०७५

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

युक्ष्वा꣡ हि꣡ देवहू꣡तमाँ
अ꣡श्वाँ अग्ने रथी꣡र् इव
नि꣡ हो꣡ता पूर्वियः꣡ सदः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
devahū́tamān ← devahū́tama- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

hí ← hí (invariable)
{}

yukṣvá ← √yuj- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

agne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

áśvān ← áśva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

iva ← iva (invariable)
{}

rathī́ḥ ← rathī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

hótā ← hótar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ní ← ní (invariable)
{}

pūrvyáḥ ← pūrvyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sadaḥ ← √sad- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

यु॒क्ष्व । हि । दे॒व॒ऽहूत॑मान् । अश्वा॑न् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । र॒थीःऽइ॑व ।
नि । होता॑ । पू॒र्व्यः । स॒दः॒ ॥

• yukṣvā ← yuj
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”

• hi
• [adverb]
• “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

• devahūtamāṃ ← deva
• [noun], masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• devahūtamāṃ ← hūtamāṃ ← hūtama
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine

• aśvāṃ ← aśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”

• agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• rathīr ← rathīḥ ← rathī
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• ni
• [adverb]
• “back; down.”

• hotā ← hotṛ
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Hotṛ.”

• pūrvyaḥ ← pūrvya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “first; precedent; age-old; excellent; former(a).”

• sadaḥ ← sad
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

हे अग्ने देवहूतमान् देवानामाह्वातृतमान् अश्वान् युक्ष्व योजय रथे। रथीरिव यथा रथी स्वाश्वानिष्टदेशगमनाय योजयति तद्वत् । तथा कृत्वा होता त्वं पूर्व्यः मुख्यः सन् नि षदः उपविश च ॥

English translation:

“Agni, like a charioteer yoke your god-invoking steeds; eat thyself first, the invoker.”

Harness your horses that best summon the gods, o Agni, like a
charioteer.
Take your seat as the primordial Hotar.

Although it might at first seem odd that Agni’s horses best summon the gods, the horses are presumably the plumes of smoke, and as they ascend to heaven, they inform the gods of the sacrifice.

YOKE, Agni, as a charioteer, thy steeds who best invite the Gods: As ancient Herald seat thyself.

So schirr denn wie der Wagenlenker deine Rosse an, die die Götter am besten laden, Agni! Nimm als der Hotri zuerst Platz!

Schirr Agni wie ein Fuhrmann dir die Rosse an zur Götterfahrt, Als erster Priester setze dich.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अहम्) मैं उपासक (आर्क्षे) सामान्यतया मनुष्य के निमित्त (श्रुतर्वणि) श्रोतृजनों के निमित्त और (मदच्युति) मनुष्यजाति में आनन्द की वर्षा के लिये (हुवानः) ईश्वर से प्रार्थना कर रहा हूँ और मनुष्यमात्र के जो (स्तुकाविनाम्) ज्ञानविज्ञानसहित (चतुर्णाम्) नयन, कर्ण, घ्राण और रसना ये चारों ज्ञानेन्द्रिय हैं, उनके (शीर्षा) शिर (शर्धांसि+इव) परम बलिष्ठ होवें और (मृक्षा) शुद्ध और पवित्र होवें ॥१३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - अहम्=इस पद से केवल एक ऋषि का बोध नहीं, किन्तु जो कोई ईश्वर से प्रार्थना करे, उस सबके लिये अहम् पद आया है। इसका आशय यह है कि प्रत्येक ज्ञानी जन अपनी जाति के कल्याण के लिये ईश्वर से प्रार्थना करे, जिससे मनुष्यमात्र के ज्ञानेन्द्रिय ज्ञान की प्राप्ति के लिये चेष्टा करें ॥१३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - अहमुपासकः। आर्क्षे=सामान्येन सर्वेषां मनुष्याणां निमित्ते। श्रुतर्वणि=श्रोतॄणां निमित्ते। मदच्युति=आनन्दानां च्योतनाय। हुवानः=परमात्मानं स्तुवन्नस्मि। स्तुकाविनां= विज्ञानादिसहितानाम्। चतुर्णाम्=चक्षुरादीनाम्। शीर्षा=शिरांसि। शर्धांसि इव=बलवन्ति इव भवन्तु। तथा मृक्षा=शुद्धानि भवन्तु ॥१३॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

उत꣡ नो देव देवाँ꣡
अ꣡छा वोचो विदु꣡ष्टरः
श्र꣡द् वि꣡श्वा वा꣡रिया कृधि

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
deva ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

devā́n ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

utá ← utá (invariable)
{}

ácha ← ácha (invariable)
{}

vidúṣṭaraḥ ← vidúṣṭara- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vocaḥ ← √vac- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

kr̥dhi ← √kr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

śrát ← śrád ( √dhā-, √kr̥-) (invariable)
{}

vā́ryā ← vā́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

víśvā ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

उ॒त । नः॒ । दे॒व॒ । दे॒वान् । अच्छ॑ । वो॒चः॒ । वि॒दुःऽत॑रः ।
श्रत् । विश्वा॑ । वार्या॑ । कृ॒धि॒ ॥

• uta
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• deva
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• devāṃ ← deva
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• acchā
• [adverb]
• “towards; accha [prefix].”

• voco ← vocaḥ ← vac
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “say; describe; name; tell; address; enumerate; call; state; teach; explain; say; declare; speak; define; declare; order; address; recommend; answer; deem; recite; approve; proclaim; indicate; determine; mention; designate.”

• viduṣṭaraḥ ← viduṣṭara
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• śrad ← śrath
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter

• viśvā ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• vāryā ← vārya
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “wealth.”

• kṛdhi ← kṛ
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

हे देव अग्ने उत अपि च नः अस्मान् देवान् अच्छा वोचः अभिब्रूयाः । सम्यगनुष्ठितवन्त इति । तथा विदुष्टरः विद्वत्तमान् वोचः । तथा कृत्वा विश्वा सर्वाणि वार्या वरणीयानि धनानि देवसंबन्धीनि श्रत् सत्यानि कृधि कुर्वस्माकम् । अथवास्मदीयानि सर्वाणि वरणीयानि हवींषि श्रत् सत्यानि कुरु । देवान् प्रापयेत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“Divine (Agni), proclaim us to the gods as profoundly killed; assure to us all desirable things.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Profoundlyskilled: viduṣṭaras = vidvattamān, an epithet of Agni, you most wise

And as one who knows better, invite the gods for us, o god.
Make our trust (in the sacrifice) into all things worth desiring,

This is the only occurrence of śrád- outside the inherited univerbated idiom śrád √dhā ‘trust/put trust in’. As I have discussed elsewhere, ‘trust’ is often specifically trust in the efficacy of the sacrifice, and I think that’s the meaning being tapped here: realize our trust in the sacrifice’s success with tangible results.

And, God, as skilfullest of all, call for us bitherward the Gods:
Give all our wishes sure effect.

Und lade, o Gott, die Götter zu uns als der Kundigere! Sichere uns alle begehrenswerten Güter zu!

Und ruf uns, Gott, die Götter her, der du am besten es verstehst, Und alles Gut vertrau uns an.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (शविष्ठस्य) परम बलवान् परमात्मा की कृपा से प्राप्त (आशवः) अपने-

भावार्थभाषाः - अपने विषय में अति निपुण (द्रवित्नवः) आलस्यरहित (सुरथासः) शरीररूप सुन्दर रथयुक्त (चत्वारः) चक्षु, श्रोत्र, घ्राण और रसनारूप चार ज्ञान इन्द्रिय (माम्) मुझको (प्रयः) विविध सुख (अभि+वक्षन्) पहुँचा रहे हैं। (न) जैसे (वयः) नौकाएँ (तुग्य्रम्) भोज्यादि पदार्थ को इधर-उधर पहुँचाते हैं ॥१४॥

टिप्पणी: जो कोई अपने ज्ञानेन्द्रिय के तत्त्वों को समझ उनको काम में लगाते है, वे ही जगत् में परम धनाढ्य होते हैं ॥१४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - शविष्ठस्य=परमबलवतः परमात्मनः कृपया। मामुपासकम्। आशवः=स्व-स्व-विषय-पटुतराः। द्रवित्नवः=गमनशीलाः। सुरथासः=शोभनरथाः। चत्वारः=चक्षुरादीनि चत्वारि ज्ञानेन्द्रियाणि। प्रयः=विविधसुखम्। अभि+वक्षन्= अभिवहन्ति। अत्र दृष्टान्तः। वयः+न=यथा नाविकाः। तुग्य्रं=समुद्रे निमग्नं पुरुषं तटमानयन्ति ॥१४॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तुवं꣡ ह य꣡द् यविष्ठिय
स꣡हसः सूनव् आहुत
ऋता꣡वा यज्ञि꣡यो भु꣡वः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ha ← ha (invariable)
{}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

yaviṣṭhya ← yáviṣṭhya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

āhuta ← √hu- (root)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

sáhasaḥ ← sáhas- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:N, number:SG}

sūno ← sūnú- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

bhúvaḥ ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

r̥tā́vā ← ŕ̥tāvan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

yajñíyaḥ ← yajñíya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

त्वम् । ह॒ । यत् । य॒वि॒ष्ठ्य॒ । सह॑सः । सू॒नो॒ इति॑ । आ॒ऽहु॒त॒ ।
ऋ॒तऽवा॑ । य॒ज्ञियः॑ । भुवः॑ ॥

• tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• ha
• [adverb]
• “indeed; ha [word].”

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• yaviṣṭhya
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “youngest.”

• sahasaḥ ← sahas
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “force; strength; might; sahas [word]; conquest.”

• sūnav ← sūno ← sūnu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “son; offspring.”

• āhuta ← āhu ← √hu
• [verb noun], vocative, singular
• “sacrifice; sprinkle.”

• ṛtāvā ← ṛtāvan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “law-abiding; faithful; righteous.”

• yajñiyo ← yajñiyaḥ ← yajñiya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “sacrificial; divine; devoted.”

• bhuvaḥ ← bhū
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

हे अग्ने यविष्ठ्य युवतम सहसः सूनो बलस्य पुत्र आहुत सर्वतो हुत आहूत वा त्वं यत् यदा ह खलु ऋतावा सत्यवान् यज्ञियः यज्ञार्हश्च भुवः भवसि तदा वार्याणि श्रत्कुर्विति संबन्धः ॥

English translation:

“Since you are truthful and worthy of sacrifice, O most youthful, son of strength and everywherehonoured with offerings.”

Since you—o youngest one, o son of strength to whom offering is made— have become the one possessing the truth and worthy of the sacrifice.

The pleonastically(=redundant) suffixed yáviṣṭhi ya- beside the regular splv. yáviṣṭhaowes its suffix entirely to metrical considerations. All 15 occurrences of the stem are pāda-final in a Jagatī or dimeter line and thus provide a text-book iambic cadence.

The unextended yáviṣṭha- is not as rigidly placed, but is still often pāda-final in a Triṣṭubh cadence.

For thou, Most Youthful, Son of Strength, thou to whom sacrifice is paid,
Art holy, faithful to the Law.

Da ja du, jüngster Sohn der Kraft, mit Schmalz Begossener, der wahrhaftige Opferwürdige wardst.

Denn du, o jüngster, sollst uns sein, o Sohn der Kraft, beträufelter, allheilig und verehrungswerth.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (महेनदे) हे विविध शाखायुक्ते (परुष्णि) हे सुखों को पहुँचानेवाली बुद्धि देवि ! (आपः) हे गमनशील इन्द्रियगण ! (सत्यम्+इत्) सत्य ही (त्वा) तुमको (अवदेदिशम्) कहता हूँ कि (शविष्ठात्) परम बलवान् परमात्मा की अपेक्षा अधिक (अश्वदातरः) अश्वादि पशुओं और हिरण्यादि धनों को देनेवाला (मर्त्यः) मनुष्य (नेम्) नहीं है, अतः आप सब मिलकर उसी की प्रार्थना उपासना करें ॥१५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जिस कारण परमदेव सब प्रकार से हम लोगों को सुख पहुँचा रहा है और धनादि उपार्जन के लिये बुद्धि विवेक पुरुषार्थ देता है, अतः उसकी आज्ञा पर चलकर कल्याणाभिलाषी होवें ॥१५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे महेनदि=विविधशाखायुक्ते ! हे परुष्णि=पूरयित्रि बुद्धिदेव ! सत्यमित्=सत्यमेव। त्वा=त्वाम्। अव+देदिशम्= कथयामि। हे आपः=आपनशीलानि इन्द्रियाणि ! शविष्ठात् परमबलवत ईश्वरात्। अश्वदातरः=अश्वादिपशुप्रदातृतरः। मर्त्यः। नेम्=नास्ति ॥१५॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अय꣡म् अग्निः꣡ सहस्रि꣡णो
वा꣡जस्य शति꣡नस् प꣡तिः
मूर्धा꣡ कवी꣡ रयीणा᳐꣡म्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
agníḥ ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ayám ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sahasríṇaḥ ← sahasrín- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

pátiḥ ← páti- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śatínaḥ ← śatín- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

vā́jasya ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

kavíḥ ← kaví- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

mūrdhā́ ← mūrdhán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

rayīṇā́m ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

अ॒यम् । अ॒ग्निः । स॒ह॒स्रिणः॑ । वाज॑स्य । श॒तिनः॑ । पतिः॑ ।
मू॒र्धा । क॒विः । र॒यी॒णाम् ॥

• ayam ← idam
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• agniḥ ← agni
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• sahasriṇo ← sahasriṇaḥ ← sahasrin
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “thousandfold.”

• vājasya ← vāja
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• śatinas ← śatinaḥ ← śatin
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “hundredfold.”

• patiḥ ← pati
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”

• mūrdhā ← mūrdhan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “head; battlefront; peak; top; mūrdhan [word]; leader; top.”

• kavī ← kaviḥ ← kavi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

• rayīṇām ← rayi
• [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

अयमग्निः शतिनः सहस्रिणः चोक्तसंख्योपेतस्य वाजस्य अन्नस्य पतिः स्वामी मूर्धा शिरोवदुन्नतः श्रेष्ठः कविः मेधावी रयीणां धनानामपि पतिरिति शेषः । तदुभयं प्रयच्छत्वित्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“This Agni is the lord of hundredfold and thousandfold food; he is the head, the seer, (the lord) of wealth.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

You who are the head (or best) of wealth

This Agni here is the lord of the thousandfold prize and of the
hundredfold;
as sage poet he is the head of riches.

This Agni, Lord of wealth and spoil hundredfold, thousandfold, is head
And chief of riches and a Sage.

Dieser Agni ist Herr über tausendfältigen, hundertfältigen Gewinn; der Weise ist das Haupt der Reichtümer.

Er, Agni, ist der Labung Herr, die hundertfach und tausendfach, Der Schätze weises Oberhaupt.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पुनः परमात्मदेव का महिमा दिखलाया जाता है।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अग्ने) हे सर्वाधार जगदीश ! (देवहूतमान्) प्राणियों को अतिशय सुख देनेवाले (अश्वान्) सूर्य्यादि लोकों को (युक्ष्व+हि) अच्छे प्रकार कार्य्य में नियोजित कीजिये। यहाँ दृष्टान्त कहते हैं (रथाः+इव) जैसे रथी स्वकीय घोड़ों को सीधे मार्ग पर चलाता है। हे ईश आप (होता) महादाता या हवनकर्ता हैं। (पूर्व्यः) सबके पूर्व या पूर्ण हैं, वह आप (नि+सदः) हमारे हृदय में बैठें ॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - वह जगदीश सूर्य्यादि सम्पूर्ण जगत् का शासक दाता और पूर्ण है, उसको अपने हृदय में स्थापित कर स्तुति करें ॥१॥

पुनरपि परमात्मदेवस्य महिमा प्रदर्श्यते।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे अग्ने=सर्वाधारेश ! देवहूतमान्=देवानां प्राणिनां हूतमान्=दातृतमान्। अश्वान्=सूर्य्यादिलोकान्। युक्ष्व= सुकार्य्ये नियोजय। अत्र दृष्टान्तः। रथीरिव=यथा रथी अश्वान् नियोजयति। हे भगवन् ! त्वं होता=दाता। पूर्व्यः=पूर्णो वा। नि+सदः=उपविश ॥१॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तं꣡ नेमि꣡म् ऋभ꣡वो यथा
आ꣡ नमस्व स꣡हूतिभिः
ने꣡दीयो यज्ञ꣡म् अङ्गिरः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
nemím ← nemí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

r̥bhávaḥ ← r̥bhú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

tám ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

yathā ← yathā (invariable)
{}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

namasva ← √nam- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sáhūtibhiḥ ← sáhūti- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

aṅgiraḥ ← áṅgiras- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

nédīyaḥ ← nédīyaṁs- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

yajñám ← yajñá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

तम् । ने॒मिम् । ऋ॒भवः॑ । य॒था॒ । आ । न॒म॒स्व॒ । सहू॑तिऽभिः ।
नेदी॑यः । य॒ज्ञम् । अ॒ङ्गि॒रः॒ ॥

• taṃ ← tam ← tad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• nemim ← nemi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “rim; felloe.”

• ṛbhavo ← ṛbhavaḥ ← ṛbhu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Ribhus.”

• yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• namasva ← nam
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “bow; bend; condescend; worship; bend; lower.”

• sahūtibhiḥ ← sahūti
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

• nedīyo ← nedīyaḥ ← nedīyas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “nearer; nedīyas [word]; near.”

• yajñam ← yajña
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

• aṅgiraḥ ← aṅgiras
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Aṅgiras; Aṅgiras; Brahman; Atharva-Veda; aṅgiras [word]; Aṅgiras.”

हे अङ्गिरः त्वं सहूतिभिः समानाह्वानैरन्यैर्देवैः सह नेदीयः अन्तिकतमं यज्ञम् आ नमस्व’ आनमय । ऋभवः नेमिं रथमिव ॥ ॥ २४ ॥

English translation:

“O Aṅgirasa, with the deities associated in the invocation draw this offering near you as the Ṛbhus(bend) the circumference of a wheel.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Cf. RV 7.32.20

As craftsmen [/R̥bhus] bend the felly, bend here, closer to the sacrifice, with the shared invocations, o Aṅgiras [=Agni].

The standard tr. take tám as a ref. to Agni, who is then the equivalent in the frame of nemím in the simile; so “bend him here as craftsmen bend a felly.” In the published translation I take the frame/simile relation to be an example of case disharmony, with ā́namasva intransitive/reflexive in the frame (“bend (yourself) here”) and transitive in the simile (“as craftsment bend a felly”). This is based in part on the fact that medial forms of √nam (outside the 1st ps.) are intransitive, and this interpr. also makes better sense of the voc. aṅgiraḥ: in the sg., áṅgiras- is used almost exclusively of Agni and never, as far as I know, of a human poet/priest as it would be here if a poet/priest is the subj. of ā́namasva. But I failed to remember that nemí- is said to be feminine, and therefore tám should not qualify it. I am still unwilling to give up my interpr., however, and would note first that at least in the RV there are no diagnostic passages where nemí- must be feminine, that is, no passages containing unambiguous feminine adjectives modifying it. And as a short -i-stem, it does not look feminine.

So I would claim either that it is being treated as a masc. in this passage or that redactionally initial *tā́ṃ was changed to tám; there are no metrical implications.

As craftsmen bend the felly, so bend at our general call: come nigh,
Angiras, to the sacrifice.

Ihn beuge näher heran zum Opfer wie die Ribhu´s den Radkranz biegen, durch gemeinsame Anrufungen, o Angiraside!

Ihn bieg’ durch Anrufungen her, wie Zimmerer des Rades Kranz, Recht nah ans Opfer, Angiras.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

अग्निनाम से ईश्वर की स्तुति कहते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (उत) और भी (देव) हे देव=ईश ! (देवान्) तेरी आज्ञा पर चलने के कारण शोभन कर्मवान् और (विदुष्टरः) जगत् के तत्त्वों को जाननेवाले (नः) हम उपासकों को (अच्छ) अभिमुख होकर (वाचः) उपदेश दे और (विश्वा) समस्त (वार्य्या) वरणीय ज्ञानों और धनों को (श्रद्+कृधि) सत्य बना ॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - भगवान् हमारे हृदयप्रदेश में उपदेश देता है और इस जगत् के प्रत्येक पदार्थ भी मनुष्यों को सदुपदेश दे रहे हैं, परन्तु इस तत्त्व को विरले ही विद्वान् समझते हैं। हे मनुष्यों ! इसकी शरण में आकर इस जगत् का अध्ययन करो ॥२॥

अग्निनाम्नेश्वरस्य स्तुतिः।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - उत=अपि च। हे देव ! देवान्=शोभनकर्मवतः। विदुष्टरः=अतिशयेन विदुषः। नोऽस्मान्। अच्छ=अभिमुखं यथा तथा। वोचः=उपदिश। तथा विश्वा=सर्वाणि। वार्य्या=वरणीयानि ज्ञानानि। श्रत्=सत्यानि। कृधि=विधेहि ॥२॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

त꣡स्मै नून꣡म् अभि꣡द्यवे
वाचा꣡ विरूप नि꣡त्यया
वृ꣡ष्णे चोदस्व सुष्टुति꣡म्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
abhídyave ← abhídyu- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

nūnám ← nūnám (invariable)
{}

tásmai ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

nítyayā ← nítya- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

vācā́ ← vā́c- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

virūpa ← vírūpa- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

codasva ← √cud- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

suṣṭutím ← suṣṭutí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

vŕ̥ṣṇe ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

तस्मै॑ । नू॒नम् । अ॒भिऽद्य॑वे । वा॒चा । वि॒ऽरू॒प॒ । नित्य॑या ।
वृष्णे॑ । चो॒द॒स्व॒ । सु॒ऽस्तु॒तिम् ॥

• tasmai ← tad
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• nūnam
• [adverb]
• “now; surely; immediately; just.”

• abhidyave ← abhidyu
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “celestial; brilliant.”

• vācā ← vāc
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”

• virūpa
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Virūpa.”

• nityayā ← nitya
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “continuous; own(a); changeless; everlasting; continual; devoted(p); permanent; obligatory; continuing; indispensable; native; addicted; connatural; necessary; durable; ageless; invariable; biological.”

• vṛṣṇe ← vṛṣan
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

• codasva ← cud
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “urge; rush.”

• suṣṭutim ← suṣṭuti
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “hymn; praise.”

हे विरूप नानारूपैतन्नामक महर्षे त्वं तस्मै प्रसिद्धाय अभिद्यवे अभिगतदीप्तये वृष्णे वर्षकायाग्नये नित्यया उत्पत्तिरहितया वाचा मन्त्ररूपया सुष्टुतिं नूनम् इदानीं चोदस्व स्तुहीत्येवमृषिः स्वात्मानं ब्रवीति यजमानो वा होतारं विरूपम् ॥

English translation:

“Virūpa, with constant voice address your praise to this well-plural ased showerer (of blessings).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Withconstant voice: nityayā vācā: an allusion to the eternal nature of the hymns, utpatti rahitayā vācāmantrarūpayā; well- plural ased: abhidyave = abhigatatṛptaye; abhigatadīptaye

Now for him, for the heaven-bound bull, o Virūpa [=poet],
with your very own speech rouse your lovely praise hymn.

Now, O Virupa, rouse for him, Strong God who shines at early morn,
Fair praise with voice that ceases not.

Beeile jetzt, o Virupa, das Loblied auf diesen himmlischen Bullen durch eigene Rede!

Beeile diesem Stiere nun dem Himmelsstürmer Lobgesang, Virupa, siegend fort und fort.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

वही पुनः प्रार्थित होता है।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (यविष्ठ) हे जगन्मिश्रणकारी (सहसः+सूनो) हे जगदुत्पादक (आहुत) हे संसार में प्रविष्ट ! (यत्) जिस कारण (त्वम्+ह) तू (ऋत+वा) सत्यवान् और (यज्ञियः+भुवः) परम पूज्य है, अतः तू सर्वत्र प्रार्थित होता है ॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - यविष्ठ्य=जीव से जगत् को और सूर्य्यादि लोकों को परस्पर मिलानेवाला होने से वह यविष्ठ्य कहाता है। आहुत, इसको उत्पन्न कर परमात्मा ने इसमें अपने को होम कर दिया, ऐसा वर्णन बहुधा आता है, अतः वह आहुत है। अन्यत् स्पष्ट है ॥३॥

स एव प्रार्थ्यते।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे यविष्ठ्य=जगतो मिश्रणकारिन् ! हे सहसः+सूनो=सहसा बलेन यदुत्पाद्यते तत् सहो जगत्। सूते जनयतीति सूनुर्जनयिता। हे जगतो जनयितः ! हे आहुत=संसारप्रविष्ट ! यद्=यस्मात्। त्वं+ह। तावा=सत्यवान्। यज्ञियश्च=पूज्यश्च। भुवः=भवसि। अतः सर्वत्र प्रार्थ्यसे ॥३॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

क꣡म् उ ष्विद् अस्य से꣡नया
अग्ने꣡र् अ꣡पाकचक्षसः
पणिं꣡ गो꣡षु स्तरामहे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

kám ← ká- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sénayā ← sénā- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

svit ← svit (invariable)
{}

u ← u (invariable)
{}

agnéḥ ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

ápākacakṣasaḥ ← ápākacakṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

góṣu ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}

paṇím ← paṇí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

starāmahe ← √str̥- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

कम् । ऊं॒ इति॑ । स्वि॒त् । अ॒स्य॒ । सेन॑या । अ॒ग्नेः । अपा॑कऽचक्षसः ।
प॒णिम् । गोषु॑ । स्त॒रा॒म॒हे॒ ॥

• kam ← ka
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “what; who; ka [pronoun].”

• u
• [adverb]
• “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

• ṣvid ← svid
• [adverb]
• “svid [word].”

• asya ← idam
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• senayāgner ← senayā ← senā
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “army; senā [word]; armament.”

• senayāgner ← agneḥ ← agni
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• apākacakṣasaḥ ← apāka
• [noun]
• “distant; far.”

• apākacakṣasaḥ ← cakṣasaḥ ← cakṣas
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “eye; look; radiance.”

• paṇiṃ ← paṇim ← paṇi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “niggard; paṇ.”

• goṣu ← go
• [noun], locative, plural, masculine
• “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

• starāmahe ← stṛ
• [verb], plural, Aorist conj./subj.
• “spread; kill; lay; cover.”

अस्य अग्नेः अपाकचक्षसः अनल्पचक्षसोऽग्नेः सेनया ज्वालारूपया गोषु निमित्तेषु कमु ष्वित् कं खलु पणिं स्तरामहे । स्तरणं हिंसनम् । इदानीं बलिनमभिभवेमेत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“What strong enemy shall we overthrow, to win kine, by the help of the host of this Agni of unmeasuredradiance?”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The host = rays

What Paṇi shall we lay low with his weapon, the weapon of Agni whose eye is not fooled,
when cattle are at stake?

On ápāka- see comm. ad I.110.2.

With missile of this Agni, his who looks afar, will we lay low
The thief in combat for the kine.

Welchen Pani werden wir denn mit dem Flammenheere dieses Agni, der im Rücken Augen hat, zu Fall bringen im Kampf um die Kühe?

Wie? strecken wir durch das Geschoss des Agni hier, der fernhin strahlt, Den Dieb nicht bei den Kühen hin?

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अयम्+अग्निः) यह सर्वत्र प्रसिद्ध जगदाधार जगदीश (शतिनः) शत संख्याओं से युक्त (सहस्रिणः) सहस्र पदार्थों से युक्त (वाजस्य) धन और विज्ञान का पति है। (रयीणाम्) सर्व प्रकार की सत्ताओं का भी वही अधिपति है और (मूर्धा) सम्पूर्ण जगत् का शिर और (कविः) परम विज्ञानी है ॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो परमात्मा सम्पूर्ण ज्ञान और धन का अधिपति है, वह हमको धन और ज्ञान दे ॥४॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - अयमग्निः शतिनः सहस्रिणश्चोक्तसंख्योपेतस्य वाजस्यान्नस्य पतिः स्वामी मूर्धा शिरोवदुन्नतः श्रेष्ठः कविर्मेधावी। रयीणां=धनानामपि पतिरिति शेषः। तदुभयं प्रयच्छत्वित्यर्थः ॥४॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

मा꣡ नो देवा꣡नां᳐ वि꣡शः
प्रस्नाती꣡र् इव उस्राः꣡
कृशं꣡ न꣡ हासुर् अ꣡घ्नियाः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
devā́nām ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

mā́ ← mā́ (invariable)
{}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

víśaḥ ← víś- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

iva ← iva (invariable)
{}

prasnātī́ḥ ← √snā- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

usrā́ḥ ← usrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

ághnyāḥ ← ághnya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

hāsuḥ ← √hā- 2 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

kr̥śám ← kr̥śá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)
{}

मा । नः॒ । दे॒वाना॑म् । विशः॑ । प्र॒स्ना॒तीःऽइ॑व । उ॒स्राः ।
कृ॒शम् । न । हा॒सुः॒ । अघ्न्याः॑ ॥

• mā
• [adverb]
• “not.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• devānāṃ ← devānām ← deva
• [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• viśaḥ ← viś
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

• prasnātīr ← prasnātīḥ ← prasnā ← √snā
• [verb noun], accusative, plural

• ivosrāḥ ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• ivosrāḥ ← usrāḥ ← usrā
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “cow; dawn.”

• kṛśaṃ ← kṛśam ← kṛśa
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “thin; low; bony; kṛśa [word]; insignificant; forceless.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• hāsur ← hāsuḥ ← hā
• [verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “abandon; decrease; want; kill; deteriorate; get rid of; exclude; lose; avoid; remove; leave; abandon; neglect; leave; discard; apostatize; discontinue; weaken; abandon; assail; subtract; foreswear; pour away; withdraw; depart; reduce.”

• aghnyāḥ ← aghnyā
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “cow.”

देवानां सर्वेषां विशः प्रजाभूतान् परिचारकान् नः अस्मान् मा हासीत् अग्निर्मा परित्यजतु । प्रस्नातीः उस्राः इव पयः क्षरन्तीर्गाव इव । ता यथा न मुञ्चन्ति । उभयमपि न परित्यजत्वित्यर्थः । किमिव । कृशम् अल्पं स्ववत्सम् अघ्न्याः गावो यथा न हासुः न परित्यजन्ति तद्वत् ॥

English translation:

“May he not (forasake) us, the liegemen of the gods, as the milk- streaming cows (forsake not); the kineabandon not a little (calf).”

Let not the clans of the gods, like rosy bathers [=Dawns],
leave us behind like cows a scrawny (calf).

Geldner sees cows as the referent of the fem. bathers in b, which are, in his interpr., leaving their calves behind as they bathe. Although I do not know about the bathing habits of cows before modern animal husbandry (and Google is no help here), I doubt that they abandoned their calves to go splash in the river – and I also doubt that Geldner knew much about this topic either. Moreover, having bathing cows abandoning their calves in b and non-bathing cows doing the same in c seems poetically clumsy. Rather I follow Renou in taking the rosy bathers of b to be the dawns (though he still sneaks in the cows in his tr. “vaches-aurores”). As he points out, Dawn arises from her bath in V.80.5, and usrá- in the fem. pl. is regularly used of dawns. I think there is a hint of coquetry and teasing here: a group of girls bathing in a river, surprised by some young men, with the girls flashing a bit of skin and then running off in fits of giggles. The girls-bathing motif is fairly widespread: the Gopis and Kṛṣṇa come to mind, as well as Nausicaa and her friends in the Odyssey, and nearer to home, the Apsarases engage in water play in X.95.7-9.

Let not the Companies of Gods fail us, like Dawns that float away,
Like cows who leave the niggardly.

Nicht sollten uns die Clane der Götter im Stich lassen wie die badenden Kühe ihr Kalb, wie die Kühe ein schwächliches Kalb.

Nicht weich’ von uns der Götter Schar, wie Rinder die ins Wasser gehn, Wie Kühe von dem magern Kalb.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• स्वराडार्चीगायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे विद्वद्गण ! (सहूतिभिः) समान प्रार्थनाओं से (तम्) उस ईश्वर को (आनमस्व) नमस्कार करो (यथा) जैसे (ऋभवः) रथकार (नेमिम्) रथ का सत्कार करते हैं, तद्वत्। (अङ्गिरः) हे अङ्गों का रसप्रद (यज्ञम्) शुभकर्म (नेदीयः) हम लोगों के निकट कीजिये ॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - सदा ईश्वर से प्रार्थना करनी चाहिये, जिससे हम लोग शुभकर्म में सदा प्रवृत्त रहें ॥५॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे विद्वन् ! सहूतिभिः=समानप्रार्थनाभिः। तं+आनमस्व= नमस्कारं कुरु। यथा ऋभवः=रथकाराः। नेमिम्= नमस्कुर्वन्ति। हे अङ्गिरः=अङ्गानां रस ! यज्ञम्+नेदीयः= अन्तिकतमं कुरु ॥५॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

मा꣡ नः समस्य दूढि꣡यः
प꣡रिद्वेषसो अंहतिः꣡
ऊर्मि꣡र् न꣡ ना꣡वम् आ꣡ वधीत्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
dūḍhyàḥ ← dūḷhī́- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

mā́ ← mā́ (invariable)
{}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

samasya ← sama- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

aṁhatíḥ ← aṁhatí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}

páridveṣasaḥ ← páridveṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

ná ← ná (invariable)
{}

nā́vam ← naú- ~ nā́v- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

ūrmíḥ ← ūrmí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vadhīt ← √vadhⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

मा । नः॒ । स॒म॒स्य॒ । दुः॒ऽध्यः॑ । परि॑ऽद्वेषसः । अं॒ह॒तिः ।
ऊ॒र्मिः । न । नाव॑म् । आ । व॒धी॒त् ॥

• mā
• [adverb]
• “not.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• samasya ← sama
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “like; like; alike(p); level; symmetrical; balanced; average; same; regular; impartial; imperturbable; even; sama [word]; every(a); accurate; identical; fair; equal; synonymous; changeless; whole; exact; calm; straight; even; wide.”

• dūḍhyaḥ ← dūḍhī
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “malevolent.”

• paridveṣaso ← paridveṣasaḥ ← paridveṣas
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “hater.”

• aṃhatiḥ ← aṃhati
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine

• ūrmir ← ūrmiḥ ← ūrmi
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
• “wave; billow.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• nāvam ← nau
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “ship; boat; nau [word].”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• vadhīt ← vadh
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
• “kill; assail; kick; māray; destroy; beat.”

समस्य सर्वस्य परिद्वेषसः परितो द्विषतः दूढ्यः पापबुद्धेः अंहतिः हननं मा आ वधीत् मा हिंस्यात् । नावम् ऊर्मिः समुद्रतरङ्ग इव । स यथा तां पीडयति तद्वन्मा वधीदित्यर्थः । अत्र ‘मा नः सर्वस्य दुर्धियः’ (निरु. ५. २३) इत्यादि निरुक्तं द्रष्टव्यम् ॥

English translation:

“Let not the onset of any evil-minded adversary harm us as the wave (overwhelms) a ship.”

Let not the coercion of anyone of evil intention and
encompassing hatred
crash down on us, like a wave on a boat.

Let not the sinful tyranny of any fiercely hating foe
Smite us, as billows smite a ship.

Nicht soll uns von irgend einem übelgesinnten Feinde Ungemach treffen wie die Welle das Schiff.

Nicht möge eines tückischen Bedrängers Hass zerschlagen uns, Gleich wie das Schiff der Wogendrang.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (विरूप) हे विविध रङ्गरूप भाषादियुक्त मानवगण ! तू (तस्मै) उस परमात्मा की (सुष्टुतिम्) शोभन स्तुति (नित्यया+वाचा) नित्य वेदरूप वाणी से (चोदय) करो, जो (नूनम्) अवश्य (अभिद्यवे) चारों और प्रकाशमान हो रहा है, जो (वृष्णे) आनन्द की वर्षा दे रहा है ॥६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो परमेश्वर सर्वत्र प्रकृति के मध्य विराजमान हो रहा है, उसकी स्तुति प्रार्थना करो ॥६॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे विरूप=विविधरूप मानवगण ! त्वम्। नित्यया=उत्पत्तिरहितया। वाचा=वेदवाण्या। तस्मै= परमात्मने। नूनम्=इदानीम्। सुष्टुतिम्=शोभनां स्तुतिम्। चोदय=प्रेरय। तस्मै कथंभूताय अभिद्यवे=अभितो द्योतमानाय=प्रकाशमानाय। पुनः। वृष्णे=आनन्दवर्षकाय ॥६॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

न꣡मस् ते अग्न ओ꣡जसे
गृण꣡न्ति देव कृष्ट꣡यः
अ꣡मैर् अमि꣡त्रम् अर्दय

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
agne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

námaḥ ← námas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

ójase ← ójas- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

deva ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

gr̥ṇánti ← √gr̥̄- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

kr̥ṣṭáyaḥ ← kr̥ṣṭí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

ámaiḥ ← áma- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

amítram ← amítra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ardaya ← √r̥d- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

नमः॑ । ते॒ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । ओज॑से । गृ॒णन्ति॑ । दे॒व॒ । कृ॒ष्टयः॑ ।
अमैः॑ । अ॒मित्र॑म् । अ॒र्द॒य॒ ॥

• namas ← namaḥ ← namas
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “adoration; court; namas [word]; bow; salute.”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• agna ← agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• ojase ← ojas
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”

• gṛṇanti ← gṛ
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “praise.”

• deva
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• kṛṣṭayaḥ ← kṛṣṭi
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “people; citizenry.”

• amair ← amaiḥ ← ama
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “am; panic; power; ferocity.”

• amitram ← amitra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “enemy; foe.”

• ardaya ← arday ← √ṛd
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “afflict; afflict; affect; distress; torment; impel; grind; suffer.”

हे अग्ने देव ते तुभ्यं नमः गृणन्ति नमस्कारशब्दमुञ्चारयन्ति । किमर्थम् । ओजसे बलाय । के। कृष्टयः मनुष्या यजमानाः । अतोऽहमपि गृणामीत्यर्थः । तथा अमैः बलैः अमित्रं शत्रुम् अर्दय नाशय ॥ ॥ २५ ॥

English translation:

“Divine Agni, men utter your praises for the attainment of strength; by strength destroy the enemy.”

Homage to your power, Agni! The separate peoples hymn you, o god. With your attacks shake our foe to pieces.

The standard tr. take námaḥ as obj. of gṛṇánti and ab as a single clause (“they hymn homage to …”). But √gṝ doesn’t otherwise take as object the content of the hymn; Grassmann must make up a special category (8) for this passage. And námaḥ + DAT is a well-represented construction.

O Agni, God, the people sing reverent praise to thee for strength:
With terrors trouble thou the foe.

Deiner Stärke, o Gott Agni, sprechen die Völker eine Huldigung aus; mit deinen Angriffen erdrücke die Feinde!

Anbetung weihen deiner Macht, o Gott, die Menschen, Agni, dir; Mit Schrecken quäle du den Feind.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे मनुष्यों ! हम सब (अपाकचक्षसः) सर्वद्रष्टा सर्वनियन्ता (अस्य+अग्नेः) इस सर्वाधार जगदीश की (सेनया) कृपा से (गोषु) गौओं के (कं+स्वित्) निखिल (पणिं) चोरादिक उपद्रवों को (स्तरामहे) पार उतरने में समर्थ होवें ॥७॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जिस कारण परमात्मा सर्वद्रष्टा और सर्वशासक है, इस हेतु अपनी सम्पूर्ण वस्तु उसके निकट समर्पित करे और उसकी इच्छा पर अपना कल्याण छोड़े ॥७॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे मनुष्याः ! वयम्। अपाकचक्षसः=अनल्पदृष्टेः सर्वद्रष्टुरस्येश्वरस्य सेनया कृपया। गोषु=निमित्तेषु। कं+स्वित्=सर्वमेव। पणिं=चोरादिकम्। स्तरामहे=अभिभवेम ॥७॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

कुवि꣡त् सु꣡ नो ग꣡विष्टये
अ꣡ग्ने संवे꣡षिषो रयि꣡म्
उ꣡रुकृद् उरु꣡ णस् कृधि

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
gáviṣṭaye ← gáviṣṭi- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

kuvít ← kuvít (invariable)
{}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sú ← sú (invariable)
{}

ágne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

saṁvéṣiṣaḥ ← √viṣ- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

kr̥dhi ← √kr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

urú ← urú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

úrukr̥t ← úrukr̥t- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

कु॒वित् । सु । नः॒ । गोऽइ॑ष्टये । अग्ने॑ । स॒म्ऽवेषि॑षः । र॒यिम् ।
उरु॑ऽकृत् । उ॒रु । नः॒ । कृ॒धि॒ ॥

• kuvit ← kuvid
• [adverb]
• “surely; indeed.”

• su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• gaviṣṭaye ← gaviṣṭi
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “foray.”

• ‘gne ← agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• saṃveṣiṣo ← saṃveṣiṣaḥ ← saṃviṣ ← √viṣ
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

• rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• urukṛd ← uru
• [noun]
• “wide; broad; great; uru [word]; much(a); excellent.”

• urukṛd ← kṛt
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “causing; making; performing; promotive; producing; doing; acting; writing; transforming; effecting.”

• uru
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter

• ṇas ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• kṛdhi ← kṛ
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

हे अग्ने त्वं नः अस्माकं गविष्टये गवामेषणाय कुवित् बहु रयिं धनं संवेषिषः संप्रापय । उरुकृत् त्वं नः अस्मान्” उरु कृधि कुरु ॥

English translation:

“Agni, send us abundance of wealth to satisfy our desires; giver of free space, grant us abundant rooṃ”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Gaviṣṭi = gavām eṣaṇāya, I have given it a genitive ral meaning

Surely you will toil for wealth for us, for our quest for cattle, Agni? Make a wide (way) for us, you wide-maker.

The published translation “…you will toil for wealth for us, for our quest for cattle” makes the two “for” phrases sound parallel, though they are not in Sanskrt (acc. rayím, dat. gáviṣṭaye). The intent is that Agni should work hard to obtain wealth for us, which we can use in our quest for cattle (that is, further wealth).

Pāda c is an almost comically economical etymological figure: úrukṛd urú naḥ kṛdhi.

Wilt thou not, Agni, lend us aid in winning cattle, winning wealth?
Maker of room, make room for us.

Gewiß wirst du, Agni, unserem Wunsch nach Kühen baß Reichtum gewähren. Du Bahnmacher, mach uns freie Bahn!

Wirst du nicht unsrer Güterlust bescheeren, Agni, reiches Gut? Raumschaffer, schaffe du uns Raum.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (देवानां) सूर्य्य, चन्द्र, अग्नि आदि देवों से सुरचित और सुरक्षित (विशः) प्रजागण (नः) हम लोगों को (मा हासुः) मत त्यागें। यहाँ दो दृष्टान्त कहते हैं। (इव) जैसे (प्रस्नातीः) शीतलता और प्रकाश को फैलाती हुई (उस्राः) उषाएँ जीवों को नहीं त्यागतीं और जैसे (अघ्न्याः) अहन्तव्या गाएँ (कृशं) अपने वत्सगण को (न+हासुः) नहीं त्यागतीं ॥८॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हम मनुष्य वैसा शुद्धाचरण सत्यग्रहण कपटादिदोषराहित्य तथा ईश्वर की आराधनादि सद्गुण उपार्जन करें, जिससे सज्जनगण हमको न त्यागें ॥८॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - देवानां=सर्वेषां पदार्थानां मध्ये। विशः=निखिल-विज्ञानेषु प्रवेशकारिणः। नः=अस्मान्। मा हासुः=प्रभुर्मा त्यजतु। अत्र दृष्टान्तद्वयम्। प्रस्नातीः=दुग्धं स्रवन्त्यः। उस्राः+इव=गाव इव तथा। अघ्न्याः=गावः। न=यथा। कृशं=वत्सम्। न+हासुः=न त्यजन्ति ॥८॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

मा꣡ नो अस्मि꣡न् महाधने꣡
प꣡रा वर्ग् भारभृ꣡द् यथा
संव꣡र्गं सं꣡ रयिं꣡ जय

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
asmín ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

mā́ ← mā́ (invariable)
{}

mahādhané ← mahādhaná- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

bhārabhŕ̥t ← bhārabhŕ̥t- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

párā ← párā (invariable)
{}

vark ← √vr̥j- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

yathā ← yathā (invariable)
{}

jaya ← √ji- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

rayím ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sám ← sám (invariable)
{}

saṁvárgam ← saṁvárga- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

मा । नः॒ । अ॒स्मिन् । म॒हा॒ऽध॒ने । परा॑ । व॒र्क् । भा॒र॒ऽभृत् । य॒था॒ ।
स॒म्ऽवर्ग॑म् । सम् । र॒यिम् । ज॒य॒ ॥

• mā
• [adverb]
• “not.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• asmin ← idam
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• mahādhane ← mahā ← mahat
• [noun]
• “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”

• mahādhane ← dhane ← dhana
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “wealth; property; money; treasure; prize; dhana [word]; valuable; dhan; capital; fight.”

• parā
• [adverb]
• “away.”

• varg ← vark ← vṛj
• [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

• bhārabhṛd ← bhāra
• [noun], masculine
• “weight; load; difficulty; bhāra [word]; bhāra; quantity; trouble; specific gravity; cargo; effort; labor.”

• bhārabhṛd ← bhṛt
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “endowed; bringing; carrying.”

• yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• saṃvargaṃ ← saṃvargam
• [adverb]

• saṃ ← sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• rayiṃ ← rayim ← rayi
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• jaya ← ji
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “overcome; cure; win; conquer; control; win; succeed; remove; beat; govern; surpass; suppress.”

नः अस्मान् अस्मिन् महाधने संग्रामे मा परा वर्क् मा परित्याक्षीः । भारभृद्यथा । भारवाही यथा भारमन्ते परित्यजति तद्वत् । संवर्गं शत्रुभ्यः सहाच्छिद्यमानं रयिं धनं सं जय अस्मदर्थम् ॥

English translation:

“Leave us not in this conflict as a bearer his burden win for us the plural ndered wealth of our foes.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Asmin =agne

Do not shun us in this (contest for) great stakes, any more than a burden-bearer would (his burden).
Win wealth as your takings.

This vs. relies on an untranslatable pun on the root √vṛj ‘twist’, in two different idioms: párā √vṛj ‘shun, avoid’ (← ‘twist around’) and sám √vṛj ‘twist together’ à ‘gather up’ of winnings at dice (hence my ‘takings’).

In this great battle cast us not aside as one who bears a load:
Snatch up the wealih and win it all.

Laß uns in diesem großen Kampf nicht fallen wie der Lastträger seine Last. Alles einstreichend gewinne Reichtum!

Wirf nicht in dieser grossen Schlacht uns wie ein Bürdenträger ab, Gewinn als Beute reiches Gut.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (समस्य) समस्त (दूढ्यः) दुर्बुद्धियों और (परिद्वेषसः) जगत् के महा द्वेषियों का (अंहतिः) हननास्त्र अथवा पाप (नः) हम लोगों का (म+आवधीत्) वध न करे। (न) जैसे (ऊर्मिः) समुद्रतरङ्ग (नावम्) नौकाओं को छिन्न-भिन्न कर नष्ट कर देती है ॥९॥

भावार्थभाषाः - दुर्बुद्धियों और द्वेषी पुरुषों से हम सदा पृथक् रहें। ऐसा न हो कि उनका संसर्ग हम लोगों को भी कुपथ में ले जाकर नष्ट कर दे। जैसे कुपित समुद्रतरङ्ग जहाजों को तोड़कर डुबा देता है ॥९॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - समस्य=समस्तस्य। दूढ्यः=दुर्धियः। परिद्वेषसः=परितो द्विषतः। जनस्य। अंहतिः=हननसाधनं तत्कृतपापं वा। नः=अस्मान्। मा+वधीत्। अत्र दृष्टान्तः। ऊर्मिर्न=यथा समुद्रतरङ्गः। नावम् ॥९॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

अन्य꣡म् अस्म꣡द् भिया꣡ इय꣡म्
अ꣡ग्ने सि꣡षक्तु दुछु꣡ना
व꣡र्धा नो अ꣡मवच् छ꣡वः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
anyám ← anyá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

asmát ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ABL, number:PL}

bhiyaí ← bhī́- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

iyám ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}

ágne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

duchúnā ← duchúnā- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}

síṣaktu ← √sac- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ámavat ← ámavant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

śávaḥ ← śávas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

várdha ← √vr̥dh- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

अ॒न्यम् । अ॒स्मत् । भि॒यै । इ॒यम् । अग्ने॑ । सिस॑क्तु । दु॒च्छुना॑ ।
वर्ध॑ । नः॒ । अम॑ऽवत् । शवः॑ ॥

• anyam ← anya
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”

• asmad ← asmat ← mad
• [noun], ablative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• bhiyā ← bhiyai ← bhī
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “fear; bhī; alarm.”

• iyam ← idam
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• siṣaktu ← sac
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “accompany; follow; company; obey; participate; enter.”

• ducchunā
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
• “calamity; misfortune.”

• vardhā ← vardha ← vṛdh
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• amavacchavaḥ ← amavat
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “impressive; strong.”

• amavacchavaḥ ← śavaḥ ← śavas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “strength; power; superiority.”

हे अग्ने त्वदीया इयं दुच्छुना बाधकसंहतिः अस्मत् अन्यम् अस्तोतारं भियै भयाय सिषक्तु सेवताम् । त्वं च नः अस्माकम् अमवत् बलोपेतं शवः वेगं वर्ध वर्धय संग्रामे ॥

English translation:

“Agni, may your plural gues pursue some other to terrify him; increase our vigorous strength in battle.”

Let this misfortune here follow some other one than us, to frighten him, o Agni.
Strengthen our power of attack.

O Agni, let this plague pursue and fright another and not us:
Make our impetuous strength more strong.

Einen anderen als uns soll zum Schrecken dieses Unheil heimsuchen, o Agni! Mehre unsere gewaltige Macht!

Nicht uns verfolge schreckensvoll, o Agni, dieses Ungemach Vermehre unsre kühne Kraft.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अग्ने) हे सर्वाधार (देव) दिव्यगुणसम्पन्न ईश ! (कृष्टयः) प्रजागण (ओजसे) बलप्राप्ति करने के लिये (ते) तुमको (नमः+गृणन्ति) नमस्कार करते हैं। वह तू (अमैः) अपने नियमों से (अमित्रम्) जगत् के शत्रुओं को (अर्दय) दूर कर ॥१०॥

भावार्थभाषाः - प्रत्येक आदमी को उचित है कि वह परस्पर द्रोह की चिन्ता से अलग रहे, तब ही जगत् के शत्रुसमूह चूर्ण हो सकते हैं ॥१०॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - अग्ने=सर्वाधार ! हे देव=दिव्यगुणसम्पन्न ! कृष्टयः=प्रजाः। ओजसे=बलाय। ते=तुभ्यम्। नमः+गृणन्ति=नमः शब्दमुच्चारयन्ति। स त्वम्। अमैः=स्वनियमैः। अमित्रं= संसारशत्रुम्। अर्दय=विनाशय ॥१०॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

य꣡स्या꣡जुषन् नमस्वि꣡नः
श꣡मीम् अ꣡दुर्मखस्य वा
तं꣡ घे꣡द् अग्नि꣡र् वृधा꣡वति

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ájuṣat ← √juṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

namasvínaḥ ← namasvín- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, number:SG}

yásya ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

ádurmakhasya ← ádurmakha- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

śámīm ← śámī- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

vā ← vā (invariable)
{}

agníḥ ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

avati ← √avⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

gha ← gha (invariable)
{}

ít ← ít (invariable)
{}

tám ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vr̥dhā́ ← vŕ̥dh- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

यस्य॑ । अजु॑षत् । न॒म॒स्विनः॑ । शमी॑म् । अदुः॑ऽमखस्य । वा॒ ।
तम् । घ॒ । इत् । अ॒ग्निः । वृ॒धा । अ॒व॒ति॒ ॥

• yasyājuṣan ← yasya ← yad
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• yasyājuṣan ← ajuṣat ← juṣ
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”

• namasvinaḥ ← namasvin
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “worshiping; reverent.”

• śamīm ← śamī
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “Prosopis spicigera Linn.; śamī [word]; Acacia sundra; attempt; labor.”

• adurmakhasya ← adurmakha
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine

• vā
• [adverb]
• “or; optionally; either.”

• taṃ ← tam ← tad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• ghed ← gha
• [adverb]

• ghed ← id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• agnir ← agniḥ ← agni
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• vṛdhāvati ← vṛdhā ← vṛdh
• [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
• “increasing.”

• vṛdhāvati ← avati ← av
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

यस्य नमस्विनः नमस्कारवतः अदुर्मखस्य वा अदुष्टयागस्य वा शमीं कर्म अजुषत् असेवत तं घेत् तमेव यजमानं संग्रामे अग्निर्विधावति विशेषेण गच्छति । अतो नमोयुक्ता अदुर्मखाश्च भवामेति भावः ॥

English translation:

“Agni especially protects (in battle) that praiser or zealous sacrificer whose offerings he has attendeḍ”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Especially protects: vṛdhā avati = viśeṣeṇa gacchati; agni protects him with blessing

(The man) who offers homage or is no stingy patron, whose ritual labor he [=Agni] has enjoyed—
him alone does Agni help with strengthening.

Technically speaking, the genitives yásya … namasvínaḥ … ádurmakhasya vā depend on śámīm, but it is almost impossible to render this in parsable English (“the labor of which homage-offerer or not stingy one Agni has enjoyed …”).

The reverent or unwearied man whose holy labour he accepts,
Him Agni favours with success.

An wes Verehrers oder Nichtkargen Opferdienst er Gefallen gefunden hat, den begünstigt Agni mit Gedeihen.

Den Beter und den Emsigen, dess Arbeit er mit Huld empfing, Den fördert Agni durch Gedeihn.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अग्ने) हे जगदाधार ! तू (गविष्टये) गौ आदि पशुओं की प्राप्ति के लिये (कुवित्) बहुत (रयिम्) सम्पत्ति (नः) हम लोगों को (सुसंवेषिषः) दीजिये। हे भगवन् ! तू (उरुकृत्) बहुत करनेवाला है, इसलिये (नः) हम लोगों की सब वस्तु को (उरु) बहुत (कृधि) कर ॥११॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हम मनुष्य गौ आदि पशुओं को पाल कर उसके दुग्ध घृत आदि से यज्ञकर्म करके लोकोपकार करें ॥११॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे अग्ने ! गविष्टये=गोप्रभृतिपशूनां प्राप्तये। नः=अस्मान्। कुवित्=बहु। रयिम्=सम्पत्तिम्। सु+संवेषिषः=प्रापय। हे भगवन् ! त्वं उरुकृदसि। नः=अस्माकं सर्वं वस्तु। उरु=महत्। कृधि=कुरु ॥११॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प꣡रस्या अ꣡धि संव꣡तो
अ꣡वराँ अभि꣡ आ꣡ तर
य꣡त्राह꣡म् अ꣡स्मि ताँ꣡ अव

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ádhi ← ádhi (invariable)
{}

párasyāḥ ← pára- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:F, number:SG}

saṁvátaḥ ← saṁvát- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:F, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
{}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)
{}

ávarān ← ávara- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

tara ← √tr̥̄- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ahám ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

ásmi ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ava ← √avⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

tā́n ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}

yátra ← yátra (invariable)
{}

पर॑स्याः । अधि॑ । स॒म्ऽवतः॑ । अव॑रान् । अ॒भि । आ । त॒र॒ ।
यत्र॑ । अ॒हम् । अस्मि॑ । तान् । अ॒व॒ ॥

• parasyā ← parasyāḥ ← para
• [noun], ablative, singular, feminine
• “best; other; following; devoted(p); extreme; highest; otherwordly; better; hostile; maximal; distant; another(a); para [word]; upper; concluding; foreign; earlier; worse; longer; finest; excessive.”

• adhi
• [adverb]
• “on; from; accordingly.”

• saṃvato ← saṃvataḥ ← saṃvat
• [noun], ablative, singular, feminine
• “tract.”

• ‘varāṃ ← avarāṃ ← avara
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “worst; avara [word]; lower; nearer; base; short; low; abject; later(a); worse; antecedent.”

• abhy ← abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• tara ← tṛ
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “traverse; overcome; float; rescue; reach; satisfy.”

• yatrāham ← yatra
• [adverb]
• “wherein; once [when].”

• yatrāham ← aham ← mad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “I; mine.”

• asmi ← as
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• tāṃ ← tad
• [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• ava ← av
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

हे अग्ने परस्याः अन्यस्याः संवतः सेनायाः अवरान् अन्यानस्मदीयान् अभि अभिमुखम् आ सर्वतः तर तारय । वैरिसेना अस्मद्भटैः पराभावयेत्यर्थः । यत्र येष्वस्मदीयपरिजनमध्ये अहमस्मि स्वामी तानव रक्ष ॥

English translation:

“Deliver us wholly from the hostile army, shield those among whom I am (lord).”

From beyond the distant boundary, cross over to the ones below, where I am. Help them!

Abandoning the foeman’s host pass hither to this company:
Assist the men with whom I stand.

Von der anderen Seite geh zu den auf dieser Seite Stehenden über! Wo ich bin, die begünstige!

Aus ferner Gegend dringe du zu uns den näheren hindurch, Bei denen ich bin, denen hilf.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे ईश ! (अस्मिन्+महाधने) इस नाना धनयुक्त संसार में (नः) हम लोगों को असहाय (मा+परा+वर्क्) मत छोड़, यथा जैसे (भारभृत्) भारवाही भार को त्यागता है, तद्वत्, किन्तु (संवर्गं) अच्छिद्यमान अर्थात् चिरस्थायी (रयिं) मुक्तरूप धन (संजय) दे ॥१२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - महाधन=इस संसार में जिस ओर देखते हैं, सम्पत्तियों का अन्त नहीं पाते, तथापि मनुष्य अज्ञानवश दुर्नीति के कारण दुःख पा रहा है, इससे ईश्वर इसकी रक्षा करे ॥१२॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे ईश ! अस्मिन् महाधने=संसारे। नः=अस्मान्। असहायान्। मा+परा+वर्क्=मा त्याक्षीः। यथा भारभृद् भारं त्यजति तद्वत्। त्वं संवर्गं=अच्छिद्यमानम्। रयिं=नित्यधनम्। सं+जय=देहि ॥१२॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - विरूपः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

विद्मा꣡ हि꣡ ते पुरा꣡ वय꣡म्
अ꣡ग्ने पितु꣡र् य꣡था꣡वसः
अ꣡धा ते सुम्न꣡म् ईमहे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
hí ← hí (invariable)
{}

purā́ ← purā́ (invariable)
{}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

vayám ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:PL}

vidmá ← √vid- 2 (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

ágne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ávasaḥ ← ávas- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

pitúḥ ← pitár- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)
{}

ádha ← ádha (invariable)
{}

īmahe ← √yā- 2 (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sumnám ← sumná- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

वि॒द्म । हि । ते॒ । पु॒रा । व॒यम् । अग्ने॑ । पि॒तुः । यथा॑ । अव॑सः ।
अध॑ । ते॒ । सु॒म्नम् । ई॒म॒हे॒ ॥

• vidmā ← vidma ← vid
• [verb], plural, Perfect indicative
• “know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

• hi
• [adverb]
• “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• purā
• [adverb]
• “once; earlier; first; purā [indecl.].”

• vayam ← mad
• [noun], nominative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• pitur ← pituḥ ← pitṛ
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

• yathāvasaḥ ← yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• yathāvasaḥ ← avasaḥ ← avas
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “aid; favor; protection.”

• adhā ← adha
• [adverb]
• “then; and; therefore; now.”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• sumnam ← sumna
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “favor; benevolence; sumna [word]; entreaty; favor.”

• īmahe ← ī ← √i
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “beg; solicit.”

हे अग्ने पितुः पालकस्य ते तव अवसः अवो रक्षणं पुरा यथा तथेदानीमपीति विद्म । अधः तत् ते तव सुम्नं सुखम् ईमहे याचामहे । अथवा पितुर्यथेति दृष्टान्तः । पितुः पालनं पुत्रो यथा वेत्ति तथेत्यर्थः ॥ ॥ २६ ॥

English translation:

“We know your protection, Agni, as of a father in former times, therefore we (again) desire of you thathappiness.”

For we know of your help from of old, o Agni—help like that of a father—
and so we beg your favor.

As we have known thy gracious help, as of a Father, long ago,
So now we pray to thee for bliss.

Denn wir haben früher deine Gunst erfahren, o Agni, wie die eines Vaters; darum bitten wir um dein Wohlwollen.

Wir kennen, Agni, ja von je wie eines Vaters deine Huld, Drum bitten wir um deine Gunst.

• अग्निः
• विरुपः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अग्ने) हे भगवन् ! (इयम्) यह (दुच्छुना) विस्फोटक हैजा, प्लेग आदि महामारी अन्य आपकी स्तुति प्रार्थना से रहित चोर डाकू आदिकों को (भियै+सिषक्तु) भय दे और नाश करे किन्तु (अस्मत्) जो हम लोग आपकी कीर्ति गाते हैं, उनको न डरावें। (नः) हम लोगों के (शवः) आन्तरिक बल को (अमवत्) दृढ़, धैर्य्ययुक्त (वर्ध) कर और बढ़ा ॥१३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे ईश ! तेरा कोप महामारी आदि रोग हम लोगों पर न आ गिरे, किन्तु जो जगत् के शत्रु और तेरी स्तुति आदि से रहित हैं, उनको भय दिखलावे ॥१३॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - अग्ने=हे भगवन् ! इयं+दुच्छुना=विस्फोटकादिमहामारी। भियै=भयाय। अस्मद्=अन्यं स्तुतिरहितं पुरुषम्। सिषक्तु=सेवताम्। नः=अस्मभ्यम्। अमवत्=महाबलोपेतम्। शवः=धैर्य्यम्। वर्ध=वर्धय देहि ॥१३॥