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सायण-भाष्यम्
‘ऋधक्’ इति षोडशर्चमष्टमं सूक्तम् । अत्रानुक्रम्यते - ‘ ऋधक् षोडश जमदग्निर्भार्गवो मैत्रावरुणं प्रागाथं त्रित्रिष्टुबन्तं तृतीयादि गायत्री सतोबृहती स्तोत्रं राजस्वृक्सपादादित्याश्विन्यौ वायव्ये सौर्यौ बृहत्युषस्या सूर्यप्रभास्तुतिर्वा पवमानी गव्ये ’ इति । भृगुगोत्रो जमदग्निर्ऋषिः । चतुर्दश्याद्यास्तिस्रस्त्रिष्टुभः । त्रयोदशी बृहती शिष्टानामयुजो बृहत्यो युजः सतोबृहत्यः । तृतीया गायत्री। ‘ स्तोत्रं राजसु गायत’ इति पादेन सहिता ते हिन्विरे’ इत्यादित्यदेवताका । ‘ आ मे वचांसि ’ इति द्वे अश्विदेवताके । ‘आ नो यज्ञं दिविस्पृशम्’ इति द्वे वायुदेवत्ये। ‘ बण्महाँ असि सूर्य’ इति द्वे सूर्यदेवताके । इयं या नीची’ इत्येषा उषोदेवत्या । यद्वा । सूर्यप्रभानया स्तूयते । अतः सैव देवता । ‘प्रजा ह तिस्रः’ इत्येषा पवमानदेवताका । ‘ माता रुद्राणाम्’ इति द्वे गोदेवत्ये । शिष्टाः पञ्चर्चो मैत्रावरुण्यः । सूक्तविनियोगो लैङ्गिकः । संग्रामार्थं राज्ञः संनहने ‘प्र यो वां मित्रावरुणा’ इति द्वे राजानं वाचयेत् । सूत्रितं च – ‘ अभीवर्तं वाचयति प्र यो वां मित्रावरुणेति च द्वे’ ( आश्व. गृ. ३. १२. १२) इति । पृष्ठ्यस्य पञ्चमेऽहनि प्रउगे वायव्यतृचस्य ‘आ नो यज्ञम्’ इत्यादिके द्वे ऋचावाद्ये । सूत्रितं च - ‘आ नो यज्ञं दिविस्पृशमिति द्वे आ नो वायो महे तन इत्येका’ (आश्व. श्रौ. ७. १२ ) इति । आश्विनं शंसिष्यन् होता ‘बण्महाँ असि सूर्य’ इति द्वाभ्यामग्निं जुहुयात् । सूत्रितं च – बण्महाँ असि सूर्येति द्वाभ्यामिन्द्रं वो विश्वतस्परीति च (आश्व. श्रौ. ६. ५) इति । माध्यंदिनसवने सोमातिरेक एकं शस्त्रमुपजायते । तत्र ‘बण्महाँ असि’ इति प्रगाथः स्तोत्रियः । सूत्रितं च - बण्महाँ असि सूर्योदु त्यद्दर्शतं वपुरिति प्रगाथौ स्तोत्रियानुरूपौ’ ( आश्व. श्रौ. ६. ७ ) इति । अयमेव प्रगाथश्चातुर्विशिकेऽहनि माध्यंदिने ब्राह्मणाच्छंसिनो वैकल्पिकोऽनुरूपः । सूत्रितं च — श्रायन्तइव सूर्यं बण्महाँ असि सूर्य’ ( आश्व. श्रौ. ७. ४ ) इति । मधुपर्के गामुत्सृज्य ‘ माता रुद्राणाम्’ इति जपेत् । सूत्रितं च - ‘ माता रुद्राणां दुहिता वसूनामिति जपित्वोमुत्सृजतेत्युत्स्रक्ष्यन्’ ( आश्व. गृ. १. २४. २५ ) इति ॥
Jamison Brereton
101 (710)
Various Gods: Mitra and Varuṇa (1–5c), Ādityas (5d-6), Aśvins (7–8), Vāyu (9–10), Sūrya (11–12), Uṣas (or Praise of the Sun’s Radiance) (13), Pavamāna (14), Cow (15–16)
Jamadagni Bhārgava
16 verses: br̥hatī 1, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13; satobr̥hatī 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12; gāyatrī 3; triṣṭubh 14–16, arranged (for the most part) in pragāthas.
As the above summary of the deities and the meters demonstrates, this hymn is structurally quite complex, and indeed it may consist of several original hymns. (See Oldenberg 1888: 218 n. 1.) The divisions we see are somewhat at variance with the Anukramaṇī’s analysis. The first six verses appear to belong together, with two pragāthas (vss. 1–4) to Mitra and Varuṇa and a third (vss. 5–6) expanding to include the Ādityas in general, the three best known (Mitra, Varuṇa, and Aryaman) named and the rest subsumed under the title “kings.” The focus is on the gods’ journey to the sacrifice and the praise presented to them there, save for the second pragātha (vss. 3–4), which gives a notable description of Mitra and Varuṇa’s missile and the threat it poses.
There follow a pragātha to the Aśvins (vss. 7–8) and one to Vāyu (vss. 9–10), focused even more strongly on their journeys to the sacrifice. The following pragātha to the Sun (vss. 11–12) contains some of the most flat-footed verses in the R̥gveda; it is hard to tell whether the poet’s inspiration gave out, or if there is some deeper purpose that escapes the modern reader.
In our opinion the praise of divinities stops here, and the remainder of the hymn (vss. 13–16) depicts the ritual moment. In verse 13 an oblation of butter or some other milk product is poured into the fire by the priests; verse 14 (the most difficult verse in the hymn) appears to concern the offering of soma. The final two verses (15–16) exalt the cow, who appeared briefly in verse 13, in the most extravagant terms, as kin to major groups of gods, source of immortality, and a goddess asso
ciated with speech. This association (vs. 16) reminds us of the somewhat intrusive presence of the goddess Speech as a milk-cow at the end of the immediately preced ing hymn (VIII.100.10–11).
Jamison Brereton Notes
Various gods
01 ऋधगित्था स - बृहती
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ऋ᳓धग् इत्था᳓ स᳓ म᳓र्तियः
शशमे᳓ देव᳓तातये
यो᳓ नून᳓म् मित्रा᳓व᳓रुणाव् अभि᳓ष्टय
आचक्रे᳓ हव्य᳓दातये
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
ऋध॑गि॒त्था स मर्त्यः॑ शश॒मे दे॒वता॑तये ।
यो नू॒नं मि॒त्रावरु॑णाव॒भिष्ट॑य आच॒क्रे ह॒व्यदा॑तये ॥
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अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - मित्रावरुणौ
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
ऋ᳓धग् इत्था᳓ स᳓ म᳓र्तियः
शशमे᳓ देव᳓तातये
यो᳓ नून᳓म् मित्रा᳓व᳓रुणाव् अभि᳓ष्टय
आचक्रे᳓ हव्य᳓दातये
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
itthā́ ← itthā́ (invariable)
mártyaḥ ← mártya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ŕ̥dhak ← ŕ̥dhak (invariable)
sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
devátātaye ← devátāti- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}
śaśamé ← √śamⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}
abhíṣṭaye ← abhíṣṭi- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}
mitrā́váruṇau ← mitrā́váruṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:DU}
nūnám ← nūnám (invariable)
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ācakré ← √kr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}
havyádātaye ← havyádāti- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
ऋध॑क् । इ॒त्था । सः । मर्त्यः॑ । श॒श॒मे । दे॒वऽता॑तये ।
यः । नू॒नम् । मि॒त्रावरु॑णौ । अ॒भिष्ट॑ये । आ॒ऽच॒क्रे । ह॒व्यऽदा॑तये ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- ṛdhag ← ṛdhak
- [adverb]
- “away; apart.”
- itthā
- [adverb]
- “thus; here.”
- sa ← tad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- martyaḥ ← martya
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”
- śaśame ← śam
- [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
- “calm; go out; end; die; pacify; heal; labor; make peace; rest.”
- devatātaye ← devatāti
- [noun], dative, singular, feminine
- “deity; Deva.”
- yo ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- nūnam
- [adverb]
- “now; surely; immediately; just.”
- mitrāvaruṇāv ← mitrāvaruṇau ← mitrāvaruṇa
- [noun], accusative, dual, masculine
- “Varuna; Mitra.”
- abhiṣṭaya ← abhiṣṭaye ← abhiṣṭi
- [noun], dative, singular, feminine
- “prevalence; protection.”
- ācakre ← ākṛ ← √kṛ
- [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
- havyadātaye ← havya
- [noun], neuter
- “Havya; offering; havya [word].”
- havyadātaye ← dātaye ← dāti
- [noun], dative, singular, feminine
सायण-भाष्यम्
यः मनुष्यः नूनं क्षिप्रं हव्यदातये हविषां प्रदात्रे यजमानाय मित्रावरुणौ अभिष्टये अभिमतसिद्धयर्थम् आचक्रे अभिमुखौ करोति सः मर्त्यः मनुष्यः ऋधक् सत्यम् इत्था इत्थं देवतातये यज्ञार्थं शशमे हविः संस्करोति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“That man verily consecrates the oblation for the sacrifice, who brings quickly Mitra and Varuṇa to theofferer for the attainment of his desires.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Verily that man who worships Mitra and Varuṇa for the attainment of hisdesires and the giving of oblations, becomes thereby perfectly tranquil and able to perform the sacrifice: ṛdhagdevatātaye
Jamison Brereton
That mortal has labored just so for the conclave of the gods, each one by one,
who has now brought Mitra and Varuṇa here for their preeminence, for our giving of oblations.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The first word of the hymn, ṛ́dhak ‘separately, one by one’, may be stationed there to indicate that the hymn (or hymn collection; see published introduction.) to follow praises a number of gods individually, who collectively are summed up in devátātaye ‘for the conclave of the gods’ at the end of the same hemistich.
Griffith
YEA, specially that mortal man hath toiled for service of the Gods,
Who quickly hath brought near Mitra and Varuna. to share his sacrificial gifts.
Geldner
Der Sterbliche hat so der Gottheit richtig gedient, der jetzt Mitra und Varuna zum Vortritt für die Opferausteilung bestimmt hat.
Grassmann
Der Schar der Götter dient fürwahr am besten solch ein Sterblicher, Der stets sich Mitra-Varuna zum Beistand schafft für seine Opfer, die er bringt.
Elizarenkova
Действительно, тот смертный особо
Потрудился для толпы богов,
Кто сейчас привлекает себе на помощь
В принесении жертвы Митру-Варуну.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- मित्रावरुणौ
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- निचृद्बृहती
- मध्यमः
02 वर्षिष्टक्षत्रा उरुचक्षसा - सतो बृहती
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व᳓र्षिष्ठक्षत्रा उरुच᳓क्षसा न᳓रा
रा᳓जाना दीर्घश्रु᳓त्तमा
ता᳓ बाहु᳓ता न᳓ दंस᳓ना रथर्यतः
साकं᳓ सू᳓र्यस्य रश्मि᳓भिः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
वर्षि॑ष्ठक्षत्रा उरु॒चक्ष॑सा॒ नरा॒ राजा॑ना दीर्घ॒श्रुत्त॑मा ।
ता बा॒हुता॒ न दं॒सना॑ रथर्यतः सा॒कं सूर्य॑स्य र॒श्मिभिः॑ ॥
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अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - मित्रावरुणौ
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
व᳓र्षिष्ठक्षत्रा उरुच᳓क्षसा न᳓रा
रा᳓जाना दीर्घश्रु᳓त्तमा
ता᳓ बाहु᳓ता न᳓ दंस᳓ना रथर्यतः
साकं᳓ सू᳓र्यस्य रश्मि᳓भिः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
Morph
nárā ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
urucákṣasā ← urucákṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
várṣiṣṭhakṣatrau ← várṣiṣṭhakṣatra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
dīrghaśrúttamā ← dīrghaśrúttama- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
rā́jānā ← rā́jan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
bāhútā ← bāhútā (invariable)
daṁsánā ← daṁsánā- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}
ná ← ná (invariable)
ratharyataḥ ← √rathary- (root)
{number:DU, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
tā́ ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
raśmíbhiḥ ← raśmí- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
sākám ← sākám (invariable)
sū́ryasya ← sū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
वर्षि॑ष्ठऽक्षत्रौ । उ॒रु॒ऽचक्ष॑सा । नरा॑ । राजा॑ना । दी॒र्घ॒श्रुत्ऽत॑मा ।
ता । बा॒हुता॑ । न । दं॒सना॑ । र॒थ॒र्य॒तः॒ । सा॒कम् । सूर्य॑स्य । र॒श्मिऽभिः॑ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- varṣiṣṭhakṣatrā ← varṣiṣṭha
- [noun]
- “highest.”
- varṣiṣṭhakṣatrā ← kṣatrau ← kṣatra
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “Kshatriya; dominion; Kshatriya; kṣatra [word]; power.”
- urucakṣasā ← uru
- [noun]
- “wide; broad; great; uru [word]; much(a); excellent.”
- urucakṣasā ← cakṣasā ← cakṣas
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “eye; look; radiance.”
- narā ← nṛ
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
- rājānā ← rājan
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
- dīrghaśruttamā ← dīrgha
- [noun]
- “long; long; long; large; far; deep; dīrgha [word].”
- dīrghaśruttamā ← śruttamā ← śruttama
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- tā ← tad
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- bāhutā
- [adverb]
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- daṃsanā
- [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
- “wonder; power.”
- ratharyataḥ ← rathary
- [verb], dual, Present indikative
- “drive.”
- sākaṃ ← sākam
- [adverb]
- “together; jointly; simultaneously.”
- sūryasya ← sūrya
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
- raśmibhiḥ ← raśmi
- [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
- “beam; rein; sunbeam; shininess; cord.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
वर्षिष्ठक्षत्रौ अतिशयेन वृद्धबलौ उरुचक्षसा महादर्शनौ नरा नेतारौ कर्मणां राजाना दीप्यमानौ दीर्घश्रुत्तमा अतिशयेन विद्वांसौ ता तौ मित्रावरुणौ बाहुता न भुजाविव सूर्यस्य रश्मिभिः किरणैः साकं सह दंसना दंसनानि कर्माणि। ‘अप्नः’ दंसः ’ इति कर्मनाममु पाठात् । रथर्यतः प्राप्नुतः । यथा बाहू सह कर्म प्राप्नुतः तथा मित्रावरुणौ सह यज्ञं प्राप्नुत इत्यर्थः ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Those two leaders of rites, great in mite, far-seeing, resplendent, and most far-hearing, perform theirdeeds like two arms, by the help of the rays of the sun.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Like two arms: i.e., they obtain the sacrifice as the armsaccomplish an object
Jamison Brereton
The two possessing highest dominion and broad vision, superior men, kings of longest fame,
with their wondrous skill as if with their arm-strength they drive their chariot, together with the rays [/reins] of the sun.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The abstract bāhútā- ‘arm-ness’ or ‘collectivity of arms’ occurs twice in the RV (otherwise in I.41.2). I think it must refer to the quintessential qualify of arms, namely strength (see bāhv-òjas- ‘having the strength of arms, armstrong’). Here, in the simile I think the point is that Mitra and Varuṇa guide the chariot with their supernatural skill (daṃsánā) as if with physical arms, the tools that less exalted charioteers would use. The arms of the two gods are found in the next pragātha, 4d.
Griffith
Supreme in sovran power, far-sighted, Chiefs and Kings, most swift to hear from far away,
Both, wondrously, set them in motion as with arms, in company with Surya’s beams.
Geldner
Die die höchste Herrschaft haben, die weitblickenden Herren, die beiden Könige, die weitberühmtesten, die fahren mit Geschick gleichsam in ihren Armen mit den Strahlen der Sonne zusammen im Wagen.
Grassmann
Die beiden Männer weiten Blickes, höchster Macht, die weitberühmten Könige, Mit Wundermacht wie mit den Armen fahren sie der Sonne Zügel lenkend hin.
Elizarenkova
Два обладающих высшей властью далеко смотрящих мужа,
Два царя, самых далекопрославленных,
Они чудесным образом едут на колеснице, словно (действуя) руками,
Будто лучами солнца.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- मित्रावरुणौ
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- पङ्क्तिः
- पञ्चमः
03 प्र यो - गायत्री
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
प्र᳓ यो᳓ वाम् मित्रावरुणा
अजिरो᳓ दूतो᳓ अ᳓द्रवत्
अ᳓यःशीर्षा म᳓देरघुः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
प्र यो वां॑ मित्रावरुणाजि॒रो दू॒तो अद्र॑वत् ।
अयः॑शीर्षा॒ मदे॑रघुः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - मित्रावरुणौ
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - गायत्री
Thomson & Solcum
प्र᳓ यो᳓ वाम् मित्रावरुणा
अजिरो᳓ दूतो᳓ अ᳓द्रवत्
अ᳓यःशीर्षा म᳓देरघुः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
mitrāvaruṇā ← mitrā́váruṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}
prá ← prá (invariable)
vām ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:DU}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ádravat ← √dru- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}
ajiráḥ ← ajirá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
dūtáḥ ← dūtá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
áyaḥśīrṣā ← áyaḥśīrṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
máderaghuḥ ← máderaghu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
प्र । यः । वा॒म् । मि॒त्रा॒व॒रु॒णा॒ । अ॒जि॒रः । दू॒तः । अद्र॑वत् ।
अयः॑ऽशीर्षा । मदे॑ऽरघुः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- pra
- [adverb]
- “towards; ahead.”
- yo ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- vām ← tvad
- [noun], accusative, dual
- “you.”
- mitrāvaruṇājiro ← mitrāvaruṇā ← mitrāvaruṇa
- [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
- “Varuna; Mitra.”
- mitrāvaruṇājiro ← ajiraḥ ← ajira
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “fast; agile; ajira [word].”
- dūto ← dūtaḥ ← dūta
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “messenger; emissary; dūta [word].”
- adravat ← dru
- [verb], singular, Imperfect
- “liquefy; melt; melt; flee; run; run; vanish; run; rush; dissolve; dissolve.”
- ayaḥśīrṣā ← ayaḥ ← ayas
- [noun], neuter
- “iron; kāntaloha; ayas [word]; tīkṣṇaloha; metallic element; weapon.”
- ayaḥśīrṣā ← śīrṣā ← śīrṣan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “head; śīrṣan [word].”
- maderaghuḥ ← maderaghu
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे मित्रावरुणौ वां युवाम् अजिरः गमनशीलः यः यजमानः प्र अद्रवत् अभिगच्छति स देवानां दूतः भवति । अयःशीर्षा हिरण्यालंकृतशिरस्कश्च भवति । मदेरघुः मदकरे धने गन्ता च भवति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Mitra and Varuṇa, he who hastens to appear before you, becomes the messenger of the gods; hewears a metal helment, he exults in his wealth.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
A metal helmet: golden, ayas sīrṣā
Jamison Brereton
Who ran forth as your quick messenger, o Mitra and Varuṇa,
copper-headed, hasty in his exuberance,
Griffith
The rapid messenger who runs before you, Mitra-Varuna, with iron head, swift to the draught,
Geldner
Der flinke Bote, der euch vorauslief, Mitra und Varuna, der mit dem Eisenkopf, der toll dahineilende,
Grassmann
Der schnelle Bote, welcher euch voranlief, Mitra-Varuna, Mit eh’rnem Haupte lusterregt, der goldene, der Adler flieg’ zum Himmel auf.
Elizarenkova
(Тот) проворный вестник ваш,
О Митра-Варуна, который помчался вперед
С железной головой, безумно спешащий,
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- मित्रावरुणौ
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- गायत्री
- षड्जः
04 न यः - सतो बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
न᳓ यः᳓ सम्पृ᳓छे न᳓ पु᳓नर् ह᳓वीतवे
न᳓ संवादा᳓य र᳓मते
त᳓स्मान् नो अद्य᳓ स᳓मृतेर् उरुष्यतम्
बाहु᳓भ्यां न उरुष्यतम्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
न यः स॒म्पृच्छे॒ न पुन॒र्हवी॑तवे॒ न सं॑वा॒दाय॒ रम॑ते ।
तस्मा॑न्नो अ॒द्य समृ॑तेरुरुष्यतं बा॒हुभ्यां॑ न उरुष्यतम् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - मित्रावरुणौ
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
न᳓ यः᳓ सम्पृ᳓छे न᳓ पु᳓नर् ह᳓वीतवे
न᳓ संवादा᳓य र᳓मते
त᳓स्मान् नो अद्य᳓ स᳓मृतेर् उरुष्यतम्
बाहु᳓भ्यां न उरुष्यतम्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
hávītave ← √hū- (root)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
ná ← ná (invariable)
ná ← ná (invariable)
púnar ← púnar (invariable)
sampŕ̥che ← √praś- (root)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ná ← ná (invariable)
rámate ← √ram- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
saṁvādā́ya ← saṁvādá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
adyá ← adyá (invariable)
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
sámr̥teḥ ← sámr̥ti- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:M, number:SG}
tásmāt ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ABL, gender:M, number:SG}
uruṣyatam ← √uruṣy- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
bāhúbhyām ← bāhú- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:DU}
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
uruṣyatam ← √uruṣy- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
पद-पाठः
न । यः । स॒म्ऽपृच्छे॑ । न । पुनः॑ । हवी॑तवे । न । स॒म्ऽवा॒दाय॑ । रम॑ते ।
तस्मा॑त् । नः॒ । अ॒द्य । सम्ऽऋ॑तेः । उ॒रु॒ष्य॒त॒म् । बा॒हुऽभ्या॑म् । नः॒ । उ॒रु॒ष्य॒त॒म् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- saṃpṛcche ← sampracch ← √pracch
- [verb noun]
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- punar
- [adverb]
- “again; further; now; over and over; subsequently; repeatedly; however; besides.”
- havītave ← hvā
- [verb noun]
- “raise; call on; call; summon.”
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- saṃvādāya ← saṃvāda
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “dialogue; talk; accord; colloquy; colloquy; conversation; news; information.”
- ramate ← ram
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “delight; rejoice; love; frolic; desire; give; calm; break.”
- tasmān ← tasmāt ← tad
- [noun], ablative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- no ← naḥ ← mad
- [noun], accusative, plural
- “I; mine.”
- adya
- [adverb]
- “now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”
- samṛter ← samṛteḥ ← samṛti
- [noun], ablative, singular, feminine
- “battle; contact.”
- uruṣyatam ← uruṣy
- [verb], dual, Present imperative
- “protect; help.”
- bāhubhyāṃ ← bāhubhyām ← bāhu
- [noun], instrumental, dual, masculine
- “arm; bāhu [word]; elbow; forefoot.”
- na ← naḥ ← mad
- [noun], accusative, plural
- “I; mine.”
- uruṣyatam ← uruṣy
- [verb], dual, Present imperative
- “protect; help.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
यः शत्रुः संपृच्छे संप्रश्नाय न रमते न क्रीडते न च पुनःपुनः हवीतवे हवनाय रमते न च संवादाय रमते तस्मात् शत्रोः समृतेः संग्रामात् नः अस्मान् अद्य उरुष्यतं हे मित्रावरुणौ युवां रक्षतम् । किंच तस्य शत्रोः बाहुभ्यां नः अस्मान् उरुष्यतं रक्षतम् ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“He who has no plural asure in questioning, nor in repeated calling nor in dialogue– defend us today fromhim and from his encounter, defend us from his arms.”
Jamison Brereton
Who does not come to rest to negotiate, nor to be called back, nor to come to agreement—
from collision with that one deliver us today, deliver us with your two arms.
Jamison Brereton Notes
I take tásmāt as referring to the unnamed weapon, coreferential with yáḥ in the rel. cl., and ascribe its ablative form to case attraction to infinitival sámṛteḥ.
The weapon is probably the śáru- ‘arrow’ associated with the Ādityas in VIII.18.11, 67.15, 20, as Geldner notes. It might therefore have been better to tr. yáḥ in pāda a as ‘which one’ not the animatized ‘who’.
Griffith
He whom no man may question, none may summon back, who stands not still for colloquy,-
From hostile clash with him keep ye us safe this day: keep us in safety with your arms.
Geldner
Der nicht still hält zum Unterhandeln noch zum Zurückrufen noch zur Unterredung, vor dessen Zusammenstoß bewahret uns heute, bewahret uns mit den Armen!
Grassmann
Der nicht begrüssen, nicht zurück sich rufen lässt, und nicht sich am Gespräch ergötzt, Vor dem bewahrt uns, vor dem Angriff schützt uns heut, mit euren Armen schützet uns.
Elizarenkova
Который не останавливается ни для приветствия,
Ни чтоб (его) отозвали назад, ни для разговора, –
Спасите нас сегодня от столкновения с ним,
(Своими) руками нас спасите!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- मित्रावरुणौ
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- पङ्क्तिः
- पञ्चमः
05 प्र मित्राय - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
प्र᳓ मित्रा᳓य प्र᳓ अर्यम्णे᳓
सचथि᳓यम् ऋतावसो
वरूथि᳓यं व᳓रुणे छ᳓न्दियं व᳓च
स्तोत्रं᳓ रा᳓जसु गायत
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
प्र मि॒त्राय॒ प्रार्य॒म्णे स॑च॒थ्य॑मृतावसो ।
व॒रू॒थ्यं१॒॑ वरु॑णे॒ छन्द्यं॒ वचः॑ स्तो॒त्रं राज॑सु गायत ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - मित्रावरुणौ;मित्रावरुणौ~आदित्याः
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
प्र᳓ मित्रा᳓य प्र᳓ अर्यम्णे᳓
सचथि᳓यम् ऋतावसो
वरूथि᳓यं व᳓रुणे छ᳓न्दियं व᳓च
स्तोत्रं᳓ रा᳓जसु गायत
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
aryamṇé ← áryaman- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
mitrā́ya ← mitrá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
prá ← prá (invariable)
prá ← prá (invariable)
r̥tāvaso ← r̥tāvasu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
sacathyàm ← sacathyà- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
chándyam ← chándya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
vácaḥ ← vácas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
váruṇe ← váruṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}
varūthyàm ← varūthyà- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
gāyata ← √gā(y)- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
rā́jasu ← rā́jan- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}
stotrám ← stotrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
प्र । मि॒त्राय॑ । प्र । अ॒र्य॒म्णे । स॒च॒थ्य॑म् । ऋ॒त॒व॒सो॒ इत्यृ॑तऽवसो ।
व॒रू॒थ्य॑म् । वरु॑णे । छन्द्य॑म् । वचः॑ । स्तो॒त्रम् । राज॑ऽसु । गा॒य॒त॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- pra
- [adverb]
- “towards; ahead.”
- mitrāya ← mitra
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
- prāryamṇe ← pra
- [adverb]
- “towards; ahead.”
- prāryamṇe ← aryamṇe ← aryaman
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “Aryaman; aryaman [word]; sun.”
- sacathyam ← sacathya
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- ṛtāvaso ← ṛtāvasu
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Ṛtāvasu.”
- varūthyaṃ ← varūthyam ← varūthya
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “protecting.”
- varuṇe ← varuṇa
- [noun], locative, singular, masculine
- “Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
- chandyaṃ ← chandyam ← chandya
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- vaca ← vacaḥ ← vacas
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “statement; command; speech; words; advice; word; voice.”
- stotraṃ ← stotram ← stotra
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “hymn; praise.”
- rājasu ← rājan
- [noun], locative, plural, masculine
- “king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
- gāyata ← gā
- [verb], plural, Present imperative
- “sing; praise; jap; recite; describe.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे ऋतवसो यज्ञधन मित्राय सचथ्यं सेवार्हं वरूथ्यं यज्ञगृहे भवं च स्तोत्रं प्र गायत प्रकर्षेण गायत। अर्यम्णे च प्र गायत। वरुणे छन्द्यं प्रीणनसाधनं चैतादृशं वचः प्र गायत । प्रगायतेति बहुवचनं पूजार्थम् । एतदेव दर्शयति । राजसु मित्रादिषु राजसु स्तोत्रं गायत पठत । मित्रादींस्त्रीन्राज्ञः स्तुतेति समुदायार्थः ॥ ॥ ६ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“O you rich in offerings, sing to Mitra, sing to Aryaman, a reverential hymn produced in the sacrificialchamber; sing a propitiating address to Varuṇa; sing a hymn of praise to the kings.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Produced in the sacrificialchamber: varūthyam = yajñagṛhe bhavam
Jamison Brereton
(Sing) forth for Mitra, forth for Aryaman, o you rich in truth, a speech, a companionable, pleasurable, protective praise song—sing to Varuṇa, to the kings.
Jamison Brereton Notes
This verse contains two minor disharmonies: 1) the recipients of the praise song are in the dat. in pāda a (mitrā́ya … aryamṇé) but the loc. in cd (váruṇe … rā́jasu); 2) the verb is 2nd plural (prá … gāyata) but paired with a vocative in the singular, the hapax ṛtāvasaḥ. Geldner separates the vs. into abc and d, supplying a verb (“(trage) … vor”) with the former. This solves the number problem, by isolating the plural verb in a separate clause, but not the case problem. Moreover, since the hymn is composed in pragāthas, I would prefer to construe the doubled prá in a with the impv. gāyata in d, for a meta-pun on the name of the verse pairing. Chopping the verse into two clauses is not appealing, particularly since it only addresses one of the disharmonies, in my opinion the lesser one.
As for ṛtāvaso, Renou suggests that ṛtāvasu [sic] is a simple variant of ṛtā́van- (or, better formulated, voc. ṛtāvaso is a simple variant of voc. ṛtāvaḥ (/-vo) to the stem ṛtā́van-). This seems somewhat convincing. As a 2nd member of bahuvrīhis of the shape X-vasu-, the noun vásu- can become semantically bleached, from ‘having X as goods’ to ‘rich in X’ and even further to just ‘having X’. Cf. the pair vibhā́van- / vibhā́vasu-. The Vedic voc. in -vas to -van-stems makes the singular vocatives even more similar; to the just-cited pair, compare vibhāvo [before vd. sounds] and vibhāvaso, with the latter offering a convenient way to generate a Jagatī/iambic cadence from a Triṣṭubh. This does not solve our number problem, however; it is unfortunately altogether too artificial to suggest that a singular vocative to the -vanstem, ṛtāvaḥ (←-vas), was reinterpreted as belonging to a real s-stem and a plural voc. in *-vasas (/-vaso) was built to it. The existence of clearly singular vibhā-vaso (4x) beside singular vibhāvo (1x) shows that the morphology was still intact. I would point out, however, that there is no way to produce a plural voc. to either the -vanstem or the -vasu- stem that will fit in a cadence, either Triṣṭubh or Jagatī: ṛtāvānaḥ and ṛtāvasavaḥ are both out. It is therefore possible that the hapax ṛtāvaso was a quick-and-dirty fix for the metrical problem. Or else it represents the not rare situation of a poet addressing himself in the singular but his fellow singers in the plural. I would also point out that vásu occurs pāda-final in the next verse (6a) and du.
voc. vājinīvasū pāda-final in 8b. Geldner, by the way, tr. ṛtāvaso as a PN (though allowing for the lexical value in his n.); this doesn’t help one way or the other and can, I think, be dismissed.
I do not understand the change in case from dat. to loc. either. The verb √gā (+/- prá) elsewhere takes only dat., never loc., as far as I know. It might be possible to take the locatives as functionally different from the datives – “chez or bei Varuṇa (and) the kings.” But since Mitra, Varuṇa, and Aryaman are an almost inseparable trio and Mitra and Aryaman are in the dative in pāda a, it is highly unlikely that Varuṇa would be functionally separate from them in this verse. And it is insulting to the grammatical knowledge of our poet even to suggest that váruṇe owes its ending to a superficial matching with aryamṇé two pādas before, particularly since rā́jasu with a non-rhyming loc. ending follows soon after. I think the poet changed cases just because he thought he could and craved a bit of novelty. For another tricky problem of case, see 8ab below.
Griffith
To Aryaman and Mitra sing a reverent song, O pious one,
A pleasant hymn that shall protect to Varuna: sing forth a laud unto the Kings.
Geldner
Auf Mitra, auf Aryaman trage eine freundschaftliche, auf Varuna eine schützende, wohlgefällige Rede vor, o Ritavasu! Singet auf die Könige ein Preislied!
Grassmann
Auf, sing dem Mitra, Arjaman ein freundlich Lied, andächtiger; Ein schirmendes, ein preisendes dem Varuna, auf, singet Lob den Königen.
Elizarenkova
Про(изнеси) для Митры, для Арьямана
Подобающую (речь), о праведный,
Охраняющую (и) нравящуюся речь – Варуне!
Пропойте царям хвалу!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- मित्रावरुणौ, आदित्याः
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- स्वरडार्चीबृहती
- मध्यमः
06 ते हिन्विरे - सतो बृहती
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ते᳓ हिन्विरे अरुणं᳓ जे᳓नियं व᳓सु
ए᳓कम् पुत्रं᳓ तिसॄणा᳐᳓म्
ते᳓ धा᳓मानि अमृ᳓ता म᳓र्तियाना᳐म्
अ᳓दब्धा अभि᳓ चक्षते
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
ते हि॑न्विरे अरु॒णं जेन्यं॒ वस्वेकं॑ पु॒त्रं ति॑सॄ॒णाम् ।
ते धामा॑न्य॒मृता॒ मर्त्या॑ना॒मद॑ब्धा अ॒भि च॑क्षते ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - आदित्याः
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
ते᳓ हिन्विरे अरुणं᳓ जे᳓नियं व᳓सु
ए᳓कम् पुत्रं᳓ तिसॄणा᳐᳓म्
ते᳓ धा᳓मानि अमृ᳓ता म᳓र्तियाना᳐म्
अ᳓दब्धा अभि᳓ चक्षते
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
aruṇám ← aruṇá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}
hinvire ← √hi- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
jényam ← jénya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
té ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
vásu ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}
ékam ← éka- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
putrám ← putrá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
tisr̥̄ṇā́m ← trí- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:F, number:PL}
amŕ̥tāḥ ← amŕ̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
dhā́māni ← dhā́man- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
mártyānām ← mártya- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}
té ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
abhí ← abhí (invariable)
ádabdhāḥ ← ádabdha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
cakṣate ← √cakṣ- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
पद-पाठः
ते । हि॒न्वि॒रे॒ । अ॒रु॒णम् । जेन्य॑म् । वसु॑ । एक॑म् । पु॒त्रम् । ति॒सॄ॒णाम् ।
ते । धामा॑नि । अ॒मृताः॑ । मर्त्या॑नाम् । अद॑ब्धाः । अ॒भि । च॒क्ष॒ते॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- te ← tad
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- hinvire ← hi
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”
- aruṇaṃ ← aruṇam ← aruṇa
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “red; tawny; dusty; gray.”
- jenyaṃ ← jenyam ← jenya
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “noble.”
- vasv ← vasu
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
- ekam ← eka
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
- putraṃ ← putram ← putra
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”
- tisṝṇām ← tri
- [noun], genitive, plural, feminine
- “three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
- te ← tad
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- dhāmāny ← dhāmāni ← dhāman
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “domain; dwelling; law; appearance; light; race; agreement; color; location.”
- amṛtā ← amṛta
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”
- martyānām ← martya
- [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
- “man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”
- adabdhā ← adabdha
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “unfailing; unimpaired.”
- abhi
- [adverb]
- “towards; on.”
- cakṣate ← cakṣ
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “watch; look.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
अरुणम् अरुणवर्णं जेन्यं जयसाधनं वसु वासकं तिसॄणां पृथिव्यादीनाम् एकं पुत्रं ते देवाः हिन्विरे प्रेरयन्ति त्रैलोक्यस्य तमोनिवारणाय । किंच अदब्धाः केनाप्यहिँसिताः अमृताः मरणरहिताः ते देवाः मर्त्यानां मनुष्याणां धामानि स्थानानि अभि चक्षते अभिपश्यन्ति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“It was these who sent the red victory-giving Vasu, the one son of the three (worlds); they, the invincible,the immortal, overlook the abodes of men.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Victory-giving: jenya, vasu: jetavya, what is to be conquered or won;cf. RV 2.5.1; 7.74.3;
Jenyam = jayasādhanam;
Vasu: vāsakam, the Sun as one of the Vasus; they send him forthe dispelling of the darkness of the three worlds;
Vasu = wealth, i.e. gold: it was these who sent the red goldvictory-giving; or, the reward of victory
Jamison Brereton
They rouse their own ruddy, noble treasure, the single son of the three (mothers) [=Agni].
They, undeceivable, watch over the immortal foundations for mortals.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The identity of the three mothers of Agni, the likely referent of the acc. phrases in ab, isn’t clear. Geldner suggests the three Opfergöttinen (Iḍā, Sarasvatī, Bharatī) of the Āprī hymns. Agni is called trimātár- in III.56.5, but the three are not identified there either. Since our vs. is the 2nd vs. in a pragātha whose 1st vs. concerns the Ādityas, esp. Varuṇa, Mitra, and Aryaman, I am inclined to think that these three male deities have been slotted into the “three mothers” role just here because of the coincidence of the numbers.
The Pp reads masc. nom. pl. amṛ́tāḥ in c, and Geldner so tr. (“Die unbetörten Unsterblichen beobachten das Tun der Sterblichen”). Against the Pp I take it as neut.
pl. amṛ́tā; the sandhi situation allows either, of course. Geldner’s tr. assumes that the dhā́māni belong to mortals, but wherever it’s possible to tell, dhā́man- is something belonging to gods. Cf. also III.55.10 dhā́māni amṛ́tā.
Griffith
The true, Red Treasure they have sent, one only Son born of the Three.
They, the Immortal Ones, never deceived, survey the families of mortal men.
Geldner
Diese treiben den rötlichen häuslichen Schatz, den einen Sohn der drei Mütter zur Eile an. Die unbetörbaren Unsterblichen beobachten das Tun der Sterblichen.
Grassmann
Sie sandten glänzend edles Gut, ihn, dreier Mütter einz’gen Sohn, Es schauen die Unsterblichen der Sterblichen stets unversehrte Sitze an.
Elizarenkova
Они поторапливают алое взлелеянное сокровище,
Одного сына трех (матерей).
Эти бессмертные, лишенные обмана,
Взирают на поступки смертных.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- आदित्याः
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- विराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
07 आ मे - बृहती
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आ᳓ मे व᳓चांसि उ᳓द्यता
द्युम᳓त्तमानि क᳓र्तुवा
उभा᳓ यातं नासतिया सजो᳓षसा
प्र᳓ति हव्या᳓नि वीत᳓ये
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
आ मे॒ वचां॒स्युद्य॑ता द्यु॒मत्त॑मानि॒ कर्त्वा॑ ।
उ॒भा या॑तं नासत्या स॒जोष॑सा॒ प्रति॑ ह॒व्यानि॑ वी॒तये॑ ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - अश्विनौ
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
आ᳓ मे व᳓चांसि उ᳓द्यता
द्युम᳓त्तमानि क᳓र्तुवा
उभा᳓ यातं नासतिया सजो᳓षसा
प्र᳓ति हव्या᳓नि वीत᳓ये
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
me ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
údyatā ← √yam- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}
vácāṁsi ← vácas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
dyumáttamāni ← dyumáttama- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
kártvā ← kártva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
nāsatyā ← nā́satya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}
sajóṣasā ← sajóṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
ubhā́ ← ubhá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
yātam ← √yā- 1 (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
havyā́ni ← havyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
práti ← práti (invariable)
vītáye ← vītí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
आ । मे॒ । वचां॑सि । उत्ऽय॑ता । द्यु॒मत्ऽत॑मानि । कर्त्वा॑ ।
उ॒भा । या॒त॒म् । ना॒स॒त्या॒ । स॒ऽजोष॑सा । प्रति॑ । ह॒व्यानि॑ । वी॒तये॑ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- me ← mad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “I; mine.”
- vacāṃsy ← vacāṃsi ← vacas
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “statement; command; speech; words; advice; word; voice.”
- udyatā ← udyam ← √yam
- [verb noun], accusative, plural
- “raise; prepare; begin; endeavor; specialize.”
- dyumattamāni ← dyumattama
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- kartvā ← kṛ
- [verb noun], accusative, plural
- “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
- ubhā ← ubh
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “both(a).”
- yātaṃ ← yātam ← yā
- [verb], dual, Present imperative
- “go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
- nāsatyā ← nāsatya
- [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
- “Asvins; nāsatya [word].”
- sajoṣasā ← sajoṣas
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”
- prati
- [adverb]
- “towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”
- havyāni ← havya
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “Havya; offering; havya [word].”
- vītaye ← vīti
- [noun], dative, singular, feminine
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे नासत्या नासत्यौ सत्यस्य प्रणेतारौ सजोषसा संगतौ उभा उभौ युवां मे जमदग्नेर्मम उद्यता उद्यतानि द्युमत्तमानि दीप्ततमानि वचांसि स्तोत्ररूपाणि वाक्यानि कर्त्वा कर्माणि च आ यातम् । किंच हव्यानि हवींषि वीतये भक्षणाय प्रति गच्छतम् ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“O associated Nāsatyās, come both of you to my uplifted glorious praises and my rites, come topartake of my offering.”
Jamison Brereton
(Drive) here to my upraised speeches, the most brilliant ones that are to be performed—
drive, Nāsatyas, both of one accord, to make tracks toward the
oblations.
Griffith
My songs are lifted up, and acts most splendid are to be performed.
Come hither, ye Nasatyas, with accordant mind, to meet and to enjoy my gifts.
Geldner
Zu meinen dargebrachten Reden, zu den glänzendsten Opferleistungen kommet, ihr beiden Nasatya´s, einmütig her, um die Opfergaben gern entgegenzunehmen!
Grassmann
Zu Liedern, die ich dargereicht, zu schönsten, die ich dichten will, Kommt beide her vereinigt, o Wahrhaftige, und zu den Opfern zum Genuss.
Elizarenkova
К моим вознесенным речам,
К самым блистательным свершениям,
О Насатьи, приезжайте вы оба, единодушные,
Чтобы принять жертвенные дары!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- अश्विनौ
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- विराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
08 रातिं यद्वामरक्षसम् - सतो बृहती
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रातिं᳓ य᳓द् वाम् अरक्ष᳓सं ह᳓वामहे
युवा᳓भ्यां वाजिनीवसू
प्रा᳓चीं हो᳓त्राम् प्रतिर᳓न्ताव् इतं नरा
गृणाना᳓ जम᳓दग्निना
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
रा॒तिं यद्वा॑मर॒क्षसं॒ हवा॑महे यु॒वाभ्यां॑ वाजिनीवसू ।
प्राचीं॒ होत्रां॑ प्रति॒रन्ता॑वितं नरा गृणा॒ना ज॒मद॑ग्निना ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - अश्विनौ
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
रातिं᳓ य᳓द् वाम् अरक्ष᳓सं ह᳓वामहे
युवा᳓भ्यां वाजिनीवसू
प्रा᳓चीं हो᳓त्राम् प्रतिर᳓न्ताव् इतं नरा
गृणाना᳓ जम᳓दग्निना
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
Morph
arakṣásam ← arakṣás- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
hávāmahe ← √hū- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
rātím ← rātí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
vām ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:DU}
yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
vājinīvasū ← vājínīvasu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}
yuvā́bhyām ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:INS, number:DU}
hótrām ← hótrā- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
itam ← √i- 1 (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
narā ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}
prā́cīm ← prā́ñc- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
pratirántau ← √tr̥̄- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
gr̥ṇānā́ ← √gr̥̄- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
jamádagninā ← jamádagni- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
रा॒तिम् । यत् । वा॒म् । अ॒र॒क्षस॑म् । हवा॑महे । यु॒वाभ्या॑म् । वा॒जि॒नी॒व॒सू॒ इति॑ वाजिनीऽवसू ।
प्राची॑म् । होत्रा॑म् । प्र॒ऽति॒रन्तौ॑ । इ॒त॒म् । न॒रा॒ । गृ॒णा॒ना । ज॒मत्ऽअ॑ग्निना ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- rātiṃ ← rātim ← rāti
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “gift; bounty; favor.”
- yad ← yat
- [adverb]
- “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
- vām ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, dual
- “you.”
- arakṣasaṃ ← arakṣasam ← arakṣas
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “harmless.”
- havāmahe ← hvā
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “raise; call on; call; summon.”
- yuvābhyāṃ ← yuvābhyām ← tvad
- [noun], dative, dual
- “you.”
- vājinīvasū ← vājinīvasu
- [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
- prācīṃ ← prācīm ← prāñc
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “eastern; aforesaid(a); former(a); eastbound; easterly; anterior; forward; prāñc [word].”
- hotrām ← hotrā
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “hotrā [word]; Hautra.”
- pratirantāv ← pratirantau ← pratṛ ← √tṛ
- [verb noun], nominative, dual
- “traverse; prolong.”
- itaṃ ← itam ← i
- [verb], dual, Present imperative
- “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
- narā ← nṛ
- [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
- “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
- gṛṇānā ← gṛ
- [verb noun], nominative, dual
- “praise.”
- jamadagninā ← jamadagni
- [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
- “Jamadagni.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे वाजिनीवसू अन्नधनावश्विनौ वां युवयोः संबन्धि यत् अरक्षसं रक्षोवर्जितं दानमस्ति तत् यदा हवामहे । एतदेव विशदयति । युवाभ्यां क्रियमाणां रातिं दानं हवामहे इति । तदानीं प्राचीं प्राङ्मुखां होत्रां स्तुतिं प्रतिरन्तौ वर्धयन्तौ नरा नेतारौ जमदग्निना ऋषिणा गृणानौ स्तूयमानौ च सन्तौ इतम् आगच्छतम् ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Deities rich in food, when we solicit your bounty, that (wealth) which demons cannot thwart– then,helping our praise directed to the east, come, leaders of rites, worshipped by Jamadagni.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Helping: inspiring; cf.RV 4.6.1
Jamison Brereton
When we call to you for your giving without animus, you two rich in prize mares,
come, advancing the advancing ritual offering, you superior men, as you are sung by Jamadagni.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The apparent doubling of the du. pronouns vām … yuvā́bhyām is complicated by the fact that at least the second one violates the usual case frame of the verb. Pāda a contains the verb hávāmahe and an undoubted acc. obj., the inanimate rātím ‘giving’, as well as an animate pronoun vām, which could be acc., gen., or dat. This 2nd du enclitic is matched by tonic 2nd du yuvā́bhyām in pāda b, which can be instr. or dat. (Note in passing that Macdonell [VGS, p. 105; VG p. 300] only allows instr. for this form, but there is at least one undoubted dat. example elsewhere, I.109.4, as well as several of nearly identical yuvábhyām. Cf. AiG III.464, which points out that the older instr. form was yuvā́, which is preserved in cmpds like yuvā́-datta.) The only case intersection between vām and yuvā́bhyām is dative, but there is no standard case-frame idiom with √hvā with the structure “call for (s.o. dat.) for (s.th. acc).” Grassmann classifies the passage under his no. 8, “etwas [A] erbitten,” thus eliding the pronoun(s) entirely under this rubric, though in the lemma he cites it as rātím vām, including the enclitic but not the more intractable tonic form. Geldner takes vām as gen., and declares in his n. 8ab that yuvā́bhyām is also “in Sinn des Gen.,” which would be convenient but is remarkably cavalier about morphology. A further complication is that pāda b is a repeated pāda (=VIII.5.3 – not registered in Bloomfield’s Rig-Veda Repetitions). The case value of yuvā́bhyām in VIII.5.3 isn’t entirely clear, but the context is probably compatible with a dative, but not with either instr. or gen. – an acc. might be the best.
I confess I don’t entirely know what to make of this. There are no standard uses of √hvā that take a personal dative, though inanimate datives abound. I am inclined to take pāda a as containing a double acc. (with vām in acc. function): “call you two for giving.” The yuvā́bhyām in the next pāda could be the result of repeating this short pāda from elsewhere without integrating it into the syntactic frame of the rest, or show the case variation (what we might call “case creep”) observed also in vs. 5, with the poet inventing an idiom “call for s.o. (dat.)” based on other verbs of speaking, like √vac, which can take either acc. or dat. of the addressee. Another slight oddity in the first pāda is the characterization of the gods’ giving as arakṣás- ‘undemonic’. I have softened this somewhat to ‘without animus’; Geldner tr. ‘ohne Falsch’, which seems more distant from the literal sense of the stem.
Griffith
Lords of great wealth, when we invoke your bounty which no demon checks,
Both of you, furthering our eastward-offcred praise, come, Chiefs whom Jamadagni lauds!
Geldner
Da wir eure ohne Falsch gereichte Gabe anrufen, ihr Lohnreichen, so kommet der vorwärtsgehenden Opfergabe das Geleit gebend, ihr Herren, von Jamadagni gepriesen!
Grassmann
Wenn eure holde Spende wir erflehen uns von euch, o gabenreiche ihr, So kommt, o Männer, führt zum Ziele unsern Ruf, von Dschamadagni angefleht.
Elizarenkova
Когда мы зовем ваш надежный дар
У вас, о богатые наградой,
Приезжайте, о два мужа, отправляясь за устремленной вперед жертвой,
Восхваленные Джамадагни!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- अश्विनौ
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- पङ्क्तिः
- पञ्चमः
09 आ नो - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
आ᳓ नो यज्ञं᳓ दिविस्पृ᳓शं
वा᳓यो याहि᳓ सुम᳓न्मभिः
अन्तः᳓ पवि᳓त्र उप᳓रि श्रिणानो᳓°
अयं᳓ शुक्रो᳓ अयामि ते
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
आ नो॑ य॒ज्ञं दि॑वि॒स्पृशं॒ वायो॑ या॒हि सु॒मन्म॑भिः ।
अ॒न्तः प॒वित्र॑ उ॒परि॑ श्रीणा॒नो॒३॒॑ऽयं शु॒क्रो अ॑यामि ते ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - वायुः
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
आ᳓ नो यज्ञं᳓ दिविस्पृ᳓शं
वा᳓यो याहि᳓ सुम᳓न्मभिः
अन्तः᳓ पवि᳓त्र उप᳓रि श्रिणानो᳓°
अयं᳓ शुक्रो᳓ अयामि ते
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
divispŕ̥śam ← divispŕ̥ś- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
yajñám ← yajñá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
sumánmabhiḥ ← sumánman- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
vā́yo ← vāyú- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
yāhí ← √yā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
antár ← antár (invariable)
pavítre ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}
śrīṇānáḥ ← √śrī- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
upári ← upári (invariable)
ayám ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ayāmi ← √yam- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:PASS}
śukráḥ ← śukrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
आ । नः॒ । य॒ज्ञम् । दि॒वि॒ऽस्पृश॑म् । वायो॒ इति॑ । या॒हि । सु॒मन्म॑ऽभिः ।
अ॒न्तरिति॑ । प॒वित्रे॑ । उ॒परि॑ । श्री॒णा॒नः । अ॒यम् । शु॒क्रः । अ॒या॒मि॒ । ते॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- no ← naḥ ← mad
- [noun], genitive, plural
- “I; mine.”
- yajñaṃ ← yajñam ← yajña
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
- divispṛśaṃ ← divispṛśam ← divispṛś
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “heavenward.”
- vāyo ← vāyu
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “wind; Vayu; vāta; prāṇa (coll.); air; air; fart; breath; northwest; draft; vāyu [word]; Vāyu; Marut.”
- yāhi ← yā
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
- sumanmabhiḥ ← su
- [adverb]
- “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
- sumanmabhiḥ ← manmabhiḥ ← manman
- [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
- “hymn; idea; purpose.”
- antaḥ ← antar
- [adverb]
- “inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”
- pavitra ← pavitraḥ ← pavitra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “purifying; purgatorial; clean.”
- upari
- [adverb]
- “above; up; additionally; upari [word]; subsequently.”
- śrīṇāno ← śrīṇānaḥ ← śrī
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “cook; boil; heat; cook; mix.”
- ‘yaṃ ← ayam ← idam
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
- śukro ← śukraḥ ← śukra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bright; clear; white; light; pure.”
- ayāmi ← yam
- [verb], singular, Aorist passive
- “concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], dative, singular
- “you.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे वायो त्वं नः अस्माकं दिविस्पृशं तं यज्ञम् आ याहि । किमर्थमागमनमित्यत्राह । सुमन्मभिः सुष्टुतिभिः अन्तः पवित्रे पवित्रस्य मध्ये उपरि श्रीणानः श्रयमाणो निषिच्यमानः अयं शुक्रः सोमः ते तुभ्यम् अयामि नियत आसीदिति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Come, Vāyu, to our heaven-reaching sacrifice with its beautiful hymns of praise, this bright Soma hasbeen kept for you, poured out upon the middle of the straining cloth.”
Jamison Brereton
Drive here to our sacrifice that touches heaven, Vāyu, with the well-disposed (gods).
(The one soma drink) within the sieve above is being mixed; this pure (soma) here has been held out to you.
Jamison Brereton Notes
With Grassmann I take sumánmabhiḥ as a bahuvrīhi, contra Geldner’s karmadhāraya “mit guten Gedanken” (though he allows the other alternative in n. 9b). This stem is attested in the nom. sg. masc. in VII.68.9 and therefore must be a bahuvrīhi, since mánman- is neut., and the parallel durmánas- (2x) is found only in the masc. and so must be a bahuvrīhi as well.
Against Geldner, I take the second hemistich as referring to two different soma drinks, the one mixed with milk in c, the pure one in d. The offering of two types of soma is made clear in 10cd; note esp. the ‘both’ of c, ubháyasya naḥ piba “drink of both of ours,” which is immediately followed by the definitional d, śúciṃ [matching śukráḥ in our 9d] sómaṃ gávāśiram [matching śrīṇānáḥ in our 9c] “the pure soma (and) the one mixed with milk.” In 9c the present participle śrīṇānáḥ “is being mixed” (my italics) makes it clear that it is not yet ready to be offered, whereas the pure soma (in d) has just that moment been offered, as the passive aor. ayāmi indicates.
This reflects the ritual procedure whereby Vāyu is first offered pure soma.
Assuming that my separation of c and d is correct, this adds another ex. of a predicated non-past participle to the dossier.
Note the phonetic figure ayám … ayāmi.
Griffith
Come, Vayu, drawn by fair hymns, to our sacrifice that reaches heaven.
Poured on the middle of the strainingcloth, and cooked, this bright drink hath been offered ilice.
Geldner
Zu unserem gen Himmel dringenden Opfer komm, Vayu, mit guten Gedanken! Der in der Seihe geläuterte, darüber mit Milch gemischte Soma, dieser Klare ist dir gereicht.
Grassmann
Zum Opfer, das zum Himmel dringt, o Vāju mit den Weisen komm; Im Sieb geklärt, begossen mit der warmen Milch, ward dieser helle dir gereicht.
Elizarenkova
На нашу жертву, касающуюся неба,
Приди, о Ваю, с добрыми мыслями!
В цедилке, украшенный сверху (молоком)
Этот светлый (сок) вручен тебе.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- वायु:
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- विराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
10 वेत्यध्वर्युः पथिभी - सतो बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
वे᳓ति अध्वर्युः᳓ पथि᳓भी र᳓जिष्ठैः
प्र᳓ति हव्या᳓नि वीत᳓ये
अ᳓धा नियुत्व उभ᳓यस्य नः पिब
शु᳓चिं सो᳓मं ग᳓वाशिरम्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
वेत्य॑ध्व॒र्युः प॒थिभी॒ रजि॑ष्ठैः॒ प्रति॑ ह॒व्यानि॑ वी॒तये॑ ।
अधा॑ नियुत्व उ॒भय॑स्य नः पिब॒ शुचिं॒ सोमं॒ गवा॑शिरम् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - वायुः
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
वे᳓ति अध्वर्युः᳓ पथि᳓भी र᳓जिष्ठैः
प्र᳓ति हव्या᳓नि वीत᳓ये
अ᳓धा नियुत्व उभ᳓यस्य नः पिब
शु᳓चिं सो᳓मं ग᳓वाशिरम्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
genre M
genre M
Morph
adhvaryúḥ ← adhvaryú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
pathíbhiḥ ← pánthā- ~ path- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
rájiṣṭhaiḥ ← rájiṣṭha- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
véti ← √vī- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
havyā́ni ← havyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
práti ← práti (invariable)
vītáye ← vītí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}
ádha ← ádha (invariable)
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
niyutvaḥ ← niyútvant- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
piba ← √pā- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
ubháyasya ← ubháya- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
gávāśiram ← gávāśir- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
sómam ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
śúcim ← śúci- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
वेति॑ । अ॒ध्व॒र्युः । प॒थिऽभिः॑ । रजि॑ष्ठैः । प्रति॑ । ह॒व्यानि॑ । वी॒तये॑ ।
अध॑ । नि॒यु॒त्वः॒ । उ॒भय॑स्य । नः॒ । पि॒ब॒ । शुचि॑म् । सोम॑म् । गोऽआ॑शिरम् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- vety ← veti ← vī
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “approach; ask; desire; go; drive.”
- adhvaryuḥ ← adhvaryu
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Adhvaryu; adhvaryu [word]; Yajur-Veda.”
- pathibhī ← pathibhiḥ ← pathin
- [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
- “way; road; path [word]; journey; method.”
- rajiṣṭhaiḥ ← rajiṣṭha
- [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
- “honest.”
- prati
- [adverb]
- “towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”
- havyāni ← havya
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “Havya; offering; havya [word].”
- vītaye ← vīti
- [noun], dative, singular, feminine
- adhā ← adha
- [adverb]
- “then; and; therefore; now.”
- niyutva ← niyutvas ← niyutvat
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- ubhayasya ← ubhaya
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “both(a).”
- naḥ ← mad
- [noun], genitive, plural
- “I; mine.”
- piba ← pā
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”
- śuciṃ ← śucim ← śuci
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “clean; clean; pure; bright; clear; honest; śuci [word]; clear; impeccant.”
- somaṃ ← somam ← soma
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
- gavāśiram ← gavāśir
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे नियुत्वः नियुत्संज्ञकाश्ववन् वायो अध्वर्युः हविर्धानात् रजिष्ठैः ऋजुतमैः पथिभिः मार्गैः वेति गच्छति । वीतये भक्षणाय तव भक्षणानि हव्यानि हवींषि च प्रति नयतीति शेषः । अध अथ नः अस्माकं संबन्धिनम् उभयस्य उभयविधं सोमम् । कर्मणि षष्ठी। पिब । उभयविधत्वं दर्शयति । शुचिं शुद्धं सोमं गवाशिरं गव्येन पयसा मिश्रितं चेति ॥ ॥ ७ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“The ministrant priest comes by the straighter paths, he brings the oblations for your enjoyment; thenlord of the Niyut steeds, drink of both kinds, the Soma pure and that mixed with milk.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Priest comes: i.e., from thehavirdhāna, a cart for the Soma
Jamison Brereton
The Adhvaryu pursues (you) along the straightest paths, (for you) to receive the oblations.
Then, teamster, drink of both of ours—the pure soma and the one mixed with milk.
Griffith
He comes by straightest paths, as ministering Priest, to taste the sacrificial gifts.
Then, Lord of harnessed teams I drink of the twofold draught, bright Soma mingled with the milk.
Geldner
Der Adhvaryu begehrt auf den richtigsten Wegen die Opfergaben darzubringen. Nun trink, du Niyutfahrer, von beidem bei uns, den reinen und den milchgemischten Soma!
Grassmann
Auf gradsten Wegen führt der Opferpriester hin die Tränke zu dem Opfermahl, So trink, bespannter, unsern beiderseit’gen Trank, den reinen, milchgemischten Saft.
Elizarenkova
Адхварью направляется самыми прямыми путями,
Чтобы принести жертвы.
Испей же, о владелец упряжек, того и другого:
Чистого сому (и) смешанного с молоком!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- वायु:
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- स्वराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
11 बण्महाँ असि - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
ब᳓ण् महाँ᳓ असि सूरिय
ब᳓ळ् आदित्य महाँ᳓ असि
मह᳓स् ते सतो᳓ महिमा᳓ पनस्यते
अद्धा᳓ देव महाँ᳓ असि
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
बण्म॒हाँ अ॑सि सूर्य॒ बळा॑दित्य म॒हाँ अ॑सि ।
म॒हस्ते॑ स॒तो म॑हि॒मा प॑नस्यते॒ऽद्धा दे॑व म॒हाँ अ॑सि ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - सूर्यः
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
ब᳓ण् महाँ᳓ असि सूरिय
ब᳓ळ् आदित्य महाँ᳓ असि
मह᳓स् ते सतो᳓ महिमा᳓ पनस्यते
अद्धा᳓ देव महाँ᳓ असि
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
asi ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
báṭ ← báṭ (invariable)
mahā́n ← mahā́nt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
sūrya ← sū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
āditya ← ādityá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
asi ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
báṭ ← báṭ (invariable)
mahā́n ← mahā́nt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
maháḥ ← máh- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, number:SG}
mahimā́ ← mahimán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
panasyate ← √panasy- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
satáḥ ← √as- 1 (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
addhā́ ← addhā́ (invariable)
asi ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
deva ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
mahā́n ← mahā́nt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
बट् । म॒हान् । अ॒सि॒ । सू॒र्य॒ । बट् । आ॒दि॒त्य॒ । म॒हान् । अ॒सि॒ ।
म॒हः । ते॒ । स॒तः । म॒हि॒मा । प॒न॒स्य॒ते॒ । अ॒द्धा । दे॒व॒ । म॒हान् । अ॒सि॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- baṇ ← baṭ
- [adverb]
- mahāṃ ← mahat
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
- asi ← as
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- sūrya
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
- baᄆ ← baṭ
- [adverb]
- āditya
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “sun; Aditya; Surya; āditya [word].”
- mahāṃ ← mahat
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
- asi ← as
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- mahas ← mahaḥ ← mah
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- sato ← sataḥ ← as
- [verb noun], genitive, singular
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- mahimā ← mahiman
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “greatness; power; mahiman.”
- panasyate ← panasy
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- ‘ddhā ← addhā
- [adverb]
- “in truth.”
- deva
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
- mahāṃ ← mahat
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
- asi ← as
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे सूर्य त्वं महान् तेजसाधिकः असि । बट् सत्यम्। नैतन्मिथ्येत्यर्थः। हे आदित्य अदितेः पुत्र त्वं महान् बलेनाप्यधिकः असि । बट् सत्यम् । महः महतः सतः भवतः ते महिमा महत्त्वं पनस्यते स्तोतृभिः स्तूयते । हे देव द्योतनादिगुणयुक्त सूर्य त्वं महान् वीर्येणाप्यधिकः असि भवसि । अद्धा सत्यमेव । अत्र न संशय इत्यर्थः । ‘ बट् सत्रा अद्धा ’ इति सत्यनामसु पाठात् ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Verily you are great, O Sun; verily, Āditya, you are great; the greatness of you, the greatone,ispraised; verily you are great, O god.”
Jamison Brereton
Yes indeed! you are great, Sūrya; yes indeed! Āditya, you are great. The greatness of you who are great attracts admiration. Certainly, god, you are great. ᳓
Jamison Brereton Notes
11-12 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
As noted in the published introduction, the banality of these vss. is a surprising aberration in RVic style. I will note that pāda-final mahā́m̐asi “you are great,” found 5x in these two vss. (once mid-pāda), is something of a signature of the late VIIIth Maṇḍala (60.6, 19; 64.2, 95.4, 98.2), though it’s found occasionally elsewhere.
Griffith
Verily, Surya, thou art great; truly, Aditya, thou art great.
As thou art great indeed, thy greatness is admired: yea, verily, thou, God, art great.
Geldner
Wahrhaftig, du bist der Große, Surya; wahrhaftig, du bist der Große, Aditya. Deine, des Großen, Größe verdient Preis; wirklich bist du, Gott, der Große.
Grassmann
Ja, gross bist du, o Sonnengott, ja, o Aditja, gross bist du; deine, des grossen, Grösse wird fürwahr gepriesen, o Gott, du bist gross.
Elizarenkova
В самом деле, ты велик, о Сурья.
В самом деле, ты велик, о Адитья.
Величие у тебя, великого,удивительно.
Ты, действительно, велик, о бог.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- सूर्यः
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- विराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
12 बत् सूर्य - सतो बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
ब᳓ट् सूरिय · श्र᳓वसा महाँ᳓ असि
सत्रा᳓ देव महाँ᳓ असि
मह्ना᳓ देवा᳓नाम् असुर्यः᳡ पुरो᳓हितो
विभु᳓ ज्यो᳓तिर् अ᳓दाभियम्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
बट् सू॑र्य॒ श्रव॑सा म॒हाँ अ॑सि स॒त्रा दे॑व म॒हाँ अ॑सि ।
म॒ह्ना दे॒वाना॑मसु॒र्यः॑ पु॒रोहि॑तो वि॒भु ज्योति॒रदा॑भ्यम् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - सूर्यः
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
ब᳓ट् सूरिय · श्र᳓वसा महाँ᳓ असि
सत्रा᳓ देव महाँ᳓ असि
मह्ना᳓ देवा᳓नाम् असुर्यः᳡ पुरो᳓हितो
विभु᳓ ज्यो᳓तिर् अ᳓दाभियम्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
asi ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
báṭ ← báṭ (invariable)
mahā́n ← mahā́nt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
śrávasā ← śrávas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}
sūrya ← sū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
asi ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
deva ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
mahā́n ← mahā́nt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
satrā́ ← satrā́ (invariable)
asuryàḥ ← asuryà- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
devā́nām ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}
mahnā́ ← mahimán- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}
puróhitaḥ ← puróhita- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ádābhyam ← ádābhya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
jyótiḥ ← jyótis- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
vibhú ← vibhú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
बट् । सू॒र्य॒ । श्रव॑सा । म॒हान् । अ॒सि॒ । स॒त्रा । दे॒व॒ । म॒हान् । अ॒सि॒ ।
म॒ह्ना । दे॒वाना॑म् । अ॒सु॒र्यः॑ । पु॒रःऽहि॑तः । वि॒ऽभु । ज्योतिः॑ । अदा॑भ्यम् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- baṭ
- [adverb]
- sūrya
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
- śravasā ← śravas
- [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
- “fame; glory; ear.”
- mahāṃ ← mahat
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
- asi ← as
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- satrā
- [adverb]
- deva
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
- mahāṃ ← mahat
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
- asi ← as
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- mahnā ← mahan
- [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
- “greatness.”
- devānām ← deva
- [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
- “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
- asuryaḥ ← asurya
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “āsura.”
- purohito ← purohitaḥ ← purodhā ← √dhā
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- vibhu
- [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
- “mighty; abundant; big.”
- jyotir ← jyotiḥ ← jyotis
- [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
- “light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”
- adābhyam ← adābhya
- [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
- “trustworthy; disabused(p).”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे सूर्य त्वं श्रवसा श्रवणेन महान् सर्वाधिकः असि बट् सत्यम् । हे देव द्योतमान सूर्य त्वं देवानां मध्ये मह्ना महत्त्वेन महान् अधिकः असि सत्रा सत्यमेव । असुर्यः असुराणां हन्ता चासि । किंच त्वं देवानां पुरोहितः हितोपदेष्टासि। किंच ते ज्योतिः तेजः विभु महत् अदाभ्यं केनाप्यहिंस्यं च ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Verily, O sun, you are great in fame; O god, you are indeed mighty among the gods in might; you arethe slayer of the asuras, and the preceptor (of the gods); your glory is widespread and to be marred by none.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Slayer of the asuras: asuryaḥ = asurāṇām hantā; or, beneficent to living beings
Jamison Brereton
Yes indeed! Sūrya, you are great in fame; in every way, god, you are great.
Because of his greatness the lordly one was set in front for the gods, as the extensive undeceivable light.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Presumably the sun’s light is ‘undeceivable’ (adābhyàm) because the sun is witness to everything.
11-12 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
As noted in the published introduction, the banality of these vss. is a surprising aberration in RVic style. I will note that pāda-final mahā́m̐asi “you are great,” found 5x in these two vss. (once mid-pāda), is something of a signature of the late VIIIth Maṇḍala (60.6, 19; 64.2, 95.4, 98.2), though it’s found occasionally elsewhere.
Griffith
Yea, Surya, thou art great in fame thou evermore, O God, art great.
Thou by thy greatness art the Gods’ High Priest, divine, far-spread unconquerable light.
Geldner
Wahrhaftig, du bist groß an Ruhm, Surya, du bist ganz und gar der Große, o Gott. Durch deine Größe hast du, der Asurische, den Vortritt unter den Göttern, du, das allmächtige, unbetörbare Licht.
Grassmann
Ja, Sonnengott, an Herrlichkeit bist du gross, nach allen Seiten, o Gott, bist du gross; durch deine Grösse bist du der himmlische Priester der Götter; stark, unvertilgbar ist dein Licht.
Elizarenkova
В самом деле, о Сурья, ты велик (своей) славой.
Ты полностью велик, о бог.
Благодаря величию (ты,) асурский, поставлен впереди богов
Как выдающийся неистребимый свет.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- सूर्यः
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- भुरिग्बृहती
- मध्यमः
13 इयं या - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
इयं᳓ या᳓ नी᳓ची अर्कि᳓णी
रूपा᳓ रो᳓हिणिया कृता᳓
चित्रा᳓ इव प्र᳓ति अदर्शि आयती᳓
अन्त᳓र् दश᳓सु बाहु᳓षु
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
इ॒यं या नीच्य॒र्किणी॑ रू॒पा रोहि॑ण्या कृ॒ता ।
चि॒त्रेव॒ प्रत्य॑दर्श्याय॒त्य१॒॑न्तर्द॒शसु॑ बा॒हुषु॑ ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - उषाः सूर्यप्रभा वा
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
इयं᳓ या᳓ नी᳓ची अर्कि᳓णी
रूपा᳓ रो᳓हिणिया कृता᳓
चित्रा᳓ इव प्र᳓ति अदर्शि आयती᳓
अन्त᳓र् दश᳓सु बाहु᳓षु
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
arkíṇī ← arkín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
iyám ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
nī́cī ← nyàñc- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
yā́ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
kr̥tā́ ← √kr̥- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
róhiṇyā ← róhiṇī- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}
rūpā́ ← rūpá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
adarśi ← √dr̥ś- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:PASS}
āyatī́ ← √i- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
citrā́ ← citrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
iva ← iva (invariable)
práti ← práti (invariable)
antár ← antár (invariable)
bāhúṣu ← bāhú- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}
daśásu ← dáśa- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}
पद-पाठः
इ॒यम् । या । नीची॑ । अ॒र्किणी॑ । रू॒पा । रोहि॑ण्या । कृ॒ता ।
चि॒त्राऽइ॑व । प्रति॑ । अ॒द॒र्शि॒ । आ॒ऽय॒ती । अ॒न्तः । द॒शऽसु॑ । बा॒हुषु॑ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- iyaṃ ← iyam ← idam
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
- yā ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- nīcy ← nīcī ← nyāñc
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- arkiṇī ← arkin
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- rūpā ← rūpa
- [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
- “form; appearance; beauty; look; shape; shape; symptom; feature; nature; guise; rūpa [word]; one; appearance; likeness; color; kind; vowel; type; disguise; aspect; form; derivative; omen; vision.”
- rohiṇyā ← rohin
- [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
- “growing.”
- kṛtā ← kṛ
- [verb noun], nominative, plural
- “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
- citreva ← citrā ← citra
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “manifold; extraordinary; beautiful; divers(a); varicolored; bright; bright; bright; outstanding; agitated; aglitter(p); brilliant; painted; obvious; patched; bizarre.”
- citreva ← iva
- [adverb]
- “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
- praty ← prati
- [adverb]
- “towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”
- adarśy ← adarśi ← dṛś
- [verb], singular, Aorist passive
- “see; observe; view; visit; look; learn; meet; read; teach; examine; watch; see; notice; perceive; diagnose; travel to; show; detect; know; know; understand; understand; follow.”
- āyaty ← āyatī ← e ← √i
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “come; travel.”
- antar
- [adverb]
- “inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”
- daśasu ← daśan
- [noun], locative, plural, masculine
- “ten; tenth; daśan [word].”
- bāhuṣu ← bāhu
- [noun], locative, plural, masculine
- “arm; bāhu [word]; elbow; forefoot.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
अस्यामृचि उषसः स्तुतिः सूर्यप्रभाया वा । या इयं नीची अवाङ्मुखी अर्किणी स्तुतिमती रूपा रूपवती रोहिण्या प्रकाशयुक्ता कृता उषाः सूर्यप्रभा वोत्पादिता सा अन्तः ब्रह्माण्डस्य मध्ये बाहुषु बाहुस्थानीयासु दशसु दशसंख्याकासु दिक्षु आयती आगच्छन्ती चित्रेव चित्रा गौरिव प्रत्यदर्शि सर्वैरदृश्यत ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“She who was created beautiful and bright, bending downwards and receiving all praise, has been seenwithin (the world), like a bridled cow, advancing to the ten regions (spread out) like arms.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
She: uṣas, the dawn,or the light of the Sun
Jamison Brereton
Here is the one [=butter offering] who is heading downward, accompanied by chants, her form created by a ruddy (cow).
Like brilliant (Dawn) she has appeared opposite, coming hither within the ten arms.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The referent of the fem. sgs. in this vs. is not entirely clear. Geldner interprets it as the offering spoon or the butter offering, Oldenberg as the cow. I think Geldner’s 2nd alternative is correct, with ā́huti- or a similar fem. noun as the word underlying.
Pāda b, “her form is created by a/the ruddy (cow),” because butter is a milk product.
(Geldner supplies ‘flame’ rather than ‘cow’ with róhiṇyā, but róhiṇī- elsewhere refers to cows [see nearby VIII.93.13].) Pāda c is more or less VII.81.1a práty u adarśy āyatī́, and since the referent there is Dawn, the simile citréva (i.e., citrā́iva) must be comparing the bright butter offering (bright because it is whitish yellow or because it makes the fire brighter) to Dawn. As for the ten arms, Oldenberg and Geldner both suggest that these are the arms of the five Adhvaryus. However, it seems possible to me that we’re dealing with body-part inflation, and the ten “arms” are the ten fingers (of a single priest) regularly referred to in ritual contexts.
Griffith
She yonder, bending lowly down, clothed in red hues and rich in rays,
Is seen, advancing as it were with various tints, amid the ten surrounding arms.
Geldner
Diese niedergehende, von Lobsang begleitete - von der rötlichen Flamme werden ihre Farben verwandelt - hat in den zehn Armen einen Anblick wie die ankommende buntfarbige Usas geboten.
Grassmann
Diese [Morgenröthe], welche sich niederneigt, strahlend, schöne Farben sind durch die rothe hervorgerufen wie ein geschmücktes Weib erschien sie als sie herkam zwischen den zehn Armen [Weltgegenden Sāy.].
Elizarenkova
Эта направленная вниз, сопровождаемая песнями,
Принявшая (свой) облик благодаря рыжей (корове),
Показалась среди десяти рук,
Словно яркая приближающаяся (женщина).
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- उषाः सूर्यप्रभा वा
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- आर्चीबृहती
- मध्यमः
14 प्रजा ह - त्रिष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
प्रजा᳓ ह तिस्रो᳓ अतिआ᳓यम् ईयुर्
नि᳓ अन्या᳓ अर्क᳓म् अभि᳓तो विविश्रे
बृह᳓द् ध तस्थौ भु᳓वनेषु अन्तः᳓
प᳓वमानो हरि᳓त आ᳓ विवेश
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
प्र॒जा ह॑ ति॒स्रो अ॒त्याय॑मीयु॒र्न्य१॒॑न्या अ॒र्कम॒भितो॑ विविश्रे ।
बृ॒हद्ध॑ तस्थौ॒ भुव॑नेष्व॒न्तः पव॑मानो ह॒रित॒ आ वि॑वेश ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - पवमानः
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
प्रजा᳓ ह तिस्रो᳓ अतिआ᳓यम् ईयुर्
नि᳓ अन्या᳓ अर्क᳓म् अभि᳓तो विविश्रे
बृह᳓द् ध तस्थौ भु᳓वनेषु अन्तः᳓
प᳓वमानो हरि᳓त आ᳓ विवेश
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Popular for linguistic reasons, and possibly also for non-linguistic reasons
Pāda-label
popular
popular
popular
popular
Morph
atyā́yam ← atyā́ya- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
ha ← ha (invariable)
īyuḥ ← √i- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
prajā́ḥ ← prajā́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
tisráḥ ← trí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
abhítas ← abhítas (invariable)
anyā́ḥ ← anyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
arkám ← arká- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
ní ← ní (invariable)
viviśre ← √viś- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}
antár ← antár (invariable)
bhúvaneṣu ← bhúvana- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}
br̥hát ← br̥hánt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
ha ← ha (invariable)
tasthau ← √sthā- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
harítaḥ ← harít- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
pávamānaḥ ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
viveśa ← √viś- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
पद-पाठः
प्र॒ऽजाः । ह॒ । ति॒स्रः । अ॒ति॒ऽआय॑म् । ई॒युः॒ । नि । अ॒न्याः । अ॒र्कम् । अ॒भितः॑ । वि॒वि॒श्रे॒ ।
बृ॒हत् । ह॒ । त॒स्थौ॒ । भुव॑नेषु । अ॒न्तरिति॑ । पव॑मानः । ह॒रितः॑ । आ । वि॒वे॒श॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- prajā ← prajāḥ ← prajā
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “people; offspring; being; national; man; prajā [word]; creature; child; descendants; population; race; animal.”
- ha
- [adverb]
- “indeed; ha [word].”
- tisro ← tisraḥ ← tri
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
- atyāyam ← atyāya
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- īyur ← īyuḥ ← i
- [verb], plural, Perfect indicative
- “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
- ny ← ni
- [adverb]
- “back; down.”
- anyā ← anyāḥ ← anya
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”
- arkam ← arka
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sun; copper; Surya; hymn; twelve; fire; beam.”
- abhito ← abhitas
- [adverb]
- “about; around; regarding; about.”
- viviśre ← viś
- [verb], plural, Perfect indicative
- “enter; penetrate; settle; settle.”
- bṛhaddha ← bṛhat
- [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
- “large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”
- bṛhaddha ← ha
- [adverb]
- “indeed; ha [word].”
- tasthau ← sthā
- [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
- “stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
- bhuvaneṣv ← bhuvaneṣu ← bhuvana
- [noun], locative, plural, neuter
- “Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”
- antaḥ ← antar
- [adverb]
- “inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”
- pavamāno ← pavamānaḥ ← pavamāna
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “wind.”
- harita ← haritaḥ ← harit
- [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
- “pale; green; bay; yellow.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- viveśa ← viś
- [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
- “enter; penetrate; settle; settle.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
याः तिस्रः प्रजाः अत्यायमीयुः अत्यायमायन् अन्याः ता इमाः प्रजाः अर्कम् अर्चनीयमग्निम् अभितो विविश्रे अभितो निविष्टास्ततो न पराबभूवुः । भुवनेष्वन्तः मध्ये बृहत् महान् असावादित्यः । प्रजापतिरित्येके । तस्थौ प्रकाशयन्नतिष्ठत् । हरितः दिशः पवमानः वायुः आ विवेश आविष्टः । तथा चैतरेयब्राह्मणं - ‘प्रजा ह तिस्रो अत्यायमीयुरिति या वै ता इमाः प्रजास्तिस्रो अत्यायमायंस्तानीमानि वयांसि वङ्गावगधाश्चेरपादाः । न्यन्या अर्कमभितो विविश्र इति ता इमाः प्रजा अर्कमभितो निविष्टा इममेवाग्निं बृहद्ध तस्थौ भुवनेष्वन्तरित्यद उ एव बृहद्भुवनेष्वन्तरसावादित्यः पवमानो हरित आ विवेशेति वायुरेव पवमानो दिशो हरित आविष्टः ’ (ऐ. आ. २. १. १) इति । वाजसनेयिनोऽप्यामनन्ति - ‘ स तपोऽतप्यत स प्रजा असृजत ता अस्य प्रजाः सृष्टाः पराबभूवुस्तानीमानि वयांसि ’ इत्युपक्रम्य ‘ प्रजा ह तिस्रो अत्यायमीयुरिति या अमूः प्रजा अत्यायन् न्यन्या अर्कमभितो विविश्र इत्यग्निर्वा अर्कस्तमिमाः प्रजा अभितो निविष्टास्ता इमाः पराभूताः । बृहद्ध तस्थौ भुवनेष्वन्तरिति प्रजापतिमेवैतदभ्यनुक्तं पवमानो हरित आ विवेशेति दिशो वै हरितस्ता अयं पवमान आविष्टः ’ (श. ब्रा. २. ५. १. १-५) इति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Three kinds of creatures went to destruction; the others came before Agni; the mighty one (the Sun)stood within the worlds; (Vāyu), the purifier, entered the quarters of the sky.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Legend: Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa2.5.1: Prajāpati desired to create and after intense meditation, produced in succession, three kinds ofcreatures– birds, small snakes (sarisṛpa), and serpents; but they all died. He then reflected on the cause of thefailure; and, perceiving it to be the want of nourishment, he caused milk to be produced in his own breasts. Afterthis, he created a fourth kind which were thus fed and lived. The ‘others’ are those which thus survived. Themighty one: the Sun and others; or, Prajāpati
Jamison Brereton
Three offspring [=soma-drinks/pressings] have made their traversal (of the filter); the others have settled down around the chant.
Loftily he has stood among the creatures; the self-purifying (soma) has entered within the golden (flames).
Jamison Brereton Notes
This difficult and enigmatic vs. is found in slightly variant form in the AV in the mystical skambha hymn X.8.3, is repeated in other Vedic texts, and receives an explanation in ŚB II.5.1.4-5. The interpr. of the verse in this context here has been influenced by its later deployments, esp. the ŚB exegesis — in my opinion misleadingly. The ŚB takes it to refer to the passing of generations or races, expressed by the prajā́ḥ … tisráḥ of pāda a, and this basic understanding is reproduced by Geldner and by Renou (Hymnes spéculatifs 165, though of AV X.8.3, not the RVic passage). Oldenberg sensibly disdains tr. and explanation (“Erklärung dieser Mystik versuche ich nicht.”).
I think the vs. must be taken within its RVic context, which is ritualistic; it is paired in its pragātha with vs. 13, a depiction of the butter offering. Although in the first 3 pādas the wording is obscure, the final pāda seems to suggest the solution to the mystery, in that its first word pávamānaḥ ‘self-purifying’ can hardly refer to anything but soma. (It is probably not an accident that in the reuse of this verse in the AV pāda d is quite different [hárito háriṇīr ā́viveśa] and does not contain the telltale word.) The identity of the harítaḥ is less secure. In the published translation I follow Geldner in supply ‘flames’, but this is ritually problematic: soma doesn’t seem to be offered into the fire. Maṇḍala IX twice refers to haríto dáśa “ten tawny ones” (IX.63.9, 69.9), which appear to be the fingers of the ritual officiant. I would now emend the translation to “has entered within the tawny (fingers),” pointing out that “with the ten arms” of 13d may refer to the same phenomenon.
Guided by the clinching word pávamānaḥ in pāda d, an interpr. grounded in soma ritual fits pāda a very well. The most important clue is the compound VP atyā́yam īyuḥ “have made their traversal”; the lexeme áti √i ‘go across’ is regularly used of soma’s trip across the filter (IX.85.9 pávitram áty eti, etc.). The three prajā́ḥ can be the three soma pressings (or perhaps the soma for the first three soma cups); soma drinks are called prajā́divyásya rétasaḥ “the offspring of the heavenly semen” in IX.86.28, a hymn that contains several passages (IX.86.14, 39, 45) in which soma is “fitted into among the worlds/creatures” (bhúvaneṣv árpitaḥ), similarly to our pāda c bhúvaneṣv antáḥ.
The relevance of pāda b to the soma theme is less clear to me. By my rules, anyā́ḥ should be definite “the others” (contrary to the standard rendering “others”) and contrastive to the three offspring of pāda a. I am not sure what “the others” would be (though presumably some other set of soma drinks), nor what “settling down around the chant” would involve. As for pāda c, I’ve already pointed out soma’s position bhúvaneṣu elsewhere, and the towering quality of cosmic soma is also emphasized elsewhere.
I do not feel I have solved all the problems with this verse, but the lexical clues of pādas a and d seem to me to anchor it in a soma context, with this ritual context reinforced by its pragātha twin.
Griffith
Past and gone are three mortal generations: the fourth and last into the Sun hath entered.
He mid the worlds his lofty place hath taken. Into green plants is gone the Purifying.
Geldner
Drei Menschengeschlechter sind schon vorübergegangen, andere haben sich seitdem um den Preisgesang niedergelassen. Groß steht er da unter den Geschöpfen. Pavamana Soma ist in die goldgelben Flammen eingegangen.
Grassmann
Drei Töchter gingen zur Durchschreitung, [drei] andere lagerten sich rings um die Sonne; erhaben stand der Soma Pavamana unter den Wesen, er ging ein in die goldnen Sonnenrosse.
Elizarenkova
Три поколения уже миновали.
Другие уселись вокруг хвалебной песни.
Высоко стоит он среди существ.
Павамана вошел в рыжие (языки пламени).
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- पवमानः
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- पादनिचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः
15 माता रुद्राणाम् - त्रिष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
माता᳓ रुद्रा᳓णां दुहिता᳓ व᳓सूनां
स्व᳓सादित्या᳓नाम् अमृ᳓तस्य ना᳓भिः
प्र᳓ नु᳓ वोचं चिकितु᳓षे ज᳓नाय
मा᳓ गा᳓म् अ᳓नागाम् अ᳓दितिं वधिष्ट
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
मा॒ता रु॒द्राणां॑ दुहि॒ता वसू॑नां॒ स्वसा॑दि॒त्याना॑म॒मृत॑स्य॒ नाभिः॑ ।
प्र नु वो॑चं चिकि॒तुषे॒ जना॑य॒ मा गामना॑गा॒मदि॑तिं वधिष्ट ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - गौः
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
माता᳓ रुद्रा᳓णां दुहिता᳓ व᳓सूनां
स्व᳓सादित्या᳓नाम् अमृ᳓तस्य ना᳓भिः
प्र᳓ नु᳓ वोचं चिकितु᳓षे ज᳓नाय
मा᳓ गा᳓म् अ᳓नागाम् अ᳓दितिं वधिष्ट
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Popular for non-linguistic reasons
Pāda-label
genre D
genre D
genre D
genre D
Morph
duhitā́ ← duhitár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
mātā́ ← mātár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
rudrā́ṇām ← rudrá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}
vásūnām ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}
ādityā́nām ← ādityá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}
amŕ̥tasya ← amŕ̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
nā́bhiḥ ← nā́bhi- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
svásā ← svásar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
cikitúṣe ← √cit- (root)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
jánāya ← jána- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
nú ← nú (invariable)
prá ← prá (invariable)
vocam ← √vac- (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
áditim ← áditi- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
ánāgām ← ánāga- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
gā́m ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
mā́ ← mā́ (invariable)
vadhiṣṭa ← √vadhⁱ- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
पद-पाठः
मा॒ता । रु॒द्राणा॑म् । दु॒हि॒ता । वसू॑नाम् । स्वसा॑ । आ॒दि॒त्याना॑म् । अ॒मृत॑स्य । नाभिः॑ ।
प्र । नु । वो॒च॒म् । चि॒कि॒तुषे॑ । जना॑य । मा । गाम् । अना॑गाम् । अदि॑तिम् । व॒धि॒ष्ट॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- mātā ← mātṛ
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
- rudrāṇāṃ ← rudrāṇām ← rudra
- [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
- “Shiva; Rudra; eleven; rudra [word]; eleventh.”
- duhitā ← duhitṛ
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “daughter; duhitṛ [word].”
- vasūnāṃ ← vasūnām ← vasu
- [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
- “Vasu; Vasu; eight; vas; audbhida; Deva; sun; pāṃśuja; Agni.”
- svasādityānām ← svasā ← svasṛ
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “sister; svasṛ [word].”
- svasādityānām ← ādityānām ← āditya
- [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
- “sun; Aditya; Surya; āditya [word].”
- amṛtasya ← amṛta
- [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
- “amṛta; immortality; vatsanābha; ambrosia; mercury; medicine; vighasa; calcium hydroxide.”
- nābhiḥ ← nābhi
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “navel; hub; kinship; beginning; origin; umbilical cord; nābhi [word]; friendship; center.”
- pra
- [adverb]
- “towards; ahead.”
- nu
- [adverb]
- “now; already.”
- vocaṃ ← vocam ← vac
- [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “say; describe; name; tell; address; enumerate; call; state; teach; explain; say; declare; speak; define; declare; order; address; recommend; answer; deem; recite; approve; proclaim; indicate; determine; mention; designate.”
- cikituṣe ← cit
- [verb noun], dative, singular
- “notice; observe; attend to; intend.”
- janāya ← jana
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
- mā
- [adverb]
- “not.”
- gām ← go
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
- anāgām ← anāga
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “impeccant; innocent.”
- aditiṃ ← aditim ← aditi
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “Aditi; aditi [word].”
- vadhiṣṭa ← vadh
- [verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “kill; assail; kick; māray; destroy; beat.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
अस्मिन् द्वृचे गौः स्तूयते । या गौः रुद्राणां मरुतां माता जननी वसूनां दुहिता पुत्री आदित्यानां स्वसा भगिनी अमृतस्य पयसः नाभिः आवासस्थानं ताम् अनागाम् अनागसम् अदितिम् अदीनां गां गोरूपां देवीं मा वधिष्ट हे जनाः मा हिंसिष्टेति चिकितुषे चेतनावते जनाय नु इदानीं प्र वोचम् अहं प्रावोचमिति शुश्रूषमाणेभ्य उपदेशः ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“(She who is) the mother of the Rudras, the daughter of the Vasus, the sister of the Ādityas, the homeof ambrosia– I have spoken to men of understqanding– kill not her, the sinless inviolate cow.”
Jamison Brereton
Mother of the Rudras, daughter of the Vasus, sister of the Ādityas, navel of immortality—
I now proclaim to observant people: do not smite the blameless
cow—Aditi.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Note the phonetic figure in pāda d mā́gā́m (á)nāgām.
Griffith
The Rudras’ Mother, Daughter of the Vasus, centre of nectar, the Adityas’ Sister-
To folk who understand will 1 proclaim it-injure not Aditi, the Cow, the sinless.
Geldner
Die Mutter der Rudra´s, die Tochter der Vasu´s, die Schwester der Aditya´s, der Unsterblichkeit Nabel - sagen will ich jetzt den verständigen Leuten: Tötet nicht die unschuldige Kuh, die Aditi!
Grassmann
Die Mutter der Rudra’s, die Tochter der Vasu’s, die Schwester der Aditja’s ist [Priçni] der Mittelpunkt der Götterwelt; ich verkünde nun dem aufmerkenden Menschen: Verletzet nicht eine schuldlose Kuh, eine Aditi.
Elizarenkova
Мать Рудр, дочь Васу,
Сестра Адитьев, пуп бессмертия –
Я хочу сказать разумным людям:
Не убивайте безвинную корову-Адити!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- गौः
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः
16 वचोविदं वाचमुदीरयन्तीम् - त्रिष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
वचोवि᳓दं वा᳓चम् उदीर᳓यन्तीं
वि᳓श्वाभिर् धीभि᳓र् उपति᳓ष्ठमानाम्
देवीं᳓ देवे᳓भ्यः प᳓रि एयु᳓षीं गा᳓म्
आ᳓ मावृक्त म᳓र्तियो दभ्र᳓चेताः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
व॒चो॒विदं॒ वाच॑मुदी॒रय॑न्तीं॒ विश्वा॑भिर्धी॒भिरु॑प॒तिष्ठ॑मानाम् ।
दे॒वीं दे॒वेभ्यः॒ पर्ये॒युषीं॒ गामा मा॑वृक्त॒ मर्त्यो॑ द॒भ्रचे॑ताः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - गौः
- ऋषिः - जमदग्निर्भार्गवः
- छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
वचोवि᳓दं वा᳓चम् उदीर᳓यन्तीं
वि᳓श्वाभिर् धीभि᳓र् उपति᳓ष्ठमानाम्
देवीं᳓ देवे᳓भ्यः प᳓रि एयु᳓षीं गा᳓म्
आ᳓ मावृक्त म᳓र्तियो दभ्र᳓चेताः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Popular for non-linguistic reasons
Pāda-label
genre D
genre D
genre D
genre D
Morph
udīráyantīm ← √īr- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
vā́cam ← vā́c- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
vacovídam ← vacovíd- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
dhībhíḥ ← dhī́- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}
upatíṣṭhamānām ← √sthā- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
víśvābhiḥ ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}
devébhyaḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}
devī́m ← devī́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
eyúṣīm ← √i- 1 (root)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
gā́m ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
pári ← pári (invariable)
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
avr̥kta ← √vr̥j- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}
dabhrácetāḥ ← dabhrácetas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
mā ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}
mártyaḥ ← mártya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
व॒चः॒ऽविद॑म् । वाच॑म् । उ॒त्ऽई॒रय॑न्तीम् । विश्वा॑भिः । धी॒भिः । उ॒प॒ऽतिष्ठ॑मानाम् ।
दे॒वीम् । दे॒वेभ्यः॑ । परि॑ । आ॒ऽई॒युषी॑म् । गाम् । आ । मा॒ । अ॒वृ॒क्त॒ । मर्त्यः॑ । द॒भ्रऽचे॑ताः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- vacovidaṃ ← vacaḥ ← vacas
- [noun], neuter
- “statement; command; speech; words; advice; word; voice.”
- vacovidaṃ ← vidam ← vid
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “finding.”
- vācam ← vāc
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”
- udīrayantīṃ ← udīrayantīm ← udīray ← √īr
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- “state; name; agitate; define; recommend; cause; shoot; describe; intensify.”
- viśvābhir ← viśvābhiḥ ← viśva
- [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
- “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
- dhībhir ← dhībhiḥ ← dhī
- [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
- “intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”
- upatiṣṭhamānām ← upasthā ← √sthā
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- “approach; approach; worship; serve; originate; enter (a state); entertain; arise; stand; happen; become.”
- devīṃ ← devīm ← devī
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “Parvati; queen; goddess; Devi.”
- devebhyaḥ ← deva
- [noun], ablative, plural, masculine
- “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
- pary ← pari
- [adverb]
- “from; about; around.”
- eyuṣīṃ ← eyuṣīm ← i
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
- gām ← go
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- māvṛkta ← mā ← mad
- [noun], accusative, singular
- “I; mine.”
- māvṛkta ← avṛkta ← vṛj
- [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
- martyo ← martyaḥ ← martya
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”
- dabhracetāḥ ← dabhra
- [noun]
- “few; little(a); deficient.”
- dabhracetāḥ ← cetāḥ ← cetas
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “mind; heart; consciousness; intelligence; purpose; cetas [word].”
सायण-भाष्यम्
वचोविदं वचसो लम्भयित्रीं वाचम् उदीरयन्तीं पयः पीत्वा पश्चाद्वाचमुदीरयन्तीम् । क्षुधितो हि जनो न वाचमुदीरयति भुक्त्वा पश्चादुदीरयति । विश्वाभिः सर्वाभिः धीभिः वाग्भिः उपतिष्ठमानां देवीं द्योतमानां देवेभ्यः देवार्थं मा माम् एयुषीम् अवगच्छन्तीं गां दभ्रचेताः अल्पबुद्धिः मर्त्यः मनुष्यः परि आ अवृक्त परिवर्जयति ॥ ॥ ८ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“The divine cow, who herself utters, speech and gives speech to others, who comes attended by everykind of utterance, who helps me for my worship of the gods– it is only the fool who abandons her.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Gives speechto others: men are silent while they are hungry,but begin to speak when they have eaten food
Jamison Brereton
Knowing speech, rousing speech, reverently approaching with all visionary thoughts,
the goddess, coming hither from the gods, the cow—*let not a
small-witted mortal appropriate me.
The final group of hymns consists of 102–103, dedicated to Agni.
Jamison Brereton Notes
According to the transmitted text, this hymn ends on a downbeat: the small-witted man (dabhrácetāḥ), the last word of the hymn, has taken possession (avṛkta) of the cow that has been so extravagantly praised in vss. 15-16, whose right to safety was proclaimed to “observant people” or “the observant man” (cikitúṣe jánāya 15c), the opposite of the small-witted man of 16d. This sad finale seems unlikely to me, and a small emendation to the text will change the tone entirely.
Instead of ā́māvṛkta at the beginning of pāda d, I suggest reading *mā́mā vṛkta. The second part, mā vṛkta, instead of the Pp. mā avṛkta, does not alter the Saṃhitā text.
As for reading the prohibitive negative mā́for preverb ā́, note that the preceding pāda ends with gā́m, and in the sequence … gā́m mā́the pāda-spanning -m m- could well have been degeminated. The posited *mā́may or may not also contain the preverb ā́. Since √vṛj generally appears with a preverb, it probably does. Restoring
*mā́also makes the pāda more parallel to 15d mā́gā́m …, which also contains a mā́ prohibitive with a cow as obj.
Griffith
Weak-minded men have as a cow adopted me who came hither from the Gods, a Goddess,
Who, skilled in eloquence, her voice uplifteth, who standeth near at hand with all devotions.
Geldner
Mich, die die Worte findet, die Rede anregt, die mit allen frommen Gedanken naht, die göttliche Kuh, die von den Göttern gekommen ist, mich hat der Sterbliche von schwacher Einsicht sich angeeignet.
Grassmann
Mich, die der Rede kundige, die ich die Stimme erhebe, allen Andachten zur Seite stehe, die Göttin, die ich von den Göttern herbeigekommen bin, mich hat vernachlässigt der bösegesinnte Mensch.
Elizarenkova
Меня, находящую слова, приводящую речь в движение,
Присутствующую (везде) благодаря всем молитвам,
Божественную корову, пришедшую от богов,
(Меня) использовал смертный со слабым разумом.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- गौः
- जमदग्निभार्गवः
- विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः