०३५

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - प्रभूवसुः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓ नः पवस्व धा᳓रया
प᳓वमान रयि᳓म् पृथु᳓म्
य᳓या ज्यो᳓तिर् विदा᳓सि नः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

dhā́rayā ← dhā́rā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

pavasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

pávamāna ← √pū- (root)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

pr̥thúm ← pr̥thú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

jyótiḥ ← jyótis- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

vidā́si ← √vid- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

yáyā ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

आ । नः॒ । प॒व॒स्व॒ । धार॑या । पव॑मान । र॒यिम् । पृ॒थुम् ।
यया॑ । ज्योतिः॑ । वि॒दासि॑ । नः॒ ॥

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• dhārayā ← dhārā
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

• pavamāna ← pū
• [verb noun], vocative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• pṛthum ← pṛthu
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “broad; wide; great; flat; pṛthu [word]; far.”

• yayā ← yad
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• jyotir ← jyotiḥ ← jyotis
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”

• vidāsi ← vid
• [verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
• “find; detect; marry; get; think.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

हे पवमान सोम त्वं धारया नः अस्माकम् आ पवस्व सर्वतः क्षर। किम् । रयिं धनं पृथु विस्तीर्णम् । यया धारया ज्योतिः द्योतमानं यज्ञं स्वर्गं वा विदासि लम्भयसि नः अस्माकम् ॥

English translation:

“Pour upon us, purifier, ample riches with that stream wherewith you bestow upon us light.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Yayā jyotir vidāsi naḥ: jyotis = sacrifice, or heaven

Bringing broad wealth for us, o self-purifying one, purify yourself in a stream
with which you will find the light for us.

Pour forth on us abundant wealth, O Pavamana, with thy stream.
Wherewith thou mayest find us light

Bring uns durch deine Klärung, o Pavamana, mit deinem Strome ausgedehnten Reichtum, durch den du uns Licht schaffen sollst!

O riesle uns, du rieselnder, im Strome grossen Reichthum her, Durch den du Glanz uns geben sollst.

• पवमानः सोमः
• प्रभुवसुः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

अब परमात्मा का धर्मादिदातृत्व के रूप में वर्णन करते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (पवमान) हे सबको पवित्र करनेवाले परमात्मन् ! (नः धारया आपवस्व) हमको आप आनन्द की धारा से भली प्रकार पवित्र करिये (रयिम् पृथुम्) और बड़े भारी ऐश्वर्य को दीजिये (यया नः ज्योतिः विदासि) उसी आनन्द की धारा से आप ज्ञानप्रद हैं॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो पुरुष अपने आपको परमात्मज्ञान का पात्र बनाते हैं, परमात्मा उन्हें आनन्द की वृष्टि से सिञ्चित करते हैं ॥१॥

अथ परमात्मा धर्मादिदातृत्वेन वर्ण्यते।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (पवमान) हे सर्वस्य पवितः परमात्मन् ! (नः धारया आपवस्व) अस्मान् आनन्दस्य धारया सुष्ठु पुनातु (रयिम् पृथुम्) महदैश्वर्यं च देहि (यया नः ज्योतिः विदासि) ययानन्दधारया भवान् ज्ञानप्रदोऽस्ति ॥१॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - प्रभूवसुः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इ᳓न्दो समुद्रमीङ्खय
प᳓वस्व विश्वमेजय
रायो᳓ धर्ता᳓ न ओ᳓जसा

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
índo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

samudramīṅkhaya ← samudramīṅkhaya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

pávasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

viśvamejaya ← viśvamejaya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

dhartā́ ← dhartár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

ójasā ← ójas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

rāyáḥ ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{gender:M}

इन्दो॒ इति॑ । स॒मु॒द्र॒म्ऽई॒ङ्ख॒य॒ । पव॑स्व । वि॒श्व॒म्ऽए॒ज॒य॒ ।
रा॒यः । ध॒र्ता । नः॒ । ओज॑सा ॥

• indo ← indu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• samudramīṅkhaya
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• viśvamejaya
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• rāyo ← rāyaḥ ← rai
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

• dhartā ← dhartṛ
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “supporter.”

• na ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• ojasā ← ojas
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”

हे इन्दो सोम हे समुद्रमीङ्खय । समुद्रमित्युदकनाम । ईङ्खयतिर्गतिकर्मा । उदकप्रेरक तथा हे विश्वमेजय विश्वस्य सर्वस्यास्मच्छत्रोः कम्पयितः सोम त्वम् ओजसा त्वदीयेन बलेन नः अस्मभ्यं रायः धनस्य धर्ता धारकः पवस्व । भवेत्यर्थः । अत्र यद्यप्युदकप्रेरणसर्वशत्रुकम्पने संबोधनान्तर्गतत्वादुद्देश्यगते तथापि यजमानस्यापेक्षिते इति रायो धर्तृत्ववदाशास्ये अधिगन्तव्ये ॥

English translation:

“Indu, impeller of the waters, confounder of all (our foes), flow forth by your power as the supporter of wealth to us.”

You drop who set the sea to swaying, who set all in motion, purify yourself
as the supporter of our wealth with your strength.

Two heavy cmpds in the voc., each with a 2nd member apparently derived from an - áya- trans./caus. governing the first member in the acc.: samudram-īṅkhaya ‘setting the sea to swaying’, viśvam-ejaya ‘setting all in motion’. Of course the final -m- of the 1st member also serves to break the hiatus between the vocalic stem-final of the 1st member and the vowel-initial verb stem. It’s also notable that verbal forms of ejaya- are not found in the RV; they first appear in KS (XI.6 [prose], XXXV.14 [mantra]). (My statement in the -áyamonograph, p. 108, that the first attestation is in ŚB is wrong, relying on the notation in Whitney’s Roots.)

O Indu, swayer of the sea, shaker of all things, flow thou on,
Bearer of wealth to us with might.

Meerbewegender Saft, Allerregender, läutere dich als unser Träger des Reichtums mit Kraft!

O Indu, Meer-erregender, o riesle, allerschütternder, Als Reichthums Schützer, uns mit Macht.

• पवमानः सोमः
• प्रभुवसुः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे परमैश्वर्यशाली परमात्मन् ! (समुद्रमीङ्खय) हे अन्तरिक्षादि लोकों में व्याप्त ! (विश्वमेजय ओजसा) हे अपने प्रताप से संसार को चकित करनेवाले ! (रायः धर्ता) आप सम्पूर्ण धनादि एश्वर्यों को धारण करनेवाले हैं (नः पवस्व) आप हमको धनादि ऐश्वर्य का दान करके पवित्र करिये॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा की कृपा से ही धनादि सब ऐश्वर्य पुरुष को प्राप्त होते हैं, इसलिये पुरुष को सदैव परमात्मपरायण होने का यत्न करना चाहिये ॥२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दो) हे परमैश्वर्यशालिन् (समुद्रमीङ्खय) हे अन्तरिक्षादौ व्याप्त (विश्वमेजय ओजसा) हे स्वप्रतापेन लोकमाश्चर्ययन् ! त्वं (रायः धर्ता) सम्पूर्णधनाद्यैश्वर्याणां धारकोऽसि (नः पवस्व) भवान् अस्मभ्यं धनाद्यैश्वर्यं दत्त्वा पवित्रयतु ॥२॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - प्रभूवसुः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

त्व᳓या वीरे᳓ण वीरवो
अभि᳓ ष्याम पृतन्यतः᳓
क्ष᳓रा णो अभि᳓ वा᳓रियम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
tváyā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:INS, number:SG}

vīravaḥ ← vīrávant- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

vīréṇa ← vīrá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

pr̥tanyatáḥ ← √pr̥tany- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

syāma ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:OPT, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

kṣára ← √kṣar- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

vā́ryam ← vā́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

त्वया॑ । वी॒रेण॑ । वी॒र॒ऽवः॒ । अ॒भि । स्या॒म॒ । पृ॒त॒न्य॒तः ।
क्षर॑ । नः॒ । अ॒भि । वार्य॑म् ॥

• tvayā ← tvad
• [noun], instrumental, singular
• “you.”

• vīreṇa ← vīra
• [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
• “hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”

• vīravo ← vīravas ← vīravat
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “rich in men.”

• ‘bhi ← abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• ṣyāma ← syāma ← as
• [verb], plural, Present optative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• pṛtanyataḥ ← pṛtany
• [verb noun], accusative, plural
• “attack.”

• kṣarā ← kṣara ← kṣar
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “run; melt.”

• ṇo ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• vāryam ← vārya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “wealth.”

हे वीरवः वीरवन् सोम वीरेण त्वया साधनेन पृतन्यतः संग्राममिच्छतः शत्रून् अभि ष्याम अभिभवेम । अतः नः अस्माकं वार्यं वरणीयं धनम् अभि क्षर । अभिगमयेत्यर्थः । अथवा वरणीयं सोमाख्यं धनं क्षर पवस्व ॥

English translation:

“With you, heroic (Soma), as our hero, may we overcome our enemies, pour upon the desirable (riches).”

With you as hero, you possessor of heroes, might we overcome those who give battle.
Stream toward us what is choice.

I take vā́ryam as an Inhaltsakk.

With thee for Hero, Valiant One! may we subdue our enemies:
Let what is precious flow to us.

Mit dir, dem Helden, du Heldenbegleiter, wollen wir die Angreifer bestehen. Fließe uns, zu begehrenswertem Besitz!

Lass du, o heldenreicher Held, die Feinde uns bewältigen Und ström uns schönes Gut herbei.

• पवमानः सोमः
• प्रभुवसुः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वीरवः) हे वीरों के अधिपति परमात्मन् ! (वीरेण त्वया) सर्वोपरि पराक्रमवाले आपके द्वारा हम (पृतन्यतः अभिष्याम) संग्राम की इच्छाकरनेवाले शत्रुओं को पराजित करें (नः वार्यम् अभिक्षर) आप हमको अभिलषित पदार्थों को दीजिये ॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो लोग अन्यायकारी शत्रुओं के विजय करने का संकल्प रखते हैं, परमात्मा उन्हें अन्यायकारियों के दमन का बल प्रदान करता है, ताकि अन्यायकारियों को मर्दन करके वे संसार में न्याय का प्रचार करें ॥३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वीरवः) हे वीराणामधिपते परमात्मन् ! (वीरेण त्वया) सर्वोत्तमपराक्रमवता भवता वयं (पृतन्यतः अभिष्याम) सङ्ग्राममिच्छतः शत्रून् पराजयेम (नः वार्यम् अभिक्षर) त्वमस्मभ्यं प्रार्थनीयं पदार्थं देहि ॥३॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - प्रभूवसुः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प्र᳓ वा᳓जम् इ᳓न्दुर् इष्यति
सि᳓षासन् वाजसा᳓ ऋ᳓षिः
व्रता᳓ विदान᳓ आ᳓युधा

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
índuḥ ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iṣyati ← √iṣ- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

prá ← prá (invariable)

vā́jam ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ŕ̥ṣiḥ ← ŕ̥ṣi- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

síṣāsan ← √sanⁱ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT, mood:DES}

vājasā́ḥ ← vājasā́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́yudhā ← ā́yudha- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

vidānáḥ ← √vid- 2 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

vratā́ ← vratá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

प्र । वाज॑म् । इन्दुः॑ । इ॒ष्य॒ति॒ । सिसा॑सन् । वा॒ज॒ऽसाः । ऋषिः॑ ।
व्र॒ता । वि॒दा॒नः । आयु॑धा ॥

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• vājam ← vāja
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• indur ← induḥ ← indu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• iṣyati ← iṣ
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”

• siṣāsan ← siṣās ← √san
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “win; gain.”

• vājasā ← vāja
• [noun], masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• vājasā ← sāḥ ← sā
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “winning.”

• ṛṣiḥ ← ṛṣi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Ṛṣi; spiritual teacher; ascetic; Mantra.”

• vratā ← vrata
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”

• vidāna ← vidānaḥ ← vid
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

• āyudhā ← āyudha
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “weapon; āyudha [word].”

सोमः वाजम् अन्नम् इष्यति प्रेरयति यजमानेभ्यः । किं कुर्वन् । सिषासन् यजमानान् संभक्तुमिच्छन् । ईदृशः इन्दुः वाजसाः अन्नस्य दाता ऋषिः सर्वस्य द्रष्टा व्रता कर्माणि आयुधानि च विदानः जानन् ।

English translation:

“Indu, the bestower of food, the seer sends food to the worshipper, showing his favour, acquainted with sacred rites and arms.”

The drop sends forth (its speech), the prizewinning seer seeking to win the prize,
finding his commandments to be his weapons.

The first pāda contains a notable word play. Judging from the number of parallels, the default obj. of √iṣ ‘send’ in IX is ‘speech’; cf. IX.30.1, 64.9, 25, 95.5, and esp. IX.12.6 prá vā́cam índur iṣyati, a pāda identical to ours, save for one consonant: vā́cam versus vā́jam. Although an emendation to *vā́cam has been suggested here (see Oldenberg, who rejects it), a word play is far more likely. The poet knew (and knew his audience knew) the idiom vā́cam √iṣ, but substituted the nearly identical vā́jam, which is to be construed with síṣāsan ‘desiring to win’ later in the vs. – vā́jam being a common obj. to forms of √san ‘win’ and in fact found in the root noun cmpd vāja-sā́in b, immediately after the desid. part. This root noun cmpd “repairs” the apparent vā́jam problem, and in the next vs. the poet provides the expected vā́cam, 5a vācam-īṅkhayám, a 2nd repair strategy.

Geldner assigns vidānáḥ to √vid ‘know’ (“der sich auf die Vorschriften, auf die Waffen versteht”), while Renou (though see his n.) and the published translation take it to √vid ‘find’ (as a root aor.

part.). I now think either (or both) is/are possible, but that in either case vratā́and ā́yudhā are not separate objects as Geldner/Renou take them, but an equational phrase (as in the published translation).

That is, Soma’s commandments are his weapons. On the formidable nature of Soma’s vratá-s, cf., e.g., IX.53.3 ásya vratā́ni nā́dhṛ́ṣe “The commandments of this one cannot be ventured against.” As an alt. tr. here I would add “knowing his commandments to be his weapons.”

Indu arouses strength the Sage who strives for victory, winning power,
Discovering holy works and means.

Der Saft entsendet seine Stimme, da er den Siegerpreis gewinnen will, der preisgewinnende Rishi, der sich auf die Vorschriften, auf die Waffen versteht.

Der Sänger Indu sendet Kraft, der gerne schenkt und Kraft verleiht, Der Thaten uns und Waffen schafft.

• पवमानः सोमः
• प्रभुवसुः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दुः) सर्वैश्वर्यवाला (सिषासन्) अपने भक्तों को चाहनेवाला (वाजसाः)अखिल ऐश्वर्यों से युक्त (ऋषिः) सम्पूर्ण ब्रह्माण्डों का साक्षी (व्रता आयुधा विदानः) सम्पूर्ण कर्मों तथा आयुधों से सम्पन्न परमात्मा (वाजम् प्रेष्यति) अपने भक्तों को सब प्रकार के ऐश्वर्य को देता है॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा सन्मार्गगामी पुरुषों को सम्पूर्ण ऐश्वर्य्यों का प्रदान करता है। जो लोग परमात्मा की आज्ञा मानकर उसका अनुष्ठान करते हैं, वे ही परमात्मा के भक्त व सदाचारी कहलाते हैं, अन्य नहीं ॥४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्दुः) सर्वैश्वर्यः (सिषासन्) स्वभक्तेभ्यः स्पृहयन् (वाजसाः) अखिलैश्वर्ययुक्तः (ऋषिः) सर्वब्रह्माण्डस्य द्रष्टा (व्रता आयुधा विदानः) सर्वैः कर्मभिः आयुधैश्च सम्पन्नः परमात्मा (वाजम् प्रेष्यति) स्वभक्तेभ्यः सर्वप्रकारमैश्वर्यं ददाति ॥४॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - प्रभूवसुः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तं᳓ गीर्भि᳓र् वाचमीङ्खय᳓म्
पुनानं᳓ वासयामसि
सो᳓मं ज᳓नस्य गो᳓पतिम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
gīrbhíḥ ← gír- ~ gīr- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

tám ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vācamīṅkhayám ← vācamīṅkhayá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

punānám ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

vāsayāmasi ← √vas- 2 (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

gópatim ← gópati- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

jánasya ← jána- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

sómam ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

तम् । गीः॒ऽभिः । वा॒च॒म्ऽई॒ङ्ख॒यम् । पु॒ना॒नम् । वा॒स॒या॒म॒सि॒ ।
सोम॑म् । जन॑स्य । गोऽप॑तिम् ॥

• taṃ ← tam ← tad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• gīrbhir ← gīrbhiḥ ← gir
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

• vācamīṅkhayam ← vācamīṅkhaya
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine

• punānaṃ ← punānam ← pū
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• vāsayāmasi ← vāsay ← √vas
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “dress.”

• somaṃ ← somam ← soma
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• janasya ← jana
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”

• gopatim ← gopati
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Shiva; bull; cowboy; Indra; Gopati; king.”

तं सोमं गीर्भिः स्तुतिवाग्भिः स्तौमीति शेषः । किंच वाचमीङ्खयं वाचः प्रेरयितारं पुनानं पूयमानं तं सोमं वासयामसि वासयामः श्रयणद्रव्यैः । कीदृशं सोमम् । जनस्य गोपतिं गवां पालकम् । यद्वा । एकमेव वाक्यम् । उक्तविशेषणविशिष्टं सोमं स्तुतिभिर्वासयाम इति । माधवस्तु वाचमिति पृथक्पदं तिङन्तं कृत्वा वाक्यद्वयं चकार ॥

English translation:

“We clothe with praise that Soma who is the inspirer of praise, the purified, the shepherd of men.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

‘Mādhava, however, takes vācam as a separate word and as a verb, and divides the line into two sentences’. He would explain it, ‘I address him with praises; we cover (with milk, etc.) Soma who is the purified inspirer, the cow-keeper of men’. The shepherd of men: liṭ, the herdsman of men, janasya gopatim

Him who sets speech to swaying do we clothe with songs as he is being purified—
Soma, the herdsmaster of the people.

Reprise of the -īṅkhayá- cmpd from 2a. vācam-īṅkhayá- occurs once elsewhere, in IX.101.6, where it modifies samudráḥ, which is the first member of the cmpd in our vs. 2, a small web of formulaic associations.

Mover of speech, we robe him with our songs as he is purified
Soma, the Guardian of the folk;

Ihn, der die Rede hin und her bewegt, decken wir mit Lobesworten zu, während er sich läutert, den Soma, den Herrn des Volks.

Mit Liedern schmücken wir ihn aus, der Sang erregt, den Flammenden, den Soma, ihn des Volkes Herrn.

• पवमानः सोमः
• प्रभुवसुः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वाचमीङ्खयम्) वेदवाणियों में निवास करनेवाले (पुनानम्) सबको पवित्र करनेवाले (जनस्य गोपतिम्) मनुष्यों की इन्द्रियवृत्तियों को प्रेरणा करनेवाले (तम् सोमम्) उस परमात्मा को (गीर्भिः) स्तुतियों द्वारा (वासयामसि) अपने अन्तःकरण में बसाते हैं॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा के स्व अन्तःकरण में धारण करने का उपाय यह है कि पुरुष उसके सद्गुणों का चिन्तन करके उसके स्वरूप में मग्न हो जाय, इसी का नाम परमात्मप्राप्ति वा परमात्मयोग है ॥५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वाचमीङ्खयम्) वेदवाक्षु निवसन्तं (पुनानम्) सर्वं पवित्रयन्तं (जनस्य गोपतिम्) मानुषेन्द्रियवृत्तीः प्रेरयन्तं (तम् सोमम्) तं परमात्मानं (गीर्भिः) स्तुतिभिः (वासयामसि) स्वान्तःकरणे निवासयामः ॥५॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - प्रभूवसुः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

वि᳓श्वो य᳓स्य व्रते᳓ ज᳓नो
दाधा᳓र ध᳓र्मणस् प᳓तेः
पुनान᳓स्य प्रभू᳓वसोः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
jánaḥ ← jána- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

víśvaḥ ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vraté ← vratá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

yásya ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

dādhā́ra ← √dhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

dhármaṇaḥ ← dhárman- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

páteḥ ← páti- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

prabhū́vasoḥ ← prabhū́vasu- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

punānásya ← √pū- (root)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

विश्वः॑ । यस्य॑ । व्र॒ते । जनः॑ । दा॒धार॑ । धर्म॑णः । पतेः॑ ।
पु॒ना॒नस्य॑ । प्र॒भुऽव॑सोः ॥

• viśvo ← viśvaḥ ← viśva
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• yasya ← yad
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• vrate ← vrata
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”

• jano ← janaḥ ← jana
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”

• dādhāra ← dhṛ
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “keep; put; hold; assume; wear; take; promise; stay; exist; hold; begin; dip.”

• dharmaṇas ← dharmaṇaḥ ← dharman
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “regulation; Dharma; law; property.”

• pateḥ ← pati
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”

• punānasya ← pū
• [verb noun], genitive, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• prabhūvasoḥ ← prabhūvasu
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine

विश्वः सर्वः जनः मनुष्यो यजमानः यस्य सोमस्य व्रते कर्मणि दाधार धारयति मन इति शेषः । कीदृशस्य । धर्मणः कर्मणः पतेः पालकस्य पुनानस्य पूयमानस्य प्रभूवसोः प्रभूतधनस्य ॥ ॥ २५ ॥

English translation:

“On the worship of whom all men fix their thoughts– the lord of pious acts, the purified, the possessor of abundant wealth.”

Under whose commandment all people find support—under that of the master of support
who brings outstanding goods while he is being purified.

dādhā́ra here is the only intransitive form of this perfect; see Renou’s n. and Kümmel (261).

The root √dhṛ is prominent here (see the immed. following phrase dhármṇas páteḥ ‘master of support’) and echoes rāyó dhartā́in 2c.

The last word of the hymn, prabhū́vasoḥ (“of the one who brings outstanding gifts”) is the gen. of the name of the supposed poet of this hymn, Prabhūvasu Āṅgirasa, who is also assigned the next hymn, IX.36. Of course the name in the Anukramaṇī could well have been generated from the final word of this hymn.

On whose way, Lord of Holy Law, most richi as he is purified.
The people all have set their hearts.

An dessen Vorschrift sich jedermann hält, des Herrn des Gesetzes, des sich läuternden, Schätzereichen.

Auf dessen Werk sich jeder Mann fest stützet, des Gesetzesherrn, Des güterreichen, flammenden.

• पवमानः सोमः
• प्रभुवसुः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः