०५०

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

प्र᳓ सु᳓ श्रुतं᳓ सुरा᳓धसम्
अ᳓र्चा शक्र᳓म् अभि᳓ष्टये
यः᳓ सुन्वते᳓ स्तुवते᳓ का᳓मियं व᳓सु
सह᳓स्रेणेव मं᳓हते

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
prá ← prá (invariable)

śrutám ← √śru- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

sú ← sú (invariable)

surā́dhasam ← surā́dhas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

abhíṣṭaye ← abhíṣṭi- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

árca ← √r̥c- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

śakrám ← śakrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

kā́myam ← kā́mya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

stuvaté ← √stu- (root)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sunvaté ← √su- (root)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vásu ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iva ← iva (invariable)

máṁhate ← √maṁh- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

sahásreṇa ← sahásra- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

प्र । सु । श्रु॒तम् । सु॒ऽराध॑सम् । अर्च॑ । श॒क्रम् । अ॒भिष्ट॑ये ।
यः । सु॒न्व॒ते । स्तु॒व॒ते । काम्य॑म् । वसु॑ । स॒हस्रे॑णऽइव । मंह॑ते ॥

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• śrutaṃ ← śrutam ← śru
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

• surādhasam ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• surādhasam ← rādhasam ← rādhas
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”

• arcā ← arca ← arc
• [verb], singular, Present imperative
• “sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”

• śakram ← śakra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight et Arn.; ivory tree.”

• abhiṣṭaye ← abhiṣṭi
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “prevalence; protection.”

• yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• sunvate ← su
• [verb noun], dative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• stuvate ← stu
• [verb noun], dative, singular
• “laud; praise; declare; stu.”

• kāmyaṃ ← kāmyam ← kāmya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “desirable; optional; beautiful.”

• vasu
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

• sahasreṇeva ← sahasreṇa ← sahasra
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”

• sahasreṇeva ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• maṃhate ← mah
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “give; accord.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“I would praise the far-famed, the bounteous Śakra, for the sake of his protection, who gives desirablewealth by thousands to the presser of the Soma and the offerer of hymns.”

Chant forth to the famed, very generous, able one for his dominance, who grants to the presser and to the praiser desirable goods, by the thousands as it were.

This verse is very close to 49.1 in structure and lexicon. Some items are identical and positioned identically: a: surā́dhasam, c: yáh, (-)vasu, d: sahásreṇeva.

Others are identical words but placed differently: ab: (abhí) prá … arca. Then there are synonyms with the same function: c: jaritṛ́bhyaḥ / suvaté stuvaté. Root connections deployed differently: 49d śíkṣati / 50b śakrám; 49c maghávā 50d máṃhate. The only items that don’t have any correspondents in the other hymn are 49a abhí, vaḥ; b: índram … yáthā vidé; c: purū- / 50a sú śrutám; b: abhíṣtaye; c: kā́myam.

Stimm fein das Lied auf den berühmten freigebigen Mächtigen an, um zur Geltung zu kommen, der dem Somapressenden, dem Lobsänger erwünschtes Gut wie durch eine Tausendschenkung spendet.

Den hehren, starken preis’ ich nun zur Hülfe mir, der vieles schenkt, Der vielbegehrte Güter wie zu tausenden dem Sänger gibt, der Soma presst.

Я хочу прекрасно воспеть знаменитого
Прекрасно дарящего могучего - для поддержки,
(Того,) кто выжимающему (сому и) восхваляющему щедро дарует
Желанное добро, словно тысячей (награждает).

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• निचृद्बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

शता᳓नीका हेत᳓यो अस्य दुष्ट᳓रा
इ᳓न्द्रस्य समि᳓षो महीः᳓
गिरि᳓र् न᳓ भुज्मा᳓ मघ᳓वत्सु पिन्वते
य᳓द् ईं सुता᳓ अ᳓मन्दिषुः

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

duṣṭárāḥ ← duṣṭára- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

hetáyaḥ ← hetí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

śatā́nīkāḥ ← śatā́nīka- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

índrasya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

mahī́ḥ ← máh- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

samíṣaḥ ← samíṣ- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

bhujmā́ ← bhujmán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

giríḥ ← girí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

maghávatsu ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}

ná ← ná (invariable)

pinvate ← √pinv- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

ámandiṣuḥ ← √mand- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

īm ← īm (invariable)

sutā́ḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

श॒तऽअ॑नीकाः । हे॒तयः॑ । अ॒स्य॒ । दु॒स्तराः॑ । इन्द्र॑स्य । स॒म्ऽइषः॑ । म॒हीः ।
गि॒रिः । न । भु॒ज्मा । म॒घव॑त्ऽसु । पि॒न्व॒ते॒ । यत् । ई॒म् । सु॒ताः । अम॑न्दिषुः ॥

• śatānīkā ← śata
• [noun], neuter
• “hundred; one-hundredth; śata [word].”

• śatānīkā ← anīkāḥ ← anīka
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “army; face; battalion; battlefront; point; appearance.”

• hetayo ← hetayaḥ ← heti
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “projectile; heti [word].”

• asya ← idam
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• duṣṭarā ← duṣṭarāḥ ← duṣṭara
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “incomparable; irresistible; unbearable; unconquerable.”

• indrasya ← indra
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• samiṣo ← samiṣaḥ ← samiṣ
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine

• mahīḥ ← mahi
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “great; firm.”

• girir ← giriḥ ← giri
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “mountain; adri; rock; giri [word]; hill; śilājatu.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• bhujmā ← bhujman
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine

• maghavatsu ← maghavan
• [noun], locative, plural, masculine
• “big.”

• pinvate ← pinv
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “swell; swell; overflow; abound.”

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• īṃ ← īm ← īṃ
• [adverb]

• sutā ← sutāḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “press out; su.”

• amandiṣuḥ ← mad
• [verb], plural, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
• “rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“Invincible are his hundred-edged weapons, he mighty arrows of Indra; he pours forth blessings on hisliberal worshippers like a mountain rich in springs, when the effused Soma has exhilarated him.”

His missiles with a hundred facets are difficult to overcome, the great projectiles of Indra.
Like a beneficial mountain he swells among the bounteous ones when the pressed (soma drinks) have exhilarated him.

The two versions of this verse deviate slightly more than those of vs. 1: identical and identically positioned: a: śatānīkā (though difference in number concealed by sandhi), a/c: asya; more or less identical, but with inflectional difference: c: giréḥ / girír, pinvire / pinvate; root connections: 49d -bhójasah / 50c bhujmā́. Otherwise the verses are distinct, but notice that 50a śatā́nīkā hetáyaḥ allows the noun with śatā́nīkā in 49a to be supplied.

Hundert Spitzen haben seine Geschosse, unüberwindlich sind des Indra große Pfeile. Wie ein ausgiebiger Berg quillt er für die Lohnherren, wenn ihn die ausgepreßten Säfte berauscht haben.

Wie hunderschneid’ge Pfeile unbezwinglich sind Indra’s Geschosse, mächtig gross, Bei Spendern strömt er wie ein quellenreicher Berg, sobald die Säfte ihn berauscht.

С сотней наконечников его метательные снаряды, неотразимы (они).
Мощны выстрелы Индры.
Словно обильная гора, набухает он для щедрых покровителей,
Когда опьянили его выжатые соки.

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• पङ्क्तिः
• पञ्चमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

य᳓द् ईं सुता᳓स इ᳓न्दवो
अभि᳓ प्रिय᳓म् अ᳓मन्दिषुः
आ᳓पो न᳓ धायि स᳓वनम् म आ᳓ वसो
दु᳓घा इवो᳓प दाशु᳓षे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
īm ← īm (invariable)

índavaḥ ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sutā́saḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

ámandiṣuḥ ← √mand- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

priyám ← priyá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

ā́paḥ ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

dhāyi ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:PASS}

me ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)

sávanam ← sávana- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

vaso ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

dāśúṣe ← dāśváṁs- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

dúghāḥ ← dúgha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

iva ← iva (invariable)

úpa ← úpa (invariable)

यत् । ई॒म् । सु॒तासः॑ । इन्द॑वः । अ॒भि । प्रि॒यम् । अम॑न्दिषुः ।
आपः॑ । न । धा॒यि॒ । सव॑नम् । मे॒ । आ । व॒सो॒ इति॑ । दुघाः॑ऽइव । उप॑ । दा॒शुषे॑ ॥

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• īṃ ← īm ← īṃ
• [adverb]

• sutāsa ← sutāsaḥ ← su
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “press out; su.”

• indavo ← indavaḥ ← indu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• ‘bhi ← abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• priyam ← priya
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”

• amandiṣuḥ ← mad
• [verb], plural, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
• “rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

• āpo ← āpaḥ ← ap
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• dhāyi ← dhā
• [verb], singular, Aorist passive
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• savanam ← savana
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”

• ma ← me ← mad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “I; mine.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• vaso ← vasu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

• dughā ← dughāḥ ← dughā
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “cow.”

• ivopa ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• ivopa ← upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• dāśuṣe ← dāś
• [verb noun], dative, singular
• “sacrifice; give.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“When the effused Soma-drops have exhilarated the beloved one, my oblation is offered abundantly likethe waters, O gracious Indra– it is like the kine to the worshipper.”

When the pressed drops have exhilarated the dear one,
like waters my pressing has been deposited (in you), good one, (and it will be) like milking cows for the pious.

This verse deviates from its correspondent even more than the last.

Identical are sutā́sa índavo (a) and ā́po ná (c); root identity: 49b mádā yé / 50ab yád …

ámandiṣuḥ. In addition the simile in 49.3, where waters fill a pond, allows the underdetermined simile in 50.3 to be interpreted: it seems more likely that the pressing has been deposited in Indra than that it has been set out for him. Geldner follows the latter interpretation and is forced to supply a recipient in the simile that has no textual support: “… dargebracht wie Wasser (dem Durstigen).” See Geldner’s n., which argues for his interpretation and explicitly for a different sense in the simile from that in 49.3.

Wenn die ausgepreßten Säfte den Liebling berauscht haben, so ward mein Trankopfer dargebracht wie Wasser dem Durstigen, o Guter, dem Opferspender wie Milchkühe.

Wenn die gepressten Tropfen ihm, dem lieben, haben Rausch gebracht, Dann wird die Spende, guter, mir zur Wasserflut zum Milchtrank dem verehrenden.

Когда же выжатые соки сомы
Опьянили любимого,
Мое выжимание принято (тобой), о Васу, словно вода (-жаждущим),
Словно дойные коровы пред(назначенные) для почитателя.

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• निचृद्बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

अनेह᳓सं वो ह᳓वमानम् ऊत᳓ये
म᳓ध्वः क्षरन्ति धीत᳓यः
आ᳓ त्वा वसो ह᳓वमानास इ᳓न्दव
उ᳓प स्तोत्रे᳓षु दधिरे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
anehásam ← anehás- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

hávamānam ← √hū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

ūtáye ← ūtí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

vaḥ ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

dhītáyaḥ ← dhītí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

kṣaranti ← √kṣar- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

mádhvaḥ ← mádhu- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

hávamānāsaḥ ← √hū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

índavaḥ ← índu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

tvā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}

vaso ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

dadhire ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

stotréṣu ← stotrá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}

úpa ← úpa (invariable)

अ॒ने॒हस॑म् । वः॒ । हव॑मानम् । ऊ॒तये॑ । मध्वः॑ । क्ष॒र॒न्ति॒ । धी॒तयः॑ ।
आ । त्वा॒ । व॒सो॒ इति॑ । हव॑मानासः । इन्द॑वः । उप॑ । स्तो॒त्रेषु॑ । द॒धि॒रे॒ ॥

• anehasaṃ ← anehasam ← anehas
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “faultless; anehas [word]; incomparable.”

• vo ← vaḥ ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “you.”

• havamānam ← hvā
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “raise; call on; call; summon.”

• ūtaye ← ūti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “aid; favor; ūti [word].”

• madhvaḥ ← madhu
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “sweet; deft.”

• kṣaranti ← kṣar
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “run; melt.”

• dhītayaḥ ← dhīti
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “thinking; prayer; understanding.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• tvā ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, singular
• “you.”

• vaso ← vasu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

• havamānāsa ← havamānāsaḥ ← hvā
• [verb noun], nominative, plural
• “raise; call on; call; summon.”

• indava ← indavaḥ ← indu
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”

• upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• stotreṣu ← stotra
• [noun], locative, plural, neuter
• “hymn; praise.”

• dadhire ← dhā
• [verb], plural, Perfect indicative
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“The prayers which consecrate the Soma flow forth to the incomparable one who calls you for hisfavour, the Soma-drops which invoke you, O gracious one, have set you in the midst of the hymns.”

Your [=poets’] thoughts of honey flow to the faultless (soma), which is calling for help.
The drops, calling on you [=Indra], good one, have been set among the praisers.

The two verses differ from each other almost entirely, except that the openings of the first two pādas are identical: anehásam (a), mádhvaḥ (b). Still, reference to 49.4 aids in the interpretation of this verse: in 49.4 the referent of anehásam is clearly soma; here that is less immediately clear, but surely correct.

See Oldenberg for considerable discussion of this verse, though without reaching firm conclusions.

Zu dem fehlerlosen Soma, der ihn zu eurem Beistand lädt, strömen die süßen Gedanken. Die Somasäfte, die dich laden, du Guter, werden den Lobliedern beigefügt.

Gebete rinnen zu dem Trank, der zum Genuss dich ruft, dem unvergleichlichen, Die Indutränke die, o guter, rufen dich, sind den Gesängen beigesellt.

К несравненному, зовущему (его) для вас на помощь
Текут медовые мысли.
Призывающие тебя, о Васу, соки сомы
Присоединены к восхвалениям.

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• पङ्क्तिः
• पञ्चमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

आ᳓ नः सो᳓मे सुअध्वर᳓
इयानो᳓ ऽत्यो° न᳓ तोशते
यं᳓ ते स्वदावन् सुअ᳓दन्ति गूर्त᳓यः
पौरे᳓ छन्दयसे ह᳓वम्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sóme ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

svadhvaré ← svadhvará- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

átyaḥ ← átya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iyānáḥ ← √yā- 2 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

ná ← ná (invariable)

tośate ← √tuś- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

gūrtáyaḥ ← gūrtí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

svádanti ← √svad- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

svadāvan ← svadāvan- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

yám ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

chandayase ← √chand- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

hávam ← háva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

pauré ← paurá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

आ । नः॒ । सोमे॑ । सु॒ऽअ॒ध्व॒रे । इ॒या॒नः । अत्यः॑ । न । तो॒श॒ते॒ ।
यम् । ते॒ । स्व॒दा॒ऽव॒न् । स्वद॑न्ति । गू॒र्तयः॑ । पौ॒रे । छ॒न्द॒य॒से॒ । हव॑म् ॥

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• some ← soma
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• svadhvara ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• svadhvara ← adhvare ← adhvara
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “yajña; ceremony; adhvara [word].”

• iyāno ← iyānaḥ ← ī ← √i
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “beg; solicit.”

• atyo ← atyaḥ ← atya
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “horse; steed.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• tośate ← tuś
• [verb], singular, Present indikative

• yaṃ ← yam ← yad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], dative, singular
• “you.”

• svadāvan
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• svadanti ← svad
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “sweeten.”

• gūrtayaḥ ← gūrti
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine

• paure ← paura
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “townsman; citizen.”

• chandayase ← chanday ← √chand
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “satisfy.”

• havam ← hava
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “invocation.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“He rushes hurrying like a horse to the Soma offered in our festival, which the hymns make sweet toyou, O you that love sweet viands, you approve the summons to the satisfying Soma.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Paura may be a propername; you approve the summons to (the house of) Paura

Being sped like a steed, he [=Indra] streams to our soma, good at the ceremony,
which our greetings sweeten for you, self-giving one. At Paura’s you
take pleasure in the invocation.

Yet another type of variation, whereby the poet plays on distinct but phonologically or semantically similar words. In 49a ā́na stómam / 50a ā́naḥ sóme the common play on sóma- and stóma- is found. In 49b (d)hyānó áśvo ná / 50b iyānó ’tyo ná the phrases are identical in sense and in morphology (medial athematic participle, a-stem nom. sg.) but use two different lexical realizations for both. In 49c yáṃ te svadhāvan svadáyanti / 50c yáṃ te svadāvan svádanti the clauses are identically constructed, the verbs are identical and have identical meanings, though one is a Class I stem, the other an -áya-transitive, and the vocatives are lexically distinct, though rhyming and identically formed. Finally, both d pādas contain a locative indicating the person(s) at whose sacrifice Indra is.

Zu unserem opferrechten Soma sprengt er eilends her wie ein Roß, den dir, du von selbst Gebender, die Lobreden versüßen. Du heißest die Ladung zu Paura gut.

Zu unserm schönen Soma eilt er wie ein rascher Renner hin; Den dir die Lieder süss gemacht, der Süss du liebst, beim Paura hörst du gern den Ruf.

Он рвется вперед, устремившись, словно конь,
К нашему соме, (выжатому) на прекрасном обряде,
(Тот,) кого хвалы делают вкусным для тебя, о дарящий - сам по себе.
Тебе нравится приглашение к Пауре.

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• निचृद्बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

प्र᳓ वीर᳓म् उग्रं᳓ वि᳓विचिं धनस्पृ᳓तं
वि᳓भूतिं रा᳓धसो महः᳓
उद्री᳓व वज्रिन्न् अवतो᳓ वसुत्वना᳓
स᳓दा पीपेथ दाशु᳓षे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
dhanaspŕ̥tam ← dhanaspŕ̥t- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)

ugrám ← ugrá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vīrám ← vīrá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

vívicim ← vívici- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

maháḥ ← máh- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, number:SG}

rā́dhasaḥ ← rā́dhas- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

víbhūtim ← víbhūti- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

avatáḥ ← avatá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iva ← iva (invariable)

udrī́ ← udrín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vajrin ← vajrín- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

vasutvanā́ ← vasutvaná- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

dāśúṣe ← dāśváṁs- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

pīpetha ← √pī- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

sádā ← sádā (invariable)

प्र । वी॒रम् । उ॒ग्रम् । विवि॑चिम् । ध॒न॒ऽस्पृत॑म् । विऽभू॑तिम् । राध॑सः । म॒हः ।
उ॒द्रीऽइ॑व । व॒ज्रि॒न् । अ॒व॒तः । व॒सु॒ऽत्व॒ना । सदा॑ । पी॒पे॒थ॒ । दा॒शुषे॑ ॥

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• vīram ← vīra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”

• ugraṃ ← ugram ← ugra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”

• viviciṃ ← vivicim ← vivici
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine

• dhanaspṛtaṃ ← dhana
• [noun], neuter
• “wealth; property; money; treasure; prize; dhana [word]; valuable; dhan; capital; fight.”

• dhanaspṛtaṃ ← spṛtam ← spṛt
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “victorious; protecting.”

• vibhūtiṃ ← vibhūtim ← vibhūti
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “plentiful.”

• rādhaso ← rādhasaḥ ← rādhas
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”

• mahaḥ ← mah
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

• udrīva ← udrī ← udrin
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “filled with water.”

• udrīva ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• vajrinn ← vajrin
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; vajra; Euphorbia neriifolia L.; abhra; Buddha.”

• avato ← avataḥ ← avata
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “well.”

• vasutvanā ← vasutvana
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “wealth.”

• sadā
• [adverb]
• “always; continually; always; perpetually.”

• pīpetha ← pyā
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “swell; abound; swell.”

• dāśuṣe ← dāś
• [verb noun], dative, singular
• “sacrifice; give.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“Praise the mighty hero, wide-grasping, spoil-harrying, who has control over vast treasure; you, Othunderer ever pour forth wealth to the worshipper like an abundan fountain.”

(Chant) forth to the powerful hero, the discriminating one who gains the stakes, the distinguished one of great generosity.
Like a wellspring full of water, mace-bearer, you always swell goods for the pious man.

The two versions are closer together than the last few verses: 49a ugráṃ ná vīrám / 50a prá vīrám ugrám / b: víbhūtim / c: udrī́va vajrinn avató. In addition 49b has -vasum and 50c vasutvanā́, and 49d is almost identical to 50.4b.

I supply árcā on the basis of prá and vs. 1, but any verb of praising or the like will do.

Den gewaltigen, wählerischen Helden, den Schätzgewinner, der großer Gabe mächtig ist, lobe ich. Wie ein wasserreicher Brunnen quollst du immer für den Opferspender von Freigebigkeit, o Keulenträger.

Den Helden preist, der viel umfasst und Beute macht, der über grossen Schatz verfügt; Stets strömst von Gut du wie ein wasserreicher Quell, für den Verehrer, Blitzes Herr!

(Я) про(славляю) грозного мужа, разборчивого, захватывающего богатства,
Могучего от великого дарения.
Словно богатый водой колодец, о громовержец, от полноты добра
Ты всегда набухаешь для почитающего (тебя).

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• पङ्क्तिः
• पञ्चमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

य᳓द् ध नून᳓म् पराव᳓ति
य᳓द् वा पृथिवियां᳓ दिवि᳓
युजान᳓ इन्द्र ह᳓रिभिर् महेमत
ऋष्व᳓ ऋष्वे᳓भिर् आ᳓ गहि

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
ha ← ha (invariable)

nūnám ← nūnám (invariable)

parāváti ← parāvát- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:SG}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

diví ← dyú- ~ div- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

pr̥thivyā́m ← pr̥thivī́- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:SG}

vā ← vā (invariable)

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

háribhiḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

mahemate ← mahemati- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yujānáḥ ← √yuj- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

gahi ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

r̥ṣváḥ ← r̥ṣvá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

r̥ṣvébhiḥ ← r̥ṣvá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

यत् । ह॒ । नू॒नम् । प॒रा॒ऽवति॑ । यत् । वा॒ । पृ॒थि॒व्याम् । दि॒वि ।
यु॒जा॒नः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । हरि॑ऽभिः । म॒हे॒ऽम॒ते॒ । ऋ॒ष्वः । ऋ॒ष्वेभिः॑ । आ । ग॒हि॒ ॥

• yaddha ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• yaddha ← ha
• [adverb]
• “indeed; ha [word].”

• nūnam
• [adverb]
• “now; surely; immediately; just.”

• parāvati ← parāvat
• [noun], locative, singular, feminine
• “distance; distance; distance.”

• yad ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• vā
• [adverb]
• “or; optionally; either.”

• pṛthivyāṃ ← pṛthivyām ← pṛthivī
• [noun], locative, singular, feminine
• “Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

• divi ← div
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

• yujāna ← yujānaḥ ← yuj
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”

• indra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• haribhir ← haribhiḥ ← hari
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

• mahemata ← mahemate ← mahemati
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine

• ṛṣva ← ṛṣvaḥ ← ṛṣva
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “distinguished; high; noble; enormous.”

• ṛṣvebhir ← ṛṣvebhiḥ ← ṛṣva
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “distinguished; high; noble; enormous.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• gahi ← gam
• [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“Whether you are in the far distance or in the earth or in heaven, O Indra, god of lofty counsel, yoke yoursteeds, come here, lofty one, with the lofty.”

Whether now (you are) at a distance either on earth or in heaven, hitching up with your fallow bays, o Indra of great thought, come here, lofty with your lofty (horses)—

The somewhat awkward tripling of yád in 49.7 is avoided here with a simple yád … yád vā, but the two versions still echo each other exactly: yád dha nūnám … (a) / yád vā prthivy ̥ ā́m … (b), as also in c mahemata. The d pādas are identically structured, but lexically distinct: nom. sg. + instr. pl. (to same stem) ā́ gahi.

Wenn du jetzt in der Ferne oder auf der Erde oder im Himmel bist, so schirre, hochherziger Indra, mit den Falben den Wagen und komm überragend mit den Überragenden her!

Wenn jetzt du in der Ferne weilst, im Himmel, auf der Erde hier, So spann, hochherz’ger Indra, deine Rosse an, komm, hoher, mit den hohen her.

Если ты сейчас вдалеке,
Или если на земле (или) на небе,
(То) запрягши буланых коней, о Индра великодушный,
Огромный приезжай на огромных (конях),

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• निचृद्बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

रथिरा᳓सो ह᳓रयो ये᳓ ते अस्रि᳓ध
ओ᳓जो वा᳓तस्य पि᳓प्रति
ये᳓भिर् नि᳓ द᳓स्युम् म᳓नुषो निघो᳓षयो
ये᳓भिः सु᳓वः परी᳓यसे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
asrídhaḥ ← asrídh- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

hárayaḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

rathirā́saḥ ← rathirá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

yé ← yá- (pronoun)

ójaḥ ← ójas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

píprati ← √pr̥- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

vā́tasya ← vā́ta- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

dásyum ← dásyu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

mánuṣaḥ ← mánus- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

ní ← ní (invariable)

nighóṣayaḥ ← √ghuṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

yébhiḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

parī́yase ← √i- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

svàr ← svàr- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

yébhiḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

र॒थि॒रासः॑ । हर॑यः । ये । ते॒ । अ॒स्रिधः॑ । ओजः॑ । वात॑स्य । पिप्र॑ति ।
येभिः॑ । नि । दस्यु॑म् । मनु॑षः । नि॒ऽघोष॑यः । येभिः॑ । स्व१॒॑रिति॑ स्वः॑ । प॒रि॒ऽईय॑से ॥

• rathirāso ← rathirāsaḥ ← rathira
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• harayo ← harayaḥ ← hari
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

• ye ← yad
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• asridha ← asridhaḥ ← asridh
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “unfailing.”

• ojo ← ojaḥ ← ojas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”

• vātasya ← vāta
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “vāta; wind; fart; Vayu; air; draft; vāta [word]; Vāta; rheumatism; Marut.”

• piprati ← pṛ
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “protect; promote; rescue; help.”

• yebhir ← yebhiḥ ← yad
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• ni
• [adverb]
• “back; down.”

• dasyum ← dasyu
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “savage; outcast; mugger.”

• manuṣo ← manuṣaḥ ← manus
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “Manu; man.”

• nighoṣayo ← nighoṣayaḥ ← nighoṣay ← √ghuṣ
• [verb], singular, Present injunctive

• yebhiḥ ← yad
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• svaḥ ← svar
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “sun; sky; sunlight.”

• parīyase ← parī ← √i
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “circumambulate; wander; revolve; overwhelm.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“Your harmless steeds which draw your chariot, which surpass the strength of the wind, with which yousilence the enemy of man and with which you go round the sky.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Or, of Manus, dasyum manuṣaḥ

Fit for the chariot are your fallow bays, which, unfailing, cross over the power of the wind,
with which you made the Dasyu heed because of Manu, with which you speed around the sun.

The versions pattern closely together despite variant semantics: (aj)irā́so / (rath)irā́so hárayo yé te … (a); vā́tā… /…vā́tasya … (b); yébhir … mánuṣaḥ (c); yébhiḥ (…) svàr … (d).

The poor transmission of the Vālakhilya is probably responsible for the faulty accent of nighóṣayaḥ (for *nighoṣáyaḥ)(so Oldenberg). There is also unnecessary doubling of the preverb ní (which does not affect the meter, however).

Deine falben Wagenpferde, die ohne Unfall zu erleiden des Windes Kraft überholen, mit denen du den Dasyu vor Manu zum Schweigen brachtest, mit denen du die Sonne einholest.

Die holden Rosse, welche deinen Wagen ziehn, sind schneller als des Windes. Wehn, – Mit denen du des Menschen Feind zu Boden wirfst, und rings den Aetherraum durchfährst.

(На тех) везущих колесницу буланых конях, которые безошибочно
Превосходят силу штормового ветра,
С помощью которых ты с грохотом разбил дасью перед лицом Мануса,
На которых ты догоняешь солнце.

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• निचृत्पङ्क्ति
• पञ्चमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - बृहती

एता᳓वतस् ते वसो
विद्या᳓म शूर न᳓व्यसः
य᳓था प्रा᳓व ए᳓तशं कृ᳓त्विये ध᳓ने
य᳓था व᳓शं द᳓शव्रजे

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya;; repeated line
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
etā́vataḥ ← etā́vant- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

vaso ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

návyasaḥ ← návyas- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

śūra ← śū́ra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

vidyā́ma ← √vid- 2 (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:OPT, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

ā́vaḥ ← √avⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}

dháne ← dhána- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

étaśam ← étaśa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

kŕ̥tvye ← kŕ̥tvya- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)

dáśavraje ← dáśavraja- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

váśam ← váśa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)

ए॒ताव॑तः । ते॒ । व॒सो॒ इति॑ । वि॒द्याम॑ । शू॒र॒ । नव्य॑सः ।
यथा॑ । प्र॒ऽआवः॑ । एत॑शम् । कृत्व्ये॑ । धने॑ । यथा॑ । वश॑म् । दश॑ऽव्रजे ॥

• etāvatas ← etāvataḥ ← etāvat
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “such(a); such(a).”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• vaso ← vasu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “good; good; benign; vasu [word].”

• vidyāma ← vid
• [verb], plural, Present optative
• “know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

• śūra
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”

• navyasaḥ ← navyas
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “new.”

• yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• prāva ← prāvaḥ ← prāv ← √av
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “help; promote.”

• etaśaṃ ← etaśam ← etaśa
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Etaśa; horse.”

• kṛtvye ← kṛtvya
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “confident.”

• dhane ← dhana
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “wealth; property; money; treasure; prize; dhana [word]; valuable; dhan; capital; fight.”

• yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• vaśaṃ ← vaśam ← vaśa
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “control; dominion; influence; power; Vaśa; vaśa [word]; will; authority; control; wish; supervision.”

• daśavraje ← daśavraja
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“May we once more know you as such, O gracious hero, as when you did aid Etaśa in the decisivebattle, or Vaśa against Daśavraja.”

Might we know such help of yours anew, o champion,
as when you helped Etaśa when the stake was to be decided, as (you helped) Vaśa at Daśavraja’s.

Read, with Grassmann and Oldenberg, *ávaso (that is, te ‘vaso), which also repairs the meter. The corresponding verses are structured identically, with etā́vataḥ opening the first hemistich and its rhetorical partner yáthā opening the two pādas of the second hemistich. In each verse we seek the same thing for ourselves that Indra provided to two clients, named in the second hemistich. There is also some matching phraseology: etā́vatas te (a), yáthā prā́vo (c), yáthā (d), as well as dháne in 49d and 50c.

Wir möchten so großen Beistand von dir, du Guter, aufs neue erfahren, o Held, wie du dem Etasa beigestanden hast um den ausstehenden Preis, wie dem Vasa bei Dasavraja.

Als einen solchen zeige dich aufs Neue uns, o guter Held, Wie im Entscheidungskampf dem Etaça du halfst dem Vaça beim Daçavradscha.

Столь великую (милость) твою, о Васу,
Мы хотим, о герой, познать снова,
Как (та, что) ты помог Эташе в решающей ставке,
Как (та, что) - Ваше у Дашавраджи.

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• विराड्बृहती
• मध्यमः

• देवता - इन्द्रः
• ऋषिः - पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• छन्दः - सतो बृहती

य᳓था क᳓ण्वे मघवन् मे᳓धे अध्वरे᳓
दीर्घ᳓नीथे द᳓मूनसि
य᳓था गो᳓शर्ये अ᳓सिषासो अद्रिवो
म᳓यि गोत्रं᳓ हरिश्रि᳓यम्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya
genre M;; Vālakhilya

Morph
adhvaré ← adhvará- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

káṇve ← káṇva- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

maghavan ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

médhe ← médha- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)

dámūnasi ← dámūnas- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

dīrghánīthe ← dīrghánītha- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

adrivaḥ ← adrivant- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ásiṣāsaḥ ← √sanⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT, mood:DES}

góśarye ← góśarya- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)

gotrám ← gotrá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

hariśríyam ← hariśrī́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

máyi ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:LOC, number:SG}

यथा॑ । कण्वे॑ । म॒घ॒ऽव॒न् । मेधे॑ । अ॒ध्व॒रे । दी॒र्घऽनी॑थे । दमू॑नसि ।
यथा॑ । गोऽश॑र्ये । असि॑सासः । अ॒द्रि॒ऽवः॒ । मयि॑ । गो॒त्रम् । ह॒रि॒ऽश्रिय॑म् ॥

• yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• kaṇve ← kaṇva
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “Kaṇva; Kaṇva; kaṇva [word].”

• maghavan
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Indra; maghavan [word].”

• medhe ← medha
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “yajña; juice.”

• adhvare ← adhvara
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “yajña; ceremony; adhvara [word].”

• dīrghanīthe ← dīrghanītha
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine

• damūnasi ← damūnas
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine
• “master.”

• yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• gośarye ← gośarya
• [noun], locative, singular, masculine

• asiṣāso ← asiṣāsaḥ ← siṣās ← √san
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “win; gain.”

• adrivo ← adrivas ← adrivat
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “rocky; petrous.”

• mayi ← mad
• [noun], locative, singular
• “I; mine.”

• gotraṃ ← gotram ← gotra
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “Gotra; patronymic; gotra [word]; name; family; family; kin; Gotra; mountain; herd; cow pen; cowbarn.”

• hariśriyam ← hari
• [noun], masculine
• “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”

• hariśriyam ← śriyam ← śrī
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “mister; Ms.; Lakshmi; good fortune; well-being; magnificence; glory; beauty; Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa; dignity; power; śrī [word]; śrī; prosperity; auspiciousness.”

Sayana bhashya empty

English translation:

“As you were willing to give, O Maghavan, to Kaṇva in the sacrificial feast, or to Dīrghanītha thefriend of the house, as you were willing to give, O slinger, to Gośarya, so give to me a herd of kine shining likegold.”

Just as at Kaṇva’s, o bounteous one, at the ritual offering, at the ceremony, beside (Agni), the domestic leader of long counsel,
just as at Gośarya’s you sought winnings, you possessor of the stone, at my side (win) a cowpen splendid with fallow bays.

Again the two versions are almost entirely parallel, with named examples of the beneficiaries of Indra’s bounty given in yáthā clauses, including some with very close similarities in wording: yáthā káṇve maghavan LOC LOC… (a) / yáthā góśarye √SAN … (C) / d: gómad dhíraṇya- (49d) / gotrám hari- (50d).

I differ from Geldner in my interpretation of pāda b. He takes dīrghánīthe dámūnasi as another PN (so also Mayrhofer, PN, for the first but not the second), and I admit that parallelism with 49b, which contains a PN, is in his favor. However, here there is no yáthā marking the pāda as a different segment, and furthermore dámūnas- ‘domestic leader, master of the house’ is never otherwise used of mortals, but almost always characterizes Agni. Since dīrghánīti- is perfectly understandable in its literal meaning, I take this pāda as referring to Agni and as parallel to the locatives in pāda a indicating the sacrifice.

Wie du für Kanva, o Freigebiger, bei Opfer und Gottesdienst, für Dirghanitha, den Hausherrn, wie du für Gosarya, du Herr des Preßsteins, den Preis zu gewinnen trachtetest, so gewinne für mich die Rinderherde, die durch falbe Rosse verschönert wird!

Wie, mächtiger, dem Kanva du beim Opfermahl, dem Hausfreund Dīrghanītha du, Wie, Schleuderer, da dem Goçarja spendetest, so gib mir goldgeschmückten Stall.

Как Канве, о щедрый, на жертвоприношении (и) обряде,
Диргханитхе - домохозяину,
Как Гошарье ты хотел добыть (подарок), о хозяин давильных камней,
(Так) мне (подари) загон с коровами, украшение которого - буланые кони!

• इन्द्र:
• पुष्टिगुः काण्वः
• पङ्क्तिः
• पञ्चमः