṃ ← niṣkṛtam ← niṣkṛta
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “place; rendezvous.”

• yan ← i
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

• saṃ ← sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• gacchate ← gam
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

• kalaśa ← kalaśe ← kalaśa
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “jar.”

• usriyābhiḥ ← usriyā
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “cow; dairy product.”

वावशानः देवान् कामयमानः वृषा कामानां वर्षकोऽत एव पुरुवारः बहुभिर्वरणीयः सोमः अद्भिः मातृभूताभिर्वसतीवरीभिः सं दधन्वे संधार्यते । तत्र दृष्टान्तः । मातृभिर्न शिशुः । कामयमानः पुत्री यथा मातृभिः पयःप्रदानेन संधार्यते । धविर्गत्यर्थः । कर्मणि लिटि रूपम् । मर्यो न मनुष्यो यथा योषां युवतिमभिगच्छति तद्वत् निष्कृतं संस्कृतं स्वस्थानम् अभि यन् अभिगच्छन् कलशे द्रोणाभिधाने उस्रियाभिः अद्भिर्गोविकारैः क्षीरादिभिर्वा सं गच्छते । गमेरकर्मकात् ’ समो गम्यृच्छि’ इत्यात्मनेपदम् ॥

English translation:

“Longing (for the deities) the showerer (of benefits) the desired of many (the Soma) is sustained by the (consecrated) waters as the infant by its mother; going to his station like a bridegroom to his bride, hecombines in the pitcher with the curds and milk.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

As the infant by its mother: the infant longs for its mother and is sustained by her milk;

Sandadhanve = has flowed with

Like a calf bellowing along with the mothers, the bull of many favors [/tail hairs] has run together with the waters.
Like a young blood going to a maiden at the trysting place, he comes together with the ruddy (cows) in the tub.

In d sám √gam is of course a euphemism of sex, a theme already broached in c.

Even as a youngling crying to his mothers, the bounteous Steer hath flowed along to waters.
As youth to damsel, so with milk he hastens on to the. chose meeting-place, the beaker.

Wie ein Junges mit den Mutterkühen brüllend hat sich der Bulle, der Vielbegehrte, mit den Gewässern vereinigt. Wie ein junger Mann, der zur Frau zum Stelldichein geht, kommt er im Kruge mit den Kühen zusammen.

Gleich wie ein schreiend Kind zu seinen Müttern, so läuft zur Flut der Hengst mit busch’gem Schweife, Wie zu der Braut der Bräut’gam in die Kammer so geht er zu den Kühen in die Kufe.

Словно сосунок, громко мычащий вместе со (своими) матерями,
Бык, богатый желанными дарами, помчался месте с водами.
Как молодой мужчина, идущий на свидание с юной женщиной,
Он сходится с коровами в кувшине.

• पवमानः सोमः
• नोधाः
• त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वृषा) कर्मयोगी जो (पुरुवारः) बहुत लोगों को वरणीय है, वह (अद्भिः) सत्कर्मों द्वारा (दधन्वे) धारण किया जाता है। जो कर्म्मयोगी (वावशानः) परमात्मा की कामनावाला है और (मातृभिः) अपनी इन्द्रियवृत्तियों से (शिशुः) सूक्ष्म करनेवाले के (न) समान (संदधन्वे) धारण करता है, (न) जिस प्रकार (योषां) स्त्री को (मर्य्यः) मनुष्य धारण करता है, इस प्रकार (उस्रियाभिः) ज्ञान की शक्तियों के द्वारा कर्म्मयोगी परमात्मा की विभूतियों को धारण करता है और जो परमात्मा (निष्कृतं) ज्ञान का विषय हुआ (कलशे) उस कर्म्मयोगी के अन्तःकरण में (संगच्छते) प्राप्त होता है॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जिस प्रकार ऐश्वर्य्यप्रद प्रकृतिरूपी विभूति को उद्योगी पुरुष धारण करता है, इसी प्रकार प्रकृति की नानाशक्तिरूप विभूति को कर्मयोगी पुरुष धारण करता है ॥२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वृषा) कर्मयोगी यः (पुरुवारः) अनेकजनैः वरणीयः सः (अद्भिः) सत्कर्मभिः (दधन्वे) धार्यते। यः कर्मयोगी (वावशानः) परमात्मविषयककामनावान् तथा (मातृभिः) स्वेन्द्रियवृत्तिभिः (शिशुः, न) सूक्ष्मकर्तेव (सं, दधन्वे) धारयति (न) यथा (योषां) स्त्रियं (मर्यः) मनुष्यः धारयति तथैव (उस्रियाभिः) ज्ञानशक्तिद्वारा कर्मयोगी परमात्मविभूतीर्धारयति। तथा यः परमात्मा (निष्कृतं) ज्ञानविषयो भवन् (कलशे) तस्य कर्मयोगिनोऽन्तःकरणे सङ्गच्छते प्राप्नोति॥२॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नोधाः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

उत꣡ प्र꣡ पिप्य ऊ꣡धर् अ꣡घ्नियाया
इ꣡न्दुर् धा꣡राभिः सचते सुमेधाः꣡
मूर्धा꣡नं गा꣡वः प꣡यसा चमू꣡षु
अभि꣡ श्रीणन्ति व꣡सुभिर् न꣡ निक्तइः꣡

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
ághnyāyāḥ ← ághnya- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:F, number:SG}

pipye ← √pī- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

prá ← prá (invariable)
{}

ū́dhar ← ū́dhar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

utá ← utá (invariable)
{}

dhā́rābhiḥ ← dhā́rā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

índuḥ ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sacate ← √sac- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sumedhā́ḥ ← sumedhás- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

camū́ṣu ← camū́- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

gā́vaḥ ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

mūrdhā́nam ← mūrdhán- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

páyasā ← páyas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)
{}

ná ← ná (invariable)
{}

niktaíḥ ← √nij- (root)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL, voice:PASS}

śrīṇanti ← √śrī- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vásubhiḥ ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:PL}

उ॒त । प्र । पि॒प्ये॒ । ऊधः॑ । अघ्न्या॑याः । इन्दुः॑ । धारा॑भिः । स॒च॒ते॒ । सु॒ऽमे॒धाः ।
मू॒र्धान॑म्् । गावः॑ । पय॑सा । च॒मूषु॑ । अ॒भि । श्री॒ण॒न्ति॒ । वसु॑ऽभिः । न । नि॒क्तैः ॥

• uta
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• pipya ← pipye ← pyā
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “swell; abound; swell.”

• ūdhar ← ūdhas
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “udder; ūdhas [word]; night.”

• aghnyāyā ← aghnyāyāḥ ← aghnyā
• [noun], genitive, singular, feminine
• “cow.”

• indur ← induḥ ← indu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• dhārābhiḥ ← dhārā
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

• sacate ← sac
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “accompany; follow; company; obey; participate; enter.”

• sumedhāḥ ← sumedhas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “wise.”

• mūrdhānaṃ ← mūrdhānam ← mūrdhan
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “head; battlefront; peak; top; mūrdhan [word]; leader; top.”

• gāvaḥ ← go
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

• payasā ← payas
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”

• camūṣv ← camūṣu ← camū
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “army; camū; Camū.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• śrīṇanti ← śrī
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “cook; boil; heat; cook; mix.”

• vasubhir ← vasubhiḥ ← vasu
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
• “good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• niktaiḥ ← nij
• [verb noun], instrumental, plural

उत अपि च अघ्न्यायाः । अघ्न्येति गोनाम । अहन्तव्याया गोः ऊधः पयःस्थानं सोमः प्र पिप्ये । ओषध्यादिषु सोमः प्रविश्य प्रकर्षेणाप्याययति । प्यायतेर्लिटि लिड्यङोश्च ’ इति पीभावः । सुमेधाः शोभनप्रज्ञः सोऽयम् इन्दुः सोमः धाराभिः सचते समवैति संगच्छते । ततः गावः चमूषु । चमन्ति भक्षयन्यत्र सोममिति चम्वो ग्रहादयः । तेषु स्थितं मूर्धानं समुच्छ्रितमिमं सोमं पयसा श्वेतेन अभि श्रीणन्ति अभित आच्छादयन्ति । तत्र दृष्टान्तः । निक्तैः प्रक्षालितैः वसुभिर्न वस्त्रैर्यथाच्छादयन्ति तद्वत् ॥

English translation:

“And he nourishes the cow’s udder; the intelligent Indu is associated with his stream; the cows clothe the elevated Soma in the ladles with their milk as with newly washed robes.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Nourish the cow’s udder: the Soma entering the herbs, etc., nourishes the cow who eats them

And the udder of the inviolable cow has swelled forth; the drop of good wisdom is accompanied by streams.
The cows prepare his head with their milk in the cups, as if with freshly washed goods.

The tr. “prepare” for abhí śrīṇanti in b does not harmonize well with the simile vásubhir ná niktaíḥ “as if with freshly washed goods.” Nor does the interpr.

put forth by Narten (“Ved. śrīṇā́ti …,” KZ 100 [1987] = KlSch 340ff., at 349), “vollkommen machen” (complete, perfect). The developed sense of the root noun śrī́- ‘excellence, splendour, beauty’ and esp. the rt. noun cmpd abhiśrī́- ‘excelling in splendour’ (etc.) seems to have affected the meaning of the verb, and I would now tr.

something like “they beautify his head …,” which is not far from ‘bring to perfection’.

Yea, swollen is the udder of the milch-cow: thither in streams goes very sapient Indu.
The kine make ready, as with new-washed treasures, the Head and Chief with milk within the vessels.

Und das Euter der Kuh ist angeschwollen, der weisheitsreiche Saft hat Ströme im Gefolge. Die Kühe mischen und bedecken mit ihrer Milch sein Haupt in den Camugefäßen wie mit frisch gewaschenen guten Sachen.

Geschwollen ist das Euter schon der Milchkuh, der weise Indu geht mit ihr in Strömen; Sein Haupt bedecken Kühe in den Bechern mit warmer Milch wie mit gewaschnen Kleidern.

А также набухло вымя коровы:
Очень мудрый сок сомы сопровождается потоками.
Коровы украшают молоком (его) голову
В чанах, словно (свежее)вымытыми хорошими (покрывалами).

• पवमानः सोमः
• नोधाः
• विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सुमेधाः) सर्वोपरि विज्ञानवाला (इन्दुः) प्रकाशस्वरूप परमात्मा (धाराभिः) अपनी अनन्तशक्तियों के ऐश्वर्य्य से (सचते) सर्वत्र संगत होता है (उत) और (अध्न्याया ऊधः) गौवों के दुग्धाधार स्तनमण्डल को (प्र पिप्ये) अत्यन्त वृद्धियुक्त करता है और (गावश्चमूषु) गौवों की सेना में (पयसा) दुग्ध से (अभिश्रीणन्ति) संयुक्त करता है और (निक्तैर्वसुभिर्न) शुभ्रधनों के समान (मूर्धानं) उस परमात्मा के मुख्यस्थानीय ऐश्वर्य्य को हम लोग प्राप्त हों॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में इस बात की प्रार्थना है कि परमात्मा गौ, अश्वादि उत्तम धनों को हमको प्रदान करे ॥३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सुमेधाः) सर्वोपरि विज्ञानवान् (इन्दुः) प्रकाशस्वरूपपरमात्मा (धाराभिः) स्वानन्तशक्तीनामैश्वर्येण (सचते) सर्वत्र सङ्गच्छते (उत) तथा (अघ्न्यायाः, ऊधः) गवां दुग्धाधारं स्तनमण्डलं (प्र, पिप्ये) नितान्तं वर्धयति तथा (गावः, चमूषु) गवां सङ्घेषु (पयसा) दुग्धेन (अभि, श्रीणन्ति) परिपूरणं करोति, तथा (निक्तैः, वसुभिः, न) शुभ्रधनानीव (मूर्धानं) तस्य परमात्मनः मुख्यस्थानीयैश्वर्यं वयं प्राप्नुवाम॥३॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नोधाः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

स꣡ नो देवे꣡भिः पवमान रद
इ꣡न्दो रयि꣡म् अश्वि꣡नं वावशानः꣡
रथिराय꣡ताम् उशती꣡ पु꣡रंधिर्
अस्मद्रि꣡अग् आ꣡ दाव꣡ने व꣡सूनाम्

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
devébhiḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

pavamāna ← √pū- (root)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

rada ← √rad- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

aśvínam ← aśvín- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

índo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vāvaśānáḥ ← √vāś- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

púraṁdhiḥ ← púraṁdhi- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}

rathirāyátām ← √rathirāy- (root)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

uśatī́ ← √vaś- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

asmadryàk ← asmadryàñc- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

dāváne ← √dā- 1 (root)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

vásūnām ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:PL}

सः । नः॒ । दे॒वेभिः॑ । प॒व॒मा॒न॒ । र॒द॒ । इन्दो॒ इति॑ । र॒यिम् । अ॒श्विन॑म् । वा॒व॒शा॒नः ।
र॒थि॒रा॒यता॑म् । उ॒श॒ती । पुर॑म्ऽधिः । अ॒स्म॒द्र्य॑क् । आ । दा॒वने॑ । वसू॑नाम् ॥

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• devebhiḥ ← deva
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• pavamāna ← pū
• [verb noun], vocative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• radendo ← rada ← rad
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “dig.”

• radendo ← indo ← indu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• aśvinaṃ ← aśvinam ← aśvin
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “rich in horses; horsy.”

• vāvaśānaḥ ← vaś
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”

• rathirāyatām ← rathirāy
• [verb], singular, Present imperative

• uśatī ← vaś
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”

• purandhir ← purandhiḥ ← puraṃdhi
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
• “liberality; Puraṃdhi; munificence.”

• asmadryag ← asmadryak ← asmadryañc
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• dāvane ← dā
• [verb noun]
• “give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

• vasūnām ← vasu
• [noun], genitive, plural, neuter
• “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

हे पवमान पूयमान सोम सः तादृशस्त्वं नः अस्मभ्यं देवेभिः देवैः सह रद प्रयच्छ । किं तत् उच्यते । हे इन्दो पात्रेषु क्षरन् सोम वावशानः कामयमानः सन् अश्विनम् अश्ववन्तं रयिं धनं प्रयच्छति । किंच रथिरायताम् । रथो येषामस्तीति रथिराः । ‘ मेधारथाभ्याम्’ इतीरच्प्रत्ययः । तद्वदाचरतस्तानिच्छतो वा पुरुषान् उशती कामयमाना पुरंधिः त्वदीया बहुविधा धीः वसूनां धनानां दावने दानाय अस्मद्र्यक् अस्मदभिमुखी आ आगच्छतु । यद्वा । रथिरायितामिति धनानां विशेषणम् । बलवतां धनानामिति । अस्मद्र्यक् । ‘विष्वग्देवयोश्च टेरद्र्यञ्चतावप्रत्यये । (पा. सू. ६. ३. ९२ ) इत्यद्र्यादेशः । अद्रिसध्र्योरन्तोदात्तत्वनिपातनात् ’ उदात्तस्वरितयोर्यणः । इति स्वरितः ॥

English translation:

“Indu Pavamāna, do you with the gods, who do long for (our good) bestow upon us riches comprising horses; may your capacious mind longing for those who possess chariots (come) towards us to bestow treasures (upon us).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Your capacious mind: purandhi = tvadīyā bahuvidhā dhīḥ

O self-purifying drop, along with the gods excavate wealth in horses for us as you bellow.
Let Plenitude come eagerly on her chariot in our direction, for the giving of goods.

Geldner takes vāvaśānáḥ in b to ‘desire’ (√vaś), but the same form in the same metrical position in 2b to ‘bellow’ (√vāś). Given the formal identity of the participles, I think they should be rendered in the same way (‘bellowing’; Geldner’s n. 4b recognizes this alternative). But the proximity of uśatī́‘desiring, eager’ in our pāda c teases us with the other root, and it is quite possible that our form should be taken as a pun. For a similar conjunction see IX.95.3-4.

The hapax rathirāyátām (3rd sg. mid. impv., with Oldenberg, etc., not gen. pl. pres.

part., with Grassmann) is baroque in formation. It’s worth noting that 3 of the 11 forms of its presumed base rathirá- ‘charioteer, chariot rider’ are found in nearby IX.97 (vss. 37, 46, 48) with a further occurrence in IX.76.2.

With all the Gods, O Indu Pavamana, while thou art roaring send us wealth in horses.
Hither upon her car come willing Plenty, inclined to us, to give us of her treasures.

Laß uns willig, du geläuterter Saft, mit den Göttern Reichtum an Rossen zukommen! Willig soll die Purandhi zu uns her auf ihrem Wagen fahren, um Schätze zu schenken!

Du flammender, erschliesse durch die Götter, o Indu, willig Reichthum uns an Rossen, Und freundlich komm zu uns die Reichthumsgöttin, zu schenken Güter, die den Wagen füllen.

Пробуравь нам вместе с богами, о Павамана,
Громко ревя, о сок сомы, богатство, состоящее из коней!
Пусть Пурамдхи охотно приедет на колеснице
В наши края, чтобы дать (нам) благ!

• पवमानः सोमः
• नोधाः
• विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे प्रकाशस्वरूप परमात्मन् ! (रयिं) धन (अश्विनं) कर्मयोगियों और ज्ञानयोगियों के लिये (वावशानः) धारण किये हुए आप (रद) प्रदान करो (पवमान) हे सबको पवित्र करनेवाले परमात्मन् ! (देवेभिः) दिव्यशक्तियों के द्वारा (नः) हमको (वसूनां) धनों की (रथिरायतामुशती) अत्यन्त बलवती शक्ति (पुरन्धिः) जो बड़े-बड़े पदार्थों के धारण करनेवाली है, वह (अस्मद्र्यक्) हमारे लिये आप दें॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जिन पुरुषों पर परमात्मा अत्यन्त प्रसन्न होता है, उनको धनादि ऐश्वर्य्य की हेतु सर्व शक्तियों से परिपूर्ण करता है ॥४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे प्रकाशस्वरूपपरमात्मन् ! (अश्विनं) कर्मयोगिने ज्ञानयोगिने च (रयिं) धनं (वावशानः) धारयन् भवान् (रद) तेभ्यः सम्प्रददातु (पवमान) हे सर्वपावक ! (देवेभिः) दिव्यशक्तिद्वारा (नः) अस्मभ्यं (वसूनां) धनानां (रथिरायतां, उशती) अत्यन्तबलयुक्तशक्तीः (पुरन्धिः) या उत्कृष्टपदार्थधारिकाः ताः (अस्मद्र्यक्) मदधीनाः कुरु॥४॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नोधाः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

नू꣡ नो रयि꣡म् उ꣡प मास्व नृव꣡न्तम्
पुनानो꣡ वा᳐ता꣡प्यं विश्व꣡श्चन्द्रम्
प्र꣡ वन्दितु꣡र् · इन्दो तारि आ꣡युः
प्रात꣡र् मक्षू꣡ धिया꣡वसुर् जगम्यात्

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M;; repeated line

Morph
māsva ← √mā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

nr̥vántam ← nr̥vánt- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

nú ← nú (invariable)
{}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

úpa ← úpa (invariable)
{}

punānáḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

vātā́pyam ← vātā́pya- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

viśváścandram ← viśváścandra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́yuḥ ← ā́yus- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

indo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)
{}

tāri ← √tr̥̄- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:PASS}

vanditúḥ ← vanditár- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

dhiyā́vasuḥ ← dhiyā́vasu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

jagamyāt ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:OPT, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

makṣú ← makṣú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

prātár ← prātár (invariable)
{}

नु । नः॒ । र॒यिम् । उप॑ । मा॒स्व॒ । नृ॒ऽवन्त॑म् । पु॒ना॒नः । वा॒ताप्य॑म् । वि॒श्वऽच॑न्द्रम् ।
प्र । व॒न्दि॒तुः । इ॒न्दो॒ इति॑ । ता॒रि॒ । आयुः॑ । प्रा॒तः । म॒क्षु । धि॒याऽव॑सुः । ज॒ग॒म्या॒त् ॥

• nū ← nu
• [adverb]
• “now; already.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• māsva ← mā
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “weigh; measure; total; last; weigh; measure; give away; transform.”

• nṛvantam ← nṛvat
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “rich in men.”

• punāno ← punānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• vātāpyaṃ ← vātāpyam ← vātāpya
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine

• viśvaścandram ← viśva
• [noun]
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• viśvaścandram ← ścandram ← ścandra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “shining; glistening; brilliant.”

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• vanditur ← vandituḥ ← vanditṛ
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine

• indo ← indu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• tāry ← tāri ← tṛ
• [verb], singular, Aorist passive
• “traverse; overcome; float; rescue; reach; satisfy.”

• āyuḥ ← āyus
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “life; longevity; āyus; life; āyus [word]; Āyus.”

• prātar
• [adverb]
• “at dawn; early.”

• makṣū
• [adverb]
• “promptly; soon; quickly.”

• dhiyāvasur ← dhiyāvasuḥ ← dhiyāvasu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “wise.”

• jagamyāt ← gam
• [verb], singular, Perfect optative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

हे सोम पुनानः पूयमानस्त्वं नः अस्मभ्यं नु क्षिप्रं नृवन्तं मनुष्यैर्युक्तम् । छान्दसं मतुपो वत्वम् । तादृशं रयिं धनम् उप मास्व उपनिर्मिमीष्व । उपकुर्वित्यर्थः । किं च विश्वचन्द्रं सर्वेषामाह्लादकं वाताप्यम्। उदकनामैतत् । उदकं च कुरु । तथा हे इन्दो सोम वन्दितुः तव स्तोतुः आयुः जीवनं प्र तारि त्वया वर्धितमस्तु । सोऽयं सोमः धियावसुः बुद्ध्या कर्मणा वा प्राप्तधनः प्रातः काले वा सवने वा मक्षु शीघ्रमस्मदीयं यज्ञं प्रति जगम्यात् आगच्छेत् । गमेर्लिङि ‘ बहुलं छन्दसि ’ इति शपः श्लुः ॥ ॥ ३ ॥

English translation:

“Soma, when you are purified, measure out to us riches and dependents and all-gratifying water. Indu, may the life of your praiser be prolonged; may (Soma) who acquires wealth by his intelligence come quickly at dawn.”

Now, as you are being purified, mete out to us all-glittering wealth, abounding in superior men, befriended by the wind [/whose
friendship is sought].
The lifetime of the extoller has been extended, o drop. – Early in the morning—soon—he should come, bringing goods through his
insight.

The vs. shows a number of metrical disturbances; see Arnold p. 317, Oldenberg ad loc., Holland & van Nooten Rig Veda edition p. 649. Arnold suggests reading *māsvā in pāda a, which would fix the cadence. Pāda b has an opening of 3; note, however, that the apparently bad cadence viśváścandram with four heavy syllables is not in fact a problem, since all cmpds in - ścandra- are better read *-candra- (see comm. ad I.165.8), yielding the light antepenult required. On the metrical shape of vātā́pyam see immed. below and comm. ad I.121.8. Pāda c has 10 syllables. Pāda d, the Nodhas Gautama refrain (I.58.9, etc.), has an unusual break.

The adj. vātā́pyam presents problems of both form and meaning. There are three (or more) possible scansions of this stem—vāatā́pya- (or vaatā́pya-), vātaā́pya-, and vātā́pi ya—each of which has its champions. See comm. ad I.121.8.

The sense of the stem is likewise in doubt. It seems obviously related to the voc. vā́tāpe ‘o friend of the wind’ in I.187.8-10, and in I.121.8 Geldner tr. “… den Windbefreundeten,” in X.26.2 “die mit dem Vāta befreundet (?) ist.” However, in our passage and in X.105.1 he suggests a different analysis entirely, since (acdg. to his n. 5b to our hymn) that sense “will hier nicht passen.” His alternative involves the ppl. vāta- to √vani ‘long for, crave’ (otherwise attested only as 2nd cmpd. member), with the sense “whose friendship is desired” (dessen Freundschaft begehrt ist). The question is somewhat hard to decide (if it needs to be decided: a pun is also possible, as displayed in the published translation). On the one hand, giving up the connection with vātāpi- (whatever its underlying accent would have been: vā́tāpe has voc. accent) is unappealing. Moreover if the scansion should be vāata-, this would favor ‘wind’, which can be so scanned, whereas the root syll. of the ppl. should not be distracted.

(However, that scansion is declared by Oldenberg to be the least likely one.) Geldner’s certainty that “wind-befriended” wouldn’t work here is also open to question. We are asking for wealth - and “wind-befriended” wealth could be wealth that comes quickly, on a powerful gust of air. All this favors the “wind” analysis. But there is another consideration: accent. The cmpd is clearly an adj.; just as clearly it has a neut. noun ā́pya- ‘friendship’ as 2nd member. Therefore it should be a bahuvrīhi “having X friendship’ / ‘having the friendship of X’. If the 1st member is the ppl. to √vani , it should be accented *vātá- (though it actually never appears accented elsewhere).

This would allow an analysis vātá-āpya- with expected first-member bahuvrīhi accent (of the sutá-soma- type). But ‘wind’ is accented vā́ta-, and so, if it contains ‘wind’, the cmpd. must be analyzed with 2nd member accent, vāta-ā́pya-, which is not standard bahuvrīhi accent. Nonetheless, weighing these contravening factors, I favor ‘wind-befriended’ as the 1st reading, with Geldner’s ‘whose friendship is sought’ as a 2nd punning reading—though I cannot explain the accent.

Although pāda d is the Nodhas refrain and therefore tacked onto the hymn in some sense, note that dhiyā́responds to dhī́ra- dhītí- of 1b.

Now unto us mete riches, while they cleansethee, all-glorious, swelling wealth, with store of heroes.
Long be his life who worships, thee, O Indu. May he, enriched with prayer, come soon and early.

Nun teile uns Reichtum an Männern zu, dessen Freundschaft begehrt ist, allschimmernden, wann du dich läuterst! Das Leben des Lobredners werde verlängert, o Saft! - Recht bald am Morgen soll sich der einstellen, der durch die Weisheit Schätze erwirbt!

Nun miss uns Schätze zu, o hell entflammter, gewalt’ge, glänzende, an Männern reiche, Verlängre du des Sängers Leben, Indu; der huldvoll sorget komme früh am Morgen.

Отмерь же нам богатство из мужей,
Чья дружба желанна, повсюду сверкающего, когда тебя очищают!
Да продлится срок жизни у почитателя, о сок сомы!
Да придет (к нам) быстро ранним утром (бог,) богатый даром видения!

• पवमानः सोमः
• नोधाः
• पादनिचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे प्रकाशस्वरूप परमात्मन् ! (नु) निश्चय करके (नः) हमारे लिये (रयिं) ऐश्वर्य (उपमास्व) आप दें और (नृवन्तं) लोकसंग्रहवाले मुझको (पुनानः) पवित्र करते हुए आप (वाताप्यं) प्रेमरूप (विश्वचन्द्रं) जो विश्व को प्रसन्न करनेवाला ऐश्वर्य्य है, वह मुझे दें और (वन्दितुः) इस उपासक की आपके द्वारा (प्रतारि) वृद्धि हो और (आयुः) आयु हो (धियावसु) सम्पूर्ण ज्ञानों के निधि जो आप हैं, (प्रातः) उपासनाकाल में (मक्षु) शीघ्र (जगम्यात्) आकर हमारी वृद्धि में आरूढ़ हों॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में प्रकाशस्वरूप परमात्मा से ऐश्वर्य्य की प्रार्थना की गई है॥५॥ यह ९३ वाँ सूक्त और तीसरा वर्ग समाप्त हुआ ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे प्रकाशस्वरूप परमात्मन् ! (नु) निश्चयं (नः) अस्मभ्यं (रयिं) ऐश्वर्यं (उप, मास्व) देहि तथा (नृवन्तं) लोकसङ्ग्रहवन्तं मां (पुनानः) पावयन् (वाताप्यं) प्रेमरूपं (विश्वचन्द्रं) विश्वप्रसादकमैश्वर्यं मह्यं देहि, तथा (वन्दितुः) अस्योपासकस्य भवद्द्वारा (प्र, तारि) वृद्धिर्भवतु (आयुः) आयुश्च भवतु (धियावसुः) अखिलज्ञाननिधिर्भवान् (प्रातः) उपासनाकाले (मक्षु) शीघ्रं (जगम्यात्) आगत्य मद्बुद्धौ रूढो भवतु॥५॥ इति त्रिनवतितमं सूक्तं तृतीयो वर्गश्च समाप्तः॥