सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
सायण-भाष्यम्
“यवंयवं नः’ इति चतुर्ऋचमेकत्रिंशं सूक्तं काश्यपस्यावत्सारस्यार्षं गायत्रं पवमानसोमदेवताकम् । ‘यवंयवम्’ इत्यनुक्रान्तम् । गतो विनियोगः ॥
Jamison Brereton
55 (767)
Soma Pavamāna
Avatsāra Kāśyapa
4 verses: gāyatrī
The first three verses of the hymn are unified by a reference to the stalk (ándhas) of the soma plant, although the role of the stalk is somewhat vague. Verse 1 is notable for its mention of agriculture, though again the relevance is not entirely clear. The martial Soma is on display in verse 4.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The first three vss. of this hymn all contain a form of the stem ándhas- ‘stalk’. On this word see comm. ad IV.1.19; the tr. of Geldner (“Trank”) and Renou (“jus”) are misleading.
53-60 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
The next 8 hymns, the last ones before the lengthy hymns assembled from tṛcas (IX.61-68) that end the dimeter collection, are attributed to Avatsāra Kāśyapa. All of them contain four vss., and a number of them are structured such that the first three vss. form a unity, with the last vs. stylistically or thematically contrastive or completive. See esp.
IX.53-57. Oldenberg tends to analyze them as a tṛca with Schlussvers, which is strictly accurate, but I think the point is the interplay of 3+1.
01 यवंयवं नो - गायत्री
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य᳓वं-यवं नो अ᳓न्धसा
पुष्ट᳓म्-पुष्टम् प᳓रि स्रव
सो᳓म वि᳓श्वा च सउ᳓भगा
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
यवं॑यवं नो॒ अन्ध॑सा पु॒ष्टम्पु॑ष्टं॒ परि॑ स्रव ।
सोम॒ विश्वा॑ च॒ सौभ॑गा ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - पवमानः सोमः
- ऋषिः - अवत्सारः
- छन्दः - गायत्री
Thomson & Solcum
य᳓वं-यवं नो अ᳓न्धसा
पुष्ट᳓म्-पुष्टम् प᳓रि स्रव
सो᳓म वि᳓श्वा च सउ᳓भगा
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
Morph
ándhasā ← ándhas- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
yávaṁ-yavam ← yáva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
pári ← pári (invariable)
puṣṭám-puṣṭam ← √puṣ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
srava ← √sru- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
ca ← ca (invariable)
saúbhagā ← saúbhaga- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
sóma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
víśvā ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
पद-पाठः
यव॑म्ऽयवम् । नः॒ । अन्ध॑सा । पु॒ष्टम्ऽपु॑ष्टम् । परि॑ । स्र॒व॒ ।
सोम॑ । विश्वा॑ । च॒ । सौभ॑गा ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- yavaṃ ← yavam ← yava
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “barley; yava; barleycorn; yava [word]; yava; yavakṣāra; grain.”
- yavaṃ ← yavam ← yava
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “barley; yava; barleycorn; yava [word]; yava; yavakṣāra; grain.”
- no ← naḥ ← mad
- [noun], dative, plural
- “I; mine.”
- andhasā ← andhas
- [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
- “Soma; drink; amṛta.”
- puṣṭaṃ ← puṣṭam ← puṣṭa
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “prosperity; property.”
- puṣṭaṃ ← puṣṭam ← puṣṭa
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “prosperity; property.”
- pari
- [adverb]
- “from; about; around.”
- srava ← sru
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “discharge; issue; run; filter; discharge; liquefy; ejaculate; fail; disappear; leak; fester.”
- soma
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
- viśvā ← viśva
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
- ca
- [adverb]
- “and; besides; then; now; even.”
- saubhagā ← saubhaga
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “well-being.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे सोम त्वं नः अस्माकं पुष्टंपुष्टं बहुलं यवंयवं पुनःपुनर्युतं रसम् अन्धसा अन्नात्मना परि स्रव धारया क्षर ॥ अत्र प्रार्थयितुस्तृष्णयात्यन्तं पीडितत्वात् “ आबाधे च ’ (पा. सू. ८.१.१०) इति द्विर्भावः । पीडा प्रयोक्तृधर्मो नाभिधेयधर्म इत्युक्तम् ॥ अपि च विश्वा विश्वानि सौभगा सौभगानि धनानि परि स्रव ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Soma, pour forth (in a stream of) food, abundant soft-collected (juice), and all good things.”
Jamison Brereton
Stream around to us grain upon grain, fruiting upon fruiting with your stalk, o Soma, and all the gifts of good fortune.
Jamison Brereton Notes
As noted in the published introduction, this vs. is unusual in its reference to agriculture (see Ober. RdR II.118), in particular to ‘grain, barley’ (yáva-) in pāda a. Perhaps the fact that soma is a plant, and that its stalk (ándhas-) is prominent in this hymn, accounts for the implication that Soma has the ability to provide us with grain and its accompanying fruitfulness (puṣṭá-). It may also be an oblique ref. to the occasional mixing of soma with grain; see the enigmatic expression in IX.68.4.
Griffith
POUR on us with thy juice all kinds of corn, each sort of nourishment,
And, Soma, all felicities.
Geldner
Ströme uns mit deinem Tranke, o Soma, Korn über Korn, Wachstum über Wachstum zu, und alle Glücksgüter!
Grassmann
O ströme rings durch deinen Saft uns Korn auf Korn und Gut auf Gut Und alles Glück, o Soma, zu.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- पवमानः सोमः
- अवत्सारः
- गायत्री
- षड्जः
आर्यमुनि - विषयः
अब परमात्मा के अनन्तत्व अनेकवस्तुजनकत्व आदि गुणों का वर्णन करते हैं।
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे परमात्मन् ! आप (नः) हमारे लिये (अन्धसा) अन्नादिकों के सहित (पुष्टं पुष्टम्) अति बलप्रद (यवं यवम्) संचित अनेक पदार्थों को तथा (विश्वा च सौभगा) सम्पूर्ण सौभाग्य को (परिस्रव) उत्पन्न करिये॥१॥
आर्यमुनि - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - सम्पूर्ण ऐश्वर्य और सम्पूर्ण सौभाग्य को देनेवाला एकमात्र परमात्मा ही है, कोई अन्य नहीं॥१॥
आर्यमुनि (सं) - विषयः
अथ परमात्मनोऽनन्तत्वविविधवस्तूत्पादकत्वादिगुणा वर्ण्यन्ते।
आर्यमुनि (सं)- पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे जगदीश ! भवान् (नः) अस्मभ्यम् (अन्धसा) सहान्नादिभिः (पुष्टं पुष्टम्) अतिबलप्रदान् (यवं यवम्) सञ्चितानेकपदार्थान् तथा (विश्वा च सौभगा) सम्पूर्णसौभाग्यानि (परिस्रव) समुत्पादयतु ॥१॥
02 इन्दो यथा - गायत्री
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इ᳓न्दो य᳓था त᳓व स्त᳓वो
य᳓था ते जात᳓म् अ᳓न्धसः
नि᳓ बर्हि᳓षि प्रिये᳓ सदः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
इन्दो॒ यथा॒ तव॒ स्तवो॒ यथा॑ ते जा॒तमन्ध॑सः ।
नि ब॒र्हिषि॑ प्रि॒ये स॑दः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - पवमानः सोमः
- ऋषिः - अवत्सारः
- छन्दः - गायत्री
Thomson & Solcum
इ᳓न्दो य᳓था त᳓व स्त᳓वो
य᳓था ते जात᳓म् अ᳓न्धसः
नि᳓ बर्हि᳓षि प्रिये᳓ सदः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
Morph
índo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
stávaḥ ← stáva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
táva ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:SG}
yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)
ándhasaḥ ← ándhas- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:N, number:SG}
jātám ← √janⁱ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)
barhíṣi ← barhís- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}
ní ← ní (invariable)
priyé ← priyá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}
sadaḥ ← √sad- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
पद-पाठः
इन्दो॒ इति॑ । यथा॑ । तव॑ । स्तवः॑ । यथा॑ । ते॒ । जा॒तम् । अन्ध॑सः ।
नि । ब॒र्हिषि॑ । प्रि॒ये । स॒दः॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- indo ← indu
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”
- yathā
- [adverb]
- “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”
- tava ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- stavo ← stavaḥ ← stava
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “encomium; hymn; praise; praise.”
- yathā
- [adverb]
- “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- jātam ← jāta
- [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
- “kind; object; descendant; kin; being; reincarnation.”
- andhasaḥ ← andhas
- [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
- “Soma; drink; amṛta.”
- ni
- [adverb]
- “back; down.”
- barhiṣi ← barhis
- [noun], locative, singular, neuter
- “Barhis; barhis [word].”
- priye ← priya
- [noun], locative, singular, neuter
- “beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”
- sadaḥ ← sad
- [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे इन्दो सोम अन्धसः अन्नरूपस्य तव संबन्धी स्तवः स्तवनं स्तोत्रं तथा ते तव जातं जन्म यथा प्रादुर्भूतमस्ति तथा त्वं प्रिये प्रीणयितरि बर्हिषि अस्मद्यागे नि षदः निषण्णो भव॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Indu, since the praise of you as food, since your birth (has appeared), sit down upon the grass that plural ases (you).”
Jamison Brereton
O drop, just as there is praise of you (now), just as (the honey) has been born from your stalk,
(so) sit down on the dear ritual grass.
Jamison Brereton Notes
According to the opinio communis (Geldner, Renou, Lüders 204 [of IX.61.10], Klein DGRV I.402), jātám ándhasaḥ in pāda b (and the same expression in IX.61.10) contains a substantivized neut. ppl. jātám ‘birth’ with dep. gen. (e.g., Geldner “die Geburt deines Tranks”).
However, IX.18.2 mádhu prá jātám ándhasaḥ “the honey born from the stalk” suggests that ‘honey’ (vel sim.) should be supplied here as well, with ándhasaḥ an abl. of source, though Renou specifically rejects IX.18.2 as relevant for this passage.
The function of the two yáthā clauses is not altogether clear. I assume that they refer to the two prerequisites for the soma sacrifice: the verbal portion with its praise of the god Soma and the physical production of the ritual substance soma. With both accomplished, the god Soma can take his place on the ritual ground.
On injunc. sadaḥ as a functional impv. see comm. ad IX.2.2 and Hoffmann (Injunk. 263).
Griffith
As thine, O Indu, is the praise, and thine what springeth from the juice,
Seat thee on the dear sacred grass.
Geldner
Da ja dir der Lobpreis gebührt, o Saft, da ja die Geburt deines Tranks geschehen ist, so laß dich auf dem lieben Barhis nieder!
Grassmann
Da dein ist, Indu, alles Lob und dein was aus dem Kraut entquoll, So setz dich auf die liebe Streu,
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- पवमानः सोमः
- अवत्सारः
- गायत्री
- षड्जः
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे परमात्मन् ! (यथा तव स्तवः) जिस प्रकार आपका यश संसारभर में व्याप्त है और (यथा ते अन्धसः जातम्) जिस प्रकार अन्नादि पदार्थों का समूह आप ही ने रचा है, उसी प्रकार (निषदः प्रिये बर्हिषि) जो आपका प्रिय यज्ञस्थल है, उसमें आकर आप विराजमान होवें॥२॥
आर्यमुनि - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा यज्ञादि स्थानों को अपने विचित्र भावों से विभूषित करता है॥२॥
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे परमेश्वर ! (यथा तव स्तवः) येन प्रकारेण भवद्यशः सर्वस्मिन् संसारे व्याप्नोति अथ च (यथा ते अन्धसः जातम्) येन प्रकारेणान्नादिपदार्थानां राशिर्भवतैव निर्मितः तेनैव प्रकारेण (निषदः प्रिये बर्हिषि) यदिह भवतः प्रियं यज्ञपदं तस्मिन् आगत्य विराजताम् ॥२॥
03 उत नो - गायत्री
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उत᳓ नो गोवि᳓द् अश्ववि᳓त्
प᳓वस्व सोम अ᳓न्धसा
मक्षू᳓तमेभिर् अ᳓हभिः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
उ॒त नो॑ गो॒विद॑श्व॒वित्पव॑स्व सो॒मान्ध॑सा ।
म॒क्षूत॑मेभि॒रह॑भिः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - पवमानः सोमः
- ऋषिः - अवत्सारः
- छन्दः - गायत्री
Thomson & Solcum
उत᳓ नो गोवि᳓द् अश्ववि᳓त्
प᳓वस्व सोम अ᳓न्धसा
मक्षू᳓तमेभिर् अ᳓हभिः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
Morph
aśvavít ← aśvavíd- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
govít ← govíd- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
utá ← utá (invariable)
ándhasā ← ándhas- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}
pávasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
soma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
áhabhiḥ ← áhar ~ áhan- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:PL}
makṣū́tamebhiḥ ← makṣū́tama- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
पद-पाठः
उ॒त । नः॒ । गो॒ऽवित् । अ॒श्व॒ऽवित् । पव॑स्व । सो॒म॒ । अन्ध॑सा ।
म॒क्षुऽत॑मेभिः । अह॑ऽभिः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- uta
- [adverb]
- “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
- no ← naḥ ← mad
- [noun], dative, plural
- “I; mine.”
- govid ← go
- [noun], masculine
- “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
- govid ← vid
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “finding.”
- aśvavit ← aśva
- [noun], masculine
- “horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
- aśvavit ← vid
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “finding.”
- pavasva ← pū
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”
- somāndhasā ← soma
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
- somāndhasā ← andhasā ← andhas
- [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
- “Soma; drink; amṛta.”
- makṣūtamebhir ← makṣūtamebhiḥ ← makṣūtama
- [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
- “following.”
- ahabhiḥ ← aha
- [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
- “day; aha [word]; day.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
उत अपि च हे सोम नः अस्माकं गोवित् गोप्रदः अश्ववित् अश्वप्रदश्च त्वं मक्षूतमेभिः मक्षुतमैरतिशयेन शीघ्रैः अहभिः अहोभिर्हेतुभिः अन्धसा अन्नेन पवस्व धारया क्षर ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“And Soma, do you who are the giver of cattle, the giver of horses, flow to us in (a stream of) food as the days quickly pass.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
‘by reason (or by means) of the days quickly passing’
Jamison Brereton
And as cow-finder for us, horse-finder, purify yourself, Soma, with your stalk through the days soonest to come.
Griffith
And, finding for us kine and steeds, O Soma, with thy juice flow on
Through days that fly most rapidly.
Geldner
Und läutere dich, o Soma, mit deinem Tranke für uns als Rinderfinder, Rossefinder in den allernächsten Tagen!
Grassmann
Und riesle hell durch deinen Saft, o Soma, spendend Ross und Rind In allernächsten Tagen uns.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- पवमानः सोमः
- अवत्सारः
- निचृद्गायत्री
- षड्जः
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (उत नः) जो कि हमारे लिये (गोवित् अश्ववित्) गवाश्वादि ऐश्वर्य के प्रापक आप ही हैं, इसलिये (सोम) हे परमात्मन् ! (मक्षूतमेभिः अहभिः) अति अल्पकाल ही में (अन्धसा पवस्व) सम्पूर्ण अन्नादि समृद्धि से पवित्र करिये॥३॥
आर्यमुनि - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - सम्पूर्ण ऐश्वर्यों का अधिपति एकमात्र परमात्मा ही है, इसलिए उसी की उपासना और प्रार्थना करनी चाहिये॥३॥
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (उत नः) यो ह्यस्मभ्यं (गोवित् अश्ववित्) गवाद्यैश्वर्यप्रापको भवानेव, अतः (सोम) हे जगदाधार ! (मक्षूतमेभिः अहभिः)अचिरेणैव कालेन (अन्धसा पवस्व) समस्तान्नादिसमृद्ध्या पवित्रय ॥३॥
04 यो जिनाति - गायत्री
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
यो᳓ जिना᳓ति न᳓ जी᳓यते
ह᳓न्ति श᳓त्रुम् अभी᳓तिय
स᳓ पवस्व सहस्रजित्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
यो जि॒नाति॒ न जीय॑ते॒ हन्ति॒ शत्रु॑म॒भीत्य॑ ।
स प॑वस्व सहस्रजित् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - पवमानः सोमः
- ऋषिः - अवत्सारः
- छन्दः - गायत्री
Thomson & Solcum
यो᳓ जिना᳓ति न᳓ जी᳓यते
ह᳓न्ति श᳓त्रुम् अभी᳓तिय
स᳓ पवस्व सहस्रजित्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
Morph
jinā́ti ← √jyā- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
jī́yate ← √jyā- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
ná ← ná (invariable)
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
abhī́tya ← √i- 1 (root)
{non-finite:CVB}
hánti ← √han- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
śátrum ← śátru- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
pavasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
sahasrajit ← sahasrajít- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
यः । जि॒नाति॑ । न । जीय॑ते । हन्ति॑ । शत्रु॑म् । अ॒भि॒ऽइत्य॑ ।
सः । प॒व॒स्व॒ । स॒ह॒स्र॒ऽजि॒त् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- yo ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- jināti ← ji
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “overcome; cure; win; conquer; control; win; succeed; remove; beat; govern; surpass; suppress.”
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- jīyate ← ji
- [verb], singular, Indikativ Pr¦s. Passiv
- “overcome; cure; win; conquer; control; win; succeed; remove; beat; govern; surpass; suppress.”
- hanti ← han
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
- śatrum ← śatru
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “enemy; foe; enemy; Asura.”
- abhītya ← abhī ← √i
- [verb noun]
- “approach; enter.”
- sa ← tad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- pavasva ← pū
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”
- sahasrajit ← sahasra
- [noun], neuter
- “thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”
- sahasrajit ← jit
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “curative; removing; victorious; winning.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे सहस्रजित् असंख्यानां शत्रूणां जेतः सोम यः भवान् जिनाति शत्रून् हन्ति न जीयते स्वयं शत्रुभिर्न जीयते । न हन्यत इत्यर्थः । शत्रुमभीत्य शत्रुं स्वयमभ्येत्य हन्ति न च स्वयं शत्रुभिरभिभूयते सः त्वं पवस्व क्षर ॥ ॥ १२ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Flow forth, O conqueror of thousands, who conquers and is not conquered, and attacking slays his foe.”
Jamison Brereton
Who conquers and is not conquered, who smashes his rival on just confronting him—
as such a one, purify yourself, o winner of thousands.
Jamison Brereton Notes
As Renou points out, jinā́ti must belong to √jyā, so jī́yate, which is ambig. between √ji and √jyā, surely belongs to the latter as well. The tr. should be slightly emended to “who overpowers but is not overpowered.” The standard interpr. of the syntactic structure of the passage (Geldner, Renou, Ober RdR II.168, as well as the published translation) takes pādas a and b as all part of the rel. cl. introduced by initial yáḥ, with c as the main cl. and Soma as the subject both of ab and of c. This involves a shift in person, from 3rd (ab jinā́ti … jī́yate … hánti) to 2nd (c pavasva). Of course such shifts are commonplace in the RV, and in this case the sá introducing c is used by most tr. as a pivot (“as such”). However, the presence of sá is fully explained by its regular use with 2nd sg. impvs. (see my “sá figé” article) and need have nothing to do with the shift of person. I do think the standard interpr. of the vs. is probably right (even without the sá pivot), but I would point out that it’s not the only syntactically possible analysis: the rel. cl.
could encompass only pāda a, with b as the main cl. The accent on the verb in b, hánti, would be accounted for by its initial position in the pāda. The vs. could then be rendered “Who overpowers and is not overpowered, he smashes his rival on just confronting him.
Purify yourself …” The referent of the 3rd ps. in ab could still be Soma, but it could instead be the person for whom Soma purifies himself, with the happy results on the battlefield that arise from possessing the purified soma.
Griffith
As one who conquers, ne’er subdued, attacks and stays the enemy,
Thus, Vanquisher of thousands! flow.
Geldner
Der überwältigt, aber nicht überwältigt wird, der den Feind erschlägt, wenn er ihn angreift, als solcher läutere dich, du Tausendsieger!
Grassmann
Der stets du siegst, nie unterliegst, den Feind erreichst und ihn erschlägst, Viel Gut erbeutend riesle hell.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- पवमानः सोमः
- अवत्सारः
- निचृद्गायत्री
- षड्जः
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (यः जिनाति)जो आप सकल ब्रह्माण्डगत पदार्थों को आयुरहित कर देते हैं और (न जीयते) स्वयं कदापि निरायुष नहीं होते तथा (शत्रुम् अभीत्य हन्ति) जो आप अपनी व्याप्ति द्वारा शत्रुओं की शक्तियों को हर लेते हैं और स्वयं अहार्य शक्तिवाले हैं (सहस्रजित्) वह सर्वोपरिशक्तिसम्पन्न आप (पवस्व) हमको सुरक्षित करिये॥४॥
आर्यमुनि - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - काल सब पदार्थों के आयु को क्षय करके आप स्वयं अविनाशी बना रहता है, परन्तु काल का अविनाशित्व भी सापेक्ष है अर्थात् अनित्य पदार्थों की अपेक्षा काल को नित्य कहा जाता है, परन्तु परमात्मा की अपेक्षा से काल भी अनित्य है, इसलिए परमात्मा सर्वोपरि कूटस्थ नित्य है। उसी की उपासना मनुष्य को शुद्ध हृदय से करनी चाहिये॥४॥ यह ५५ वाँ सूक्त और १२ वाँ वर्ग समाप्त हुआ ॥
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (यः जिनाति) यो हि भवान् सकलब्रह्माण्डान्तर्गत- पदार्थानायुरहितान् करोति अथ च (न जीयते) स्वयमायुरहितः कदापि न भवति। तथा (शत्रुम् अभीत्य हन्ति) यो हि स्वव्यापनशीलशक्त्या वैरिबलमपहरति परं स्वयमहरणीय- शक्तिमानस्ति (सहस्रजित्) स सर्वोपरिशक्तिसम्पन्नस्त्वं (पवस्व) मां सुरक्षय ॥४॥ इति पञ्चपञ्चाशत्तमं सूक्तं द्वादशो वर्गश्च समाप्तः ॥