०२०

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प्र᳓ कवि᳓र् देव᳓वीतये
अ᳓व्यो वा᳓रेभिर् अर्षति
साह्वा᳓न् वि᳓श्वा अभि᳓ स्पृ᳓धः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
devávītaye ← devávīti- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

kavíḥ ← kaví- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)

arṣati ← √arṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ávyaḥ ← ávi- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

vā́rebhiḥ ← vā́ra- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

sāhvā́n ← √sah- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

spŕ̥dhaḥ ← spŕ̥dh- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

víśvāḥ ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

प्र । क॒विः । दे॒वऽवी॑तये । अव्यः॑ । वारे॑भिः । अ॒र्ष॒ति॒ ।
स॒ह्वान् । विश्वाः॑ । अ॒भि । स्पृधः॑ ॥

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• kavir ← kaviḥ ← kavi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

• devavītaye ← deva
• [noun], masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• devavītaye ← vītaye ← vīti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine

• ‘vyo ← avyaḥ ← avya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• vārebhir ← vārebhiḥ ← vāra
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “strainer.”

• arṣati ← ṛṣ
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “run.”

• sāhvān ← sah
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “endure; overcome; habituate.”

• viśvā ← viśvāḥ ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• spṛdhaḥ ← spṛdh
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “adversary; enemy; rival.”

कविः मेधावी सोमः देववीतये देवानां पानाय अव्यः अवेः वारेभिः वारैः दशापवित्रेण प्र अर्षति प्रकर्षेण गच्छति । साह्वान् शत्रूणां सोढा सोमः विश्वाः स्पृधः सर्वान् संग्रामान हिंसकान् वा अभि भवतीति शेषः ॥

English translation:

“The seer passes through the woollen fleece for the beverage of the gods, triumphing over all adversaries.”

Forth the poet rushes, through the sheep’s fleece, to pursue the gods, having prevailed over all opponents.

vā́rebhiḥ, lit. ‘along the hairs/fleece’ is an instr. of the path-along-which; see comm. ad IX.15.5.

FORTH through the straining-cloth the Sage flows to the banquet of the Gods,
Subduing all our enemies.

Der Seher fließt an den Schafhaaren weiter zur Götterladung, alle Gegner besiegend.

Zum Göttermahle strömet er, der Weise, durch die Wolle hin, Die Feinde alle bändigend.

Поэт струится вперед через сито
Из овечьей шерсти для приглашения богов,
Превзойдя всех противников.

• पवमानः सोमः
• असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

इस सूक्त में वेदवेत्ताओं में बलप्रदान का कथन करते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - वह परमात्मा (कविः) मेधावी है और (अव्याः) सबका रक्षक है (देववीतये) विद्वानों की तृप्ति के लिये (अर्षति) ज्ञान को देता है(साह्वान्)सहनशील है(विश्वाःस्पृधः) सम्पूर्ण दुष्टों को संग्रामों में (अभि) तिरस्कृत करता है॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा विद्वानों को ज्ञानप्रदान से और न्यायकारी सैनिकों को बलप्रदान से तृप्त करता है ॥१॥

अस्मिन् सूक्ते वेदवित्सु बलप्रदानं कथ्यते।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - स परमात्मा (कविः) मेधाव्यस्ति (अव्याः) सर्वस्य रक्षकश्चास्ति (देववीतये) विदुषां तृप्तये (अर्षति) ज्ञानं ददाति (साह्वान्) सहिष्णुरस्ति (विश्वाः) स्पृधः। कृत्स्नान् दुष्टान् सङ्ग्रामे (अभि) तिरस्करोति ॥१॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• छन्दः - गायत्री

स᳓ हि᳓ ष्मा जरितृ᳓भ्य आ᳓
वा᳓जं गो᳓मन्तम् इ᳓न्वति
प᳓वमानः सहस्रि᳓णम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

hí ← hí (invariable)

jaritŕ̥bhyaḥ ← jaritár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sma ← sma (invariable)

gómantam ← gómant- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ínvati ← √i- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vā́jam ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

pávamānaḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sahasríṇam ← sahasrín- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

सः । हि । स्म॒ । ज॒रि॒तृऽभ्यः॑ । आ । वाज॑म् । गोऽम॑न्तम् । इन्व॑ति ।
पव॑मानः । स॒ह॒स्रिण॑म् ॥

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• hi
• [adverb]
• “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

• ṣmā ← sma
• [adverb]

• jaritṛbhya ← jaritṛbhyaḥ ← jaritṛ
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “singer.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• vājaṃ ← vājam ← vāja
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• gomantam ← gomat
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “rich in cattle; bovine.”

• invati ← inv
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “bring; drive.”

• pavamānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• sahasriṇam ← sahasrin
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “thousandfold.”

स हि ष्म स खलु पवमानः सोमः जरितृभ्यः स्तोतृभ्यः गोमन्तं बहुभिगोंभिर्युक्तं सहस्रिणं सहस्रसंख्याकं वाजम् अन्नम् आ अभिमुखम् इन्वति व्याप्नोति । प्रयच्छतीत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“Verily he, the pure-flowing, bestows upon his praisers thousands of victuals with cattle.”

For he sends to the singers a prize of cattle
in thousands, as he purifies himself.

For he, as Pavamana, sends thousandfold treasure in the shape
Of cattle to the singing-men.

Denn er bringt den Sängern Gewinn von Rindern, tausendfältigen, während er sich läutert.

Denn tausendfache Labungen, an Rindern reiche führet er, Der rieselnde, den Sängern zu.

Ведь это он посылает певцам
Награду, состоящую из коров,
Тысячную, (этот) Павамана.

• पवमानः सोमः
• असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सः हि ष्म) वही (पवमानः) सबको पवित्र करनेवाला परमात्मा (जरितृभ्यः) अपने बलहीन उपासकों को (आ) भली प्रकार (सहस्रिणम्) हजारों प्रकार के (गोमन्तम्) बुद्धि के सहित (वाजिनम्) बलों को (इन्वति) देता है॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा परमात्मपरायण पुरुषों को अनन्त प्रकार का बल और बुद्धि प्रदान करता है ॥२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सः हि ष्म) स हि पूर्वोक्तः (पवमानः) सर्वेषां पावयिता परमात्मा (जरितृभ्यः) स्वदुर्बलोपासकेभ्यः (आ) सम्यक् (सहस्रिणम्) अनेकविधं (गोमन्तम्) बुद्धिसहितं (वाजिनम्) बलं (इन्वति) प्रयच्छति ॥२॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प᳓रि वि᳓श्वानि चे᳓तसा
मृश᳓से प᳓वसे मती᳓
स᳓ नः सोम श्र᳓वो विदः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
cétasā ← cétas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

pári ← pári (invariable)

víśvāni ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

matī́ ← matí- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

mr̥śáse ← √mr̥ś- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

pávase ← √pū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

soma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

śrávaḥ ← śrávas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

vidaḥ ← √vid- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

परि॑ । विश्वा॑नि । चेत॑सा । मृ॒शसे॑ । पव॑से । म॒ती ।
सः । नः॒ । सो॒म॒ । श्रवः॑ । वि॒दः॒ ॥

• pari
• [adverb]
• “from; about; around.”

• viśvāni ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• cetasā ← cetas
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “mind; heart; consciousness; intelligence; purpose; cetas [word].”

• mṛśase ← mṛś
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “touch.”

• pavase ← pū
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• matī ← mati
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “intelligence; decision; mind; hymn; purpose; idea; opinion; belief; desire; wish; conviction; plan; devotion.”

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• soma
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• śravo ← śravaḥ ← śravas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “fame; glory; ear.”

• vidaḥ ← vid
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “find; detect; marry; get; think.”

हे सोम त्वं चेतसा स्वीयेनास्मदनुकूलेन चित्तेन विश्वानि सर्वाणि धनानि परि मृशसे । प्रयच्छसीत्यर्थः । मती मत्यास्मत्स्तुत्या पवसे क्षरसि रसम्। सः त्वं हे सोम नः अस्मभ्यं श्रवः अन्नं विदः देहि ॥

English translation:

“By the favour you give to us all kinds of wealth, you flow at our praise; grant us, O Soma, food.”

With your attention you embrace all things; you purify yourself with our poetic thought.
Soma, you will find fame for us.

The sense of the injunc. vidaḥ here is uncertain, but my rendering in the published translation as if it were a subjunctive is almost surely wrong. In general, 2nd sg. injunctives to thematic aorists have been taken as modal (see Hoffmann, Injunk. 263), and certainly Geldner and Renou both tr. this form as an impv. The sá opening the pāda supports the interpr. as an imperative substitute, since, by my rules (“Vedic ‘sá figé’: An Inherited Sentence Connective?,” Historische Sprachforschung 105 [1992]: 213-39), sá (and other nominative forms of this pronoun) are found with 2nd ps. ref. almost exclusively with imperatives. Hoffmann (loc. cit.), however, says that modal use of the various occurrences of vidaḥ is “nicht durchweg sicher.” Nonetheless I would now change the tr. to an imperatival “find fame for us,” because of the sá. I do not think that this calls my interpr. of vidā́ as an impv. in the preceding hymn (19.8) into question. See comm. there. For other occurrences of the form vidaḥ, see comm. ad I.42.7-9.

Thou graspest all things with thy mind, and purifiest thee with thoughts
As such, O Soma, find us fame.

Alles überlegst du im Geiste, du läuterst dich mit Bedacht. Schaff uns Ruhm, Soma!

Das All umfängst du mit Verstand, mit weiser Absicht rieselst du; So schenk uns, Soma, reichen Schatz.

Разумом ты охватываешь все.
Ты очищаешься мыслью,
Создай нам, о сома, славу!

• पवमानः सोमः
• असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे परमात्मन् ! (चेतसा) हमारे मन के अनुकूल (विश्वानि) आप सब प्रकार के धनों को (परि मृशसे) देते हो (मती पवसे) हमारी बुद्धि को स्तुतियों से पवित्र करते हो (सःनः) सो आप हमारे लिये (श्रवः विदः) सब प्रकार के ऐश्वर्यों को दीजिये ॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मपरायण पुरुषों की परमात्मा सब प्रकार की रक्षा करता है और उनको ऐश्वर्य प्रदान करता है ॥३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे परमात्मन् ! (चेतसा) अस्मन्मनसा चिन्तितानि (विश्वानि) सर्वविधधनानि भवान् (परि मृशसे) ददाति (मती पवसे) मद्बुद्धीः स्तुतिभिः पुनाति (स नः) स भवानस्मभ्यं (श्रवः विदः) सर्वविधैश्वर्याणि ददातु ॥३॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अभि᳓ अर्ष बृह᳓द् य᳓शो
मघ᳓वद्भ्यो ध्रुवं᳓ रयि᳓म्
इ᳓षं स्तोतृ᳓भ्य आ᳓ भर

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
abhí ← abhí (invariable)

arṣa ← √arṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

br̥hát ← br̥hánt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

yáśaḥ ← yáśas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

dhruvám ← dhruvá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

maghávadbhyaḥ ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

bhara ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

íṣam ← íṣ- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

stotŕ̥bhyaḥ ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

अ॒भि । अ॒र्ष॒ । बृ॒हत् । यशः॑ । म॒घव॑त्ऽभ्यः । ध्रु॒वम् । र॒यिम् ।
इष॑म् । स्तो॒तृऽभ्यः । आ । भ॒र॒ ॥

• abhy ← abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• arṣa ← ṛṣ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “run.”

• bṛhad ← bṛhat
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

• yaśo ← yaśaḥ ← yaśas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “fame; Yaśas.”

• maghavadbhyo ← maghavadbhyaḥ ← maghavan
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “big.”

• dhruvaṃ ← dhruvam ← dhruva
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “certain; fixed; permanent; changeless; firm; safe; resident; immovable; fixed; fixed; vital; faithful.”

• rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• iṣaṃ ← iṣam ← iṣ
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”

• stotṛbhya ← stotṛbhyaḥ ← stotṛ
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “laudatory; worshiping.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• bhara ← bhṛ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

हे सोम बृहद्यशः महतीं कीर्तिम् अभ्यर्ष अभिगमय । मघवद्भ्यः हविष्मद्भ्यः अस्मभ्यं ध्रुवं रयिं धनं चाभ्यर्ष । किंच इषम् अन्नं स्तोतृभ्यः अस्मभ्यम् आ भर आहर ॥

English translation:

“Bestow upon us great renown, grant durable riches to those who profuse in their libations, bring food to your praisers.”

Rush toward lofty glory, toward enduring wealth for our generous patrons.
Bring refreshment here to the praisers.

Pour lofty glory on us, send sure riches to our liberal lords,
Bring food to those who sing thy praise.

Ströme zu hoher Ehre, zu dauerndem Reichtum den Gönnern, bring den Sängern Speisegenuß!

Den Opferherren ströme zu erhabnen Glanz und dauernd, Gut, Den Sängern bringe Labetrunk.

Струясь, даруй высокий блеск
(Нашим) щедрым покровителям, прочное богатство!
Принеси усладу восхвалителям!

• पवमानः सोमः
• असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (मघवद्भ्यः) जो आपके उपासक धनादि ऐश्वर्यसम्पन्न हैं, उनके (रयिम् ध्रुवम्) धन को अचल सुरक्षित कीजिये और (बृहद्यशः) अत्यन्त यश को (अभ्यर्ष) दीजिये और (इषम् स्तोतृभ्यः आभर) जो आपके स्तोता हैं, उनके लिये धनादि ऐश्वर्य दीजिये॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा सदाचारी और संयमी पुरुषों के धनादि ऐश्वर्य और यश को दृढ करता है ॥४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (मघवद्भ्यः) ये भवदुपासकाः धनाद्यैश्वर्यसम्पन्नाः तेषां (रयिम् ध्रुवम्) धनं सुस्थिरं करोतु तथा (बृहद्यशः) अत्यन्तयशः (अभ्यर्ष) प्रयच्छतु तथा (इषम् स्तोतृभ्यः आभर) स्वस्तोतृभ्यो धनाद्यैश्वर्यं ददातु ॥४॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तुवं᳓ रा᳓जेव सुव्रतो᳓
गि᳓रः सोमा᳓ विवेशिथ
पुनानो᳓ वह्ने अद्भुत

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
iva ← iva (invariable)

rā́jā ← rā́jan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

suvratáḥ ← suvratá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

gíraḥ ← gír- ~ gīr- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

soma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

viveśitha ← √viś- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

adbhuta ← ádbhuta- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

punānáḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

vahne ← váhni- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

त्वम् । राजा॑ऽइव । सु॒ऽव्र॒तः । गिरः॑ । सो॒म॒ । आ । वि॒वे॒शि॒थ॒ ।
पु॒ना॒नः । व॒ह्ने॒ । अ॒द्भु॒त॒ ॥

• tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• rājeva ← rājā ← rājan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”

• rājeva ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• suvrato ← suvrataḥ ← suvrata
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “virtuous; tractable; severe.”

• giraḥ ← gir
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

• somā ← soma
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• somā ← ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• viveśitha ← viś
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “enter; penetrate; settle; settle.”

• punāno ← punānaḥ ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• vahne ← vahni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; digestion; Plumbago zeylanica; Agni; vahni; draft horse; three; sacrificial fire; Vahni; gold; southeast; citron; charioteer; leader.”

• adbhuta
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “extraordinary; amazing; supernatural.”

हे सोम सुव्रतः सुकर्मा पुनानः त्वं राजेव गिरः अस्मदीयाः स्तुतीः आ विवेशिथ आविशसि । हे वह्ने वोढः अद्भुत महन् सोम ॥

English translation:

“Purified one, doer of good deeds, you, Soma, enter our praises like a king, O wonderful bearer (of our offerings).”

You well keep commandments like a king. You have entered the songs, o Soma,
while being purified, o unerring draft-horse.

Both Geldner and Renou take ab together, but I do not understand how the simile “like a king” (rā́jeva) would work with the VP (“you have entered the songs” gíraḥ … viveśitha). I have therefore taken the two pādas as separate clauses. The simile in pāda a then works well, since it makes perfect sense that a king should “possess good commandments” (suvratáḥ). The splitting of the two pādas gains further support from IX.57.3b, a pāda closely corresponding to our pāda a: íbho rā́jeva suvratáḥ, where there is no question of entering songs or any similar action and the shared quality of simile and frame must be suvratá-.

For further on the expression “enter songs” in pāda b, see published introduction.

As thou art cleansed, O Wondrous Steed, O Soma, thou hast entered, like
A pious King, into the songs.

Du bist wie ein pflichtgetreuer König auf die Lobreden eingegangen, während du dich läuterst, du unbegreiflicher Wagenfahrer.

Du drangst gleich mächt’gem Könige, o Soma, in die Lieder ein, Gereinigt, fahrend, wunderbar.

Ты, словно царь, верный обету,
Вошел в песни (людей), о сома,
Когда ты очищаешься, о удивительный возница.

• पवमानः सोमः
• असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे परमात्मन् ! (त्वम् राजा इव) आप राजा की तरह (सुव्रतः) सुकर्मी हैं और (गिरः आविवेशिथ) वेदवाणियों में प्रविष्ट हैं (पुनानः) सबको पवित्र करनेवाले हैं और (वह्ने) हे सबके प्रेरक ! आप (अद्भुत) नित्य नूतन हैं ॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - परमात्मा सब नियमों का नियन्ता है। नियम पालने की शक्ति मनुष्यों में उसी की कृपा से आती है ॥५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे परमात्मन् ! (त्वम् राजा इव) भवान् राजा इव (सुव्रतः) सुकर्माऽस्ति तथा (गिरः आविवेशिथ) वेदवाक्षु प्रविष्टोऽस्ति (पुनानः) सर्वस्य पावयितास्ति (वह्ने) हे सर्वस्य प्रेरक ! भवान् (अद्भुत) नित्यनवोऽस्ति ॥५॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• छन्दः - गायत्री

स᳓ व᳓ह्निर् अप्सु᳓ दुष्ट᳓रो
मृज्य᳓मानो ग᳓भस्तियोः
सो᳓मश् चमू᳓षु सीदति

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
apsú ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

duṣṭáraḥ ← duṣṭára- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

váhniḥ ← váhni- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

gábhastyoḥ ← gábhasti- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:DU}

mr̥jyámānaḥ ← √mr̥j- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:PASS}

camū́ṣu ← camū́- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

sīdati ← √sad- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sómaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

सः । वह्निः॑ । अ॒प्ऽसु । दु॒स्तरः॑ । मृ॒ज्यमा॑नः । गभ॑स्त्योः ।
सोमः॑ । च॒मूषु॑ । सी॒द॒ति॒ ॥

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• vahnir ← vahniḥ ← vahni
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “fire; digestion; Plumbago zeylanica; Agni; vahni; draft horse; three; sacrificial fire; Vahni; gold; southeast; citron; charioteer; leader.”

• apsu ← ap
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• duṣṭaro ← duṣṭaraḥ ← duṣṭara
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “incomparable; irresistible; unbearable; unconquerable.”

• mṛjyamāno ← mṛjyamānaḥ ← mṛj
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “purify; polish; rub; remove.”

• gabhastyoḥ ← gabhasti
• [noun], locative, dual, masculine
• “beam; hand; sun.”

• somaś ← somaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• camūṣu ← camū
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “army; camū; Camū.”

• sīdati ← sad
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

सः सोमः वह्निः वोढा यज्ञादेः अप्सु अन्तरिक्षे वर्तमानः दुष्टरः दुःखेनान्यैस्तरणीयः मृज्यमानः शोध्यमानः गभस्त्योः हस्तयोरेवंभूतः सन् सः चमूषु पात्रेषु सीदति ॥

English translation:

“Soma, the bearer (of oblations), abiding in the waters of the firmament, difficult to be surpassed, being cleansed by our hands reposes in the vessels.”

That draft-horse, difficult to overtake in the waters, being groomed in (the priest’s) hands,
Soma, sits in the cups.

On apsú duṣṭáraḥ see comm. ad 16.3.

He, Soma, like a courser in the floods invincible, made clean
With hands, is resting in the jars.

Der Wagenfahrer, im Wasser nicht unterzukriegen, zwischen den Händen gereinigt, der Soma setzt sich in die Gefäße.

Der unbesiegbar in der Flut, geläutert von, den Armen fährt, Setzt in die Schalen Soma sich.

Этот возница, непобедимый в водах,
Начищаясь между двух рук (жреца),
Сома усаживается в чанах.

• पवमानः सोमः
• असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सः सोमः) वह परमात्मा (अप्सु) लोक-लोकान्तर में विद्यमान है और (वह्निः) सबका प्रेरक है और (दुष्टरः) दुराधर्ष है (गभस्त्योः) अपने प्रकाश से (मृज्यमानः) स्वयं प्रकाशित है (चमूषु सीदति) न्यायकारियों की सेना में स्वयम् विराजमान होता है ॥६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - यद्यपि परमात्मा के भाव सर्वत्र भावित हैं, तथापि जैसे न्यायकारी सम्राजों की सेनाओं में उनके रौद्र वीर भयानकादि भाव प्रस्फुटित होते हैं, ऐसे अन्यत्र नहीं ॥६॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सः सोमः) स परमात्मा (अप्सु) प्रतिलोकं विद्यमानः (वह्निः) सर्वेषां प्रेरकश्च तथा (दुष्टरः) दुराधर्षोऽस्ति (गभस्त्योः) स्वप्रकाशैः (मृज्यमानः) प्रकाशमानः (चमूषु सीदति) न्यायकारिसेनाषु स्वयं विराजते च ॥६॥

• देवता - पवमानः सोमः
• ऋषिः - असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• छन्दः - गायत्री

क्रीळु᳓र् मखो᳓ न᳓ मंहयुः᳓
पवि᳓त्रं सोम गछसि
द᳓धत् स्तोत्रे᳓ सुवी᳓रियम्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
krīḷúḥ ← krīḷú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

makháḥ ← makhá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

maṁhayúḥ ← maṁhayú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)

gachasi ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

pavítram ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

soma ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

dádhat ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

stotré ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

suvī́ryam ← suvī́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

क्री॒ळुः । म॒खः । न । मं॒ह॒युः । प॒वित्र॑म् । सो॒म॒ । ग॒च्छ॒सि॒ ।
दध॑त् । स्तो॒त्रे । सु॒ऽवीर्य॑म् ॥

• krīﾱur ← krīḍuḥ ← krīḍu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “playing.”

• makho ← makhaḥ ← makha
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• maṃhayuḥ ← maṃhayu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “big.”

• pavitraṃ ← pavitram ← pavitra
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “strainer.”

• soma
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• gacchasi ← gam
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

• dadhat ← dhā
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• stotre ← stotṛ
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “laudatory; worshiping.”

• suvīryam ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• suvīryam ← vīryam ← vīrya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “potency; vīrya; heroism; potency; strength; semen; power; deed; active agent; efficacy; vīryapāramitā; gold; vigor; vīrya [word]; virility; manfulness; jewel; force.”

हे सोम क्रीळुः क्रीडनशीलस्त्वं मंहयुः । मंहतिर्दानकर्मा । दानेच्छुः मखो न दानमिव पवित्रं गच्छसि । किं कुर्वन् । स्तोत्रे स्तुतिकर्त्रे सुवीर्यं शोभनवीर्यं दधत् प्रयच्छन् ॥ ॥१०॥

English translation:

“Soma, you proceed to the straining-cloth, sportive and genitive rous, like a gift, giving excellent vigour to him who praises you.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Like a gift: makhaḥ = sacrifice; from root magh

Playful, ready to give like a generous patron, you go through the filter, o Soma,
establishing an abundance of heroes for the praiser.

On the double sense of makhá- see comm. ad I.18.9; in our passage the ‘bounteous’ sense prevails, though it could also be making a subtle ring with vs. 1. In 1c Soma conquers all opponents, and here he could be secondarily called a battler as well as bounteous.

Disporting, like a liberal chief, thou goest, Soma, to the sieve,
Lending the laud a Hero’s strength.

Spielend, schenklustig wie ein nobler Herr, gehst du Soma in die Seihe, dem Sänger die Meisterschaft bringend.

Gleich muterm Sieger gabenreich, o Soma, gehst du in das Sieb Und gibst dem Sänger Heldenkraft.

Играющий, склонный к щедрости, как даритель(?),
Ты идешь, о сома, в цедилку,
Наделяя восхвалителя обилием сыновей.

• पवमानः सोमः
• असितः काश्यपो देवलो वा
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे परमात्मन् ! (क्रीळुः) आप क्रीडनशील हो (मखः न मंहयुः) यज्ञ के समान दानी हो (पवित्रम् गच्छसि) पवित्र सत्कर्मी मनुष्य को प्राप्त होते हो(स्तोत्रे सुवीर्यम् दधत्) वेदादिसच्छास्त्रों में अपना बल प्रदान करते हैं ॥७॥

भावार्थभाषाः - संसार की यह विविध प्रकार की रचना, जिसके पारावार को मनुष्य मन से भी नहीं पा सकता, वह परमात्मा के आगे एक लीलामात्र है ॥७॥ यह बीसवाँ सूक्त और दसवाँ वर्ग समाप्त हुआ ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सोम) हे परमात्मन् ! (क्रीळुः) भवान् क्रीडनशीलः (मखः न मंहयुः) क्रतुरिव दातास्ति (पवित्रम् गच्छसि) सत्कर्माणं जनं समभिगच्छति (स्तोत्रे सुवीर्यम् दधत्) वेदादिशास्त्रेषु स्वबलं समर्पयति च ॥७॥ विंशतितमं सूक्तं दशमो वर्गश्च समाप्तः ॥