०८२

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ꣡ प्र꣡ द्रव पराव꣡तो
अर्वाव꣡तश् च वृत्रहन्
म꣡ध्वः प्र꣡ति प्र꣡भर्मणि

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

drava ← √dru- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

parāvátaḥ ← parāvát- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:F, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)
{}

arvāvátaḥ ← arvāvát- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:F, number:SG}

ca ← ca (invariable)
{}

vr̥trahan ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

mádhvaḥ ← mádhu- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

prábharmaṇi ← prábharman- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

práti ← práti (invariable)
{}

आ । प्र । द्र॒व॒ । प॒रा॒ऽवतः॑ । अ॒र्वा॒ऽवतः॑ । च॒ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽह॒न् ।
मध्वः॑ । प्रति॑ । प्रऽभ॑र्मणि ॥

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• drava ← dru
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “liquefy; melt; melt; flee; run; run; vanish; run; rush; dissolve; dissolve.”

• parāvato ← parāvataḥ ← parāvat
• [noun], ablative, singular, feminine
• “distance; distance; distance.”

• ‘rvāvataś ← arvāvataḥ ← arvāvat
• [noun], ablative, singular, feminine

• ca
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; then; now; even.”

• vṛtrahan
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• madhvaḥ ← madhu
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

• prati
• [adverb]
• “towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”

• prabharmaṇi ← prabharman
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter

हे वृत्रहन् अपामावरकस्य वृत्रासुरस्य हन्तर्हे इन्द्र प्रभर्मणि । प्रकृष्टानि भर्माणि भरणानि पशुग्रहादिसंपादनानि यस्मिन् स प्रभर्मा यज्ञः । यद्वा । प्रकृष्टाः कर्मणि कुशला भर्माणो देवानां हविष्प्रदानेन पोषका ऋत्विजो यस्मिन्निति स तथोक्तः । एतादृशे यज्ञे मध्वः मदकरान् सोमान् प्रति परावतः विप्रकृष्टात् दूरस्थाद्देशादपि अर्वावतश्च समीपस्थाद्देशादपि आभिमुख्येन प्र द्रव त्वं त्वरयागच्छ । मध्व इति ‘वा छन्दसि’ इति पूर्वसवर्णदीर्घाभावः ॥

English translation:

“Hasten, slayer of Vṛtra, from afar or from near to the exhilarating (Soma-libations) in the sacrifice.”

Run here from afar and from nearby, Vr̥tra-smiter,
in response to the proffering of the honey.

HASTE forward to us from afar, or, Vrtra-slayer, from anear,
To meet the offering to the meath.

Eile aus der Ferne und aus der Nähe herbei, du Vritratöter, zu der Darbringung des Süßtranks!

Auf, eile aus der Ferne her und aus der Nähe, Vritrafeind, Wenn süssen Trank wir bringen dar.

• इन्द्र:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (उप+क्रमस्व) हे भगवन् ! सबके हृदय में विराजमान होओ (धृष्णो) हे निखिल विघ्नविनाशक ! (धृषता) परमोदार चित्त से (जनानाम्) मनुष्यों के हृदय को (आ+भर) पूर्ण कर, (अदाशूष्टरस्य) जो कभी दान प्रदान नहीं करता, उसके (वेदः) धन को छिन्न-भिन्न कर दे ॥७॥

भावार्थभाषाः - धनसम्पन्न रहने पर भी जो असमर्थों को नहीं देता, उसका धन नष्ट हो जाय ॥७॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे इन्द्र ! उप+क्रमस्व=सर्वत्र विराजस्व। हे धृष्णो=विघ्नविनाशक ! धृषतः=परमोदारेण चेतसा। जनानाम्=चेतांसि आभर। अदाशूष्टरस्य=अत्यन्तम्= अत्यन्तमदातृतमस्य। वेदो धनं सं हरेति शेषः ॥७॥

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तीव्राः꣡ सो꣡मास आ꣡ गहि
सुता꣡सो मादयिष्ण꣡वः
पि꣡बा दधृ꣡ग् य꣡थोचिषे꣡

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

gahi ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

sómāsaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

tīvrā́ḥ ← tīvrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

mādayiṣṇávaḥ ← mādayiṣṇú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sutā́saḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}

dadhŕ̥k ← dadhŕ̥k (invariable)
{}

píba ← √pā- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ūciṣé ← √uc- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)
{}

ती॒व्राः । सोमा॑सः । आ । ग॒हि॒ । सु॒तासः॑ । मा॒द॒यि॒ष्णवः॑ ।
पिब॑ । द॒धृक् । यथा॑ । ओ॒चि॒षे ॥

• tīvrāḥ ← tīvra
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “intense; severe; pungent; acute; potent; loud.”

• somāsa ← somāsaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• gahi ← gam
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

• sutāso ← sutāsaḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “press out; su.”

• mādayiṣṇavaḥ ← mādayiṣṇu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “intoxicant.”

• pibā ← piba ← pā
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• dadhṛg ← dadhṛṣ
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “audacious; dadhṛṣ [word].”

• yathociṣe ← yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• yathociṣe ← ūciṣe ← uc
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative

हे इन्द्र तीव्राः तीव्रमदाः । क्षिप्रं मदकारिण इत्यर्थः । मादयिष्णवः मादनशीला मादनकारिणो वेमे सोमासः सोमाः सुतासः त्वदर्थमभिषुताः । तस्मात् आ गहि अस्मदीयं यज्ञं प्रत्यागच्छ । आगत्य च तान् पिब । सोमपाने कारणमाह । त्वं यथा दधृक् धृष्टस्तत्प्रीतौ प्रगल्भः संस्तान् ऊचिषे समवैषि सेवसे । ततस्तान यथाकामं पिबेत्यर्थः । दृधृगिति ‘ञिधृषा प्रागल्भ्ये’ इत्यस्मात् ‘ ऋत्विग्दधृक् ’ इत्यादिना क्विन्प्रत्ययान्तो निपात्यते । ऊचिषे ।’ उच समवाये । छान्दसे लिटि रूपम् ॥

English translation:

“Come here, the strong intoxicating Soma is effused; drink, since you are boldly devoted to it.”

Sharp are the soma-drinks. Come here! The pressed drinks are ready to exhilarate.
Drink heartily as you are accustomed.

ukthā́bráhma ca), as well as the overfull VI.38.4 bráhma gíra ukthā́ca mánma. Note that VIII.1.1 múhur ukthā́ca śaṃsata also contains ukthā́ca with ca in the wrong position and not clearly conjoining anything, though there it is easier to interpret it as conjoining two modally harmonious clauses.

Strong are the Soma-draughts; come nigh: the juices fill thee with delight:
Drink boldly even as thou art wont’.

Scharf sind die Soma´s, komm her! Berauschend sind die ausgepreßten; trink herzhaft, wie du gewohnt bist!

Scharf sind die Soma’s, komme her, berauschende sind ausgepresst, So trinke herzhaft, wie du magst.

• इन्द्र:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे इन्द्र ! (यः+उ) जो (वाजः) विज्ञान और धन (विप्रेभिः) बुद्धिमान् जनों से (सनित्वः) अभिलषित (ते+नु+अस्ति) तेरे निकट है, (तं) उस धन को (अस्माभिः) हम लोगों के मध्य (सु+सनुहि) वितीर्ण कर ॥८॥

भावार्थभाषाः - सब कोई भगवान् से यह प्रार्थना करें कि प्रत्येक मनुष्य को तुल्य अधिकार मिले ॥८॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे इन्द्र ! यः+उ=य एव। वाजः=विज्ञानम्। विप्रेभिः=मेधाविभिः। सनित्वः=संभजनीयः कमनीयः। ते=तव। नु=निश्चयेन अस्ति। तं+अस्माभिः=अस्मभ्यम्। सु=सनुहि=सुष्ठु देहि ॥८॥

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इषा꣡ मन्दस्व आ꣡द् उ ते
अ꣡रं व꣡राय मन्य꣡वे
भु꣡वत् त इन्द्र शं꣡ हृदे꣡

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́t ← ā́t (invariable)
{}

iṣā́ ← íṣ- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

mandasva ← √mand- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

u ← u (invariable)
{}

áram ← áram (invariable)
{}

manyáve ← manyú- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

várāya ← vára- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

bhúvat ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

hr̥dé ← hā́rdi ~ hr̥d- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

śám ← śám (invariable)
{}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

इ॒षा । म॒न्द॒स्व॒ । आत् । ऊं॒ इति॑ । ते॒ । अर॑म् । वरा॑य । म॒न्यवे॑ ।
भुव॑त् । ते॒ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । शम् । हृ॒दे ॥

• iṣā ← iṣ
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”

• mandasvād ← mandasva ← mand
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “rejoice; exhilarate.”

• mandasvād ← āt
• [adverb]
• “then.”

• u
• [adverb]
• “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• ‘raṃ ← aram
• [adverb]

• varāya ← vara
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “gift; favor; wish; privilege; varac; wages.”

• manyave ← manyu
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “anger; fury; rage; wrath.”

• bhuvat ← bhū
• [verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
• “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

• ta ← te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• śaṃ ← śam
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “luck; well-being; fortune.”

• hṛde ← hṛd
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “heart; heart; mind; breast; hṛd [word].”

हे इन्द्र इषा सोमलक्षणेनान्नेन मन्दस्व मोदस्व हृष्टो भव । उ इत्यवधारणे । आत् अनन्तरमेव ते तव वराय शत्रुनिवारकाय मन्यवे क्रोधाय स सोमः अरम् अलं पर्याप्तो भवतु । क्रोधशमने समर्थो भवतु । यदा सोमं पिबति तदा मन्युं त्यजतीत्यर्थः । किंच ते तव हृदे हृदये स सोमः शं शंकरः सुखकरः भुवत् भवतु ॥

English translation:

“Rejoice yourself with this food– may it forthwith avail to (quench) your foe-restraining anger, may itproduce happiness, Indra, in your heart.”

Become exhilarated on the refreshment, and then in accord with your desire and your fervor
it will become weal for your heart, Indra.

Joy, Indra, in the strengthening food et it content thy wish and thought,
And be delightful to thine heart.

Berausche dich am Labetrank, und er sei dir recht nach Wunsch und Absicht und sage deinem Herzen zu, Indra.

Am Trank erfreu dich, und er sei recht deinem Wunsch und Sinn gemäss, O Indra, deinem Herzen hold.

• इन्द्र:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे भगवन् ! (सद्योजुवः) तत्काल उपकारी (विश्वश्चन्द्राः) सबों के आनन्दप्रद (वाजाः) धन (अस्मभ्यं) हम लोगों को (ते) तू दे क्योंकि (वशैः+च) विविध कामनाओं से युक्त होकर ये मनुष्यगण (मक्षू) शीघ्रता के साथ (जरन्ते) स्तुति करते हैं ॥९॥

भावार्थभाषाः - ईश्वर हम लोगों को वह धन दे, जिससे जगत् में उपकार आनन्द हो ॥९॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे इन्द्र ! सद्योजुवः=सर्वोपकारिणः। विश्वश्चन्द्राः= सर्वानन्दप्रदाः। वाजाः=अन्यानि अस्मभ्यम्। ते=त्वया दातव्याः। यतः। वशैश्च=विविधैः कामैर्युक्ता वयम्। मक्षू=शीघ्रम्। त्वां जरन्ते=स्तुवन्ति ॥९॥

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ꣡ तु꣡ अशत्रव् आ꣡ गहि
नि꣡ उक्था꣡नि च हूयसे
उपमे꣡ रोचने꣡ दिवः꣡

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

aśatro ← aśatrú- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

gahi ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

tú ← tú (invariable)
{}

ca ← ca (invariable)
{}

hūyase ← √hū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:PASS}

ní ← ní (invariable)
{}

ukthā́ni ← ukthá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

diváḥ ← dyú- ~ div- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:M, number:SG}

rocané ← rocaná- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

upamé ← upamá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

आ । तु । अ॒श॒त्रो॒ इति॑ । आ । ग॒हि॒ । नि । उ॒क्थानि॑ । च॒ । हू॒य॒से॒ ।
उ॒प॒ऽमे । रो॒च॒ने । दि॒वः ॥

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• tv ← tu
• [adverb]
• “now; then; but; and; now; however; then; then; surely.”

• aśatrav ← a
• [adverb]
• “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

• aśatrav ← śatro ← śatru
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “enemy; foe; enemy; Asura.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• gahi ← gam
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

• ny ← ni
• [adverb]
• “back; down.”

• ukthāni ← uktha
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “hymn; praise; uktha [word]; encomium.”

• ca
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; then; now; even.”

• hūyase ← hvā
• [verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
• “raise; call on; call; summon.”

• upame ← upama
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “best; topmost.”

• rocane ← rocana
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “light; celestial sphere.”

• divaḥ ← div
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

हे अशत्रो सपत्नरहित । अस्य बहुविधबलत्वाद्रणाभिमुखं गन्तारः शत्रवो न सन्तीत्यर्थः । तादृशेन्द्र तु क्षिप्रम् आ गहि आयाहि अस्मद्यज्ञं प्रत्यागच्छ । यतः दिवः स्वतेजसा दीप्यमानात् द्युलोकात् । तत्रस्थैर्देवैरित्यर्थः । रोचने अग्निभिर्दीप्यमाने लोके च उपमे समीपे । स्तोतारः स्तोत्रशस्त्रात्मकं शब्दं कुर्वन्त्यत्रेत्युपमो यज्ञः । तस्मिन्नस्मदीये यज्ञे च उक्थानि त्रिवृत्पञ्चदशादिलक्षणानि स्तोत्राणि प्रति नि हूयसे त्वं स्तोतव्यतया नितरामाहूयसे । यस्मादेवं तस्मादागच्छेति समन्वयः ॥

English translation:

“O you who have no enemies, come here; you are summoned from the resplendent heaven to the hymnsat this our rite near at hand in this world illumined (by the sacred rites).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Upame rochane divaḥ = in the highestsplendour of heaven;

Divaḥ = svatejasā dīpyamānād dyulokāt, from the world of heaven illumined by itswon splendour, i.e., by the deities residing there;

Rocane = agnibhir dīpyamāne loke;

Upame = samīpe,asmadīye yajñe ca

You without rival—here, come here! You are being called down to the hymns (while you are) in the highest luminous realm of heaven.

The ca in b is baffling both as to position and function. Geldner seems to take it as conjoining the imperatival clause in a with the present indicative clause in b (“Komm … und du wirst … gerufen…”); Klein (DGRV I.233) is disturbed by the “illocutionary difference” between the moods of the two clauses and suggests, “Perhaps the particle is merely a weak, untranslatable transitional element,” which, I’m afraid, is no help at all. Even if it is supposed to be conjoining the clauses, it is positioned wrong for this function. My instinct is that, in this hymn built of clichés, ́ we are dealing with a truncated formula: X ukthā́(ni) ca (“X and hymns”). Cf. ## 30 gíraś ca … ukthā́ca, VIII.33.13 bráhmokthā́ca … (and the converse

Come to us thou who hast no foe: we call thee down to hymns of praise,
In heaven’s sublimest realm of light.

Komm doch, der du ohne Gegner bist; und du wirst zu den Lobliedern gerufen im höchsten Lichtraum des Himmels!

O unbesiegter, komm herbei, zu Sprüchen rufen wir dich her, Auch von dem höchsten Himmelsraum.

• इन्द्र:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तु꣡भ्याय꣡म् अ꣡द्रिभिः सुतो꣡
गो꣡भिः श्रीतो꣡ म꣡दाय क꣡म्
प्र꣡ सो꣡म इन्द्र हूयते

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ádribhiḥ ← ádri- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

ayám ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sutáḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

túbhya ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

góbhiḥ ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

kám ← kám (invariable)
{}

mádāya ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

śrītáḥ ← √śrī- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

hūyate ← √hu- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:PASS}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)
{}

sómaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

तुभ्य॑ । अ॒यम् । अद्रि॑ऽभिः । सु॒तः । गोभिः॑ । श्री॒तः । मदा॑य । कम् ।
प्र । सोमः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । हू॒य॒ते॒ ॥

• tubhyāyam ← tubhya ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• tubhyāyam ← ayam ← idam
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• adribhiḥ ← adri
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”

• suto ← sutaḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• gobhiḥ ← go
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

• śrīto ← śrītaḥ ← śrī
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “cook; boil; heat; cook; mix.”

• madāya ← mada
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

• kam ← kaṃ
• [adverb]
• “kaṃ [word].”

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• soma ← somaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• hūyate ← hu
• [verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
• “sacrifice; offer; pour; worship.”

हे इन्द्र अद्रिभिः अभिषवसाधनैर्ग्रावभिः अयं सोमः तुभ्यं त्वदर्थं सुतः अभिषुतः । ततो दशापवित्रेण पूत्वा गोभिः गोविकारैः क्षीरादिभिः श्रीतः सोऽस्माभिः परावत एव संस्कृतः सोमस्तव मदाय मदार्थं कं सुखेन प्र हूयते अग्नौ स्वाहा क्रियते । तस्मादागत्य सोमं पिब ॥ ॥१॥

English translation:

“Indra, this Soma, effused for you by the stones and mixed with milk, is offered auspiciously (in the fire)for your exhilaration.”

For you this one here has been pressed by stones, prepared with cows [=milk], for exhilaration.
The soma is being poured forth, Indra. ꣡

This Soma here expressed with stones and dressed with milk for thy carouse,
Indra, is offered up to thee.

Für dich ist dieser Soma mit den Steinen ausgepreßt, mit Milch gemischt zum Rausche; dir, Indra, wird der Soma geopfert.

Er ist von Steinen, Indra, dir gepresst, mit Milch zum Rausch vermischt Der Soma wird ergossen dir.

• इन्द्र:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इ꣡न्द्र श्रुधि꣡ सु꣡ मे ह꣡वम्
अस्मे꣡ सुत꣡स्य गो꣡मतः
वि꣡ पीतिं꣡ तृप्ति꣡म् अश्नुहि

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
hávam ← háva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

índra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

me ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

śrudhí ← √śru- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

sú ← sú (invariable)
{}

asmé ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:PL}

gómataḥ ← gómant- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, number:SG}

sutásya ← √su- (root)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

aśnuhi ← √naś- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

pītím ← pītí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

tr̥ptím ← tr̥ptí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

ví ← ví (invariable)
{}

इन्द्र॑ । श्रु॒धि । सु । मे॒ । हव॑म् । अ॒स्मे इति॑ । सु॒तस्य॑ । गोऽम॑तः ।
वि । पी॒तिम् । तृ॒प्तिम् । अ॒श्नु॒हि॒ ॥

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• śrudhi ← śru
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

• su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• me ← mad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “I; mine.”

• havam ← hava
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “invocation.”

• asme ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• sutasya ← su
• [verb noun], genitive, singular
• “press out; su.”

• gomataḥ ← gomat
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “rich in cattle; bovine.”

• vi
• [adverb]
• “apart; away; away.”

• pītiṃ ← pītim ← pīti
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “drinking; haritāla.”

• tṛptim ← tṛpti
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “repletion; gratification; disgust.”

• aśnuhi ← aś
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “get; reach; enter (a state).”

हे इन्द्र मे मदीयं हवं त्वद्विषयमाह्वानं सु सुष्ठु श्रुधि शृणु । तथा अस्मे अस्माभिः सुतस्य अभिषुतस्य गोमतः गव्यक्षीरवतः । क्षीरेण मिश्रितस्येत्यर्थः । तादृशस्य सोमस्य पीतिं पानं वि अश्नुहि विविधं प्राप्नुहि । तत्पानेन विविधां तृप्तिं च गच्छ । ‘अशू व्याप्तौ’ । व्यत्ययेन परस्मैपदम् ॥

English translation:

“Indra, hear with favour my call; be present at the drinking of this our libation mixed with milk and besatisfied.”

Indra, hear my call. Reach the drinking and satiety
of the soma that has been pressed among us and provided with cows.

Graciously, Indra, hear my call. Come and obtain the draught, and sate
Thyself with juices blent with milk.

Indra, höre fein auf meine Einladung; von dem bei uns ausgepreßten milchgemischten Soma empfange Trank und Labung!

O höre, Indra, meinen Ruf, erlange Trunk und Sättigung An diesem milchgemischten Saft.

• इन्द्र:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

य꣡ इन्द्र चमसे꣡षु आ꣡
सो꣡मश् चमू꣡षु ते सुतः꣡
पि꣡बे꣡द् अस्य त्व꣡म् ईशिषे

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

camaséṣu ← camasá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

camū́ṣu ← camū́- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

sómaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sutáḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

īśiṣe ← √īś- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

ít ← ít (invariable)
{}

píba ← √pā- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

यः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । च॒म॒सेषु॑ । आ । सोमः॑ । च॒मूषु॑ । ते॒ । सु॒तः ।
पिब॑ । इत् । अ॒स्य॒ । त्वम् । ई॒शि॒षे॒ ॥

• ya ← yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• camaseṣv ← camaseṣu ← camasa
• [noun], locative, plural, masculine
• “camasa; beaker; cake.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• somaś ← somaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• camūṣu ← camū
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “army; camū; Camū.”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• sutaḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• pibed ← piba ← pā
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• pibed ← id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• asya ← idam
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• īśiṣe ← īś
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

हे इन्द्र ते त्वदर्थं सुतः अभिषुतः यः सोमः चमसेषु एतन्नामकेषु पात्रेषु तथा चमूषु । चमन्ति यजन्त्यत्रेति चम्वो ग्रहाः । तेषु च आ सर्वतः अस्ति अस्य तमेतं सोमं पिबेत् । इदवधारणे । पिबैव । कथमस्य सोमपानयोग्यता तत्राह । हे इन्द्र त्वमीशिषे तस्य त्वमेवेश्वरो भवसि खलु । यत एवं ततः पिबेति समन्वयः । ‘ईश ऐश्वर्ये ‘। लटि ‘ईशः से (पा. सू. ७. २. ७७ ) इतीडागमः ॥

English translation:

“Whatever Soma has been poured into the cups and the bowls for you, drink it, Indra– you are thesovereign.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The bowls: Soma libations are poured from two kinds of vessels: the camasas, i.e. cups, and thegrahās, or saucers (here called camu)

Indra, the soma in the beakers and in the cups that has been pressed for you—
drink of it. You are master of it.

The Soma, Indra, which is shed in chalices and vats for thee,
Drink thou, for thou art Lord thereof.

Der für dich in den Bechern ist, der in den Camugefäßen gepreßte Soma, von dem trinke doch, Indra; du hast das Anrecht darauf!

Den Soma, der in Bechern steht, in Schalen, Indra, dir gepresst, Den trinke, dir gehört er an.

• इन्द्र:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

यो꣡ अप्सु꣡ चन्द्र꣡मा इव
सो꣡मश् चमू꣡षु द꣡दृशे
पि꣡बे꣡द् अस्य त्व꣡म् ईशिषे

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
apsú ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

candrámāḥ ← candrámas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iva ← iva (invariable)
{}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

camū́ṣu ← camū́- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}

dádr̥śe ← √dr̥ś- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

sómaḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

īśiṣe ← √īś- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

ít ← ít (invariable)
{}

píba ← √pā- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

यः । अ॒प्ऽसु । च॒न्द्रमाः॑ऽइव । सोमः॑ । च॒मूषु॑ । ददृ॑शे ।
पिब॑ । इत् । अ॒स्य॒ । त्वम् । ई॒शि॒षे॒ ॥

• yo ← yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• apsu ← ap
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• candramā ← candramāḥ ← candramas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “moon; Candra; candramas.”

• iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• somaś ← somaḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• camūṣu ← camū
• [noun], locative, plural, feminine
• “army; camū; Camū.”

• dadṛśe ← dṛś
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “see; observe; view; visit; look; learn; meet; read; teach; examine; watch; see; notice; perceive; diagnose; travel to; show; detect; know; know; understand; understand; follow.”

• pibed ← piba ← pā
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• pibed ← id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• asya ← idam
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• īśiṣe ← īś
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

हे इन्द्र यः गृहीतः सोमः चमूषु ग्रहेषु ददृशे अन्तर्दृश्यते । तत्र दृष्टान्तः । चन्द्रमाइव यथा चन्द्रमाः अप्सु अन्तरिक्षे निर्मलतया दृश्यते तद्वत् । यद्वा । अप्सूदकेषु चन्द्रमाः प्रतिबिम्बतया नानाविधो दृश्यते तथाष्टग्रहेष्वनेकरूपः सन् दृश्यते तमेतं सोमं पिबैव यतस्त्वमेवेशिषे खलु ॥

English translation:

“Whatever Soma is seen in the vessels like the moon (reflected) in the waters, drink it– you are thesovereign.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The vessels: i.e. it is thus seen in the eight grahās;

Apsu = in the waters, antarikṣe, in thesky,nirmalatayā, the Soma being likened to the moon for its purity

The soma that is seen in the cups, like the moon in the waters—
drink of it. You are master of it.

The Soma seen within themats, as in the flood the Moon is seen,
Drink thou, for thou art Lord thereof.

Der Soma, der in den Camugefäßen wie der Mond im Wasser sichtbar wird, von dem trinke doch, Indra; du hast das Anrecht darauf!

Den Soma, der in Schalen blinkt, wie in der Wasserflut der Mond, Den trinke, dir gehört er an.

• इन्द्र:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - कुसीदी काण्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

यं꣡ ते श्येनः꣡ पदा꣡भरत्
तिरो꣡ र꣡जांसि अ꣡स्पृतम्
पि꣡बे꣡द् अस्य त्व꣡म् ईशिषे

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

ábharat ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

padā́ ← pád- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}

śyenáḥ ← śyená- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

yám ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

áspr̥tam ← áspr̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

rájāṁsi ← rájas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

tirás ← tirás (invariable)
{}

asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

īśiṣe ← √īś- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

ít ← ít (invariable)
{}

píba ← √pā- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

यम् । ते॒ । श्ये॒नः । प॒दा । आ । अभ॑रत् । ति॒रः । रजां॑सि । अस्पृ॑तम् ।
पिब॑ । इत् । अ॒स्य॒ । त्वम् । ई॒शि॒षे॒ ॥

• yaṃ ← yam ← yad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• śyenaḥ ← śyena
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “hawk; bird of prey; falcon; Śyena; eagle; śyena [word]; Śyena.”

• padābharat ← padā ← pad
• [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
• “foot; pad [word].”

• padābharat ← abharat ← bhṛ
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

• tiro ← tiras
• [adverb]
• “tiras [word]; away; secretly.”

• rajāṃsy ← rajāṃsi ← rajas
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “powder; menorrhea; dust; Rajas; atmosphere; rajas; pollen; passion; rajas [word]; sindūra; rust; tin; impurity; dark; sky.”

• aspṛtam ← a
• [adverb]
• “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

• aspṛtam ← spṛtam ← spṛ
• [verb noun], accusative, singular

• pibed ← piba ← pā
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• pibed ← id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• asya ← idam
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• īśiṣe ← īś
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

हे इन्द्र श्येनः शंसनीयः पक्षी । पक्षिरूपधारिणी गायत्रीत्यर्थः । स पक्षी रजांसि अन्तरिक्षादिलोकस्थितान् सोमपालान् गन्धर्वान् तिरः तिरः कुर्वन् अस्पृतं शत्रुभिरस्पृष्टं सन्तं यं सोमं ते त्वदर्थं पदा पद्भ्याम् आभरत् । पदेति सवनद्वयाभिप्रायम् । सवनद्वय आहृतं सोमं त्वं पिब । गायत्री पक्षिरूपं धारयित्वा पद्यां सोममाहरदित्यत्रार्थे यजुर्ब्राह्मणं–’ पद्यां अ द्वे सवने समगृह्णान्मुखेनैकं तस्माद्द्वे सवने शुक्रवती प्रातःसवनं च माध्यंदिनं च ’ (तै. सं. ६. १. ६. ४ ) इति । तं पिबैव । त्वमेव तस्येश्वरो भवसि ॥ ॥ २ ॥

English translation:

“Whatever Soma the hawk bore for you with its feet, having won it, till then inviolate, from the (guardiansof the) upper worlds, drink it– you are the sovereign.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Whatever the hawk bore: legend in Taittirīya Saṃhitā6.1; Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 3.25-27: gāyatri as a hawk brought the Soma from heaven. The portions which sheseized with her feet became the morning and the midday libation, that which she seized with her bill became theevening libation

That which the falcon brought to you with his foot across the airy realms—the one that could not be recaptured—
drink of it. You are master of it.

On áspṛta- and the stealing of Soma, see comm. ad IX.3.8.

That which the Hawk brought in his claw, inviolate, through the air to thee,
Drink thou, for thou art Lord thereof.

Den dir der Falke mit dem Fuße gebracht hat durch die Lüfte, ohne ihn loszulassen, von dem trinke doch, Indra; du hast das Anrecht darauf!

Den unbestrittnen, den der Aar dir trug am Fusse durch die Luft, Den trinke, dir gehört er an.

• इन्द्र:
• कुसीदी काण्वः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः