०६०

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अवत्सारः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प्र᳓ गायत्रे᳓ण गायत
प᳓वमानं वि᳓चर्षणिम्
इ᳓न्दुं सह᳓स्रचक्षसम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
gāyata ← √gā(y)- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

gāyatréṇa ← gāyatrá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)

pávamānam ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

vícarṣaṇim ← vícarṣaṇi- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

índum ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sahásracakṣasam ← sahásracakṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

प्र । गा॒य॒त्रेण॑ । गा॒य॒त॒ । पव॑मानम् । विऽच॑र्षणिम् ।
इन्दु॑म् । स॒हस्र॑ऽचक्षसम् ॥

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• gāyatreṇa ← gāyatra
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “Gāyatrī; Gāyatra.”

• gāyata ← gā
• [verb], plural, Present imperative
• “sing; praise; jap; recite; describe.”

• pavamānaṃ ← pavamānam ← pū
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• vicarṣaṇim ← vicarṣaṇi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “excellent.”

• induṃ ← indum ← indu
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• sahasracakṣasam ← sahasra
• [noun], neuter
• “thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”

• sahasracakṣasam ← cakṣasam ← cakṣas
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “eye; look; radiance.”

विचर्षणिं विद्रष्टारं सहस्रचक्षसं बहुदर्शनं पवमानं पूयमानम् इन्दुं सोमं गायत्रेण गायत्रनामधेयेन साम्ना प्र गायत हे स्तोतारः गानं कुरुते । स्तुतेत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“Hymn with a gāyatrī hymn, Indu the purifier, the all-beholding, the thousand-eyed.”

Sing forth with a song to the boundless self-purifying one,
the drop with a thousand eyes.

The tr. “sing forth with a song” is meant to capture the etymological relationship of gāyatréṇa gāyata, but gāyatrá- of course refers more technically to a hymn in Gāyatrī meter

• as this one indeed is.

SING forth and laud with sacred song most active Pavamana, laud
Indu who sees with thousand eyes.

Besinget mit sangbarem Liede den ausgezeichneten Pavamana, den tausendäugigen Saft!

Auf, singet nun mit eurem Sang dem flammenden, beweglichen, Indu, dem tausendäugigen.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अवत्सारः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

अब उसके गुणों के कीर्त्तन से परमात्मा की स्तुति करते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे होता लोगों ! तुम (इन्दुम्) परमैश्वर्यसम्पन्न (पवमानम्) सबको पवित्र करनेवाले (सहस्रचक्षसम्) अनेकविध वेदादिवाणीवाले (विचर्षणिम्) सर्वद्रष्टा परमात्मा को (गायत्रेण) गायत्रादि छन्दों से (प्रगायत) गान करो॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा उपदेश करता है कि हे मनुष्यों ! तुम वेदाध्ययन से अपने आपको पवित्र करो॥१॥

अत्र तद्गुणकीर्तनेन परमात्मा स्तूयते।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे होतारो जनाः ! यूयं (इन्दुम्) परमैश्वर्यसम्पन्नं (पवमानम्) सर्वपवितारं (सहस्रचक्षसम्) बहुविधवेदादिशब्दवन्तं (विचर्षणिम्) सर्वद्रष्टारं परमात्मानं (गायत्रेण) गायत्रादिछन्दसा (प्रगायत) गानं कुरुत ॥१॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अवत्सारः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तं᳓ त्वा सह᳓स्रचक्षसम्
अ᳓थो सह᳓स्रभर्णसम्
अ᳓ति वा᳓रम् अपाविषुः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
sahásracakṣasam ← sahásracakṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

tám ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

tvā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}

átha ← átha (invariable)

sahásrabharṇasam ← sahásrabharṇas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

u ← u (invariable)

apāviṣuḥ ← √pū- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

áti ← áti (invariable)

vā́ram ← vā́ra- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

त्वम् । त्वा॒ । स॒हस्र॑ऽचक्षसम् । अथो॒ इति॑ । स॒हस्र॑ऽभर्णसम् ।
अति॑ । वार॑म् । अ॒पा॒वि॒षुः॒ ॥

• taṃ ← tam ← tad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• tvā ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, singular
• “you.”

• sahasracakṣasam ← sahasra
• [noun], neuter
• “thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”

• sahasracakṣasam ← cakṣasam ← cakṣas
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “eye; look; radiance.”

• atho
• [adverb]
• “now; but; furthermore.”

• sahasrabharṇasam ← sahasrabharṇas
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine

• ati
• [adverb]
• “very; excessively; beyond; excessively.”

• vāram ← vāra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “strainer.”

• apāviṣuḥ ← pū
• [verb], plural, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

हे सोम सहस्रचक्षसं बहुदर्शनम् अथो अपि च सहस्रभर्णसं बहुभरणं तम् अभिषुतं त्वा त्वां वारं वालं दशापवित्रम् अति अपाविषुः ऋत्विजः पावयन्ति ॥

English translation:

“You, the thousand-eyed, and the supporter of thousands, they make to flow through the filter.”

You, possessing a thousand eyes and bringing a thousand presents, they have purified across the fleece.

The deriv. -bharṇas- in sahásra-bharṇas- is somewhat puzzling: it is difficult to see what motivated its formation and indeed to fix its meaning. It is found 4x (once as a repetition), only in IX, always in the acc. sg. occupying the last 6 syllables of a dimeter line (here, IX.64.25 [=98.1], 64.26), modifying Soma (here), vā́c- (IX.64.25, 26), rayí- (IX.98.1), though the referent never appears in the pāda with the adj. and so the adj. is loosely connected with its referent at best. Here it is obviously meant to match sahásra-cakṣas- ‘having a thousand eyes’ in the same metrical position in the preceding pāda, and for this reason I think it possible that this passage is the locus for its creation. But the match is not very good: though both are -as-stems, the suffixes (-nas- versus -as-) aren’t superimposable.

The semantic match is also quite imperfect: whatever -bharṇas- means, it is certainly not a body part like cákṣas-. Since many nominal derivatives of √bhṛ fall in the semantic domain of ‘present, offering’ and such a meaning fits a ritual context, that seems a safe bet and would work with rayí-, though it fits vā́c- somewhat less well. With a confidence whose basis is not clear, Renou rejects the notion of ‘offrande’ and asserts that “le suffix -nas- fait décider pour «bénefice (qu’on tire du culte sômique)»,” for reasons he fails to give. Geldner by contrast tr. “Tausendaufwiegenden” with a question mark, which he then glosses (n. 2b) with “Tausendwertigen.” Insofar as the suffix -nas- tells us anything (and the -n- is not there just to supply the heavy syllable that a straight -as-stem sahásra-*bharas- would lack), it suggests a meaning in the realm of “stuff,” material substance, esp. with regard to substances of value: cf. rékṇas- ‘inheritance, legacy’, dráviṇas- ‘material goods, chattels’, ápnas- ‘property’, all with Aves. cognates - so that ‘bringing a thousand (material) presents’ would fit reasonably in this group. AiG II.2.738 glosses -bharṇas- with ‘Darbringung’ and considers it probably inherited, despite the lack of non-Indic correspondents. Given its extremely limited distribution, indeed the strong possibility that it was originally created in one passage, I consider inheritance unlikely; rather, it was probably formed as a near nonce on the basis of the inherited words just cited.

IX,60.2-3: Here the chaining is slightly inexact: 2c áti vā́ram / 3a áti vā́rān, each followed by a verbal form of √pū.

Thee who hast thousand eyes to see, bearer of thousand burthens, they
Have filtered through the fleecy cloth.

Dich, den Tausendäugigen und Tausendaufwiegenden haben sie durch die Seihe geläutert.

Jetzt liessen durch die Wolle sie dich, der du tausend Augen hast Und tausend Gaben, rieseln hin.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अवत्सारः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (तम् त्वा) लोकप्रसिद्ध उन आपको स्तोता लोग (अति) अत्यन्त (अपाविषुः) स्तुति द्वारा प्रकाशित करते हैं। जो आप (सहस्रचक्षसम्) अनके वेदवाक् के रचयिताहैंतथा (सहस्रभर्णसम्) सम्पूर्ण जीवों के पोषक हैं और (वारम्) भजनीय हैं॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में परमात्मा की सर्वज्ञता का वर्णन किया गया है और एकमात्र उसी को उपास्यदेव वर्णन किया है॥२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (तम् त्वा) लोकप्रसिद्धं त्वां स्तोतारो जनाः (अति) अत्यन्तं (अपाविषुः) स्तुतिद्वारा प्रकाशितं कुर्वन्ति। यो भवान् (सहस्रचक्षसम्) अनेकवेदवाग्रचयितास्ति तथा (सहस्रभर्णसम्) सर्वेषां जीवानां पोषकः, अथ च (वारम्) भजनीयोऽस्ति ॥२॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अवत्सारः
• छन्दः - पुरउष्णिक्

अ᳓ति वा᳓रान् प᳓वमानो असिष्यदत्
कल᳓शाँ अभि᳓ धावति
इ᳓न्द्रस्य हा᳓र्दि आविश᳓न्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; 12 = 8+4
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
asiṣyadat ← √syand- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

áti ← áti (invariable)

pávamānaḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

vā́rān ← vā́ra- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

dhāvati ← √dhāv- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

kaláśān ← kaláśa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

āviśán ← √viś- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

hā́rdi ← hā́rdi ~ hr̥d- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

índrasya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

अति॑ । वारा॑न् । पव॑मानः । अ॒सि॒स्य॒द॒त् । क॒लशा॑न् । अ॒भि । धा॒व॒ति॒ ।
इन्द्र॑स्य । हार्दि॑ । आ॒ऽवि॒शन् ॥

• ati
• [adverb]
• “very; excessively; beyond; excessively.”

• vārān ← vāra
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “strainer.”

• pavamāno ← pavamānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• asiṣyadat ← syand
• [verb], singular, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)
• “run.”

• kalaśāṃ ← kalaśa
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “jar.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• dhāvati ← dhāv
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “run; run; wash.”

• indrasya ← indra
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• hārdy ← hārdi
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “heart.”

• āviśan ← āviś ← √viś
• [verb], plural, Imperfect
• “enter; overwhelm; possess; approach; afflict; enter (a state); reach; wear.”

पवमानः पूयमानः सोमः वारान् अवेर्वालान् अति अतिक्रम्य असिष्यदत् स्यन्दते । अपि च इन्द्रस्य हार्दि हृदयम् आविशन् कलशान् द्रोणान् अभि धावति अभिगच्छति ॥

English translation:

“The purifier trickles through the hairs of the filter; he hastens to the pitchers, entering Indra’s heart.”

Across the fleeces the self-purifying one has streamed. He runs into the tubs, entering the heart of Indra.

This vs. is in Puraüṣṇih meter (12 8 / 8), i.e., a Gāyatrī with an extended first pāda.

This pāda is almost at the exact center of the hymn, preceded by 6 pādas, followed by 5. The positioning seems deliberate.

He, Pavamana, hath streamed through the fleece then: he runs into the jars,
Finding his way to Indra’s heart.

Pavamana ist durch die Haarseihe gelaufen, er rinnt auf die Krüge zu, in Indra´s Herz einziehend.

Schon hat die Wolle er durchströmt und eilet jetzt den Schalen zu; Er dringet ein in Indra’s Bauch.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अवत्सारः
• निचृदुष्णिक्
• ऋषभः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! आप (इन्द्रस्य हार्दि आविशन्) विज्ञानी के हृदय में निवास करते हुए (वारान् अति पवमानः) अपने उपासकों को अत्यन्त पवित्र करते हुए (कलशान् अभि धावति) उनके अन्तःकरणों में आप प्रादुर्भूत होते हुए (असिष्यदत्) सर्वत्र अपनी स्यन्दनशील शक्तियों से पूरित हैं॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा ज्ञानप्रद होकर शुद्धान्तःकरणों में सदैव विराजमान रहता है, इसलिये परमात्मज्ञान के लिये बुद्धि का निर्मल करना अत्यावश्यक है॥३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे जगदीश्वर ! भवान् (इन्द्रस्य हार्दि आविशन्) विज्ञानिनां हृदये निवसन् (वारान् अति पवमानः) स्वोपासकानतिपवित्रयन् (कलशान् अभि धावति) तेषामन्तःकरणेषु स्वयं प्रादुर्भवन् (असिष्यदत्) सर्वत्र स्वस्यन्दनशीलशक्तिभिः पूरितोऽस्ति ॥३॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अवत्सारः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इ᳓न्द्रस्य सोम रा᳓धसे
श᳓म् पवस्व विचर्षणे
प्रजा᳓वद् रे᳓त आ᳓ भर

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
índrasya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

rā́dhase ← rā́dhas- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

soma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

pavasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

śám ← śám (invariable)

vicarṣaṇe ← vícarṣaṇi- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

bhara ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

prajā́vat ← prajā́vant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

rétaḥ ← rétas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

इन्द्र॑स्य । सो॒म॒ । राध॑से । शम् । प॒व॒स्व॒ । वि॒ऽच॒र्ष॒णे॒ ।
प्र॒जाऽव॑त् । रेतः॑ । आ । भ॒र॒ ॥

• indrasya ← indra
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• soma
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• rādhase ← rādhas
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”

• śam
• [adverb]
• “śam [word].”

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• vicarṣaṇe ← vicarṣaṇi
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “excellent.”

• prajāvad ← prajāvat
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “prolific.”

• reta ← retaḥ ← retas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “semen; sperm.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• bhara ← bhṛ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

हे विचर्षणे विद्रष्टः त्वम् इन्द्रस्य राधसे राधनाय संसिद्ध्यै शं सुखकरं रसं पवस्व क्षर । अपि चास्मभ्यं प्रजावत् पुत्राद्युपेतं रेतः उदकमन्नं वा आ भर आहर । प्रयच्छेत्यर्थः॥ ॥१७॥ ॥२॥

English translation:

“All-beholding Soma, flow plural asantly for Indra’s gratification; bring (us) food with male offspring.”

For the generosity of Indra, purify yourself as luck, o boundless Soma. Bring here semen providing offspring.

In addition to the chaining with the previous vs. (on which see immediately above), this vs. participates in other verbal echoes, as noted in the published introduction. The end of the 2nd pāda vicarṣaṇe forms a ring with vícarṣanim at the end of the 2nd pāda of vs. 1, and the last pāda, prajā́vad réta ā́bhara, is identical to the last pāda of the first vs. of the immediately preceding hymn, IX.59.1 prajā́vad rátnam ā́bhara, with the substitution of rétaḥ for rátnam. In our case the semen (rétaḥ) would be both the actual semen that produces offspring and the liquid soma that mimics it.

That Indra may be bounteous, flow, most active Soma, for our weal:
Bring genial seed with progeny.

Für Indra´s Freigebigkeit läutere dich recht, du ausgezeichneter Soma, bring uns fruchtbaren Samen!

O thät’ger, riesle uns zum Heil, dem Indra, dass er Schatz verleih, Bring’ Samen uns, der Kinder zeugt.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अवत्सारः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे परमात्मन् ! (इन्द्रस्य राधसे) कर्मयोगी के ऐश्वर्य के लिये आप (शं पवस्व) आनन्द का क्षरण कीजिये और (प्रजावत् रेतम् आभर)प्रजादिकों से सम्पन्न ऐश्वर्य को परिपूर्ण करिये॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में परमात्मा से अभ्युदय की प्रार्थना की गई है कि हे परमात्मन् ! आप हमको कर्मयोगी बनाकर अभ्युदयशील बनाएँ॥४॥ यह ६० वाँ सूक्त और १७ वाँ वर्ग समाप्त हुआ ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे जगदीश्वर ! (इन्द्रस्य राधसे) कर्मयोगिनामैश्वर्य्याय भवान् (शम् पवस्व) आमोदस्य क्षरणं करोतु। अथ च (प्रजावत् रेतम् आभर) प्रजादिभिर्युतमैश्वर्यं परिपूर्णं करोतु ॥४॥ इति षष्टितमं सूक्तं सप्तदशो वर्गश्च समाप्तः ॥