०४५

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अयास्यः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

स꣡ पवस्व म꣡दाय कं꣡
नृच꣡क्षा देव꣡वीतये
इ꣡न्दव् इ꣡न्द्राय पीत꣡ये

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
kám ← kám (invariable)
{}

mádāya ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

pavasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

devávītaye ← devávīti- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

nr̥cákṣāḥ ← nr̥cákṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

índo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

índrāya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

pītáye ← pītí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

सः । प॒व॒स्व॒ । मदा॑य । कम् । नृ॒ऽचक्षाः॑ । दे॒वऽवी॑तये ।
इन्दो॒ इति॑ । इन्द्रा॑य । पी॒तये॑ ॥

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• madāya ← mada
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

• kaṃ ← kam ← kaṃ
• [adverb]
• “kaṃ [word].”

• nṛcakṣā ← nṛ
• [noun], masculine
• “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

• nṛcakṣā ← cakṣāḥ ← cakṣas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “eye; look; radiance.”

• devavītaye ← deva
• [noun], masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• devavītaye ← vītaye ← vīti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine

• indav ← indo ← indu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• indrāya ← indra
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• pītaye ← pā
• [verb noun]
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

हे इन्दो सोम नृचक्षाः नॄणां नेतॄणां द्रष्टा सः त्वं देववीतये यज्ञाय इन्द्राय इन्द्रस्य पीतये पानाय च मदाय मदार्थं च कं सुखं यथा भवति तथा पवस्व क्षर ॥

English translation:

“Indu, do you the beholder of men flow plural asantly for the banquet of the gods, for Indra’s drinking and exhilaration.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Plural asantly: kam = sukham yathā bhavati tathā; sometimes, kam is explained just a particle meaning nothing, inserted only to balance the metre of the verse

Having your gaze on men, purify yourself for exhilaration, for the pursuit of the gods,
o drop, and for Indra to drink.

As noted in the published introduction, nṛcákṣā in b may form a ring with vicákṣase in 6b, the last vs. of the hymn. For similar phraseology within a single vs., cf. IX.86.23 tváṃ nr̥cákṣā abhavo vicakṣaṇa. nṛcákṣā also resonates thematically with the following devávītaye, with the nṛ- devá- contrast.

FLOW, thou who viewest men, to give delight, to entertain the Gods,
Indu, to Indra for his drink.

Läutere du dich zum Rauschtrank, du mit dem Herrenauge, zur Götterladung, für Indra zum Trunke, o Saft!

Du riesle, Männerschauender, zum Rausche recht, zum Göttermahl, Zum Trunk dem Indra, Indu, hin.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अयास्यः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

अब परमात्मा न्याय करता है, यह वर्णन करते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सः) पूर्वोक्त गुणसम्पन्न (इन्दो) हे प्रकाशमान ! आप (नृचक्षाः) सब मनुष्यों के द्रष्टा हैं (मदाय) आह्लाद के लिये और (देववीतये) यज्ञ के लिये तथा (इन्द्राय पीतये) जीवात्मा की तृप्ति के लिये (कम् पवस्व) आप सुख प्रदान करिये॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जीवात्मा के हृदयमन्दिर को एकमात्र परमात्मा ही प्रकाशित करता है, अन्य कोई भी जीव को सत्यज्ञान के प्रकाश का दाता नहीं॥१॥

अथ परमात्मा न्यायकारी इति वर्ण्यते।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे प्रकाशमान परमात्मन् ! (सः) स भवान् (नृचक्षाः) सर्वमनुष्यसाक्षी (मदाय) आनन्दाय (देववीतये) यज्ञाय (इन्द्राय पीतये) जीवात्मनस्तृप्तये च (कम् पवस्व) सुखं वितरतु ॥१॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अयास्यः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

स꣡ नो अर्षाभि꣡ दूति꣡यं
तुव꣡म् इ꣡न्द्राय तोशसे
देवा꣡न् स꣡खिभ्य आ꣡ व꣡रम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
abhí ← abhí (invariable)
{}

arṣa ← √arṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

dūtyàm ← dūtyà- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

índrāya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

tośase ← √tuś- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

devā́n ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

sákhibhyaḥ ← sákhi- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:M, number:PL}

váram ← vára- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

सः । नः॒ । अ॒र्ष॒ । अ॒भि । दू॒त्य॑म् । त्वम् । इन्द्रा॑य । तो॒श॒से॒ ।
दे॒वान् । सखि॑ऽभ्यः । आ । वर॑म् ॥

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• arṣābhi ← arṣa ← ṛṣ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “run.”

• arṣābhi ← abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• dūtyaṃ ← dūtyam ← dūtī
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “daśadūtī.”

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• indrāya ← indra
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• tośase ← tuś
• [verb], singular, Present indikative

• devān ← deva
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• sakhibhya ← sakhibhyaḥ ← sakhi
• [noun], ablative, plural, masculine
• “friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• varam ← vara
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “gift; favor; wish; privilege; varac; wages.”

हे सोम त्वं नः अस्माकं दूत्यं दूतस्य कर्म अर्ष अभिगच्छ । अपि च यस्त्वं इन्द्राय इन्द्रार्थं तोशसे पीयसे सः त्वं सखिभ्यः प्रियेभ्यः अस्मभ्यं वरं श्रेष्ठं धनं देवान् आ याचस्वेत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“Approach the office of the messenger for us; you who are drunk for Indra, (pour) on the gods wealth for (us their) friends.”

Rush on your mission for us—you spill out for Indra—
rush to the gods for us, your comrades, at will.

The word order in this vs. is quite jumbled, and there are several alternative ways to try to fix it. The one taken by the published translation follows Geldner in taking pāda b as parenthetic.

Unlike Geldner’s tr. (though it is the 2nd alt. in his n. 2c), the published translation uses this strategy to allow devā́n in c to be the goal of the verb in a (arṣā́bhí); cf. nearby IX.42.5 abhí viśvāni vā́ryā, abhí devā́n … arṣati and in the immed. preceding hymn IX.44.1bc … arṣasi / abhí devā́n, where the verb ends the hemistich and the preverb begins the next pāda, both reasonable positions for those elements. The latter passage (by the same poet as ours) might help explain the postposed preverb in the middle of the pāda here: sá no arṣābhí …, which is otherwise odd.

However, taking devā́n as goal still leaves the rest of pāda c, … sákhibhya ā́váram, unaccounted for. In the published translation I take the sákhibhyaḥ as dat. doubling naḥ in a, with an independent adverbial ā́váram “at will” (which, however, is usually in the opposite order váram ā́). But this ignores the striking parallel cited by both Geldner and Renou, I.4.4 yás te sákhibhya ā́váram (and cf. II.5.5 … tisrbhya ̥́ ā́váram), rendered in the published translation as “who is your choice from among your comrades.” Although it is always possible that the parallel is a false one, I now think I cannot ignore it and I suggest that this phrase provides a second goal to arṣā́bhí, with sákhibhya ā́váram to be construed together (as in I.4.4) referring to Indra, who was mentioned in the parenthetic pāda b. (Indra is also the referent in I.4.4.) Indra is of course soma’s particular target among the gods, the best drinker of soma. I would now take this phrase as specifying soma’s goal of choice: the juice rushes to the gods, but esp. to Indra - and would alter the tr. to “rush to the gods, to your choice [=Indra] from among the comrades,” with sákhibhyaḥ referring to the gods in general. Although sákhi- in IX generally refers to poets or hymans in general (cf., e.g., IX.97.43), the ABL ā́váram idiom could overrule this. This interpr. unfortunately requires (or at least suggests) that sákhāyaḥ in vs. 5 has a different referent.

Stream to thine embassy for us: thou hastenest, for Indra, to
The Gods, O better than our friends.

Rinne du zum Botengang für uns - du wirst für Indra ergossen - den Göttern lieber als alle Freunde!

So ströme uns zur Botschaft hin, dem Indra träufelst du und führst Die Götter hold den Freunden zu.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अयास्यः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (सः) वह आप (नः दूत्यम् अभ्यर्ष) हमारे लिये कर्मयोग प्रदान करिये (त्वम् इन्द्राय तोशसे) क्योंकि आप परमैश्वर्यसम्पन्न होने के लिये स्तुति किये जाते हैं (देवान् सखिभ्यः) और सत्कर्मी विद्वानों के लिये (आवरम्) भली प्रकार उनके अभीष्ट को दीजिये॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा सदाचारियों को सुख और दुष्कर्मियों को दुःख देता है। परमात्मा के राज्य में किसी के साथ भी अन्याय नहीं होता। इस बात को ध्यान में रखकर मनुष्य को सदैव सदाचारी बनने का यत्न करना चाहिये ॥२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (सः) स त्वम् (नः दूत्यम् अभ्यर्ष) अस्मभ्यं कर्मयोगं प्रदेहि (त्वम् इन्द्राय तोशसे) यतस्त्वं परमैश्वर्यसम्प्राप्तये स्तूयसे अथ च (देवान् सखिभ्यः) सत्कर्मिभ्यो विद्वद्भ्यः (आवरम्) सुष्ठु तन्मनोऽभीष्टं देहि ॥२॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अयास्यः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

उत꣡ त्वा꣡म् अरुणं꣡ वयं꣡
गो꣡भिर् अञ्ज्मो म꣡दाय क꣡म्
वि꣡ नो राये꣡ दु꣡रो वृधि

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
aruṇám ← aruṇá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

tvā́m ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}

utá ← utá (invariable)
{}

vayám ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:PL}

añjmaḥ ← √añj- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

góbhiḥ ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

kám ← kám (invariable)
{}

mádāya ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

dúraḥ ← dvā́r- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

rāyé ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

ví ← ví (invariable)
{}

vr̥dhi ← √vr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

उ॒त । त्वाम् । अ॒रु॒णम् । व॒यम् । गोभिः॑ । अ॒ञ्ज्मः॒ । मदा॑य । कम् ।
वि । नः॒ । रा॒ये । दुरः॑ । वृ॒धि॒ ॥

• uta
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

• tvām ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, singular
• “you.”

• aruṇaṃ ← aruṇam ← aruṇa
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “red; tawny; dusty; gray.”

• vayaṃ ← vayam ← mad
• [noun], nominative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• gobhir ← gobhiḥ ← go
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

• añjmo ← añjmaḥ ← añj
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “smear; anoint; mix; color.”

• madāya ← mada
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

• kam ← kaṃ
• [adverb]
• “kaṃ [word].”

• vi
• [adverb]
• “apart; away; away.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• rāye ← rai
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

• duro ← duraḥ ← dvār
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “door; means.”

• vṛdhi ← vṛ
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”

उत अपि च हे सोम यम् अरुणम् अरुणवर्णं त्वां मदाय मदार्थं वयम् अङ्गिरसायास्याः गोभिः गोविकारैः पयोभिः अञ्ज्मः वासयामः संस्कुर्मः। कम् इति पूरणम् । स त्वं नः अस्माकं राये धनाय दुरः द्वाराणि वि वृधि विवृतानि कुरु ॥

English translation:

“And we adorn you, the purple-tinted with milk and curd for the purpose of exhilaration open the doors for our riches.”

And we anoint you, the ruddy one, with cows for exhilaration.
Open up the doors for wealth for us.

We balm thee, red of hue, with milk to fit thee for the rapturous joy:
Unbar for us the doors of wealth.

Und dich, den Rötlichen, salben wir mit Milch zum Rauschtrank. Öffne uns die Tore zum Reichtum!

Und dich, den rothen, salben wir mit Milch zum Rausche, schliesse du Die Thore uns zum Reichthum auf.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अयास्यः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (अरुणम् उत त्वाम्) गतिशील आपको (मदाय) आह्लादप्राप्ति के लिये (गोभिः अञ्ज्मः) इन्द्रियों द्वारा ज्ञान का विषय करते हैं (नः रायम्) आप हमारे ऐश्वर्य के लिये (दुरः विवृधि) पापों को नष्ट करिये तथा (कम्) सुख प्रदान करिये ॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो लोग अपनी इन्द्रियों का संयम करते हैं, वे ही उस परमात्मा के शुद्ध स्वरूप को अनुभव कर सकते हैं, अन्य नहीं ॥३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (अरुणम् उत त्वाम्) गतिशीलं भवन्तम् (मदाय) आह्लादलाभाय (गोभिः अञ्ज्मः) इन्द्रियैः प्रत्यक्षीकुर्मः (नः रायम्) भवान् अस्माकं विभवाय (दुरः विवृधि) कल्मषं विनाशयतु (कम्) सुखं च ददातु ॥३॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अयास्यः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अ꣡त्य् ऊ पवि꣡त्रम् अक्रमीद्
वाजी꣡ धु꣡रं न꣡ या꣡मनि
इ꣡न्दुर् देवे꣡षु पत्यते

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
akramīt ← √kramⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

áti ← áti (invariable)
{}

pavítram ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

u ← u (invariable)
{}

dhúram ← dhúr- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)
{}

vājī́ ← vājín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

yā́mani ← yā́man- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

devéṣu ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}

índuḥ ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

patyate ← √pat- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

अति॑ । ऊं॒ इति॑ । प॒वित्र॑म् । अ॒क्र॒मी॒त् । वा॒जी । धुर॑म् । न । याम॑नि ।
इन्दुः॑ । दे॒वेषु॑ । प॒त्य॒ते॒ ॥

• aty ← ati
• [adverb]
• “very; excessively; beyond; excessively.”

• ū ← u
• [adverb]
• “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

• pavitram ← pavitra
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “strainer.”

• akramīd ← akramīt ← kram
• [verb], singular, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
• “kram; step; go; continue; proceed; traverse; heat.”

• vājī ← vājin
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “horse; bird; seven; hero; achiever; aphrodisiac.”

• dhuraṃ ← dhuram ← dhur
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “yoke; dhur [word].”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• yāmani ← yāman
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “expedition; path; expedition; arrival.”

• indur ← induḥ ← indu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• deveṣu ← deva
• [noun], locative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• patyate ← paty
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “own; have; master.”

इन्दुः सोमः वाजी अश्वः यामनि गमने धुरं न रथस्य धुरं यथा तथा पवित्रम् अति अक्रमीत् अतिगच्छति । देवेषु देवानां मध्ये पत्यते गच्छति च ॥

English translation:

“Indu passes the filter as a horse in going passes the shaft (of the chariot); he proceeds to the midst of the gods.”

He has stepped beyond the filter, like a prize-seeking (horse) the
chariot-pole on its course.
The drop plays the lord among the gods.

I am not certain what the simile depicts, what it means for a horse to “step beyond the chariot-pole (dhúr-).” Renou suggests that the dhúr- is being used here as a pole to mark the limit of the racecourse, but I do not know of another example of dhúr- in this sense. It’s possible that the simile depicts the moment when, as a horse is starting to pull a chariot, it’s been hanging back from its tackle and now it pulls on it and pushes beyond it, but my ignorance about the interaction between horses and their tackle makes this interpr.

uncertain. Note also that dhúram here phonetically echoes dúraḥ ‘doors’ in 3c.

He through the sieve hath passed, as comes a courser to the pole, to run
Indu belongs unto the Gods.

Er ist über die Seihe gelaufen wie das Rennpferd auf der Fahrt über die Deichsel hinaus. Der Saft gehört den Göttern.

Schon drang er durch das Sieb hindurch, wie auf der Fahrt ein Ross durchs Joch, Der Indu ist der Götter Freund.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अयास्यः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वाजी इन्दुः)उत्तम बलवाला वह परमात्मा (धुरम् अत्यक्रमीत्) सम्पूर्ण ब्रह्माण्ड के भार के सहने में समर्थ है और (न यामनि) ध्यान करने से शीघ्र ही (देवेषु पवित्रम् पत्यते) विज्ञानियों केहृदय में अधिष्ठित होता है॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - यद्यपि प्रकृति और जीव ये दोनों पदार्थ भी अपनी सत्ता से विद्यमान हैं, तथापि अधिकरण अर्थात् सबका आधार बनकर एकमात्र परमात्मा ही स्थिर है, इसलिये उसको (धुर) रूप अर्थात् सम्पूर्ण ब्रह्माण्डों के आधाररूप से कथन किया गया है ॥४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वाजी इन्दुः) उत्तमबलः स परमात्मा (धुरम् अत्यक्रमीत्) सम्पूर्णब्रह्माण्डस्य भारं सोढुं समर्थयते (न यामनि) ध्यानेन द्रुतं (देवेषु पवित्रम् पत्यते) विज्ञानिनां हृदयानि अधितिष्ठति ॥४॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अयास्यः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

स꣡म् ई स꣡खायो अस्वरन्
व꣡ने क्री꣡ळन्तम् अ꣡त्यविम्
इ꣡न्दुं नावा꣡ अनूषत

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
asvaran ← √svar- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

ī ← ī (invariable)
{}

sákhāyaḥ ← sákhi- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sám ← sám (invariable)
{}

átyavim ← átyavi- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

krī́ḷantam ← √krīḍ- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

váne ← vána- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

anūṣata ← √nu- ~ nū- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

índum ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

nāvā́ḥ ← nāvá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

सम् । ई॒मिति॑ । सखा॑यः । अ॒स्व॒र॒न् । वने॑ । क्रीळ॑न्तम् । अति॑ऽअविम् ।
इन्दु॑म् । ना॒वाः । अ॒नू॒ष॒त॒ ॥

• sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• ī
• [adverb]
• “īkāra.”

• sakhāyo ← sakhāyaḥ ← sakhi
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

• asvaran ← svar
• [verb], plural, Imperfect
• “sing.”

• vane ← vana
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

• krīﾱantam ← krīḍantam ← krīḍ
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “frolic; love; play; amuse.”

• atyavim ← atyavi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine

• induṃ ← indum ← indu
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• nāvā ← nāvāḥ ← nāva
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• anūṣata ← nū
• [verb], plural, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
• “praise; shout.”

अत्यविम् अतिक्रान्तं दशापवित्रं वने उदके क्रीडन्तं संक्रीडमानम् ईम् एनम् इन्दुं सोमं सखायः प्रियस्तोतारः सम् अस्वरन् संस्तुवन्ति । नावाः वाचोऽपि अनूषत अस्तुवन् । ‘ नौरक्षरम्’ इति वाङ्नामसु पाठात् ॥

English translation:

“His friends praise Indu sporting in the water and passing through the fleece; their hymns glorify him.”

His comrades cried out in unison to him as he was playing in the
wood(en vessel), beyond the sheep [=fleece].
To the drop the roars have roared.

As noted ad 2c, if we take sákhibhyaḥ there as referring to the gods, sákhāyaḥ here is probably not picking up that referent, but likely refers to the human poets.

All friends have lauded him as he sports in the wood, beyond the fleece:
Singers have chanted Indu’s praise.

Die Freunde haben dem im Holze sich tummelnden, über die Schafwolle laufenden Safte, sie, die Sänger, gemeinsam zugeschrieen.

Ihm jauchzten jetzt die Freunde zu, der durch die Wolle springt ins Holz, Den Indu pries der Lieder Schall.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अयास्यः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अत्यविम्) अतिशय सबकी रक्षा करनेवाले (वने क्रीडन्तम्) अखिल ब्रह्माण्डरूप वन में क्रीडा करते हुए (इम् इन्दुम्) इस परमात्मा की (सखायः) उसके प्रिय स्तोता लोग (अस्वरन्) शब्दायमान होते हुए (नावाः समनूषत) उसकी रचित वेदवाणीयों से स्तुति करते हैं॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा के ज्ञान का साधन मनुष्य के पास एकमात्र उसका स्तोत्र वेद ही है, अन्य कोई ग्रन्थ उसके पूर्णज्ञान का साधन नहीं॥५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अत्यविम्) सर्वस्यातिरक्षकम् (वने क्रीडन्तम्) अखिलब्रह्माण्डरूपे वने क्रीडन्तम् (इम् इन्दुम्) अमुं परमात्मानं (सखायः) तदीयप्रियस्तोतारः (अस्वरन्) शब्दायमाना अभवन् भूत्वा च (नावाः समनूषत) तद्रचितवेदवाग्भिः उपतस्थिरे ॥५॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - अयास्यः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

त꣡या पवस्व धा꣡रया
य꣡या पीतो꣡ विच꣡क्षसे
इ꣡न्दो स्तोत्रे꣡ सुवी꣡रियम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
dhā́rayā ← dhā́rā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

pavasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

táyā ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

pītáḥ ← √pā- 2 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

vicákṣase ← √cakṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

yáyā ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

índo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

stotré ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

suvī́ryam ← suvī́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

तया॑ । प॒व॒स्व॒ । धार॑या । यया॑ । पी॒तः । वि॒ऽचक्ष॑से ।
इन्दो॒ इति॑ । स्तो॒त्रे । सु॒ऽवीर्य॑म् ॥

• tayā ← tad
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• dhārayā ← dhārā
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

• yayā ← yad
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• pīto ← pītaḥ ← pā
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• vicakṣase ← vicakṣ ← √cakṣ
• [verb], singular, Present indikative

• indo ← indu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• stotre ← stotṛ
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “laudatory; worshiping.”

• suvīryam ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• suvīryam ← vīryam ← vīrya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “potency; vīrya; heroism; potency; strength; semen; power; deed; active agent; efficacy; vīryapāramitā; gold; vigor; vīrya [word]; virility; manfulness; jewel; force.”

हे इन्दो त्वं यया धारया पीतः सन् विचक्षसे विचक्षणाय स्तोत्रे स्तोत्राणां कर्त्रे पुरुषाय सुवीर्यं शोभनवीर्यं प्रयच्छसीति शेषः। तया धारया पवस्व क्षर ॥ ॥ २ ॥

English translation:

“Flow Indu, with that stream wherewith when drunk you bestow much vigour on your discerning worshipper.”

Purify yourself in that stream in which, once drunk, you will gaze out upon an abundance of heroes for your praiser, o drop.

Both Geldner and Renou take vicákṣase as transitive ‘reveal’, but as Renou notes, ví √cakṣ is ordinarily intransitive, and I see no reason to willfully ignore this usage. As noted in the published introduction, the verb forms a ring with nṛcákṣāḥ in 1b.

Flow, Indu, with that stream wherein steeped thou announcest to the man
Who worships thee heroic strength.

Mit solchem Strome läutere dich, mit dem du, o Saft, getrunken dem Sänger die Meisterschaft offenbaren wirst!

Mit solchem Strome riesle du, durch den, getrunken, Indu du Dem Sänger Heldenkraft ersiehst.

• पवमानः सोमः
• अयास्यः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे परमात्मन् ! (यया पीतः) जिस ज्ञान की धारा से सेवन किये गये आप (विचक्षसे स्तोत्रे) अपने विद्वान् स्तोता के लिये (सुवीर्यम्) सुन्दर ज्ञान-कर्मशालिनी शक्ति को देते हैं (तया धारया पवस्व) उसी आनन्दोत्पादक ज्ञानधारा से आप मुझे पवित्र करिये॥६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा अपनी ज्ञानरूप धारा से सबके अन्तःकरणों को सिञ्चित करता है। तात्पर्य यह है कि उसका ज्ञानरूप प्रकाश प्रत्येक पुरुष केहृदय में पड़ता है, परन्तु सुपात्र पुरुष ही पात्र बनकर उसका ग्रहण कर सकते हैं, अन्य नहीं ॥६॥ यह ४५ वाँ सूक्त और दूसरा वर्ग समाप्त हुआ ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे परमात्मन् ! (यया पीतः) यया ज्ञानधारया सेवितो भवान् (विचक्षसे स्तोत्रे) स्वस्मै विदुषे स्तुतिकर्त्रे (सुवीर्यम्) सुन्दरकर्मशालिशक्तिं ददाति (तया धारया पवस्व) तयैवानन्दोत्पादिकया ज्ञानधारया अस्मान् पवित्रय ॥६॥ इति पञ्चचत्वारिंशत्तमं सूक्तं द्वितीयो वर्गश्च समाप्तः ॥