०९२

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - कश्यपः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

प᳓रि स्वानो᳓° ह᳓रिर् अंशुः᳓ पवि᳓त्रे
र᳓थो न᳓ सर्जि सन᳓ये हियानः᳓
आ᳓पच् छ्लो᳓कम् इन्द्रिय᳓म् पूय᳓मानः
प्र᳓ति देवाँ᳓ अजुषत प्र᳓योभिः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
aṁśúḥ ← aṁśú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

háriḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

pári ← pári (invariable)

pavítre ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

suvānáḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

hiyānáḥ ← √hi- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

ná ← ná (invariable)

ráthaḥ ← rátha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sanáye ← saní- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

sarji ← √sr̥j- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:PASS}

ā́pat ← √āp- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

indriyám ← indriyá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

pūyámānaḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:PASS}

ślókam ← ślóka- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ajuṣata ← √juṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

devā́n ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

práti ← práti (invariable)

práyobhiḥ ← práyas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:PL}

परि॑ । सु॒वा॒नः । हरिः॑ । अं॒शुः । प॒वित्रे॑ । रथः॑ । न । स॒र्जि॒ । स॒नये॑ । हि॒या॒नः ।
आप॑त् । श्लोक॑म् । इ॒न्द्रि॒यम् । पू॒यमा॑नः । प्रति॑ । दे॒वान् । अ॒जु॒ष॒त॒ । प्रयः॑ऽभिः ॥

• pari
• [adverb]
• “from; about; around.”

• suvāno ← suvānaḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• harir ← hariḥ ← hari
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “reddish brown; yellow; pale; yellow; aureate.”

• aṃśuḥ ← aṃśu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “sunbeam; beam; aṃśu [word]; thread.”

• pavitre ← pavitra
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “strainer.”

• ratho ← rathaḥ ← ratha
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• sarji ← sṛj
• [verb], singular, Aorist passive
• “create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

• sanaye ← sani
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “gain.”

• hiyānaḥ ← hi
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

• āpacchlokam ← āpat ← āp
• [verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
• “enter (a state); get; reach; obtain; equal.”

• āpacchlokam ← ślokam ← śloka
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Śloka; fame; hymn; śloka [word]; praise; glory; verse.”

• indriyam ← indriya
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “aindra.”

• pūyamānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• prati
• [adverb]
• “towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”

• devāṃ ← deva
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• ajuṣata ← juṣ
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”

• prayobhiḥ ← prayas
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
• “food; dainty; enjoyment.”

सुवानः’ अभिषूयमाणः हियानः ऋत्विग्भिः प्रेर्यमाणः हरिः हरितवर्णः अंशुः सोमः पवित्रे अविवालेन कृते दशापवित्रे परि सर्जि परिसृज्यते । किमर्थम् । सनये धनलाभाय देवानां संभजनाय वा । तत्र दृष्टान्तः । रथो न । रथो यथा युद्धे शत्रुवधार्थं शत्रुधनहरणार्थं वा सृज्यते तद्वत् । किंच पूयमानः पवित्रेण सोऽयं सोमः इन्द्रियम् इन्द्रलिङ्गमिन्द्रस्य पर्याप्तं वा श्लोकं स्तोत्रम् आपत् आप्नोति । आप्लृ व्याप्तौ ’ । लेट्यडागमः । तथा स सोमः प्रयोभिः प्रीणयितृभिः हवीरूपैरन्नैः देवान् प्रति अजुषत प्रतिसेवते । ‘जुषी प्रीतिसेवनयोः’ ॥

English translation:

“The green-tinted Soma effused and sent forth (by the priests) is let loose, like a chariot upon the filter, for the acquisition (of riches); being filtered he acquires (Indra’s) praise, he gratifies the gods with conciliatory (oblations).”

The tawny one, the plant, being pressed, is sent surging all around in the filter, like a chariot being urged on to win.
He will achieve a signal-call meant for Indra as he is being purified. He has returned the favor to the gods through his pleasurable
offerings.

The injunc sarji would probably be better tr. “has been sent surging,” per Ian Hollenbaugh.

In c ā́pac chlókam indriyám seems illuminated by X.94.1 (one of the pressing stone hymns) ślókaṃ ghóṣam bhárathéndrāya “you bear your signal-call, your cry to Indra.” The ślóka- ‘signal call’ is the audible sign to Indra that soma is being prepared for him; in our passage I assume that the noisy journey of the soma after the filtering produces this ślóka-, just as the noise of the pressing stones in X.94.1 serves that purpose.

The lexeme práti √juṣ sometimes seems to mean what the simplex does: ‘enjoy’ with an acc. of the substance enjoyed, as in I.101.10 uśán havyā́ni práti no juṣasva “(Indra,) being eager, take pleasure in our oblations” (cf. VII.34.21). But sometimes this idiom takes a personal object, with the subject giving enjoyment to the object - a reversal of the usual situation. See III.33.8, VII.54.1, 2. In the latter hymn, we find in vs. 1 the dyadic yát tvémahe práti tán no juṣasva “When we entreat you, favor us in return,” which suggests that práti √juṣ comes as a response to a request of some sort. In vs. 2 pitéva putrā́n práti no juṣasva “Like a father his sons, favor us in return,” the acc. putrā́n in the simile shows the case of the obj. of the verb, which the enclitic naḥ conceals. The personal acc. is also found in our passage: práti devā́m̐ajuṣata práyobhiḥ. As these tr. show, I have generally tr. this idiom ‘favor in return’, but ‘favor in response’ might be better. I confess, however, that neither ‘in return’ or ‘in response’ quite works in our passage.

THE gold-hued juice, poured out upon the filter, is started like a car sent forth to conquer.
He hath gained song and vigour while they cleansed him, and hath rejoiced the Gods with entertainments.

Es kreist der falbe Stengel ausgepreßt in der Seihe um. Wie ein Wagen schoß er los zum Gewinn getrieben. Er hat den indrischen Ton erreicht, während er geläutert wird. Den Göttern ward er durch seine Labungen wohlgefällig.

Ergossen ist der goldne Saft zur Seihe, gepresst, getrieben wie zum Preis der Wagen; Geklärt hat er des Indra Ton gefunden und hat erfreut die Götter durch Genüsse.

Выжатый, буланый (конь) – стебель (сомы)
Понесся кругами по цедилке, словно колесница, посланная за добычей.
Когда его очищают, он достиг ритма, свойственного Индре.
Он понравился богам (своими) жертвенными усладами.

• पवमानः सोमः
• कश्यपः
• भुरिक्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सुवानः) सर्वव्यापकः (हरिः) हरणशील (अंशुः) सूत्रात्मा परमात्मा (पवित्रे) पवित्र अन्तःकरण में (रथो न) गतिशील पदार्थों के समान (परिसर्जि) साक्षात्कार किया जाता है, (सनये) जो परमात्मा उपासना के लिये (हियानः) प्रेरणा करता है और (इन्द्रियम्) कर्म्मयोगी को (श्लोकं) शब्दसंघात को (आपत्) उत्पन्न करता है, (पूयमानः) सबको पवित्र करनेवाला परमात्मा (प्रयेभिः) अपने आशीर्वादों से (देवान्, प्रति) देवताओं के लिये (अजुषत) प्रेम को उत्पन्न करता है॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो लोग शुद्ध अन्तःकरण से परमात्मा की उपासना करते हैं, परमात्मा उनके अन्तःकरण में पवित्र ज्ञान प्रादुर्भूत करता है ॥१॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सुवानः) सर्वव्यापकः (हरिः) हरणशीलः (अंशुः) अश्नुते सर्वत्रेत्यंशुः।सूत्रात्मा परमात्मा (पवित्रे) विशुद्धान्तःकरणे (रथः, न) गतिशीलपदार्था इव (परि, सर्जि) साक्षात्क्रियते, यः परमात्मा (सनये) उपासनार्थं (हियानः) प्रेरयति जनानिति शेषः, यः परमात्मा (इन्द्रियं) कर्मयोगिनं (श्लोकं) शब्दसमुदायं (आपत्) जनयति पुनश्च कीदृशः स परमात्मा (पूयमानः) सर्वपावकः (प्रयोभिः) निजैराशीर्वादैः (देवान्, प्रति) देवेभ्यः विद्वद्भ्य इत्यर्थः (अजुषत) स्नेहमुत्पादयति॥१॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - कश्यपः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

अ᳓छा नृच᳓क्षा असरत् पवि᳓त्रे
ना᳓म द᳓धानः कवि᳓र् अस्य यो᳓नौ
सी᳓दन् हो᳓तेव स᳓दने चमू᳓षु
उ᳓पेम् अग्मन्न् ऋ᳓षयः सप्त᳓ वि᳓प्राः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
ácha ← ácha (invariable)

asarat ← √sr̥- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

nr̥cákṣāḥ ← nr̥cákṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

pavítre ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

dádhānaḥ ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

kavíḥ ← kaví- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

nā́ma ← nā́man- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

yónau ← yóni- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

camū́ṣu ← camū́- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

hótā ← hótar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iva ← iva (invariable)

sádane ← sádana- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

sī́dan ← √sad- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

agman ← √gam- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

īm ← īm (invariable)

ŕ̥ṣayaḥ ← ŕ̥ṣi- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

saptá ← saptá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

úpa ← úpa (invariable)

víprāḥ ← vípra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

अच्छ॑ । नृ॒ऽचक्षाः॑ । अ॒स॒र॒त् । प॒वित्रे॑ । नाम॑ । दधा॑नः । क॒विः । अ॒स्य॒ । योनौ॑ ।
सीद॑न् । होता॑ऽइव । सद॑ने । च॒मूषु॑ । उप॑ । ई॒म् । अ॒ग्म॒न् । ऋष॑यः । स॒प्त । विप्राः॑ ॥

• acchā
• [adverb]
• “towards; accha [prefix].”

• nṛcakṣā ← nṛ
• [noun], masculine
• “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

• nṛcakṣā ← cakṣāḥ ← cakṣas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “eye; look; radiance.”

• asarat ← sṛ
• [verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
• “sṛ; liquefy; run; spread; stretch out.”

• pavitre ← pavitra
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “strainer.”

• nāma ← nāman
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “name; appellation; nāman [word]; nāmakaraṇa; surname; noun; word.”

• dadhānaḥ ← dhā
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• kavir ← kaviḥ ← kavi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

• asya ← idam
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• yonau ← yoni
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “vagina; vulva; uterus; beginning; origin; reincarnation; birthplace; family; production; cause; race; grain; raw material; birth; kind; caste; kinship; bed.”

• sīdan ← sad
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

• hoteva ← hotā ← hotṛ
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Hotṛ.”

• hoteva ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• sadane ← sadana
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “seat; weakness; inertness; dwelling; exhaustion; numbness; home; residence; seat; inanition; location.”

• camūṣūpem ← camūṣu ← camū
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “army; camū; Camū.”

• camūṣūpem ← upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• camūṣūpem ← īm ← īṃ
• [adverb]

• agmann ← agman ← gam
• [verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

• ṛṣayaḥ ← ṛṣi
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Ṛṣi; spiritual teacher; ascetic; Mantra.”

• sapta ← saptan
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “seven; seventh.”

• viprāḥ ← vipra
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “eloquent; stimulated; divine.”

नृचक्षाः नृणां द्रष्टा कविः क्रान्तप्रज्ञः सोमः नाम वसतीवर्याख्यमुदकं दधानः धारयन् अस्य एतादृशस्यात्मनः योनौ स्थाने पवित्रे अच्छ असरत् अभितः सरति । ततः सदने । सीदन्त्यत्रेति सदनो यज्ञः । तस्मिन् होतेव होता यथा देवान् स्तोतुमुपविशति तद्वद्देवानागन्तुमुपविशन् सोमः चमूषु । चमन्ति चम्वो ग्रहादयः । तेष्वभिसरति । अनन्तरं सप्तसंख्याकाः विप्राः मेधाविनो भरद्वाजः कश्यप गोतमोऽत्रिर्विश्वामित्रो जमदग्निर्वसिष्ठ इत्येते ऋषयः ईम् एनं सोमम् उप अग्मन् स्तोत्रैरुपगच्छन्ति ॥

English translation:

“The sage, the observer of men, retaining the water proceeds to his plural ce on the filter; like a ministrant priest sitting at the sacrifice (the Soma flows) into the cups; the seven wise ṛṣis approach him with praise.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The seven wise ṛṣis: Bharadvāja, Kaśyapa, Gotama, Atri, Viśvāmitra, Jamadagni and Vasiṣṭha

His gaze on men, he has run here, acquiring the name “poet” in the filter, in his womb,
taking his seat in the cups, like a Hotar on his seat. The seven inspired seers have approached him.

Note that this vs. contains the three most resonant “poet” terms: kaví, ṛ́ṣi, vípra-. The first applies to Soma, the other two to the seven seers who approach him.

In b I take kavíḥ as a pred. nominative or an embedded quotation, providing the name that Soma has acquired - though it must be admitted that we might expect an acc. Both Geldner and Renou take kavíḥ as an independent descriptor (though see Geldner’s n.

2b, where he allows the possibility of my interpr.). The name Soma assumes is, for them, “Soma” itself, or so I understand it. By my interpr. Soma gets called “Kavi” because of the noise he makes on his journey; at the end of the journey he becomes (like a) “Hotar” when he sits down (/is installed) in the cups - another human ritual participant. Geldner (n. 2b) suggests that he has just become the Soma-drink (by virtue of the pressing?) and thus takes on the name.

He who beholdeth man hath reached the filter: bearing his name, the Sage hath sought his dwelling.
The Rsis came to him, seven holy singers, when in the bowls he settled as Invoker.

Der männlich Blickende ist gekommen, in der Seihe seinen Namen annehmend, der Seher in seiner Wiege. Er setzt sich in die Camugefäße wie der Hotri auf seinen Sitz. Ihm sind die sieben redekundigen Rishi´s genaht.

Zur Seihe eilte jetzt er Männer-schauend, als Seher sich in seinem Schoosse zeigend, Als Priester sitzend in dem Platz der Becher; ihm sind genaht die sieben weisen Sänger.

Он потек, (бог) со взглядом героя, в цедилке
Принимая (свое) имя, на своем лоне.
Он садится в чаны, как хотар на (свое) сиденье.
Подошли к нему семеро вдохновенных риши.

• पवमानः सोमः
• कश्यपः
• निचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (नृचक्षाः) सबका द्रष्टा (कविः) और सर्वज्ञ (नाम दधानः) इत्यादि नामों को धारण करनेवाला परमात्मा (अस्य, योनौ) कर्म्मयोगी के अन्तःकरण में (पवित्रे) जो साधनों द्वारा पवित्रता को प्राप्त है, उसमें (अच्छा सरत्) भली-भाँति प्राप्त होता है। (होतेव) जिस प्रकार होता (सदने) यज्ञ में (सीदन्) प्राप्त होता हुआ (चमूषु) बहुत से समुदायों में स्थिर होता है, इसी प्रकार (उप ईम्) इसके समीप (सप्तर्षयः) पाँच प्राण, मन और बुद्धि (विप्राः) जो मनुष्य को पवित्र करनेवाले हैं, वे आकर प्राप्त होते हैं॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो पुरुष कर्मयोगी है, उसके पाँचों प्राण मन तथा बुद्धि वशीकृत होते हैं। उक्त साधनों द्वारा परमात्मा का अपने अन्तःकरण में साक्षात्कार करता है ॥२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (नृचक्षाः) सर्वद्रष्टा (कविः) सर्वज्ञश्च (नाम, दधानः) इत्यादि नामानि धारयन् परमात्मा (अस्य, योनौ) कर्मयोगिनोऽन्तःकरणे (पवित्रे) बहुभिः साधनैः पवित्रतां प्राप्तं तस्मिन् (अच्छा, सरत्) सम्यक् प्राप्नोति (होतेव)यथा होता (सदने) यज्ञे (सीदन्) आगच्छन् (चमूषु) बहुषु समुदायेषु स्थिरो भवति, एवमेव (उप, ईं) अस्य समीपे (सप्त, ऋषयः) मनोबुद्धी पञ्च प्राणाश्च ये (विप्राः) मानवान् पवित्रयन्ति ते समागत्य प्राप्नुवन्ति॥२॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - कश्यपः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

प्र᳓ सुमेधा᳓ गातुवि᳓द् विश्व᳓देवः
सो᳓मः पुनानः᳓ स᳓द एति नि᳓त्यम्
भु᳓वद् वि᳓श्वेषु का᳓वियेषु र᳓न्ता
अ᳓नु ज᳓नान् यतते प᳓ञ्च धी᳓रः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
gātuvít ← gātuvíd- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)

sumedhā́ḥ ← sumedhás- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

viśvádevaḥ ← viśvádeva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

eti ← √i- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

nítyam ← nítya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

punānáḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sádaḥ ← sádas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

sómaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

bhúvat ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

kā́vyeṣu ← kā́vya- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}

rántā ← rántar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

víśveṣu ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}

ánu ← ánu (invariable)

dhī́raḥ ← dhī́ra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

jánān ← jána- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

páñca ← páñca- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

yatate ← √yat- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

प्र । सु॒ऽमे॒धाः । गा॒तु॒ऽवित् । वि॒श्वऽदे॑वः । सोमः॑ । पु॒ना॒नः । सदः॑ । ए॒ति॒ । नित्य॑म् ।
भुव॑त् । विश्वे॑षु । काव्ये॑षु । रन्ता॑ । अनु॑ । जना॑न् । य॒त॒ते॒ । पञ्च॑ । धीरः॑ ॥

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• sumedhā ← sumedhāḥ ← sumedhas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “wise.”

• gātuvid ← gātu
• [noun], masculine
• “path; way.”

• gātuvid ← vid
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “conversant(p); aware(p); enlightened; understanding.”

• viśvadevaḥ ← viśva
• [noun]
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• viśvadevaḥ ← devaḥ ← deva
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• somaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• punānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• sada ← sadaḥ ← sadas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “mansion; assembly; seat; seat.”

• eti ← i
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

• nityam ← nitya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “continuous; own(a); changeless; everlasting; continual; devoted(p); permanent; obligatory; continuing; indispensable; native; addicted; connatural; necessary; durable; ageless; invariable; biological.”

• bhuvad ← bhuvat ← bhū
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

• viśveṣu ← viśva
• [noun], locative, plural, masculine
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• kāvyeṣu ← kāvya
• [noun], locative, plural, masculine
• “Uśanas; poem; Kāvya; wisdom.”

• rantānu ← rantā ← rantṛ
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• rantānu ← anu
• [adverb]
• “subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

• janān ← jana
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”

• yatate ← yat
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “strive; endeavor; join; equal; rival.”

• pañca ← pañcan
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “five; fifth; pañcan [word].”

• dhīraḥ ← dhīra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “expert; wise; intelligent; versed; adept.”

सुमेधाः । ‘ नित्यमसिच् प्रजामेधयोः’ ( पा. सू. ५. ४. १२२) इत्यसिच्समासान्तः । शोभनप्रज्ञः गातुवित् मार्गस्य वेत्ता । यद्वा । गातवः स्तोतारः । तेषां धनस्य लम्भयिता । विश्वदेवः सर्वदेवोपगतः । यद्वा । देवो देवनं दीप्तिः । व्यापकदीप्तियुक्तः । एतादृशः सोमः पुनानः पूयमानः सन् नित्यम् अविनश्वरं सदः स्थानं द्रोणकलशं प्र एति प्रगच्छति । ततः विश्वेषु सर्वेषु काव्येषु कविकर्मसु स्तोत्रेषु रन्ता भुवत् रमणशीलो भवति । रमेस्ताच्छीलिकस्तृन् । तथा धीरः प्राज्ञः सोऽयं पञ्च जनान् निषादपञ्चमांश्चतुरो वर्णान् अनु यतते अनुगन्तुं प्रयत्नं करोति । अनुगच्छतीति यावत् ॥

English translation:

“Soma, the intelligent, the knower of the right path, accompanied by all the gods, undergoing purification goes to his constant abode; he is one who delights in all sacred praises; the sage endeavours to approach the five classes of beings.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Accompanied by all the gods: or, having all-pervading light

The very wise pathfinder who belongs to all the gods, Soma as he is being purified goes forth to his very own seat.
He is one to take his rest amid all the poems. Steadfast, he arranges
himself throughout the five peoples.

The periphrasis in c bhuvát … rántā, with the aor. injunc. (∾ subj.) to √bhū

• root-accented -tar- stem, must be signaling some special nuance. Geldner tr. “Er pflegte … zu verweilen” (is accustomed to); Tichy (168-69) cites his tr. with apparent approbation and characterizes the use of this periphrasis as expressing “eine gewohnheitsmässig wiederholte Handlung.” Her own rendering (pp. 314, 336) is “er pflegte bei allen Darbietungen der Seher haltzumachen.” My own “is one to take his rest” is close to this view, but lays more emphasis on the agentive aspect of the -tarstem.

There is also the question of which sense of √ram is found here, the orig.

‘(come to) rest’ or the developed ‘be content, enjoy’. Renou opts for the latter (and see his n.): “qui se complaît …,” but given the emphasis on Soma’s taking his seat (vss.

2-3), it seems best, with Geldner (/Tichy), to operate with the first.

Having been called kaví- himself in 2b, Soma now finds himself in the midst of all kā́vya- – presumably mostly the poetic effusions of the ritual participants, but also the sounds that he made on his journey that afforded him the kaví- title. This joining of different types of kā́vya- may account for the ‘all’.

Geldner’s rendering of pāda d is quite free: “Der Kluge macht die fünf Völker zu seinem Gefolge.” Tichy’s (336) is more accurate: “überall bei den fünf Völkern nimmt der Weise seinen Platz ein.” A proper interpr. of this pāda must first recognize that the lexeme is not ánu √yat, pace Grassmann: there are no other exx. of this supposed combination in the RV (nor any other registered by Mon-Wms). Instead we must be dealing with the fairly common expression jánām̐ánu (I.50.3, 6, 120.11, etc.), though with flipped order, “through(out) the peoples.” The finite verb yatate then has its normal sense ‘take one’s place, ‘arrange oneself’; here the point is that Soma is common to the whole Ārya community, whatever limited place he occupies on the ritual ground.

I render dhī́raḥ as ‘steadfast’ rather than ‘insightful, wise’, because of the emphasis on Soma’s taking his seat.

Shared by all Gods, mobt wise, propitious, Soma goes, while they cleanse him, to his constant station.
Let him rejoice in all his lofty wisdom to the Five Tribes the Sage attains with labour.

Der weise Pfadfinder, der allen Göttern gehörige Soma geht sich läuternd an seinen ständigen Sitz. Er pflegt bei allen Dichtungen gern zu verweilen. Der Kluge macht die fünf Völker zu seinem Gefolge.

Zum eignen Sitz geht flammend, vorwärtsdringend der weise Soma, allen Göttern eigen, Er weile gern bei allen Priesterwerken; den fünf Geschlechtern strebet zu der Weise.

Очень мудрый, знающий выход, принадлежащий всем богам,
Сома, очищаясь, продвигается на свое собственное сиденье.
Он наслаждается всеми поэтическими произведениями.
Он приводит в порядок пять народов, (этот) умный (бог).

• पवमानः सोमः
• कश्यपः
• विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सुमेधाः) शोभन प्रज्ञावाला और (गातुवित्) मार्ग के जाननेवाला (विश्वदेवः) जिसका ज्ञान सर्वत्र विद्यमान है, (सोमः) सर्वोत्पादक परमात्मा (पुनानः) सबको पवित्र करता हुआ परमात्मा (नित्यं) सदैव (सदः) उस स्थान को (एति) प्राप्त होता है, जिस स्थान में (विश्वेषु काव्येषु) सम्पूर्ण प्रकार की रचनाओं में (रन्ता) रमण करनेवाला योगी (पञ्चधीरः) पाँच प्रकार के (जनान्) प्राणों को (अनुयतते) लगाता है और लगाकर अर्थात् प्राणायाम करके (भुवत्) रमणशील होता है॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - योगी पुरुष प्राणायाम द्वारा परमात्मा का साक्षात्कार करता है, इसी अभिप्राय से यह कथन किया है कि योगी को परमात्मा प्राप्त होता है। वास्तव में परमात्मा सर्वव्यापक है, उसका जाना-आना कहीं नहीं होता ॥३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सुमेधाः) शोभनप्रज्ञावान्, अपि च (गातुवित्) मार्गज्ञः (विश्वदेवः) यस्य ज्ञानं सर्वत्र विद्यते (सोमः) सर्वोत्पादकः परमात्मा (पुनानः) सर्वाञ्जनान् पवित्रयन् (नित्यं) सदैव (सदः) तस्मिन् स्थाने (एति) प्राप्नोति यस्मिन्स्थाने (विश्वेषु, काव्येषु) सर्वप्रकारास्वपि रचनासु (रन्ता) रमणकर्त्ता योगी (पञ्चधीरः) पञ्चविधान् (जनान्) प्राणान् (अनु, यतते) युनक्ति योजयित्वा च प्राणायामं विधाय (भुवत्) रमणशीलो भवति॥३॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - कश्यपः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

त᳓व त्ये᳓ सोम पवमान निण्ये᳓
वि᳓श्वे देवा᳓स् त्र᳓य एकादशा᳓सः
द᳓श स्वधा᳓भिर् अ᳓धि सा᳓नो अ᳓व्ये
मृज᳓न्ति त्वा नदि᳓यः सप्त᳓ यह्वीः᳓

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
niṇyé ← niṇyá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

pavamāna ← √pū- (root)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

soma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

táva ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:SG}

tyé ← syá- ~ tyá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

devā́ḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

ekādaśā́saḥ ← ekādaśá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

tráyaḥ ← trí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

víśve ← víśva- (nominal stem)

ádhi ← ádhi (invariable)

ávye ← ávya- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

dáśa ← dáśa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sā́no ← sā́nu- ~ snú- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

svadhā́bhiḥ ← svadhā́- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

mr̥jánti ← √mr̥j- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

nadyàḥ ← nadī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

saptá ← saptá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

tvā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}

yahvī́ḥ ← yahvī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

तव॑ । त्ये । सो॒म॒ । प॒व॒मा॒न॒ । नि॒ण्ये । विश्वे॑ । दे॒वाः । त्रयः॑ । ए॒का॒द॒शासः॑ ।
दश॑ । स्व॒धाभिः॑ । अधि॑ । सानौ॑ । अव्ये॑ । मृ॒जन्ति॑ । त्वा॒ । न॒द्यः॑ । स॒प्त । य॒ह्वीः ॥

• tava ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• tye ← tya
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “that.”

• soma
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• pavamāna ← pū
• [verb noun], vocative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• niṇye ← niṇya
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “secret; mystery.”

• viśve ← viśva
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• devās ← devāḥ ← deva
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• traya ← trayaḥ ← tri
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “three; tri/tisṛ [word].”

• ekādaśāsaḥ ← ekādaśa
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “eleventh; elevenfold.”

• daśa ← daśan
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “ten; tenth; daśan [word].”

• svadhābhir ← svadhābhiḥ ← svadhā
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “free will; offering; libation; nature; svadhā [word]; comfort; power.”

• adhi
• [adverb]
• “on; from; accordingly.”

• sāno ← sānu
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “tableland; ridge; peak; back; ridge; guru.”

• avye ← avya
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine

• mṛjanti ← mṛj
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “purify; polish; rub; remove.”

• tvā ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, singular
• “you.”

• nadyaḥ ← nadī
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “river; nadī; nadī [word]; Premna spinosa Roxb..”

• sapta ← saptan
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “seven; seventh.”

• yahvīḥ ← yahva
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “youngest; youthful; active.”

हे पवमान पूयमान हे सोम तव स्वभूताः त्ये ते प्रसिद्धाः त्रय एकादशासः । पूरणार्थे डट् प्रत्ययः । त्रयस्त्रिंशत्संख्याकाः विश्वे सर्वे देवाः निण्ये । अन्तर्हितनामैतत् । अन्तर्हिते स्थाने द्युलोके वर्तन्ते । तादृशं त्वां दशसंख्याका अङ्गुलयः अधि सानौ अधिकं समुच्छ्रिते अव्ये अविमये पवित्रे स्वधाभिः उदकैः मृजन्ति शोधयन्ति । किंच यह्वीः ।’ वा छन्दसि । इति पूर्वसवर्णदीर्घः । यह्वयो महत्यः सप्त सप्तसंख्याका गङ्गाद्याः नद्यः त्वा त्वां मृजन्ति । वसतीवर्यात्मकैरेकधनात्मकैश्च स्वीयैरुदकैस्त्वां मार्जयन्तीत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“O Soma Pavamāna, you are the thrice eleven universal gods abiding in the secret (heaven); the ten (fingers) cleanse you with the waters upon the elevated fleece, the seven great rivers (cleanse you).”

O self-purifying Soma, it is in your secret that all these gods are, the three times eleven.
The ten (fingers) with their autonomous powers, the seven exuberant streams groom you upon the sheep’s back.

As was suggested in the published introduction, this vs. may constitute a weak omphalos. In particular, the purport of the first hemistich is not clear to me: what does it mean to say “the gods are in your secret”? Renou supplies ‘domain’ with niṇyé, but doesn’t elucidate. Geldner floats two possibilities in his n. 4a. The first, which he says is illuminated by IX.95.2, is that the gods are Soma’s secret, which only he can reveal. This is not quite what IX.95.2 says; there Soma reveals the hidden names (gúhyāni nāma) of the gods, with an acc. pl. not a loc. sg. I am more convinced by his 2nd proposal, that we supply loc. nā́mani with niṇyé, and interpr. it to mean that Soma’s “secret name” is amṛ́ta- ‘immortal’ (‘ambrosia’), a word indeed regularly used for soma. Since this word is also, of course, a standard descriptor for the gods, they are/exist, in the verbal sense, “in your secret (name).” Although the loc. nā́man(i) is not found in the RV, this seems an accidental gap. The multistep mystery—1) figure out what, if anything, to supply with niṇyá-: nā́mani; 2) solve for what the “secret (name)” is: amṛ́ta; 3) then apply the resultant name to the gods—is worthy of an omphalos. To make the tr. clearer I would substitute “it is in your secret (name [=(drink of) immortality]) that all these gods [=the immortals] are …”

In thy mysterious place, O Pavamana Soma, are all the Gods, the Thrice-Eleven.
Ten on the fleecy height, themselves, self-prompted, and seven fresh rivers, brighten and adorn thee.

In deinem Geheimnis sind, o Soma Pavamana, all diese dreimal elf Götter. Zehn Finger putzen dich aus eigenem Antrieb über dem Schafrücken; es putzen dich die sieben jüngsten Ströme.

An deinem heil’gen Ort, o lichter Soma, sind alle diese dreiunddreissig Götter; Zehn Finger klären dich auf wollnem Gipfel aus eigner Lust und sieben schnelle Ströme.

В твоем тайном (месте), о Сома-Павамана,
(Находятся) все эти боги, (числом) трижды одиннадцать.
По обычаям, тебя начищают десять (пальцев жреца)
На спине (цедилки) из овечьей шерсти, семь юных рек.

• पवमानः सोमः
• कश्यपः
• निचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (विश्वे देवाः) सम्पूर्ण देव जो (त्रयः, एकादशासः) ३३ हैं, वे (निण्ये) अन्तरिक्ष में वर्तमान हैं। (सोम) हे सर्वोत्पादक परमात्मन् ! (त्ये) वे (तव) तुम्हारे लिये (दश) पाँच सूक्ष्म भूत और पाँच स्थूल भूतों की (स्वधाभिः) सूक्ष्मशक्तियों द्वारा (अधिसानौ) तुम्हारे सर्वोपरि उच्चस्वरूप में (अव्ये) जो सर्वरक्षक हैं, उसमें (मृजन्ति) संशोधन करनेवाले हैं और (त्वां) तुझको (सप्त, यह्वीः, नद्यः) जो बड़ी सात नाड़ियाँ हैं, उनके द्वारा प्राप्त होते हैं॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में योगविद्या का वर्णन किया है और सप्तनद्यः से तात्पर्य सात प्रकार की नाड़ियों का है, जिनको इड़ा, पिङ्गलादि नामों से कथन किया जाता है। तात्पर्य यह है कि योगी पुरुष उक्त नाड़ियों के द्वारा संयम करके परमात्मयोगी बनें अर्थात् परमात्मा में युक्त हों ॥४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (विश्वे, देवाः) सर्वे देवाः (त्रयः, एकादशासः) त्रयस्त्रिंशत्सङ्ख्याकाः सन्ति ते (निण्ये) अन्तरिक्षे विद्यन्ते (सोम) हे सर्वोत्पादकपरमात्मन् ! (त्ये) ते (तव) तुभ्यं (दश) पञ्चानां सूक्ष्मभूतानां पञ्चानां स्थूलभूतानां च (स्वधाभिः) सूक्ष्माभिः शक्तिभिः (अधि, सानौ) त्वदीये सर्वश्रेष्ठे स्वरूपे (अव्ये) यत्खलु सर्वपालकं विद्यते तस्मिन् (मृजन्ति) संशोधयन्ति अपि च (त्वां) त्वां (सप्त, यह्वीः, नद्यः) याः किल बृहत्तराः सप्त नाड्यः सन्ति, ताभिः प्राप्नुवन्ति॥४॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - कश्यपः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

त᳓न् नु᳓ सत्य᳓म् प᳓वमानस्य अस्तु
य᳓त्र वि᳓श्वे कार᳓वः संन᳓सन्त
ज्यो᳓तिर् य᳓द् अ᳓ह्ने अ᳓कृणोद् उलोक᳓म्†
प्रा᳓वन् म᳓नुं द᳓स्यवे कर् अभी᳓कम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
astu ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

nú ← nú (invariable)

pávamānasya ← √pū- (root)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

satyám ← satyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

tát ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

kārávaḥ ← kārú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

saṁnásanta ← √nas- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

víśve ← víśva- (nominal stem)

yátra ← yátra (invariable)

áhne ← áhar ~ áhan- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

ákr̥ṇot ← √kr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

jyótiḥ ← jyótis- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

ulokám ← uloká- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

abhī́kam ← abhī́ka- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

āvat ← √avⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

dásyave ← dásyu- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

kar ← √kr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

mánum ← mánu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)

तत् । नु । स॒त्यम् । पव॑मानस्य । अ॒स्तु॒ । यत्र॑ । विश्वे॑ । का॒रवः॑ । स॒म्ऽनस॑न्त ।
ज्योतिः॑ । यत् । अह्ने॑ । अकृ॑णोत् । ऊं॒ इति॑ । लो॒कम् । प्र । आ॒व॒त् । मनु॑म् । दस्य॑वे । कः॒ । अ॒भीक॑म् ॥

• tan ← tat ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• nu
• [adverb]
• “now; already.”

• satyam ← satya
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “true; real; real; faithful; good.”

• pavamānasyāstu ← pavamānasya ← pū
• [verb noun], genitive, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• pavamānasyāstu ← astu ← as
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• yatra
• [adverb]
• “wherein; once [when].”

• viśve ← viśva
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• kāravaḥ ← kāru
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “poet; singer.”

• saṃnasanta ← saṃnas ← √nas
• [verb], plural, Present injunctive

• jyotir ← jyotiḥ ← jyotis
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• ahne ← ahar
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”

• akṛṇod ← akṛṇot ← kṛ
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

• u
• [adverb]
• “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

• lokam ← loka
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Loka; Earth; world; vernacular; people; room; world; Earth; loka [word]; space; Loka; topographic point; region; common sense.”

• prāvan ← prāvat ← prāv ← √av
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “help; promote.”

• manuṃ ← manum ← manu
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Manu; mantra; Manusmṛti; fourteen; man; manu [word]; Vaivasvata; incantation; sacred text.”

• dasyave ← dasyu
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “savage; outcast; mugger.”

• kar ← kaḥ ← kṛ
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

• abhīkam ← abhīka
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “battle; meeting.”

सत्यं सत्यभूतं तत् प्रसिद्धं पवमानस्य सोमस्य स्थानं नु क्षिप्रमस्माकम् अस्तु । यत्र यस्मिन् स्थाने विश्वे सर्वे कारवः स्तोतारः संनसन्त स्तोतुं संगच्छन्ते तत्स्थानमस्तु । अस्य सोमस्य यत् ज्योतिः अह्ने दिवसाय लोकम् आलोकं प्रकाशम् अकृणोत् करोति । उ इत्यवधारणे । तज्ज्योतिः मनुम् एतन्नामानं राजर्षिं प्रावत् प्रकर्षेणारक्षत् । तथा सोमः स्वयं तेजः दस्यवे सर्वस्योपक्षपयित्रेऽसुराय अभीकम् अभिगमनशीलं कः अकार्षीत् । करोतेर्लुङि “ मन्त्रे घस° ’ इति च्लेर्लुक् ॥

English translation:

“May thatplace of the truthful Pavamāna be quickly ours, when all the worshippers assemble (to praise him) the light (of the Soma) which gave manifestation to the day protected Manu– Soma made it triumphant over the Dasyu.”

Now, let this be true of the self-purifying one, this on which all the bards concur:
that he made light for the day and wide space; he furthered Manu but made close quarters for the Dasyu.

Renou tr. pāda a “Que cet (acte) de Pavamāna se réalise donc …” I would prefer this rendering of satyám to the “true” of Geldner and the published translation, but it is even harder to square with the augmented impf. akṛṇot (c) (and probably prā́vat in d, since √av has no injunctives) that expresses the content of the satyám (“true” is bad enough).

Perhaps the poet is suggesting that some have expressed doubt that Soma accomplished the deeds described in cd, even though kārú-s are agreed that he did, and that he (our poet) wants them to be true. This covert skepticism might well be justified, since all the deeds in cd are attributed elsewhere to other gods. On the other hand, see nearby IX.94.5, where Soma is urged to “make broad light” (urú jyótiḥ kṛṇuhi).

Another word for poet or the equivalent, kārú- ‘bard’, is added to the trio in vs. 2.

I do not know if we should see a difference in nuance between the augmented impf. ákṛṇot in c and the injunc. aor. kar in d; the latter is in the same clause as the (probably augmented) impf. prā́vat.

The stem abhī́ka- ‘close quarters, face-to-face’ is elsewhere used in contrast to ‘wide(ness)’, VII.85.1 … uruṣyatām abhī́ke, X.133.1 abhī́ke cid ulokakṛ́t, and this contrast is evident here as well, with the positive ákṛṇod ulokám ending c, and the negative kar abhī́kam in d.

As Oldenberg points out, kar would be better as a heavy syllable; he suggests underlying *karr (← *kar-t). See comm. ad VII.75.1.

Now let this be the truth of Pavamana, there where all singers gather them together,
That he hath given us room and made the daylight, hath holpen Manu and repelled the Dasyu.

Das soll von Pavamana wahr sein, worin alle Dichter übereinkommen, daß er dem Tage Licht schuf und Raum. Er half dem Manu weiter, dem Dasyu schuf er feindliche Begegnung.

Das sei uns nun der wahre Ort des Flammers, an dem die Sänger alle sich vereinen; Der Lichtschein, welcher Raum dem Tage schaffte, der half dem Manu, wehrte ab den Dämon.

Да будет истинным у Паваманы то,
К чему присоединяются все певцы:
Что он создал свет дня и пространство!
Он помог Ману, он оказал сопротивление дасью.

• पवमानः सोमः
• कश्यपः
• निचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (पवमानस्य) जो सबको पवित्र करनेवाला परमात्मा है, उसका (सत्यं) सत्य का स्थान (नु) निश्चय करके (तत् अस्तु) वह है, (यत्र) जिसमें (विश्वे) सब (कारवः) उपासक (सन्नसन्त) संगत होते हैं। (अह्ने) प्रकाश के लिये (यत्) जो (ज्योतिः) ज्योति है (उ) और (लोकमकृणोत्) जो ज्योति ज्ञानरूप प्रकाश को उत्पन्न करती है और (मनुं)विज्ञानी पुरुष की (प्रावत्) रक्षा करती है, उस ज्योति से (दस्यवे) अज्ञानी, असंस्कारी वा अवैदिक पुरुष के लिये (अभीकं) निर्भयता (कः) कौन कर सकता है॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में परमात्मा के सद्रूप का वर्णन किया और उक्त परमात्मा को सब ज्योतियों का प्रकाशक माना है ॥५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (पवमानस्य) यः सर्वेषां पवित्रयिता परमात्मास्ति तस्य (सत्यं) सत्यस्थानं (नु) निश्चयं (तत्, अस्तु) तदस्ति (यत्र) यस्मिन् (विश्वे) सर्वे (कारवः) उपासकाः (सन्नसन्त) सङ्गता भवन्ति (अह्ने) प्रकाशकाय (यत्) यत् (ज्योतिः) ज्योतिरस्ति (उ) तथा च (लोकं, अकृणोत्) यज्ज्योतिः प्रकाशमुत्पादयति (मनुं) विज्ञानिपुरुषञ्च (प्र, आवत्) रक्षति, तस्माज्ज्योतिषः (दस्यवे) अज्ञानिनम्, असंस्कारिणम्, अवैदिकं वा पुरुषं (अभीकं) भयरहितं (कः) कः कर्तुं शक्नोति॥५॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - कश्यपः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

प᳓रि स᳓द्मेव पशुमा᳓न्ति हो᳓ता
रा᳓जा न᳓ सत्यः᳓ स᳓मितीर् इयानः᳓
सो᳓मः पुनानः᳓ कल᳓शाँ अयासीत्
सी᳓दन् मृगो᳓ न᳓ महिषो᳓ व᳓नेषु

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
hótā ← hótar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iva ← iva (invariable)

pári ← pári (invariable)

paśumā́nti ← paśumánt- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

sádma ← sádman- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

iyānáḥ ← √yā- 2 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

ná ← ná (invariable)

rā́jā ← rā́jan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sámitīḥ ← sámiti- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

satyáḥ ← satyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ayāsīt ← √yā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

kaláśān ← kaláśa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

punānáḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sómaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

mahiṣáḥ ← mahiṣá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

mr̥gáḥ ← mr̥gá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)

sī́dan ← √sad- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

váneṣu ← vána- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}

परि॑ । सद्म॑ऽइव । प॒शु॒ऽमन्ति॑ । होता॑ । राजा॑ । न । स॒त्यः । सम्ऽइ॑तीः । इ॒या॒नः ।
सोमः॑ । पु॒ना॒नः । क॒लशा॑न् । अ॒या॒सी॒त् । सीद॑न् । मृ॒गः । न । म॒हि॒षः । वने॑षु ॥

• pari
• [adverb]
• “from; about; around.”

• sadmeva ← sadmā ← sadman
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “seat; house; stable; dwelling.”

• sadmeva ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• paśumānti ← paśumat
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “rich in cattle.”

• hotā ← hotṛ
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Hotṛ.”

• rājā ← rājan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• satyaḥ ← satya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “true; real; real; faithful; good.”

• samitīr ← samitīḥ ← samiti
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “battle; council; assembly; meeting.”

• iyānaḥ ← ī ← √i
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “beg; solicit.”

• somaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• punānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• kalaśāṃ ← kalaśa
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “jar.”

• ayāsīt ← yā
• [verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
• “go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

• sīdan ← sad
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

• mṛgo ← mṛgaḥ ← mṛga
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “game; deer; animal; antelope; mṛga [word]; Mṛgaśiras.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• mahiṣo ← mahiṣaḥ ← mahiṣa
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Old World buffalo; Mahiṣa; Mahiṣa.”

• vaneṣu ← vana
• [noun], locative, plural, neuter
• “forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

होता देवानामाह्वातर्त्विक् पशुमन्ति पशुमतः सद्मेव यज्ञगृहान् यथोपगच्छति । किंच राजा न यथा राजा सत्यः सत्यकर्मा सन् समितीः । संग्रामनामैतत् सम्यक् प्राप्यते योद्धृभिरत्रेति । तान् संग्रामान् इयानः गच्छन् भवति तथा पुनानः सोमः वनेषु वननीयेषु वसतीवर्याख्येषूदकेषु सीदन् मृगो न महिषः महिषाख्यो मृग इवोदकेषु तिष्ठन् कलशान् द्रोणाभिधानान् अयासीत् परियाति । यद्वा । महिषो महान् पूज्यो वा सोमः कलशान् परिगच्छतीति ॥ ॥२॥

English translation:

“As theministrant priest proceeds to the hall where the victim is stationed, as a just king marches to battle, the Soma undergoing purification enters the pitcheers like the wild buffalo in the waters.”

Circling around, like a Hotar circling the seats provided with (sacrificial) animals, going to assemblies like a true king,
Soma being purified has traveled to the tubs, taking his seat like a wild buffalo in the woods [/wooden cups].

Pāda a contains one of the few technical references to the animal sacrifice in the RV. See the almost identical expression in IX.97.1.

Note that satyá- returns here, where ‘true’ or ‘actual, real’ would both work.

As the priest seeks the station rich in cattle, like a true King who goes to great assemblies,
Soma hath sought the beakers while they cleansed him, and like a wild bull, in the wood hath settled.

Wie ein echter Hotri um die Plätze an denen die Opfertiere sind, herumwandelnd, wie ein echter König in die Versammlungen wandelnd, ist der sich läuternde Soma in die Krüge gegangen, wie ein Büffeltier in den Wäldern, in den Holzgefäßen sich niederlassend.

Wie um den vieh-versehnen Sitz der Priester, wie zur Versammlung geht der gute König, So ging jetzt Soma flammend zu den Kufen, sich setzend wie im Wald der wilde Büffel.

Словно хотар, (обходящий) вокруг мест с жертвенными животными,
Словно истинный царь, отправляющийся в собрания,
Сома, очищаясь, отправляется в кувшины,
Усаживаясь в деревянных (сосудах), словно дикий зверь-буйвол в лесах.

• पवमानः सोमः
• कश्यपः
• त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (होता) उक्त परमात्मा का उपासक (पशुमन्ति सद्मेव) ज्ञानागार के सागर (परियाति) उसको प्राप्त होता है। (राजा न) जैसे कि राजा (सत्यः) सत्य का अनुयायी (समितिः) सभा को (इयानः) प्राप्त होता हुआ प्रसन्न होता है, इसी प्रकार विद्वान् ज्ञानागार को प्राप्त होकर प्रसन्न होता है। (सोमः) सर्वोत्पादक परमात्मा (पुनानः) सबको पवित्र करता हुआ (कलशान्) अन्तःकरणों को (अयासीत्) प्राप्त होता है, (न) जैसे कि (महिषो मृगः) बलवाला (वनेषु) वनों में प्राप्त होता है॥६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में राजधर्म का वर्णन है कि जिस प्रकार राजा लोग सत्यासत्य की निर्णय करनेवाली सभा को प्राप्त होते हैं, इसी प्रकार विद्वान् लोग भी न्याय के निर्णय करनेवाली सभाओं को प्राप्त होकर संसार का उद्धार करते हैं ॥ तात्पर्य यह है कि जिस प्रकार राजा लोग अपने न्यायरूपी सत्य से संसार का उद्धार करते हैं, इसी प्रकार विद्वान् लोग अपने सदुपदेशों द्वारा संसार का उद्धार करते हैं॥६॥ यह ९२ वाँ सूक्त और दूसरा वर्ग समाप्त हुआ ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (होता) उक्तपरमात्मोपासकः (पशुमन्ति, सद्मेव) ज्ञानागारमिव तं (परि, याति) प्राप्नोति (राजा, न) यथा राजा (सत्यः) सत्यानुयायी (समितीः) सभाः (इयानः) प्राप्नुवन् प्रसीदति, तथैव विद्वान् ज्ञानागारं प्राप्य प्रसीदति (सोमः) सर्वोत्पादकः परमात्मा (पुनानः) सर्वान् पावयन् (कलशान्) अन्तःकरणानि (अयासीत्) प्राप्नोति (न) यथा (महिषः, मृगः) महाबली (वनेषु) वनेषु प्राप्नोति॥६॥ इति द्विनवतितमं सूक्तं द्वितीयो वर्गश्च समाप्तः॥