०९३

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

उ᳓द् घे᳓द् अभि᳓ श्रुता᳓मघं
वृषभं᳓ न᳓रियापसम्
अ᳓स्तारम् एषि सूरिय

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
abhí ← abhí (invariable)

gha ← gha (invariable)

ít ← ít (invariable)

śrutā́magham ← śrutā́magha- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

út ← út (invariable)

náryāpasam ← náryāpas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vr̥ṣabhám ← vr̥ṣabhá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ástāram ← ástar- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

eṣi ← √i- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sūrya ← sū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

उत् । घ॒ । इत् । अ॒भि । श्रु॒तऽम॑घम् । वृ॒ष॒भम् । नर्य॑ऽअपसम् ।
अस्ता॑रम् । ए॒षि॒ । सू॒र्य॒ ॥

• ud
• [adverb]
• “up.”

• ghed ← gha
• [adverb]

• ghed ← id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• śrutāmaghaṃ ← śrutāmagham ← śrutāmagha
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine

• vṛṣabhaṃ ← vṛṣabham ← vṛṣabha
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”

• naryāpasam ← narya
• [noun]
• “manly; heroic; powerful; male; human.”

• naryāpasam ← apasam ← apas
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “work; deed.”

• astāram ← astṛ
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “archer; shot.”

• eṣi ← i
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

• sūrya
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

सुकक्ष इन्द्रगुणानाह । हे सूर्य । द्वादशसु भानुष्विन्द्रोऽपि सूर्यात्मना पठितः । तस्मात्सूर्यात्मक सुवीर्य हे इन्द्र श्रुतमघं सर्वदा देयत्वेन विख्यातधनमत एव वृषभं याचमानानां धनस्य वर्षितारं नर्यापसम् । नरहितं नर्यम् । नरहितकर्माणम् अस्तारं दानशौण्डमौदार्यवन्तमेतादृशानुभावमभितः उत् एषि । इत् अवधारणे । त्वमेव तस्य यज्ञे सूर्यात्मना उद्गतोऽसि। घ इति प्रसिद्धौ ॥

English translation:

“You rise, O sun, on (the sacrifice of Indra) the showerer (of blessings), the bountiful giver, famed for hiswealth, the benefactor of men.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Indra is one of the twelve Ādityas

Up toward the bull whose bounty is famous, who performs manly work, toward the archer do you go, o Sun.

SURYA, thou mountest up to meet the Hero famous for his wealth,
Who hurls the bolt and works for man

Surya, du gehst für den Bullen auf, dessen Gaben berühmt, dessen Werke mannhaft sind, für den Schützen Indra.

Zum schatzberühmten Helden gehst du auf, der Manneswerke wirkt, O Sonne, zu dem Schleuderer.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

न᳓व यो᳓ नवति᳓म् पु᳓रो
बिभे᳓द बाहु᳓ओजसा
अ᳓हिं च वृत्रहा᳓वधीत्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
náva ← náva- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

navatím ← navatí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

púraḥ ← púr- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

bāhvòjasā ← bāhvòjas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

bibhéda ← √bhid- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

áhim ← áhi- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

avadhīt ← √vadhⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

ca ← ca (invariable)

vr̥trahā́ ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

नव॑ । यः । न॒व॒तिम् । पुरः॑ । बि॒भेद॑ । बा॒हुऽओ॑जसा ।
अहि॑म् । च॒ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । अ॒व॒धी॒त् ॥

• nava ← navan
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “nine.”

• yo ← yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• navatim ← navati
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “ninety; navati [word].”

• puro ← puraḥ ← pur
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “fortress; pur [word]; town; purā [indecl.]; mahant.”

• bibheda ← bhid
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “break; incise; burst; divide; cut; cleave; destroy; cure; disturb; lance; break; distinguish; disclose; pierce; tear; separate; transgress; break open; scratch; penetrate; sever; bribe; grind; betray; fester; strike.”

• bāhvojasā ← bāhu
• [noun], masculine
• “arm; bāhu [word]; elbow; forefoot.”

• bāhvojasā ← ojasā ← ojas
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”

• ahiṃ ← ahim ← ahi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “snake; lead; nāga; Nāga; ahi [word]; Vṛtra.”

• ca
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; then; now; even.”

• vṛtrahāvadhīt ← vṛtrahā ← vṛtrahan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• vṛtrahāvadhīt ← avadhīt ← vadh
• [verb], singular, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
• “kill; assail; kick; māray; destroy; beat.”

यः इन्द्रः नव नवतिं नवनवतिसंख्याका एकोनशतसंख्याकाः शम्बरस्य पुरः पुरीः बाह्वोजसा स्वबाहुबलेनैव बिभेद दिवोदासाय भिनत्ति स्म । तथा च मन्त्रः - ‘ दिवोदासाय नवतिं च नवेन्द्रः पुरो व्यैरच्छम्बरस्य’ ( ऋ. सं. २. १९. ६) इति । सः वृत्रहा वृत्रासुरस्य हन्ता स इन्द्रः अहिं च केनाप्यहन्तव्यं मेघमपामावरकं वृत्रं वा अवधीत् । स इन्द्रोऽस्माकं धनं ददात्वित्युत्तरेण संबन्धः ॥

English translation:

“Who cleft the ninety-nine cities by the strength of his arm, and, slayeer of Vṛtra, smote Ahi.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ninety-ninecities: RV. 2.19.6;

Ahi = the cloud

He who split the nine and ninety strongholds with his arm-strong (mace), and as Vr̥tra-smiter smote the serpent,

Geldner (flg. Grassmann) takes bāhvòjasā as an abstract tatpuruṣa (“mit Armes Stärke”), but it has bahuvrīhi accent and the other three occurrences are clearly bahuvrīhis. I follow Oldenberg in so interpreting it and supplying vájra- as the head noun.

The Pp. analyses vṛtrahā́vadhīt as containing an unaccented avadhīt. I prefer to read it with accented ávadhīt, which allows the ca to conjoin two parallel relative clauses. Since in this interpretation the verse consists entirely of relative clauses, it must be dependent on either the preceding or following verse. Either would work, but the presence of an apparently resumptive sá beginning 3a favors the latter.

Him who with might of both his arms brake nine-and-ninety castles down,
Slew Vrtra and smote Ahi dead.

Der die neunundneunzig Burgen gebrochen hat mit Armes Stärke, und der Vritratöter erschlug den Drachen.

Er, der mit seiner Armeskraft die neunundneunzig Burgen brach, Als Vritrafeind die Schlang’ erschlug,

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

स᳓ न इ᳓न्द्रः शिवः᳓ स᳓खा
अ᳓श्वावद् गो᳓मद् य᳓वमत्
उरु᳓धारेव दोहते

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sákhā ← sákhi- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śiváḥ ← śivá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

áśvāvat ← áśvāvant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

gómat ← gómant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

yávamat ← yávamant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

dohate ← √duh- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

iva ← iva (invariable)

urúdhārā ← urúdhāra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}

सः । नः॒ । इन्द्रः॑ । शि॒वः । सखा॑ । अश्व॑ऽवत् । गोऽम॑त् । यव॑ऽमत् ।
उ॒रुधा॑राऽइव । दो॒ह॒ते॒ ॥

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• na ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• indraḥ ← indra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• śivaḥ ← śiva
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “auspicious; benevolent; benign; good-hearted; dear; śiva [word]; holy; nice.”

• sakhāśvāvad ← sakhā ← sakhi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

• sakhāśvāvad ← aśvāvat
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “rich in horses.”

• gomad ← gomat
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “rich in cattle; bovine.”

• yavamat
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter

• urudhāreva ← uru
• [noun]
• “wide; broad; great; uru [word]; much(a); excellent.”

• urudhāreva ← dhārā
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
• “flush; flow; current; spring; fountain.”

• urudhāreva ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• dohate ← duh
• [verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
• “milk.”

सः पूर्वोक्तलक्षणः शिवः कल्याणतमः सखा यष्टृयष्टव्यस्तोतृस्तुत्यलक्षणेन संबन्धेनास्माकं मित्रभूतः एतादृशः इन्द्रः अश्ववत् अश्वयुक्तं गोमत् पश्वादिसहितं यवमत् । ‘ अयवादिभ्यः’ (पा. सू. ८. २. ९) इति प्रतिषेधान्मतुपो वत्वाभावः । यव इति धान्यविशेषः । धान्ययुक्तं धनं नः अस्मभ्यं दोहते दोग्धु ददातु। तत्र दृष्टान्तः । उरुधारेव । दोहनकाले प्रभूतपयोधारा यद्वा बहूनां पोषयित्री गौर्यथा वत्सस्य पयो दोग्धि तथा प्रभूतं धनमस्माकं दोग्धु ददातु । दुहेर्लेट्यडागमः ॥

English translation:

“May Indra, our auspicious friend, milk for us, like a richly-streaming (cow), wealth of horses, kine andbarley.”

That Indra, propitious companion, will milk out for us (wealth) in horses, in cows, in grain,
like (a cow) yielding a broad stream.1194 VIII.93

Slight phonetic figure: sá … śiváḥ sákhā, áśvāvad …

This Indra is our gracious Friend. He sends us in a full broad stream
Riches in horses, kine, and corn.

Dieser liebe Freund Indra möge uns eine Menge Rosse, Rinder, Korn milchen wie eine breitstrahlige Kuh die Milch.

Indra, ergiesst als holder Freund, wie eine Kuh, die reichlich strömt, Uns Gut an Gerste, Ross und Rind.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

य᳓द् अद्य᳓ क᳓च् च वृत्रहन्न्
उद᳓गा अभि᳓ सूरिय
स᳓र्वं त᳓द् इन्द्र ते व᳓शे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
adyá ← adyá (invariable)

ca ← ca (invariable)

kát ← ká- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

vr̥trahan ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

sūrya ← sū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

udágāḥ ← √gā- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

sárvam ← sárva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

tát ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

váśe ← váśa- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

यत् । अ॒द्य । कत् । च॒ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽह॒न् । उ॒त्ऽअगाः॑ । अ॒भि । सू॒र्य॒ ।
सर्व॑म् । तत् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । ते॒ । वशे॑ ॥

• yad ← yat ← yad
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• adya
• [adverb]
• “now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”

• kac ← kad ← ka
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “what; who; ka [pronoun].”

• ca
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; then; now; even.”

• vṛtrahann ← vṛtra
• [noun], masculine
• “Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”

• vṛtrahann ← han
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “killing; curative; destroying; removing; māraka; stabbing.”

• udagā ← udagāḥ ← udgā ← √gā
• [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• sūrya
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

• sarvaṃ ← sarvam ← sarva
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; sarva [word]; every(a); each(a); all; entire; sāṃnipātika; manifold; complete; all the(a); different; overall.”

• tad ← tat ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• vaśe ← vaśa
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “control; dominion; influence; power; Vaśa; vaśa [word]; will; authority; control; wish; supervision.”

हे वृत्रहन् वृत्रस्यापामावरकस्य मेघस्य हन्तः हे सूर्य सूर्यात्मक इन्द्र अद्य अस्मिन् दिने यत् कच्च यत्किंचित्पदार्थजातम् अभि अभिमुखीकृत्य उदगाः । ‘ इण् गतौ । उत्पूर्वः । तस्य लुङि गादेशः। स्वतेजसोद्गतः प्रादुर्भूतोऽसि तदा तत् सर्वं स्थावरजङ्गमात्मकं जगत् ते तव वशे भवति । त्वदधीनं भवति । उदिते सूर्ये त्वदर्थं प्राक्कर्म कुर्वन्ति जुह्वति च ॥

English translation:

“Whatsoever, O Sun, slayr of Vṛtra, you have risen upon today– it is all, Indra, under your power.”

O Vr̥tra-smiter—whatever today you have risen over, o Sun, all that is under your will, Indra.

The two vocatives addressed to Indra, vṛtrahan (a) and indra (c), flank that to the sun (sūrya, b), with the first embedded in a 2nd ps. clause with Sūrya as subject.

Only the unambiguous reference of vṛtrahan to Indra saves it from being applied to Sūrya, but the effect is still somewhat unsettling.

The verb udágāḥ reprises úd … eṣi expressing the same action in vs. 1. In fact 1a #ud ghéd abhí is echoed by 4b #udágā abhí with the actual verb agā́(ḥ) substituting for the intervening particles of the former.

Whatever, Vrtra-slayer! thou, Surya, hast risen upon to-day,
Tbat, Indra, all is in thy power.

Worüber auch immer du heute aufgegangen bist, du Vritratöter, du Surya, das alles ist in deiner Gewalt, Indra.

Wohin du feindetödtend heut, o Sonne, aufgegangen bist, Das, Indra, ist in deiner Macht.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

य᳓द् वा प्रवृद्ध सत्पते
न᳓ मरा इ᳓ति म᳓न्यसे
उतो᳓ त᳓त् सत्य᳓म् इ᳓त् त᳓व

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
pravr̥ddha ← √vr̥dh- (root)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

satpate ← sátpati- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

vā ← vā (invariable)

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

íti ← íti (invariable)

mányase ← √man- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

marai ← √mr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

ná ← ná (invariable)

ít ← ít (invariable)

satyám ← satyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

tát ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

táva ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:SG}

u ← u (invariable)

utá ← utá (invariable)

यत् । वा॒ । प्र॒ऽवृ॒द्ध॒ । स॒त्ऽप॒ते॒ । न । म॒रै॒ । इति॑ । मन्य॑से ।
उ॒तो इति॑ । तत् । स॒त्यम् । इत् । तव॑ ॥

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• vā
• [adverb]
• “or; optionally; either.”

• pravṛddha ← pravṛdh ← √vṛdh
• [verb noun], vocative, singular
• “increase; develop; advance.”

• satpate ← satpati
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• marā ← marai ← mṛ
• [verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
• “mṛ; die; disappear; go out.”

• iti
• [adverb]
• “thus; so; iti [word].”

• manyase ← man
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “think of; name; believe; teach; honor; deem; recommend; approve; think; define; call; respect; believe; enumerate; understand; see; describe.”

• uto ← uta
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

• uto ← u
• [adverb]
• “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

• tat ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• satyam ← satya
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “true; real; real; faithful; good.”

• it ← id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• tava ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

वाशब्दः समुच्चये । अपि च हे प्रवृद्ध स्वबलेन प्रवर्धमान सत्पते सतां पते स्वप्रकाशाधिक्येन सतां नक्षत्राणां पते हे इन्द्र न मरै इति मनुष्यवद्वार्धक्येनाहं न म्रिय इति यत् यदि मन्ये युध्यसे। मृङ् प्राणत्यागे’। लेट्यडागमः।’ वैतोऽन्यत्र’ इत्यैकारः। उतो अपि च तव तत् न म्रिय इति मननं सत्यमित् यथार्थमेव । इन्द्रो न म्रियत इत्यर्थे मन्त्रान्तरं– न ह्यस्या अपरं चन जरसा मरते पतिः’ (ऋ. सं. १०. ८६. ११) इति ॥ ॥ २१ ॥

English translation:

“When, swelling in your might, lord of the good, you think, ‘I shall not die’, that thought of yours is indeedtrue.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Lord of the good: lord of the nakṣatras

Or if, o lord of settlements grown strong, you think, “I shall not die,” just that comes true for you. ᳓

When, Mighty One, Lord of the brave, thou thinkest thus, I shall not die,
That thought of thine is true indeed.

Oder wenn du hochgewachsener, rechtmäßiger Gebieter denkst: " Ich werde nicht sterben", so wird auch das bei dir wahr.

Und wenn du hoch erhabner Fürst »nicht werd’ ich sterben« also denkst, So ist auch dies dein Denken wahr.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

ये᳓ सो᳓मासः पराव᳓ति
ये᳓ अर्वाव᳓ति सुन्विरे᳓
स᳓र्वांस् ताँ᳓ इन्द्र गछसि

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
parāváti ← parāvát- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:SG}

sómāsaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

yé ← yá- (pronoun)

arvāváti ← arvāvát- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:SG}

sunviré ← √su- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

yé ← yá- (pronoun)

gachasi ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

sárvān ← sárva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

tā́n ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

ये । सोमा॑सः । प॒रा॒ऽवति॑ । ये । अ॒र्वा॒ऽवति॑ । सु॒न्वि॒रे ।
सर्वा॑न् । तान् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । ग॒च्छ॒सि॒ ॥

• ye ← yad
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• somāsaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• parāvati ← parāvat
• [noun], locative, singular, feminine
• “distance; distance; distance.”

• ye ← yad
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• arvāvati ← arvāvat
• [noun], locative, singular, feminine

• sunvire ← su
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “press out; su.”

• sarvāṃs ← sarvān ← sarva
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “all(a); whole; complete; sarva [word]; every(a); each(a); all; entire; sāṃnipātika; manifold; complete; all the(a); different; overall.”

• tāṃ ← tad
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• gacchasi ← gam
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

हे इन्द्र ये सोमासः सोमाः परावति विप्रकृष्टेऽतिदूरदेशे ये सोमाः अर्वावति अन्तिकतमे देशे च सुन्विरे । छन्दसि द्विर्वचनस्य विकल्पितत्वादत्र द्विर्वचनाभावः। ये सोमा ऋत्विग्भिरभिषूयन्ते सर्वान् दूरे समीपे चाभिषूयमाणान् तान् सोमान् गच्छसि तत्पानार्थं युगपत्प्राप्नोषि । अनेनेन्द्रस्य सर्वगतत्वं सूचितम् ॥

English translation:

“You go at once, Indra, to all those Soma-libations which are effused afar or effused near.”

The soma drinks which have been pressed in the distance, which nearby, to all those do you go, Indra. ᳓

Thou, Indra, goest unto all Soma libations shed for thee,
Both far away and near at hand.

Die Somatränke, die in der Ferne, die in der Nähe ausgepreßt werden, zu allen diesen kommst du, Indra.

O Indra, welche Tränke dir bereitet werden fern und nah, Zu denen allen gehst du hin.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

त᳓म् इ᳓न्द्रं वाजयामसि
महे᳓ वृत्रा᳓य ह᳓न्तवे
स᳓ वृ᳓षा वृषभो᳓ भुवत्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
índram ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

tám ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vājayāmasi ← √vājay- 2 (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

hántave ← √han- (root)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

mahé ← máh- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

vr̥trā́ya ← vr̥trá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

bhuvat ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vr̥ṣabháḥ ← vr̥ṣabhá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

तम् । इन्द्र॑म् । वा॒ज॒या॒म॒सि॒ । म॒हे । वृ॒त्राय॑ । हन्त॑वे ।
सः । वृषा॑ । वृ॒ष॒भः । भु॒व॒त् ॥

• tam ← tad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• indraṃ ← indram ← indra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• vājayāmasi ← vājay ← √vaj
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “incite.”

• mahe ← mah
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

• vṛtrāya ← vṛtra
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”

• hantave ← han
• [verb noun]
• “kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

• sa
• [adverb]
• “with; little; together.”

• vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “bullocky; potent; powerful; strong; manly; aroused; potent; much(a); male; large.”

• vṛṣabho ← vṛṣabhaḥ ← vṛṣabha
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”

• bhuvat ← bhū
• [verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
• “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

यजमाना आहुः । तं पूर्वोक्तलक्षणम् इन्द्रं वाजयामसि वाजयामः । सोमेन स्तुतिभिर्वा वाजवन्तं बलवन्तं कुर्मः । किमर्थम् । महे महते वृत्राय अपामावरकं वृत्रासुरं हन्तवे हन्तुम् । सोमपानेन मत्तः स्तुतिभिर्वा स्तुतः सन् वृषा धनानां सेक्ता दाता सः इन्द्रः वृषभः अस्माकं स्तोतॄणां सोमस्य दातॄणां धनादिसेचको दाता भुवत् भवतु ॥

8 तमिति ॥ तादृशं इन्द्रं वाजयामसि वाजयामः गमयामः । ‘इदन्तोमसि’। किमर्थं महे वृत्राय । कर्मणस्संप्रदानत्वाच्चतुर्थी । महावृत्रं हन्तवे हन्तुम् । ‘तुमर्थे सेसेन्’इति तवेन् प्रत्ययः । स इन्द्रो वृषा स्वयमेव वर्षणशीलः अस्माकं वृषभः कामानां पूरयिता भुवत् भवतु । लेटि अडागमः ‘भूसुवोस्तिङि’इति गुणाभावः ॥

English translation:

“We invigorate that (great) Indra for the slaying of mighty Vṛtra, may he be a bounteous showerer (ofwealth).”

We incite this Indra to smite great Vr̥tra.
He will become a bullish bull.

We make this Indra very strong to strike the mighty Vrtra dead:
A vigorous Hero shall he be.

Diesen Indra eifern wir an, den großen Vritra zu töten. Er sei der riesige Bulle.

Ihm, diesem Indra, geben wir zum Mord des grossen Vritra Kraft; Der Held erweise sich als Stier.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इ᳓न्द्रः स᳓ दा᳓मने कृत᳓
ओ᳓जिष्ठः स᳓ म᳓दे हितः᳓
द्युम्नी᳓ श्लोकी᳓ स᳓ सोमियः᳓

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
dā́mane ← dā́man- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

kr̥táḥ ← √kr̥- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

hitáḥ ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

máde ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ójiṣṭhaḥ ← ójiṣṭha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

dyumnī́ ← dyumnín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ślokī́ ← ślokín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

somyáḥ ← somyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

इन्द्रः॑ । सः । दाम॑ने । कृ॒तः । ओजि॑ष्ठः । सः । मदे॑ । हि॒तः ।
द्यु॒म्नी । श्लो॒की । सः । सो॒म्यः ॥

• indraḥ ← indra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• dāmane ← dā
• [verb noun]
• “give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

• kṛta ← kṛtaḥ ← kṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

• ojiṣṭhaḥ ← ojiṣṭha
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “powerful.”

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• made ← mada
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

• hitaḥ ← dhā
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• dyumnī ← dyumnin
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “powerful; imperial.”

• ślokī ← ślokin
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• somyaḥ ← somya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “saumya.”

सः इन्द्रः दामने स्तोतृभ्यो धनादिदानायैव कृतः प्रजापतिना सृष्टः । किंच ओजिष्ठः ओजस्वितमः सः एवेन्द्रः मदे। माद्यन्त्यनेनेति" मदः सोमः । तस्मिंश्च प्रजापतिना सृष्टिकाले हितः । सोमपानार्थं च निहित इत्यर्थः । द्युम्नी । ‘द्युम्नं द्योततेर्यशो वान्नं वा’ इति । यशस्व्यन्नवान् वा अत एव श्लोकी । श्लोकः स्तुतिः । तद्वान् सः इन्द्रः सोम्यः सोमार्हो भवति ।

English translation:

“Indra was created for giving; he, the most mighty was set over the exhilarating Soma; he, the gloriousone the lord of praise, is worthy of the Soma.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Made = bale; Indra was created: by Prajāpati at the time ofcreation

Indra is the one made for giving. Strongest is he when ensconced in exhilaration;
brilliant is he who, deserving of soma, receives the (invitatory) call.

Unusual syntactically, in having three non-initial sá’s; what special effect is being aimed at is not entirely clear.

Indra was made for giving, set, most mighty, o’er the joyous draught.
Bright, meet for Soma, famed in song.

Dieser Indra ist zum Schenken geschaffen, der Stärkste ist für den Rausch bestimmt; er ist der Glanzvolle, Berühmte, Somawürdige.

Zur Gab’ ist Indra angethan, der stärkste ist in Rausch versetzt, Er, licht und laut, dem Soma hold.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

गिरा᳓ व᳓ज्रो न᳓ स᳓म्भृतः
स᳓बलो अ᳓नपच्युतः
ववक्ष᳓ ऋष्वो᳓ अ᳓स्तृतः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
girā́ ← gír- ~ gīr- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)

sámbhr̥taḥ ← √bhr̥- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

vájraḥ ← vájra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ánapacyutaḥ ← ánapacyuta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sábalaḥ ← sábala- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ástr̥taḥ ← ástr̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

r̥ṣváḥ ← r̥ṣvá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vavakṣé ← √vakṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

गि॒रा । वज्रः॑ । न । सम्ऽभृ॑तः । सऽब॑लः । अन॑पऽच्युतः ।
व॒व॒क्षे । ऋ॒ष्वः । अस्तृ॑तः ॥

• girā ← gir
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

• vajro ← vajraḥ ← vajra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• saṃbhṛtaḥ ← sambhṛ ← √bhṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “gather; collect; fill; mix; fill into; produce.”

• sabalo ← sa
• [adverb]
• “with; little; together.”

• sabalo ← balaḥ ← bala
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “strength; army; power; force; potency; vigor; Balarama; bala; violence; might; Shiva; bala [word]; myrrh; semen; reflex; bronze; influence; erection; potency; intensity.”

• anapacyutaḥ ← an
• [adverb]
• “not.”

• anapacyutaḥ ← apacyutaḥ ← apacyu ← √cyu
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “abscond.”

• vavakṣa ← vakṣ
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “grow; grow.”

• ṛṣvo ← ṛṣvaḥ ← ṛṣva
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “distinguished; high; noble; enormous.”

• astṛtaḥ ← astṛta
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “durable; invincible.”

गिरा स्तुतिलक्षणया वाचा स्तोतृभिः संभृतः उत्पादितस्तीक्ष्णीकृतः । तत्र दृष्टान्तः । वज्रो न । वज्र आयुधम् । तत्कर्तृभिर्निशितधारो यथा भवति तीक्ष्णीक्रियते तद्वत् स्तोतृभिः स्तुत्या संभृतोऽत एव सबलः बलसहितस्तस्मात् अनपच्युतः परैरप्रच्युतः । अनभिगत इत्यर्थः । तादृशः ऋष्वः महान् दीप्यमानो वा अस्तृतः युद्धे शत्रुभिरहिंसित इन्द्रः ववक्षे स्तोतृभ्यो धनादिकं वोढुमिच्छति ॥

English translation:

“The mighty (Indra), unassailed by his foes, hastens to confer wealth on his worshippers– renderedkeen by their praises as a weapon, full of strength and invincible.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ṛṣvaḥ = ugraḥ

Like a mace equipped with a hymn, powerful, not to be budged, he has waxed high, not to be laid low.

By song as ’twere, the powerful bolt which none may parry was prepared
Lofty, invincible he grew.

Wie seine Keule durch die Lobrede instand gesetzt, ist er kräftig, unentwegt, übergroß, unüberwindlich herangewachsen.

Durch Sang bereitet wie der Blitz, voll Kraft und unerschütterlich, Erstand der hohe, unbesiegt.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

दुर्गे᳓ चिन् नः सुगं᳓ कृधि
गृणान᳓ इन्द्र गिर्वणः
तुवं᳓ च मघवन् व᳓शः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
cit ← cit (invariable)

durgé ← durgá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

kr̥dhi ← √kr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sugám ← sugá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

girvaṇaḥ ← gírvaṇas- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

gr̥ṇānáḥ ← √gr̥̄- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ca ← ca (invariable)

maghavan ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

váśaḥ ← váśa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

दुः॒ऽगे । चि॒त् । नः॒ । सु॒ऽगम् । कृ॒धि॒ । गृ॒णा॒नः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । गि॒र्व॒णः॒ ।
त्वम् । च॒ । म॒घ॒ऽव॒न् । वशः॑ ॥

• durge ← durga
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “fortress; stronghold; difficulty; danger; passage.”

• cin ← cit
• [adverb]
• “even; indeed.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• sugaṃ ← sugam ← suga
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter

• kṛdhi ← kṛ
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

• gṛṇāna ← gṛ
• [verb noun], vocative, singular
• “praise.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• girvaṇaḥ ← girvaṇas
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• ca
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; then; now; even.”

• maghavan
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; maghavan [word].”

• vaśaḥ ← vaś
• [verb], singular, Present injunctive
• “desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”

हे गिर्वणः गीर्भिर्वननीय इन्द्र गृणानः स्तोतृभिः स्तूयमानस्त्वं नः अस्माकं दुर्गे चित् दुर्गमेऽपि मार्गे सुगं सुगमं पन्थानं कृधि तथा कुरु । हे मघवन् धनवन्निन्द्र त्वम् । चशब्दश्चेदर्थे । यदि वशः सोमपानार्थं तत्प्रदातॄनस्मान् कामयेथाः तदा पन्थानं शोभनगमनं कुरुष्व । वष्टेर्लेट्यडागमः । चशब्दयोगादनिघातः ॥ ॥ २२ ॥

English translation:

“Indra, worthy of our praise, do you, hymned by us, make our path plural in even in the midst of difficulties,(hear us), Maghavan, if you love us.”

Even in difficult going, make easy passage for us when you are hymned, o Indra who yearn for hymns,
if you will so desire, bounteous one—

The contrastive dur-gá- … su-gá- effect is not easily captured in English because “easy going” is blocked by the English idiom.

In c ca in the sense ‘if’ conditions the accent on the verb váśaḥ. See Klein (DGRV I.238-56, esp. 250-51, on subordinating ca.

Indra, Song-lover, lauded, make even in the wilds fair ways for us,
Whenever, Maghavan, thou wilt.

Auch auf unwegsamer Strecke schaff uns gepriesen guten Weg, du lobbegehrender Indra, wenn du, Gabenreicher, es willst!

Im Unwegsamen schaff uns Bahn, liedholder Indra, hochgelobt, Sobald du mächtiger es willst,

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

य᳓स्य ते नू᳓ चिद् आदि᳓शं
न᳓ मिन᳓न्ति स्वरा᳓जियम्
न᳓ देवो᳓ ना᳓ध्रिगुर् ज᳓नः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ādíśam ← ādíś- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

cit ← cit (invariable)

nú ← nú (invariable)

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

yásya ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

minánti ← √mī- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ná ← ná (invariable)

svarā́jyam ← svarā́jya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

ádhriguḥ ← ádhrigu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

deváḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

jánaḥ ← jána- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)

ná ← ná (invariable)

यस्य॑ । ते॒ । नु । चि॒त् । आ॒ऽदिश॑म् । न । मि॒नन्ति॑ । स्व॒ऽराज्य॑म् ।
न । दे॒वः । न । अध्रि॑ऽगुः । जनः॑ ॥

• yasya ← yad
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• nū ← nu
• [adverb]
• “now; already.”

• cid ← cit
• [adverb]
• “even; indeed.”

• ādiśaṃ ← ādiśam ← ādiś
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “admonition.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• minanti ← mī
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “transgress; damage.”

• svarājyam ← sva
• [noun]
• “own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”

• svarājyam ← rājyam ← rājya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “kingdom; kingship; sovereignty; rājya [word].”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• devo ← devaḥ ← deva
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• nādhrigur ← na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• nādhrigur ← adhriguḥ ← adhrigu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “rich; powerful.”

• janaḥ ← jana
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”

हे इन्द्र यस्य ते तव आदिशम् । आदिशति नयति सर्वत्रानयेत्यादिग्बलम् । औणादिकः करणे प्रत्ययः । यद्वा । आदेश एवादिगाज्ञा । भावे क्विप् । त्वदीयामाज्ञां नू चित् इदानीं पुरा च न मिनन्ति केचिदपि न हिंसन्ति । किंच। स्वराज्यं तव स्वभूतं राज्यं च । यद्वा । स्वशब्देन स्वर्गोऽभिधीयते । स्वर्गस्वामित्वं च न हिंसन्ति । हिंसकानाह। न देवः त्वदन्यो देवोऽपि च तथापि अध्रिगुः अधृतगमनः संग्रामे त्वरमाणो वीरोऽपि न च जनः प्रादुर्भूतो मनुष्योऽपि । एते न मिनन्तीत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“You whose command and rightful empire neither god nor irresistible hero can harm.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Rightful empire:svarājya = svargasvāmitva

You whose aim, whose sovereignty they never confound—
neither god, nor the exalted folk.

The implicitly conjoined nouns ādíś- (‘aim, intention’) and svarā́jya- (‘sovereignty, self-rule’) do not seem to me to form a natural class. It is possible that the rendering of the former should be adjusted, to harmonize with the finite verb in 15b. The Pp. analyzes that verb as simply adiṣṭa without preverb, but in its sandhi situation it could also reflect ā́-(a)diṣṭa, with the same lexeme as here. Even so, the middle voice of that verb would separate its semantics from the standard active idiom ā́√diś ‘point to, aim at’.

Thou whose commandment and behest of sovran sway none disregards,
Neither audacious man nor God.

Dessen Mahnung und Selbstherrlichkeit sie niemals zuwiderhandeln, weder ein Gott noch ein mächtiger Mann.

Du, dessen Plan und Willensmacht niemand zu hemmen je vermag, Nicht Gott, nicht Mensch, der vorwärts stürmt.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अ᳓धा ते अ᳓प्रतिष्कुतं
देवी᳓ शु᳓ष्मं सपर्यतः
उभे᳓ सुशिप्र रो᳓दसी

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ádha ← ádha (invariable)

ápratiṣkutam ← ápratiṣkuta- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

devī́ ← devī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

saparyataḥ ← √sapary- (root)
{number:DU, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

śúṣmam ← śúṣma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ródasī ← ródasī- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

suśipra ← suśiprá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ubhé ← ubhá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

अध॑ । ते॒ । अप्र॑तिऽस्कुतम् । दे॒वी इति॑ । शुष्म॑म् । स॒प॒र्य॒तः॒ ।
उ॒भे इति॑ । सु॒ऽशि॒प्र॒ । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ ॥

• adhā ← adha
• [adverb]
• “then; and; therefore; now.”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• apratiṣkutaṃ ← apratiṣkutam ← apratiṣkuta
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “unhampered; unrestrained; unchallenged.”

• devī
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “Parvati; queen; goddess; Devi.”

• śuṣmaṃ ← śuṣmam ← śuṣma
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “vigor; energy; fire; hiss; courage.”

• saparyataḥ ← sapary
• [verb], dual, Present indikative
• “worship.”

• ubhe ← ubh
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “both(a).”

• suśipra ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• suśipra ← śipra ← śiprā
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “lip; śiprā.”

• rodasī
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “heaven and earth; Earth.”

हे सुशिप्र सुहनो शोभनशिरस्त्राणेन्द्र अध अपि च देवी देव्यौ स्वतेजसा दीप्यमाने उभे रोदसी द्यावापृथिव्यौ अप्रतिष्कुतम् । स्कु इति सौत्रो धातुः स्तम्भने वर्तते । शत्रुभिरप्रतिरोधनीयं ते त्वदीयं शुष्मं परबलशोषकं बलं सपर्यतः पूजयतः । त्वदधीने एव भवतः ॥

English translation:

“Yes, deity of the handsome jaw, the two goddesses, heaven and earth, both worship your resistlessconsuming might.”

And the two goddesses, both the World-Halves,
respect your unrepulsable forcefulness, o you of good lips.

And both these Goddesses, Earth, Heaven, Lord of the beauteous helm! revere
Thy might which no one may resist.

Darum ehren die beiden Göttinnen Rodasi deinen unaufhaltsamen Ungestüm, du Schönlippiger.

Und deine ungehemmte Macht verehren beide Göttinnen, Die Welten, helmgeschmückter du.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तुव᳓म् एत᳓द् अधारयः
कृष्णा᳓सु रो᳓हिणीषु च
प᳓रुष्णीषु रु᳓शत् प᳓यः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
adhārayaḥ ← √dhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

etát ← eṣá (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

ca ← ca (invariable)

kr̥ṣṇā́su ← kr̥ṣṇá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

róhiṇīṣu ← róhiṇī- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

páruṣṇīṣu ← paruṣá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

páyaḥ ← páyas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

rúśat ← rúśant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

त्वम् । ए॒तत् । अ॒धा॒र॒यः॒ । कृ॒ष्णासु॑ । रोहि॑णीषु । च॒ ।
परु॑ष्णीषु । रुश॑त् । पयः॑ ॥

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• etad ← etat ← etad
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

• adhārayaḥ ← dhāray ← √dhṛ
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “keep; sustain; put; hold; wear; hold; carry; keep alive; suppress; preserve; remember; stow; stop; have; fill into; endure; support; understand; fixate; govern; restrain.”

• kṛṣṇāsu ← kṛṣṇa
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “black; dark; dark; blue; black.”

• rohiṇīṣu ← rohiṇī
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “Rohiṇī; Terminalia chebula Retz.; rohiṇī; Rohiṇī; rohiṇī; cow.”

• ca
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; then; now; even.”

• paruṣṇīṣu ← paruṣṇī
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “Paruṣṇī.”

• ruśat
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “white; bright; bright.”

• payaḥ ← payas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”

अस्य सामर्थ्यमेवोपपादयति । हे इन्द्र कृष्णासु कृष्णवर्णासु गोषु तथा रोहिणीषु । ‘ वर्णादनुदात्तात्तोपधात्तो नः’ (पा. सू. ४. १. ३९) इति ङीप् । रोहितवर्णासु च गोषु रुशत् । रोचतेर्दीप्तिकर्मणः । दीप्यमानं श्वेतम् एतत् परिदृश्यमानं पयः क्षीरं त्वम् अधारयः धारयसि । तस्मात्त्वद्बलं पूजयत इति समन्वयः ॥

English translation:

“It is you that keep this bright milk in the black, red, and spotted cows.”

You fixed this fast in the black (cows) and in the reddish ones, and in the gray ones—the gleaming white milk. ᳓

Thou in the black cows and the red and in the cows with spotted skin
This white milk hast deposited.

Du hast diese weiße Milch in den schwarzen und roten, in den gefleckten Kühen festgelegt.

Du setztest diese helle Milch in schwarz und rothe Küh’ hinein Und in die buntgefleckten auch.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

वि᳓ य᳓द् अ᳓हेर् अ᳓ध त्विषो᳓
वि᳓श्वे देवा᳓सो अ᳓क्रमुः
विद᳓न् मृग᳓स्य ताँ᳓ अ᳓मः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ádha ← ádha (invariable)

áheḥ ← áhi- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

tviṣáḥ ← tvíṣ- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:F, number:SG}

ví ← ví (invariable)

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

ákramuḥ ← √kramⁱ- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

devā́saḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

víśve ← víśva- (nominal stem)

ámaḥ ← áma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

mr̥gásya ← mr̥gá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

tā́n ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

vidát ← √vid- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

वि । यत् । अहेः॑े॑ । अध॑ । त्वि॒षः । विश्वे॑ । दे॒वासः॑ । अक्र॑मुः ।
वि॒दत् । मृ॒गस्य॑ । तान् । अमः॑ ॥

• vi
• [adverb]
• “apart; away; away.”

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• aher ← aheḥ ← ahi
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “snake; lead; nāga; Nāga; ahi [word]; Vṛtra.”

• adha
• [adverb]
• “then; and; therefore; now.”

• tviṣo ← tviṣaḥ ← tviṣ
• [noun], ablative, singular, feminine
• “beam; color; beauty.”

• viśve ← viśva
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• devāso ← devāsaḥ ← deva
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• akramuḥ ← kram
• [verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
• “kram; step; go; continue; proceed; traverse; heat.”

• vidan ← vidat ← vid
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “find; detect; marry; get; think.”

• mṛgasya ← mṛga
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “game; deer; animal; antelope; mṛga [word]; Mṛgaśiras.”

• tāṃ ← tad
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• amaḥ ← ama
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “am; panic; power; ferocity.”

अध अपि च अहेः अहन्तव्यस्य वृत्रासुरस्य त्विषः तेजोरूपादुच्छ्वासाद्भीताः यद्वा तस्य प्रभावेन परिगमिताः विश्वे सर्वे देवासः देवाः यत् यदा वि अक्रमुः विविधं पादविहरणमकुर्वन् । स्वस्थानं परित्यज्यान्यं देशमगच्छन्नित्यर्थः । तदानीं मृगस्य । एवं तान् भीषयितुं वृत्रो मृगरूपोऽभवत् । तद्रूपस्य संबन्धि अमः सर्वतो गमनशीलं बलं तज्जातं भयं वा तान् सर्वान् देवान् विदत् अविन्दत् । प्राप्नोदित्यर्थः । तस्यासुरस्येन्द्रो निवारको हन्ताभवदित्युत्तरेण संबन्धः ॥

English translation:

“When all the gods fled in various directions from the splendour of the demon Ahi, and when fear of thedeer seized them.”

Then as all the gods strode away from the turbulent power of the serpent, the onslaught of the wild beast found them.

The positioning … yád … ádha … is unusual, though Klein (II: 111) simply takes it as a variant of more common ádha yád …

When in their terror all the Gods shrank from the Dragon’s furious might,
Fear of the monster fell on them.

Als da vor des Drachen Funkeln alle Götter davonliefen, da hatte sie die Panik vor dem wilden Tiere befallen.

Als vor des Drachens Ungestüm die Götter alle flüchteten, Und sie des Thieres Wuth ergriff,

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓द् उ मे निवरो᳓ भुवद्
वृत्रहा᳓दिष्ट पउं᳓सियम्
अ᳓जातशत्रुर् अ᳓स्तृतः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́t ← ā́t (invariable)

bhuvat ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

me ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

nivaráḥ ← nivará- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

u ← u (invariable)

adiṣṭa ← √diś- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

paúṁsyam ← paúṁsya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

vr̥trahā́ ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ájātaśatruḥ ← ájātaśatru- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ástr̥taḥ ← ástr̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

आत् । ऊं॒ इति॑ । मे॒ । नि॒ऽव॒रः । भु॒व॒त् । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । अ॒दि॒ष्ट॒ । पौंस्य॑म् ।
अजा॑तऽशत्रुः । अस्तृ॑तः ॥

• ād ← āt
• [adverb]
• “then.”

• u
• [adverb]
• “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

• me ← mad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “I; mine.”

• nivaro ← nivaraḥ ← nivara
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “protection.”

• bhuvad ← bhuvat ← bhū
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

• vṛtrahādiṣṭa ← vṛtrahā ← vṛtrahan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• vṛtrahādiṣṭa ← adiṣṭa ← diś
• [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
• “describe; give; give; teach.”

• pauṃsyam ← pauṃsya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “manfulness; deed; army; strength.”

• ajātaśatrur ← a
• [adverb]
• “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

• ajātaśatrur ← jāta ← jan
• [verb noun]
• “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”

• ajātaśatrur ← śatruḥ ← śatru
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “enemy; foe; enemy; Asura.”

• astṛtaḥ ← astṛta
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “durable; invincible.”

आदु इत्यवधारणे । देवानां भीत्या सर्वतो गमनानन्तरमेव मे स्तोतृस्तुत्यलक्षणेन संबन्धेन मम संबन्ध्ययमिन्द्रः निवरः वृत्रासुरस्य निवारयिता हन्ता भुवत् अभवत् । ततः वृत्रहा वृत्रस्य हन्तेन्द्रः पौंस्यम् । पुंसः कर्म पौंस्यम् । यद्वा । स्त्रीपुंसाभ्याम् (पा. सू. ४. १. ८७ ) इति भवार्थे स्रञ् । नकारस्य यकारो वर्णव्यत्ययेन । पुंसीन्द्रे भवम् । यद्वा । बलनामैतत् । स्वबलम् ॥ अदिष्ट तस्य राज्ये दिशति निदधाति । तद्राज्यं स्ववशमकरोदित्यर्थः । ततः प्रभृतीन्द्रः अजातशत्रुः अनुत्पन्नशत्रुः अस्तृतः संग्रामे परैरहिंसितश्चाभवत् ॥ ॥ २३ ॥

English translation:

“Then was my Indra the repeller; then did the smiter of Vṛtra put forth his might, he who has no existentenemies, the invincible.”

And after that he became a covering for me: the Vr̥tra-smiter displayed his masculine nature—
he for whom no rival has been born, he who cannot be laid low.

Judging from Geldner’s tr. of the first pāda, “Davor sei mir Bewahrung,” he takes ā́t as an ablative pronoun referring to ámaḥ in 14c (his “Panik,” my “onslaught”), but as far as I can tell, ā́t is elsewhere only adverbial, as opposed to the fuller pronominal form asmā́t. I also question his modal, indeed imperatival interpretation of bhuvat in this preterital context; thematic forms belonging originally to the root aorist stem (á)bhū- can be either subjunctive or a secondarily thematicized injunctive. See Hoffmann 1967 passim, esp. 214-15.

Then he was my Defender, then, Invincible, whose foe is not,
The Vrtra-slayer showed his might.

Davor sei mir Bewahrung! Der Vritratöter hat seine Manneskraft erwiesen, er dem kein Gegner erstanden ist, der Ungefällte.

Auch da war er Beschützer mir, und Kraft erwies der Vritrafeind, Unwiderstehlich, unbesiegt.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

श्रुतं᳓ वो वृत्रह᳓न्तमम्
प्र᳓ श᳓र्धं चर्षणीना᳐᳓म्
आ᳓ शुषे रा᳓धसे महे᳓

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
śrutám ← √śru- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

vaḥ ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

vr̥trahántamam ← vr̥trahántama- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

carṣaṇīnā́m ← carṣaṇí- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:F, number:PL}

prá ← prá (invariable)

śárdham ← śárdha- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

mahé ← máh- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

rā́dhase ← rā́dhas- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

śuṣe ← √śvasⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

श्रु॒तम् । वः॒ । वृ॒त्र॒हन्ऽत॑मम् । प्र । शर्ध॑म् । च॒र्ष॒णी॒नाम् ।
आ । शु॒षे॒ । राध॑से । म॒हे ॥

• śrutaṃ ← śrutam ← śru
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

• vo ← vaḥ ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “you.”

• vṛtrahantamam ← vṛtra
• [noun], masculine
• “enemy.”

• vṛtrahantamam ← hantamam ← hantama
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “killing.”

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• śardhaṃ ← śardham ← śardha
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “troop.”

• carṣaṇīnām ← carṣaṇi
• [noun], genitive, plural, feminine
• “people.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• śuṣe ← śvas
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “hiss; pant; sigh; breathe; blow.”

• rādhase ← rādhas
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”

• mahe ← mah
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

हे ऋत्विग्यष्टारः श्रुतं बलवत्तया प्रसिद्धमत एव वृत्रहन्तमम् अतिशयेन वृत्रहन्तारं शर्धं बलभूतं वेगवन्तं वा एतादृशमिन्द्रं चर्षणीनां मनुष्याणां वः युष्माकम् आशुषे । अश्नोतेर्लेट्युत्तम इटि सिप् । व्यत्ययेनोप्रत्ययः । ‘बहुलं छन्दसि’ इत्यडागमः । तमिन्द्रं स्तुतिभिः प्रीणयित्वा युष्मभ्यं प्रकर्षेणाश्नवै । प्रयच्छामीत्यर्थः । किमर्थम्। महे महते राधसे धनाय धनं युष्मभ्यं दातुम् ॥

English translation:

“(Priests), I bring to you men, for great wealth, that renowned and mighty one who utterly destroyedVṛtra.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Āśuṣe = āśiṣe;

Carṣaṇīnām: renowned and mighty among men

Him famed as the best smiter of Vr̥tra, the propelling force of the settled peoples,
do I inspire to great generosity to you (patrons).

Him your best Vrtra-slayer, him the famous Champion of mankind
I urge to great munificence,

Eurem berühmten Erzfeindetöter, die Stärke der Völker, eifere ich zu großer Freigebigkeit an.

Den hehren, feindetödtendsten, den Führer alles Menschenvolks Fach’ ich zu grosser Gab’ euch an,

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अया᳓ धिया᳓ च गव्यया᳓
पु᳓रुणामन् पु᳓रुष्टुत
य᳓त् सो᳓मे-सोम आ᳓भवः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ayā́ ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

ca ← ca (invariable)

dhiyā́ ← dhī́- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

gavyayā́ ← gavyā́- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

púruṇāman ← puruṇāman- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

púruṣṭuta ← puruṣṭutá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

ábhavaḥ ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

sóme-some ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

अ॒या । धि॒या । च॒ । ग॒व्य॒ऽया । पुरु॑ऽनामन् । पुरु॑ऽस्तुत ।
यत् । सोमे॑ऽसोमे । आ । अभ॑वः ॥

• ayā ← idam
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• dhiyā ← dhī
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”

• ca
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; then; now; even.”

• gavyayā ← gavyā
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “gorocanā.”

• puruṇāman
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• puruṣṭuta
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; Vishnu; Agni.”

• yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• some ← soma
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• soma ← some ← soma
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• ābhavaḥ ← ābhū ← √bhū
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “originate.”

हे पुरुनामन् बहुविधशक्रवृत्रहादिनामोपेत । यद्वा । बहुस्तुतिमन् । नामयन्ति स्तुत्यं देवं वशं नयन्तीति नाम स्तोत्रम् । अत एव पुरुष्टुत बहुभिरभिष्टुतेन्द्र सोमेसोमे अस्मदीयेषु सोमेषु त्वं यदा आभवः तेषां पानार्थं समन्तादभवः तदा वयम् अया अनया । कीदृश्या । गव्यया गा आत्मन इच्छन्त्या धिया अनया बुद्ध्या युक्ता भवेम । सोमं पीतवति त्वयि वयं गवादियुक्ता भवेमेत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“O you bearing many names and praised by many, when you are present at our various Soma-libations,may we be endowed with a kine-desiring mind.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

May we be endowed: maywe obtain kine;

Gavyayā = with adesire for milk; come with this mind, with this desire for milk, whenyou are present at our Soma-offerings

(I inspired you, Indra,) with this visionary thought and with desire for cattle—o you of many names, praised by many—
so that you appeared at every soma-pressing.

The verse is syntactically incomplete, consisting of an instrumental phrase (pāda a), a vocative phrase (pāda b), and a subordinate clause with a verb in the imperfect (ā́-abhavaḥ, so Pp.) or possibly injunctive (ā́bhavaḥ). In order to provide a main clause for the yád clause, Geldner supplies “geschah es” (“it happened”). I prefer to borrow the verb of the preceding verse, ā́śuṣe, though transposed into a past tense.

To come, Much-lauded! Many-named with this same thought that longs for milk,
Whene’er the Soma juice is shed.

Durch diese Dichtung und in dem Wunsch nach Rindern geschah es, du Vielarmiger, Vielgepriesener, daß du bei jedem Soma erschienen bist.

Durch diese Bitte voll Begier, vielnam’ger, vielgepriesener, So oft beim Soma du erschienst.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

बोधि᳓न्मना इ᳓द् अस्तु नो
वृत्रहा᳓ भू᳓रिआसुतिः
शृणो᳓तु शक्र᳓ आशि᳓षम्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
astu ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

bodhínmanāḥ ← bodhínmanas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ít ← ít (invariable)

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

bhū́ryāsutiḥ ← bhū́ryāsuti- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vr̥trahā́ ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

āśíṣam ← āśís- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

śakráḥ ← śakrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śr̥ṇótu ← √śru- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

बो॒धित्ऽम॑नाः । इत् । अ॒स्तु॒ । नः॒ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । भूरि॑ऽआसुतिः ।
शृ॒णोतु॑ । शु॒क्रः । आ॒ऽशिष॑म् ॥

• bodhinmanā ← bodhinmanāḥ ← bodhinmanas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• astu ← as
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• vṛtrahā ← vṛtrahan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• bhūryāsutiḥ ← bhūri
• [noun]
• “much; many; much(a); abundant; rich; mighty; distinguished.”

• bhūryāsutiḥ ← āsutiḥ ← āsuti
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• śṛṇotu ← śru
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

• śakra ← śakraḥ ← śakra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight et Arn.; ivory tree.”

• āśiṣam ← āśis
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “benediction; prayer; blessing; āśis [word]; wish; request.”

अयं परोक्षकृतः । वृत्रहा वृत्रहन्ता भूर्यासुतिः । बहुषु देशेष्विन्द्रार्थं सोम आसूयतेऽभिषूयत इति तादृशः । यद्वा । बहूनि सोमादिहवींषीन्द्रार्थमासूयन्ते हूयन्त इति तादृशः । बोधिन्मनाः । ‘ बुध अवगमने’ । औणादिक इतिप्रत्ययः । यस्य मनः स्तोतॄणामभिमतं बुध्यते जानातीति तथोक्तः । इत् अवधारणे। नः अस्माकं बोधिन्मना एव अस्तु । सर्वदास्मदभीप्सितानि जानात्वेवेत्यर्थः । यद्वा । एतादृश इन्द्रो नोऽस्माकं यज्ञे भवत्विति । ततः शक्रः संग्रामे शत्रुहननसमर्थ इन्द्रः आशिषम् अस्मदीयां स्तुतिमाशासनं वा शृणोतु ॥

English translation:

“May the slayer of Vṛtra, to whom many libations are offered, know our desires– may Śakra hear ourpraises.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Bodhinmanā = bodhanmanāḥ

Let him be of attentive mind just toward us—the Vr̥tra-smiter possessing many pressed drinks.
Let the able one listen to our prayer.

The curious hapax bodhín-manas-, with, per Pp., 1st member bodhít-, may be built on the model of semantically similar cikitvít- / cikitvín-manas-; see AiG II.2.322.

Much-honoured by libations, may the Vrtra-slayer wake for us:
May Sakra listen to our prayers.

Der Vritratöter sei uns aufmerksamen Sinnes, der viele Tränklein bekommt. Der Mächtige erhöre unsere Bitte.

Achtsamen Sinnes sei er uns, der Vritra schlägt und viele labt, Der starke höre unser Flehn.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

क᳓या तुवं᳓ न ऊतिया᳓
अभि᳓ प्र᳓ मन्दसे वृषन्
क᳓या स्तोतृ᳓भ्य आ᳓ भर

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
káyā ← ká- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

ūtyā́ ← ūtí- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

mandase ← √mand- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

prá ← prá (invariable)

vr̥ṣan ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

bhara ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

káyā ← ká- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

stotŕ̥bhyaḥ ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

कया॑ । त्वम् । नः॒ । ऊ॒त्या । अ॒भि । प्र । म॒न्द॒से॒ । वृ॒ष॒न् ।
कया॑ । स्तो॒तृऽभ्यः॑ । आ । भ॒र॒ ॥

• kayā ← ka
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “what; who; ka [pronoun].”

• tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• na ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• ūtyābhi ← ūtyā ← ūti
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “aid; favor; ūti [word].”

• ūtyābhi ← abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• mandase ← mand
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “rejoice; exhilarate.”

• vṛṣan
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

• kayā ← ka
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “what; who; ka [pronoun].”

• stotṛbhya ← stotṛbhyaḥ ← stotṛ
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “laudatory; worshiping.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• bhara ← bhṛ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

हे वृषन् कामानां वर्षितरिन्द्र कया केन ऊत्या । अव रक्षणादिषु गत्यर्थे । ऊतियूति’ इत्यादिना निपातितः । केनाभिगमनेन नः अस्मान् अभि अभितः प्र मन्दसे प्रकर्षेण मादयसि । अस्मदीयं यज्ञं प्रति सोमपानार्थमागमनेन वा त्वदीयस्तुतिश्रवणार्थमागमनेन वा कदास्मान् प्रमादयसीति । किंच कया केनाभिगमनेन स्तोतृभ्यः अस्मभ्यं धनम् आ भर आबिभर्षीतीन्द्रं स्तोता पृच्छति ॥

English translation:

“Showerer (of blessings), with what coming of yours do you gladden us, with what coming bring you(wealth) to your worshippers?”

(Coming) with what help for us do you reach exhilaration, bull? With what (help) for the pressers? Bring it here!

This verse presents both a conceptual difficulty (in ab) and a syntactic one (in c). As for the first, Indra should not be reaching exhilaration though his help for us, but rather through our soma. Geldner sidesteps the difficulty by simply reinterpreting the lexeme abhí prá √mand as meaning ‘draw near’ (“ziehst du her zu uns”) without comment, but this relatively common collocation elsewhere always has the meaning expected of √mad / mand, a meaning that abhī́… mandasānáḥ in 21ab would reinforce. In order to avoid the conceptually unlikely “by what help for us do you become exhilarated?” I have supplied “coming” with the kayā́… ūtyā́phrase - re-establishing the usual balance between what Indra bestows on his worshippers and the soma they offer him in return.

As for the syntactic problem, imperatives (here bhara) should not appear in interrogative sentences, and pāda c begins with interrogative káyā. Geldner suggests that the 2nd ps. imperative here is used in analogy to the 1st ps.; in other words, since the subjunctive is perfectly at home in interrogative clauses and the 1st ps. subjunctive ultimately comes to serve as the 1st ps. imperative, its use in interrogative clauses could serve as a model for the introduction of 2nd ps. imperatives in such clauses. But I doubt that the 1st ps. subjunctive had been reinterpreted as an imperative at this era, since the full subjunctive paradigm in all three persons was still very much alive, and in fact Oldenberg comments that he does not know of other examples in the older language.

To avoid the syntactic clash I assume that káyā stotṛ́bhyaḥ, parallel to káyā … na ūtyā́in a, ends the sentence, and ā́bhara constitutes a new, abrupt imperatival clause.

Oldenberg cites a similar solution, though taking stotṛ́bhyaḥ with the imperative not the kayā́clause, found in Grassmann’s tr., also in Caland/Henry’s, which he dismisses as “künstliches Ueberspringen der Schwierigkeit.” This hardly seems fair, since it does in fact avoid the difficulty, and seems no more artificial than many interpretations of syntactically awkward passages. As for my division into clauses as opposed to that of Grassmann and Cal/Hen, although stotṛ́bhya ā́bhara is found several times elsewhere as a syntagm (V.6.1 [and reps.], nearby VIII.77.8), pāda-final ā́bhara is extraordinarily common and could easily be construed independently, especially since stotṛ́bhyaḥ would naturally pair with naḥ in these parallel expressions.

O Hero, with that aid dost thou delight us, with what succour bring
Riches to those who worship thee?

Mit welcher Gunst ziehst du her zu uns, du Bulle, mit welcher willst du den Sängern etwas bringen?

Mit welcher Hülfe willst du uns erfreuen, o du starker Held? Mit welcher? bring den Sängern sie.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• पादनिचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

क᳓स्य वृ᳓षा सुते᳓ स᳓चा
नियु᳓त्वान् वृषभो᳓ रणत्
वृत्रहा᳓ सो᳓मपीतये

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
kásya ← ká- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

sácā ← sácā (invariable)

suté ← √su- (root)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

niyútvān ← niyútvant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

raṇat ← √ranⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vr̥ṣabháḥ ← vr̥ṣabhá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sómapītaye ← sómapīti- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

vr̥trahā́ ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

कस्य॑ । वृषा॑ । सु॒ते । सचा॑ । नि॒युत्वा॑न् । वृ॒ष॒भः । र॒ण॒त् ।
वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । सोम॑ऽपीतये ॥

• kasya ← ka
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “what; who; ka [pronoun].”

• vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

• sute ← suta
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “Soma.”

• sacā
• [adverb]
• “jointly.”

• niyutvān ← niyutvat
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• vṛṣabho ← vṛṣabhaḥ ← vṛṣabha
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”

• raṇat ← raṇ
• [verb], singular, Present injunctive
• “rejoice.”

• vṛtrahā ← vṛtrahan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• somapītaye ← soma
• [noun], masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• somapītaye ← pītaye ← pīti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “drinking; haritāla.”

वृषा इन्द्रः कस्य यजमानस्य सचा सुते ऋग्भिः सहाभिषुते सोमे । अनेन तद्वान् यज्ञो लक्ष्यते । कस्य यज्ञे सोमपीतये सोमपानाय तदर्थं रणत् रमते । कीदृशः । नियुत्वान् । नितरां युवन्ति मिश्रयन्ति स्वबलेन शत्रूनिति नियुतो मरुतः । तद्वान् । यद्वा । नियुत इति वायोर्वाहनाश्वाः । स वायुः कदाचित् संग्राम इन्द्राय स्वाश्वानदात् । तद्वान् । वृषभः धनानामपां वा वर्षकः वृत्रहा वृत्रस्य हन्तेन्द्रः कस्य यज्ञे रमते । इदानीं नोऽस्मदीयं यागं प्रत्यागच्छतु । यद्वा । कस्याध्वरे रमते । न कुत्रापि । किंत्वस्मद्यज्ञ एव सोमपानार्थं संक्रीडते ॥ ॥ २४ ॥

English translation:

“At whose hymn-accompanied libations does the showerer, the lord of the Niyuts, the slayer of Vṛtra,rejoice to drink the Soma?”

In whose pressed soma does the bullish bull with his teams take pleasure, the Vr̥tra-smiter, for soma-drinking?

With whose libation joys the Strong, the Hero with his team who quells
The foe, to drink the Soma juice?

Auf wessen Preßsaft freut sich der riesige Bulle mit dem Niyutgespann, der Vritratöter, um Soma zu trinken?

An wessen Trank mag sich erfreun der Stier mit seinem Vielgespann, Der Vritrafeind zum Somatrunk?

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अभी᳓ षु᳓ णस् तुवं᳓ रयि᳓म्
मन्दसानः᳓ सहस्रि᳓णम्
प्रयन्ता᳓ बोधि दाशु᳓षे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
abhí ← abhí (invariable)

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sú ← sú (invariable)

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

mandasānáḥ ← mandasāná- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sahasríṇam ← sahasrín- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

bodhi ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

dāśúṣe ← dāśváṁs- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

prayantā́ ← prayantár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

अ॒भि । सु । नः॒ । त्वम् । र॒यिम् । म॒न्द॒सा॒नः । स॒ह॒स्रिण॑म् ।
प्र॒ऽय॒न्ता । बो॒धि॒ । दा॒शुषे॑ ॥

• abhī ← abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• ṣu ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• ṇas ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• mandasānaḥ ← mand
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “rejoice; exhilarate.”

• sahasriṇam ← sahasrin
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “thousandfold.”

• prayantā ← prayam ← √yam
• [verb], singular, periphrast. future
• “give; emit; send; transmit.”

• bodhi ← bhū
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

• dāśuṣe ← dāś
• [verb noun], dative, singular
• “sacrifice; give.”

हे इन्र्ो त्वं मन्दसानः अस्माभिर्दत्तेन सोमेन मोदमानः सन् सहस्रिणं सहस्रसंख्याकं धनं नः अस्मभ्यं सु सुष्ठु अभि आभर । तदेवाह । त्वं दाशुषे हविर्दत्तवते यजमानाय प्रयन्ता धनादेः प्रदाता कर्मणो नियन्ता वा भवानीति बोधि बुध्यस्व । ‘बुध अवगमने’। भौवादिकः । लोटि छान्दसो विकरणस्य लुक् । हेर्धिः। धित्वे धकारलोपश्छान्दसः ॥

English translation:

“Rejoicing (in our oblations), bring us wealth a thousandfold; remember that you are the giver to yourvotary.”

On reaching exhilaration, (bring) wealth in thousands to us.
Become a provider to the pious man.

“Bring” can be supplied here on the basis of ā́bhara in 19c.

Rejoicing in thy spirit bring thousandfold opulence to us:
Enrich thy votary with gifts.

Bring du uns doch ja nach Tausenden zählenden Reichtum, wenn du dich ergötzest; sei dem Opferspender ein Geber!

Erfreuten Sinnes reiche bald uns tausendfachen Reichthum dar, Sei Spender dem Verehrenden.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प᳓त्नीवन्तः सुता᳓ इम᳓
उश᳓न्तो यन्ति वीत᳓ये
अपां᳓ ज᳓ग्मिर् निचुम्पुणः᳓

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
imé ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

pátnīvantaḥ ← pátnīvant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sutā́ḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}

uśántaḥ ← √vaś- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vītáye ← vītí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

yanti ← √i- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

apā́m ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:F, number:PL}

jágmiḥ ← jágmi- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

nicumpuṇáḥ ← nicumpuṇá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

पत्नी॑ऽवन्तः । सु॒ताः । इ॒मे । उ॒शन्तः॑ । य॒न्ति॒ । वी॒तये॑ ।
अ॒पाम् । जग्मिः॑ । नि॒ऽचु॒म्पु॒णः ॥

• patnīvantaḥ ← patnīvat
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• sutā ← sutāḥ ← suta
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Soma.”

• ima ← ime ← idam
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• uśanto ← uśantaḥ ← vaś
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”

• yanti ← i
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

• vītaye ← vīti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine

• apāṃ ← apām ← ap
• [noun], genitive, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• jagmir ← jagmiḥ ← jagmi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• nicumpuṇaḥ ← nicumpuṇa
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

पत्नीवन्तः । सोमसेकार्थे पत्न्यः पालयित्र्य आपो वसतीवर्य एकधनाश्च । तद्वन्तः सुताः अस्माभिरभिषुताः इमे ग्रहस्थाश्चमसस्थाश्च सोमाः उशन्तः आत्मनः पानं कामयमानाः सन्तः यन्ति इन्द्रं गच्छन्ति । किमर्थम् । वीतये आत्मनः पानाय । किंच निचुम्पुणः । ‘ निचान्तपृणः । (निरु. ५. १७) इति यास्कः । ‘चमु अदने’। निचान्तो भक्षितः पृणः प्रीणयिता । यद्वा । ‘ निचमनेन प्रीणाति’ इति भक्षणेन तर्पयतीति निचुम्पुणः । अभिषुतस्य सोमस्याप्सु प्रक्षेपासंभवात् सामर्थ्यादृजीषरूपः सोमो गृह्यते । तादृशः सोमः अपां जग्मिः । अपामिति ‘न लोकाव्यय इति षष्ठीप्रतिषेधाभावश्छान्दसः । अप इत्यर्थः । यद्वा । अपां मध्यं वापः प्रति वा जग्मिर्गमनशीलः साधुगन्ता वा । सोमश्चेन्द्रं गच्छति । स ह्यवभृथकाल ऋजीषमप्सु प्रास्यन्तीति वचनादप्स्वृजीषरूपः प्रक्षिप्यते । तदाह अपां जग्मिरिति ।

English translation:

“These Soma-libations with their wives proceed (to Indra) longing to be drunk; the stale Soma, plural asingto the taste, goes to the waters.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Yāska, Nirukta 5.18: patnīvantaḥ = with their wives or protectresses: anallusion to the two kinds of water, the vasatīvaryaḥ and the ekadhanāḥ, used in the Soma offerings (AitareyaBrāhmaṇa 2.20). At the time of the avabhṛtha, or concluding ceremonies of purification, the ṛjīṣa or staleSoma is thrown into the waters. nicumpunaṇaḥ = nīcamānena pṛṇāti

These pressed drinks here, accompanied by their wives [=waters], go eagerly in pursuit.
Regularly coming, ever filling [?] is (the wave) of the waters.

Though vītáye is translated as if it were a loc. (“in pursuit”), it is of course a dative, and “Indra” or “you” should probably be supplied as object of the infinitive. The “wives” of the pressed drinks are, acdg. to Sāyaṇa. and followed by Geldner (and me), the waters; in this soma context cows, standing for cows’ milk, are also possible, though the occurrence of waters in c supports Sāyaṇa.’s suggestion.

Pāda c is difficult, primarily because of the uncertain nicumpunáḥ but also because of the genitive case of apā́m. To take the latter issue first, Geldner assumes the referent of the nominative phrase is Indra, as “der … Besucher der Gewässer” (apā́ṃ jágmiḥ). Since jágmi- in the singular is ordinarily used of Indra, this identification makes sense, but jágmi-, like other nominals of the same formation, always takes verbal rection, and the goal is expressed in the acc. (ā́havam II.33.11, nṛṣādanam VII.20.1) or loc. (vidátheṣu I.89.7) - not the gen., as Geldner’s tr. requires. For the baffling nicumpuṇá (and its mantra variants -cuṅkuná- and -caṅkuna) see EWA s.v. with lit. Mayrhofer cites there an etymological suggestion of Werba’s based on a proposed MIA form, meaning ‘always filling’. Though there is, of course, no certainty here, I have adopted this suggestion for want of anything better, though ‘gushing downward’ or Geldner’s ‘sprudelnde (?)’ vel sim. would also work; consider also Oldenberg’s “vielleicht ein dem Wasser innewohnender lustrierender Genius.” In any case, meanings in this sphere do not fit Indra terribly well (as Geldner’s “?” in part indicates), and, coupled with the problem of the case form of apā́m, this suggests that a different referent be sought for the nominatives in this pāda. I tentatively suggest supplying ūrmí- ‘wave’, regularly found with apā́m, esp. in soma contexts.

These juices with their wedded wives flow to enjoyment lovingly:
To waters speeds the restless one.

Diese beweibten Somatränke kommen verlangend, dir zur Lust. Er ist der sprudelnde Besucher der Gewässer.

Mit ihren Weibern gehn voll Lust die Somasäfte zum Genuss, Der Wasserfluten Buhle eilt.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इष्टा᳓ हो᳓त्रा असृक्षत
इ᳓न्द्रं वृधा᳓सो अध्वरे᳓
अ᳓छावभृथ᳓म् ओ᳓जसा

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
asr̥kṣata ← √sr̥j- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

hótrāḥ ← hótrā- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

iṣṭā́ḥ ← √yaj- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}

adhvaré ← adhvará- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

índram ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vr̥dhā́saḥ ← vr̥dhá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

ácha ← ácha (invariable)

avabhr̥thám ← avabhr̥thá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ójasā ← ójas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

इ॒ष्टाः । होत्राः॑ । अ॒सृ॒क्ष॒त॒ । इन्द्र॑म् । वृ॒धासः॑ । अ॒ध्व॒रे ।
अच्छ॑ । अ॒व॒ऽभृ॒थम् । ओज॑सा ॥

• iṣṭā ← iṣṭāḥ ← yaj
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “sacrifice; worship; worship.”

• hotrā ← hotrāḥ ← hotrā
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “hotrā [word]; Hautra.”

• asṛkṣatendraṃ ← asṛkṣata ← sṛj
• [verb], plural, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
• “create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

• asṛkṣatendraṃ ← indram ← indra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• vṛdhāso ← vṛdhāsaḥ ← vṛdha
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “increasing; promotive.”

• adhvare ← adhvara
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “yajña; ceremony; adhvara [word].”

• acchāvabhṛtham ← acchā
• [adverb]
• “towards; accha [prefix].”

• acchāvabhṛtham ← avabhṛtham ← avabhṛtha
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Avabhṛtha; yajña.”

• ojasā ← ojas
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”

अपां जग्मिरिति सामर्थ्यादवभृथदिन एव —- र - वि- जः कुर्वन्तीत्युक्तम् । तत्प्रसङ्गादाह । अध्वरे अस्मदीये यज्ञे वृधासः हविर्भिरिन्द्रं वर्धयन्तः इष्टाः इष्टवन्तो यागं कृतवन्तः सप्तसंख्याकाः होत्राः होत्रकाः अवभृथम् अन्त्यदिवसम् अच्छ प्रति ओजसा स्वतेजसा सहिताः इन्द्रम् असृक्षत विसृजन्ति । यावदवभृथं सप्तहोत्रका यजन्तीति ॥

English translation:

“The sacrificing priests, invigorating (Indra) by their offerings at the sacrifice, have by their mightdismissed him to the avabhṛtha.”

The desirable [/offered] libations, strengthening Indra at the ceremony, have surged
to his down-stroke with their power.

The first word of the verse, iṣṭā́ḥ, can belong either to √iṣ ‘desire’ (or the other √iṣ ‘send’) or √yaj ‘sacrifice, offer’ and should be read as a pun. With Geldner the published translation takes índram as governed by vṛdhā́saḥ (“strengthening Indra” / “den Indra … stärkend”). I took it so because asṛkṣata has a clear acc. goal in c and does not need another one. However, I am increasingly uncomfortable with this interpretation, since vṛdhá- otherwise takes the genitive (see nearby VIII.98.5 sunvató vṛdháḥ and 6 mánor vṛdháḥ), and I would now take índram as another goal with asṛkṣata, hence “… libations, strengthening at the ceremony, have surged to Indra, to his downstroke”).

The word avabhṛthá- in c is found only here in the RV. In classical śrauta ritual the avabhṛtha is the “final bath” taken by the sacrificer and his wife at the conclusion of the ritual, and it is interpreted thus here by Grassmann, and, although Geldner doubts that it is the final bath, he still takes it as a “Reinungsbad.” I am dubious for a number of reasons, not least that no one should be bathing in libations (hótrāḥ) and that the participants in the final bath of later ritual are not gods (as Indra would be here) but mortals. Instead I think that the verbal lexeme áva √bhṛ, lit. ‘bear down’, provides the interpretational context for this noun. In the RV verbal forms of this lexeme sometimes take a weapon in the acc., depicting Indra’s bringing this weapon down on his opponent (e.g., I.32.9 índro asyā áva vádhar jabhāra “Indra brought his weapon down upon her”; also vájram X.113.5), or, with an accusative of the opponent or one of his body parts, of Indra bringing down his enemy (e.g., II.20.6 áva … śíro bharad dāsásaya “he brought down the head of the Dāsa”). Here I think it refers concretely to Indra’s “down-stroke,” which is strengthened by the soma offered to him.

Presented strengthening gifts have sent Indra away at sacrifice,
With might, onto the cleansing bath.

Die dargebrachten Opferspenden haben sich ergossen, den Indra während des Opfers stärkend, hin zu dem Reinigungsbad mit Kraft.

Es strömten Opfergüsse hin, den Indra stärkend bei dem Fest, Ins Läuterungsgefäss mit Macht.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इह᳓ त्या᳓ सधमा᳓दिया
ह᳓री हि᳓रण्यकेशिया
वोळ्हा᳓म् अभि᳓ प्र᳓यो हित᳓म्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
ihá ← ihá (invariable)

sadhamā́dyā ← sadhamā́dya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

tyā́ ← syá- ~ tyá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

hárī ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

híraṇyakeśyā ← híraṇyakeśya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

hitám ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

práyaḥ ← práyas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

voḷhā́m ← √vah- (root)
{number:DU, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

इ॒ह । त्या । स॒ध॒ऽमाद्या॑ । हरी॒ इति॑ । हिर॑ण्यऽकेश्या ।
वो॒ळ्हाम् । अ॒भि । प्रयः॑ । हि॒तम् ॥

• iha
• [adverb]
• “here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”

• tyā ← tya
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
• “that.”

• sadhamādyā ← sadhamādya
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine

• harī ← hari
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
• “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

• hiraṇyakeśyā ← hiraṇya
• [noun]
• “aureate; gold.”

• hiraṇyakeśyā ← keśyā ← keśya
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
• “good for the hair.”

• voﾱhām ← voḍhām ← vah
• [verb], dual, Aorist imperative
• “transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• prayo ← prayaḥ ← prayas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “food; dainty; enjoyment.”

• hitam ← dhā
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

एषा व्याख्याता (ऋ. सं. ८. ३२. २९ ) । अत्रापि वाक्यार्थो विधीयते । सधमाद्या इन्द्रेण सह हविर्भिस्तर्पयितव्यौ यद्वा संग्रामे सह माद्यन्तौ हिरण्यकेश्या हिरण्मयस्कन्धगतकेशवन्तौ त्या तौ प्रसिद्धौ हरी हरितवर्णावेतन्नामकावश्वौ इह अस्मिन् यज्ञे हितं - - वादिषु निहितं हितकरं वा प्रयः हवीरूपमन्नमभिलक्ष्य वोळ्हाम् इन्द्रं वहताम् । प्रापयतामिति ॥

English translation:

“May those two golden-maned steeds together exulting bring him to our wholesome offering.”

Hither let these two feasting companions, the pair of fallow bays with golden manes,
convey (you) to the pleasure set out (for you).

These two who share his feast, Bay Steeds with golden manes, shall bring him to
The banquet that is laid for him.

Hierher sollen die beiden Kumpane, die goldmähnigen Falben fahren zum vorgesetzten Opferschmaus.

Es fahre her der Füchse Paar zum Mahl vereint, mit goldnem Haar, Zu dieser aufgetragnen Kost.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तु᳓भ्यं सो᳓माः सुता᳓ इमे᳓
स्तीर्ण᳓म् बर्हि᳓र् विभावसो
स्तोतृ᳓भ्य इ᳓न्द्रम् आ᳓ वह

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
imé ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sómāḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sutā́ḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}

túbhyam ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

barhíḥ ← barhís- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

stīrṇám ← √str̥̄- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

vibhāvaso ← vibhā́vasu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

índram ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

stotŕ̥bhyaḥ ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

vaha ← √vah- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

तुभ्य॑म् । सोमाः॑ । सु॒ताः । इ॒मे । स्ती॒र्णम् । ब॒र्हिः । वि॒भा॒व॒सो॒ इति॑ विभाऽवसो ।
स्तो॒तृऽभ्यः॑ । इन्द्र॑म् । आ । व॒ह॒ ॥

• tubhyaṃ ← tubhyam ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• somāḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• sutā ← sutāḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “press out; su.”

• ime ← idam
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• stīrṇam ← stṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “spread; kill; lay; cover.”

• barhir ← barhiḥ ← barhis
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “Barhis; barhis [word].”

• vibhāvaso ← vibhāvasu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sun; Surya.”

• stotṛbhya ← stotṛbhyaḥ ← stotṛ
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “laudatory; worshiping.”

• indram ← indra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• vaha ← vah
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”

हे विभावसो विशेषेण भासमानवसुमन् । यद्वा । विशिष्टा भा विभाः प्रकृष्टदीप्तयः । ता निवसन्त्यत्रेति विभावसुरग्निः । हे तादृशाग्ने तुभ्यं त्वदर्थम् इमे सोमाः सुताः अभिषुताः । तथा बर्हिः स्तीर्णम् । तस्मात् स्तोतृभ्यः अस्मभ्यमस्मदर्थम् इन्द्रं सोमपानार्थम् आ वह आह्वय । यज्ञे प्रति प्रापयेत्यर्थः ॥ ॥ २५ ॥

English translation:

“Resplendent (Agni), these Soma-libations are effused for you, the clipped grass is spread; bring Indrahere for his worshippers.”

For you have these soma drinks here been pressed and the ritual grass strewn, o you of radiant goods [=Agni].
Convey Indra hither for the praisers—

The verse begins with a 2nd ps. pronoun túbhyam, and the content of what follows, until the end of b, seems entirely consonant with Indra as the 2nd ps. referent.

However, the vocative closing b, vibhāvaso, otherwise used only of Agni, and the fact that Indra is the 3rd ps. object of the imperative ā́vaha in c, whose subject should be Agni, call the interpretation of the earlier part of the verse into question. Yet it is next to impossible, in my view, that the announcing of the soma drinks in a is made to anyone but Indra, and so we must reckon with a half verse that changed horses in midstream, as it were, without any poetic benefit accruing.

For thee, O Lord of Light, are shed these Soma-drops, and grass is strewn
Bring Indra to his worshippers.

Für dich sind diese Soma´s ausgepreßt, ist das Barhis ausgelegt, du Glanzvoller. Fahre den Indra zu den Sängern!

Dir sind die Soma’s hier gepresst, gestreut der Sitz, o Glänzender, Den Sängern fahr den Indra her.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓ ते द᳓क्षं वि᳓ रोचना᳓
द᳓धद् र᳓त्ना वि᳓ दाशु᳓षे
स्तोतृ᳓भ्य इ᳓न्द्रम् अर्चत

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

dákṣam ← dákṣa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

rocanā́ ← rocaná- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

ví ← ví (invariable)

dádhat ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

dāśúṣe ← dāśváṁs- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

rátnā ← rátna- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

ví ← ví (invariable)

arcata ← √r̥c- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

índram ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

stotŕ̥bhyaḥ ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

आ । ते॒ । दक्ष॑म् । वि । रो॒च॒ना । दध॑त् । रत्ना॑ । वि । दा॒शुषे॑ ।
स्तो॒तृऽभ्यः । इन्द्र॑म् । अ॒र्च॒त॒ ॥

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• dakṣaṃ ← dakṣam ← dakṣa
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Dakṣa; ability; cock; fitness; will; purpose; disposition; cock.”

• vi
• [adverb]
• “apart; away; away.”

• rocanā ← rocana
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “light; celestial sphere.”

• dadhad ← dadhat ← dhā
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• ratnā ← ratna
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “jewel; wealth; best; treasure; vajra; property; jewel; ruby; jewelry.”

• vi
• [adverb]
• “apart; away; away.”

• dāśuṣe ← dāś
• [verb noun], dative, singular
• “sacrifice; give.”

• stotṛbhya ← stotṛbhyaḥ ← stotṛ
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “laudatory; worshiping.”

• indram ← indra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• arcata ← arc
• [verb], plural, Present imperative
• “sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”

ऋषिर्ऋत्विग्यजमानान् प्रत्याह । हे यष्टः दाशुषे इन्द्राय हविर्दत्तवते ते तुभ्यं रोचना रोचनं दीप्यमानं दक्षं बलम् आ आभिमुख्येन वि दधत् इन्द्रो विदधातु । यद्वा । रोचनमिति स्वर्गः । देवतेजसा दीप्तं रोचननामानं लोकं विदधातु । तथा रत्ना रत्नानि च तुभ्यं करोतु ।’ डुधाञ् धारणपोषणयोः’। लेटि ‘घोर्लोपो लेटि वा’ (पा. सू. ७. ३. ७० ) इत्याकारलोपः । अडागमः । हे स्तोतारः स्तोतृभ्यः इन्द्रविषयस्तोत्रकारिभ्यो युष्मभ्यं च बलरत्नादिकमिन्द्रः कुरुताम्। तस्मात् तम् इन्द्रं यूयम् अर्चत हविर्भिः स्तुतिभिश्च पूजयत ॥

English translation:

“May he give strength and his brilliant heaven and precious things to you his worshipper, and to hispraising priests; worship Indra.”

(Agni,) as you diffuse your skill through the luminous realms and distribute treasures to the pious man.
(All of you,) recite to Indra for the praisers.

I do not understand Geldner’s assertion (n. to 26a), that this verse only makes sense if Agni is the speaker, a view shared by Oldenberg I certainly agree that Agni is the subject: I take 26ab as dependent on 25c, where Agni is the 2nd ps. addressee, and take the participle dádhat of b with the objects found in both a and b, with slightly different senses (‘diffuse’ in a, ‘distribute’ in b, both with preverb ví).

The VP “diffuse your skill” refers to Agni’s sending his light upward and outward; the “skill” in question is preumably his ritual skill, his ability to conduct the oblations to heaven.

The 2nd pl. impv. in c must be addressed to the whole set of ritual participants.

Geldner insists (n. to 26c) that stotṛ́bhyaḥ must be read with pāda b, parallel to dāśúṣe “die Kleinode verteile für den Opfernden, für die Sänger,” but the rigid parallelism of the c pādas in this tṛca suggests rather that it belongs with its pāda. Presumably the full set of participants are chanting on behalf of the subset of “praisers.”

May Indra give thee skill, and lights of heaven, wealth to his votary
And priests who praise him: laud ye him.

Ich bringe dir Kraft, indem ich die Lichter, die Kleinode verteile für den Opfernden, für die Sänger. Preiset den Indra!

Dir theil er Kraft und Himmelsglanz und Schätze dem Verehrer zu, Den Sängern stimmt den Indra hold.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓ ते दधामि इन्द्रिय᳓म्
उक्था᳓ वि᳓श्वा शतक्रतो
स्तोतृ᳓भ्य इन्द्र मॄळय+

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

dadhāmi ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

indriyám ← indriyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

śatakrato ← śatákratu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ukthā́ ← ukthá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

víśvā ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

mr̥ḷaya ← √mr̥ḍ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

stotŕ̥bhyaḥ ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

आ । ते॒ । द॒धा॒मि॒ । इ॒न्द्रि॒यम् । उ॒क्था । विश्वा॑ । श॒त॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ शतऽक्रतो ।
स्तो॒तृऽभ्यः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । मृ॒ळ॒य॒ ॥

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• dadhāmīndriyam ← dadhāmi ← dhā
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• dadhāmīndriyam ← indriyam ← indriya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “sense organ; Indriya; sense; power; semen; indriya [word]; mind; penis; manfulness; force.”

• ukthā ← uktha
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “hymn; praise; uktha [word]; encomium.”

• viśvā ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• śatakrato ← śatakratu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• stotṛbhya ← stotṛbhyaḥ ← stotṛ
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “laudatory; worshiping.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• mṛﾱaya ← mṛḍaya ← mṛḍay ← √mṛḍ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “pardon.”

हे शतक्रतो इन्द्र ते तव इन्द्रियं वीर्यवन्तं सोमं विश्वा उक्था सर्वाणि स्तोत्राणि आ दधामि संपादयामि । हे इन्द्र त्वं स्तोतृभ्यः मृळय सुखय ॥

English translation:

“I prepare, Śatakratu, your strong (Soma) and all your praises; be gracious, Indra, to your hymners.”

I establish here your Indrian strength and set out all solemn words for you, o you of a hundred resolves.
Be merciful, Indra, to the praisers.

Again I read the verb ā́… dadhāmi with both pādas, with slightly different senses with the two different objects and with te read as gen. with pāda a and dat. with pāda b.

O Satakratu, wondrous strength and all our lauds I bring to thee:
Be gracious to thy worshippers.

Ich bringe dir Indrakraft, alle Loblieder, du Ratreicher; sei den Sängern barmherzig, Indra!

Dir, Indra, bring ich Indrakraft, dir alle meine Sprüche dar, Kraftreicher, sei den Sängern hold.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

भद्र᳓म्-भद्रं न आ᳓ भर
इ᳓षम् ऊ᳓र्जं शतक्रतो
य᳓द् इन्द्र मॄळ᳓यासि+ नः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

bhadrám-bhadram ← bhadrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

bhara ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

íṣam ← íṣ- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

śatakrato ← śatákratu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ū́rjam ← ū́rj- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

mr̥ḷáyāsi ← √mr̥ḍ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

भ॒द्रम्ऽभ॑द्रम् । नः॒ । आ । भ॒र॒ । इष॑म् । ऊर्ज॑म् । श॒त॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ शतऽक्रतो ।
यत् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । मृ॒ळया॑सि । नः॒ ॥

• bhadraṃ ← bhadram ← bhadra
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “auspicious; lovely; good; happy; bhadra [word]; lucky; fine-looking; beautiful.”

• bhadraṃ ← bhadram ← bhadra
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “auspicious; lovely; good; happy; bhadra [word]; lucky; fine-looking; beautiful.”

• na ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• bhareṣam ← bhara ← bhṛ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

• bhareṣam ← iṣam ← iṣ
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”

• ūrjaṃ ← ūrjam ← ūrj
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “strength; refreshment; vigor; food; strengthening.”

• śatakrato ← śatakratu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• mṛﾱayāsi ← mṛḍayāsi ← mṛḍay ← √mṛḍ
• [verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
• “pardon.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

हे शतक्रतो शतविधकर्मन् शतप्रज्ञ वा इन्द्र भद्रंभद्रं कल्याणतममथ सुखोत्पादकं वा धनं नः अस्मभ्यम् आ भर आसंपादय देहि । तथा इषम् अन्नम् ऊर्जम् अन्नरसं यद्वा बलवदन्नं च देहि । नः अस्मान् यत् यदि मृळयासि सुखयसि तर्हि तद्धनादिकं देहीति । ‘मृड सुखने’। ण्यन्तस्य लेट्याडागमः ॥

English translation:

“Bring us what is most auspicious, Śatakratu, (bring us) food and strength, if you have favour to us,Indra.”

Bring us every good thing, every refreshment and nourishment, o you of a hundred resolves,
when you will show us mercy, Indra. ᳓

Bring to us all things excellent, O Satakratu, food and strength:
For, Indra, thou art kind to us.
2§ O Satakratu, bring to us all blessings, all felicity:
Fbr, Indra, thou art kind to us.

Bring uns alles Gute, Speisegenuß, Stärkung, o Ratreicher, wenn du, Indra, uns barmherzig sein willst!

O führe Heil auf Heil uns zu, vielwirkender und Speis’ und Trank, O sei du, Indra, gnädig uns.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

स᳓ नो वि᳓श्वानि आ᳓ भर
सुविता᳓नि शतक्रतो
य᳓द् इन्द्र मॄळ᳓यासि+ नः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

bhara ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

víśvāni ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

śatakrato ← śatákratu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

suvitā́ni ← suvitá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

mr̥ḷáyāsi ← √mr̥ḍ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

सः । नः॒ । विश्वा॑नि । आ । भ॒र॒ । सु॒वि॒तानि॑ । श॒त॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ शतऽक्रतो ।
यत् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । मृ॒ळया॑सि । नः॒ ॥

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• viśvāny ← viśvāni ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• bhara ← bhṛ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

• suvitāni ← suvita
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “prosperity; well-being.”

• śatakrato ← śatakratu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• mṛﾱayāsi ← mṛḍayāsi ← mṛḍay ← √mṛḍ
• [verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
• “pardon.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

हे शतक्रतो इन्द्र सः पूर्वोक्तलक्षणस्त्वं विश्वानि सर्वाणि सुवितानि । सुष्ठ्वीयते प्राप्यते येष्विति सुवितानि मङ्गलानि । सुपूर्वादेतेः क्ते प्रत्यये उवङादेशः । सर्वानभ्युदयान् नः अस्मभ्यमाहर । हे इन्द्र यदि नः अस्मान् सुखयसि तर्हि धनादिसहितानभ्युदयान् देहीति ॥

English translation:

“Bring us all blessings, Śatakratu, if you have favour to us, Indra.”

Bring us all welfare, o you of a hundred resolves,
when you will show us mercy, Indra. ᳓

स नो॒ विश्वा॒न्या भ॑र सुवि॒तानि॑ शतक्रतो ।
यदि॑न्द्र मृ॒ळया॑सि नः ॥

Bring uns alle Wohlfahrt, o Ratreicher, wenn du, Indra, uns barmherzig sein willst!

So bringe, thatenreicher du, uns alles Wohlergehn herbei, O sei du, Indra, gnädig uns.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तुवा᳓म् इ᳓द् वृत्रहन्तम
सुता᳓वन्तो हवामहे
य᳓द् इन्द्र मॄळ᳓यासि+ नः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
ít ← ít (invariable)

tvā́m ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}

vr̥trahantama ← vr̥trahántama- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

havāmahe ← √hū- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sutā́vantaḥ ← sutā́vant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

mr̥ḷáyāsi ← √mr̥ḍ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

त्वाम् । इत् । वृ॒त्र॒ह॒न्ऽत॒म॒ । सु॒तऽव॑न्तः । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ ।
यत् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । मृ॒ळया॑सि । नः॒ ॥

• tvām ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, singular
• “you.”

• id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• vṛtrahantama ← vṛtra
• [noun], masculine
• “enemy.”

• vṛtrahantama ← hantama
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “killing.”

• sutāvanto ← sutāvantaḥ ← sutāvat
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• havāmahe ← hvā
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “raise; call on; call; summon.”

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• mṛﾱayāsi ← mṛḍayāsi ← mṛḍay ← √mṛḍ
• [verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
• “pardon.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

हे वृत्रहन्तम अतिशयेन वृत्रस्यापामावरकस्य हन्तरिन्द्र सुतवन्तः अभिषुतसोमवन्तो वयम् । इदवधारणे’ । त्वामित् त्वामेव हवामहे । अस्मद्यज्ञमागत्य सोमपानायाह्वयामः । हे इन्द्र नः अस्मान् यदि सुखयसि तर्ह्याह्वयाम इति ॥ ॥ २६ ॥

English translation:

“Bearing the effused libation, we invoke you, mightiest slayer of Vṛtra, if you have favour to us, Indra.”

We who have pressed soma call upon just you, best smiter of Vr̥tra, when you will show us mercy, Indra. ᳓

Bearing the Soma juice we call, best Vrtra-slayer, unto thee:
For, Indra, thou art kind to us.

Nur dich, du Erzfeindetöter, rufen wir bei ausgepreßtem Soma, wenn du, Indra, uns barmherzig sein willst!

Ja dich, o Feind vertilgender, dich rufen Soma bringend wir, O sei du, Indra, gnädig uns.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

उ᳓प नो ह᳓रिभिः सुतं᳓
याहि᳓ मदाना᳐म् पते
उ᳓प नो ह᳓रिभिः सुत᳓म्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
háribhiḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sutám ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

úpa ← úpa (invariable)

madānām ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

pate ← páti- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yāhí ← √yā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

háribhiḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sutám ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

úpa ← úpa (invariable)

उप॑ । नः॒ । हरि॑ऽभिः । सु॒तम् । या॒हि । म॒दा॒ना॒म् । प॒ते॒ ।
उप॑ । नः॒ । हरि॑ऽभिः । सु॒तम् ॥

• upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• haribhiḥ ← hari
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

• sutaṃ ← sutam ← suta
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma.”

• yāhi ← yā
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

• madānām ← mada
• [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
• “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

• pate ← pati
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”

• upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• haribhiḥ ← hari
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

• sutam ← suta
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma.”

हे मदानां पते । माद्यन्तेऽनेनेति मदाः सोमाः। ‘मदोऽनुपसर्गे’ इति करणेऽप्प्रत्ययः । सोमानां स्वामिन्निन्द्र हरिभिः ‘आ शतेन हरिभिः’ (ऋ. सं. २.१८.६ ) इत्यादिषु बहूनामश्वानां श्रुतेरत्रापि शतसहस्रसंख्याकैरश्वैः सह नः अस्माकं यज्ञे सुतम् अभिषुतं सोमम् उप याहि । तत्पानार्थं शीघ्रमायाहि । पुनः उप नः इत्यादरार्थः ॥

English translation:

“Come with your steeds to our effused libation, lord of the Soma– come with your steds to our effusedlibation.”

Right up to our pressed soma with your fallow bays—drive, o lord of exhilarating drinks—
right up to our pressed soma with your fallow bays. ᳓

Come, Lord of rapturous, joys, to our libation with thy Bay Steeds, come
To our libation with thy Steeds.

Komm mit den Falben zu unserem Soma, du Herr der Räusche, mit den Falben zu unserem Soma!

O komme mit den Füchsen her, zum Soma, Herr der Tränke du, Mit Füchsen komm zu unserm Trank.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

द्विता᳓ यो᳓ वृत्रह᳓न्तमो
विद᳓ इ᳓न्द्रः शत᳓क्रतुः
उ᳓प नो ह᳓रिभिः सुत᳓म्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
dvitā́ ← dvitā́ (invariable)

vr̥trahántamaḥ ← vr̥trahántama- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śatákratuḥ ← śatákratu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vidáḥ ← √vid- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

háribhiḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sutám ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

úpa ← úpa (invariable)

द्वि॒ता । यः । वृ॒त्र॒हन्ऽत॑मः । वि॒दे । इन्द्रः॑ । श॒तऽक्र॑तुः ।
उप॑ । नः॒ । हरि॑ऽभिः । सु॒तम् ॥

• dvitā
• [adverb]
• “again.”

• yo ← yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• vṛtrahantamo ← vṛtra
• [noun], masculine
• “enemy.”

• vṛtrahantamo ← hantamaḥ ← hantama
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “killing.”

• vida ← vide ← vid
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

• indraḥ ← indra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• śatakratuḥ ← śatakratu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• haribhiḥ ← hari
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

• sutam ← suta
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma.”

वृत्रहन्तमः अतिशयेन वृत्रस्य हन्ता शतक्रतुः नानाविधकर्मा यः इन्द्रः द्विता द्विधा विदे वृत्रवधादावुग्रकर्मा जगद्रक्षणकाले शान्तकर्मेति द्विप्रकारेण सर्वैर्ज्ञायते । विद ज्ञाने’। कर्मणि विहितस्य तप्रत्ययस्य लोपस्त आत्मनेपदेषु’ इति तलोपः । स त्वं हरिभिः सह सुतं सोममुपयाहि ॥

English translation:

“Indra, Śatakratu, mightiest slayer of Vṛtra, you whose power is known in a two-fold way, come withyour steeds to our effused libation.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Whose power is known in a two-fold way: i.e., you are known in your terribleform as the slayer of Vṛtra, etc., and in your merciful form as the protector of the world

He who is known, now as before, as Indra, best smiter of Vr̥tra, possessing a hundred resolves—
right up to our pressed soma with your fallow bays. ᳓

Known as best Vrtra-slayer erst, as Indra Satakratu, come
With Bay Steeds to the juice we shed.

Der doppelt, als der Erzfeindetöter und als der ratreiche Indra, bekannt ist, komm mit den Falben zu unserem Soma!

Der als der Feind vertilgende sich, Indra, reich an Thaten zeigt, Mit Füchsen komm zu unserm Trank.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

त्वं᳓ हि᳓ वृत्रहन्न् एषा᳐म्
पाता᳓ सो᳓माना᳐म् अ᳓सि
उ᳓प नो ह᳓रिभिः सुत᳓म्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
eṣām ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

hí ← hí (invariable)

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

vr̥trahan ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ási ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

pātā́ ← pātár- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sómānām ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

háribhiḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sutám ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

úpa ← úpa (invariable)

त्वम् । हि । वृ॒त्र॒ऽह॒न् । ए॒षा॒म् । पा॒ता । सोमा॑नाम् । असि॑ ।
उप॑ । नः॒ । हरि॑ऽभिः । सु॒तम् ॥

• tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• hi
• [adverb]
• “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

• vṛtrahann ← vṛtrahan
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• eṣām ← idam
• [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• pātā ← pā
• [verb], singular, periphrast. future
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• somānām ← soma
• [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• asi ← as
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• haribhiḥ ← hari
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

• sutam ← suta
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma.”

हे वृत्रहन् वृत्रस्य पापस्य वा हन्तरिन्द्र । हिशब्दो हेत्वर्थे। यस्मात् त्वम् एषाम् अस्मदीयानां सोमानां पाता पानकर्ता असि भवसि । एषाम् इति इदमोऽन्वादेशे अशोदेशोऽनुदात्तश्च । अतस्त्वम् अश्वैः सह सोमं पातुमुपयाहि आगच्छ ॥

English translation:

“Slayer of Vṛtra, you are the drinker of these Soma juices, come with your steeds to our effused libation.”

For you, Vr̥tra-smiter, are the drinker of these soma-drinks—
right up to our pressed soma with your fallow bays. ᳓

O Vrtra-slayer, thou art he who drinks these drops of Soma: come
With Bay Steeds to the juice we shed.

Denn du, Vritratöter, bist der Trinker dieser Soma´s; komm mit den Falben zu unserem Soma!

Denn du, o Vritratödter, bist’s, der diese Somasäfte trinkt, Mit Füchsen komm zu unserm Trank.

• इन्द्र:
• सुकक्षः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्र ऋभवश्च
• ऋषिः - सुकक्षः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इ᳓न्द्र इषे᳓ ददातु न
ऋभुक्ष᳓णम् ऋभुं᳓ रयि᳓म्
वाजी᳓ ददातु वाजि᳓नम्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
dadātu ← √dā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iṣé ← íṣ- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

r̥bhukṣáṇam ← r̥bhukṣán- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

r̥bhúm ← r̥bhú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

dadātu ← √dā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vājī́ ← vājín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vājínam ← vājín- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

इन्द्रः॑ । इ॒षे । द॒दा॒तु॒ । नः॒ । ऋ॒भु॒क्षण॑म् । ऋ॒भुम् । र॒यिम् ।
वा॒जी । द॒दा॒तु॒ । वा॒जिन॑म् ॥

• indra ← indraḥ ← indra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• iṣe ← iṣ
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”

• dadātu ← dā
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

• na ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• ṛbhukṣaṇam ← ṛbhukṣan
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• ṛbhuṃ ← ṛbhum ← ṛbhu
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “adept.”

• rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• vājī ← vājin
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “victorious; triumphant; strong; gainful.”

• dadātu ← dā
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

• vājinam ← vājin
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “victorious; triumphant; strong; gainful.”

इन्द्रः एवास्माभिः स्तुत इष्टः सन् ऋभुक्षणम् । ‘वा षपूर्वस्य’ इति दीर्घाभावः । यागादिकर्मकरणेन महान्तं सर्वेषां भ्रातॄणां श्रेष्ठं वा । अथवा तृतीयसवने प्रजापतिसवित्रोर्मध्ये सोमपातृत्वात् महान्तम् । रयिं दातारम् ऋभुं सोमपानेनामर्त्यत्वं प्राप्तं तादृशमेतन्नामकं देवं नः अस्मभ्यम् इषे अन्नार्थं ददातु प्रयच्छतु । तथा वाजी बलवानिन्द्रः वाजिनं बलवन्तमन्नवन्तं वा वाजनामानं कनीयांसं भ्रातरं च अस्माकमन्नलाभाय ददातु ॥ ॥ २७ ॥ ॥ ९ ॥

English translation:

“May Indra bring to us the bounteous Ṛbhu Ṛbhukṣaṇa to partake of our sacrificial viands; may he,the mighty, bring the mighty (Vāja).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ṛbhukṣaṇa: was the eldest and Vāja the youngest of three brotherṣThe Ṛbhus have a share in the evening libation between Prajāpati and Savitā (Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 3.30);the ṛca is addressed to the Ṛbhus in the evening libation on the ninth day of the dvādaśāha ceremony(Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 5.21)

Let Indra give us the wealth belonging to craft [/R̥bhu] as the
craftsmaster [/R̥bhukṣan] for our refreshment.
Let the prizewinner give a prizewinner.

As noted in the published introduction, this verse falls outside the tṛca structure and seems unconnected to the rest of the hymn. As Geldner points out, it plays on two of the names of the Ṛbhus, ṛbhú- itself and vā́ja-. Note also the alliteration, esp. in pāda b: ṛbhukṣáṇam ṛbhúṃ rayím.

May Indra give, to aid us, wealth handy that rules the Skilful Ones:
Yea, may the Strong give potent wealth.

Indra soll uns zur Erlabung einen Schatz schenken, der wie Ribhuksan der erste ist, einen Ribhugeschaffenen, der Sieghafte ein sieghaftes Streitroß.

Es gebe Indra uns zum Heil, Ribhukschan, Ribhu, Vadscha uns labungsreiches Gut.

• इन्द्र ऋभवश्च
• सुकक्षः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः