०३८

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

यज्ञ᳓स्य हि᳓ स्थ᳓ ऋत्वि᳓जा
स᳓स्नी वा᳓जेषु क᳓र्मसु
इ᳓न्द्राग्नी त᳓स्य बोधतम्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
hí ← hí (invariable)

r̥tvíjā ← r̥tvíj- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

stháḥ ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

yajñásya ← yajñá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

kármasu ← kárman- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}

sásnī ← sásni- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

vā́jeṣu ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}

bodhatam ← √budh- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

índrāgnī ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

tásya ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

य॒ज्ञस्य॑ । हि । स्थः । ऋ॒त्विजा॑ । सस्नी॒ इति॑ । वाजे॑षु । कर्म॑ऽसु ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । तस्य॑ । बो॒ध॒त॒म् ॥

• yajñasya ← yajña
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

• hi
• [adverb]
• “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

• stha ← sthaḥ ← as
• [verb], dual, Present indikative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• ṛtvijā ← ṛtvij
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
• “ṛtvij; ṛtvij [word].”

• sasnī ← sasni
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
• “victorious.”

• vājeṣu ← vāja
• [noun], locative, plural, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• karmasu ← karman
• [noun], locative, plural, neuter
• “action; saṃskāra; ritual; procedure; karman; treatment; object; function; production; job; operation; karman [word]; act; job; passive voice; activity; consequence; function; yajña; pañcakarman; cooking; occupation; profession; construction; duty; method; natural process; duty; therapy.”

• indrāgnī ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnī ← agnī ← agni
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• tasya ← tad
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• bodhatam ← budh
• [verb], dual, Present imperative
• “understand; notice; wake up; observe; detect; attend to; awaken; attend.”

हे इन्द्राग्नी सस्नी शुद्धौ युवां यज्ञस्य ऋत्विजा ऋत्विजौ स्थः भवथः हि। वाजेषु युद्धेषु कर्मसु चोपतिष्ठन्ताविन्द्राग्नी तस्य तं मां तस्य मम स्तुतिं वा बोधतं जानीतम् ॥

English translation:

“Indra and Agni, you are the pure ministrants, (encouragers) in offerings and sacred rites– hear (thepraise) of this (your worshipper).”

Because you two are regular offerers of the sacrifice, winners in
prize-contests and in (cultic/heroic) acts,
– Indra and Agni, take note of this. ᳓

य॒ज्ञस्य॒ हि स्थ ऋ॒त्विजा॒ सस्नी॒ वाजे॑षु॒ कर्म॑सु ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ तस्य॑ बोधतम् ॥

Ihr beide seid ja des Opfers Priester, bei Siegespreisen, bei heiligen Handlungen die Gewinner. Indra und Agni, seid dessen eingedenk!

Ihr seid des Opfers Priester ja, in Schlacht und Opfer spendereich, O Indra-Agni, achtet drauf.

Ведь вы двое – жрецы жертвоприношения,
Добывающие награду в состязаниях (и) при обрядах.
О Индра-Агни, помните об этом!

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

तोशा᳓सा रथया᳓वाना
वृत्रह᳓णा᳓पराजिता
इ᳓न्द्राग्नी त᳓स्य बोधतम्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
rathayā́vānā ← rathayā́van- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

tośā́sā ← tośás- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

áparājitā ← áparājita- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

vr̥traháṇā ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}

bodhatam ← √budh- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

índrāgnī ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

tásya ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

तो॒शासा॑ । र॒थ॒ऽयावा॑ना । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहना॑ । अप॑राऽजिता ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । तस्य॑ । बो॒ध॒त॒म् ॥

• tośāsā ← tośasā ← tośas
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine

• rathayāvānā ← ratha
• [noun], masculine
• “chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

• rathayāvānā ← yāvānā ← yāvan
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
• “traveler.”

• vṛtrahaṇāparājitā ← vṛtra
• [noun], masculine
• “Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”

• vṛtrahaṇāparājitā ← haṇā ← han
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
• “killing; curative; destroying; removing; māraka; stabbing.”

• vṛtrahaṇāparājitā ← aparājitā ← aparājita
• [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
• “unbeaten; unexcelled.”

• indrāgnī ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnī ← agnī ← agni
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• tasya ← tad
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• bodhatam ← budh
• [verb], dual, Present imperative
• “understand; notice; wake up; observe; detect; attend to; awaken; attend.”

हे इन्द्राग्नी तोशासा शत्रून् हिंसन्तौ रथयावाना रथेन गच्छन्तौ वृत्रहणा वृत्रस्य हन्तारौ अपराजिता केनाप्यपराजितौ तस्य तं मां बोधतम् ॥

English translation:

“Destroyers (of foes), riding in one chariot, slayers of Vṛtra, invincible; hear, Indra and Agni, (the praise)of this (your worshipper).”

Streaming, driving on the same chariot, Vr̥tra-smashing, invincible— – Indra and Agni, take note of this.

I adopt Brugmann’s suggestion (presented and generally endorsed by Oldenberg, also Scarlatta 417-18) to read tośā́sarathayā́vānā for tośā́sā ratha… Scarlatta assembles an impressive number of passages involving sarátham/saráthā and √yā, incl. I.108.1 dedicated to Indra and Agni. The suggestion has the merit of eliminating the supposed s-stem tośás- with its apparent anomalous uṣás-like inflection with lengthened grade in the strong form tośā́saḥ. The dual to the thematic tośá-, tośā́ exactly as here, is found in an Indra and Agni hymn III.12.4. The change does require going against the Pp. and also emending sā to sa. The published translation should have an asterisk before “driving on the same chariot.” As for tośá-, Gotō discusses it at length (166-68), rejecting the old gloss as ‘drip’ in favor of ‘hasten’; his redefinition is accepted by Mayrhofer (EWA s.v. TOŚ, replacing KEWA’s ‘drip’). Because the anodyne ‘hasten’ can fit almost any verb in the RV (and in fact the old RVicist joke is that, judging from Geldner et sim., all verbs in the RV mean ‘shine’, ‘hasten’, or ‘sing’), there is nothing in the usage of the forms of this root that imposes ‘hasten’ (or excludes it). That Gotō labels his reinterpretation “plausibler” than the older one shows once again a certain deafness to metaphor and a penchant for the semantic lowest common denominator. Moreover, that most of its subjects are liquids supports the old rendering ‘drip’. The only preverb with which it is found is ní ‘down’. Verbs of hastening (etc.) generally take a variety of directional preverbs, of which ní is one of the rarest and most specialized; dripping, on the other hand, goes in only one direction, down. Gotō’s ‘hasten’ gets little or no support from the Iranian evidence he adduces (168 n. 275), which is quite weak and questioned even by him. Although as ‘drip’ √tuś has no good etymology either (see KEWA s.v. tóśate), I see no reason to replace it with ‘hasten’ without better evidence. In our passage ‘streaming’ probably reflects the same metaphor in English for speed. Or, like nitóśana- in VIII.25.23, it could mean ‘overflowing’ (with goods) and refer to the anticipated generosity of the gods.

Ye bounteous riders on the car, ye Vrtra-slayers unsubdued:
Indra and Agni, mark this well.

In die Flucht sprengend, zu Wagen fahrend, unbesiegte Vritratöter seid ihr. Indra und Agni, seid dessen eingedenk!

Ihr Spender, wagenfahrende, ihr Vritratödter unbesiegt, O Indra-Agni achtet drauf.

(Вы) двое – щедро жертвующие, ездящие на колеснице,
Непобедимые убийцы врагов.
О Индра-Агни, помните об этом!

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इदं᳓ वाम् मदिर᳓म् म᳓धु
अ᳓धुक्षन्न् अ᳓द्रिभिर् न᳓रः
इ᳓न्द्राग्नी त᳓स्य बोधतम्

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
idám ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

mádhu ← mádhu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

madirám ← madirá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

vām ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:DU}

ádhukṣan ← √duh- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

ádribhiḥ ← ádri- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

náraḥ ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

bodhatam ← √budh- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

índrāgnī ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

tásya ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

इ॒दम् । वा॒म् । म॒दि॒रम् । मधु॑ । अधु॑क्षन् । अद्रि॑ऽभिः । नरः॑ ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । तस्य॑ । बो॒ध॒त॒म् ॥

• idaṃ ← idam
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• vām ← tvad
• [noun], dative, dual
• “you.”

• madiram ← madira
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “intoxicant.”

• madhv ← madhu
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

• adhukṣann ← adhukṣan ← duh
• [verb], plural, sa aorist (Ind.)
• “milk.”

• adribhir ← adribhiḥ ← adri
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”

• naraḥ ← nṛ
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

• indrāgnī ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnī ← agnī ← agni
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• tasya ← tad
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• bodhatam ← budh
• [verb], dual, Present imperative
• “understand; notice; wake up; observe; detect; attend to; awaken; attend.”

हे इन्द्राग्नी वां युवामुद्दिश्य नरः यज्ञस्य नेतारः अद्रिभिः ग्रावभिः मदिरं मदकरं मधु सोमात्मकममृतम् अधुक्षन् अपूरयन् । सिद्धमन्यत् ॥

English translation:

“The leaders of rites have effused by the stones this sweet exhilarating (Soma) for you; hear, Indra andAgni, (the praise) of this (your worshipper).”

Here is the exhilarating honey for you two—the men have milked it out with stones.
– Indra and Agni, take note of this.

Pāda a can of course be in the acc. (not nom. as I take it) and form a single sentence with b (so Geldner). There are no implications either way, but I prefer to take fronted forms of ayám as annunciatory (“here is …”) if at all possible. However, given initial imā́(5a) and imā́m (6a), which can’t be so tr., this is not a strong arg.

The men with pressing-stones have pressed this meath of yours which gives delight:
Indra, and Agni, mark this well.

Diesen berauschenden Süßtrank haben die Männer mit Steinen für euch ausgemolken. Indra und Agni, seid dessen eingedenk!

Die Männer melkten diesen Meth, der euch berauscht, mit Steinen aus, O Indra-Agni, achtet drauf.

Этот пьянящий мед для вас двоих
Мужи выдоили камнями.
О Индра-Агни, помните об этом!

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

जुषे᳓थां यज्ञ᳓म् इष्ट᳓ये
सुतं᳓ सो᳓मं सधस्तुती
इ᳓न्द्राग्नी आ᳓ गतं नरा

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
iṣṭáye ← iṣṭí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

juṣéthām ← √juṣ- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

yajñám ← yajñá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sadhastutī ← sadhástuti- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:F, number:DU}

sómam ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

sutám ← √su- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

gatam ← √gam- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

índrāgnī ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

narā ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

जु॒षेथा॑म् । य॒ज्ञम् । इ॒ष्टये॑ । सु॒तम् । सोम॑म् । स॒ध॒स्तु॒ती॒ इति॑ सधऽस्तुती ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । आ । ग॒त॒म् । न॒रा॒ ॥

• juṣethāṃ ← juṣethām ← juṣ
• [verb], dual, Present imperative
• “enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”

• yajñam ← yajña
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

• iṣṭaye ← iṣṭi
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “yajña; offering; brick.”

• sutaṃ ← sutam ← su
• [verb noun], accusative, singular
• “press out; su.”

• somaṃ ← somam ← soma
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• sadhastutī ← sadhastuti
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

• indrāgnī ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnī ← agnī ← agni
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• gataṃ ← gatam ← gam
• [verb], dual, Aorist imperative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

• narā ← nṛ
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

हे सधस्तुती सहभूतस्तुती नरा नेतारौ इन्द्राग्नी यज्ञं जुषेथां सेवेथाम् । इष्टये यागाय सुतम् अभिषुतं सोमं च आ गतम् आगच्छतम् ॥

English translation:

“Associate in praie, accept the sacrifice; leaders of rites, Indra and Agni, come hither to the Somaeffused for this solemnity.”

Enjoy this sacrifice to your liking, (enjoy) the pressed soma, you jointly praised ones.
– Indra and Agni, come here, men.

Accept our sacrifice for weal, sharers of praise! the Soma shed:
Indra and Agni, Heroes, come.

Habt an dem Opfer Wohlgefallen, um gern zu kommen, an dem ausgepreßten Soma, ihr vereint Gepriesene! Indra und Agni kommet her, ihr Herren!

Geniesst das Opfer euch zur Lust, ihr gleich an Ruhm, den Somasaft, O Männer, Indra-Agni, kommt.

Наслаждайтесь жертвой – для усиления,
Выжатым сомой, о вы двое вместе восхваленные!
О Индра-Агни, приезжайте, о два мужа!

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

अब ब्राह्मण और क्षत्रियों के कर्म दिखलाते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्द्राग्नी) हे क्षत्रिय तथा हे ब्राह्मण ! यद्वा हे राजन् तथा हे दूत ! आप दोनों (तस्य+बोधतम्) उस इस बात का पूर्ण रीति से ध्यान रक्खें, जानें, मानें और मनवावें (हि) क्योंकि आप दोनों (यज्ञस्य) सकल शुभकर्मों के (ऋत्विजा+स्थः) सम्पादक ऋत्विक् हैं (सस्नी) शुद्ध हैं और (वाजेषु) युद्ध और ज्ञानसम्बन्धी (कर्मसु) कर्मों में अधिकारी हैं। अतः इस ईश्वरीय बात को सदा ध्यान में रक्खें ॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इन्द्र का कर्म राज्यशासन है, अतः इससे यहाँ क्षत्रिय का ग्रहण है और अग्नि का कर्म यज्ञशासन है, अतः इससे ब्राह्मण का ग्रहण है अथवा राजा और दूत, क्योंकि अग्नि को दूत कहा है। ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय को उचित है कि वे कदापि भी ईश्वरीय आज्ञाओं का तिरस्कार न करें ॥१॥

अथ ब्रह्मक्षत्रकर्माणि निर्दिश्यन्ते।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे इन्द्राग्नी=हे क्षत्रियब्राह्मणौ यद्वा राजदूतौ ! इन्द्रः क्षत्रियोपलक्षको राज्यशासकत्वात्। अग्निर्ब्राह्मणोपलक्षकः कर्मशासकत्वात्। तस्य+बोधतम्=तदेतद्वस्तु। बोधतम्=युवां जानीतम्। हि=यतः। युवं यज्ञस्य। ऋत्विजा=ऋत्विजौ स्थः। पुनः सस्नी=शुद्धौ। पुनः वाजेषु कर्मसु=युद्धसम्बन्धिषु ज्ञानसम्बन्धिषु च कर्मसु। अधिकृतौ स्थः ॥–१॥

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इमा᳓ जुषेथां स᳓वना
ये᳓भिर् हव्या᳓नि ऊह᳓थुः
इ᳓न्द्राग्नी आ᳓ गतं नरा

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
imā́ ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

juṣethām ← √juṣ- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

sávanā ← sávana- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

havyā́ni ← havyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

ūháthuḥ ← √vah- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

yébhiḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

gatam ← √gam- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

índrāgnī ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

narā ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

इ॒मा । जु॒षे॒था॒म् । सव॑ना । येभिः॑ । ह॒व्यानि॑ । ऊ॒हथुः॑ ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । आ । ग॒त॒म् । न॒रा॒ ॥

• imā ← idam
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• juṣethāṃ ← juṣethām ← juṣ
• [verb], dual, Present imperative
• “enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”

• savanā ← savana
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”

• yebhir ← yebhiḥ ← yad
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• havyāny ← havyāni ← havya
• [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
• “Havya; offering; havya [word].”

• ūhathuḥ ← vah
• [verb], dual, Perfect indicative
• “transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”

• indrāgnī ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnī ← agnī ← agni
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• gataṃ ← gatam ← gam
• [verb], dual, Aorist imperative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

• narā ← nṛ
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

हे इन्द्राग्नी नरा नेतारौ युवा येभिः यैः सवनैः हव्यानि ऊहथुः वहथः तानि इमा इमानि सवना सवनानि जुषेथा सेवेथाम् । आ गतं च ॥

English translation:

“Accept these sacrifices whereby you have borne away the oblations; leaders of rites, Indra and Agni,come hither.”

Enjoy these pressings here, because of which you conveyed the
oblations.
– Indra and Agni, come here, men.

Pāda b is somewhat awkward because it states that both Indra and Agni carry oblations. Geldner gets out of the difficulty by making the oblations an acc. of goal with an intransitive reading of ūháthuḥ (“… ihr zu den Opfergaben gefahren sind”), but Oldenberg convinces me (ad I.84.18, with a number of parallel passages) that we cannot sidestep the transitivity in these expressions (√vah + oblation(s)). In this particular case we can attribute the transitive phrase to a feature of Indra and Agni hymns noted in the published introduction, that both gods get credited with actions or qualities appropriate to only one of them, and Agni is of course the conveyor of oblations par excellence.

Be pleased with these libations which attract you to our sacred gifts
Indra and Agni, Heroes, come.

Habt an diesen Trankopfern Wohlgefallen, derentwegen ihr zu den Opfergaben gefahren seid! Indra und Agni kommet her, ihr Herren!

O nehmet diese Spenden an, die euch zum Opfer locken her, O Männer, Indra-Agni, kommt.

Наслаждайтесь этими соками,
Благодаря которым вы приехали к жертвенным дарам!
О Индра-Агни, приезжайте, о два мужа!

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पुनः उसी को कहते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्द्राग्नी+तस्य+बोधतम्) हे क्षत्रिय ! तथा हे ब्राह्मण ! यद्वा हे राजन् ! तथा दूत ! आप दोनों इस बात का पूरा ध्यान रक्खें कि आप दोनों (तोशासा) शत्रुसंहारक (रथयावाना) रथ पर चलनेवाले (वृत्रहणौ) निखिल विघ्नविनाशक और (अपराजिता) अपराजित=अन्यों से अजेय हैं ॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जिस हेतु ब्राह्मण और क्षत्रिय दोनों प्रत्येक प्रकार के विघ्नों के शमन करनेवाले हैं, अतः वे कभी न अपना अधिकार भूलें और न उससे प्रमाद करें ॥२॥

पुनस्तदेवाह।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे इन्द्राग्नी=क्षत्रियब्राह्मणौ राजदूतौ वा। तस्य बोधतम्=तदेतज्जानीतम्। युवाम्। तोशासा=शत्रूणां हिंसकौ। पुनः रथयावाना=रथेन गन्तारौ। वृत्रहणौ=विघ्नविनाशकौ। अपराजिता=अपराजितौ ॥२॥

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

इमां᳓ गायत्र᳓वर्तनिं
जुषे᳓थां सुष्टुति᳓म् म᳓म
इ᳓न्द्राग्नी आ᳓ गतं नरा

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
gāyatrávartanim ← gāyatrávartani- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

imā́m ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

juṣéthām ← √juṣ- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

máma ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:SG}

suṣṭutím ← suṣṭutí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

gatam ← √gam- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

índrāgnī ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

narā ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

इ॒माम् । गा॒य॒त्रऽव॑र्तनिम् । जु॒षेथा॑म् । सु॒ऽस्तु॒तिम् । मम॑ ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । आ । ग॒त॒म् । न॒रा॒ ॥

• imāṃ ← imām ← idam
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• gāyatravartaniṃ ← gāyatra
• [noun], neuter
• “Gāyatrī; Gāyatra.”

• gāyatravartaniṃ ← vartanim ← vartani
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “path; East; way.”

• juṣethāṃ ← juṣethām ← juṣ
• [verb], dual, Present imperative
• “enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”

• suṣṭutim ← suṣṭuti
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “hymn; praise.”

• mama ← mad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “I; mine.”

• indrāgnī ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnī ← agnī ← agni
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• gataṃ ← gatam ← gam
• [verb], dual, Aorist imperative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

• narā ← nṛ
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

हे इन्द्राग्नी नरौ युवां मम गायत्रवर्तनिं गायत्रमार्गाम् इमां सुष्टुतिं शोभनां स्तुतिं जुषेथां सेवेथाम् । आ गतं च ॥ ॥ २० ॥

English translation:

“Accept this my earnest praise, following the path of the gāyatrī; leaders of rites, Indra and Agni, comehere.”

This “turn” of song enjoy, my lovely praise.
– Indra and Agni, come here, men.

Both Geldner and Renou take gāyatrá- as a technical reference to the Gāyatrī meter and poems composed in it (also vs. 10); this is possible, but the stem is often used just of a song.

Accept this eulogy of mine whose model is the Gayatri:
Indra and Agni, Heroes, Come.

Habt an diesem Lobliede von mir Wohlgefallen, das in der Bahn des Gayatrimaßes geht! Indra und Agni kommet her, ihr Herren!

Nehmt dies mein Lob in Gnaden an, das sich in Liedes Mass bewegt, O Männer, Indra-Agni, kommt.

Этой движущейся в русле гаятри
Прекрасной хвалой моей наслаждайтесь!
О Индра-Агни, приезжайте, о два мужа!

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पुनः उसी को कहते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्द्राग्नी) हे क्षत्रिय तथा ब्राह्मण यद्वा हे राजन् तथा हे दूत ! (तस्य+बोधतम्) उस विष को अच्छे प्रकार आज जानें कि (वाम्) आप लोगों के लिये (नरः) ये प्रजाजन (अद्रिभिः) पर्वतसमान परिश्रमों से (मदिरम्) आनन्दप्रद (इदम्+मधु) इस कृषिकर्मादि द्वारा मधुर-२ वस्तु (अधुक्षन्) पैदा कर रहे हैं ॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - ब्राह्मण और क्षत्रिय को प्रसन्न और सुखी रखने के लिये ये प्रजाजन अति परिश्रम से नाना वस्तु पैदा कर रहे हैं, यह बात इन्हें भूलना न चाहिये, किन्तु स्मरण रख सबकी रक्षा में ये प्रवृत्त रहें ॥३॥

पुनस्तदेवाह।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - नरः=इतरे जनाः। वाम्=युवयोर्निमित्तम्। अद्रिभिः= पर्वतसदृशैः परिश्रमैः। मदिरम्=मदकरमानन्दप्रदम्। इदं मधु=इदं क्षीरादिमधुरं वस्तु। अधुक्षन्=दुहति। हे इन्द्राग्नी तस्य बोधतम् ॥३॥

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प्रातर्या᳓वभिर् आ᳓ गतं
देवे᳓भिर् जेनियावसू
इ᳓न्द्राग्नी सो᳓मपीतये

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

gatam ← √gam- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

prātaryā́vabhiḥ ← prātaryā́van- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

devébhiḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

jenyāvasū ← jenyāvasu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

índrāgnī ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

sómapītaye ← sómapīti- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

प्रा॒त॒र्याव॑ऽभिः । आ । ग॒त॒म् । दे॒वेभिः॑ । जे॒न्या॒व॒सू॒ इति॑ ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । सोम॑ऽपीतये ॥

• prātaryāvabhir ← prātaryāvabhiḥ ← prātaryāvan
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• gataṃ ← gatam ← gam
• [verb], dual, Aorist imperative
• “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

• devebhir ← devebhiḥ ← deva
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• jenyāvasū ← jenyāvasu
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine

• indrāgnī ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnī ← agnī ← agni
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• somapītaye ← soma
• [noun], masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• somapītaye ← pītaye ← pīti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “drinking; haritāla.”

हे जेन्यावसू जेतव्यशत्रुधनौ इन्द्राग्नी प्रातर्यावभिः देवैः सह सोमपीतये सोमस्य पानाय आ गतम् आगच्छतम् ॥

English translation:

“Rich with the spoils of victory, come, Indra and Agni, to drink of the Soma, with the deities astir in themorning.”

Along with the early-traveling gods come here, you two of noble goods, – Indra and Agni, for soma-drinking.

On jenya- see comm. ad I.128.7.

Come with the early-faring Gods, ye who are Lords of genuine wealth:
Indra-Agni, to the Soma-draught

Kommet mit den frühausfahrenden Göttern, die ihr angestammtes Gut besitzet, Indra und Agni, um Soma zu trinken.

Mit Göttern, die am Morgen gehn, kommt her, o reichbegüterte, Den Soma, Indra-Agni, trinkt.

Приезжайте вместе с рановыезжающими
Богами, о вы двое, у кого есть унаследованное добро,
О Индра-Агни, для питья сомы!

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पुनः उसी विषय को कहते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सधस्तुती) हे प्रजाओं के साथ स्तवनीय (नरा) हे प्रजाओं के नायक (इन्द्राग्नी) क्षत्रिय ! तथा ब्राह्मण यद्वा राजा और दूत, आप दोनों (यज्ञम्+जुषेथाम्) हम लोगों के शुभकर्म के रक्षा द्वारा सेवें और (इष्टये) यज्ञ के लिये (सुतम्+सोमम्) सम्पादित सोमरस को पीने के लिये यहाँ (आ+गतम्) आवें ॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - राजा और ब्राह्मण या राजा और दूत, दोनों मिलकर यज्ञ की रक्षा करें ॥४॥

पुनस्तदेवाह।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे सधस्तुती ! हे प्रजाभिः सहस्तवनीयौ ! हे नरा=नरौ नेतारौ। हे इन्द्राग्नी। युवां। यज्ञम्। जुषेथाम्=सेवेथाम्। इष्टये=यागाय च। सुतं=सम्पादितम्। सोमं पातुम्। आगतम्=आगच्छतम् ॥४॥

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

श्यावा᳓शुवस्य सुन्वतो᳓
अ᳓त्रीणां शृणुतं ह᳓वम्
इ᳓न्द्राग्नी सो᳓मपीतये

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
sunvatáḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

śyāvā́śvasya ← śyāvā́śva- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

átrīṇām ← átri- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}

hávam ← háva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śr̥ṇutam ← √śru- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

índrāgnī ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

sómapītaye ← sómapīti- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

श्या॒वऽअ॑श्वस्य । सु॒न्व॒तः । अत्री॑णाम् । शृ॒णु॒त॒म् । हव॑म् ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । सोम॑ऽपीतये ॥

• śyāvāśvasya ← śyāvāśva
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “Śyāvāśva.”

• sunvato ← sunvataḥ ← su
• [verb noun], genitive, singular
• “press out; su.”

• ’trīṇāṃ ← atrīṇām ← atri
• [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
• “Atri; Atri; atri [word].”

• śṛṇutaṃ ← śṛṇutam ← śru
• [verb], dual, Present imperative
• “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

• havam ← hava
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “invocation.”

• indrāgnī ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnī ← agnī ← agni
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• somapītaye ← soma
• [noun], masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• somapītaye ← pītaye ← pīti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “drinking; haritāla.”

हे इन्द्राग्नी युवां सुन्वतः सोमाभिषवं कुर्वतो यजमानस्य श्यावाश्वस्य मम अत्रीणाम् ऋत्विजां हवम् आह्वानं सोमस्य पानाय शृणुतम् ॥

English translation:

“Hear the invocation, Indra and Agni, of Śyāvāśva pouring out the effused Soma, (and) the Atris, todrink of the Soma.”

Listen to (soma-)pressing Śyāvāśva, (as you did) to the call of
the Atris—
– Indra and Agni, for soma-drinking.

I construe the Śyāvāśva genitive phrase directly with the verb, rather than supplying ‘call’ (hávam) with Geldner, on the basis of VIII.36.7, 37.7. But either is of course possible.

Hear ye the call of Atris, hear Syavasva as he sheds the juice:
Indra-Agni to the Soma-draught

Höret den Ruf des somapressenden Syavasva und der Atri´s, Indra und Agni kommet her, ihr Herren!

Des Presser Çjāva-açva Ruf und den der Atri’s höret an, Den Soma Indra-Agni, trinkt.

Услышьте зов Шьявашвы^
Выжимающего (сому) (и) людей Атри,
О Индра-Агни, для питья сомы!

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पुनः उसी विषय को कहते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (नरा) हे नेता (इन्द्राग्नी) राजन् तथा दूत ! आप (इमा+सवना) इन प्रातःसवन, माध्यन्दिनसवन और सायंसवन तीनों दैनिक यज्ञों को (जुषेथाम्) सेवें (यैः) जिनसे (हव्यानि) दातव्य द्रव्यों को आप (ऊहथुः) इतस्ततः पहुँचाया करते हैं ॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - यज्ञादि शुभकर्मों में जिस-२ उद्देश्य से जो-२ दान हो, उनको वहाँ-२ राजा और दूत पहुँचाने का प्रयत्न करें ॥५॥

पुनस्तदेवाह।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे इन्द्राग्नी ! हे नरा=नेतारौ ! इमा=इमानि। सवना सवनानि=प्रात्यहिकयज्ञान्। जुषेथाम्=सेवेथाम्। युवाम्। यैः सवनैः। हव्यानि=दातव्यद्रव्याणि। ऊहथुः=इतस्ततो वहथः ॥५॥

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

एवा᳓ वाम् अह्व ऊत᳓ये
य᳓था᳓हुवन्त मे᳓धिराः
इ᳓न्द्राग्नी सो᳓मपीतये

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).;; repeated line

Morph
ahve ← √hū- (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

evá ← evá (invariable)

ūtáye ← ūtí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

vām ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:DU}

áhuvanta ← √hū- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}

médhirāḥ ← médhira- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

yáthā ← yáthā (invariable)

índrāgnī ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:DU}

sómapītaye ← sómapīti- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

ए॒व । वा॒म् । अ॒ह्वे॒ । ऊ॒तये॑ । यथा॑ । अहु॑वन्त । मेधि॑राः ।
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । सोम॑ऽपीतये ॥

• evā ← eva
• [adverb]
• “indeed; merely; thus; even; surely; same; eva [word]; successively; immediately; in truth.”

• vām ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, dual
• “you.”

• ahva ← ahve ← hvā
• [verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
• “raise; call on; call; summon.”

• ūtaye ← ūti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “aid; favor; ūti [word].”

• yathāhuvanta ← yathā
• [adverb]
• “equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

• yathāhuvanta ← ahuvanta ← hvā
• [verb], plural, Imperfect
• “raise; call on; call; summon.”

• medhirāḥ ← medhira
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “wise; intelligent.”

• indrāgnī ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnī ← agnī ← agni
• [noun], vocative, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• somapītaye ← soma
• [noun], masculine
• “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

• somapītaye ← pītaye ← pīti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “drinking; haritāla.”

हे इन्द्राग्नी वां युवां यथा मेधिराः प्राज्ञाः अहुवन्त आहूतवन्तः एवमहम् ऊतये रक्षणाय सोमस्य पीतये च अह्वे ह्वयामि ॥

English translation:

“I invoke you both, Indra and Agni, as the sages have invoked you, for your protection (and) to drink ofthe Soma.”

Thus did I call upon you two for help, just as the wise ones called— – Indra and Agni, for soma-drinking.

Thus have I called you to our aid as sages called on you of old:
Indra-Agni to the Soma draught!

Also habe ich euch zum Beistand angerufen, wie euch ehedem die Weisen anriefen, Indra und Agni kommet her, ihr Herren!

So hab ich euch um Gunst gefleht, wie sonst die Weisen euch gefleht, Den Soma, Indra-Agni, trinkt.

Так позвал я на помощь вас двоих,
Как (некогда вас) призывали мудрые,
О Индра-Агни, для питья сомы.

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः

पुनः उसी विषय को कहते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (नरा) हे प्रजानेता (इन्द्राग्नी) राजन् तथा दूत ! आप दोनों (गायत्रवर्तनिम्) गायत्रीछन्दोयुक्त (मम) मेरी (इमाम्+सुष्टुतिम्) इस शोभन स्तुति को (जुषेथाम्) सेवें और तदर्थ (आगतम्) यहाँ आवें। ॥६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - प्रजाजन जहाँ राजा को बुलावें, वहाँ सगण जाकर रक्षा करें ॥६॥

पुनस्तदेवाह।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे नरा=नेतारौ इन्द्राग्नी=राजदूतौ ! युवाम्। गायत्र- वर्तनिम्=गायत्रमार्गयुताम्=गायत्रीछन्दोयुताम्। ममेमाम्= सष्टुतिम्=शोभनां स्तुतिम्। जुषेथाम्=सेवेथाम्। तथा आगतम्=आगच्छतम् ॥६॥

• देवता - इन्द्राग्नी
• ऋषिः - श्यावाश्वः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

आ᳓हं᳓ स᳓रस्वतीवतोर्
इन्द्राग्नियो᳓र् अ᳓वो वृणे
या᳓भ्यां गायत्र᳓म् ऋच्य᳓ते

Strata
Strophic

Pāda-label
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).
genre M;; Oldenberg’s gāyatrī-corpus, cf. Oldenberg (1888: 9f.).

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

ahám ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

sárasvatīvatoḥ ← sárasvatīvant- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:DU}

ávaḥ ← ávas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

indrāgnyóḥ ← indrāgní- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:DU}

vr̥ṇe ← √vr̥- ~ vr̥̄- (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

gāyatrám ← gāyatrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

r̥cyáte ← √r̥c- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:PASS}

yā́bhyām ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:DU}

आ । अ॒हम् । सर॑स्वतीऽवतोः । इ॒न्द्रा॒ग्न्योः । अवः॑ । वृ॒णे॒ ।
याभ्या॑म् । गा॒य॒त्रम् । ऋ॒च्यते॑ ॥

• āhaṃ ← ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• āhaṃ ← aham ← mad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “I; mine.”

• sarasvatīvator ← sarasvatīvatoḥ ← sarasvatīvat
• [noun], genitive, dual, masculine

• indrāgnyor ← indra
• [noun], masculine
• “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

• indrāgnyor ← agnyoḥ ← agni
• [noun], genitive, dual, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• avo ← avaḥ ← avas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “aid; favor; protection.”

• vṛṇe ← vṛ
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “choose; ask.”

• yābhyāṃ ← yābhyām ← yad
• [noun], dative, dual, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• gāyatram ← gāyatra
• [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
• “Gāyatrī; Gāyatra.”

• ṛcyate ← arc
• [verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
• “sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”

याभ्यां ययोरिन्द्राग्न्योरर्थं गायत्रं साम ऋच्यते स्तूयते तयोः सरस्वतीवतोः स्तुतिमतोः इन्द्राग्न्योः संबन्धि अवः रक्षणम् अहम् आ वृणे ॥ ॥ २१ ॥

English translation:

“I solicit the protection of Indra and Agni, associated with Sarasvatī, to whom this Gāyatrī hymn isaddressed.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Associated with Sarasvatī: sarasvatīvatoḥ = possessors of praise

Here do I choose the help of Indra and Agni in company with
Sarasvatī,
the two for whom the song is recited.
The following group of hymns, VIII.39–42, is attributed to Nābhāka Kāṇva, who names himself several times in VIII.40 and 41. The group is characterized by the slangy refrain that puns on his name, nábhantām anyaké same “let all the other squirts burst!” The poet is also partial to the mahāpaṅkti meter, found in VIII.39–41.

Indra’s and Agni’s grace I claim, Sarasvati’s associates
To whom this psalm of praise is sung.

Ich erbitte den Beistand von Indra und Agni in Begleitung der Sarasvati, welchen beiden das Gayatrilied gesungen wird.

Ich flehe die Hülfe der von Sarasvati begleiteten Indra und Agni an, welchen dieses Lied gesungen wird.

Я выбираю себе помощь
Индры-Агни, сопровождаемых Сарасвати,
Для которых поется гимн гаятри.

• इन्द्राग्नी
• श्यावाश्वः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

पुनः उसी विषय को कहते हैं।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (जेन्यावसू) हे जययुक्त धन यद्वा हे शत्रुधननेता (इन्द्राग्नी) राजन् ! तथा दूत आप दोनों (प्रातर्यावभिः) प्रातःकाल गमन करनेवाले (देवेभिः) विद्वानों के साथ (सोमपीतये) सोमरस पीने के लिये (आगतम्) आइये ॥७॥

भावार्थभाषाः - राजा सदा धनसंग्रह करें और प्रजा के कार्य्य में उद्यत रहें ॥७॥

पुनस्तदेवाह।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे जेन्यावसू=जययुक्तधनौ यद्वा जेतव्यशत्रुधनौ। इन्द्राग्नी युवाम्। प्रातर्यावभिः=प्रातर्गमनकारिभिः। देवेभिः=देवैः सह। सोमपीतये। आगतम् ॥७॥