०२९

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नृमेध
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प्र᳓ अस्य धा᳓रा अक्षरन्
वृ᳓ष्णः सुत᳓स्य ओ᳓जसा
देवाँ᳓ अ᳓नु प्रभू᳓षतः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
akṣaran ← √kṣar- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

dhā́rāḥ ← dhā́rā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

prá ← prá (invariable)

ójasā ← ójas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

sutásya ← √su- (root)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

ánu ← ánu (invariable)

devā́n ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

prabhū́ṣataḥ ← √bhūṣ- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

प्र । अ॒स्य॒ । धाराः॑ । अ॒क्ष॒र॒न् । वृष्णः॑ । सु॒तस्य॑ । ओज॑सा ।
दे॒वान् । अनु॑ । प्र॒ऽभूष॑तः ॥

• prāsya ← pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• prāsya ← asya ← idam
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• dhārā ← dhārāḥ ← dhārā
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

• akṣaran ← kṣar
• [verb], plural, Imperfect
• “run; melt.”

• vṛṣṇaḥ ← vṛṣan
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

• sutasyaujasā ← sutasya ← su
• [verb noun], genitive, singular
• “press out; su.”

• sutasyaujasā ← ojasā ← ojas
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”

• devāṃ ← deva
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• anu
• [adverb]
• “subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

• prabhūṣataḥ ← prabhūṣ ← √bhūṣ
• [verb noun], genitive, singular

अस्य सोमस्य वृष्णः वर्षकस्य सुतस्य अभिषुतस्य देवाननु प्रभूषतः प्रभवितुमिच्छतः ओजसा स्ववीर्येण धाराः प्र अक्षरन् प्रकर्षेण क्षरन्ति ।

English translation:

“The streams of this effused (Soma), the showerer (of benefits), flow forth, as it seeks to surpass the gods in strength.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Seeks to surpass: anuprabhūṣataḥ, considered an irregular desiderative particle

His streams have flowed forth, those of the pressed bull, who with his strength
attends upon the gods in sequence.

The metrical structure encourages construing ójasā with sutásya – so Geldner “wenn der Bull mit Kraft ausgepresst ist.” However, I think it likely that the ójas- expressions are otherwise identical, but dhā́man- and rūpá- are both well-established belongs to Soma, rather than the pressers, and have therefore taken it with the participial VP in c. Renou seems to take it with the verb of pāda a: “Ses jets ont coulé en avant … d’une forceformidable.” Note the unaccented asya in the first pāda, allowable because the referent is unmistakable. Cf. asmai in IX.11.1a and IX.70.1a.

FORWARD with mighty force have flowed the currents of this Steer effused,
Of him who sets him by the Gods.

Seine Strahlen haben sich ergossen, wenn der Bulle mit Kraft ausgepreßt ist, der den Göttern entsprechend Staat macht.

Es fliessen seine Ströme vor, des starken Saftes kräftiglich, Des Tranks, der sich den Göttern beut.

Полились вперед потоки этого
Быка, выжатого с силой,
Служащего богам (одному) за (другим).

• पवमानः सोमः
• नृमेधः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

अब परमात्मा अभ्युदयप्राप्ति के साधनों का वर्णन करते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (प्रभूषतः) प्रभुत्व अर्थात् अभ्युदय को चाहनेवाले पुरुष का कर्तव्य यह है कि वह (देवान् अनु) विद्वानों का अनुयायी बने और (सुतस्य ओजसा) नित्य शुद्ध बुद्ध मुक्त परमात्मा के तेज से अपने आपको तेजस्वी बनावे (वृष्णः अस्य धाराः) जो सर्वकामप्रद है, उसकी धारा से (अक्षरन्) अपने को अभिषिक्त करे॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा उपदेश करता है कि हे पुरुषो ! तुम विद्वानों की संगति के विना कदापि अभ्युदय को नहीं प्राप्त हो सकते। जिस देश के लोग नाना प्रकार की विद्याओं के वेत्ता विद्वानों के अनुयायी बनते हैं, उस देश का ऐश्वर्य देश-देशान्तरों में फैल जाता है। इसलिये हे अभ्युदयाभिलाषी जनों ! तुम भी विद्वानों के अनुयायी बनो ॥१॥

अथ परमात्मनाऽभ्युदयप्राप्तेः साधनानि वर्ण्यन्ते।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (प्रभूषतः) प्रभुत्वमिच्छन्तः पुरुषस्येदं कर्तव्यं यत्सः (देवान् अनु) विदुषामनुयायी स्यात् किं च (सुतस्य ओजसा) नित्यशुद्धबुद्धमुक्तस्य परमात्मनस्तेजसा आत्मानं तेजस्विनं विदध्यात् (वृष्णः अस्य धाराः) सर्वकामप्रदस्य परमात्मनः कृपाधारा (अक्षरन्) आत्मानमभिषिञ्चेत् ॥१॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नृमेध
• छन्दः - गायत्री

स᳓प्तिम् मृजन्ति वेध᳓सो
गृण᳓न्तः कार᳓वो गिरा᳓
ज्यो᳓तिर् जज्ञान᳓म् उक्थि᳓यम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
mr̥janti ← √mr̥j- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sáptim ← sápti- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vedhásaḥ ← vedhás- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

girā́ ← gír- ~ gīr- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

gr̥ṇántaḥ ← √gr̥̄- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

kārávaḥ ← kārú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

jajñānám ← √janⁱ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

jyótiḥ ← jyótis- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

ukthyàm ← ukthyà- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

सप्ति॑म् । मृ॒ज॒न्ति॒ । वे॒धसः॑ । गृ॒णन्तः॑ । का॒रवः॑ । गि॒रा ।
ज्योतिः॑ । ज॒ज्ञा॒नम् । उ॒क्थ्य॑म् ॥

• saptim ← sapti
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “horse.”

• mṛjanti ← mṛj
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “purify; polish; rub; remove.”

• vedhaso ← vedhasaḥ ← vedhas
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Brahma; creator; believer [worshipper]; Vishnu.”

• gṛṇantaḥ ← gṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “praise.”

• kāravo ← kāravaḥ ← kāru
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “poet; singer.”

• girā ← giri
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “mountain; adri; rock; giri [word]; hill; śilājatu.”

• jyotir ← jyotiḥ ← jyotis
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”

• jajñānam ← jan
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”

• ukthyam ← ukthya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “applaudable.”

सप्तिम् अश्वस्थानीयं सर्पणस्वभावं वा सोमं मृजन्ति शोधयन्ति । के। गृणन्तः स्तुवन्तः वेधसः विधातारः कारवः कर्मकतारोऽध्वर्य्वादयः गिरा स्तुत्या साधनेन । कीदृशं सप्तिम् । ज्योतिः दीप्यमानं सोमं जज्ञानं जायमानम् । प्रवृद्धमित्यर्थः । अथवा ज्योतिर्जायमानम् ‘अयं वै ज्योतिर्यत् सोमः’ इति श्रुतेः । उक्थ्यं स्तुत्यम् ॥

English translation:

“The pious performers (of holy rites), the utterers of praise, purify by their laudation the radiant courser (the Soma) as soon as genitive rated and meriting to be hymned.”

The ritual adepts groom the team—the bards singing with their song the one born as the light worthy of hymns.

The singers praise him with their song, and learned priests adorn the Steed,
Brought forth as light that merits laud.

Die Meister putzen das Roß, die Dichter ihn mit Lobrede lobend, der als preisliches Licht geboren ist.

Die Ordner, reinigen das Ross, die Sänger preisend mit Gesang Der Menschen rühmenswerthes Licht.

Устроители обряда начищают упряжного коня,
Певцы, воспевающие в песне
(Его,) родившегося как светило, достойное гимна.

• पवमानः सोमः
• नृमेधः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वेधसः) कर्मयोगी लोग जो (गृणन्तः) परमात्मपरायण हैं, (कारवः) वे कर्मकाण्डी लोग (गिरा जज्ञानम्) वेदरूपी वाणी द्वारा उत्पन्न हई (सप्तिम्) शक्ति को (मृजन्ति) बढ़ाते हैं (ज्योतिः) वह ज्योतिर्मय शक्ति (उक्थ्यम्) प्रशंसनीयहै ॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा उपदेश करता है कि हे विद्वानों ! तुम अपनी शक्तियों को वेदरूपी वाणी द्वारा बढ़ाओ। जो लोग अपनी शक्तियों को ईश्वराज्ञा से बढ़ाते हैं, उनका ऐश्वर्य विश्वव्यापी हो जाता है ॥२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वेधसः) कर्मयोगिनो ये (गृणन्तः) परमात्मपरायणाः (कारवः) कर्मकाण्डिनः (गिरा जज्ञानम्) वेदरूपगिर उत्पन्नां (सप्तिम्) शक्तिं (मृजन्ति) वर्द्धयन्ति (ज्योतिः) सा ज्योतिर्मयी शक्तिः (उक्थ्यम्) प्रशंसनीया ॥२॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नृमेध
• छन्दः - गायत्री

सुष᳓हा सोम ता᳓नि ते
पुनाना᳓य प्रभूवसो
व᳓र्धा समुद्र᳓म् उक्थि᳓यम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
soma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

suṣáhā ← suṣáha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

tā́ni ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

prabhūvaso ← prabhū́vasu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

punānā́ya ← √pū- (root)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

samudrám ← samudrá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ukthyàm ← ukthyà- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

várdha ← √vr̥dh- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

सु॒ऽसहा॑ । सो॒म॒ । तानि॑ । ते॒ । पु॒ना॒नाय॑ । प्र॒भु॒व॒सो॒ इति॑ प्रभुऽवसो ।
वर्ध॑ । स॒मु॒द्रम् । उ॒क्थ्य॑म् ॥

• suṣahā ← suṣaha
• [noun], nominative, plural, neuter

• soma
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• tāni ← tad
• [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• punānāya ← pū
• [verb noun], dative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• prabhūvaso ← prabhūvasu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• vardhā ← vardha ← vṛdh
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

• samudram ← samudra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “ocean; Samudra; sea; samudra [word]; four.”

• ukthyam ← ukthya
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “applaudable.”

हे सोम प्रभूवसो प्रभूतधन पुनानाय पूयमानस्य ते तव तानि तेजांसि सुषहा शोभनाभिभावुकानि । यस्मादेवं तस्मात् समुद्रं समुद्रसदृशं द्रोणकलशम् उक्थ्यं स्तुत्यं तं वर्ध वर्धय । पूरय रसेन ॥

English translation:

“Soma, distributor of abundant wealth, those radiances of yours when you are purified are over-powering; fill therefore the praiseworthy ocean-like (pitcher).”

These things are easy to conquer for you as you become purified, o Soma providing outstanding goods.
Increase the sea that is worthy of hymns.

The construction in pāda a is clarified by IX.94.5 víśvāni hí suṣáhā tā́ni túbhyam “for all these things are easy to conquer for you,” with a full dative prn. rather than our ambig. enclitic te. The tā́ni is clearly specified by víśvā vásūni in 4a, anticipated by the voc. prabhū-vaso in our b.

These things thou winnest lightly while purified, Soma, Lord of wealth:
Fill full the sea that claims our praise.

Leicht zu erzwingen sind für dich, der du dich läuterst, diese Güter, du schatzreicher Soma. Mehre den preislichen Ozean!

Leicht zu erringen ist dies Gut, geklärter, reicher Soma, dir, Lass schwellen das berühmte Meer.

Легко захватить, о сома, для тебя,
Очищающегося, эти (блага), о обильный благами.
Увеличь океан, достойный гимна!

• पवमानः सोमः
• नृमेधः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे सौम्यस्वभाववाले परमात्मन् ! (प्रभूवसो) हे अखिल धन रत्नादिकों के स्वामिन्! (उक्थ्यम् समुद्रम् वर्ध) आप आकाश में फैलानेवाले प्रशंसनीय यश को मेरे लिये बढ़ाइये (तानि सुषहा ते पुनानाय) और यह सबको पवित्र करनेवाले आपकाबढ़ा हुआ यश हमारे लिये सुख से भोग करने योग्य हो॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा उपदेश करता है कि जो लोग अपनी कीर्ति को नभोमण्डलव्यापिनी बनाना चाहें, उनका कर्तव्य है कि वे परमात्मपरायण होकर कर्मयोगी बनें। कर्मयोगी पुरुष के विना किसी पुरुष का ऐश्वर्य बढ़ नहीं सकता ॥३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे सौम्य (प्रभूवसो) अखिलधनरत्नादिप्रभो परमात्मन् ! (उक्थ्यम् समुद्रम् वर्ध) भवान् आकाशे वर्द्धमानं प्रशंसनीयं यशः मदर्थं वर्धय (तानि सुषहा ते पुनानाय) अथ च सर्वस्य पावकं प्रवृद्धं भवदीयं यशः मया ससुखं भोग्यं स्यात् ॥३॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नृमेध
• छन्दः - गायत्री

वि᳓श्वा व᳓सूनि संज᳓यन्
प᳓वस्व सोम धा᳓रया
इनु᳓ द्वे᳓षांसि सध्रि᳓अक्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
saṁjáyan ← √ji- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vásūni ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

víśvā ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

dhā́rayā ← dhā́rā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

pávasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

soma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

dvéṣāṁsi ← dvéṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

inú ← √i- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sadhryàk ← sadhryàñc- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

विश्वा॑ । वसू॑नि । स॒म्ऽजय॑न् । पव॑स्व । सो॒म॒ । धार॑या ।
इ॒नु । द्वेषां॑सि । स॒ध्र्य॑क् ॥

• viśvā ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• vasūni ← vasu
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

• saṃjayan ← saṃji ← √ji
• [verb noun], nominative, singular

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• soma
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• dhārayā ← dhārā
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

• inu ← _ ← √_
• [?]
• “_”

• dveṣāṃsi ← dveṣas
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “hostility; enemy.”

• sadhryak ← sadhryañc
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter

हे सोम विश्वा सर्वाणि वसूनि अस्मदर्थं संजयन् पवस्व क्षर धारया । द्वेषांसि द्वेष्याणि सर्वाणि सध्र्यक् सहैव इनु प्रेरय दूरदेशं प्रति ॥

English translation:

“Flow, Soma, in a full stream, conquering for us all treasures– drive our enemies away together.”

Winning all good things, purify yourself in a stream, Soma.
Drive hostilities to a single end.

Winning all precious things at once, flow on, O Soma, with thy stream
Drive to one place our enemies.

Alle Güter erobernd läutere dich, Soma, im Strome, banne die Feinde insgesamt!

Erringend alle Güter dir, o Soma, riesle hell im Strom, Bezwing’ die Feinde allesammt.

Завоевывая все блага,
Очищайся, о сома, потоком!
Прогони проявления враждебности – все вместе!

• पवमानः सोमः
• नृमेधः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नृमेध
• छन्दः - गायत्री

र᳓क्षा सु᳓ नो अ᳓ररुषः
स्वना᳓त् समस्य क᳓स्य चित्
निदो᳓ य᳓त्र मुमुच्म᳓हे

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
áraruṣaḥ ← árarivaṁs- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

rákṣa ← √rakṣⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sú ← sú (invariable)

cit ← cit (invariable)

kásya ← ká- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

samasya ← sama- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

svanā́t ← svaná- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:M, number:SG}

mumucmáhe ← √muc- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

nidáḥ ← níd- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:F, number:SG}

yátra ← yátra (invariable)

रक्ष॑ । सु । नः॒ । अर॑रुषः । स्व॒नात् । स॒म॒स्य॒ । कस्य॑ । चि॒त् ।
नि॒दः । यत्र॑ । मु॒मु॒च्महे॑ ॥

• rakṣā ← rakṣ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “protect; guard; keep; stow; govern; guard; spare; accumulate.”

• su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• araruṣaḥ ← a
• [adverb]
• “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

• araruṣaḥ ← raruṣaḥ ← rā
• [verb noun], genitive, singular
• “give; impart.”

• svanāt ← svana
• [noun], ablative, singular, masculine
• “noise; sound; svan.”

• samasya ← sama
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “like; like; alike(p); level; symmetrical; balanced; average; same; regular; impartial; imperturbable; even; sama [word]; every(a); accurate; identical; fair; equal; synonymous; changeless; whole; exact; calm; straight; even; wide.”

• kasya ← ka
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “what; who; ka [pronoun].”

• cit
• [adverb]
• “even; indeed.”

• nido ← nidaḥ ← nid
• [noun], ablative, singular, feminine
• “derision; scoffer; contempt.”

• yatra
• [adverb]
• “wherein; once [when].”

• mumucmahe ← muc
• [verb], plural, Perfect indicative
• “liberate; emit; get rid of; shoot; release; put; tousle; secrete; fill into; shoot; spill; lose; ejaculate; exclude; free; remove; loosen; let go of; add; shed; want; save; defecate; heal; fart; open; abandon; discard; precipitate; reject; lay; unleash; exhale; discharge.”

हे सोम नः अस्मान् सु सुष्ठु रक्ष पालय । कस्मात् । अररुषः अदातुः स्वनात् शब्दात् निन्दारूपात्। किमेकस्यादानशीलस्य । न । समस्य सर्वस्य योऽस्ति तस्य सर्वस्य कस्यचित् । कंचनामुञ्चन्नित्यर्थः । न केवलमदातुः स्वनात् । किं तर्हि । कस्य चित् कस्यापि निदः निन्दकाद्रक्ष । यत्र मुमुच्महे यस्मिन्रक्षणे सति वयं मुक्ता भवेम तेन रक्षणेन रक्षेति ॥

English translation:

“Preserve us from the reproach of every one who makes offerings, who utters a blame– that we may be free.”

Protect us well from the non-giver, from the mere sound of any such a one, when we have become free of insult.

áraruṣaḥ in pāda a can be gen. or abl. sg. Either of them can fit the syntax: as abl. it can be construed directly with rákṣā (“protect from …”) and be parallel to svanā́t in b; as gen., it can be dependent on svanā́t and part of the gen. NP samasya kásya cit. Geldner follows the 2nd path (“vor dem Schnauben eines jeden Geizhalses”), while Renou (and I) the 1st . I do so partly because an abl. simply gives more oomph – protection from a non-giver seems more critical than simply from the sound of one – but primarily because of the word order: the audience hearing a form that could be abl. immediately after √rakṣ would naturally take it as an abl. It’s possible that they would revise their opinion on encountering a 2nd abl.

followed by a gen. sg. to which áraruṣaḥ could belong, but it’s also possible (likely even) that they would see no reason to reinterpr. áraruṣaḥ.

The subordinate cl. in c does not fit with the main cl. very well, as the awkwardness of the published translation shows. The problem is the verb: what is wanted in context is a modal in a purpose-type clause (“so that we will/may become free of insult”); this would work well with protection from the “sound” in pāda b. But mumucmáhe is resolutely pf. indicative (or redupl. pres. indic.; see Kümmel 380 and nn. 677, 678). Both Geldner and Renou supply material to smooth the transition, Renou with a pres. part. attached to ab: “(nous plaçant) là où nous soyons à l’abri de la nocivité” – thus also sneaking in the desirable modality. Geldner starts a new sentence with c, supplying as main cl. “da wollen wir sein.” Kümmel avoids supplying anything, but sneaks in futurity in parens: “da wir von der Schmach befreit (worden) sind.” I don’t have a good solution and so stick with the awk. published translation

Preserve us from the godless, from ill-omened voice of one and all,
That so we may be freed from blame.

Behüte uns vor dem Schnauben eines jeden Geizhalses, wer er auch sei; wo wir von Tadel verschont bleiben, da wollen wir sein.

Errett’ uns von dem Geizigen, von jedes Menschen Wuth dahin, Wo wir von Hassern sind befreit.

Защити нас хорошенько от скупца,
От (его) голоса, кем бы он ни был!
(Помести нас туда,) где мы были бы свободны от зависти!

• पवमानः सोमः
• नृमेधः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (नः) हमारी (समस्य कस्यचित् अररुषः) सम्पूर्ण अदाता लोगों के (निदः) निन्दारूप शब्द से रक्षा करिये (निदः) और निन्दक लोगों से भी बचाइये (यत्र मुमुच्महे) जिस रक्षा से हम निन्दादिकों से मुक्त रहें॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - अभ्युदयशाली मनुष्य का कर्तव्य यह होना चाहिये कि वह कदर्य कदापि न बने। जो पुरुष कदर्य होता है, वह सर्वदैव संसार में निन्दनीय रहता है, इसलिये हे पुरुषो ! तुम कदर्यता कायरता और प्रमत्तता इत्यादि भावों को छोड़कर उदारता वीरता और अप्रमत्तता इत्यादि भावों को धारण करो ॥५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (नः) अस्मान् (समस्य कस्यचित् अररुषः) सर्वेषामदातॄणां (स्वनात् रक्ष) निन्दारूपशब्देभ्यो रक्ष (निदः) निन्दकेभ्यश्च रक्ष (यत्र मुमुच्महे) यया रक्षया वयं निन्दादिभ्यो मुक्ताः स्याम ॥५॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - नृमेध
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓ इन्दो पा᳓र्थिवं रयिं᳓
दिव्य᳓म् पवस्व धा᳓रया
द्युम᳓न्तं शु᳓ष्मम् आ᳓ भर

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

indo ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

pā́rthivam ← pā́rthiva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

dhā́rayā ← dhā́rā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

divyám ← divyá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

pavasva ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

bhara ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

dyumántam ← dyumánt- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

śúṣmam ← śúṣma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

आ । इ॒न्दो॒ इति॑ । पार्थि॑वम् । र॒यिम् । दि॒व्यम् । प॒व॒स्व॒ । धार॑या ।
द्यु॒ऽमन्त॑म् । शुष्म॑म् । आ । भ॒र॒ ॥

• endo ← ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• endo ← indo ← indu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• pārthivaṃ ← pārthivam ← pārthiva
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “earthly; earthen; mundane; royal; tellurian; sublunar.”

• rayiṃ ← rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• divyam ← divya
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “divine; celestial; divine; heavenly; divine; beautiful; rain; agreeable.”

• pavasva ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• dhārayā ← dhārā
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

• dyumantaṃ ← dyumantam ← dyumat
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “bright; brilliant; brilliant; loud.”

• śuṣmam ← śuṣma
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “vigor; energy; fire; hiss; courage.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• bhara ← bhṛ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

हे इन्दो क्लिद्यमान सोम त्वं धारया आ पवस्व सर्वतः क्षर । पार्थिवं दिव्यं च रयिं धनं द्युमन्तं दीप्तिमन्तं शुष्मं बलं च आ भर आहरास्मभ्यम् ॥ ॥ १९ ॥

English translation:

“Indu, pour to us in a stream terrestrial and celestial riches, bring brilliant vigour.”

O drop, in purifying yourself in a stream attract earthly and heavenly wealth.
Bring here your brilliant tempestuous force.

This is the 3rd hymn in a row, all attributed to Āṅgirasa poets, with a form of śuṣmín-, śúṣma- in the final vs. Also in the next hymn IX.30, also an Āṅgirasa hymn, vss. 1 (śuṣmín-) and 3 (śúṣma-). As noted in the published introduction. to IX.30, the word is not characteristic of Āṅgirasa poets elsewhere, even in the IXth Maṇḍala, although there are numerous hymns attributed to them in this maṇḍala (besides our IX.27-30): IX.4, 35-36, 37-38, 39-40, 44-46, 50-52, 61, 67 [part], 69, 72, 73, 83, parts of 97 and 108, 112). Of these, only IX.50.1, 52.4, attributed to Ucatha Āṅgirasa, contain members of this word family. In hymns attributed to Āṅgirasa poets outside of IX, the words are found only in X.43.3 (Kṛṣṇa Āṅgirasa), VIII.96.8 (Tiraṣci Āṅgirarsa), and – most noteworthy – VIII.98.12, 99.6, the only two hymns outside of IX attributed exclusively to Nṛmedha Āṅgirasa, the poet of our IX.27, 29.

O Indu, as thou flowest on bring us the wealth of earth and heaven,
And splendid vigour, in thy stream.

Läutere dich, o Saft, im Strome und bring irdischen, himmlischen Reichtum; bring uns glänzenden Mut!

Im Strom, o Indu, riesle her des Himmels und der Erde Schatz, Bring her den starken, glänzenden.

О капля, очищайся потоком, принося
Земное (и) небесное богатство!
Принеси (нам) сверкающий порыв!

• पवमानः सोमः
• नृमेधः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः