०६२

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

एते᳓ असृग्रम् इ᳓न्दवस्
तिरः᳓ पवि᳓त्रम् आश᳓वः
वि᳓श्वानि अभि᳓ सउ᳓भगा

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
asr̥gram ← √sr̥j- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

eté ← eṣá (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

índavaḥ ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

āśávaḥ ← āśú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

pavítram ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

tirás ← tirás (invariable)

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

saúbhagā ← saúbhaga- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

víśvāni ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

ए॒ते । अ॒सृ॒ग्र॒म् । इन्द॑वः । ति॒रः । प॒वित्र॑म् । आ॒शवः॑ ।
विश्वा॑नि । अ॒भि । सौभ॑गा ॥

• ete ← etad
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

• asṛgram ← sṛj
• [verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
• “create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

• indavas ← indavaḥ ← indu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• tiraḥ ← tiras
• [adverb]
• “tiras [word]; away; secretly.”

• pavitram ← pavitra
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “strainer.”

• āśavaḥ ← āśu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “quick; fast; immediate; agile.”

• viśvāny ← viśvāni ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• saubhagā ← saubhaga
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “well-being.”

आशवः शीघ्राः एते पवमानाः इन्दवः सोमाः विश्वानि सर्वाणि सौभगा सौभगानि धनान्यभिलक्ष्य पवित्रं तिरः असृग्रम् ऋत्विग्भिः सृज्यन्ते ॥

English translation:

“These rapid Soma juices have directed through the filter (to obtain) all good things.”

These drops have surged, swift across the filter,
toward all gifts of good fortune. ᳓

THESE rapid Soma-drops have been poured through the purifying sieve
To bring us all felicities.

Diese Säfte, die Renner, haben sich durch die Seihe ergossen, um alle Glücksgüter zu gewinnen.

Ergossen sind die Tropfen hier die schnellen durch das Somasieb Für uns zu allem hohen Glück,

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

विघ्न᳓न्तो दुरिता᳓ पुरु᳓
सुगा᳓ तोका᳓य वाजि᳓नः
त᳓ना कृण्व᳓न्तो अ᳓र्वते

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
duritā́ ← duritá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

purú ← purú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

vighnántaḥ ← √han- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sugā́ ← sugá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

tokā́ya ← toká- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

vājínaḥ ← vājín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, number:PL}

árvate ← árvant- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

kr̥ṇvántaḥ ← √kr̥- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

tánā ← tán- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}

वि॒ऽघ्नन्तः॑ । दुः॒ऽइ॒ता । पु॒रु । सु॒ऽगा । तो॒काय॑ । वा॒जिनः॑ ।
तना॑ । कृ॒ण्वन्तः॑ । अर्व॑ते ॥

• vighnanto ← vighnantaḥ ← vihan ← √han
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “obstruct; cancel out; restrict.”

• duritā ← durita
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “danger; sin; difficulty; difficulty; evil.”

• puru
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “many; much(a); very.”

• sugā ← suga
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter

• tokāya ← toka
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “offspring.”

• vājinaḥ ← vājin
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “victorious; triumphant; strong; gainful.”

• tanā ← tan
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “continuity; sequence; longevity.”

• kṛṇvanto ← kṛṇvantaḥ ← kṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

• arvate ← arvant
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “horse.”

वाजिनः बलवन्तः सोमाः पुरु बहूनि दुरिता दुरितानि विघ्नन्तः विशेषेण नाशयन्तः तोकाय अस्माकं पुत्राय अर्वते अश्वाय च सुगा सुखानि तना धनानि च कृण्वन्तः कुर्वन्तः तिरः पवित्रं सृज्यन्त इति संबन्धः ॥

English translation:

“Powerful, repelling evils, bestowing happiness and riches upon our sons and horses.”

The prize-seekers, smashing apart the many obstacles to progress, making the ways easy going for our offspring
and for our steed by their own extension,

This vs. has no finite verb, just two nom. pl. participles. With its nom. pl. subj. it can be dependent on vs. 1 or vs. 3 (or both); I prefer anticipatory dependence on vs. 3 because of the repetition of kṛṇvántaḥ and the parallel datives.

Note the juxtaposition of the opposites duritā́lit. ‘ill-goings’ (pāda a) and sugā́lit.

‘good-goings’ (pāda b), formed with two different verbs of motion (√i, √gā). It is difficult to capture this relationship in Engl. without awkwardness, as the literal tr. just given demonstrate.

My tr. follows Geldner in taking árvate parallel to tokā́ya “for our offsping and for our steed”; I am somewhat tempted to take árvate as an anticipatory parallel to gáve in 3a, with which it forms a more natural class (“making wide space for our steed and for our cow”), but I can’t see how to do that without brutally splitting up 2c, since kṛṇvántaḥ is required to govern sugā́in 2b.

Dispelling manifold mishap, giving the courser’s progeny,
Yea, and the warrior steed, success.

Die Sieghaften, die die vielen Fährlichkeiten brechen und unserem Samen und unserem Rennpferd durch ihren Fortgang gute Bahnen bereiten.

Verjagend vieles Ungemach, die raschen, schaffend freie Bahn Dem Stamm, den Rossen fort und fort.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

कृण्व᳓न्तो व᳓रिवो ग᳓वे
अभि᳓ अर्षन्ति सुष्टुति᳓म्
इ᳓ळाम् अस्म᳓भ्य° संय᳓तम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
gáve ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

kr̥ṇvántaḥ ← √kr̥- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

várivaḥ ← várivas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

arṣanti ← √arṣ- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

suṣṭutím ← suṣṭutí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

asmábhyam ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:PL}

íḷām ← íḷā- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

saṁyátam ← saṁyát- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

कृ॒ण्वन्तः॑ । वरि॑वः । गवे॑ । अ॒भि । अ॒र्ष॒न्ति॒ । सु॒ऽस्तु॒तिम् ।
इळा॑म् । अ॒स्मभ्य॑म् । स॒म्ऽयत॑म् ॥

• kṛṇvanto ← kṛṇvantaḥ ← kṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

• varivo ← varivaḥ ← varivas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “room; varivas [word]; space; escape.”

• gave ← go
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

• ‘bhy ← abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• arṣanti ← ṛṣ
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “run.”

• suṣṭutim ← suṣṭuti
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “hymn; praise.”

• iﾱām ← iḍā
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “refreshment; iḍā [word]; comfort; cow.”

• asmabhyaṃ ← asmabhyam ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• saṃyatam ← saṃyat
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “continuous.”

अस्माकं गवे अस्मभ्यं च संयतं यदस्मान् संयच्छति तत् वरिवः धनम् इळाम् अन्नं च कृण्वन्तः कुर्वन्तः सोमाः सुष्टुतिम् अस्मदीयां शोभनां स्तुतिम् अभ्यर्षन्ति आभिमुख्येन गच्छन्ति ॥

English translation:

“They advance towards our fair praise, granting to (us and) our cattle sustaining wealth and food.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Sustaining: saṃyatam = yad asmān saṃyacchati, that which supports us

Making a wide realm for the cow, they rush toward the lovely
praise hymn,
toward lasting refreshment for us. ᳓

Bringing prosperity to kine, they make perpetual Ila flow
To us for noble eulogy.

Dem Winde Wohlfahrt verschaffend fließen sie zu schönem Loblied und für uns zu anhaltendem Segen.

Sie strömen zu dem Lobgesang dem Rinde schaffend freien Raum, Uns Labetrunk, der nie versiegt.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• ककुम्मतीगायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अ᳓सावि अंशु᳓र् म᳓दाय
अप्सु᳓ द᳓क्षो गिरिष्ठाः᳐᳓
श्येनो᳓ न᳓ यो᳓निम् आ᳓सदत्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Trochaic gāyatrī; see Oldenberg (1888) 25 and Vedic Metre (Arnold, 1905) 165.
genre M;; Trochaic gāyatrī; see Oldenberg (1888) 25 and Vedic Metre (Arnold, 1905) 165.
genre M;; Trochaic gāyatrī; see Oldenberg (1888) 25 and Vedic Metre (Arnold, 1905) 165.

Morph
aṁśúḥ ← aṁśú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ásāvi ← √su- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:PASS}

mádāya ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

apsú ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

dákṣaḥ ← dákṣa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

giriṣṭhā́ḥ ← giriṣṭhā́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

asadat ← √sad- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

ná ← ná (invariable)

śyenáḥ ← śyená- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

yónim ← yóni- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

असा॑वि । अं॒शुः । मदा॑य । अ॒प्ऽसु । दक्षः॑ । गि॒रि॒ऽस्थाः ।
श्ये॒नः । न । योनि॑म् । आ । अ॒स॒द॒त् ॥

• asāvy ← asāvi ← su
• [verb], singular, Aorist passive
• “press out; su.”

• aṃśur ← aṃśuḥ ← aṃśu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “sunbeam; beam; aṃśu [word]; thread.”

• madāyāpsu ← madāya ← mada
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

• madāyāpsu ← apsu ← ap
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• dakṣo ← dakṣaḥ ← dakṣa
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “deft; right; intelligent; expert.”

• giriṣṭhāḥ ← giriṣṭhā
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• śyeno ← śyenaḥ ← śyena
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “hawk; bird of prey; falcon; Śyena; eagle; śyena [word]; Śyena.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• yonim ← yoni
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “vagina; vulva; uterus; beginning; origin; reincarnation; birthplace; family; production; cause; race; grain; raw material; birth; kind; caste; kinship; bed.”

• āsadat ← āsad ← √sad
• [verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
• “approach; attack; sit down; approach; find; arrive.”

गिरिष्ठाः पर्वते जातः अंशुः सोमः मदाय मदार्थम् असावि अभिषुतः । अप्सु वसतीवरीषु दक्षः प्रवृद्धश्च भवति । किंच श्येनो न यथा श्येनो वेगेनागत्य स्थानमासीदति तद्वदयं सोमो योनिं स्वकीयं स्थानम् आसदत् आसीदति ॥

English translation:

“The mountain-born Soma flows for exhilaration, mighty in the (vasatīvarī) waters; he alights like a falcon on his own plural ce.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Amśu may also be interpreted as metal-streaks in an ore block (Kalyan)

The plant has been pressed in the waters for exhilaration, the potent one abiding on a mountain.
Like a falcon he has sat on his womb.

As in IX.61.18 I take dákṣa- adjectivally (so also Geldner, Renou); even more than in that passage, a noun interpr. is difficult: “… the skill, abiding on a mountain”? The loc. apsú and the locativally used stem giri- implicitly contrast.

Strong, mountain-born, the stalk hath been
pressed in the streams for rapturous joy:
Hawk-like he settles in his home.

Der Stengel ward zum Rauschtrank ins Wasser ausgepreßt, der wirksame, auf dem Berge gewachsene. Wie ein Falke ins Nest hat er sich an seinen Platz gesetzt.

Zum Rausche ist das Kraut gepresst, in Flut der starke Bergesfürst, Er setzt sich wie ein Aar ins Nest.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• पिपीलिकामध्यागायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अप्सु दक्षः) क्रियाओं में कुशल (गिरिष्ठाः श्येनः न) मेघ में स्थित विद्युत् के समान शीघ्रकारी (अंशुः) तेजस्वी सेनापति (असावि) ईश्वर से पैदा किया गया (योनिम् आसदत्) अपनी पदवी को ग्रहण करता है॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - उक्त गुणसम्पन्न सेनापति ईश्वर की आज्ञा से उत्पन्न होता है। तात्पर्य यह है कि ईश्वर उपदेश करता है कि मनुष्यों ! तुम उक्तगुणोंवाले पुरुष को सेनापति मानो और ऐसे सेनापतियों से राजधर्म का दृढ़ प्रबन्ध करके रक्षा का प्रचार करो॥४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अप्सु दक्षः) क्रियाकुशलः (गिरिष्ठाः श्येनः न) मेघस्थितविद्युदिव शीघ्रकारी (अंशुः) तेजस्वी सेनाधीशः (असावि) ईश्वरत उत्पन्नः (योनिम् आसदत्) स्वपदवीं गृह्णाति ॥४॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

शुभ्र᳓म् अ᳓न्धो देव᳓वातम्
अप्सु᳓ धूतो᳓ नृ᳓भिः सुतः᳓
स्व᳓दन्ति गा᳓वः प᳓योभिः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Trochaic gāyatrī; see Oldenberg (1888) 25 and Vedic Metre (Arnold, 1905) 165.
genre M;; Trochaic gāyatrī; see Oldenberg (1888) 25 and Vedic Metre (Arnold, 1905) 165.
genre M;; Trochaic gāyatrī; see Oldenberg (1888) 25 and Vedic Metre (Arnold, 1905) 165.

Morph
ándhaḥ ← ándhas- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

devávātam ← devávāta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

śubhrám ← śubhrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

apsú ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

dhūtáḥ ← √dhū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

nŕ̥bhiḥ ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

sutáḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

gā́vaḥ ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

páyobhiḥ ← páyas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:PL}

svádanti ← √svad- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

शु॒भ्रम् । अन्धः॑ । दे॒वऽवा॑तम् । अ॒प्ऽसु । धू॒तः । नृऽभिः॑ । सु॒तः ।
स्वद॑न्ति । गावः॑ । पयः॑ऽभिः ॥

• śubhram ← śubhra
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “white; beautiful; attractive; śubhra [word]; light.”

• andho ← andhaḥ ← andhas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “Soma; drink; amṛta.”

• devavātam ← deva
• [noun], masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• devavātam ← vātam ← van
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “obtain; gain; desire; get; like; love; overcome.”

• apsu ← ap
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• dhūto ← dhūtaḥ ← dhū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “shake; remove; chase away.”

• nṛbhiḥ ← nṛ
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

• sutaḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• svadanti ← svad
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “sweeten.”

• gāvaḥ ← go
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

• payobhiḥ ← payas
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
• “milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”

यत् देववातं देवैः प्रार्थितं शुभ्रं शोभनम् अन्धः अन्नं गावः पशवः पयोभिः आशिरैः स्वदन्ति स्वादयन्ति सोऽयं सोमः नृभिः नेतृभिर्ऋत्विग्भिः सुतः अभिषुतः सन् अप्सु वसतीवरीषु धूतः शोधितो भवति ॥ ॥ २४ ॥

English translation:

“The cattle sweeten with their milk the beautiful food that is asked for by the gods; the Soma when effused by the priests is cleansed in the water.”

The beautiful stalk coveted by the gods—(the soma) rinsed in the waters, pressed by men—
do the cows sweeten with their milk.

The fluent Engl. of the tr. conceals a syntactic problem: soma should be the obj. of the verb svádanti in c, and the first pāda, which is entirely in the neuter, with the NP led by ándhas-, allows such an acc. interpr. However, the intermediate pāda (b) is stubbornly in the masc. nominative (dhūtáḥ … sutáḥ). We must either take b as a parenthetical nominal clause, as Geldner and I do, or take ab as entirely in the nominative (as Renou may do - his structure is not entirely clear) as a separate nominal clause, and supply a resumptive pronominal acc. for c.

Fair is the God-loved juice; the plant is washed in waters, pressed by men
The milch-kine sweeten it with milk.

Den sauberen gottbegehrten Trank - im Wasser geschwenkt, von Männern ausgepreßt ist der Soma - machen die Kühe mit ihrer Milch schmackhaft.

Den hellen gottbegehrten Trank, in Flut gespült, vom Volk gepresst, Versüssen Kühe durch die Milch.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (देववातम्) उस दिव्यगुणसम्पन्न सेनाधिप की रक्षा से सुरक्षित तथा (नृभिः सुतः) प्रजाओं द्वारा पैदा किये गये जो अन्न (अप्सु धूतः) और जो जल से शुद्ध किया गया है (शुभ्रम् अन्धः) वीर्य और बुद्धि के वर्धक उस उज्ज्वल अन्न को (गावः पयोभिः) भली-भाँति जो कि गऊ के दुग्ध से संस्कृत है, ऐसे अन्न को (स्वदन्ति) प्रजागण उपभोग करते हैं॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जिस देश में प्रजा की रक्षा करनेवाले सेनाधीश होते हैं, उस देश की प्रजा नाना प्रकार के अन्नों को दुग्ध से मिश्रित करके उपभोग करती है। तात्पर्य यह है कि राजधर्म से सुरक्षित ही ऐश्वर्य को भोग सकते हैं, अन्य नहीं, इसलिये परमात्मा ने इस मन्त्र में राजधर्म का उपदेश किया है॥५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (देववातम्) दिव्यगुणसम्पन्नस्य रक्षयोत्पन्नं तथा (नृभिः सुतः) प्रजाभिरुत्पादितं (अप्सु धूतः) जलैः शुद्धं च (शुभ्रम् अन्धः) वीर्यबुद्धिवर्धनेन उज्ज्वलम् अन्नं (गावः पयोभिः) गोदुग्धसंस्कृतं (स्वदन्ति) प्रजा उपभुञ्जते ॥५॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓द् ईम् अ᳓श्वं न᳓ हे᳓तारो
अ᳓शूशुभन्न् अमृ᳓ताय
म᳓ध्वो र᳓सं सधमा᳓दे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Trochaic gāyatrī; see Oldenberg (1888) 25 and Vedic Metre (Arnold, 1905) 165.
genre M;; Trochaic gāyatrī; see Oldenberg (1888) 25 and Vedic Metre (Arnold, 1905) 165.
genre M;; Trochaic gāyatrī; see Oldenberg (1888) 25 and Vedic Metre (Arnold, 1905) 165.

Morph
áśvam ← áśva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́t ← ā́t (invariable)

hétāraḥ ← hétar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

īm ← īm (invariable)

ná ← ná (invariable)

amŕ̥tāya ← amŕ̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

áśūśubhan ← √śubh- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

mádhvaḥ ← mádhu- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

rásam ← rása- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sadhamā́de ← sadhamā́da- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

आत् । ई॒म् । अश्व॑म् । न । हेता॑रः । अशू॑शुभन् । अ॒मृता॑य ।
मध्वः॑ । रस॑म् । स॒ध॒ऽमादे॑ ॥

• ād ← āt
• [adverb]
• “then.”

• īm ← īṃ
• [adverb]

• aśvaṃ ← aśvam ← aśva
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• hetāro ← hetāraḥ ← hetṛ
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• ‘śūśubhann ← aśūśubhan ← śubh
• [verb], plural, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)
• “look; shine; beautify.”

• amṛtāya ← amṛta
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “amṛta; immortality; vatsanābha; ambrosia; mercury; medicine; vighasa; calcium hydroxide.”

• madhvo ← madhvaḥ ← madhu
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “sweet; deft.”

• rasaṃ ← rasam ← rasa
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “mercury; juice; medicine; rasa; alchemy; liquid; Rasa; mahārasa; taste; broth; elixir; resin; rasa; essence; six; water; soup; liquid body substance; rasa; formulation; myrrh; rasa [word]; amṛta; purpose; delight; solution; milk; beverage; alcohol; sap; nectar; Rasātala.”

• sadhamāde ← sadhamāda
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “banquet; party; drink.”

आत् अनन्तरं हेतारः प्रेरका ऋत्विजः सधमादे यज्ञे ईम् एनं मध्वः मदकरस्य सोमस्य रसम् अमृताय अमरणाय अश्वं न अश्वमिव अशूशुभन् शोभयन्ति ॥

English translation:

“Then the ministering priests in the assembly beautify the dice of exhilarating (Soma) like a horse, for the sake of immortality.”

Then, like drivers a horse, they have beautified him for the immortal, the sap of honey for joint revelry. ᳓

As drivers deck a courser, so have they adorned the meath’s juice for
Ambrosia, for the festival.

Und sie haben ihn wie die Treiber das Roß für den Unsterblichen schön gemacht, den Saft des süßen bei dem Opfergelage.

Jetzt schmückten sie des Methes Saft gleich wie ein Ross die Treiber aus, Zum Mahle dem Unsterblichen.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सधमादे) यज्ञस्थलों में (आत्) आनन्दित होने के अनन्तर (होतारः) प्रार्थयिता प्रजा लोग (अश्वम् न) शीघ्र हीराष्ट्र भर में व्यापक(मध्वः रसम्) मधुरस के समान आस्वादनीय आनन्द का (अमृताय) फिर भी सुरक्षित होने के लिये (अशूशुभन्) स्तुति द्वारा सुभूषित करते हैं॥६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो लोग कर्मकाण्डी बनकर यज्ञ करते हैं, वे लोग अपने शुभ कर्मों से प्रजा को विभूषित करते हैं॥६॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सधमादे) यज्ञस्थलेषु (आत्) आनन्दिते सति (हेतारः) प्रार्थयितृप्रजाः (अश्वन्न) आशु राष्ट्रव्यापकं (मध्वो रसः) मधुरस इवास्वादनीयम् आनन्दं (अमृताय) भूयोऽपि सुगोप्तुं (अशूशुभन्) नुतिपूर्वकं सुभूषयन्ति ॥६॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

या᳓स् ते धा᳓रा मधुश्चु᳓तो
अ᳓सृग्रम् इन्द ऊत᳓ये
ता᳓भिः पवि᳓त्रम् आ᳓सदः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
dhā́rāḥ ← dhā́rā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

madhuścútaḥ ← madhuścút- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

yā́ḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

ásr̥gram ← √sr̥j- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

indo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ūtáye ← ūtí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

asadaḥ ← √sad- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

pavítram ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

tā́bhiḥ ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

याः । ते॒ । धाराः॑ । म॒धु॒ऽश्चुतः॑ । असृ॑ग्रम् । इ॒न्दो॒ इति॑ । ऊ॒तये॑ ।
ताभिः॑ । प॒वित्र॑म् । आ । अ॒स॒दः॒ ॥

• yās ← yāḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• dhārā ← dhārāḥ ← dhārā
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

• madhuścuto ← madhuścutaḥ ← madhuścut
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine

• ‘sṛgram ← asṛgram ← sṛj
• [verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
• “create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

• inda ← indo ← indu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• ūtaye ← ūti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “aid; favor; ūti [word].”

• tābhiḥ ← tad
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• pavitram ← pavitra
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “strainer.”

• āsadaḥ ← āsad ← √sad
• [verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
• “approach; attack; sit down; approach; find; arrive.”

हे इन्दो सोम ते तव मधुश्चुतः मधुररसस्य श्चोतयित्र्यः याः धाराः ऊतये रक्षणाय असृग्रं सृज्यन्ते ताभिः धाराभिस्त्वं पवित्रम् आसदः आसीद ॥

English translation:

“Sit down, Indu, on the filter with those streams the shedders of sweet (juice), which are let fall for our protection.”

Your streams, dripping with honey, which have surged for our aid, o drop,
with them you have sat down on the filter. ᳓

Thou, Indu, with thy streams that drop sweet juices, which were poured for
help,
Hast settled in the cleansing sieve.

Deine Ströme, die von Süßem triefen, wurden laufen gelassen uns zur Hilfe, o Saft; mit diesen hast du dich in die Seihe gesetzt.

Mit deinen Strömen, die zum Schutz an Honig reich ergossen sind, O Indu, fliesse in das Sieb.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे कर्मप्रधान सेनापति ! (याः) जो (मधुश्चुतः) आनन्द की वर्षा करनेवाली आपकी (धाराः) अनेक शाखाएँ (ऊतये) प्रजाओं के रक्षणार्थ (असृग्रम्) इधर-उधर फैली हुईहैं(ताभिः) उनसे (पवित्रम्) सत्कर्मी को (आसदः) अनुगृहीत करिये॥७॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा उपदेश करता है कि सेनाधीश अपनी सुरक्षारूप वृष्टि से प्रजाओं को आनन्द से सुसिञ्चित करे॥७॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे कर्मप्रधानसेनापते ! (याः) याः (मधुश्चुतः) मोदवृष्टिकारिण्यो त्वदीयाः (धाराः) बह्व्यः शाखाः (ऊतये) जनरक्षणाय (असृग्रम्) इतस्ततो व्याप्ताः सन्ति (ताभिः) ताभिः (पवित्रम्) सत्कर्म कुर्वाणम् (आसदः) अनुगृहाण ॥७॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

सो᳓ अर्षे᳓न्द्राय पीत᳓ये
तिरो᳓ रो᳓माणि अव्य᳓या
सी᳓दन् यो᳓ना व᳓नेषु आ᳓

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
arṣa ← √arṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

índrāya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

pītáye ← pītí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

sáḥ ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

avyáyā ← avyáya- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

rómāṇi ← róman- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

tirás ← tirás (invariable)

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

sī́dan ← √sad- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

váneṣu ← vána- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}

yónā ← yóni- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

सः । अ॒र्ष॒ । इन्द्रा॑य । पी॒तये॑ । ति॒रः । रोमा॑णि । अ॒व्यया॑ ।
सीद॑न् । योना॑ । वने॑षु । आ ॥

• so ← saḥ ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• arṣendrāya ← arṣa ← ṛṣ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “run.”

• arṣendrāya ← indrāya ← indra
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• pītaye ← pā
• [verb noun]
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• tiro ← tiras
• [adverb]
• “tiras [word]; away; secretly.”

• romāṇy ← romāṇi ← roman
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “hair; bristle; mane.”

• avyayā ← avyaya
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “sheep.”

• sīdan ← sad
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

• yonā ← yoni
• [noun], locative, singular, feminine
• “vagina; vulva; uterus; beginning; origin; reincarnation; birthplace; family; production; cause; race; grain; raw material; birth; kind; caste; kinship; bed.”

• vaneṣv ← vaneṣu ← vana
• [noun], locative, plural, neuter
• “forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

हे सोम सः अभिषुतस्त्वम् अव्यया अव्ययानि अविमयानि रोमाणि वालानि तिरः तिरस्कुर्वन् वनेषु पात्रेषु योना योनौ स्थाने आ सीदन् इन्द्राय इन्द्रस्य पीतये पानाय अर्ष क्षर ॥

English translation:

“Passing obliquely through the sheep’s hairs, hasten for Indra’s drinking, sitting in your plural ce in the wooden vessels.”

Rush, for Indra to drink, across the sheep’s fleece,
sitting on your womb, in the wooden (vessels). ᳓

So flow thou onward through the fleece, for Indra flow, to be his drink,
Finding thine home in vats of wood.

Rinne du für Indra zum Trank über die Schafhaare und setze dich auf deinen Platz in den Holzgefäßen!

So fliess dem Indu denn zum Trunk durchs Widderhaar und setze dich Auf deinen Sitz, das Holzgefäss.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे स्वामिन् ! (सः) पूर्वोक्त आप (योना आसीदन्) अपने पद पर स्थित होते हुए (वनेषु) अपने राष्ट्र में (इन्द्राय पीतये) विज्ञानी की तृप्ति के लिये (अर्ष) व्याप्तिशील होवें (तिरः रोमाणि अव्यया) और अन्तर्हित जीवों को भी रोम-रोम प्रति अव्यय अर्थात् दृढ़ रक्षित करिये॥८॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में यह प्रतिपादन किया गया है कि राजधर्म की रक्षा द्वारा देश में ज्ञान और विज्ञानी की वृद्धि होती है॥८॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे प्रभो ! (सः) पूर्वोक्तस्त्वं (योना आसीदन्) स्वपदे तिष्ठन् (वनेषु) स्वराष्ट्रे (इन्द्राय पीतये) विज्ञानिनां तृप्तये (अर्ष) व्यापको भव (तिरः रोमाणि अव्यया) अथ चान्तर्हितजीवात्मानां समस्तरोमाणि रक्षय ॥८॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तुव᳓म् इन्दो प᳓रि स्रव
स्वा᳓दिष्ठो अ᳓ङ्गिरोभियः
वरिवोवि᳓द् घृत᳓म् प᳓यः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
indo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

pári ← pári (invariable)

srava ← √sru- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

áṅgirobhyaḥ ← áṅgiras- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

svā́diṣṭhaḥ ← svā́diṣṭha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ghr̥tám ← ghr̥tá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

páyaḥ ← páyas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

varivovít ← varivovíd- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

त्वम् । इ॒न्दो॒ इति॑ । परि॑ । स्र॒व॒ । स्वादि॑ष्ठः । अङ्गि॑रःऽभ्यः ।
व॒रि॒वः॒ऽवित् । घृ॒तम् । पयः॑ ॥

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• indo ← indu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• pari
• [adverb]
• “from; about; around.”

• srava ← sru
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “discharge; issue; run; filter; discharge; liquefy; ejaculate; fail; disappear; leak; fester.”

• svādiṣṭho ← svādiṣṭhaḥ ← svādiṣṭha
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• aṅgirobhyaḥ ← aṅgiras
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “Aṅgiras; Aṅgiras; Brahman; Atharva-Veda; aṅgiras [word]; Aṅgiras.”

• varivovid ← varivaḥ ← varivas
• [noun], neuter
• “room; varivas [word]; space; escape.”

• varivovid ← vid
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “finding.”

• ghṛtam ← ghṛta
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “ghee; fat.”

• payaḥ ← payas
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”

हे इन्दो सोम स्वादिष्टः स्वादुतमः वरिवोवित् अस्मदभिलषितस्य धनस्य लम्भकश्च त्वम् अङ्गिरोभ्यः अङ्गिरसामर्थाय घृतम् आज्यं पयः च परि स्रव परिक्षर ॥

English translation:

“Indu, who are most sweet-flavoured, the bestower of riches, drop for the Aṅgirasas butter and milk.”

You, o drop, stream around—sweetest for the Aṅgirases,
finding a wide realm—to the ghee, the milk.

The metaphorical universe of the soma hymns makes it difficult to interpr. the phrase ghṛtám páyaḥ, lit. “ghee (and) milk.” In the published translation I take the phrase as the ultimate goal of pári srava, referring to the milk with which the soma will be mixed after its trip across the filter. See the esp. explicit IX.31.5 túbhyaṃ gā́vo ghṛtám páyah … dudhré “For you the cows have milked out ghee and milk,” which identifies the phrase as referring to substance(s) that the cows produce for soma, real dairy products. But soma is also sometimes compared to milk and to ghee (e.g., IX.74.4), and so the phrase can also be an appositive metaphorically characterizing the subject soma, accounting for Geldner’s “Laufe du … als Schmalz und Milch.” However, our 5c svádanti gā́vo páyobhiḥ “the cows sweeten (soma) with their milk” suggests that the milk and ghee in this vs. are likewise firmly bovine

• though see 20b below.

As giving room and freedom, as most sweet, pour butter forth and milk,
O Indu, for the Angirases.

Laufe du, der Süßeste, ab, für die Angira´s einen Ausweg findend, o Saft, als Schmalz und Milch!

O Indu, ströme fette Milch ringsum, der Segen du verleihst, Du süssester, den Angiras.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे तेजस्विन् ! (त्वम्) आप (स्वादिष्ठः) परमप्रियहैं और (वरिवोविद्) सब प्रजाओं के धनों के प्रापयिता हैं (अङ्गिरोभ्यः) आप विद्वानों के लिये (घृतम् पयः)घृत-दुग्धादि पदार्थ (परिस्रव) उत्पन्न करिये॥९॥

भावार्थभाषाः - प्रजाओं को चाहिये कि वे सदैव अपने राजपुरुषों से ऐश्वर्य की प्रार्थना करके संसार में ऐश्वर्य बढ़ाने का यत्न करें॥९॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे तेजस्विन् ! (त्वम्) भवान् (स्वादिष्ठः) परमप्रियोऽस्ति अथ च (वरिवोवित्) सर्वप्रजानां धनप्रापकोऽस्ति। (अङ्गिरोभ्यः) भवान् विद्वद्भ्यः (घृतम् पयः) घृतदुग्धादिपदार्थान् (परिस्रव) उत्पादयतु ॥९॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अयं᳓ वि᳓चर्षणिर् हितः᳓
प᳓वमानः स᳓ चेतति
हिन्वान᳓ आ᳓पियम् बृह᳓त्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ayám ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

hitáḥ ← √hi- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

vícarṣaṇiḥ ← vícarṣaṇi- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

cetati ← √cit- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

pávamānaḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́pyam ← ā́pya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

br̥hát ← br̥hánt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

hinvānáḥ ← √hi- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

अ॒यम् । विऽच॑र्षणिः । हि॒तः । पव॑मानः । सः । चे॒त॒ति॒ ।
हि॒न्वा॒नः । आप्य॑म् । बृ॒हत् ॥

• ayaṃ ← ayam ← idam
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• vicarṣaṇir ← vicarṣaṇiḥ ← vicarṣaṇi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “excellent.”

• hitaḥ ← hi
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

• pavamānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• cetati ← cit
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “notice; observe; attend to; intend.”

• hinvāna ← hinvānaḥ ← hi
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

• āpyam ← āpya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “friendship.”

• bṛhat
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

विचर्षणिः विद्रष्टा हितः पात्रेषु निहितः पवमानः अयं सोमः आप्यम् अप्सु भवं बृहत् महदन्नं हिन्वानः प्रेरयन् चेतति सर्वैः ज्ञायते ॥ ॥ २५ ॥

English translation:

“This all-seeing Pavamāna Soma deposited (in the vessels), sending forth abundant (food), the product of the waters, is known (by all).”

Here has the limitless one been established; purifying himself, he takes note of
lofty friendship while being impelled.

Several items in this vs. present choices of interpr., none of which are strongly either favored or disfavored.

The first issue is hitáḥ: as often in this maṇḍala (cf. comm. ad IX.1.2, 44.2, etc.), it could belong either to √dhā or to √hi. The presence of a verb form belonging undeniably to the latter, hinvānáḥ in c, cuts both ways, as the poet could either be reinforcing the sense by duplicate forms of the same root or making a pun utilizing two different roots. In a similar situation in IX.44.2, with hitáḥ … hinve, I opted to take both to √hi (though not with any emphatic feeling about it), while here I take hitá- to √dhā, as a pun (again, not emphatically). The deciding factor here for me is the deictic demon. ayám ‘right here’, which may point to the current location of the soma, expressed by ‘established, placed’. Renou also takes it to √dhā, but Geldner to √hi.

The other uncertainty in the vs. is how to construe ā́pyam bṛhát “lofty friendship”: is it the complement of cetati or of hinvānáḥ – which brings up the further question of the function of the latter participle. Med. hinváte, etc., can either take an obj. or be passive; in particular the part. hinvāná- is about evenly split. For a nearby pass. form, see, e.g., IX.64.9; for a nearby transitive form, see IX.63.7 hinvānó mā́nuṣīr apáḥ. Both Geldner and Renou take it as tr.

here (e.g., “die hohe Freundschaft zur eile treibend”), while I have chosen to take it as passive and to construe the acc. with cetati, on the grounds that I don’t know what it would mean to “impel friendship” (though such an image is well within the potential range of a RVic poet). Gotō (1st class, 139) takes it as I do.

Most active and benevolent, this Pavamana, sent to us
For lofty friendship, meditates.

Wenn dieser Ausgezeichnete zum Lauf getrieben ist, so tut er sich bei seiner Läuterung hervor, die hohe Freundschaft zur Eile treibend.

Entsandt ist dieser thätige, und es erscheint der flammende, Der hold den hohen Freunden ist.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सः अयम्) यह सेनापति (विचर्षणिः) प्रजाओं को विशेषरूप से देखनेवाला (हितः) और सबका हितकारक (पवमानः) दुष्टों को दण्ड द्वारा शुद्ध करता हुआ (बृहत् आप्यं हिन्वानः) बहुत से भोग्य पदार्थों को उत्पन्न कराता हुआ (चेतति) सर्वथा जाग्रदवस्था सेविराजमान हैं॥१०॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो सेनापति अपने कर्म में तत्पर रहता है अर्थात् राजधर्म का यथाविधि पालन करता है, वह प्रजा में सब प्रकार से सुख उत्पन्न करता है॥१०॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सः अयम्) असौ सेनापतिः (विचर्षणिः) प्रजाहितदृष्टिः (हितः) तथा सर्वहितकारकः (पवमानः) दुष्टान् दण्डेन शोधयन् (बृहत् आप्यं हिन्वानः) अनेकविधभोज्यपदार्थमुत्पादयन् (चेतति) सर्वथा जागरणावस्थया विराजते ॥१०॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

एष᳓ वृ᳓षा वृ᳓षव्रतः
प᳓वमानो अशस्तिहा᳓
क᳓रद् व᳓सूनि दाशु᳓षे

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
eṣá ← eṣá (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vŕ̥ṣavrataḥ ← vŕ̥ṣavrata- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

aśastihā́ ← aśastihán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

pávamānaḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

dāśúṣe ← dāśváṁs- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

kárat ← √kr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

vásūni ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

ए॒षः । वृषा॑ । वृष॑ऽव्रतः । पव॑मानः । अ॒श॒स्ति॒ऽहा ।
कर॑त् । वसू॑नि । दा॒शुषे॑ ॥

• eṣa ← etad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

• vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

• vṛṣavrataḥ ← vṛṣa ← vṛṣan
• [noun], masculine
• “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

• vṛṣavrataḥ ← vrataḥ ← vrata
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”

• pavamāno ← pavamānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• aśastihā ← aśasti
• [noun], feminine
• “hex.”

• aśastihā ← hā ← han
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “killing; curative; destroying; removing; māraka; stabbing.”

• karad ← karat ← kṛ
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

• vasūni ← vasu
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

• dāśuṣe ← dāś
• [verb noun], dative, singular
• “sacrifice; give.”

वृषा कामानां सेक्ता वृषव्रतः वृषकर्मा अशस्तिहा राक्षसानां हन्ता पवमानः एषः सोमः दाशुषे हविषां दात्रे यजमानाय वसूनि धनानि करत् करोति । प्रयच्छतीत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“This Pavamāna Soma, the sprinkler (of benefits), engaged in sprinkling, the destroyer of rākṣasas, bestows riches upon the donor (of the oblation).”

This bull following his bullish commandments, purifying himself, smashing malediction,
will provide goods for the pious.

The nom. pávamānaḥ in b is helpful in identifying the referent as Soma, in that both vṛ́ṣā ‘bull’ (and related vṛ́ṣa-vrataḥ) and aśastihā́could be (and are) just as well used of Indra.

Queller of curses, mighty, with strong sway, this Pavamana shall
Bring treasures to the worshipper.

Dieser Bulle von bullenhaftem Wirken, der Pavamana, der die hämischen Reden niederschlägt, möge dem Opferspender Schätze verschaffen.

Der Stier, der Stieres Werke thut, der flammende, der Flucher tilgt, Verschaffe dem Verehrer Gut.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वृषा) कामनाओं की वर्षा करनेवाला (वृषव्रतः) कामनापूर्तिरूप ही व्रत धारण करनेवाला (पवमानः) सर्वपावक (अशस्तिहा) दुराचारियों का नाशक (एषः) यह सेनापति (दाशुषे) भाग देनेवाले के लिये (वसूनि करत्) प्रत्येक प्रकार के धनों की प्राप्ति का प्रयत्न करता है॥११॥

भावार्थभाषाः - उक्तगुणसम्पन्न सेनापति सब प्रकार के ऐश्वर्य उत्पन्न करके प्रजा में सुख बढ़ाता है॥११॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वृषा) कामनावर्षकः (वृषव्रतः) अभीष्टपूर्तिरूपव्रतधारी (पवमानः) सर्वपावकः (अशस्तिहा) दुष्टघातकः (एषः) अयं सेनापतिः (दाशुषे) भागदात्रे (वसूनि करत्) अनेकविधधनप्राप्त्यै प्रयत्नं करोति ॥११॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓ पवस्व सहस्रि᳓णं
रयिं᳓ गो᳓मन्तम् अश्वि᳓नम्
पुरुश्चन्द्र᳓म् पुरुस्पृ᳓हम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

pavasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sahasríṇam ← sahasrín- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

aśvínam ← aśvín- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

gómantam ← gómant- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

puruścandrám ← puruścandrá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

puruspŕ̥ham ← puruspŕ̥h- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

आ । प॒व॒स्व॒ । स॒ह॒स्रिण॑म् । र॒यिम् । गोऽम॑न्तम् । अ॒श्विन॑म् ।
पु॒रु॒ऽच॒न्द्रम् । पु॒रु॒ऽस्पृह॑म् ॥

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• sahasriṇaṃ ← sahasriṇam ← sahasrin
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “thousandfold.”

• rayiṃ ← rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• gomantam ← gomat
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “rich in cattle; bovine.”

• aśvinam ← aśvin
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “rich in horses; horsy.”

• puruścandram ← puru
• [noun]
• “many; much(a); very.”

• puruścandram ← ścandram ← ścandra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “shining; glistening; brilliant.”

• puruspṛham ← puruspṛh
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “coveted; desirous.”

हे सोम त्वं सहस्रिणं बहुसंख्याकं गोमन्तं गोभिरुपेतम् अश्विनम् अश्ववन्तं पुरुश्चन्द्रं बहूनां हर्षकं पुरुस्पृहं बहुस्पृहणीयं रयिं धनम् आ पवस्व परिक्षर ॥

English translation:

“Pour forth thousand-fold wealth, together with cattle and horses, delighting many, desired by many.”

In purifying yourself bring wealth in thousands of cows and of horses, much gleaming, much craved. ᳓

Pour thou upon us thousandfold possessions, both of kine and steeds,
Exceeding glorious, much-desired.

Läutere tausendfachen Reichtum an Rindern und Rossen, vielschimmernden, vielbegehrten uns zu!

O riesle tausendfachen Schatz herbei, der reich an Rind und Ross, Sehr glänzend ist und vielbegehrt.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे सेनाधीश ! (सहस्रिणम्) आप प्रत्येक प्रकार के (गोमन्तम् अश्विनम्) गो-अश्वादि के सहित (चन्द्रम्) हर्षोत्पादक (पुरुस्पृहम्) अनके लोगों से प्रार्थनीय (पुरु रयिम्) बहुत से धन को (आ पवस्व) सर्वथासञ्चितकरिये॥१२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में परमात्मा ने सेनाधीश के गुणों का वर्णन किया है कि सेनाधीश सहस्र प्रकार के ऐश्वर्यों को प्रजाजनों के लिये उत्पन्न करे॥१२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे सेनाधिपते ! (सहस्रिणम्) भवान् अनेकविधैः (गोमन्तम् अश्विनम्) गवाश्वादिभिः सह (चन्द्रम्) आनन्दजनकं (पुरुस्पृहम्) सर्वजनप्रार्थनीयम् (पुरु रयिम्) अधिकं धनं (आ पवस्व) सर्वथा सञ्चिनोतु ॥१२॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

एष᳓ स्य᳓ प᳓रि षिच्यते
मर्मृज्य᳓मान आयु᳓भिः
उरुगायः᳓ कवि᳓क्रतुः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
eṣá ← eṣá (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

pári ← pári (invariable)

sicyate ← √sic- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:PASS}

syá ← syá- ~ tyá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

āyúbhiḥ ← āyú- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

marmr̥jyámānaḥ ← √mr̥j- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

kavíkratuḥ ← kavíkratu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

urugāyáḥ ← urugāyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ए॒षः । स्यः । परि॑ । सि॒च्य॒ते॒ । म॒र्मृ॒ज्यमा॑नः । आ॒युऽभिः॑ ।
उ॒रु॒ऽगा॒यः । क॒विऽक्र॑तुः ॥

• eṣa ← etad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

• sya ← tya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “that.”

• pari
• [adverb]
• “from; about; around.”

• ṣicyate ← sicyate ← sic
• [verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
• “submerge; sprinkle; pour; wet; decant; impregnate.”

• marmṛjyamāna ← marmṛjyamānaḥ ← marmṛj ← √mṛj
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “groom; wash; rub.”

• āyubhiḥ ← āyu
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

• urugāyaḥ ← uru
• [noun]
• “wide; broad; great; uru [word]; much(a); excellent.”

• urugāyaḥ ← gāyaḥ ← gāya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• kavikratuḥ ← kavi
• [noun], masculine
• “poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

• kavikratuḥ ← kratuḥ ← kratu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”

उरुगायः बहुस्तुतिः कविक्रतुः क्रान्तप्रज्ञः क्रान्तकर्मा वा स्थः सः एषः अयं सोमः आयुभिः मनुष्यैः मर्मृज्यमानः शोध्यमानः परि षिच्यते ॥

English translation:

“This (Soma) the many-hymned, having wise designs being cleansed by the priests, is sprinkled forth.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Having wise designs: kavikratuḥ = krāntaprajñaḥ krāntakarmo vā, possessing wisdom or possessing sacred rites;

Kaviḥ = kāntaḥ (cf. RV 9.064.30)

This one here is poured in circles, being continually groomed by the Āyus,
the wide-going one with a poet’s purpose. ᳓

Wandering far, with wise designs, the juice here present is effused,
Made beautiful by living men.

Von den Ayu´s geputzt wird er umgegossen, der Weitschreitende mit dem Sehersinn.

Er ist es, der sich rings ergiesst, gereinigt von den eifrigen, Der weise, weithin schreitende.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (एषः स्यः) वह यह (कविक्रतुः) जो कि विद्वानों में श्रेष्ठ और (उरुगायः) सब लोगों से प्रशंसित है, ऐसा सेनापति (आयुभिः) सब प्रजाओं द्वारा (मर्मृज्यमानः) शुद्धाचरणरूप से सिद्ध किया गया (परिषिच्यते) नेतृत्व पदपरअभिषिक्त किया जाता है॥१३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा उपदेश करता है कि जो उक्तगुणसम्पन्न पुरुष है, वही सेनापति के पद पर नियुक्त करना चाहिये॥१३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (एषः स्यः) सोऽसौ (कविक्रतुः) यो हि विद्वत्सु श्रेष्ठः तथा (उरुगायः) सर्वजनैः प्रशंसितः एवं भूतः सेनापतिः (आयुभिः) समस्तप्रजाभिः (मर्मृज्यमानः) शुद्धाचरणेन सिद्धः (परिषिच्यते) नेतृत्वपदे अभिषिच्यते ॥१३॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

सह᳓स्रोतिः शता᳓मघो
विमा᳓नो र᳓जसः कविः᳓
इ᳓न्द्राय पवते म᳓दः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
sahásrotiḥ ← sahásroti- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śatā́maghaḥ ← śatā́magha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

kavíḥ ← kaví- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

rájasaḥ ← rájas- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

vimā́naḥ ← vimā́na- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

índrāya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

mádaḥ ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

pavate ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

स॒हस्र॑ऽऊतिः । श॒तऽम॑घः । वि॒ऽमानः॑ । रज॑सः । क॒विः ।
इन्द्रा॑य । प॒व॒ते॒ । मदः॑ ॥

• sahasrotiḥ ← sahasra
• [noun], neuter
• “thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”

• sahasrotiḥ ← ūtiḥ ← ūti
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “aid; favor; ūti [word].”

• śatāmagho ← śatāmaghaḥ ← śatāmagha
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• vimāno ← vimānaḥ ← vimā ← √mā
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “arrange; distribute; barter; measure; fixate.”

• rajasaḥ ← rajas
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “powder; menorrhea; dust; Rajas; atmosphere; rajas; pollen; passion; rajas [word]; sindūra; rust; tin; impurity; dark; sky.”

• kaviḥ ← kavi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

• indrāya ← indra
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• pavate ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• madaḥ ← mada
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

सहस्रोतिः अपरिमितरक्षणः शतमघः बहुधनः रजसः लोकस्य विमानः निर्माता कविः क्रान्तकर्मा मदः मदकरः सोमः इन्द्राय इन्द्रार्थं पवते धारया क्षरति ॥

English translation:

“Offering thousand-fold protection, having hundred-fold wealth, the meawsurer of the world, the sage, the exhilarating (Soma) flows for Indra.”

Possessing a thousand forms of help, a hundred bounties, measurer of the airy realm, poet—
the exhilarating drink purifies himself for Indra. ᳓

For Indra flows the gladdening drink, the measurer of the region, Sage,
With countless wealth and endless help.

Tausend Hilfen, hundert Gaben bringend, den Raum durchmessend, ein Seher, läutert sich der Rauschtrank für Indra.

Der Trank, der tausend Hülfen beut und hundert Schätze, weisheitsvoll, Strömt hell dem Indra durch die Luft.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्द्राय) वह सेनापति इन्द्र अर्थात् सर्वोपरि ऐश्वर्यसम्पन्न होने के लिये (सहस्रोतिः) सहस्रोंप्रकार की रक्षणशक्ति को धारण करता है और (शतामघः) सैकड़ों प्रकार के धनों का संचय करता है (विमानः रजसः) और प्रजारक्षणार्थ रजोगुणप्रधान होता है (कविः) सब शास्त्रों का प्राज्ञ तथा (इन्द्राय मदः) विज्ञानियों का सत्कर्ता और तृप्तिकर्ता तथा (पवते) उनकी विशेषरूप से रक्षा करता है॥१४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो विद्वानों का रक्षक तथा सत्कार करनेवाला और विद्या के प्रचार में प्रेमी होता है, वही सेनापति प्रशंसित कहा जाता है॥१४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्द्राय) स सेनापतिः महदैश्वर्यप्राप्तये (सहस्रोतिः) सहस्रशः शक्तीर्दधाति। तथा (शतामघः)अनेकप्रकारेण धनं सञ्चिनुते। तथा (विमानः रजसः) प्रजारक्षणाय रजोगुणप्रधानो भवति। अथ च (कविः) सर्वशास्त्रमर्मवित् तथा (इन्द्राय मदः) विज्ञानिनां सत्कारकर्ता तृप्तिकर्ता च (पवते) विशेषं गोपायति ॥१४॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

गिरा᳓ जात᳓ इह᳓ स्तुत᳓
इ᳓न्दुर् इ᳓न्द्राय धीयते
वि᳓र् यो᳓ना वसता᳓व् इव

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
girā́ ← gír- ~ gīr- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ihá ← ihá (invariable)

jātáḥ ← √janⁱ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

stutáḥ ← √stu- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

dhīyate ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:PASS}

índrāya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

índuḥ ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iva ← iva (invariable)

vasataú ← vasatí- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:SG}

víḥ ← ví- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

yónā ← yóni- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

गि॒रा । जा॒तः । इ॒ह । स्तु॒तः । इन्दुः॑ । इन्द्रा॑य । धी॒य॒ते॒ ।
विः । योना॑ । व॒स॒तौऽइ॑व ॥

• girā ← giri
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “mountain; adri; rock; giri [word]; hill; śilājatu.”

• jāta ← jātaḥ ← jan
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”

• iha
• [adverb]
• “here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”

• stuta ← stutaḥ ← stu
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “laud; praise; declare; stu.”

• indur ← induḥ ← indu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• indrāya ← indra
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• dhīyate ← dhā
• [verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• vir ← viḥ ← vi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “vi; bird; vi.”

• yonā ← yoni
• [noun], locative, singular, feminine
• “vagina; vulva; uterus; beginning; origin; reincarnation; birthplace; family; production; cause; race; grain; raw material; birth; kind; caste; kinship; bed.”

• vasatāv ← vasatau ← vasati
• [noun], locative, singular, feminine
• “residency; dwelling; nest; stay; vasati [word]; vas; mansion; sojourn.”

• iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

जातः प्रादुर्भूतः गिरा स्तुत्या स्तुतः च इन्दुः सोमः इह अस्मिन् यज्ञे योना योनौ स्वस्थाने इन्द्राय इन्द्रार्थं वसताविव विः यथा स्ववासे पक्षी तथा धीयते निधीयते ॥ ॥२६॥

English translation:

“genitive rated and praised by song, Indu at this sacrifice is deposited in his plural ce for Indra, like a bird on its nest.”

Born on a mountain [/begotten by a hymn], praised here, the drop is placed for Indra,
a bird in his womb, as if in a nest.

girā́jātáḥ “born on a mountain” is in the first instance a phrasal variant of giriṣṭhā́ḥ ‘mountain-abiding’ in 4b, with girā́showing the i-stem loc. in -ā regular before consonants (see, e.g., Lanman, Noun Inflect, 385). This interpr. is followed by Geldner and Renou in their tr. (see also Ober II.13). However, girā́can also be, as Oldenberg and Geldner (n. 15a) point out, the instr. sg. of gír- ‘hymn’; in fact Grassmann puts it there. The alt. given in the published translation “[/begotten by a hymn]” reflects this other possible analysis; that soma is produced to the accompaniment of hymns would make this statement true in ritual logic. It is also possible that girā́‘by a hymn’ could be construed with stutáḥ ‘praised’ later in the pāda. And to make things even more complex, stutáḥ might also evoke sutáḥ ‘pressed’.

The pass. dhīyate in b might weakly support taking hitáḥ in 10a to √dhā as well.

Pāda c is the third instantiation (always in the c pāda) of the image comparing soma installed in the wooden cups to a bird on a yóni-: 4c śyenó ná yónim ā́sadat, 8c sī́dan yónā váneṣv ā́, our 15c vír yónā vasatā́v iva - and cf. in the preceding hymn IX.61.21c sī́dañ chyenó ná yónim ā́. Judging from the position of ivain our vs., both the bird and the yónihave become so much part of the identity of soma that only the ‘nest’ (vasatí-) is considered part of the simile proper - though we must keep in mind the multiple disturbances in the position of simile particles in Maṇḍala IX as disc. passim above.

Born on the inountain, lauded here, Indu for Indra is set down,
As in her sheltering nest a bird.

Auf dem Berg entsprossen, hier gepriesen, wird der Saft für Indra hingesetzt an seinen Platz wie ein Vogel ins Nest.

Durch Lied gezeugt, gepriesen hier, wird Indu Indra’n dargereicht, Ein Vogel in des Nestes Schooss.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (विः वसतौ इव) “विरितिशकुनिनाम वेतेर्गतिकर्मणः, अथापि इषुनामेह भवत्येतस्मादेव” नि० अ० २।६। जिस प्रकार शत्रु से रक्षा के लिये बाण ज्या में स्थापित किया जाता है, उसी प्रकार (इह जातः इन्दुः) इस लोक में सब ऐश्वर्य को प्राप्त सेनापति (गिरा स्तुतः) सबकीवाणियों द्वारा स्तुत (इन्द्राय) रक्षा करने से निर्भीक होने के लिये (योना धीयते) उच्च पद पर स्थापित किया जाता है॥१५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जिस प्रकार शस्त्र अपने नियत स्थानों में स्थित होकर राजधर्म की रक्षा करते हैं, इसी प्रकार सेनापति अपने पद पर स्थिर होकर राजधर्म की रक्षा करता है॥१५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (विः वसतौ इव) “विरिति शकुनिनाम वेतेर्गतिकर्मणः, अथापि इषुनामेह भवत्येतस्मादेव” नि० अ० २।६। यथा शत्रुत आत्मरक्षणाय बाणो ज्यायां स्थाप्यते तथैव (इह जातः इन्दुः) अस्मिन्लोके सर्वैश्वर्यतां प्राप्तः सेनापतिः (गिरा स्तुतः) सर्वजनवाचा स्तुतः (इन्द्राय) रक्षानिर्भीकतायै (याना धीयते) उच्चपदोपरि प्रतिष्ठितः क्रियते ॥१५॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प᳓वमानः सुतो᳓ नृ᳓भिः
सो᳓मो वा᳓जम् इवासरत्
चमू᳓षु श᳓क्मनास᳓दम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
nŕ̥bhiḥ ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

pávamānaḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sutáḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

asarat ← √sr̥- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

iva ← iva (invariable)

sómaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vā́jam ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

āsádam ← √sad- (root)
{case:ACC, number:SG}

camū́ṣu ← camū́- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

śákmanā ← śákman- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

पव॑मानः । सु॒तह् । नृऽभिः॑ । सोमः॑ । वाज॑म्ऽइव । अ॒स॒र॒त् ।
च॒मूषु॑ । शक्म॑ना । आ॒ऽसद॑म् ॥

• pavamānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• suto ← sutaḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• nṛbhiḥ ← nṛ
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

• somo ← somaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• vājam ← vāja
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• ivāsarat ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• ivāsarat ← asarat ← sṛ
• [verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
• “sṛ; liquefy; run; spread; stretch out.”

• camūṣu ← camū
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “army; camū; Camū.”

• śakmanāsadam ← śakman
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter

• śakmanāsadam ← āsadam ← āsad ← √sad
• [verb noun]
• “approach; attack; sit down; approach; find; arrive.”

नृभिः नेतृभिर्ऋत्विग्भिः सुतः अभिषुतः सोमः चमूषु चमसेषु शक्मना बलेन आसदम् उपवेष्टुं वाजमिव युद्धमिव स्थानम् असरत् सरति ॥

English translation:

“The pure Soma effused by the priests rushes forth as if to battle, to alight vigorously upon the ladles.”

Purifying himself, pressed by men, Soma has flowed, as if to a prize, to sit in the cups, through his mastery. ᳓

Pressed by the men, as ’twere to war hath Soma Pavamana sped,
To test with might within the vats.

Der sich läuternde Soma ist von den Männern ausgepreßt gleichsam um den Siegerpreis gelaufen, um sich mit Geschick in die Gefäße zu setzen.

Gepresst von Männern, flammend hat der Soma Labung hergeströmt, Setzt kräftig in die Schalen sich.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (नृभिः सुतः) विदुषी प्रजाओं द्वारा अभिषिक्त (सोमः) सौम्य सेनाधीश (पवमानः) सबको पवित्र करता हुआ (चमूषु) सेनाओं में (शक्मना) अपने पराक्रम से (आसदम्) अपने शत्रु को अभिगमन करने के लिये (वाजम् इव) विद्युदादि अद्भुत शक्ति के समान (असरत्) गमन करता है॥१६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - सोम यहाँ सेनाधीश का नाम है, क्योंकि सेनाधीश को भी धीरता के लिये सौम्य स्वभाव की आवश्यकता है, इसलिये उसे सोमरूप से वर्णन किया है॥१६॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (नृभिः सुतः) विद्वद्भिः प्रजाभिरभिषिक्तः (सोमः) सौम्यगुणपूर्णः सेनापतिः (पवमानः) समस्तजनान् पवित्रयन् (चमूषु) सेनासु (शक्मना) स्वपराक्रमेण (आसदम्) स्वशत्रोरभिमुखं गन्तुं (वाजम् इव) विद्युदादिशक्तिरिव (असरत्) गच्छति ॥१६॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तं᳓ त्रिपृष्ठे᳓ त्रिवन्धुरे᳓
र᳓थे युञ्जन्ति या᳓तवे
ऋ᳓षीणां सप्त᳓ धीति᳓भिः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
tám ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

tripr̥ṣṭhé ← tripr̥ṣṭhá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

trivandhuré ← trivandhurá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ráthe ← rátha- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yā́tave ← √yā- 1 (root)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

yuñjanti ← √yuj- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

dhītíbhiḥ ← dhītí- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

ŕ̥ṣīṇām ← ŕ̥ṣi- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

saptá ← saptá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

तम् । त्रि॒ऽपृ॒ष्ठे । त्रि॒ऽव॒न्धु॒रे । रथे॑ । यु॒ञ्ज॒न्ति॒ । यात॑वे ।
ऋषी॑णाम् । स॒प्त । धी॒तिऽभिः॑ ॥

• taṃ ← tam ← tad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• tripṛṣṭhe ← tri
• [noun]
• “three; tri/tisṛ [word].”

• tripṛṣṭhe ← pṛṣṭhe ← pṛṣṭha
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “back; top; top; surface; shell; peak; Pṛṣṭha; flat roof; pṛṣṭha [word]; back; roof.”

• trivandhure ← tri
• [noun]
• “three; tri/tisṛ [word].”

• trivandhure ← vandhure ← vandhura
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “seat; seat.”

• rathe ← ratha
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

• yuñjanti ← yuj
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”

• yātave ← yā
• [verb noun]
• “go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

• ṛṣīṇāṃ ← ṛṣīṇām ← ṛṣi
• [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
• “Ṛṣi; spiritual teacher; ascetic; Mantra.”

• sapta ← saptan
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “seven; seventh.”

• dhītibhiḥ ← dhīti
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “thinking; prayer; understanding.”

त्रिपृष्ठे त्रिषवणपृष्ठे त्रिवन्धुरे त्रिवेदवन्धुरे ऋषीणां रथे यज्ञरथे तं सोमं सप्त सप्तभिः धीतिभिः छन्दोभिः यातवे देवान् प्रति गन्तुं युञ्जन्ति ऋत्विजो योजयन्ति ॥

English translation:

“They attach him by seven ceremonies to the three-backed three-benched chariot of the ṛṣis to go to the gods.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Seven ceremonies: The back are the three oblations, the benches are the three vedas, and the ceremonies are the seven hymns, chāndas

They yoke him to the three-backed, three-seated chariot, to drive, yoking him by means of the seven visionary thoughts of the seven seers.

See published introduction. for the ritual specificity of the images in this vs. The participle “yoking” in the published translation of c should properly be in parens., since it’s simply generated from the finite yuñjanti in b.

The uninflected numeral ‘seven’ (saptá) is stationed between two pl. nouns, gen. ṛ́ṣīṇāṃ ‘of the seers’ and instr. dhītíbhiḥ ‘with visionary thoughts’. Of course seven is the canonical number of seers throughout Indian religious history, starting with the RV, but ‘seven’ is also used of dhītí- in IX.9.4 sá saptá dhītíbhir hitáḥ and passages cited there. Most tr. choose to construe it with one or the other (Geldner, Ober [II.72] ṛ́ṣi-; Renou, Lüders [710], Ober [II.222] dhītí-), with, surprisingly (to me), more going for dhītí- than ṛ́ṣi-. But surely its position helps signal that it should be construed with both (as Renou in his n. and Ober in his 2nd tr. indicate).

That he may move, they yoke him to the three-backed triple-seated car
By the Seven Rsis’ holy songs.

Ihn schirren sie an den dreirückigen, dreisitzigen Wagen zum Fahren unter den Gebeten der sieben Rishi´s.

Dem Wagen, der drei Rücken hat, drei Sitze, schirren sie ihn an Zur Fahrt durch sieben Sängerwerk.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (ऋषीणाम् सप्त धीतिभिः) जो कि ऋषियों अर्थात् विज्ञानी शिल्पियों के द्वारा रचित है तथा सात प्रकार के आकर्षणादि गुणों से संयुक्त है तथा (त्रिपृष्टे)तीन उपवेशन स्थानों से युक्त तथा (त्रिवन्धुरे) तीन जगह ऊँचा नीचा है, (रथे) ऐसे रथ में (तम्)उस सेनापति को (यातवेयुञ्जन्ति) यात्रा करने के लिये प्रयुक्त करते हैं॥१७॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा उपदेश करता है कि हे पुरुषों ! तुम अपने सेनापतिओं के लिये ऐसे यान बनाओ, जो अनन्त प्रकार के आकर्षण-विकर्षणादि गुणों से युक्त हों और जल, स्थल तथा नभमण्डल में सर्वत्रैव अव्याहतगति होकर गमन कर सकें॥१७॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (ऋषीणाम् सप्त धीतिभिः) यो हि ऋषिभिः “विज्ञानिशिल्पिभिरिति यावत्” रचितः सप्तविधकर्म- परिपूर्णः तथा (त्रिपृष्ठे) उपवेशनस्थानत्रययुक्तः (त्रिवन्धुरे) त्रिषु उच्चैः नीचैः वर्तते (रथे) एवम्भूते रथे (तम्) तं सेनापतिं (यातवे युञ्जन्ति) यात्रार्थं प्रयुञ्जन्ति ॥१७॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तं᳓ सोतारो धनस्पृ᳓तम्
आशुं᳓ वा᳓जाय या᳓तवे
ह᳓रिं हिनोत वाजि᳓नम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
dhanaspŕ̥tam ← dhanaspŕ̥t- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sotāraḥ ← sotár- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

tám ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

āśúm ← āśú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vā́jāya ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

yā́tave ← √yā- 1 (root)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

hárim ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

hinota ← √hi- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vājínam ← vājín- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

तम् । सो॒ता॒रः॒ । ध॒न॒ऽस्पृत॑म् । आ॒शुम् । वाजा॑य । यात॑वे ।
हरि॑म् । हि॒नो॒त॒ । वा॒जिन॑म् ॥

• taṃ ← tam ← tad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• sotāro ← sotāraḥ ← sotṛ
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• dhanaspṛtam ← dhana
• [noun], neuter
• “wealth; property; money; treasure; prize; dhana [word]; valuable; dhan; capital; fight.”

• dhanaspṛtam ← spṛtam ← spṛt
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “victorious; protecting.”

• āśuṃ ← āśum ← āśu
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “quick; fast; immediate; agile.”

• vājāya ← vāja
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• yātave ← yā
• [verb noun]
• “go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

• hariṃ ← harim ← hari
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “reddish brown; yellow; pale; yellow; aureate.”

• hinota ← hi
• [verb], plural, Present imperative
• “impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

• vājinam ← vājin
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “victorious; triumphant; strong; gainful.”

हे सोतारः अभिषवकर्तार ऋत्विजः धनस्पृतं धनानां स्प्रष्टारं वाजिनं बलिनम् आशुं वेगवन्तं तं सोमात्मकं हरिम् अश्वं वाजाय यज्ञाख्यं संग्रामं यातवे गन्तंं हिनोत प्रेरयत । यथा योद्धारो युद्धं गन्तुं बलिनं वेगवन्तमश्वं प्रेरयन्ति तद्वत् यज्ञमभिगन्तुं बलवन्तं सोमं प्रेरयतेति भावः ॥

English translation:

“Effused of the Soma, urge forward that wealth bestowing rapid vigorous steed to go to the battle.”

O pressers, impel the swift one to drive for the prize—the winner of spoils, the tawny prize-seeker.

This vs. is notable for its 2nd ps. address to the priests (sotāraḥ … hinota “o pressers, impel …”), also found in vss. 21, 29. Ordinarily 2nd ps. in soma hymns is reserved for Soma (sg.) and his drops (etc.) (pl.).

Drive ye that Tawny Courser, O ye pressers, on his way to war,
Swift Steed who carries off the spoil.

Ihn treibet, ihr Auspressende, zur Eile, den preisgewinnenden Renner, den siegreichen Falben, daß er um den Siegespreis laufe!

Ihr Sänger, spornt das schnelle Ross, das starke, schatzerbeutende, Zu eilen zu des Wettlaufs Preis.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोतारः)हे अमात्यादि अभिषेक्ता लोगों ! (धनस्पृतम्) जो कि धनों का संचय करनेवाला है तथा (आशुम्) बहुव्यापी है (हरिम्) और शत्रुओं का विघातक (वाजिनम्) सुन्दर बलवाला है, उसको (वाजाय) शक्ति बढ़ाने को (यातवे) यात्रा करने के लिये (हिनोत) प्रेरणा करो॥१८॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे प्रजाजनों ! तुम लोग जो उक्तगुणसम्पन्न पुरुष है, उसको अपने अभ्युदय के लिये सेनाधीशादि पदों पर नियुक्त करो॥१८॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोतारः) हे अभिषेक्तारोऽमात्यादयः ! (धनस्पृतम्) यो हि धनसञ्चयकर्तास्ति तथा (आशुम्) बहुव्यापनशीलोऽस्ति अथ च (हरिम्) शत्रुघातकोऽस्ति (यातवे) यात्रां कर्तुं (हिनोत) यूयं प्रेरयत ॥१८॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आविश᳓न् कल᳓शं सुतो᳓
वि᳓श्वा अ᳓र्षन्न् अभि᳓ श्रि᳓यः
शू᳓रो न᳓ गो᳓षु तिष्ठति

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
āviśán ← √viś- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

kaláśam ← kaláśa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sutáḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

árṣan ← √arṣ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

śríyaḥ ← śrī́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

víśvāḥ ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

góṣu ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

ná ← ná (invariable)

śū́raḥ ← śū́ra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

tiṣṭhati ← √sthā- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

आ॒ऽवि॒शन् । क॒लश॑म् । सु॒तः । विश्वा॑ । अर्ष॑न् । अ॒भि । श्रियः॑ ।
शूरः॑ । न । गोषु॑ । ति॒ष्ठ॒ति॒ ॥

• āviśan ← āviś ← √viś
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “enter; overwhelm; possess; approach; afflict; enter (a state); reach; wear.”

• kalaśaṃ ← kalaśam ← kalaśa
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “jar.”

• suto ← sutaḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• viśvā ← viśvāḥ ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• arṣann ← arṣan ← ṛṣ
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “run.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• śriyaḥ ← śrī
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “mister; Ms.; Lakshmi; good fortune; well-being; magnificence; glory; beauty; Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa; dignity; power; śrī [word]; śrī; prosperity; auspiciousness.”

• śūro ← śūraḥ ← śūra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• goṣu ← go
• [noun], locative, plural, masculine
• “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

• tiṣṭhati ← sthā
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”

सुतः अभिषुतः सोमः कलशं द्रोणम् आविशन् विश्वाः सर्वाः श्रियः संपदः अभि अर्षन् अस्मानभिगमयन् गोषु शत्रूणां पशुषु शूरो न यथा शूरो निःशङ्कः तिष्ठति तद्वद्यज्ञेषु निःशङ्कस्तिष्ठति ॥

English translation:

“Entering when effused into the pitcher bringing us all success like a hero, he stands among the cattle.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

I.e. as a hero resolutely stands among the enemy’s cattle, so the Soma resolutely stands among the sacrifices

Pressed, entering the tub, rushing to all that is glorious,
he stands among the cows like a champion. ᳓

Pouring all glories hither, he, effused and entering the jar,
Stands like a hero mid the kine.

Ausgepreßt in den Krug einziehend, auf alle Herrlichkeiten zufließend hält er stand wie der Tapfere im Kampf um die Kühe.

Der Saft, der in den Becher dringt, der alle Schätze uns ergiesst, Steht unter Kühen wie ein Held.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सुतः) अभिषिक्त सेनापति (कलशम् आविशन्) शब्दायमान शस्त्रों में प्रवेश करता हुआ अर्थात् शस्त्रविद्याको सीखता हुआ (विश्वाः श्रियः अभ्यर्षन्) सम्पूर्ण लक्ष्मी को प्राप्त करता हुआ (गोषु) इन्द्रियों में (शूरः न) शूर के समान अर्थात् जितेन्द्रिय की तरह (तिष्ठति) स्थित होता है॥१९॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो पुरुष जितेन्द्रिय और दृढ़व्रती होते हैं, वे ही राजधर्म के लिये उपयुक्त होते हैं, अन्य नहीं॥१९॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सुतः) अभिषिक्तः सेनाधीशः (कलशम् आविशन्) शब्दायमानशस्त्रेषु प्रविशन् शस्त्रविद्यां शिक्षन् इत्यर्थः (विश्वाः श्रियः अभ्यर्षन्) समस्तां लक्ष्मीं प्रापयन् (गोषु) इन्द्रियेषु (शूरः न) वीर इव जितेन्द्रिय इवेति यावत् (तिष्ठति) स्थितो भवति ॥१९॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓ त इन्दो म᳓दाय क᳓म्
प᳓यो दुहन्ति आय᳓वः
देवा᳓ देवे᳓भियो म᳓धु

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

indo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

kám ← kám (invariable)

mádāya ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

āyávaḥ ← āyú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

duhanti ← √duh- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

páyaḥ ← páyas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

devā́ḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

devébhyaḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

mádhu ← mádhu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

आ । ते॒ । इ॒न्दो॒ इति॑ । मदा॑य । कम् । पयः॑ । दु॒ह॒न्ति॒ । आ॒यवः॑ ।
दे॒वाः । दे॒वेभ्यः॑ । मधु॑ ॥

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• ta ← te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• indo ← indu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• madāya ← mada
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

• kam ← kaṃ
• [adverb]
• “kaṃ [word].”

• payo ← payaḥ ← payas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”

• duhanty ← duhanti ← duh
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “milk.”

• āyavaḥ ← āyu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• devā ← deva
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• devebhyo ← devebhyaḥ ← deva
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• madhu
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

हे इन्दो सोम ते तव मधु मधुभूतं पयः पेयं रसं देवाः स्तोतारः आयवः मनुष्याः मदाय कं मदार्थं देवेभ्यः इन्द्रादिभ्यः आ दुहन्ति ॥ ॥ २७ ॥

English translation:

“The devout priests milk forth your sweet juice Indu, for the gods for the purpose of exhilaration.”

The Āyus milk your milk for exhilaration, o drop;
the gods (milk) honey for the gods.

With Geldner and Renou, the published translation interpr. páyo duhanti as “they milk your milk” (or more emphatically, Renou “traient de toi le lait” [my ital.]); that is, they assume that milk (páyaḥ) here refers to the soma juice. See above, comm. ad vs. 9, on the ambiguous ref. of this word in the soma maṇḍala. It is also possible here that páyaḥ refers to cows’ milk (see the cows in 19c), and the passage should be interpr. “they milk milk for you for exhilaration.”

Indu, the living men milk out the juice to make the rapturous draught:
Gods for the Gods milk out the meath.

Deine Milch, o Saft, melken die Ayu´s zum Rauschtrank, die Götter für die Götter die Süßigkeit.

Es melken, Indu, deine Milch zum Rausche recht die eifrigen, Die Götter Göttern süssen Trank.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे परमैश्वर्यशालिन् ! (ते) आपके (मदाय) आनन्द के लिये (आयवः देवाः) दिव्य शक्तिवाले आपके अनुयायी लोग (देवेभ्यः) ज्ञानक्रियाशाली विद्वानों से (मधु) सुन्दर भोग योग्य (पयः) दूध रूपी (कम्) सुख को (आ) भली-भाँति (दुहन्ति) दुहते हैं॥२०॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! आपके अनुयायी लोग कामधेनुरूप पृथिव्यादिलोक-लोकान्तरों से अनन्त प्रकार के अमृतों को दुहते हैं॥२०॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे परमैश्वर्यशालिन् ! (ते) भवतः (मदाय) आनन्दाय (आयवः देवाः) दिव्यशक्तिमन्तो भवदनुयायिनो जनाः (देवेभ्यः) ज्ञानक्रियाशालिभिः विद्वद्भिः (मधु) सुभोग्यं (पयः) दुग्धरूपं (कम्) सुखं (आ) समन्तात् (दुहन्ति) दुहते ॥२०॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓ नः सो᳓मम् पवि᳓त्र आ᳓
सृज᳓ता म᳓धुमत्तमम्
देवे᳓भ्यो देवश्रु᳓त्तमम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

pavítre ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

sómam ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

mádhumattamam ← mádhumattama- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sr̥játa ← √sr̥j- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

devaśrúttamam ← devaśrúttama- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

devébhyaḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

आ । नः॒ । सोम॑म् । प॒वित्रे॑ । आ । सृ॒जत॑ । मधु॑मत्ऽतमम् ।
दे॒वेभ्यः॑ । दे॒व॒श्रुत्ऽत॑मम् ॥

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• somam ← soma
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• pavitra ← pavitre ← pavitra
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “strainer.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• sṛjatā ← sṛjata ← sṛj
• [verb], plural, Present imperative
• “create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

• madhumattamam ← madhumattama
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “sweetest.”

• devebhyo ← devebhyaḥ ← deva
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• devaśruttamam ← deva
• [noun], masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• devaśruttamam ← śruttamam ← śruttama
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine

हे ऋत्विजः नः अस्माकं देवश्रुत्तमम् अत्यन्तं देवैः श्रूयमाणं मधुमत्तमम् अतिशयेन मधुमन्तं सोमं देवेभ्यः इन्द्राद्यर्थं पवित्रे दशापवित्रे आ सृजत साधयत ।

English translation:

“Pour upon the filter for us for the sake of the gods the most sweet-flavoured Soma, most audible to the godṣ”

Into the filter send our soma, the most honeyed
for the gods, the most audible to the gods. ᳓

Pour for the Gods into the sieve our Soma very rich in sweets,
Him whom the Gods most gladly hear.

Lasset unseren süßesten Soma auf die Seihe laufen für die Götter, der von den Göttern am liebsten gehört wird!

Den gern die Götter hören, giesst den Göttern zu den süssesten, Den Soma in die Seihe ihr.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हेविद्वानों! तुम (नः) हम लोगों के (सोमम्) सौम्य स्वभाववाले स्वामी को (आ सृजत) इस प्रकार सिद्ध करो, जिससे (मधुमत्तमम्) मधुर स्वभाववालों में उत्तम हो और (देवेभ्यः देवश्रुत्तमम्) सब देवों अर्थात् विद्वानों की प्रार्थना सुननेवाला हो॥२१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे प्रजाजनों ! तुम ऐसे सेनापति वरण करो, जो मधुर स्वभाववाला हो और सबकी प्रार्थनाओं पर ध्यान देनेवाला हो॥२१॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे पण्डिताः ! यूयं (नः) अस्माकं (सोमम्) सौम्यस्वभाववन्तं स्वामिनं (आ सृजत) इत्थं साधयत यथा (मधुमत्तमम्) मधुरप्रकृतिषूत्तमो भवतु। अथ च (देवेभ्यः देवश्रुत्तमम्) विद्वज्जनप्रार्थनां शृणोतु ॥२१॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

एते᳓ सो᳓मा असृक्षत
गृणानाः᳓ श्र᳓वसे महे᳓
मदि᳓न्तमस्य धा᳓रया

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
asr̥kṣata ← √sr̥j- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

eté ← eṣá (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sómāḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

gr̥ṇānā́ḥ ← √gr̥̄- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

mahé ← máh- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

śrávase ← śrávas- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

dhā́rayā ← dhā́rā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

madíntamasya ← madíntama- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

ए॒ते । सोमाः॑ । अ॒सृ॒क्ष॒त॒ । गृ॒णा॒नाः । श्रव॑से । म॒हे ।
म॒दिन्ऽत॑मस्य । धार॑या ॥

• ete ← etad
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

• somā ← somāḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• asṛkṣata ← sṛj
• [verb], plural, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
• “create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

• gṛṇānāḥ ← gṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “praise.”

• śravase ← śravas
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “fame; glory; ear.”

• mahe ← mah
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

• madintamasya ← madintama
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “exhilarating; intoxicant.”

• dhārayā ← dhārā
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

गृणानाः स्तूयमानाः एते इमे सोमाः महे महते श्रवसे अन्नाय मदिन्तमस्य मादयितृतमस्य रसस्य धारया असृक्षत ऋत्विग्भिः सृज्यन्ते ॥

English translation:

“These lauded Soma juices are let flow for the sake of abundant food in a stream for the most exhilarating (juice).”

These soma juices, while being hymned, have surged for great fame in a stream of most exhilarating (soma). ᳓

Into his stream who gladdens best these Soma juices have been poured,
Lauded with songs for lofty fame.

Diese Somatränke sind losgelassen worden zu großem Ruhme gepriesen, mit dem Strome des Berauschendsten.

Ergossen sind die Soma’s hier gepriesen nun zu hohem Ruhm, Im Strome des berauschendsten.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (एते सोमाः) ये सेनापति (महे श्रवसे गृणानाः) महा यश के लिये स्तुति किये गये (मदिन्तमस्य धारया) आह्लादक शौर्य-वीर्यादि शक्तियों की धारा के सहित (असृक्षत) पैदा किये जाते हैं॥२२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - उक्त गुणोंवाले सेनापति संसार में यश और बल बढ़ाने के लिये उत्पन्न किये जाते हैं॥२२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (एते सोमाः) इमे सेनाधीशाः (महे श्रवसे गृणानाः) महायशसे संस्तुताः (मदिन्तमस्य धारया) आनन्ददायकशौर्य्यादिशक्तिधारासहिताः (असृक्षत) उत्पाद्यन्ते ॥२२॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अभि᳓ ग᳓व्यानि वीत᳓ये
नृम्णा᳓ पुनानो᳓ अर्षसि
सन᳓द्वाजः प᳓रि स्रव

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
abhí ← abhí (invariable)

gávyāni ← gávya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

vītáye ← vītí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

arṣasi ← √arṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

nr̥mṇā́ ← nr̥mṇá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

punānáḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

pári ← pári (invariable)

sanádvājaḥ ← sanádvāja- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

srava ← √sru- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

अ॒भि । गव्या॑नि । वी॒तये॑ । नृ॒म्णा । पु॒ना॒नः । अ॒र्ष॒सि॒ ।
स॒नत्ऽवा॑जः । परि॑ । स्र॒व॒ ॥

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• gavyāni ← gavya
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “bovine.”

• vītaye ← vīti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine

• nṛmṇā ← nṛmṇa
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “manhood; power.”

• punāno ← punānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• arṣasi ← ṛṣ
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “run.”

• sanadvājaḥ ← sanat ← san
• [verb noun]
• “win; get; gain.”

• sanadvājaḥ ← vājaḥ ← vāja
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• pari
• [adverb]
• “from; about; around.”

• srava ← sru
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “discharge; issue; run; filter; discharge; liquefy; ejaculate; fail; disappear; leak; fester.”

हे सोम पुनानः पूयमानो यस्त्वं वीतये भक्षणाय गव्यानि गोसंबन्धीनि नृम्णा नृम्णानि धनानि क्षीरादीनि अभि अर्षसि अभिगच्छसि स त्वं सनद्वाजः दीयमानान्नः सन् परि स्रव परिक्षर ॥

English translation:

“Being purified you have the treasures of the kine to enjoy (them); flow forth you who grants food.”

You rush to pursue bovine (goods) and manly powers, while being purified.
Winning the prizes, flow around. ᳓

Thou flowest to enjoy the milk, and bringest valour, being cleansed:
Winning the spoil flow hitherward.

Um die Kuhgewinne, um Manneskräfte zu erjagen rinnst du dich läuternd. Laufe ab, indem du den Siegespreis erringst!

Du strömest flammend Rinderschar und Manneskraft zum Mahl herbei, Uns Kraft verleihend fliesse rings.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे स्वामिन् ! (वीतये) उपभोग के लिये (गव्यानि नृम्णा) गोसम्बन्धी धनों को (अभि पुनानः) निर्विघ्नकरते हुए (अर्षसि) आप गमन करते हैं (सनद्वाजः) सब शक्तियों को सर्वत्रविभक्त करते हुए आप (परिस्रव) सर्वत्र व्यापक होवें॥२३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो सेनापति पृथिव्यादि रत्नों को निर्विघ्न करने के लिये अपनी जीवनयात्रा करते हैं, वे सेनाधीशादि पदों के लिये उपयुक्त होते हैं॥२३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे विभो ! (वीतये) उपभोगाय (गव्यानि नृम्णा) गोधनानि (अभिपुनानः) निर्विघ्नानि कुर्वन् (अर्षसि) भवान् गमनं करोति (सनद्वाजः) सर्वासां शक्तीनां विभागं कुर्वन् (परिस्रव) भवान् सर्वत्र व्यापको भवतु ॥२३॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

उत᳓ नो गो᳓मतीर् इ᳓षो
वि᳓श्वा अर्ष परिष्टु᳓भः
गृणानो᳓ जम᳓दग्निना

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
gómatīḥ ← gómant- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

íṣaḥ ← íṣ- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

utá ← utá (invariable)

arṣa ← √arṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

pariṣṭúbhaḥ ← pariṣṭúbh- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

víśvāḥ ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

gr̥ṇānáḥ ← √gr̥̄- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

jamádagninā ← jamádagni- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}

उ॒त । नः॒ । गोऽम॑तीः । इषः॑ । विश्वाः॑ । अ॒र्ष॒ । प॒रि॒ऽस्तुभः॑ ।
गृ॒णा॒नः । ज॒मत्ऽअ॑ग्निना ॥

• uta
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• gomatīr ← gomatīḥ ← gomat
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “rich in cattle; bovine.”

• iṣo ← iṣaḥ ← iṣ
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”

• viśvā ← viśvāḥ ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• arṣa ← ṛṣ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “run.”

• pariṣṭubhaḥ ← pariṣṭubh
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine

• gṛṇāno ← gṛṇānaḥ ← gṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “praise.”

• jamadagninā ← jamadagni
• [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
• “Jamadagni.”

उत अपि च हे सोम जमदग्निना जमदग्निनाम्ना ऋषिणा मया गृणानः स्तूयमानस्त्वं नः अस्माकं गोमतीः गोभिर्युक्तानि परिष्टुभः परितः स्तोतव्यानि विश्वाः सर्वाणि इषः अन्नानि अर्ष गच्छ। अस्मभ्यमेवंविधान्यन्नानि देहीत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“And have for us towards all widely renowned food with cattle, being hymned by Jamadagni.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Have for us: i.e., grant us

And rush to all our refreshments provided with cows, encircled with rhythm,
while being hymned by Jamadagni.

For some disc. of this passage see Scarlatta 641 with n. 906. He gives pariṣṭúbh- an active value (“ringsum jubelnd, rauschend”) in this passage: “… zu allen, die ringsum Töne von sich geben,” in contrast to my passive “encircled with rhythm,” which follows Renou’s “environnées de rhythmes.” Since the cmpd modifies íṣaḥ ‘refreshments’, it is hard to see how they could actively produce noise, though Scarlatta (n. 906) suggests it might refer to the cows likewise characterizing the refreshments (gómatīr íṣaḥ), in the form of bellowing milk streams. This seems a bit farfetched, though it does allow the form to be semantically united with its other occurrence, in I.166.11, where it modifies the Maruts, who are actively making noise. For the idiom see I.80.9 pári ṣṭobhata “encircle (him) with rhythm!” where it is parallel to arcata “chant!” See also nearby IX.64.28 pariṣṭóbhant-. Geldner takes pariṣṭubhaḥ as a noun ‘lauter Loblieder’, also with active sense.

And, hymned by Jamadagnis, let all nourishment that kine supply,
And general praises, flow to us.

Und ströme uns Speisegenüsse nebst Kühen und lauter Loblieder zu, von Jamadagni gepriesen!

Ergiesse alle Tränke uns, milchreiche, liedumjubelte, Von Dschamadagni du gerühmt.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (उत) और (जमदग्निना गृणानः) प्रज्वलित प्रताप होने से सब लोगों से स्तूयमान आप (नः) हमारे लिये (परिष्टुभः) जो कि किसी प्रकार नहीं चलनेवालीऐसी (विश्वाः) सब प्रकार की (गोमतीः इषः) गवादि पदार्थ युक्त शक्ति को (अर्षः) प्राप्त कराइये॥२४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा उपदेश करता है कि हे प्रजाननो ! तुम लोग उक्तगुणसम्पन्न राजपुरुषों के सदैव अनुयायी बने रहो, ताकि वे तुम्हारे लिये पृथिव्यादिलोक-लोकान्तरों के ऐश्वर्यों से तुम्हें विभूषित करें॥२४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (उत) तथा (जमदग्निना गृणानः) समधिज्वलितप्रतापतया सर्वैः स्तूयमानो भवान् (नः) अस्मभ्यं (परिष्टुभः) निश्चलाः (विश्वाः) बहुविधाः (गोमतीः इषः) गवादिपदार्थयुक्ताः शक्तीः (अर्ष) प्रापयतु ॥२४॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प᳓वस्व वाचो᳓ अग्रियः᳓
सो᳓म चित्रा᳓भिर् ऊति᳓भिः
अभि᳓ वि᳓श्वानि का᳓विया

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
agriyáḥ ← agriyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

pávasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

vācáḥ ← vā́c- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:F, number:SG}

citrā́bhiḥ ← citrá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

sóma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ūtíbhiḥ ← ūtí- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

kā́vyā ← kā́vya- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

víśvāni ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

पव॑स्व । वा॒चः । अ॒ग्रि॒यः । सोम॑ । चि॒त्राभिः॑ । ऊ॒तिऽभिः॑ ।
अ॒भि । विश्वा॑नि । काव्या॑ ॥

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• vāco ← vācaḥ ← vāc
• [noun], genitive, singular, feminine
• “speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”

• agriyaḥ ← agriya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• soma
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• citrābhir ← citrābhiḥ ← citra
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “manifold; extraordinary; beautiful; divers(a); varicolored; bright; bright; bright; outstanding; agitated; aglitter(p); brilliant; painted; obvious; patched; bizarre.”

• ūtibhiḥ ← ūti
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “aid; favor; ūti [word].”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• viśvāni ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• kāvyā ← kāvya
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “Uśanas; poem; Kāvya; wisdom.”

हे सोम अग्रियः मुख्यस्त्वं चित्राभिः पूजनीयैः ऊतिभिः रक्षणैः सह वाचः अस्मदीयाः स्तुतीः अभि पवस्व । एतदेव दर्शयति । विश्वानि सर्वाणि काव्या काव्यानि स्तुत्यात्मकानि वाक्यानि अभि पवस्वेति ॥ ॥ २८ ॥

English translation:

“Soma, who are most excellent, flow with your marvellous protection towards our praises, towards all hymns (of praise).”

Purify yourself, Soma, with your bright help, going at the forefront of speech
toward all products of poetic skill.

Both Geldner and Renou supply an intermediate infinitive to govern víśvāni kā́vyā: “um alle Sehergabe zu gewinnen” and “en vue de (nous procurer) tous pouvoirs-poétiques” respectively - on what basis is completely unclear to me. I see no reason why it can’t simply be a goal, as I’ve taken it. See also comm. ad IX.75.1.

Soma, as leader of the song flow onward with thy wondrous aids,
For holy lore of every kind.

Läutere dich als Führer des Worts, o Soma, mit deinen wunderbaren Hilfen, um alle Sehergaben zu gewinnen!

Mit reichen Hülfen riesle du, des Liedes Führer, Soma, uns Die Dichtergaben alle zu.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे सौम्य ! (अग्रियः) आप जो कि हम लोगों मेंअग्रणी हैं, इससे (चित्राभिः ऊतिभिः) अनेकप्रकार की विचित्र रक्षाओं से (वाचः) अपनी आज्ञाविषयकवाणी को तथा (विश्वानि काव्या) सम्पूर्ण वेदादि काव्यों को (अभिरक्ष) सुरक्षित कीजिये॥२५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में परमेश्वर से रक्षार्थ प्रार्थना की गई है॥२५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे सौम्यस्वभावशालिन् ! (अग्रियः) यतोऽस्मास्वग्रणीर्भवान् अतः (चित्राभिः ऊतिभिः) बहुविधविचित्ररक्षाभिः (वाचः) स्वाज्ञाविषयिणीं वाचम् तथा (विश्वानि काव्या) समस्तवेदादिकाव्यानि (अभिरक्ष) सुरक्षयतु ॥२५॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तुवं᳓ समुद्रि᳓या अपो᳓
अग्रियो᳓ वा᳓च ईर᳓यन्
प᳓वस्व विश्वमेजय

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
apáḥ ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

samudríyāḥ ← samudríya- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

agriyáḥ ← agriyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

īráyan ← √īr- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vā́caḥ ← vā́c- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

pávasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

viśvamejaya ← viśvamejaya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

त्वम् । स॒मु॒द्रियाः॑ । अ॒पः । अ॒ग्रि॒यः । वाचः॑ । ई॒रय॑न् ।
पव॑स्व । वि॒श्व॒म्ऽए॒ज॒य॒ ॥

• tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• samudriyā ← samudriyāḥ ← samudriya
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “oceanic; oceanic.”

• apo ← apaḥ ← ap
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• ‘griyo ← agriyaḥ ← agriya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• vāca ← vācaḥ ← vāc
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”

• īrayan ← īray ← √īr
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “name; describe; propel; shoot; state; call; raise; expel; tell; enumerate.”

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• viśvamejaya
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

हे विश्वमेजय विश्वकम्पक सोम अग्रियः मुख्यः त्वं वाचः ईरयन् प्रेरयन् समुद्रियाः आन्तरिक्षाणि अपः उदकानि पवस्व धारया क्षर ॥

English translation:

“Agitator of all, do you who are the most excellent raising your voice, pour forth the waters of the firmament.”

You—going at the forefront, rousing the waters of the sea and the speeches—
purify yourself, o you who set everything in motion.

Because of the accentual difference between vācáḥ in 25a and vā́caḥ in 26b, we must construe the two superficially near-identical phrases vācó agriyáḥ and agriyó vā́caḥ quite differently. The first is a single constituent with dependent gen. vācáḥ, but in the 2nd agriyáḥ and acc pl. vā́caḥ belong to different constituents, despite their adjacency: vā́caḥ is the (or rather, an) obj. of īráyan.

Do thou as leader of the song, stirring the waters of the sea,
Flow onward, thou who movest all.

Läutere dich, du Allerreger, die Wasser des Meeres erregend und als Wortführer die Reden anregend!

Der du als Führer des Gesangs des Meeres Fluten strömen lässt, O riesle, allbelebender!

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (विश्वमेजय) हे सब संसार को भय सेअपने वश में रखनेवाले ! आप (अग्रियः) प्रधानहैं(वाचः ईरयन्) अपने अनुशासन द्वारा (समुद्रियाः अपः) समुद्रसम्बन्धी जलों को (पवस्व) निर्बाध करिये॥२६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में परमात्मा की कृपा से ही सब पदार्थ निर्विघ्र रह सकते हैं, अन्यथा नहीं, इसी का वर्णन किया गया है॥२६॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (विश्वमेजय) भयङ्करतयाखिलजगद्वशकर्त्तः ! हे परमात्मन् ! भवान् (अग्रियः) मुख्योऽस्ति (वाचः ईरयन्) स्वानुशासनेन (समुद्रियाः अपः) सागरसम्बन्धिजलानि (पवस्व) बाधारहितानि करोतु ॥२६॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तु᳓भ्येमा᳓ भु᳓वना कवे
महिम्ने᳓ सोम तस्थिरे
तु᳓भ्यम् अर्षन्ति सि᳓न्धवः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
bhúvanā ← bhúvana- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

imā́ ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

kave ← kaví- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

túbhya ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

mahimné ← mahimán- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

soma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

tasthire ← √sthā- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

arṣanti ← √arṣ- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

síndhavaḥ ← síndhu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

túbhyam ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

तुभ्य॑ । इ॒मा । भुव॑ना । क॒वे॒ । म॒हि॒म्ने । सो॒म॒ । त॒स्थि॒रे॒ ।
तुभ्य॑म् । अ॒र्ष॒न्ति॒ । सिन्ध॑वः ॥

• tubhyemā ← tubhya ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• tubhyemā ← imā ← idam
• [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• bhuvanā ← bhuvana
• [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
• “Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”

• kave ← kavi
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

• mahimne ← mahiman
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “greatness; power; mahiman.”

• soma
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• tasthire ← sthā
• [verb], plural, Perfect indicative
• “stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”

• tubhyam ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• arṣanti ← ṛṣ
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “run.”

• sindhavaḥ ← sindhu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “river; Indus; sindhu [word].”

हे कवे क्रान्तकर्मन् सोम तुभ्य तुभ्यं तव महिम्ने इमा इमानि भुवना भुवनानि तस्थिरे तिष्ठन्ति । त्वामेव पुरस्कुर्वन्तीत्यर्थः। अपि च सिन्धवः नद्यः तुभ्यम् एव अर्षन्ति गच्छन्ति । त्वदाज्ञामेवानुपालयन्तीत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“O sage (Soma) in your might do these worlds stand; to you the rivers hasten.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

I.e. these worlds honour you; the rivers observe your bidding

For you, o poet, do these worlds here take their stand, for your
greatness, o Soma;
for you do the rivers rush. ᳓

O Soma, O thou Sage, these worlds stand ready to attest thy might:
For thy behoof the rivers flow.

Deiner Hoheit haben sich, o Seher Soma, diese Welten gefügt, für dich fließen die Ströme.

Es standen, weiser Soma, dir die Welten hier zur Macht bereit, Es rinnen dir die Ströme zu.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प्र᳓ ते दिवो᳓ न᳓ वृष्ट᳓यो
धा᳓रा यन्ति असश्च᳓तः
अभि᳓ शुक्रा᳓म् उपस्ति᳓रम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
diváḥ ← dyú- ~ div- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:M, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)

prá ← prá (invariable)

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

vr̥ṣṭáyaḥ ← vr̥ṣṭí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

asaścátaḥ ← asaścát- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

dhā́rāḥ ← dhā́rā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

yanti ← √i- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

śukrā́m ← śukrá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

upastíram ← upastír- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

प्र । ते॒ । दि॒वः । न । वृ॒ष्टयः॑ । धाराः॑ । य॒न्ति॒ । अ॒स॒श्चतः॑ ।
अ॒भि । शु॒क्राम् । उ॒प॒ऽस्तिर॑म् ॥

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• divo ← divaḥ ← div
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• vṛṣṭayo ← vṛṣṭayaḥ ← vṛṣṭi
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “rain; shower; rainy season.”

• dhārā ← dhārāḥ ← dhārā
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

• yanty ← yanti ← i
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

• asaścataḥ ← asaścat
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “inexhaustible.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• śukrām ← śukra
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “bright; clear; white; light; pure.”

• upastiram ← upastir
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine

हे सोम ते तव असश्चतः असङ्गाः धाराः दिवः अन्तरिक्षात् वृष्टयः न वर्षाणीव शुक्रां शुक्लवर्णां शुक्लवर्णैः अविलोमभिर्निर्मितम् उपस्तिरम् उपस्तीर्यमाणं पवित्रम् अभि प्रति प्र यन्ति ॥

English translation:

“Your unconnected streams descend like the rian from heaven upon the white outspread (fleece).”

Like rains from heaven your streams go forth inexhaustible,
toward the gleaming underlayer.

The first two pādas are simply a word-order variant of IX.57.1ab prá te dhā́rā asaścáto, divó ná yanti vṛṣṭáyaḥ.

Like showers of rain that fall from heaven thy streams perpetually flow
To the bright fleece spread under them.

Deine Strahlen fließen unversieglich wie die Regenströme des Himmels über die helle Unterlage.

Es schreiten deine Strome vor wie Himmels Regen, flutenreich Zum hellen Ueberwurf der Streu.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे सेनापते ! (दिवः वृष्टयः न) जिस प्रकार आकाश से जल की अनेक धाराओं का पात होता है, उसी प्रकार (ते) आपकी (धाराः) रक्षक सेनायें (असश्चतः) पृथक्-पृथक्(प्रयन्ति) इधर-उधर विचरती हैं और (शुक्राम् अभि) अपनी रक्षणीय पवित्र प्रजा को (उपस्तिरम्) भली-भाँति अनुगृहीत करती हैं॥२८॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जिस प्रकार सेनापति की सेनायें इतस्ततः विचरती हुई उसके महत्त्व को बतलाती हैं, उसी प्रकार अनन्त ब्रह्माण्ड परमात्मा के महत्त्व को सेनाओं की नाईं सुशोभित करते हैं॥२८॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे चमूपते ! (दिवः वृष्टयः न) यथा नभस्तोऽनेकजलधारापातस्तथा (ते) भवतः (धाराः) रक्षाकर्त्र्यः सेनाः (असश्चतः) पृथक् पृथक् (प्रयन्ति) इतस्ततो विचरन्ति तथा (शुक्राम् अभि) स्वपवनीयप्रजाः (उपस्तिरम्) बाढमनुगृह्णन्ति ॥२८॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इ᳓न्द्राये᳓न्दुम् पुनीतन
उग्रं᳓ द᳓क्षाय सा᳓धनम्
ईशानं᳓ वीति᳓राधसम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
índrāya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

índum ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

punītana ← √pū- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

dákṣāya ← dákṣa- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

sā́dhanam ← sā́dhana- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ugrám ← ugrá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

īśānám ← √īś- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

vītírādhasam ← vītírādhas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

इन्द्रा॑य । इन्दु॑म् । पु॒नी॒त॒न॒ । उ॒ग्रम् । दक्षा॑य । साध॑नम् ।
ई॒शा॒नम् । वी॒तिऽरा॑धसम् ॥

• indrāyendum ← indrāya ← indra
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāyendum ← indum ← indu
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• punītanograṃ ← punītana ← pū
• [verb], plural, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• punītanograṃ ← ugram ← ugra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”

• dakṣāya ← dakṣa
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “Dakṣa; ability; cock; fitness; will; purpose; disposition; cock.”

• sādhanam ← sādhana
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “effective; performing.”

• īśānaṃ ← īśānam ← īś
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

• vītirādhasam ← vīti
• [noun], feminine

• vītirādhasam ← rādhasam ← rādhas
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”

हे ऋत्विजः उग्रम् उद्गूर्णं दक्षाय बलस्य साधनं करणम् ईशानं धनानामीश्वरं वीतिराधसं दत्तधनम् इन्दुं सोमम् इन्द्राय इन्द्रार्थं पुनीतन पुनीत ॥

English translation:

“Purify for Indra the fierce Indu, the means of strength, the lord (of wealth), the giver of riches.”

For Indra purify the drop, the strong one bringing success to skill, the lord whose largesse is worth pursuing.

Although it may not be clear from the Engl. tr., the phrase beginning “the strong one … the lord” refer to Soma (in the acc.), not Indra (in the dat.).

For potent Indra purify Indu effectual and strong,
Enjoyment-giver, Mighty Lord.

Für Indra läutert den Saft, den gewaltigen, der Wirkenskraft förderlichen, den mächtigen, der Freigebigkeit liebt!

Dem Indra macht den Indu hell, dem starken den, der kräftig hilft, Den Herrscher, der Genuss gewährt.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे प्रजालोगो ! जो कि (उग्रम्) महातेजस्वी है और (दक्षाय साधनम्) जिसके द्वारा तुम लोग दक्ष अर्थात् सर्वकार्यों में कुशल हो सकते हो और जो (ईशानम्) स्वयं परमैश्वर्य को प्राप्त करने में समर्थ है और (वीतिराधसम्) जो सब प्रकार के ऐश्वर्यों का दाता है, ऐसे (इन्दुम्) अपने ऐश्वर्यशाली सेनाधीश को (इन्द्राय)ऐश्वर्यसम्पन्नहोने के लिये (पुनीतन) सब सम्मिलित होकर यथाशक्ति उपसेवन करो॥२९॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में सेनापति की आज्ञापालन करना कथन किया गया है। जो लोग ऐश्वर्यशाली होना चाहें, वे अपने सेनाधीश की आज्ञा का पालन करें॥२९॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे प्रजावर्ग ! यो हि (उग्रम्) अत्यन्ततेजस्वी अस्ति अथ च (दक्षाय साधनम्) येन भवन्तः समस्तकृत्येषु कौशलत्वं प्राप्तुं शक्नुवन्ति, अथ च यः (ईशानम्) स्वयमेवैश्वर्यप्रापणे प्रभुरस्ति, तथा (वीतिराधसम्) यश्च सर्वविधैश्वर्यदातास्ति एवं भूतम् (इन्दुम्) ऐश्वर्यशालिनं स्वकीयं सेनाधिपतिं (इन्द्राय) सर्वैश्वर्यसम्पन्नतायै (पुनीतन) सङ्घीभूय यथाशक्त्युपसेवनं कुर्वन्तु ॥२९॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - जमदग्निः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प᳓वमान ऋतः᳓ कविः᳓
सो᳓मः पवि᳓त्रम् आ᳓सदत्
द᳓धत् स्तोत्रे᳓ सुवी᳓रियम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
kavíḥ ← kaví- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

pávamānaḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

r̥táḥ ← r̥tá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

asadat ← √sad- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

pavítram ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

sómaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

dádhat ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

stotré ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

suvī́ryam ← suvī́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

पव॑मानः । ऋ॒तः । क॒विः । सोमः॑ । प॒वित्र॑म् । आ । अ॒स॒द॒त् ।
दध॑त् । स्तो॒त्रे । सु॒ऽवीर्य॑म् ॥

• pavamāna ← pavamānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• ṛtaḥ ← ṛta
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “timely; honest.”

• kaviḥ ← kavi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

• somaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• pavitram ← pavitra
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “strainer.”

• āsadat ← āsad ← √sad
• [verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
• “approach; attack; sit down; approach; find; arrive.”

• dadhat ← dhā
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• stotre ← stotṛ
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “laudatory; worshiping.”

• suvīryam ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• suvīryam ← vīryam ← vīrya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “potency; vīrya; heroism; potency; strength; semen; power; deed; active agent; efficacy; vīryapāramitā; gold; vigor; vīrya [word]; virility; manfulness; jewel; force.”

ऋतः सत्यभूतः कविः क्रान्तकर्मा पवमानः सोमः अस्मदीये स्तोत्रे सुवीर्यं शोभनवीर्यं दधत् प्रयच्छन् पवित्रमासदत् आसीदति ॥ ॥ २९ ॥

English translation:

“The truthful seer, Pavamaāna Soma, sits down upon the filter, giving great energy to the worshipper.”

Self-purifying Soma, the entruthed poet, has sat in the filter,
establishing for the praiser an abundance of heroes.

On the masc. ṛtáḥ and the phrase ṛtáḥ kavíḥ see comm. ad VIII.60.5, which contains the same phrase, save for sandhi variation.

Soma, true, Pavamana, Sage, is seated in the cleansing sieve,
Giving his praiser hero strength.

Pavamana Soma, der wahrhafte Seher, hat sich auf die Seihe gesetzt, dem Sänger die Meisterschaft bringend.

Der heil’ge Seher, flammend hell, der Soma senkte sich ins Sieb, Dem Sänger schenk’ er Heldenkraft.

• पवमानः सोमः
• जमदग्निः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (पवमान) हे सबके रक्षक ! आप (ऋतः) सत्यता को धारण करनेवाले (कविः) विद्वान् (सोमः) उदार हैं और (स्तोत्रे सुवीर्यम्दधत्) अपने स्तोताओं तथा अनुयायियों के लिये सुन्दर पराक्रम को धारण करते हुए (पवित्रम् आसदत्) सत्कर्मी तथा सुरक्षित करते हैं॥३०॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में राजधर्म की रक्षार्थ परिश्रमी बनने के लिये ईश्वर से प्रार्थना की गई है॥३०॥ यह ६२ वाँ सूक्त और २९ वाँ वर्ग समाप्त हुआ।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (पवमान) हे जगद्रक्षक ! भवान् (ऋतः) सत्यशीलः (कविः) पण्डितः (सोमः) उदारचित्तोऽस्ति। अथ च (स्तोत्रे सुवीर्यं दधत्) स्वीयस्तोतॄन् अनुयायिवर्गांश्च पराक्रमशीलान् कुर्वन् (पवित्रे आसदत्) सत्कर्मी करोति सुरक्षति च ॥३०॥ इति द्विषष्टितमं सूक्तमेकोनत्रिंशो वर्गश्च समाप्तः।