०८३

• देवता - विश्वेदेवाः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

देवा᳓नाम् इ᳓द् अ᳓वो मह᳓त्
त᳓द् आ᳓ वृणीमहे वय᳓म्
वृ᳓ष्णाम् अस्म᳓भ्यम् ऊत᳓ये

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ávaḥ ← ávas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

devā́nām ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

ít ← ít (invariable)

mahát ← mahā́nt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

tát ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

vayám ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:PL}

vr̥ṇīmahe ← √vr̥- ~ vr̥̄- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

asmábhyam ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:PL}

ūtáye ← ūtí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

vŕ̥ṣṇām ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

दे॒वाना॑म् । इत् । अवः॑ । म॒हत् । तत् । आ । वृ॒णी॒म॒हे॒ । व॒यम् ।
वृष्णा॑म् । अ॒स्मभ्य॑म् । ऊ॒तये॑ ॥

• devānām ← deva
• [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• avo ← avaḥ ← avas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “aid; favor; protection.”

• mahat
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”

• tad ← tat ← tad
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• vṛṇīmahe ← vṛ
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “choose; ask.”

• vayam ← mad
• [noun], nominative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• vṛṣṇām ← vṛṣan
• [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
• “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

• asmabhyam ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• ūtaye ← ūti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “aid; favor; ūti [word].”

हे देवाः देवानां स्वतेजसा सर्वतो दीप्यमानानाम् । इत् एवार्थे । युष्माकमेव महत् व्याप्तं महनीयं वा अवः पालनं यद्विद्यते तत् वृष्णां कामानां वर्षितॄणां युष्माकं स्वभूतं तत् रक्षणं यजमानाः वयम् आ वृणीमहे समन्तात्संभजामहे । किमर्थम् । अस्मभ्यमूतये । पूर्वमस्मभ्यमस्मदर्थमिति साधारण्येनोक्त्वा तद्विशिनष्टि ऊतय इति । अस्माकं पालनायेति ॥

English translation:

“We solicit that might protection of the desire-raining deities in our own behalf, for our own help.”

We would choose the great help of the gods,
of the bulls, to aid us.

WE choose unto ourselves that high protection of the Mighty Gods
That it may help and succour us.

Die große Gunst der Götter, der Bullen, die erbitten wir uns zum Beistand.

Der Götter grosse Förderung, die wünschen wir uns recht herbei, Der kräftigen zum Segen uns.

• विश्वेदेवा:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - विश्वेदेवाः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

ते᳓ नः सन्तु यु᳓जः स᳓दा
व᳓रुणो मित्रो᳓ अर्यमा᳓
वृधा᳓सश् च प्र᳓चेतसः

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sádā ← sádā (invariable)

santu ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

té ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

yújaḥ ← yúj- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

aryamā́ ← áryaman- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

mitráḥ ← mitrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

váruṇaḥ ← váruṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ca ← ca (invariable)

prácetasaḥ ← prácetas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

vr̥dhā́saḥ ← vr̥dhá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

ते । नः॒ । स॒न्तु॒ । युजः॑ । सदा॑ । वरु॑णः । मि॒त्रः । अ॒र्य॒मा ।
वृ॒धासः॑ । च॒ । प्रऽचे॑तसः ॥

• te ← tad
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• santu ← as
• [verb], plural, Present imperative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• yujaḥ ← yuj
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “ally; friend; pair; two; companion.”

• sadā
• [adverb]
• “always; continually; always; perpetually.”

• varuṇo ← varuṇaḥ ← varuṇa
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

• mitro ← mitraḥ ← mitra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”

• aryamā ← aryaman
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Aryaman; aryaman [word]; sun.”

• vṛdhāsaś ← vṛdhāsaḥ ← vṛdha
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “increasing; promotive.”

• ca
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; then; now; even.”

• pracetasaḥ ← pracetas
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “intelligent; mindful; attentive; wise; apt; observant.”

ते देवाः वरुणः शत्रूणां निवारकः मित्रः सर्वेषां मित्रभूतः अर्यमा[१] सततं गच्छन् एतन्नामकास्ते त्रयो देवाः सदा सर्वदा सर्वेषु कालेषु नः अस्माकं युजः सहायाः सन्तु भवन्तु । अग्निहोत्रादिकर्मणि इन्द्रादिदेवाः सहागमनादियज्ञपरिसमापनान्तेषु साहाय्यं कुर्वन्त्वित्यर्थः । ततः प्रचेतसः प्रकृष्टज्ञानाः । यद्वा । चेतः स्तोत्रम् । शोभनस्तुतयः। ते देवाः वृधासः वर्धकाः च अस्माकं धनादिदानेन वर्धयितारश्च सन्तु ॥

English translation:

“May those (deities) Varuṇa, Mitra and Aryaman, be ever our allies and supremeley wise helpers.”

Let them be our yokemates always—Varuṇa, Mitra, Aryaman—
and forethoughtful strengtheners.

viṣpitá- occurs only twice in Skt., here and in VII.60.7. In both occurrences it is the obj. of √pṛ ‘carry across, deliver’, and in both cases there is watery/nautical imagery. Its general value is clear – a danger that is conceptually like a perilous water crossing – but it has no good etymology. See EWA s.v. _________ 05
Pādas ab appear to be a single clause with the middle part. ī́śānāsaḥ predicated to function as main verb. [Note in passing that Aufr’s typo ī́śānāśo with palatal, pointed out by Oldenberg, has been taken over uncorrected into the Holland & van Nooten Rig Veda edition text.] My tr. of c roughly follows Geldner’s, though I have rendered īm (“it”). He supplies a form of √naś ‘reach’, on the basis of VIII.47.1 … ném aghám naśat “evil will not reach him.” I am hesitant about this interpr. because it requires supplying a main verb with no support in context, but I don’t see a viable alternative. Renou takes c as contrastive with ab, with aghásya parallel to vāmásya (“vous êtes…les régisseurs de la grace / non point … ceux du maléfice”), but he doesn’t explain the syntax, esp.

what he does with yát, which certainly shouldn’t represent his “ceux.”

May they be ever our allies, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman,
Far-seeing Gods who prosper us.

Die sollen immerdar unsere Bundesgenossen sein, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman und unsere vorsorgenden Förderer.

Sie seien stets Genossen uns, Varuna, Mitra, Arjaman Und Förderer die weisen uns.

• विश्वेदेवा:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - विश्वेदेवाः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अ᳓ति नो विष्पिता᳓ पुरु᳓
नौभि᳓र् अपो᳓ न᳓ पर्षथ
यूय᳓म् ऋत᳓स्य रथियः

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
áti ← áti (invariable)

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

purú ← purú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

viṣpitā́ ← viṣpitá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

apáḥ ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

ná ← ná (invariable)

naubhíḥ ← naú- ~ nā́v- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

parṣatha ← √pr̥- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

rathyaḥ ← rathī́- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

r̥tásya ← r̥tá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

yūyám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:PL}

अति॑ । नः॒ । वि॒ष्पि॒ता । पु॒रु । नौ॒भिः । अ॒पः । न । प॒र्ष॒थ॒ ।
यू॒यम् । ऋ॒तस्य॑ । र॒थ्यः॒ ॥

• ati
• [adverb]
• “very; excessively; beyond; excessively.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• viṣpitā ← viṣpita
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “difficulty.”

• puru
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “many; much(a); very.”

• naubhir ← naubhiḥ ← nau
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “ship; boat; nau [word].”

• apo ← apaḥ ← ap
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• parṣatha ← pṛ
• [verb], plural, Aorist conj./subj.
• “protect; promote; rescue; help.”

• yūyam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, plural
• “you.”

• ṛtasya ← ṛta
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

• rathyaḥ ← rathī
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

ऋतस्य सत्यस्य यज्ञस्य वा हे रथ्यः नेतारो देवाः। यद्वा । ऋतस्येति संबन्धि— त्वात्कर्ताक्षिप्यते । यज्ञस्य साधका हे रथ्यो रथवन्तो देवाः विष्पिता विष्पितानि विप्राप्तानि विततानि पुरु । सुपो लुक् । पुरूणि बहूनि शत्रुबलानि कर्माणि वा नः अस्मान् अति पर्षथ पारं समाप्तिं रक्षणैर्गमयत । तत्र दृष्टान्तः। नौभिरपो न । यथा नाविकोऽप उदकानि नौभिर्जनास्तीरं प्रति प्रापयति तद्वत् ॥

English translation:

“Charioteers of the sacrifice, do you conduct us through the many wide- spread (forces of our enemies)as in ships across the waters.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Conduct our (sacrifices) to completion through the many widespread (forces ofour enemies)

You carry us across many perils [?], as if across the waters with boats— you charioteers of truth.

Ye furtherers of holy Law, transport us safe o’er many woes,
As over water-floods in ships.

Führet uns über die vielen Gefahren hinweg wie mit Schiffen über die Gewässer! Ihr seid die Lenker der wahrhaften Rede.

Durch viel Gefahren führet uns gleich wie auf Schiffen durch das Meer, Des Rechtes Wagenlenker ihr.

• विश्वेदेवा:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - विश्वेदेवाः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

वामं᳓ नो अस्तु अर्यमन्
वामं᳓ वरुण शं᳓सियम्
वामं᳓ हि᳓ आवृणीम᳓हे

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
aryaman ← áryaman- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

astu ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

vāmám ← vāmá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

śáṁsyam ← śáṁsya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

vāmám ← vāmá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

varuṇa ← váruṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

āvr̥ṇīmáhe ← √vr̥- ~ vr̥̄- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

hí ← hí (invariable)

vāmám ← vāmá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

वा॒मम् । नः॒ । अ॒स्तु॒ । अ॒र्य॒म॒न् । वा॒मम् । व॒रु॒ण॒ । शंस्य॑म् ।
वा॒मम् । हि । आ॒ऽवृ॒णी॒महे॑ ॥

• vāmaṃ ← vāmam ← vāma
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “agreeable; vāma [word]; beautiful.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• astv ← astu ← as
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• aryaman
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Aryaman; aryaman [word]; sun.”

• vāmaṃ ← vāmam ← vāma
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “agreeable; vāma [word]; beautiful.”

• varuṇa
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

• śaṃsyam ← śaṃs
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “recommend; tell; praise; approve; communicate; recite; commend; bode; name; agree.”

• vāmaṃ ← vāmam ← vāma
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “agreeable; vāma [word]; beautiful.”

• hy ← hi
• [adverb]
• “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

• āvṛṇīmahe ← āvṛ ← √vṛ
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “prefer; choose.”

हे अर्यमन् देव वामं वननीयं संभजनीयं धनं नः अस्माकम् अस्तु भवतु । हे वरुण शंस्यं सर्वं शंसनीयं स्तुत्य वामं धनमस्माकमस्तु । कुतः । हिशब्दो हेतौ । यस्मात्कारणाद्वयं वामं धनं युष्मान् आवृणीमहे याचामह इत्यर्थः ।

English translation:

“Be wealth ours, Aryaman– wealth worthy to be praised, Varuṇa; it is wealth which we ask.”

Let there be a treasure for us, o Aryaman; a treasure worthy of praise, o Varuṇa,
for we would choose a treasure.

Dear wealth be Aryaman to us, Varuna dear wealth meet for praise:
Dear wealth we choose unto ourselves.

Glück soll uns werden, Aryaman, preisliches Glück, Varuna, denn das Glück erbitten wir.

Uns werde Schatz, o Arjaman, gepries’ner Schatz, o Varuna; Denn schönen Schatz begehren wir.

• विश्वेदेवा:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• पादनिचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - विश्वेदेवाः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

वाम᳓स्य हि᳓ प्रचेतस
ई᳓शानाशो रिशादसः
ने᳓म् आदित्या अघ᳓स्य य᳓त्

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
hí ← hí (invariable)

pracetasaḥ ← prácetas- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

vāmásya ← vāmá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

ī́śānāsaḥ ← √īś- (root)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL, voice:MED}

riśādasaḥ ← riśā́das- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

ādityāḥ ← ādityá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

aghásya ← aghá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

īm ← īm (invariable)

ná ← ná (invariable)

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

वा॒मस्य॑ । हि । प्र॒ऽचे॒त॒सः॒ । ईशा॑नासः । रि॒शा॒द॒सः॒ ।
न । ई॒म् । आ॒दि॒त्याः॒ । अ॒घस्य॑ । यत् ॥

• vāmasya ← vāma
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “agreeable; vāma [word]; beautiful.”

• hi
• [adverb]
• “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

• pracetasa ← pracetasaḥ ← pracetas
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “intelligent; mindful; attentive; wise; apt; observant.”

• īśānāso ← īśānāsaḥ ← īś
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

• riśādasaḥ ← riśādas
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “superior; superior; proud.”

• nem ← na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• nem ← īm ← īṃ
• [adverb]

• ādityā ← ādityāḥ ← āditya
• [noun], vocative, plural, masculine
• “sun; Aditya; Surya; āditya [word].”

• aghasya ← agha
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “bad; dangerous; ill; iniquitous; bad.”

• yat ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

हे प्रचेतसः प्रकृष्टज्ञानाः शोभनस्तुतयो वा हे रिशादसः रिशतां हिंसतां शत्रूणामसितारः क्षेप्तारो देवा यूयं वामस्य वननीयस्य धनस्य ईशानासः ईशानाः। हिरवधारणे । ईशाना एव स्वामिन एव भवथ । तस्माद्युष्मान् याचामह इत्यर्थः । ईशानाः । ईश ऐश्वर्यं । अनुदात्तेत् । ‘ तास्यनुदात्तेत् ’ इति स्वरेणाद्युदात्तता भवति । न संबुद्धिः । ततो हे आदित्याः अदितेः पुत्रा देवाः ईम् एनं याचमानं मां तद्धनं न प्राप्नोतु यत् धनम् अघस्य पापस्य संबन्धि विद्यते ॥ ॥३॥

English translation:

“Mighty in wisdom, repellers of enemies, you are the lords of wealth; be not mine the wealth, Ādityas,which belongs to sin.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Be not mine: na prāpnotu

For you forethoughtful ones, who care for the stranger, are holding sway over a treasure.
What belongs to evil (shall) not (reach) it, o Ādityas.

For Sovrans of dear wealth are ye, Adityas, not of sinner’s wealth,
Ye sapient Gods who slay the foe.

Denn ihr Vorsorgende, Herrenstolze verfüget über das Glück. Nicht soll uns das treffen, was dem Bösen gebührt, o Aditya´s.

Denn über Schatz gebietet ihr, o weise, Feindverzehrer ihr, Aditja’s, den der Feind nicht raubt.

• विश्वेदेवा:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - विश्वेदेवाः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

वय᳓म् इ᳓द् वः सुदानवः
क्षिय᳓न्तो या᳓न्तो अ᳓ध्वन् आ᳓
दे᳓वा वृधा᳓य हूमहे

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ít ← ít (invariable)

sudānavaḥ ← sudā́nu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

vaḥ ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

vayám ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:PL}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

ádhvan ← ádhvan- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

kṣiyántaḥ ← √kṣi- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

yā́ntaḥ ← √yā- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

dévāḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

hūmahe ← √hū- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

vr̥dhā́ya ← vr̥dhá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

व॒यम् । इत् । वः॒ । सु॒ऽदा॒न॒वः॒ । क्षि॒यन्तः॑ । यान्तः॑ । अध्व॑न् । आ ।
देवाः॑ । वृ॒धाय॑ । हू॒म॒हे॒ ॥

• vayam ← mad
• [noun], nominative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• vaḥ ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “you.”

• sudānavaḥ ← sudānu
• [noun], vocative, plural, masculine
• “big; lavish.”

• kṣiyanto ← kṣiyantaḥ ← kṣi
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “govern; inhabit; dwell; stay; predominate; bide; own.”

• yānto ← yāntaḥ ← yā
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

• adhvann ← adhvan
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “way; journey; adhvan [word]; time; path; method; road; time; distance.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• devā ← devāḥ ← deva
• [noun], vocative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• vṛdhāya ← vṛdha
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “increasing; promotive.”

• hūmahe ← hvā
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “raise; call on; call; summon.”

हे सुदानवः शोभनदाना हे देवाः क्षियन्तः गृहेष्वग्निहोत्रार्थं निवसन्तः अध्वन् । सुपो लुक्। अध्वनि समिदाहरणार्थं यान्तः गच्छन्तोऽपि वयं वः इत् युष्मानेव वृधाय हविर्भिर्वर्धनाय हूमहे आह्वयामः । यद्वा । वयं गृहेषु गृहान्निर्गमनकाले मार्गेषु च वृधायास्माकं धनादिभिर्वर्धनायाह्वयामः ॥

English translation:

“Bounteous deities, whether we dwell at home or go abroad on the road, we invoke you only to benourished by our oblations.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Whether we dwell at home: whether we remain at home to perform the agnihotraetc., or go forth in the roads to collect fuel, etc.; to be nourished by our oblations: or, to enrich us with wealth

O you of good gifts, we, whether dwelling peacefully or traveling on our route, call upon you, gods, for strengthening.

We in our homes, ye Baunteous Ones, and while we journey on the road,
Invoke you, Gods, to prosper us.

Wir rufen euch, ihr gabenschönen Götter, zum Gedeihen, wenn wir rasten und unterwegs auf der Fahrt.

Wir rufen, gabenreiche, euch, daheim und auf der Reise an, O Götter, uns zur Förderung.

• विश्वेदेवा:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - विश्वेदेवाः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अ᳓धि न इन्द्र एषां᳐
वि᳓ष्णो सजाति᳓याना᳐म्
इता᳓ म᳓रुतो अ᳓श्विना

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ádhi ← ádhi (invariable)

eṣām ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sajātyā̀nām ← sajātyà- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:PL}

víṣṇo ← víṣṇu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

áśvinā ← aśvín- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

itá ← √i- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

márutaḥ ← marút- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

अधि॑ । नः॒ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । ए॒षा॒म् । विष्णो॒ इति॑ । स॒ऽजा॒त्या॑नाम् ।
इ॒त । मरु॑तः । अश्वि॑ना ॥

• adhi
• [adverb]
• “on; from; accordingly.”

• na ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• indraiṣāṃ ← indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indraiṣāṃ ← eṣām ← idam
• [noun], genitive, plural, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• viṣṇo ← viṣṇu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Vishnu; Krishna; Viṣṇu; Om; Shiva.”

• sajātyānām ← sajātya
• [noun], genitive, plural, neuter
• “relatedness.”

• itā ← ita ← i
• [verb], plural, Present imperative
• “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

• maruto ← marutaḥ ← marut
• [noun], vocative, plural, masculine
• “Marut; vāta; wind; Vayu.”

• aśvinā ← aśvin
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “Asvins; two.”

हे इन्द्र विष्णो मरुतः हे अश्विना अश्विनौ हे इन्द्रादयो देवाः सजात्यानाम् । समानायां जातौ भवाः सजात्या भ्रातृमित्रादयः । तेषाम् एषां मध्ये नः अस्मान् अधि इत यूयं स्तुत्यतयाधिगच्छत ॥

English translation:

“Come to us, Indra, Viṣṇu, Maruts, and Ādityas, from the midst of these your brethren.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Your brethreṅMitra etc.

O Indra, Viṣṇu, Maruts, Aśvins—of these your common births with us take cognizance.

Regard us, Indra, Visnu, here, ye Asvins and the Marut host,
Us who are kith and kin to you.

Gedenket dieser Landsmannschaft mit uns, Indra, Vishnu, Marut, Asvin!

Gedenket Indra, Vischnu doch, o Maruts, Ritter, recht daran, Wie nah mit euch verwandt wir sind.

• विश्वेदेवा:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• स्वराडार्चीगायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - विश्वेदेवाः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प्र᳓ भ्रातृत्वं᳓ सुदानवो
अ᳓ध द्विता᳓ समानिया᳓
मातु᳓र् ग᳓र्भे भरामहे

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
bhrātr̥tvám ← bhrātr̥tvá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)

sudānavaḥ ← sudā́nu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

ádha ← ádha (invariable)

dvitā́ ← dvitā́ (invariable)

samānyā́ ← samāná- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

bharāmahe ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

gárbhe ← gárbha- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

mātúḥ ← mātár- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:F, number:SG}

प्र । भ्रा॒तृ॒ऽत्वम् । सु॒ऽदा॒न॒वः॒ । अध॑ । द्वि॒ता । स॒मा॒न्या ।
मा॒तुः । गर्भे॑ । भ॒रा॒म॒हे॒ ॥

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• bhrātṛtvaṃ ← bhrātṛ
• [noun], masculine
• “brother; bhrātṛ; relative.”

• bhrātṛtvaṃ ← tvam ← tva
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “state; quality; cause; reason.”

• sudānavo ← sudānavaḥ ← sudānu
• [noun], vocative, plural, masculine
• “big; lavish.”

• ‘dha ← adha
• [adverb]
• “then; and; therefore; now.”

• dvitā
• [adverb]
• “again.”

• samānyā
• [adverb]

• mātur ← mātuḥ ← mātṛ
• [noun], genitive, singular, feminine
• “mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”

• garbhe ← garbha
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “fetus; garbha; inside; cavity; embryo; uterus; child; pit; garbhadruti; filling; pregnancy; room; abdomen; fertilization; inside; hole; baby; calyx; midst.”

• bharāmahe ← bhṛ
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

हे सुदानवः शोभनदाना आदित्याः अध अथ अस्मत्प्रत्यागमनानन्तरं वयं समान्या सामान्येन । सुपो ड्यादेशः । पूर्वं सर्वेषां देवानां सांहत्येन ततः द्विता द्विधा द्विप्रकारेण च मातुः अदितेः गर्भे संजातं यद्युष्माकं भ्रातृत्वं विद्यते तदिदानीं वयं प्र भरामहे । प्रभरणमुच्चारणं प्रकाशनं वा । उच्चारयामः प्रकाशयामो वा । सर्वेषां देवानां द्वंद्वशो जननं तैत्तिरीयके स्पष्टमभिहितम् – ‘ अदितिः पुत्रकामा साध्येभ्यो देवेभ्यो ब्रह्मौदनमपचत्’ (तै. सं. ६. ५. ६) इत्युपक्रम्य ‘तस्यै पूषा चार्यमा चाजायेताम् ’ इत्यादिना । ।

English translation:

“Bounteous (deities), we forthwith proclaim aloud that brotherhood of yours in mother’s womb, (first) incommon union, then as born in diverse manner.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The legend (Taittirīya Saṃhitā 6.5.6): Aditi is represented asoffering a certain offering to the gods, and as conceiving four of the Ādityas on eating the remainder which theygave to her. Thinking to conceive a still nobler offspring, she next eats the whole of the second offering herself,but she only conceives a barren egg. She then offers the third offering to the Ādityas and conceives Vivasvat

You of good gifts, now once again in the same way we bring to the fore our brotherhood with you
in the womb of our mother.

Ye Bounteous Ones, from time of old we here set forth our brotherhood,
Our kinship in. the Mother’s womb.

Darum bringen wir abermals die Bruderschaft gemeinsam im Leibe der Mutter vor, ihr Gabenschöne.

Wir tragen eure Brüderschaft gemeinsam, o schöngebende, An uns schon in der Mutter Leib.

• विश्वेदेवा:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - विश्वेदेवाः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

यूयं᳓ हि᳓ ष्ठा᳓ सुदानव
इ᳓न्द्रज्येष्ठा अभि᳓द्यवः
अ᳓धा चिद् व उत᳓ ब्रुवे

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
hí ← hí (invariable)

sthá ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sudānavaḥ ← sudā́nu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:PL}

yūyám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:PL}

abhídyavaḥ ← abhídyu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

índrajyeṣṭhāḥ ← índrajyeṣṭha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

ádha ← ádha (invariable)

bruve ← √brū- (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

cit ← cit (invariable)

utá ← utá (invariable)

vaḥ ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

यू॒यम् । हि । स्थ । सु॒ऽदा॒न॒वः॒ । इन्द्र॑ऽज्येष्ठाः । अ॒भिऽद्य॑वः ।
अध॑ । चि॒त् । वः॒ । उ॒त । ब्रु॒वे॒ ॥

• yūyaṃ ← yūyam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, plural
• “you.”

• hi
• [adverb]
• “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

• ṣṭhā ← stha ← as
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• sudānava ← sudānavaḥ ← sudānu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “big; lavish.”

• indrajyeṣṭhā ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrajyeṣṭhā ← jyeṣṭhāḥ ← jyeṣṭha
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “firstborn; best; first; excellent; highest; jyeṣṭha [word].”

• abhidyavaḥ ← abhidyu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “celestial; brilliant.”

• adhā ← adha
• [adverb]
• “then; and; therefore; now.”

• cid ← cit
• [adverb]
• “even; indeed.”

• va ← vaḥ ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “you.”

• uta
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

• bruve ← brū
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”

पूर्वोऽर्धर्चः सिद्धः । हे सुदानवः शोभनदाना देवाः इन्द्रज्येष्ठाः । इन्द्रो ज्येष्ठो मुख्यो येषां ते तथोक्ताः । सर्वे देवा इन्द्रनेतृका इत्यर्थः । तादृशाः अभिद्यवः अभिगतदीप्तयः यूयं हि स्थ अस्मद्यज्ञे भवथ खलु । हि प्रसिद्धौ । अध चित् अथानन्तरमेव वः युष्मान् अहं ब्रुवे स्तौमि । उत अपि च पुनःपुनः स्तौमीत्यर्थः ॥ ॥ ४ ॥

English translation:

“Bounteous (deities) with Indra as your chief, be present here in your radiance; again and again I praiseyou.”

For you of good gifts, with Indra preeminent—you are heaven-sent. And so I call just upon you.

I do not understand the position of utá here. Although Klein cites this passage several times, he doesn’t comment on the position of utá except implicitly, by pointing to its interaction with ádhā (DGRV II.97-98).

Then come with Indra for your chief, as early day, ye Bounteous Gods
Yea, 1 address you now for this.

Denn ihr seid ja die Gabenschönen mit Indra an der Spitze, die Himmlischen. Und gerade darum spreche ich euch an.

Ja, ihr von Indra angeführt bewohnt den Himmel gabenreich, darum auch rufe ich euch an.

• विश्वेदेवा:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः