सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
सायण-भाष्यम्
‘ त्वामिदा ह्यः’ इत्यष्टर्चं षष्ठं सूक्तं नृमेधस्यार्षमैन्द्रम् । अयुजो बृहत्यो युजः सतोवृहत्यः । तथा चानुक्रान्तं - त्वामिदाष्टौ प्रागाथम्’ इति । चातुर्विंशिकेऽहनि मध्यंदिनसवनेऽच्छावाकस्य ‘त्वामिदा ह्यः’ इति (आश्व. श्रौ. ७. ४ )। महाव्रतेऽपि निष्केवल्ये बार्हततृचाशीतावयं प्रगाथः । तथैव पञ्चमारण्यके सूत्रितं- त्वामिदा ह्यो नर इत्येतं प्रगाथं प्रत्यवदधाति’ (ऐ. आ. ५, २. ४ ) इति । चातुर्विंशिकेऽहनि माध्यंदिनसवने ब्राह्मणाच्छंसिनः ‘ श्रायन्तइव ’ इति वैकल्पिकः स्तोत्रियः प्रगाथः । सूत्रितं च - ‘ श्रायन्तइव सूर्यं बण्महाँ असि सूर्य’ (आश्व. श्रौ. ७, ४) इति । चातुर्विंशिकेऽहनि माध्यंदिने ‘त्वमिन्द्र प्रतूर्तिषु त्वमिन्द्र यशा असि ( आश्व. श्रौ. ७. ४) इति । तस्मिन्नेवाहनि निष्केवल्ये वैराजयोनिभूतोऽयं प्रगाथः शंसनीयः । [सूत्रितं च–’ तयोरक्रियमाणस्य योनिं शंसेद्वैरूपवैराजशाक्कररैवतानां च ’ (आश्व, श्रौ. ७. ३) इति ।।
Jamison Brereton
99 (708)
Indra
Nr̥medha Āṅgirasa
8 verses: br̥hatī alternating with satobr̥hatī, arranged in pragāthas
As often, an invitation to the soma sacrifice begins the hymn (vss. 1–2), but it then continues directly to the topic of Indra’s giving (vss. 3–4), which often ends hymns. The poet expresses his hope for goods somewhat indirectly, in a curious simile about
getting cooked in the sun (vs. 3) and in the complex negative constructions of verse 4. The references to the same time yesterday (vs. 1) and to the apparent rebirth, that is, the regular rising, of the sun (vs. 3) suggest that the setting is the dawn ritual, when priestly gifts are distributed.
The second half of the hymn (vss. 4–8) is the praise hymn proper, with emphasis on Indra’s irresistible might in battle. The changes rung on the root tr̥̄ “overcome” as well as the balanced oppositions (of the type “who X-es but is not X-ed”) and parallelisms (e.g., the recurrence of -tar- agent nouns) give this portion of the hymn a high rhetorical polish.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Indra
01 त्वामिदा ह्यो - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
त्वा᳓म् इदा᳓+++(=अद्य)+++ ह्यो᳓+++(च)+++ न᳓रो᳓+++(=कर्मणां नेतारोयजमाना)+++
+++(सोमम्)+++ ऽपीप्यन्+++(=अपाययन्)+++ वज्रिन्भू᳓र्णयः+++(=हविर्भिर् भरणशीलाः)+++ ।
स᳓ इन्द्र स्तो᳓म+++(=स्तोत्र)+++ वाहसाम्+++(=वाहकानां)+++ इह᳓ श्रुध्य्+++(=शृणु)+++ उ᳓प स्व᳓सरम्+++(=गृहं)+++आ᳓ गहि ॥
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
त्वामि॒दा ह्यो नरोऽपी॑प्यन्वज्रि॒न्भूर्ण॑यः ।
स इ॑न्द्र॒ स्तोम॑वाहसामि॒ह श्रु॒ध्युप॒ स्वस॑र॒मा ग॑हि ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - नृमेधः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
तुवा᳓म् इदा᳓ हियो᳓ न᳓रो
अ᳓पीप्यन् वज्रिन् भू᳓र्णयः
स᳓ इन्द्र स्तो᳓मवाहसाम् इह᳓ श्रुधि
उ᳓प स्व᳓सरम् आ᳓ गहि
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
hyás ← hyás (invariable)
idā́ ← idā́ (invariable)
náraḥ ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
tvā́m ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}
ápīpyan ← √pī- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PLUPRF, voice:ACT}
bhū́rṇayaḥ ← bhū́rṇi- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
vajrin ← vajrín- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
ihá ← ihá (invariable)
indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
sáḥ ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
śrudhi ← √śru- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
stómavāhasām ← stómavāhas- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
gahi ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
svásaram ← svásara- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
úpa ← úpa (invariable)
पद-पाठः
त्वाम् । इ॒दा । ह्यः । नरः॑ । अपी॑प्यन् । व॒ज्रि॒न् । भूर्ण॑यः ।
सः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । स्तोम॑ऽवाहसाम् । इ॒ह । श्रु॒धि॒ । उप॑ । स्वस॑रम् । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- tvām ← tvad
- [noun], accusative, singular
- “you.”
- idā
- [adverb]
- hyo ← hyas
- [adverb]
- “yesterday; hyas [word].”
- naro ← naraḥ ← nṛ
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
- ‘pīpyan ← apīpyan ← pyā
- [verb], plural, Plusquamperfect
- “swell; abound; swell.”
- vajrin
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; vajra; Euphorbia neriifolia L.; abhra; Buddha.”
- bhūrṇayaḥ ← bhūrṇi
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “impatient; restless.”
- sa ← saḥ ← tad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- indra
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- stomavāhasām ← stoma
- [noun], masculine
- “hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”
- stomavāhasām ← vāhasām ← vāhas
- [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
- iha
- [adverb]
- “here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”
- śrudhy ← śrudhi ← śru
- [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
- “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”
- upa
- [adverb]
- “towards; on; next.”
- svasaram ← svasara
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “pasture; stall.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- gahi ← gam
- [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
- “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे वज्रिन् इन्द्र यं त्वां भूर्णयः हविर्भिर्भरणशीलाः नरः कर्मणां नेतारो यजमानाः इदा अद्य ह्यः च अपीप्यन् सोममपाययन् सः त्वं स्तोमवाहसां स्तोत्रवाहकानामस्माकं स्तोत्रम् इह यज्ञे श्रुधि शृणु। स्वसरं गृहं च । ‘दुर्याः स्वसराणि’ इति गृहनामसु पाठात् । उप आ गहि उपागच्छ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Thunderer, your worshippers, ready with their oblations, have today and yesterday made you drink (theSoma); listen, Indra, here to us who offer you praise and come you to our dwelling.”
Jamison Brereton
At this time yesterday these fervent men made you drink,
o mace-bearer.
Listen here to those whose vehicle is the praise song, Indra; come right up to the good pasture.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The redupl. form ápīpyan is implicitly assigned by Geldner to √pā ‘drink’ as a redupl. (causative) aorist: “Dich haben … die … Männer getränkt,” an analysis I follow. However, the majority opinion is that it belongs to √pī ‘swell’, which is not out of the question. The competing claims and morphological possibilities are discussed above ad VIII.66.7 with regard to apīpema. Our form here could have the expected zero-grade to an athematic stem (ápīpy-an), and the long reduplication could be correct for a causative reduplicated aorist, although since the cluster -py- is undistracted here, a short reduplication might be expected (type AV atitrasan).
However, since most of the forms of the act. redupl. aorist paradigm would not have such a cluster (*ápīpet, etc.), the long reduplication would surely be generalized. For further disc. of the proposed formation see VIII.66.7.
Griffith
O THUNDERER, zealous worshippers gave thee drink this time yesterday.
So, Indra, listen here to those who bring the laud: come near unto our dwellingplace.
Geldner
Dich haben gestern um diese Zeit die rührigen Männer getränkt, du Keulenträger. Höre, Indra, auch diesmal auf die durch Loblied dich anziehenden Sänger; komm her zur Frühmesse!
Grassmann
Dich, Blitzer, haben hier getränkt die Männer gestern eifervoll; Drum höre den, der hier, o Indra, Lob dir bringt, und komm zu unsrer Tränke her.
Elizarenkova
Тебя еще вчера напоили
Старательные мужи, о громовержец.
О Индра, услышь сейчас ведущих восхваление (певцов)!
Приди сюда на пастбище!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- नृमेधः
- स्वरडार्चीबृहती
- गान्धारः
02 मत्स्वा सुशिप्र - सतो बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
म᳓त्स्वा सुशिप्र हरिवस् त᳓द् ईमहे
त्वे᳓ आ᳓ भूषन्ति वेध᳓सः
त᳓व श्र᳓वांसि उपमा᳓नि उक्थि᳓या
सुते᳓षु इन्द्र गिर्वणः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
मत्स्वा॑ सुशिप्र हरिव॒स्तदी॑महे॒ त्वे आ भू॑षन्ति वे॒धसः॑ ।
तव॒ श्रवां॑स्युप॒मान्यु॒क्थ्या॑ सु॒तेष्वि॑न्द्र गिर्वणः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - नृमेधः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
म᳓त्स्वा सुशिप्र हरिवस् त᳓द् ईमहे
त्वे᳓ आ᳓ भूषन्ति वेध᳓सः
त᳓व श्र᳓वांसि उपमा᳓नि उक्थि᳓या
सुते᳓षु इन्द्र गिर्वणः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
Morph
harivaḥ ← hárivant- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
īmahe ← √yā- 2 (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
mátsva ← √mad- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:MED}
suśipra ← suśiprá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
tát ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
bhūṣanti ← √bhūṣ- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
tvé ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:LOC, number:SG}
vedhásaḥ ← vedhás- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
śrávāṁsi ← śrávas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
táva ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:SG}
ukthyā̀ ← ukthyà- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
upamā́ni ← upamá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
girvaṇaḥ ← gírvaṇas- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
sutéṣu ← √su- (root)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}
पद-पाठः
मत्स्व॑ । सु॒ऽशि॒प्र॒ । ह॒रि॒ऽवः॒ । तत् । ई॒म॒हे॒ । त्वे इति॑ । आ । भू॒ष॒न्ति॒ । वे॒धसः॑ ।
तव॑ । श्रवां॑सि । उ॒प॒ऽमानि॑ । उ॒क्थ्या॑ । सु॒तेषु॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । गि॒र्व॒णः॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- matsvā ← matsva ← mad
- [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
- “rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”
- suśipra ← su
- [adverb]
- “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
- suśipra ← śipra ← śiprā
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “lip; śiprā.”
- harivas ← harivat
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- tad ← tat ← tad
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- īmahe ← ī ← √i
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “beg; solicit.”
- tve ← tvad
- [noun], locative, singular
- “you.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- bhūṣanti ← bhūṣ
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “endeavor; attend; strive.”
- vedhasaḥ ← vedhas
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “Brahma; creator; believer [worshipper]; Vishnu.”
- tava ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- śravāṃsy ← śravāṃsi ← śravas
- [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
- “fame; glory; ear.”
- upamāny ← upamāni ← upama
- [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
- “best; topmost.”
- ukthyā ← ukthya
- [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
- “applaudable.”
- suteṣv ← suteṣu ← suta
- [noun], locative, plural, masculine
- “Soma.”
- indra
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- girvaṇaḥ ← girvaṇas
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे सुशिप्र शोभनहनो शोभनोष्णीषिन् वा हरिवः अश्ववन् गिर्वणः गीर्भिर्वननीय इन्द्र त्वे त्वयि वेधसः परिचारकाः आ भूषन्ति आभवन्ति । मत्स्व सोमेन मादयात्मानम् । किंच तत् त्वां वयम् ईमहे याचामहे । किं याच्यमित्यत्राह। सुतेषु सोमेष्वभिषुतेषु सत्सु तव श्रवांसि अन्नानि उपमानि उपमानभूतानि उक्थ्या प्रशंस्यानि च सन्त्विति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Handsome-jawed lord of steeds, rejoice (in the libation); we pray to you, your votaries come to youIndra, worthy of praise, may your food be a pattern and excellent.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Upamāni = upamāna bhūtāni,magnificent
Jamison Brereton
Become exhilarated, you well-lipped possessor of the fallow bays: we beseech you for this. The ritual adepts attend to you.
Yours are the utmost claims to fame deserving of hymns at our pressings, o Indra who yearn for song.
Griffith
Lord of Bay Steeds, fair-helmed, rejoice thee: this we crave. Here the disposers wait on thee.
Thy loftiest glories claim our lauds beside the juice, O Indra, Lover of the Song.
Geldner
Berausche dich, du schönlippiger Falbenfahrer, darum bitten wir. Auf dich warten die Meister; deine höchsten Ruhmestaten sind bei Soma zu preisen, lobbegehrender Indra.
Grassmann
Berausch dich, Schlürfer, Füchse-Herr, das wünschen wir; die Ordner sind gewärtig dein, Dein höchster Ruhm ist bei den Opfern preisenswerth, o Indra, der du Lieder liebst.
Elizarenkova
Опьяняйся, о прекрасногубый, о хозяин буланых коней, мы просим об этом.
Тебе служат устроители обряда.
Твои высшие славные дела достойны провозглашения
При выжатых соках (сомы), о Индра, жаждущий песен.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- नृमेधः
- बृहती
- गान्धारः
03 श्रायन्त इव - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
श्रा᳓यन्त᳓ +++(=श्रयन्तः)+++ +++(रश्मयः)+++ इ᳓व᳓ सू᳓र्यम् वि᳓श्वा᳓ इ᳓त् इ᳓न्द्रस्य भक्षत।
व᳓सूनि जाते᳓ ज᳓नमा᳓ने᳓ +++(=जनिष्यमाणे)+++ ओ᳓जसा प्रति +++(पित्र्यं)+++ भागं᳓ न᳓ दीधिम +++(=धारयेम)+++ ।।
+++(अन्तिमपादे सामवेदे व्यत्ययः।)+++
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
श्राय॑न्त इव॒ सूर्यं॒ विश्वेदिन्द्र॑स्य भक्षत ।
वसू॑नि जा॒ते जन॑मान॒ ओज॑सा॒ प्रति॑ भा॒गं न दी॑धिम ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - नृमेधः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
श्रा᳓यन्त इव सू᳓रियं
वि᳓श्वे᳓द् इ᳓न्द्रस्य भक्षत
व᳓सूनि जाते᳓ ज᳓नमान ओ᳓जसा
प्र᳓ति भागं᳓ न᳓ दीधिम
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
iva ← iva (invariable)
śrā́yantaḥ ← √śrā- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
sū́ryam ← sū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
bhakṣata ← √bhaj- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:MED}
índrasya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
ít ← ít (invariable)
víśvā ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
jánamāne ← √janⁱ- (root)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
jāté ← √janⁱ- (root)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
ójasā ← ójas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}
vásūni ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
bhāgám ← bhāgá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
dīdhima ← √dhī- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
ná ← ná (invariable)
práti ← práti (invariable)
पद-पाठः
श्राय॑न्तःऽइव । सूर्य॑म् । विश्वा॑ । इत् । इन्द्र॑स्य । भ॒क्ष॒त॒ ।
वसू॑नि । जा॒ते । जन॑माने । ओज॑सा । प्रति॑ । भा॒गम् । न । दी॒धि॒म॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- śrāyanta ← śrāyantaḥ ← śrī
- [verb noun], nominative, plural
- “cook; boil; heat; cook; mix.”
- iva
- [adverb]
- “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
- sūryaṃ ← sūryam ← sūrya
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
- viśved ← viśvā ← viśva
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
- viśved ← id
- [adverb]
- “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
- indrasya ← indra
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- bhakṣata ← bhaj
- [verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “eat; enjoy; enter (a state); worship; love; flee; possess; fall to one’s share; partake; share; get; approach; love; use.”
- vasūni ← vasu
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
- jāte ← jan
- [verb noun], locative, singular
- “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
- janamāna ← janamāne ← jan
- [verb noun], locative, singular
- “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
- ojasā ← ojas
- [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
- “strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”
- prati
- [adverb]
- “towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”
- bhāgaṃ ← bhāgam ← bhāga
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “part; part; part; parcel; quarter; body part; location; region; allotment; part; numerator; division; application; function; outside; bhāga [word]; volume; helping.”
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- dīdhima ← _ ← √_
- [?]
- “_”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे अस्मदीया जनाः श्रायन्तइव सूर्यं यथा समाश्रिता रश्मयः सूर्यं भजन्ते तथा इन्द्रस्य विश्वेत् विश्वान्येव धनानि भक्षत भजत । स च यानि वसूनि धनानि जाते उत्पन्ने जनमाने जनिष्यमाणे च ओजसा बलेन करोति भागं न पित्र्यं भागमिव तानि धनानि प्रति दीधिम प्रतिधारयामेति । यद्वा । श्रयन्तइव सूर्यं यथा समाश्रिता रश्मयः सूर्यमुपतिष्ठन्ते तथेन्द्रस्य विश्वा विश्वानि विभक्तुमिच्छन्तः समाश्रिता मरुत इन्द्रमुपतिष्ठन्त इति शेषः । उपस्थाय च मरुतो वसूनि उदकलक्षणानि धनानि जाते जातीय जनमाने जनिष्यमाणाय च मनुष्याय च ओजसा बलेन भक्षत विभजन्ते । तत्र चास्माकं यो भागस्तं भागम् । नेति संप्रत्यर्थे । प्रतीत्येषोऽन्वित्येतस्य स्थाने । अनु दीधिम वयमनुध्यायाम । तथा च यास्कः - ‘ समाश्रिताः सूर्यमुपतिष्ठन्ते । अपि वोपमार्थे स्यात्सूर्यमिवेन्द्रमुपतिष्ठन्त इति । सर्वाणीन्द्रस्य धनानि विभक्ष्यमाणाः । स यथा धनानि विभजति जाते च जनिष्यमाणे च वयं भागमनुध्यायाम ’ (निरु. ६, ८) इति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“As the gathering (rays) proceed to the son, so (the Maruts proceed) to Indra, and by their power divideall his treasures among those who have been or will be born; may we meditate on our share.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Bhakṣata =bhajata (or, vibhajante?): (O worshippers), as the gathering (rays) proceed to the sun, so do you enjoy all thewealth of Indra; and let us possess like an inheritance the treasures which by his power (he distributes) to himthat has been or will be born;
Alternative: the gathering (rays) proceeding to the sun distribute all Indra’streasures (to living beings, as rain, corn etc.) may we too by our power leave these treasures as an inheritance tohim who has been or will be born
Jamison Brereton
As those who “get cooked” [=become warm/fervent] share in the sun, they share in all (the goods) of Indra.
When he [=the Sun?] who has been born before is being born (again) with strength, we direct our thoughts toward goods, as if toward our share.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The simile in the first pāda of this verse is quite problematic: not only is the image intended quite unclear, but the verbal stem śrāya- in participial śrāyanta(ḥ) (so Pp., Grassmann rather śrāyante) is a near hapax (only here in the RV, other instances in MS I.8.2, TĀr. IV.2.5 = ĀpŚS XV.3.7). Most tr. take it as transitive ‘cooking’ (so Geldner, e.g.); Oldenberg argues that sū́ryam should be the object: “like those cooking the sun, as it were,” while Geldner takes bhakṣata as the governing verb (“As [people] cooking use [nutzen] the sun, they enjoy [geniessen] all [the goods] of Indra” - ‘nutzen’ and ‘geniessen’ must be his alternative tr. of abhakṣata depending on the object).
However, Narten (“Vedic śrīṇāti, gr. κρείων, κρέων,” KZ 100 [1987]: 270-96 = Kl Sch 340-66, cited after latter) points out (p. 342 n. 3) that the stem is elsewhere intrans. with the meaning ‘gar werden’ and tr. the hemistich “wie gar werdende (= sich erhitzende) Leute (Anteil) an der Sonne (haben), so haben sie Anteil an allen (Gütern) des Indra,” flg. a suggestion of Hoffmann’s. The TĀ=ĀpŚS passage explicitly connects “getting done/cooked” with the sun: sūryasya harasā śrāya “become cooked by the glow/heat of the sun.” The Narten-Hoffmann interpretation is followed here, though I am still somewhat puzzled both about the content of the simile and about its relevance to the frame. For the first, getting cooked does not usually require the mediation of the sun but rather of fire, so literally “having a share in the sun” at best ought to mean the “share” of the sun that is actually fire. This is not terribly satisfactory, so, with Narten we must therefore interpret “getting cooked” metaphorically (but not too metaphorically), as indicating heated or excited people whose state is likened to heating by the sun. But even with this interpretation of the simile, there seem far less tortuous ways to indicate that people share in Indra’s goods than to compare this to heated-up people sharing in the sun. However, the transitive interpretations do not improve the sense: Oldenberg’s cooking the sun would require quite a lot of metaphor to rescue it, and the same problem with Narten’s interpretation - that cooking doesn’t require the sun - affects Geldner’s transitive version.
The only reason I can see for the sun to make this distinctly odd appearance in the simile of pāda a is to prepare us for its implicit appearance in the second hemistich. With Geldner I assume that the subject of the loc. absol. in c is the sun, which is born every day, and whose “birth” at dawn sets the early morning ritual in motion, the rite at which the dakṣiṇās are distributed. Geldner suggests that jāté jánamāne is metri causa for an āmreḍita jāté-jāte, but this seems unlikely. This is the only occurrence of the middle participle to jána- and indeed one of the only middle forms of this rare 1st class pres. stem (most of the others are -anta 3rd plurals that are re-marked actives; see Jamison “Voice Fluctuation in the Rig Veda: Medial 3rd plural -anta in Active Paradigms”, IIJ 21 [1979] 146-69). I would hesitate to suppose that a Rigvedic poet would create a new participial stem simply to avoid a metrical problem. Instead I think he is making a temporal point: the sun has been born previous (jāté) and when he is being born again, that is, at the moment the ritual commences, we think about the goods that will come to us in the ritual.
Note that bhakṣata of the first hemistich is reprised by a nominal derivative of √bhaj, bhāgám, in the second, and that the “goods” that need to be supplied in ab are present as vásūni in c. This interdependence of the two half-verses supports the notion that the sū́ryam of a is a pretaste of the unexpressed sun of c. The next pragātha, vss. 5-6, may show the same covert interdependence; see disc. ad 5c.
Griffith
Turning, as ’twere, to meet the Sun, enjoy from Indra all good things.
When he who will be born is born with power we look to treasures as our heritage.
Geldner
Wie die Kochenden die Sonne nutzen, so genießen sie alle Götter des Indra. So oft die Sonne mit Kraft geboren ist, erwarten wir die Güter wie unseren Anteil.
Grassmann
Sich wendend wie zur Sonne hin empfangen Indra’s Güter sie; Wenn der geborne neu geboren wird mit Kraft, fällt alles uns als Erbtheil zu.
Elizarenkova
Словно греющиеся – солнце,
Они используют все (блага) Индры.
(Каждый раз,) когда он благодаря силе родился и рождается,
Мы представляем себе блага как (нашу) долю.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- नृमेधः
- निचृद्बृहती
- गान्धारः
04 अनर्शरातिं वसुदामुप - सतो बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
अ᳓नर्शरातिं +++(=अपापकदानम्)+++ वसुदा᳓म् +++(इन्द्रम्)+++ उ᳓प᳓ स्तु᳓हि᳓ भद्रा᳓ इ᳓न्द्रस्य रात᳓यः᳓ +++(=दानानि)+++ ।
सो᳓+++(यो)+++ अस्य का᳓मं विधतो᳓ +++(=परिचरतो)+++ न᳓ रोषति म᳓नो दाना᳓य चोद᳓यन् ।।
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
अन॑र्शरातिं वसु॒दामुप॑ स्तुहि भ॒द्रा इन्द्र॑स्य रा॒तयः॑ ।
सो अ॑स्य॒ कामं॑ विध॒तो न रो॑षति॒ मनो॑ दा॒नाय॑ चो॒दय॑न् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - नृमेधः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
अ᳓नर्शरातिं वसुदा᳓म् उ᳓प स्तुहि
भद्रा᳓ इ᳓न्द्रस्य रात᳓यः
सो᳓ अस्य का᳓मं विधतो᳓ न᳓ रोषति
म᳓नो दाना᳓य चोद᳓यन्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
genre M
genre M
Morph
ánarśarātim ← ánarśarāti- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
stuhi ← √stu- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
úpa ← úpa (invariable)
vasudā́m ← vasudā́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
bhadrā́ḥ ← bhadrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
índrasya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
rātáyaḥ ← rātí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
kā́mam ← kā́ma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
ná ← ná (invariable)
roṣati ← √ruṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
sáḥ ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
vidhatáḥ ← √vidh- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
codáyan ← √cud- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
dānā́ya ← dāná- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
mánaḥ ← mánas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
अन॑र्शऽरातिम् । व॒सु॒ऽदाम् । उप॑ । स्तु॒हि॒ । भ॒द्राः । इन्द्र॑स्य । रा॒तयः॑ ।
सः । अ॒स्य॒ । काम॑म् । वि॒ध॒तः । न । रो॒ष॒ति॒ । मनः॑ । दा॒नाय॑ । चो॒दय॑न् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- anarśarātiṃ ← anarśarātim ← anarśarāti
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- vasudām ← vasu
- [noun], neuter
- “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
- vasudām ← dām ← dā
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “giving.”
- upa
- [adverb]
- “towards; on; next.”
- stuhi ← stu
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “laud; praise; declare; stu.”
- bhadrā ← bhadrāḥ ← bhadra
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “auspicious; lovely; good; happy; bhadra [word]; lucky; fine-looking; beautiful.”
- indrasya ← indra
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- rātayaḥ ← rāti
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “gift; bounty; favor.”
- so ← saḥ ← tad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- asya ← idam
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
- kāmaṃ ← kāmam ← kāma
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “wish; desire; sexual love; sexual desire; desire; Kama; sensuality; love; purpose; sexual arousal; pleasure; enjoyment; licentiousness; kāma [word]; sexual intercourse; thorn apple; wish.”
- vidhato ← vidhataḥ ← vidh
- [verb noun], genitive, singular
- “worship; offer.”
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- roṣati ← ruṣ
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “anger.”
- mano ← manaḥ ← manas
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”
- dānāya ← dāna
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- codayan ← coday ← √cud
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “impel; drive; incite; command; drive; arouse; propel.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे स्तोतः अनर्शरातिम् अपापकदानम् । अपापिष्ठस्य दातारमित्यर्थः। तथा च यास्कः – ‘ अनर्शरातिमनश्लीलदानमश्लीलं पापकम्’ (निरु. ६. २३) इति । वसुदां धनस्य दातारमिन्द्रम् उप स्तुहि । यतः इन्द्रस्य रातयः दानानि भद्राः कल्याणानि । महदैश्वर्यकारीणीत्यर्थः । यतश्च सः इन्द्रः स्वकीयं मनः दानाय अभीष्टप्रदानाय चोदयन् प्रेरयन् विधतः परिचरतः अस्य स्तोतुः कामम् इच्छां न रोषति न हिनस्ति ।
Wilson
English translation:
“Praise him the bestower of wealth, whose gifts are never evil; Indra’s gifts are fortunate; he directs hismind to the gift and mars not the desire of his worshipper.”
Jamison Brereton
Praise the giver of goods, whose presents are not harmful. The presents of Indra are beneficial.
He does not take umbrage at the desire of a man who does honor, as he bestirs his mind for giving.
Jamison Brereton Notes
in the next hymn.
Geldner renders the phrase aśastihā́janitā́as “der die Hohnreden niederschlägt und hervorruft”; that is, he construes the 1st compound member aśasti- also with janitā́, flg. Sāyaṇa’s gloss of janitā́as asurebhyo ‘śastīnāṃ janayitā, and also ascribes an aberrant meaning to √jan, ‘call out, evoke’. It is certainly true that the normal value of √jan, ‘beget’, seems somewhat out of place in this otherwise hostile context, but I am reluctant to push both the syntax and the semantics as far as Geldner’s interpretation requires. I think rather that Indra’s general positive role as cosmic begetter is being alluded to, in addition to his specific role as all-victorious dominator. In fact, the paired verse in this pragātha may give us the clue. In 6ab Heaven and Earth (the underlying referents of the dual kṣoṇī́) run after Indra “like two parents after their child” (śíśuṃ ná mātárā), which reverses an image found elsewhere of Indra as the begetter of Heaven and Earth, as in VIII.36.4 janitā́divó janitā́pṛthivyā́ḥ. In other words, I think we should read janitā́in 5c pregnantly, as “begetter (of Heaven and Earth)” in opposition to 6ab, where Indra is the child and Heaven and Earth the parents. Alternatively, the pregnant usage might be “begetter (of all),” with viśvaborrowed from the first member of the following compound viśvatū́r. Watkins (Dragon, 345) roughly follows the Geldner interpretation, though with more persuasive semantics: “you smash the un-song (for the loser) and engender (it for the winner)”; presumably the parenthetic “it” should be not the “un-song,” but its de-negated counterpart, śastí- ‘laud, praise’.
I tr. taruṣyant- as a pseudo-desiderative, contra Geldner (Wettstreiter, sim. Grassmann).
The stem is a hapax, and its formation isn’t entirely clear. But the most orthodox way to explain it is as a denominative to tárus-, ‘power/desire to overcome’; since ‘seeking’ is a standard sense associated with -yá-denominatives, a desiderative sense is certainly possible.
Griffith
Praise him who sends us wealth, whose bounties injure none: good are the gifts which Indra. grants.
He is not worth with one who satisfies his wish: he turns his mind to giving boons.
Geldner
Preise den Gutschenker, der seine Gaben nicht verschließet! Ersprießlich sind des Indra Gaben. Nicht nimmt er den Wunsch dieses Verehrers übel, da er den Sinn des Gönners zum Geben ermuntert.
Grassmann
Ihn preise, der nichts schlimmes gibt, der Güter schenkt, des Indra Gaben sind voll Heil; Nicht weist er dieses frommen Mannes Wunsch zurück, zum Geben schärfend seinen Sinn.
Elizarenkova
Восхваляй дарителя благ, чей дар не ранит!
Благодатны дары Индры.
Он не отвергает желания своего почитателя,
Побуждая дух к дарению.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- नृमेधः
- पङ्क्तिः
- पञ्चमः
05 त्वमिन्द्र प्रतूर्तिष्वभि - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
तुव᳓म् इन्द्र प्र᳓तूर्तिषु
अभि᳓ वि᳓श्वा असि स्पृ᳓धः
अशस्तिहा᳓ जनिता᳓ विश्वतू᳓र् असि
तुवं᳓ तूर्य तरुष्यतः᳓
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
त्वमि॑न्द्र॒ प्रतू॑र्तिष्व॒भि विश्वा॑ असि॒ स्पृधः॑ ।
अ॒श॒स्ति॒हा ज॑नि॒ता वि॑श्व॒तूर॑सि॒ त्वं तू॑र्य तरुष्य॒तः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - नृमेधः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
तुव᳓म् इन्द्र प्र᳓तूर्तिषु
अभि᳓ वि᳓श्वा असि स्पृ᳓धः
अशस्तिहा᳓ जनिता᳓ विश्वतू᳓र् असि
तुवं᳓ तूर्य तरुष्यतः᳓
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
prátūrtiṣu ← prátūrti- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}
tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}
abhí ← abhí (invariable)
asi ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
spŕ̥dhaḥ ← spŕ̥dh- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
víśvāḥ ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
aśastihā́ ← aśastihán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
asi ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
janitā́ ← janitár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
viśvatū́ḥ ← viśvatúr- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
taruṣyatáḥ ← √taruṣy- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
tūrya ← √tūr(v)- ~ tur- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
त्वम् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । प्रऽतू॑र्तिषु । अ॒भि । विश्वाः॑ । अ॒सि॒ । स्पृधः॑ ।
अ॒श॒स्ति॒ऽहा । ज॒नि॒ता । वि॒श्व॒ऽतूः । अ॒सि॒ । त्वम् । तू॒र्य॒ । त॒रु॒ष्य॒तः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- tvam ← tvad
- [noun], nominative, singular
- “you.”
- indra
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- pratūrtiṣv ← pratūrtiṣu ← pratūrti
- [noun], locative, plural, feminine
- abhi
- [adverb]
- “towards; on.”
- viśvā ← viśvāḥ ← viśva
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
- asi ← as
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- spṛdhaḥ ← spṛdh
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “adversary; enemy; rival.”
- aśastihā ← aśasti
- [noun], feminine
- “hex.”
- aśastihā ← hā ← han
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “killing; curative; destroying; removing; māraka; stabbing.”
- janitā ← jan
- [verb], singular, periphrast. future
- “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
- viśvatūr ← viśvatur
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- asi ← as
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
- [noun], nominative, singular
- “you.”
- tūrya ← tṛ
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “traverse; overcome; float; rescue; reach; satisfy.”
- taruṣyataḥ ← taruṣy
- [verb noun], accusative, plural
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे इन्द्र त्वं प्रतूर्तिषु संग्रामेषु विश्वाः सर्वाः स्पृधः युद्धकारिणीः शत्रुसेनाः अभि असि अभिभवसि । किंच हे तूर्य शत्रूणां बाधकेन्द्र त्वम् अशस्तिहा दैव्यानामशस्तीनां हन्ता असि । जनिता असुरेभ्योऽशस्तीनां जनयिता चासि । विश्वतूः सर्वस्य शत्रुवर्गस्य हिंसिता चासि । तरुष्यतः बाधकांश्च बाधमानोऽसि ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Indra, you conquer in battles all opposing hosts; O opposer who beat down those who would opposeyou are the smiter of the wicked, the bringer (of evil to your enemies), and the destroyer of all.”
Jamison Brereton
O Indra, at the battle-charges you dominate all contenders.
You are the smiter of maledictions, the begetter, the all-overcomer.
Overcome those who seek to overcome.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The lexeme abhí √bhū ‘dominate’, in play in the previous two hymns (VIII.97.9c, 10a, 98.2a, 5ab), is matched by synonymous abhí √as here. See also
05-06 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
This pragātha is tightly bound lexically. Note first víśvāḥ spṛ́dhaḥ in both 5a and 6c. But more striking are the six occurrences of the root √tari : prátūrtiṣu (5a), (viśva-)tū́r (5c), tūrya taruṣyataḥ (5d), turáyantam (6a), tūrvasi (6d). In this group not a single stem is repeated: there are two different nominal stems and four different verbal stems. (See also átūrtam in 7d, to yet another stem.) On the formulaic use of this root and its Indo-European background, see Watkins, Dragon 344-46.
Griffith
Thou in thy battles, Indra, art subduer of all hostile bands.
Father art thou, aIl-conquering, cancelling the curse, thou victor of the vanquisher.
Geldner
Du, Indra, bist bei den Vorstößen allen Gegnern überlegen. Du bist es, der die Hohnreden niederschlägt und hervorruft, der Allüberholende. Überhole du die Wettstreiter!
Grassmann
In Schlachten überwindest du, o Indra, aller Feinde Schar, Den Bösen schlagend, allbesiegend, Vater du, die kämpfenden bezwinge nun.
Elizarenkova
Ты, Индра, в атаках
Превосходишь всех противников.
Уничтожая проклятия, ты порождаешь (проклятия), все побеждая.
Победи ты тех, кто хочет победить!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- नृमेधः
- पाद्निचृद्बृहती
- गान्धारः
06 अनु ते - सतो बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
अ᳓नु ते शु᳓ष्मं तुर᳓यन्तम् ईयतुः
क्षोणी᳓ शि᳓शुं न᳓ मात᳓रा
वि᳓श्वास् ते स्पृ᳓धः श्नथयन्त† मन्य᳓वे
वृत्रं᳓ य᳓द् इन्द्र तू᳓र्वसि
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
अनु॑ ते॒ शुष्मं॑ तु॒रय॑न्तमीयतुः क्षो॒णी शिशुं॒ न मा॒तरा॑ ।
विश्वा॑स्ते॒ स्पृधः॑ श्नथयन्त म॒न्यवे॑ वृ॒त्रं यदि॑न्द्र॒ तूर्व॑सि ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - नृमेधः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
अ᳓नु ते शु᳓ष्मं तुर᳓यन्तम् ईयतुः
क्षोणी᳓ शि᳓शुं न᳓ मात᳓रा
वि᳓श्वास् ते स्पृ᳓धः श्नथयन्त† मन्य᳓वे
वृत्रं᳓ य᳓द् इन्द्र तू᳓र्वसि
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ánu ← ánu (invariable)
īyatuḥ ← √i- 1 (root)
{number:DU, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
śúṣmam ← śúṣma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
turáyantam ← √tvarⁱ- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
kṣoṇī́ ← kṣoṇí- ~ kṣoṇī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}
mātárā ← mātár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}
ná ← ná (invariable)
śíśum ← śíśu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
manyáve ← manyú- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
spŕ̥dhaḥ ← spŕ̥dh- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
śrathayanta * ← √śrathⁱ- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
víśvāḥ ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
tū́rvasi ← √tūr(v)- ~ tur- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
vr̥trám ← vr̥trá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
अनु॑ । ते॒ । शुष्म॑म् । तु॒रय॑न्तम् । ई॒य॒तुः॒ । क्षो॒णी इति॑ । शिशु॑म् । न । मा॒तरा॑ ।
विश्वाः॑ । ते॒ । स्पृधः॑ । श्न॒थ॒य॒न्त॒ । म॒न्यवे॑ । वृ॒त्रम् । यत् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । तूर्व॑सि ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- anu
- [adverb]
- “subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- śuṣmaṃ ← śuṣmam ← śuṣma
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “vigor; energy; fire; hiss; courage.”
- turayantam ← turay ← √tṛ
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- īyatuḥ ← i
- [verb], dual, Perfect indicative
- “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
- kṣoṇī
- [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
- “Earth.”
- śiśuṃ ← śiśum ← śiśu
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “child; young; baby; śiśu [word]; Śiśu; male child; fetus.”
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- mātarā ← mātṛ
- [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
- “mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
- viśvās ← viśvāḥ ← viśva
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- spṛdhaḥ ← spṛdh
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “adversary; enemy; rival.”
- śnathayanta ← śnathay ← √śnath
- [verb], plural, Present injunctive
- “kill.”
- manyave ← manyu
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “anger; fury; rage; wrath.”
- vṛtraṃ ← vṛtram ← vṛtra
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
- yad ← yat
- [adverb]
- “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
- indra
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- tūrvasi ← tūrv
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “overpower.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे इन्द्र ते तव शुष्मं बलं तुरयन्तं हिंसन्तं शत्रुं क्षोणी द्यावापृथिव्यौ मातरा मातरौ शिशुं न शिशुमिव अनु ईयतुः अनुगच्छतः । गमनमात्रे दृष्टान्तः । किंच हे इन्द्र त्वं यत् यस्मात् वृत्रं शत्रुं तूर्वसि हंसि अतः ते तव मन्यवे क्रोधाय विश्वाः सर्वाः स्पृधः संग्रामकारिण्यः सेनाः श्रथयन्त श्रथिताः खिन्ना भवन्ति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Heaven and earth follow your destructive energy as mothers their child; since you smite Vṛtra, all thehostile hosts, Indra, faint at your wrath.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Faint: śnathayanta = to kill; sratha yanta = khinnā bhavanti, they arewearied affected
Jamison Brereton
The two “opponents” [=Heaven and Earth] follow after your gusting in its headlong rush, like two parents after their child.
All contenders go slack before your battle fury, when you overcome
Vr̥tra, Indra.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Following Thieme (KZ 92 [1978] 46), kṣoṇi- is literally a ‘shout’ or ‘warcry’. But in the dual it evolves to refer to Heaven and Earth, presumably by way of the long semantic chain ‘(two) opposing war-cries’ à ‘opponents’ à complementary pair à the archetypal complementary pair, i.e. Heaven and Earth.
Though both duals, pitárā and mātárā, can refer to both parents, it is surely no accident that in this tender image of childhood it’s literally “the two mothers” rather than “the two fathers” who pursue the errant toddler.
With Grassmann and Oldenberg I read *śrathayanta for śnathayanta (√śnath ‘pierce’), flg.
Sāyaṇa and the Kashmir ms; see Oldenberg ad loc. Although Geldner retains śnathayanta, in his note he allows for the possibility of the variant reading. As Oldenberg points out, the rhyming śnath form could have been introduced because of the mention of enemies. _________ 07-08 The verb havāmahe of 8c must be read with both verses (so also Geldner) and is a mark of the unity of the pragātha. This pragātha is, furthermore, cunningly constructed, with a number of rhetorical pairs: variants on “X and non-X” are found in 7b prahetā́raṃ áprahitam and 8a iṣkartā́ram ániṣkṛtam, both pairs with the same morphological structure; adjacent rhyming agent nouns jétāram and hétāram in 7c join the other two agent nouns just cited, though with different accent; the negated ppl. átūrtam in 7d (whose root links it to vss. 5-6) matches previously cited áprahitam and ániṣkṛtam; there are several pairs of adjacent compounds with one identical member: ániṣkṛtaṃ sáhaskṛtam (8a) and śatámūtiṃ śatákratum (8b), as well as the pair vásavānaṃ vasūjúvam (8d) with the first an -āna-formation built to vasuwith full-grade of the suffix (for which type see AiG II.2.275); and the second member of śatám-ūtim (8b) picks up ūtī́(7a), whatever the source of the latter (see below). It may also be that the sequence in 7c … jétāraṃ hétāraṃ rathī́tamam playfully evokes a sequence of two comparatives in -tara- culminating in a superlative.
The phrase itá ūtī́(also, as itá ūtī́ḥ I.119.8, I.130.5) cannot be separated from the compound itáūti- (6x). The latter has an apparent Oldenberg Avestan cognate utaiiūiti- ‘youthfulness’, probably containing a *yūti- related to yúvan- ‘youth’. The Vedic compound clearly lost its transparency and has undergone some deformation, resulting, finally, in the folk-etymology “help from here / from then on” represented by the phrasal itá ūtí-. Both the compound and the phrase can co-occur with ajára- ‘unaging’ as here; see also I.146.2, X.31.7. For disc. and lit. see EWA s.v. itáūti-.
Here in this Anhangslied it is likely that ūtí- ‘help’ has captured the de-compounded phrase, but that the phrase is still associated with the notion of constancy, hence my compromise “with enduring help.” Geldner tr. “zu eurem unmittelbaren (immediate) Beistand,” but in n. allows “den durch Fortdauer (oder Verjüngung) Alterlosen.”
05-06 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
This pragātha is tightly bound lexically. Note first víśvāḥ spṛ́dhaḥ in both 5a and 6c. But more striking are the six occurrences of the root √tari : prátūrtiṣu (5a), (viśva-)tū́r (5c), tūrya taruṣyataḥ (5d), turáyantam (6a), tūrvasi (6d). In this group not a single stem is repeated: there are two different nominal stems and four different verbal stems. (See also átūrtam in 7d, to yet another stem.) On the formulaic use of this root and its Indo-European background, see Watkins, Dragon 344-46.
Griffith
The Earth and Heaven clung close to thy victorious might as to their calf two mother-cows.
When thou attackest Vrtra all the hostile bands shrink and faint, Indra, at thy wrath.
Geldner
Deinem Mute, dem vorwärtsstürmenden, sind die beiden Heerscharen wie zwei Mütter dem Jungen gefolgt. Alle deine Gegner werden deinem Zorn anheimfallend niedergestreckt, wenn du, Indra, den Vritra, den Feind, überwindest.
Grassmann
Die beiden Fluten eilen seiner Siegerkraft wie Aeltern ihrem Kinde nach und alle Feinde weichen deinem Zorne aus, wenn Indra du den Vritra schlägst.
Elizarenkova
За твоим рвущимся вперед неистовством последовали
Два войска, словно две матери за ребенком.
Все твои противники слабеют перед (твоей) яростью,
Когда, о Индра, ты побеждаешь Вритру.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- नृमेधः
- पङ्क्तिः
- पञ्चमः
07 इत ऊती - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
इत᳓ ऊती᳓ वो अज᳓रम्
प्रहेता᳓रम् अ᳓प्रहितम्
आशुं᳓ जे᳓तारं हे᳓तारं रथी᳓तमम्
अ᳓तूर्तं तुग्रियावृ᳓धम्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
इ॒त ऊ॒ती वो॑ अ॒जरं॑ प्रहे॒तार॒मप्र॑हितम् ।
आ॒शुं जेता॑रं॒ हेता॑रं र॒थीत॑म॒मतू॑र्तं तुग्र्या॒वृध॑म् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - नृमेधः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
इत᳓ ऊती᳓ वो अज᳓रम्
प्रहेता᳓रम् अ᳓प्रहितम्
आशुं᳓ जे᳓तारं हे᳓तारं रथी᳓तमम्
अ᳓तूर्तं तुग्रियावृ᳓धम्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ajáram ← ajára- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
itás ← itás (invariable)
ūtī́ ← ūtí- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}
vaḥ ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
áprahitam ← áprahita- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
prahetā́ram ← prahetár- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
āśúm ← āśú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
hétāram ← hétar- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
jétāram ← jétar- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
rathī́tamam ← rathī́tama- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
átūrtam ← átūrta- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
tugryāvŕ̥dham ← tugryāvŕ̥dh- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
इ॒तः । ऊ॒ती । वः॒ । अ॒जर॑म् । प्र॒ऽहे॒तार॑म् । अप्र॑ऽहितम् ।
आ॒शुम् । जेता॑रम् । हेता॑रम् । र॒थिऽत॑मम् । अतू॑र्तम् । तु॒ग्र्य॒ऽवृध॑म् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- ita ← itas
- [adverb]
- “from here; therefore.”
- ūtī ← ūti
- [noun], dative, singular, feminine
- “aid; favor; ūti [word].”
- vo ← vaḥ ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, plural
- “you.”
- ajaram ← ajara
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “undecaying; ageless.”
- prahetāram ← prahetṛ
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- aprahitam ← a
- [adverb]
- “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
- aprahitam ← prahitam ← prahi ← √hi
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- “send; hurl; shoot; supply.”
- āśuṃ ← āśum ← āśu
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “quick; fast; immediate; agile.”
- jetāraṃ ← jetāram ← jetṛ
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “curative; victorious.”
- hetāraṃ ← hetāram ← hetṛ
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- rathītamam ← rathītama
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- atūrtaṃ ← a
- [adverb]
- “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
- atūrtaṃ ← tūrtam ← tṛ
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- “traverse; overcome; float; rescue; reach; satisfy.”
- tugryāvṛdham ← tugryāvṛdh
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे अस्मदीयजनाः वः यूयम् अजरं जरारहितं प्रहेतारं शत्रूणां प्रेरकम् अप्रहितं केनाप्यप्रेषितम् आशुं वेगवन्तं जेतारं शत्रूणां हेतारं गन्तारं रथीतमं रथिनां श्रेष्ठम् अतूर्तं केनाप्यहिंसितं तुग्र्यावृधम् उदकस्य वर्धयितारमिन्द्रम् ऊती ऊत्यै रक्षणाय इतः कुरुत । पुरस्कुरुतेति यावत् ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“(Worshippers), summon here for protecting him who never grows old, the repeller (of enemies), himselfnever expelled, the swift conqueror, the driver, the best of charioteers, unharmed of any, the augmenter of water.”
Jamison Brereton
For you (people) (we invoke) the one with enduring help, the unaging driver who cannot be driven,
the swift victor, impeller, best of charioteers, the strengthener of the
Tugryas who cannot be overcome—
Griffith
Bring to your aid the Eternal One, who shoots and none may shoot at him,
Inciter, swift, victorious, best of Charioteers. Tugrya’s unvanquished Strengthener;
Geldner
Zu eurem unmittelbaren Beistand rufen wir den Alterlosen, den Ansporner, der keines Ansporns bedarf, den schnellen Sieger, den Antreiber, den besten Fahrer, den nie Überholten, den Förderer des Tugrasohnes;
Grassmann
Zieht her zum Schutz den ewigen, den ungetriebnen Treiber euch, Den raschen Sieger, schnellsten Rossestachler ihn, den unbesiegten, Bhudschju’s Freund.
Elizarenkova
(Мы зовем) тут вам на помощь нестареющего
Побудителя, которого не надо побуждать,
Стремительного победителя, поощрителя, лучшего из колесничих,
Которого не догнать, покровителя сына Тугры.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- नृमेधः
- निचृद्बृहती
- गान्धारः
08 इष्कर्तारमनिष्कृतं सहस्कृतम् - सतो बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
इष्कर्ता᳓रम् अ᳓निष्कृतं स᳓हस्कृतं
शत᳓मूतिं शत᳓क्रतुम्
समान᳓म् इ᳓न्द्रम् अ᳓वसे हवामहे
व᳓सवानं वसूजु᳓वम्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
इ॒ष्क॒र्तार॒मनि॑ष्कृतं॒ सह॑स्कृतं श॒तमू॑तिं श॒तक्र॑तुम् ।
स॒मा॒नमिन्द्र॒मव॑से हवामहे॒ वस॑वानं वसू॒जुव॑म् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - नृमेधः
- छन्दः - सतो बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
इष्कर्ता᳓रम् अ᳓निष्कृतं स᳓हस्कृतं
शत᳓मूतिं शत᳓क्रतुम्
समान᳓म् इ᳓न्द्रम् अ᳓वसे हवामहे
व᳓सवानं वसूजु᳓वम्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Archaic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ániṣkr̥tam ← ániṣkr̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
iṣkartā́ram ← iṣkartár- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
sáhaskr̥tam ← sáhaskr̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
śatákratum ← śatákratu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
śatámūtim ← śatámūti- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
ávase ← ávas- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}
havāmahe ← √hū- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
índram ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
samānám ← samāná- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
vásavānam ← vásavāna- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
vasūjúvam ← vasūjū́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
इ॒ष्क॒र्तार॑म् । अनिः॑ऽकृतम् । सहः॑ऽकृतम् । श॒तम्ऽऊ॑तिम् । श॒तऽक्र॑तुम् ।
स॒मा॒नम् । इन्द्र॑म् । अव॑से । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ । वस॑वानम् । व॒सु॒ऽजुव॑म् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- iṣkartāram ← iṣkartṛ
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- aniṣkṛtaṃ ← a
- [adverb]
- “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
- aniṣkṛtaṃ ← niṣkṛtam ← niṣkṛ ← √kṛ
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- “produce; remove.”
- sahaskṛtaṃ ← sahaskṛtam ← sahaskṛt
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- śatamūtiṃ ← śatamūtim ← śatamūti
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- śatakratum ← śatakratu
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “Indra.”
- samānam ← samāna
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “like; identical; common; like; alike(p); same; samāna [word]; akin(p); comparable; identical; mutual; equal.”
- indram ← indra
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- avase ← av
- [verb noun]
- “support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”
- havāmahe ← hvā
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “raise; call on; call; summon.”
- vasavānaṃ ← vasavānam ← vasavāna
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- vasūjuvam ← vasūjū
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
सायण-भाष्यम्
इष्कर्तारं शत्रूणां संस्कर्तारम् अनिष्कृतं स्वयमन्यैरसंस्कृतं सहस्कृतं बलेन कृतं शतमूतिं बहुरक्षणं शतक्रतुं बहुप्रज्ञं बहुकर्माणं वा समानं बहूनां साधारणं वसवानं धनान्याच्छादयन्तं वसूजुवं यजमानेभ्यो वसूनां प्रेरयितारम् इन्द्रमवसे रक्षणाय वयं हवामहे ह्वयामः ॥ ॥ ३ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“We solicit for our protection Indra, the consecrator of others but himself consecrated by none, producedby strength, possessing a hundred-fold protection, possessing hundred-fold knowledge, a common deity tomany, hiding treasures in his store-house and sending wealth (to his votaries).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Consecrator: iṣkartāram =yajñaniṣpādakam; ‘satrūṇām saṃskartāram; iṣkartāram aniṣkṛtam, director, yourself undirected
Jamison Brereton
The one who sets right but needs no setting right, made by might, of a hundred forms of help and a hundred resolves,
common (to all)—Indra do we invoke for help, the possessor of goods, speeder of goods.
Griffith
Arranger of things unarranged, e’en Satakratu, source of might,
Indra, the Friend of all, for succour we invoke, Guardian of treasure, sendjng wealth.
Geldner
Den Heilenden, der keiner Heilung bedarf, den Krafterzeugten, der hundert Hilfen, hundert Ratschlüsse hat, den allen gemeinsamen Indra rufen wir zum Beistand, den Schätzebringer, Schätzebringer.
Grassmann
Den kraftgezeugten, ungeschmückten, schmückenden, von hundertfacher Huld und Kraft, Denselben Indra rufen wir zu Hülfe uns, der reich an Gütern Güter bringt.
Elizarenkova
Целителя, не нуждающегося в исцелении, (бога,) созданного силой,
С сотней поддержек, стоумного,
Всеобщего Индру мы зовем на помощь,
Обладателя благ, приносящего блага.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- नृमेधः
- पङ्क्तिः
- पञ्चमः