०५२

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

य᳓था म᳓नौ वि᳓वस्वति
सो᳓मं शक्रा᳓पिबः सुत᳓म्
य᳓था त्रिते᳓ छ᳓न्द इन्द्र जु᳓जोषसि
आयउ᳓ मादयसे स᳓चा

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
mánau ← mánu- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

vívasvati ← vívasvant- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)

ápibaḥ ← √pā- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

śakra ← śakrá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

sómam ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sutám ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

chándaḥ ← chándas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

jújoṣasi ← √juṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

trité ← tritá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)

āyaú ← āyú- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

mādayase ← √mad- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sácā ← sácā (invariable)

यथा॑ । मनौ॑ । विव॑स्वति । सोम॑म् । श॒क्र॒ । अपि॑बः । सु॒तम् ।
यथा॑ । त्रि॒ते । छन्दः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । जुजो॑षसि । आ॒यौ । मा॒द॒य॒से॒ । सचा॑ ॥

• yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• manau ← manu
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “Manu; mantra; Manusmṛti; fourteen; man; manu [word]; Vaivasvata; incantation; sacred text.”

• vivasvati ← vivasvant
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “Surya; sun; Vivasvant; Vivasvant.”

• somaṃ ← somam ← soma
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• śakrāpibaḥ ← śakra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight et Arn.; ivory tree.”

• śakrāpibaḥ ← apibaḥ ← pā
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• sutam ← su
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• trite ← trita
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “Trita.”

• chanda
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• jujoṣasy ← jujoṣasi ← juṣ
• [verb], singular, Perfect conjunctive (subj.)
• “enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”

• āyau ← āyu
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine

• mādayase ← māday ← √mad
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “delight; enjoy; intoxicate.”

• sacā
• [adverb]
• “jointly.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“As you, Śakra, did drink the effused Soma from Manu Vivasvat, as you did accept the hymn from Trita,so do you gladden yourself with Āyu.”

Just as at Manu Vivasvant’s you drank pressed soma, able one,
just as at Trita’s you will enjoy the poem, Indra, (even so) at Āyu’s you bring yourself to exhilaration—

This verse is almost identical to 51.1 in its first half, save for Manu’s patronymic; the structure of the second halves is very similar, with locatives expressing the various sacrificers, past and present, where Indra has enjoyed or will enjoy the sacrifice.

Wie du Mächtiger bei Manu Vivasvat den ausgepreßten Soma getrunken hast, wie du, Indra, bei Trita an der Dichtung Gefallen findest -auch bei Ayu ergötzest du dich-

Wie du, o starker, bei dem Manu, dem Sohne des Vivasvat, den gepressten Soma getrunken hast, wie du, o Indra, beim Trita das Zauberlied huldvoll annimmst, so erfreue dich auch bei dem Aju.

Как у Ману Вивасвата,
Пил ты, о могучий, выжатого сому,
Как у Триты, о Индра, ты наслаждаешься стихами,
(Так) опьяняешься ты вместе с Аю.

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• निचृद्बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

पृ᳓षध्रे मे᳓धिये मातरि᳓श्वनि
इ᳓न्द्र स्वाने᳓° अ᳓मन्दथाः
य᳓था सो᳓मं द᳓शशिप्रे द᳓शोणिये
स्यू᳓मरश्माव् ऋ᳓जूनसि

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
mātaríśvani ← mātaríśvan- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

médhye ← médhya- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

pŕ̥ṣadhre ← pŕ̥ṣadhra- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ámandathāḥ ← √mand- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:MED}

índra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

suvāné ← √su- (root)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

dáśaśipre ← dáśaśipra- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

dáśoṇye ← dáśoṇya- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

sómam ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)

ŕ̥jūnasi ← ŕ̥jūnas- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

syū́maraśmau ← syū́maraśmi- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

पृष॑ध्रे । मेध्ये॑ । मा॒त॒रिश्व॑नि । इन्द्र॑ । सु॒वा॒ने । अम॑न्दथाः ।
यथा॑ । सोम॑म् । दश॑ऽशिप्रे । दश॑ऽओण्ये । स्यूम॑ऽरश्मौ । ऋजू॑नसि ॥

• pṛṣadhre ← pṛṣadhra
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “Pṛṣadhra.”

• medhye ← medhya
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “barley; goat.”

• mātariśvanīndra ← mātariśvani ← mātariśvan
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “wind; Mātariśvan; Vayu; vāta.”

• mātariśvanīndra ← indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• suvāne ← su
• [verb noun], locative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• amandathāḥ ← mand
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “rejoice; exhilarate.”

• yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• somaṃ ← somam ← soma
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• daśaśipre ← daśaśipra
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine

• daśoṇye ← daśoṇya
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine

• syūmaraśmāv ← syūmaraśmau ← syūmaraśmi
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine

• ṛjūnasi ← ṛjūnas
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“You did enjoy, Indra, the effused drink with Pṛṣadhra, Medhya and Mātariśvan, just as you did drinkthe Soma with Daśaśipra, Daśoṇya, Syumaraśmi, and Ṛjunas.”

(Just as) at Pr̥ṣadhra’s, at Medhya’s, at Mātariśvan’s, Indra, you became exhilarated on the (soma) being pressed,
just as at Daśasipra’s, at Daśoṇya’s, at Syūmaraśmi’s, at R̥jūnas’ (you drank) the soma.

The pattern of the first verse is continued here.

Wie du bei Prisadhra, bei Medhya, bei Matarisvan an dem ausgepreßten Soma dich ergötztest, Indra; wie du bei Dasasipra den Soma trankst, bei Dasonya, Sumarasmi, Rijunas-

Wie du bei Prischadhra, Medhja, Mātariçvan, o Indra, dich am gepressten Tranke erfreut hast, wie du den Soma [trankst] bei Daçaçipra, Daçonia, Sjūmaraçmi und Ridschūnas.

(Как) у Пришадхры, Медхьи, Матаришвана, о Индра,
Ты опьянялся выжатым (сомой),
Как (пил ты) сому у Дашашипры, Дашоньи,
Сьюмарашми, Риджунаса…

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• पादनिचृत्पङ्क्ति
• पञ्चमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

य᳓ उक्था᳓ के᳓वला दधे᳓
यः᳓ सो᳓मं धृषिता᳓पिबत्
य᳓स्मै वि᳓ष्णुस् त्री᳓णि पदा᳓ विचक्रम᳓
उ᳓प मित्र᳓स्य ध᳓र्मभिः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
dadhé ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

kévalā ← kévala- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

ukthā́ ← ukthá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ápibat ← √pā- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

dhr̥ṣatā́ * ← √dhr̥ṣ- (root)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sómam ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

padā́ ← padá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

trī́ṇi ← trí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

vicakramé ← √kramⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

víṣṇuḥ ← víṣṇu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

yásmai ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

dhármabhiḥ ← dhárman- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:PL}

mitrásya ← mitrá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

úpa ← úpa (invariable)

यः । उ॒क्था । केव॑ला । द॒धे । यः । सोम॑म् । धृ॒षि॒ता । अपि॑बत् ।
यस्मै॑ । विष्णुः॑ । त्रीणि॑ । प॒दा । वि॒ऽच॒क्र॒मे । उप॑ । मि॒त्रस्य॑ । धर्म॑ऽभिः ॥

• ya ← yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• ukthā ← uktha
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “hymn; praise; uktha [word]; encomium.”

• kevalā ← kevala
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “pure; alone(p); whole; all(a); pure; entire; kevala [word]; alone(p); single(a); white; absolute.”

• dadhe ← dhā
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• somaṃ ← somam ← soma
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• dhṛṣitāpibat ← dhṛṣitā ← dhṛṣ
• [verb noun], instrumental, singular
• “dare; attack.”

• dhṛṣitāpibat ← apibat ← pā
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• yasmai ← yad
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• viṣṇus ← viṣṇuḥ ← viṣṇu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Vishnu; Krishna; Viṣṇu; Om; Shiva.”

• trīṇi ← tri
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “three; tri/tisṛ [word].”

• padā ← pada
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “word; location; foot; footprint; pada [word]; verse; footstep; metrical foot; situation; dwelling; state; step; mark; position; trace; construction; animal foot; way; moment; social station; topographic point; path; residence; site; topic.”

• vicakrama ← vicakrame ← vikram ← √kram
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “act heroicly; stride.”

• upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• mitrasya ← mitra
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”

• dharmabhiḥ ← dharma
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
• “Dharma; custom; dharma [word]; regulation; duty; Dharma; Dharma; Dharma; Dharma; law; law; peculiarity; justice.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“(It is Indra) who has appropriated the hymns for himself, who has bravely drunk the Soma, for whomViṣṇu strode the three steps according to the ordinances of Mitra.”

He who took as his own the hymns, who boldly drank the soma,
for whom Viṣṇu strode his three steps, according to the institutes of their alliance …

A series of relative clauses without a main clause. It cannot be connected with the next verse because the relative pronoun has a different referent there.

Der für sich allein die Loblieder beanspruchst, der herzhaft den Soma trank, für den Vishnu die drei Schritte ausschritt nach den Pflichten des Freundes.

[Er ist es,] welcher allein die Sprüche sich angeeignet hat, der den Soma herzhaft [dhṙṣatâ zu lesen] getrunken hat, und für welchen Vischnu die drei Schritte schritt nach den Ordnungen des Mitra.

Кто требует гимнов только для себя,
Кто дерзко пил сому,
Кому Вишну прошагал три шага
По законам дружбы…

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

य᳓स्य त्व᳓म् · इन्द्र स्तो᳓मेषु चाक᳓नो
वा᳓जे वाजिञ् छतक्रतो
तं᳓ त्वा वयं᳓ सुदु᳓घाम् इव गोदु᳓हो
जुहूम᳓सि श्रवस्य᳓वः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
cākánaḥ ← √kanⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

stómeṣu ← stóma- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

yásya ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

śatakrato ← śatákratu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

vā́je ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

vājin ← vājín- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

godúhaḥ ← godúh- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, number:PL}

iva ← iva (invariable)

sudúghām ← sudúgha- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

tám ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

tvā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}

vayám ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:PL}

juhūmási ← √hū- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

śravasyávaḥ ← śravasyú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

यस्य॑ । त्वम् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । स्तोमे॑षु । चा॒कनः॑ । वाजे॑ । वा॒जि॒न् । श॒त॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ शतऽक्रतो ।
तम् । त्वा॒ । व॒यम् । सु॒दुघा॑म्ऽइव । गो॒ऽदुहः॑ । जु॒हू॒मसि॑ । श्र॒व॒स्यवः॑ ॥

• yasya ← yad
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• stomeṣu ← stoma
• [noun], locative, plural, masculine
• “hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”

• cākano ← cākanaḥ ← kan
• [verb], singular, Perfect conjunctive (subj.)
• “like; delight; desire.”

• vāje ← vāja
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• vājiñchatakrato ← vājin
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “victorious; triumphant; strong; gainful.”

• vājiñchatakrato ← śatakrato ← śatakratu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• taṃ ← tam ← tad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• tvā ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, singular
• “you.”

• vayaṃ ← vayam ← mad
• [noun], nominative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• sudughām ← sudughā
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “cow.”

• iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• goduho ← go
• [noun], masculine
• “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

• goduho ← duhaḥ ← duh
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “duh.”

• juhūmasi ← hvā
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “raise; call on; call; summon.”

• śravasyavaḥ ← śravasyu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “celebrated.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“O Śatakratu, you who are bountiful to him whose praises and oblations you delight in, we, desiringwealth, invoke you, as the milkers call a cow which bears abundant milk.”

In whose praises, Indra, you will take pleasure when the prize (is set), you prizewinner of a hundred resolves…
Eager for fame, we call to you, as milkers call on a cow who gives
good milk.

This verse is structurally a mess. It seems at first to have made the same shift of the referent of the relative pronoun from Indra (vs. 3) to Indra’s client (vs. 4) as was made in the preceding hymn in vs. 6: yásya stómeṣu “in whose praises” refers to the praiser. But the resumptive pronoun tám refers not to the praiser but to Indra, as the phrase táṃ tvā makes explicit, and the single praiser of 4a, implicitly in the 3rd person (though see Scarlatta 225, who supplies “Zu mir”), corresponds to the 1st pl.

vayám in c.

Geldner (followed by Scarlatta 225) takes vā́je as part of the voc. phrase in b: “du im Kampf Sieghafter, Ratreicher.” This is possible, I suppose, and even favored by the pāda boundary, but I take it as one of those locative absolutes without expressed participle, like common dháne “when the stake (is set).”

An dessen Lobliedern du, Indra, Freude haben sollst, du im Kampf Sieghafter, Ratreicher - dich rufen wir wie die Kuhmelker die gutmelke Kuh, Ruhm begehrend.

An wessen Lobliedern du, o Indra, Gefallen findest und an wessen Labung, [dem bist du] labungsreich, o hundertfach wirkender; drum rufen wir dich wie die Melker eine schönmilchende Kuh, nach Schätzen begierig.

В чьих восхвалениях, о Индра, ты находишь радость,
О стоумный победитель в борьбе…-
Тебя, такого, мы, как доильщики хорошо доящуюся корову,
Зовем, жаждя славы.

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• निचृत्पङ्क्ति
• पञ्चमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

यो᳓ नो दाता᳓ स᳓ नः पिता᳓
महाँ᳓ उग्र᳓ ईशानकृ᳓त्
अ᳓यामन्न् उग्रो᳓ मघ᳓वा पुरूव᳓सुर्
गो᳓र् अ᳓श्वस्य प्र᳓ दातु नः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
dātā́ ← dātár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

pitā́ ← pitár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

īśānakŕ̥t ← īśānakŕ̥t- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

mahā́n ← mahā́nt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ugráḥ ← ugrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

áyāman ← áyāman- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

maghávā ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

purūvásuḥ ← purūvásu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ugráḥ ← ugrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

áśvasya ← áśva- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

dātu ← √dā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

góḥ ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

prá ← prá (invariable)

यः । नः॒ । दा॒ता । सः । नः॒ । पि॒ता । म॒हान् । उ॒ग्रः । ई॒शा॒न॒ऽकृत् ।
अया॑मन् । उ॒ग्रः । म॒घऽवा॑ । पु॒रु॒ऽवसुः॑ । गोः । अश्व॑स्य । प्र । दा॒तु॒ । नः॒ ॥

• yo ← yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• dātā ← dā
• [verb], singular, periphrast. future
• “give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• pitā ← pitṛ
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

• mahāṃ ← mahat
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”

• ugra ← ugraḥ ← ugra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”

• īśānakṛt ← īśāna ← īś
• [verb noun]
• “govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

• īśānakṛt ← kṛt
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “causing; making; performing; promotive; producing; doing; acting; writing; transforming; effecting.”

• ayāmann ← a
• [adverb]
• “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

• ayāmann ← yāman
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “expedition; path; expedition; arrival.”

• ugro ← ugraḥ ← ugra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”

• maghavā ← maghavan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; maghavan [word].”

• purūvasur ← purūvasuḥ ← purūvasu
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “rich.”

• gor ← goḥ ← go
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

• aśvasya ← aśva
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• dātu ← dā
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“He who gives to us is our father, the mighty, the strong, he who acts as the sovereign, may he, thestrong rich Maghavan, give us kine and horses, even without our asking for it.”

Who is a giver to us, he is our father—great, powerful, performing the master’s part.
Even without our begging, let the powerful bounteous one who
possesses many goods give to us of cow and horse.

On īśānakṛ́t see I.61.11. Here the point is that Indra does what masters are supposed to do: give. In c áyāman is universally taken (as far as I know) as ‘not on a journey’, but it makes much more sense as a derivative of √yā ‘beg’, indicating that even without prompting Indra should do the right thing by us.

Der unser Schenker ist, der ist unser Vater, der große, gewaltige Reichmacher. Auch wenn er nicht auf der Fahrt ist, soll uns der Gewaltige, Freigebige, Schätzereiche weiter Rind und Roß schenken.

Der uns Gaben zutheilt, der ist unser Vater, der grosse, gewaltige, der als mächtiger Herrscher wirkt; auch ohne zu kommen (?), schenke uns der starke, mächtige, sehr reiche Rinder und Rosse.

Кто наш даритель, тот наш отец,
Великий, грозный, действующий как владыка.
(Даже когда он) не в походе, грозный, щедрый, богатый добром,
Пусть дарит нам корову (и) коня!

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

य᳓स्मै तुवं᳓ वसो दाना᳓य मं᳓हसे
स᳓ राय᳓स् पो᳓षम् इन्वति
वसूय᳓वो व᳓सुपतिं शत᳓क्रतुं
स्तो᳓मैर् इ᳓न्द्रं हवामहे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
dānā́ya ← dāná- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

máṁhase ← √maṁh- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

vaso ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yásmai ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

invati ← √i- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

póṣam ← póṣa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

rāyáḥ ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{gender:M}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śatákratum ← śatákratu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vásupatim ← vásupati- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vasūyávaḥ ← vasūyú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

havāmahe ← √hū- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

índram ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

stómaiḥ ← stóma- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

यस्मै॑ । त्वम् । व॒सो॒ इति॑ । दा॒नाय॑ । मंह॑से । सः । रा॒यः । पोष॑म् । इ॒न्व॒ति॒ ।
व॒सु॒ऽयवः॑ । वसु॑ऽपतिम् । श॒तऽक्र॑तुम् । स्तोमैः॑ । इन्द्र॑म् । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ ॥

• yasmai ← yad
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• vaso ← vasu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

• dānāya ← dāna
• [noun], dative, singular, neuter
• “giving; gift; bribery; performance; addition; yajña; fueling; teaching.”

• maṃhase ← mah
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “give; accord.”

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• rāyas ← rāyaḥ ← rai
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

• poṣam ← poṣa
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “prosperity; poṣa [word].”

• invati ← inv
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “bring; drive.”

• vasūyavo ← vasūyavaḥ ← vasūyu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• vasupatiṃ ← vasu
• [noun], neuter
• “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

• vasupatiṃ ← patim ← pati
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”

• śatakratuṃ ← śatakratum ← śatakratu
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Indra.”

• stomair ← stomaiḥ ← stoma
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”

• indraṃ ← indram ← indra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• havāmahe ← hvā
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “raise; call on; call; summon.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“He to whom you give a present that he may obtain abundance of wealth; we, desiring wealth, invokewith our praises Indra Śatakratu, the lord of wealth.”

He to whom you are ready to give, o good one, that one spurs the thriving of wealth.
Seeking goods, with praises we call on the lord of goods possessing a hundred resolves: Indra.

Although this hymn does not at all correspond to its predecessor (VIII.51) to the same degree as VIII.49 and 50, this verse shows real responsion to 51.6: yásmai tváṃ vaso dānā́ya [2ND SG. VERB] (a) / sá rāyás póṣam [3RD SG. VERB] (b) / … havāmahe (d).

Wem du Gütiger zu schenken bereit bist, der erzielt Zunahme des Reichtums. Nach Schätzen begierig rufen wir den Schätzeherrn, den ratreichen Indra mit Lobliedern.

Wem du, o guter, Geschenke ertheilst, derför dert seines Reichthums Blüte; nach Gut begierig rufen wir den hundertfach thätigen Herrn der Güter, den Indra durch Loblieder.

Кому ты, о благой, делаешь дар,
Тот преуспевает в процветании богатства.
Стремясь к благам, повелителя благ стоумного
Индру мы зовем восхвалениями.

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• निचृत्पङ्क्ति
• पञ्चमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

कदा᳓ चन᳓ प्र᳓ युछसि
उभे᳓ नि᳓ पासि ज᳓न्मनी
तु᳓रीयादित्य ह᳓वनं त इन्द्रिय᳓म्
आ᳓ तस्थाव् अमृ᳓तं दिवि᳓

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
caná ← caná (invariable)

kadā́ ← kadā́ (invariable)

prá ← prá (invariable)

yuchasi ← √yu- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

jánmanī ← jánman- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:DU}

ní ← ní (invariable)

pāsi ← √pā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ubhé ← ubhá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:DU}

āditya ← ādityá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

hávanam ← hávana- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

indriyám ← indriyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

túrīya ← turī́ya- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

amŕ̥tam ← amŕ̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

diví ← dyú- ~ div- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

tasthau ← √sthā- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

क॒दा । च॒न । प्र । यु॒च्छ॒सि॒ । उ॒भे इति॑ । नि । पा॒सि॒ । जन्म॑नी॒ इति॑ ।
तुरी॑य । आ॒दि॒त्य॒ । हव॑नम् । ते॒ । इ॒न्द्रि॒यम् । आ । त॒स्थौ॒ । अ॒मृत॑म् । दि॒वि ॥

• kadācana
• [adverb]
• “ever; sometimes.”

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• yucchasy ← yucchasi ← yu
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “keep away; separate; ward off.”

• ubhe ← ubh
• [noun], accusative, dual, neuter
• “both(a).”

• ni
• [adverb]
• “back; down.”

• pāsi ← pā
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “protect; govern.”

• janmanī ← janman
• [noun], accusative, dual, neuter
• “birth; reincarnation; lineage; origin; race; metempsychosis; parentage; descent; appearance; age; birthplace; beginning; being.”

• turīyāditya ← turīya
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fourth.”

• turīyāditya ← āditya
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “sun; Aditya; Surya; āditya [word].”

• havanaṃ ← havanam ← havana
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “yajña.”

• ta ← te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• indriyam ← indriya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “aindra.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• tasthāv ← tasthau ← sthā
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”

• amṛtaṃ ← amṛtam ← amṛta
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”

• divi ← div
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

इदानीमृषिः सूर्यरूपेणेन्द्रं स्तौति ।

हे इन्द्र कदाचन कदापि त्वं प्र युच्छसि प्रमत्तो भवसि । नैव भवसीति कटाक्षः । अहोरात्रं जागरूक एवासीत्यर्थः ।

यतस् त्वम् उभे जन्मनी - एकमदितेरिन्द्र-रूपेण जन्म, द्वितीयं ब्रह्म-विद्यातः जगद्-आत्म-रूपेणेति द्वे जनुषी ।

नि पासि नितरां पालयसि । न ह्य् असावधानः प्रपञ्चं परमार्थं च उभयं कर्तुं शक्नुयात् कश्चिद् इति भावः । हे तुरीय प्रत्यगात्म-रूपेण अवस्था-त्रयातीत हे आदित्य अदिति-पुत्र इन्द्र ते तव स्वभूतमिन्द्रियमिन्द्रस्य तव लिङ्गं द्योतकं हवनम् । हूयतेऽस्मिन्निति हवनम् आदित्य-मण्डलम् । ‘अग्नौ प्रास्ताहुतिः सम्यगादित्यमुपतिष्ठते ’ इति स्मृतेरादित्यमण्डलस्य होमाधिष्ठानत्वं प्रसिद्धम् ।

तादृशं मण्डलम् अमृतं मरण-धर्म-रहितं सत् दिवि द्युलोके आ तस्थौ आभिमुख्येनातिष्ठत् । यस्मात् त्वं जगदात्मासीत्य्-अतस् त्वां हवामह इति पूर्वेणान्वयः ।।

हे ग्रह कदाचिदपि प्रयुच्छसि? न युच्छसि । युच्छ प्रमादे । कस्यां चिदप्यवस्थायां स्वकार्यं प्रति प्रमादं न करोषीत्यर्थः । यागसाधनम् एव स्वकार्यमस्य ।

अत्र धात्व्-अर्थस्य निवृत्तिं प्र-शब्द आचष्टे, यथा प्रस्मरणं प्रस्थानं प्रपूरणमिति । +++(5)+++

यद्वा - किंशब्दोत्र गम्यमानार्थो न प्रयुज्युते । किं कदाचित्त्वं प्रयुछसि प्रमाद्यसि, न खल्व् एतत् सम्भाव्यते - सर्वदावहितत्वाद् इत्यर्थः ।

तद् एवावधानं दर्शयितुमाह - उभे खलु जन्मनी वर्तमानभविष्यल्लक्षणे निपासि नियमेन रक्षसि, ऐहिकादामुष्मिकाच्चानर्थाद्यजमानं रक्षसीत्यर्थः ।

अधुनादित्य-ग्रहम् एव चतुर्थसवनत्वेन रूपयन्नामन्त्रयते +++(4)+++ - हे आदित्य । ‘दित्यदित्यादित्यपत्युत्तरपदाण्ण्यः’ । आदित्य-ग्रह तुरीय चतुर्थ चतुर्थ-सवनात्मन् । आदित्य-ग्रहम् एव चतुर्थं सवनं रूपयित्वा स्तौति । तृतीय-सवनात् प्रागेवेदं चतुर्थं सवनं सम्पद्यते, यद् इदं तव ग्रहणमिति ।

अस्य च सवनस्य सवनान्तरेभ्यो विशिष्टतामाह - ते तव खल्विदं सवनमिन्द्रियं इन्द्रजूष्टम् । ‘इन्द्रियमिन्द्रलिङ्गम्’ इत्यादिना निपात्यते । इन्द्रप्रीतिकरमित्यर्थः ।

पुनश् च सवनं विशिनष्टि - दिवि आदित्ये द्यु-लोके वा अमृतत्वेना तस्थौ आस्थितम् । नास्मिन् मृतं मरणमस्य वा नास्तीत्यमृतम् अमरणहेतुरित्यर्थः । ‘नञो जरमरमित्रमृताः’ इत्युत्तरपदाद्युदात्तत्वम् । यद्वा - दिवि हविर्धाने आतस्थौ, इदं सवनं हविर्धान एव समाप्यत इत्यर्थः । ‘द्यौर्हविर्धानम्’ इति च मन्त्रवर्णः । ‘ऊडिदम्’ इत्यादिना दिवो विभक्तिरुदात्ता । यद्वा - ‘तस्यै चत्वार आदित्या अजायन्त’ इति तुरीयादित्योस्त्येव, स एवात्रामन्त्र्यते ॥

English translation:

“Never are you heedless, you guard both races, (gods and men); O fourth Āditya, to you belongs the Indra invocation, the ambrosia has risen to heaven.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

I.e. with Varuṇa, Mitra and Aryaman

Never do you stay away; you protect both breeds [=gods and men]. O fourth Āditya, the invocation destined for you, for Indra, has mounted to the immortal (world?) in heaven.

Though the verse starts like its counterpart, 51.7, with kadā́caná [2ND SG.], the verses go off in different directions.

The elements in the second hemistich can be variously distributed. Like most interpretors I take hávanam as the mortals’ call to the gods and the subject of ā́ tasthau, but I take indriyám as modifying it, meaning (unusually for this stem) ‘destined for / appropriate to Indra’ (so, approximately, Oldenberg), while Geldner instead makes it the goal and supplies “name”: “… bis zu deinem indrischen unsterblichen (Namen) im Himmel…” This is not impossible, but I do not understand why our invocation would go to Indra’s name. I supply bhúvanam or similar with amṛ́tam.

The vocative “fourth Āditya” (túrīyāditya) is somewhat surprising, but as Oldenberg suggests it must identify Indra as fourth, after the standard trio Mitra, Varuṇa, and Aryaman. Why Indra is called an Āditya in this particular context is not clear to me.

At no time art thou heedless,
But dost guard the two generations;
The pressing is thy strength, O fourth Aditya
The ambrosia is ready in the sky.

Auch nicht einmal wirst du nachlässig. Du behütest die beiden Geschlechter. O vierter Aditya, die Anrufung ist bis zu deinem indrischen unsterblichen Namen im Himmel gedrungen.

Nimmer bist du fern; du schützest beide Geschlechter [Götter und Menschen]; o vierter Aditja, dein ist die Indraanrufung und der Göttertrank ist zum Himmel gestiegen.

Ты же никогда не бываешь равнодушным,
Ты охраняешь оба рода.
О четвертый Адитья, этот призыв к тебе, передающий суть Индры,
Поднялся как напиток бессмертия на небо.

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• निचृद्बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

य᳓स्मै तुव᳓म् मघवन्न् इन्द्र गिर्वणः
शि᳓क्षो शि᳓क्षसि दाशु᳓षे
अस्मा᳓कं गि᳓र उत᳓ सुष्टुतिं᳓ वसो
कण्वव᳓च् छृणुधी ह᳓वम्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
girvaṇaḥ ← gírvaṇas- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

maghavan ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

yásmai ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

dāśúṣe ← dāśváṁs- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

śíkṣasi ← √śak- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT, mood:DES}

śíkṣo ← śikṣú- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG, mood:DES}

asmā́kam ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:PL}

gíraḥ ← gír- ~ gīr- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

suṣṭutím ← suṣṭutí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

utá ← utá (invariable)

vaso ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

hávam ← háva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

kaṇvavát ← kaṇvavát (invariable)

śr̥ṇudhi ← √śru- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

यस्मै॑ । त्वम् । म॒घ॒ऽव॒न् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । गि॒र्व॒णः॒ । शिक्षो॒ इति॑ । शिक्ष॑सि । दा॒शुषे॑ ।
अ॒स्माक॑म् । गिरः॑ । उ॒त । सु॒स्तु॒तिम् । व॒सो॒ इति॑ । क॒ण्व॒ऽवत् । शृ॒णु॒धि॒ । हव॑म् ॥

• yasmai ← yad
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• maghavann ← maghavan
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; maghavan [word].”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• girvaṇaḥ ← girvaṇas
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• śikṣo ← śikṣu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• śikṣasi ← śikṣ
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “help; give.”

• dāśuṣe ← dāś
• [verb noun], dative, singular
• “sacrifice; give.”

• asmākaṃ ← asmākam ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• gira ← giraḥ ← gir
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

• uta
• [adverb]
• “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

• suṣṭutiṃ ← suṣṭutim ← suṣṭuti
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “hymn; praise.”

• vaso ← vasu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

• kaṇvavacchṛṇudhī ← kaṇva
• [noun], masculine
• “Kaṇva; Kaṇva; kaṇva [word].”

• kaṇvavacchṛṇudhī ← vat
• [adverb]
• “equally; like.”

• kaṇvavacchṛṇudhī ← śṛṇudhi ← śru
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

• havam ← hava
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “invocation.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“(As you hear) the worshipper who you favour, O Indra, Maghavan, liberal one, you that love hymns, so,gracious one, hear our hymns and our invocation of praise, like Kaṇva’s.”

For whatever pious one, o bounteous Indra who long for songs, you muster your abilities, able one—
listen to our songs and lovely praise, o good one, to our call, like that of the Kaṇvas.

Another “improper” relative in ab, where the pious man who is the referent of yásmai is then implicitly identified with the emphatic fronted “us” (asmā́kam) in cd.

Welchem Opferspender auch, freigebiger, lobbegehrender Indra, du Willfähriger, willfährig bist - erhöre unsere Reden und das Loblied, du Gütiger, unseren Ruf, wie den von Kanva!

Welchem Verehrer du, o mächtiger, liedliebender Indra, o freigiebiger, Huld erweisest, [den erhörst du]; erhöre, o guter, unsere Lieder und unsern Lobgesang, wie du Kanva erhört hast.

Какого почитателя, о щедрый Индра, любящий песни,
О стремящийся одарить, ты хочешь одарить…-
Наши песни и прекрасное восхваление, о благой,
Услышь, как у Канвы, (наш) призыв!

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• निचृत्पङ्क्ति
• पञ्चमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

अ᳓स्तावि म᳓न्म पूर्विय᳓म्
ब्र᳓ह्म इ᳓न्द्राय वोचत
पूर्वी᳓र् ऋत᳓स्य बृहती᳓र् अनूषत
स्तोतु᳓र् मेधा᳓ असृक्षत

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
ástāvi ← √stu- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:PASS}

mánma ← mánman- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

pūrvyám ← pūrvyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

bráhma ← bráhman- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

índrāya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

vocata ← √vac- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

anūṣata ← √nu- ~ nū- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

br̥hatī́ḥ ← br̥hánt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

pūrvī́ḥ ← purú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

r̥tásya ← r̥tá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

asr̥kṣata ← √sr̥j- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

medhā́ḥ ← medhā́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

stotúḥ ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

अस्ता॑वि । मन्म॑ । पू॒र्व्यम् । ब्रह्म॑ । इन्द्रा॑य । वो॒च॒त॒ ।
पू॒र्वीः । ऋ॒तस्य॑ । बृ॒ह॒तीः । अ॒नू॒ष॒त॒ । स्तो॒तुः । मे॒धाः । अ॒सृ॒क्ष॒त॒ ॥

• astāvi ← stu
• [verb], singular, Aorist passive
• “laud; praise; declare; stu.”

• manma ← manman
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “hymn; idea; purpose.”

• pūrvyam ← pūrvya
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “first; precedent; age-old; excellent; former(a).”

• brahmendrāya ← brahma ← brahman
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”

• brahmendrāya ← indrāya ← indra
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• vocata ← vac
• [verb], plural, Aorist imperative
• “say; describe; name; tell; address; enumerate; call; state; teach; explain; say; declare; speak; define; declare; order; address; recommend; answer; deem; recite; approve; proclaim; indicate; determine; mention; designate.”

• pūrvīr ← pūrvīḥ ← puru
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “many; much(a); very.”

• ṛtasya ← ṛta
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

• bṛhatīr ← bṛhatīḥ ← bṛhat
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

• anūṣata ← nū
• [verb], plural, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
• “praise; shout.”

• stotur ← stotuḥ ← stotṛ
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “laudatory; worshiping.”

• medhā
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
• “intelligence; medhā [word]; Medhā.”

• asṛkṣata ← sṛj
• [verb], singular, sa aorist (Ind.)
• “create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“The old hymn has been sun, you have uttered the prayer to Indra; they have shouted many bṛhatīverses of the rite, many hymns of the worshipper have they poured forth.”

The age-old thought has been expressed as praise. Speak the sacred formulation to Indra.
Many lofty (songs) of truth have roared; the wise thoughts of the
praiser have been released.

The verse deploys a number of words for verbal offerings: mánma (a), bráhma (b), and medhā́ḥ (d). In c a feminine term needs to be supplied in the phrase pūrvī́r ṛtásya bṛhatī́ḥ “the many lofty ___ of truth.” I have supplied gíraḥ ‘songs’ from vs. 8, as it also shows up with pūrvī́ḥ elsewhere (VI.34.1, VIII.96.10, IX.85.11, X.29.5) – though oddly when we get pūrvī́ḥ … br̥hatī́ḥ, it’s with íṣaḥ ‘refreshments’ (VI.1.2, IX.87.9), which wouldn’t fit here because it is not a verbal product. But note gíro bṛhatī́ḥ with the same verb in III.51.1 índraṃ gíro br̥hatī́r abhy ànūṣata. Geldner supplies ‘words’, which would also work semantically, though he doesn’t specify which feminine noun he thinks it is (vā́caḥ perhaps?).

Das allererste Gedicht ist gesungen; sprechet dem Indra den Segen! Viele hohe Worte der Wahrheit ertönten; die Eingebungen des Lobsängers haben sich ergossen.

Gesungen ist das alte Lied, dem Indra habt ihr das Gebet gesprochen; erklungen sind viele Brihativerse des Opfers, des Lobsängers Lieder haben sich ergossen.

Исполнено древнее произведение.
Произнесите Индре священное слово!
Прозвучало много высоких (песен) обряда.
Излились вдохновенные мысли восхвалителя.

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• विराड्बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - आयुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

स᳓म् इ᳓न्द्रो रा᳓यो बृहती᳓र् अधूनुत
सं᳓ क्षोणी᳓ स᳓म् उ सू᳓रियम्
सं᳓ शुक्रा᳓सः शु᳓चयः सं᳓ ग᳓वाशिरः
सो᳓मा इ᳓न्द्रम् अमन्दिषुः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya;; repeated line
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
adhūnuta ← √dhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:MED}

br̥hatī́ḥ ← br̥hánt- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

rā́yaḥ ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}

sám ← sám (invariable)

kṣoṇī́ ← kṣoṇí- ~ kṣoṇī́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:DU}

sám ← sám (invariable)

sám ← sám (invariable)

sū́ryam ← sū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

u ← u (invariable)

gávāśiraḥ ← gávāśir- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sám ← sám (invariable)

sám ← sám (invariable)

śúcayaḥ ← śúci- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

śukrā́saḥ ← śukrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

amandiṣuḥ ← √mand- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

índram ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sómāḥ ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

सम् । इन्द्रः॑ । रायः॑ । बृ॒ह॒तीः । अ॒धू॒नु॒त॒ । सम् । क्षो॒णी इति॑ । सम् । ऊं॒ इति॑ । सूर्य॑म् ।
सम् । शु॒क्रासः॑ । शुच॑यः । सम् । गोऽआ॑शिरः । सोमाः॑ । इन्द्र॑म् । अ॒म॒न्दि॒षुः॒ ॥

• sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• indro ← indraḥ ← indra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• rāyo ← rāyaḥ ← rai
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

• bṛhatīr ← bṛhatīḥ ← bṛhat
• [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
• “large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

• adhūnuta ← dhū
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “shake; remove; chase away.”

• saṃ ← sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• kṣoṇī
• [noun], accusative, dual, feminine
• “Earth.”

• sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• u
• [adverb]
• “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

• sūryam ← sūrya
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

• saṃ ← sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• śukrāsaḥ ← śukra
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “bright; clear; white; light; pure.”

• śucayaḥ ← śuci
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “clean; clean; pure; bright; clear; honest; śuci [word]; clear; impeccant.”

• saṃ ← sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• gavāśiraḥ ← gavāśir
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• somā ← somāḥ ← soma
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• indram ← indra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• amandiṣuḥ ← mad
• [verb], plural, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
• “rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“Indra has heaped together vast stores of wealth, the two worlds and the sun; the bright pureSoma-drink mixed with milk, has exhilarated Indra.”

Indra shook together lofty riches, together the two opponents [=Heaven and Earth], together the sun.
Together the gleaming pure soma-drinks, together those mixed with
milk, have exhilarated Indra.

I don’t really understand the idiom sám √dhū ‘shake together’. Its intent seems to be ‘produce, create’, but the semantic mechanism is unclear to me. It’s possible that sám occurs with √dhū here only because of the sám in the second hemistich. A straight ‘shake out’ or ‘shake loose’ could more easily develop to ‘produce, create’. Though cf. sám √dhū in I.10.8 (where I do tr. ‘shake loose’).

In pāda a rā́yo bṛhatī́ḥ seems to require rayí- to be fem., as occasionally elsewhere (but not so often as generally thought). I wonder, however, if the bṛhatī́ḥ has been borrowed from 9c: pūrvī́r ṛtásya bṛhatī́r anūṣata, which is structured in parallel to 10a sám índro rā́yo bṛhatī́r adhūnuta. It is even possible that bṛhatī́ḥ in 10a doesn’t modify rā́yaḥ but refers to the same object as found in 9c (“lofty songs” vel sim.). This might solve the just-discussed problem of sám √dhū: perhaps there are two objects of “shake together” – something like “shook together riches and lofty (songs).”

Indra hat hohe Reichtümer ausgeschüttelt, er die beiden Welten, die Sonne. Die geklärten, reinen, die milchgemischten Somatränke haben den Indra ergötzt.

Indra hat grosse Reichthümer hervorgeschüttelt, er die beiden Welten, und er die Sonne; jetzt haben den Indra die reinen, hellen, milchgemischten Somatränke erfreut.

Вместе вытряхнул Индра высокие богатства,
Вместе небо и землю и вместе (с ними) солнце.
Вместе прозрачные чистые (и) вместе смешанные с молоком
Соки сомы Индру опьянили.

• इन्द्र:
• आयुः काण्वः
• निचृत्पङ्क्ति
• पञ्चमः