००३

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘एष देवः’ इति दशर्चं तृतीयं सूक्तमाजीगर्तेः शुनःशेपस्यार्षं गायत्रं पवमानसोमदेवताकम् । अनुक्रान्तं च - एषः शुनःशेपः’ इति । उक्तो विनियोगः ॥

Jamison Brereton

3 (715)
Soma Pavamāna
Śunaḥśepa Ājiīgarti
10 verses: gāyatrī
Following the pattern set by IX.1–2, the Anukramaṇī gives as the poet of this hymn the author of the third collection of hymns in Maṇḍala I (24–30), Śunaḥśepa Ājīgarti, also the protagonist of the famous Aitareya Brāhmaṇa story of father/son sacrifice (AiB VII.13–18), related during the Rājasūya, the Royal Consecration.
The hymn is verbally unified by the “this (one)” (eṣá), which begins every verse. It is thematically unified by its focus on only one step of the preparation, the filter ing through sheep’s wool that is the self-purification proper. A form of the verb “purify oneself” appears in seven of the ten verses (and “filter” derived from the same root in an eighth; only vss. 1 and 6 lack such a form). The poet provides vari ety with a range of images, from the bird of verse 1 to the chariot rider in verse 5, and as is common he conflates, and equates, the ritual and cosmic spheres. So, for example, the filter across which the soma moves is both a tangle of wool (vs. 2) and the vast spaces of heaven and the atmosphere (vs. 7).

Jamison Brereton Notes

As discussed in the published introduction, this hymn is unified by a simple device, the nom. sg.

m. prn/pronominal adj. eṣá ‘this (one)’ that opens each vs. The first three vss. (and vs. 5) begin eṣá deváḥ; in a further two vss. (7, 8) the 2nd word divám is, of course, etymologically related to devá- and a phonological variant (i for e in the initial syllable). Only vss. 4, 6, 9, and 10 stand aside from this pattern – and 6 and 9 have deváḥ in their 2nd pādas. The final vs., 10, opens eṣá u syá “this one here, this very one,” producing an emphatic summary with the addition of a 2nd prn.

As was also noted in the published introduction, the maṇḍala’s signature word ‘purify oneself’ is also omnipresent in this hymn, esp. the nom. sg. pres. part. pávamāna- ‘purifying himself’, which opens the pāda in vss. 2(c), 3(b), 4(c), 5(b), 7(c), 8(c); pavítre is found (mid-pāda) in 9, and once again vs. 10 marks a change and a summary, by using the finite form pavate (mid-c). Only vss. 1 and 6 lack a form of √pū. It might be worthy of note (if we understood how this maṇḍala had been assembled) that this flurry of repetitions is the first appearance of the part. pávamāna- in this maṇḍala. The over-abundance of forms of √pū may balance the lack of any overt mention of sóma-.

It can also be noted that the hymn is entirely in the 3rd ps.

01 एष देवो - गायत्री

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ए॒ष दे॒वो अम॑र्त्यः पर्ण॒वीरि॑व दीयति ।
अ॒भि द्रोणा॑न्या॒सद॑म् ॥

02 एष देवो - गायत्री

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ए॒ष दे॒वो वि॒पा कृ॒तोऽति॒ ह्वरां॑सि धावति ।
पव॑मानो॒ अदा॑भ्यः ॥

03 एष देवो - गायत्री

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ए॒ष दे॒वो वि॑प॒न्युभिः॒ पव॑मान ऋता॒युभिः॑ ।
हरि॒र्वाजा॑य मृज्यते ॥

04 एष विश्वानि - गायत्री

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ए॒ष विश्वा॑नि॒ वार्या॒ शूरो॒ यन्नि॑व॒ सत्व॑भिः ।
पव॑मानः सिषासति ॥

05 एष देवो - गायत्री

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ए॒ष दे॒वो र॑थर्यति॒ पव॑मानो दशस्यति ।
आ॒विष्कृ॑णोति वग्व॒नुम् ॥

06 एष विप्रैरभिष्थुतोऽपो - गायत्री

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ए॒ष विप्रै॑र॒भिष्टु॑तो॒ऽपो दे॒वो वि गा॑हते ।
दध॒द्रत्ना॑नि दा॒शुषे॑ ॥

07 एष दिवम् - गायत्री

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ए॒ष दिवं॒ वि धा॑वति ति॒रो रजां॑सि॒ धार॑या ।
पव॑मानः॒ कनि॑क्रदत् ॥

08 एष दिवम् - गायत्री

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ए॒ष दिवं॒ व्यास॑रत्ति॒रो रजां॒स्यस्पृ॑तः ।
पव॑मानः स्वध्व॒रः ॥

09 एष प्रत्नेन - गायत्री

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ए॒ष प्र॒त्नेन॒ जन्म॑ना दे॒वो दे॒वेभ्यः॑ सु॒तः ।
हरिः॑ प॒वित्रे॑ अर्षति ॥

10 एष उ - गायत्री

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ए॒ष उ॒ स्य पु॑रुव्र॒तो ज॑ज्ञा॒नो ज॒नय॒न्निषः॑ ।
धार॑या पवते सु॒तः ॥