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सायण-भाष्यम्
‘वयं घ त्वा’ इत्येकोनविंशत्यृचं तृतीयं सूक्तं काण्वस्य मेध्यातिथेरार्षं बृहतीच्छन्दस्कम् । षोडश्याद्यास्तिस्रो गायत्र्य एकोनविंश्यनुष्टुप् । इन्द्रो देवता । तथा चानुक्रान्तं- ‘ वयं घैकोना मेध्यातिथिर्बार्हतं त्रिगायत्र्यनुष्टुबन्तम् ’ इति । महाव्रते निष्केवल्ये बार्हततृचाशीतावादितः पञ्चदशर्चः । तथैव पञ्चमारण्यके शौनकेन सूत्र्यते- ‘ वयं घ त्वा सुतावन्त इति पञ्चदश मो षु त्वा वाघतश्चनेत्येतस्य द्विपदां चोद्धरति ’ ( ऐ. आ. ५, २. ४ ) इति । चातुर्विंशिकेऽहनि माध्यंदिनसवने ब्राह्मणाच्छंसिशस्त्रे ‘ वयं घ त्वा ’ इति तृचो वैकल्पिकः स्तोत्रियः । तथा च सूत्रं - ‘ वयं घ त्वा सुतावन्तः क ईं वेद सुते सचा ’ ( आश्व. श्रौ. ७. ४ ) इति । स्वरसाम्न्ययमेव तृचोऽनुरूपः । सूत्रितं च – वयं घ त्वा सुतावन्त इति तिस्रो बृहत्यः ’ ( आश्व. श्रौ. ८. ५) इति । तस्मिन्नेव शस्त्रे ‘ क ईं वेद’ इति वैकल्पिकोऽनुरूपः । सूत्रमुक्तमेव ॥
Jamison Brereton
33 (653)
Indra
Medhyātithi Kāṇva
19 verses: br̥hatī arranged in trcas 1–15, g ̥ āyatrī 16–18, anuṣṭubh 19
For most of its length (through vs. 15), this is an unremarkable hymn to Indra, with the usual invitations to him to attend our soma sacrifice along with praise of his overwhelming strength and requests for his bounty. Indra’s “resolve” (-krátu) is frequently mentioned (vss. 5, 6, 11, 13, 14).
The last four verses (16–19), in a different meter, are also entirely different in tone and intent and have given rise to multiple interpretations—especially the final taunt (19d): “You, a brahmin, have become a woman.” Our view of this tantalizingly opaque sequence is that it concerns the introduction of the Sacrificer’s Wife into the performance of solemn ritual, an introduction celebrated in the nearby hymn VIII.31 (see remarks there). But, unlike the situation in VIII.31, the poet of VIII.33 displays a conservative opposition to this ritual innovation, an innovation that he nonethe
less ascribes to Indra’s leadership. In verse 16 the poet complains that an unnamed ritualist no longer listens to the instructions of his fellow ritualists but only to Indra’s. In verses 17 and 18 Indra speaks, and though he at first disparages women’s intellect (vs. 17), he asserts that a sacrifice directed by a complementary pair (mithunā́, a word often used explicitly of a sexual couple) is especially successful (with implicit contrast to the older model without female participation)—while at the same time suggesting that the husband should keep the upper hand (or upper chariot-pole: the common metaphor of sacrifice as chariot is in play). The final verse is, in our view, spoken by the jaundiced poet himself. In the first three pādas he mocks his ritually innovative colleague by pretending to be a mother inculcating proper feminine behavior into her little daughter. The language is both slangy and heavily diminutivized, and the crucial noun in pāda c, the dual kaśaplakaú, is a hapax and unclear, though it may well refer to female genitalia. He then announces his reasons for this mockery: the innovative colleague, by favoring women’s ritual participation, risks being tainted by the female presence and becoming a woman himself. (Such charges have frequently been directed at men who favor women’s rights, at least since the time of John Stuart Mill.) For more detailed discussion, see Jamison (forthcoming a and 2011).
It is not entirely clear why this curious sequence is found tacked onto an other wise ordinary Indra hymn. It occupies the position often taken by a dānastuti, and of course dānastutis often display a linguistic register similar to what is found here, slangy and colloquial vocabulary, syntactically informal direct speech, and sexual innuendo. It has been suggested that it is a sort of anti-dānastuti, a “satire” in the technical sense. This is an appealing explanation for its position in the hymn, but with the proviso that, at least in our interpretation, the target of the satire is clearly not the poet’s patron (stingy or not), but a fellow ritualist.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Indra
01 वयं घ - बृहती
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वयं᳓ घ त्वा सुता᳓वन्त
आ᳓पो न᳓ वृक्त᳓बर्हिषः
पवि᳓त्रस्य प्रस्र᳓वणेषु वृत्रहन्
प᳓रि स्तोता᳓र आसते
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
व॒यं घ॑ त्वा सु॒ताव॑न्त॒ आपो॒ न वृ॒क्तब॑र्हिषः ।
प॒वित्र॑स्य प्र॒स्रव॑णेषु वृत्रह॒न्परि॑ स्तो॒तार॑ आसते ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
वयं᳓ घ त्वा सुता᳓वन्त
आ᳓पो न᳓ वृक्त᳓बर्हिषः
पवि᳓त्रस्य प्रस्र᳓वणेषु वृत्रहन्
प᳓रि स्तोता᳓र आसते
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
gha ← gha (invariable)
sutā́vantaḥ ← sutā́vant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
tvā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}
vayám ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:PL}
ā́paḥ ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
ná ← ná (invariable)
vr̥ktábarhiṣaḥ ← vr̥ktábarhis- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, number:PL}
pavítrasya ← pavítra- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}
prasrávaṇeṣu ← prasrávaṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}
vr̥trahan ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
āsate ← √ās- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
pári ← pári (invariable)
stotā́raḥ ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
पद-पाठः
व॒यम् । घ॒ । त्वा॒ । सु॒तऽव॑न्तः । आपः॑ । न । वृ॒क्तऽब॑र्हिषः ।
प॒वित्र॑स्य । प्र॒ऽस्रव॑णेषु । वृ॒त्र॒ऽह॒न् । परि॑ । स्तो॒तारः॑ । आ॒स॒ते॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- vayaṃ ← vayam ← mad
- [noun], nominative, plural
- “I; mine.”
- gha
- [adverb]
- tvā ← tvad
- [noun], accusative, singular
- “you.”
- sutāvanta ← sutāvantaḥ ← sutāvat
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- āpo ← āpaḥ ← ap
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- vṛktabarhiṣaḥ ← vṛkta ← vṛj
- [verb noun]
- vṛktabarhiṣaḥ ← barhiṣaḥ ← barhis
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “Barhis; barhis [word].”
- pavitrasya ← pavitra
- [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
- “strainer.”
- prasravaṇeṣu ← prasravaṇa
- [noun], locative, plural, neuter
- “waterfall; spring; discharge.”
- vṛtrahan
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra.”
- pari
- [adverb]
- “from; about; around.”
- stotāra ← stotāraḥ ← stotṛ
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “laudatory; worshiping.”
- āsate ← ās
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “sit; stay; sit down; dwell; lie; lie; exist.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे वृत्रहन इन्द्र त्वा त्वां वयं घ वयं खलु सुतवन्तः सोममभिषुतवन्तः आपो न आप इव प्रवणमभिगच्छामः । पवित्रस्य सोमानां प्रस्रवणेषु वृक्तबर्हिषः स्तीर्णबर्हिषः स्तोतारः च त्वां पर्युपासते । ।
Wilson
English translation:
“We are pouring forth to you Soma like water; the praisers, strewing the clipped sacred grass, worshipyou, slayer of Vṛtra, in the streams (falling) from the filter.”
Jamison Brereton
We who are provided with pressings, with the twisted ritual grass, like waters at the outpourings of the strainer, take our seats around you,
Vr̥tra-smasher, as praisers.
Jamison Brereton Notes
This verse has at least one clear subject (vayám ‘we’ in a) and one clear verb (3rd pl. pári … āsate ‘sit around’ in d), but they do not match grammatically.
There are (at least) two solutions: either to supply a 1st ps verb with ab (or abc) (so Geldner) or to assume a modulation from 1st ps to 3rd ps. because of the nom. pl. stotā́raḥ ‘praisers’ in d, which, by this interpretation, would be in apposition to vayám. (Geldner acknowledges this possibility in his n.) Despite the awkwardness I prefer the second option, in part because there is no obvious verb to supply in the earlier part of the vs. – though I admit that Geldner’s “anbrausen” (√svar) is possible, given sváranti opening vs. 2 and the parallels he cites in his n. for singers and waters as subjects of √svar.
The other problem is the application of the simile “like waters” in b. It is not immediately clear why we are like waters. I would like to connect the simile to the phrase pavítrasya prasrávaneṣu in c and suggest that the waters go in circles at this outpouring just as we take our seats in a circle. It is also possible that the waters are being compared to the pressings in the adjective sutā́vantaḥ “provided with pressings, (which are) like waters.” On both difficulties in this verse, see detailed discussion by Oldenberg
Griffith
WE compass thee like waters, we whose grass is trimmed and Soma pressed.
Here where the filter pours its stream, thy worshippers round thee, O Vrtra-slayer, sit.
Geldner
Bei ausgepreßtem Soma und herumgelegtem Barhis brausen wir dich an wie die Gewässer. Die Sänger sitzen herum an den Quellen der Seihe, o Vritratöter.
Grassmann
Wir Sänger sitzen um dich her, dir Soma bringend Strömen gleich, Nachdem die Streu, o Vritratödter, wir geschmückt er bei der Somaseihe Strom.
Elizarenkova
Это мы, выжав (сому), разложив жертвенную солому,
(Стремимся) к тебе, словно воды (в низину).
У источников цедилки, о убийца Вритры,
Сидят вокруг восхвалители.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- बृहती
- मध्यमः
02 स्वरन्ति त्वा - बृहती
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स्व᳓रन्ति त्वा सुते᳓ न᳓रो
व᳓सो निरेक᳓ उक्थि᳓नः
कदा᳓ सुतं᳓ तृषाण᳓ ओ᳓क आ᳓ गम
इ᳓न्द्र स्वब्दी᳓व वं᳓सगः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
स्वर॑न्ति त्वा सु॒ते नरो॒ वसो॑ निरे॒क उ॒क्थिनः॑ ।
क॒दा सु॒तं तृ॑षा॒ण ओक॒ आ ग॑म॒ इन्द्र॑ स्व॒ब्दीव॒ वंस॑गः ॥
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अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
स्व᳓रन्ति त्वा सुते᳓ न᳓रो
व᳓सो निरेक᳓ उक्थि᳓नः
कदा᳓ सुतं᳓ तृषाण᳓ ओ᳓क आ᳓ गम
इ᳓न्द्र स्वब्दी᳓व वं᳓सगः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
náraḥ ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
suté ← √su- (root)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
sváranti ← √svar- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
tvā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}
nireké ← nireká- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}
ukthínaḥ ← ukthín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, number:PL}
váso ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
gamaḥ ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
kadā́ ← kadā́ (invariable)
ókaḥ ← ókas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
sutám ← √su- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
tr̥ṣāṇáḥ ← √tr̥ṣ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:AOR, voice:MED}
índra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
iva ← iva (invariable)
svabdī́ ← svabdín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
váṁsagaḥ ← váṁsaga- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
स्वर॑न्ति । त्वा॒ । सु॒ते । नरः॑ । वसो॒ इति॑ । नि॒रे॒के । उ॒क्थिनः॑ ।
क॒दा । सु॒तम् । तृ॒षा॒णः । ओकः॑ । आ । ग॒मः॒ । इन्द्र॑ । स्व॒ब्दीऽइ॑व । वंस॑गः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- svaranti ← svar
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “sing.”
- tvā ← tvad
- [noun], accusative, singular
- “you.”
- sute ← su
- [verb noun], locative, singular
- “press out; su.”
- naro ← naraḥ ← nṛ
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
- vaso ← vasu
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “good; good; benign; vasu [word].”
- nireka ← nireke ← nireka
- [noun], locative, singular, masculine
- ukthinaḥ ← ukthin
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “laudatory.”
- kadā
- [adverb]
- “when; kadā [word].”
- sutaṃ ← sutam ← su
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- “press out; su.”
- tṛṣāṇa ← tṛṣāṇaḥ ← tṛṣ
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “thirst.”
- oka ← okaḥ ← oka
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “home; house; oka [word].”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- gama ← gamaḥ ← gam
- [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
- indra
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- svabdīva ← svabdī ← svabdin
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- svabdīva ← iva
- [adverb]
- “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
- vaṃsagaḥ ← vaṃsaga
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bull.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे वसो वासयितरिन्द्र त्वा त्वां सुते अभिषुते सोमे निरेके निर्गमने उक्थिनः नरः नेतारः स्वरन्ति शब्दायन्ते । अपि चेन्द्रः सुतं सोमं प्रति तृषाणः तृष्यन् स्वब्दीव स्वभूतशब्द इव वंसगः वननीयगमनो वृषभः शब्दं कुर्वन् कदा ओकः स्थानम् आ गमत् ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“The leaders (of rites), repeating praises, shout to you, Vasu, when the libation issues forth; when, Indra,bellowing like a bull, do you come to the dwelling thirsting fo the Soma?”
Jamison Brereton
The men provided with hymns cry out to you exclusively when (soma) is pressed, o good one.
When will you come thirsting here to our house, to our pressed (soma), Indra, like a buffalo following its own track?
Griffith
Men, Vasu! by the Soma, with lauds call thee to the foremost place:
When comest thou athirst unto the juice as home, O Indra, like a bellowing bull?
Geldner
Dich ausschließlich brausen die Männer bei ausgepreßtem Saft mit ihren Lobgedichten an, du Guter. Wann wirst du durstig zum Soma als dem gewohnten Ort kommen, Indra, wie der Büffel, der seinen eigenen Spuren folgt?
Grassmann
Beim Soma preisen, guter, dich mit Spruch die Sänger um dich her, Wann kommst du Indra Soma-lechzend in das Haus, gleich wie ein Stier, der dürstend brüllt?
Elizarenkova
Шумят тебе навстречу мужи, исполняющие хвалу,
О Васу, у выжатого (сомы) – (тебе) безраздельно.
Когда, жаждя сомы, ты придешь на привычное место,
О Индра, как бык, идущий по своим следам?
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- बृहती
- मध्यमः
03 कण्वेभिधृड़्ष्णवा धृषद्वाजम् - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
क᳓ण्वेभिर् धृष्णव् आ᳓ धृष᳓द्
वा᳓जं दर्षि सहस्रि᳓णम्
पिश᳓ङ्गरूपम् मघवन् विचर्षणे
मक्षू᳓ गो᳓मन्तम् ईमहे
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
कण्वे॑भिर्धृष्ण॒वा धृ॒षद्वाजं॑ दर्षि सह॒स्रिण॑म् ।
पि॒शङ्ग॑रूपं मघवन्विचर्षणे म॒क्षू गोम॑न्तमीमहे ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
क᳓ण्वेभिर् धृष्णव् आ᳓ धृष᳓द्
वा᳓जं दर्षि सहस्रि᳓णम्
पिश᳓ङ्गरूपम् मघवन् विचर्षणे
मक्षू᳓ गो᳓मन्तम् ईमहे
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
dhr̥ṣát ← √dhr̥ṣ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
dhr̥ṣṇo ← dhr̥ṣṇú- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
káṇvebhiḥ ← káṇva- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
darṣi ← √dr̥- ~ dr̥̄- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, voice:ACT}
sahasríṇam ← sahasrín- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
vā́jam ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
maghavan ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
piśáṅgarūpam ← piśáṅgarūpa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
vicarṣaṇe ← vícarṣaṇi- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
gómantam ← gómant- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
īmahe ← √yā- 2 (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
makṣú ← makṣú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
कण्वे॑भिः । धृ॒ष्णो॒ इति॑ । आ । धृ॒षत् । वाज॑म् । द॒र्षि॒ । स॒ह॒स्रिण॑म् ।
पि॒शङ्ग॑ऽरूपम् । म॒घ॒ऽव॒न् । वि॒ऽच॒र्ष॒णे॒ । म॒क्षु । गोऽम॑न्तम् । ई॒म॒हे॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- kaṇvebhir ← kaṇvebhiḥ ← kaṇva
- [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
- “Kaṇva; Kaṇva; kaṇva [word].”
- dhṛṣṇav ← dhṛṣṇo ← dhṛṣṇu
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “brave; ferocious; strong.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- dhṛṣad ← dhṛṣat
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- vājaṃ ← vājam ← vāja
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”
- darṣi ← dṛ
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “burst; burst.”
- sahasriṇam ← sahasrin
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “thousandfold.”
- piśaṅgarūpam ← piśaṅga
- [noun]
- “tawny; red; brown.”
- piśaṅgarūpam ← rūpam ← rūpa
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “form; appearance; beauty; look; shape; shape; symptom; feature; nature; guise; rūpa [word]; one; appearance; likeness; color; kind; vowel; type; disguise; aspect; form; derivative; omen; vision.”
- maghavan
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; maghavan [word].”
- vicarṣaṇe ← vicarṣaṇi
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “excellent.”
- makṣū
- [adverb]
- “promptly; soon; quickly.”
- gomantam ← gomat
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “rich in cattle; bovine.”
- īmahe ← ī ← √i
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “beg; solicit.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे धृष्णो धर्षकेन्द्र कण्वेभिः कण्वानुद्दिश्य । विभक्तिव्यत्ययः । सहस्रिणं सहस्रसंख्याकं वाजम् आ दर्षि देहि। हे मघवन् धनवन् विचर्षणे विद्रष्टरिन्द्र धृषत् धृष्टं पिशङ्गरूपं गोमन्तं च वाजं मक्षु शीघ्रम् ईमहे याचामहे । त्वामिति शेषः ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Resolute (Indra), bestow abundantly upon the descendants of Kaṇva thousands of viands; wiseMaghavan, we earnestly solicit you for (wealth) of gold and cattle.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Piśaṅga rūpam = tawny-coloured
Jamison Brereton
With the Kaṇvas, bold one, you will boldly tear out a prize worth a thousand.
We beg for a tawny-formed (prize) consisting of cattle—right away, o unbounded bounteous one.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Phonetic figure in ab dhrṣṇ̥ av … dhr̥ṣád … darṣi Geldner supplies “gepreisen” with the instr. káṇvebhiḥ. He is probably correct that the Kaṇvas are not likely to be assisting Indra in his conquests, but I still resist supplying material without a clear basis.
Griffith
Boldly, Bold Hero, bring us spoil in thousands for the Kanvas’ sake.
O active Maghavan, with eager prayer we crave the yellow-hued with store ol kine.
Geldner
Von den Kanva´s gepriesen, du Herzhafter, schlage herzhaft tausendfältigen Gewinn heraus! Um goldfarbigen und in Rindern bestehenden Lohn bitten wir recht bald, du Gabenreicher, Ausgezeichneter.
Grassmann
Erschliesse durch die Kanva’s kühn, o kühner, tausendfaches Gut, Goldfarbiges, o mächtiger, o rüstiger, das rinderreiche wünschen wir,
Elizarenkova
(Восхваленный) Канвами, о отважный, отважно
Выбей (нам) тысячную награду!
О щедрый (и) очень подвижный, (о награде) золотого цвета,
Состоящей из коров, мы просим как можно скорее.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- बृहती
- मध्यमः
04 पाहि गायान्धसो - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
पाहि᳓ गा᳓या᳓न्धसो म᳓द
इ᳓न्द्राय मेधियातिथे
यः᳓ स᳓म्मिश्लो ह᳓रियोर् यः᳓ सुते᳓ स᳓चा
वज्री᳓ र᳓थो हिरण्य᳓यः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
पा॒हि गायान्ध॑सो॒ मद॒ इन्द्रा॑य मेध्यातिथे ।
यः सम्मि॑श्लो॒ हर्यो॒र्यः सु॒ते सचा॑ व॒ज्री रथो॑ हिर॒ण्ययः॑ ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
पाहि᳓ गा᳓या᳓न्धसो म᳓द
इ᳓न्द्राय मेधियातिथे
यः᳓ स᳓म्मिश्लो ह᳓रियोर् यः᳓ सुते᳓ स᳓चा
वज्री᳓ र᳓थो हिरण्य᳓यः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ándhasaḥ ← ándhas- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}
gā́ya ← √gā(y)- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
máde ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}
pāhí ← √pā- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
índrāya ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
medhyātithe ← médhyātithi- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
háryoḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:DU}
sácā ← sácā (invariable)
sámmiślaḥ ← sámmiśla- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
suté ← √su- (root)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
hiraṇyáyaḥ ← hiraṇyáya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ráthaḥ ← rátha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
vajrī́ ← vajrín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
पा॒हि । गाय॑ । अन्ध॑सः । मदे॑ । इन्द्रा॑य । मे॒ध्य॒ऽअ॒ति॒थे॒ ।
यः । सम्ऽमि॑श्लः । हर्योः॑ । यः । सु॒ते । सचा॑ । व॒ज्री । रथः॑ । हि॒र॒ण्ययः॑ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- pāhi ← pā
- [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
- “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”
- gāyāndhaso ← gāya ← gā
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “sing; praise; jap; recite; describe.”
- gāyāndhaso ← andhasaḥ ← andhas
- [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
- “Soma; drink; amṛta.”
- mada ← made ← mada
- [noun], locative, singular, masculine
- “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”
- indrāya ← indra
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- medhyātithe ← medhyātithi
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Kaṇva.”
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- sammiślo ← sammiślaḥ ← sammiśla
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- haryor ← haryoḥ ← hari
- [noun], locative, dual, masculine
- “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- sute ← su
- [verb noun], locative, singular
- “press out; su.”
- sacā
- [adverb]
- “jointly.”
- vajrī ← vajrin
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; vajra; Euphorbia neriifolia L.; abhra; Buddha.”
- ratho ← rathaḥ ← ratha
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
- hiraṇyayaḥ ← hiraṇyaya
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “gold; aureate; hiraṇyaya [word].”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे मेध्यातिथे पाहि सोमं पिब । अन्धसः पीतस्य सोमस्य मदे तस्मै इन्द्राय गाय स्तोत्रं पठ’ च । यः इन्द्रः हर्योः अश्वयोः संमिश्लः स्वरथे संमिश्लयिता । यः च सुते सोमे सचा सहायः । य इन्द्रः वज्री । यस्य रथः हिरण्ययः हिरण्मयः ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Drink, Medhyātithi, and in the exhilaration of the draught sing to Indra, to him who has harnessed hishorses, who, when the Soma is poured out, is present, the wielder of the thunderbolt, whose chariot is of golḍ”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Variants in Sāmaveda: pāhi gā andhaso for: pāhi gāyāndhaso; hiraṇyāya indro vajrī for: sute sacāvajrī ratho
Jamison Brereton
“Drink!”—sing (thus) to Indra, at the exhilaration of the stalk, o Medhyātithi,
to the mace-wielder, who is linked with the two fallow bays, who, when (soma) is pressed, is a golden chariot,
Jamison Brereton Notes
“Drink!” is an imperative that the poet Medhyātithi should not be addressing to himself, as opposed to “sing!” I therefore take it as the content of his song, addressed to Indra.
In d Geldner takes the last two words rátho hiraṇyáyaḥ as a separate nominal clause “golden is his chariot.” This is possible, but I think it is far more likely a phrase qualifying Indra, despite its slight oddness. Indra can be called a chariot because he comes with lots of goods, like a chariot (see, e.g., I.125.3 vásumatā ráthena), and also because he’s “linked” (sáṃmiślaḥ) to the two horses, as if he were the chariot they are yoked to and pull. Moreover, starting with 4c the rest of the tṛca (4c-6c) consists only of descriptions of Indra in the nominative, arranged in relative clauses. A nominal clause with a different subject would interrupt this structure.
Griffith
Medhyatithi, to Indra sing, drink of the juice to make thee glad.
Close-knit to his Bay Steeds, bolt-armed, beside the juice is he: his chariot is of gold.
Geldner
Trinke, singe, Medhyatithi, im Rausch des Somatrankes dem Indra, der an dem Falbenpaar, der am Soma hängt, der Keulenträger! Golden ist sein Wagen;
Grassmann
O trink und sing im Somarausch dem Indra, Medhiatithi, Der mit den Füchsen her zum Somatrunks fährt, ein goldner Wagen blitzversehn.
Elizarenkova
Пей (и) пой в опьянении соком
Для Индры, о Медхьятитхи,
(Для того,) кто привержен паре буланых коней, кто - выжатому (соме),
(Кто) громовержец, золотая колесница!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- विराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
05 यः सुषव्यः - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
यः᳓ सुषव्यः᳓ सुद᳓क्षिण
इनो᳓ यः᳓ सुक्र᳓तुर् गृणे᳓
य᳓ आकरः᳓ सह᳓स्रा यः᳓ शता᳓मघ
इ᳓न्द्रो यः᳓ पूर्भि᳓द् आरितः᳓
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
यः सु॑ष॒व्यः सु॒दक्षि॑ण इ॒नो यः सु॒क्रतु॑र्गृ॒णे ।
य आ॑क॒रः स॒हस्रा॒ यः श॒ताम॑घ॒ इन्द्रो॒ यः पू॒र्भिदा॑रि॒तः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
यः᳓ सुषव्यः᳓ सुद᳓क्षिण
इनो᳓ यः᳓ सुक्र᳓तुर् गृणे᳓
य᳓ आकरः᳓ सह᳓स्रा यः᳓ शता᳓मघ
इ᳓न्द्रो यः᳓ पूर्भि᳓द् आरितः᳓
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
sudákṣiṇaḥ ← sudákṣiṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
suṣavyáḥ ← suṣavyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
gr̥ṇé ← √gr̥̄- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
ináḥ ← iná- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
sukrátuḥ ← sukrátu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ākaráḥ ← ākará- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
sahásrā ← sahásra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
śatā́maghaḥ ← śatā́magha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
āritáḥ ← √ār- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
pūrbhít ← pūrbhíd- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
यः । सु॒ऽस॒व्यः । सु॒ऽदक्षि॑णः । इ॒नः । यः । सु॒ऽक्रतुः॑ । गृ॒णे ।
यः । आ॒ऽक॒रः । स॒हस्रा॑ । यः । श॒तऽम॑घः । इन्द्रः॑ । यः । पूः॒ऽभित् । आ॒रि॒तः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- suṣavyaḥ ← suṣavya
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- sudakṣiṇa ← su
- [adverb]
- “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
- sudakṣiṇa ← dakṣiṇaḥ ← dakṣiṇa
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “southern; right; south; southerly; dakṣiṇa [word]; sincere; clockwise; deft.”
- ino ← inaḥ ← ina
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “mighty; powerful.”
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- sukratur ← su
- [adverb]
- “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
- sukratur ← kratuḥ ← kratu
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
- gṛṇe ← gṛ
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “praise.”
- ya ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- ākaraḥ ← ākṛ ← √kṛ
- [verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
- sahasrā ← sahasra
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- śatāmagha ← śatāmaghaḥ ← śatāmagha
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- indro ← indraḥ ← indra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- pūrbhid
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra.”
- āritaḥ ← ār
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “praise.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
यः सुषव्यः शोभनसव्यहस्तः यश्च सुदक्षिणः यश्च इनः ईश्वरः । ‘ नियुत्वान् इनः’ इतीश्वरनामसु पाठात् । यः चापि सुक्रतुः सुप्रज्ञः। सहस्रा सहस्राणां बहूनां यः च आकरः कर्ता । यः चापि शतमघः बहुधनः । यः च पूर्भित् पुरां भेत्ता । यश्च आरितः प्रत्यृतः स्तोमान् । तथा च यास्कः- ‘ य आरितः कर्मणि कर्मणि स्थिरः प्रत्यृतः स्तोमान्’ (निरु. ५. १५) इति । सः इन्द्रः गृणे अस्माभिः स्तूयते च ॥ ॥ ७ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“He who is well-handled, both left and right, who is the lord, who is wise, he performer of numerousgreat acts, the giver of vast wealth, Indra, who is the demolisher of cities, who is gratified by praise, is glorified(by us).”
Jamison Brereton
Who has a good left (horse) and a good right one, the strong one, who is hymned as the one of good resolve,
who distributes thousands, who has a hundred bounties, Indra, who is acknowledged as the stronghold-splitter,
Jamison Brereton Notes
I take the phrase suṣavyáḥ sudákṣiṇaḥ as referring to Indra’s two horses, since it follows immediately on a hemistich (4cd) concerning those horses and his chariot. But ‘sides’ or ‘hands’ are also possible. Geldner simply fails to supply a referent (“Der eine gute Linke, eine gute Rechte hat”). I.82.5 yuktás te astu dákṣiṇa utá savyáḥ … supports my interpretation as horses.
Griffith
He Who is praised as strong of hand both right and left, most wise and hold:
Indra who, rich in hundreds, gathers thousands up, honoured as breaker-down of forts.
Geldner
Der eine gute Linke, eine gute Rechte hat, der als Gewaltiger, Ratreicher gepriesen wird, der Tausende ausgibt, der Hunderte verschenkt, Indra, der als Burgenbrecher anerkannt ist.
Grassmann
Der stark an rechter, linker Hand als weiser Herr gepriesen wird, Der reich an hundert Gütern tausendfaches schenkt, als Burgzerstörer hochgerühmt.
Elizarenkova
У кого прекрасная левая рука, прекрасная правая,
Кто воспевается как повелитель с прекрасной силой духа,
Кто рассыпает тысячи, кто дарит сотни,
Индра, который действует как арья, проломитель крепостей!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- बृहती
- मध्यमः
06 यो धृषितो - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
यो᳓ धृषितो᳓ यो᳓ अ᳓वृतो
यो᳓ अ᳓स्ति श्म᳓श्रुषु श्रितः᳓
वि᳓भूतद्युम्नश् च्य᳓वनः पुरुष्टुतः᳓
क्र᳓त्वा गउ᳓र् इव शाकिनः᳓
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
यो धृ॑षि॒तो योऽवृ॑तो॒ यो अस्ति॒ श्मश्रु॑षु श्रि॒तः ।
विभू॑तद्युम्न॒श्च्यव॑नः पुरुष्टु॒तः क्रत्वा॒ गौरि॑व शाकि॒नः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
यो᳓ धृषितो᳓ यो᳓ अ᳓वृतो
यो᳓ अ᳓स्ति श्म᳓श्रुषु श्रितः᳓
वि᳓भूतद्युम्नश् च्य᳓वनः पुरुष्टुतः᳓
क्र᳓त्वा गउ᳓र् इव शाकिनः᳓
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ávr̥taḥ ← ávr̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
dhr̥ṣitáḥ ← √dhr̥ṣ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ásti ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
śmáśruṣu ← śmáśru- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}
śritáḥ ← √śri- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
cyávanaḥ ← cyávana- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
puruṣṭutáḥ ← puruṣṭutá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
víbhūtadyumnaḥ ← víbhūtadyumna- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
gaúḥ ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
iva ← iva (invariable)
krátvā ← krátu- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}
śākináḥ ← śākiná- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
यः । धृ॒षि॒तः । यः । अवृ॑तः । यः । अस्ति॑ । श्मश्रु॑षु । श्रि॒तः ।
विभू॑तऽद्युम्नः । च्यव॑नः । पु॒रु॒ऽस्तु॒तः । क्रत्वा॑ । गौःऽइ॑व । शा॒कि॒नः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- yo ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- dhṛṣito ← dhṛṣitaḥ ← dhṛṣ
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “dare; attack.”
- yo ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- ‘vṛto ← a
- [adverb]
- “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
- ‘vṛto ← vṛtaḥ ← vṛ
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
- yo ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- asti ← as
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- śmaśruṣu ← śmaśru
- [noun], locative, plural, masculine
- “beard.”
- śritaḥ ← śri
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “situate; dwell; go; lurk; reach; rear; repose; cling to.”
- vibhūtadyumnaś ← vibhūta ← vibhū ← √bhū
- [verb noun]
- “appear; expand; develop.”
- vibhūtadyumnaś ← dyumnaḥ ← dyumna
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “magnificence.”
- cyavanaḥ ← cyavana
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- puruṣṭutaḥ ← puruṣṭuta
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; Vishnu; Agni.”
- kratvā ← kratu
- [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
- “yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
- gaur ← gauḥ ← go
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
- iva
- [adverb]
- “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
- śākinaḥ ← śākina
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “mighty; strong.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
यो धृषितः शत्रूणां धर्षयिता यः च अवृतः शत्रुभिरपरिवृतः यः चापि श्मश्रुषु युद्धेषु । श्रवः श्रयन्त्यस्मिन्निति व्युत्पत्तेः श्मश्रु युद्धमिति वृद्धा वदन्ति । श्रितः अस्ति भवति । यश्चापि विभूतद्युम्नः प्रभूतधनः । यश्च च्यवनः सोमानां च्यावयिता । यश्चापि पुरुष्टुतः बहुस्तुतः । स इन्द्रः क्रत्वा कर्मणा शाकिनः शक्तस्य यजमानस्य गौरिव यथा गौः पयसो दोग्ध्री तथा कामानां दोग्धा भवति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“He who is the subduer (of foes), the unresisted, practised in combats, possessed of vast wealth, thedemander of the libation, the praised of many, who by his acts (of bounty) is like a cow to the competent(worshipper).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Practised in combats: śmaśruṣu śritaḥ: śmaśruṣu = yuddha; deamander of the libation: cyavana= he who causes to fall or flow, i.e. the Soma
Jamison Brereton
Who is audacious, who is unobstructable, who is embedded within his beard,
possessing extensive brilliance, rouser, much praised, in his resolve
strong like an ox.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The expression śmáśruṣu śritáḥ “embedded within his beard” is striking. It seems to be a slightly jocular expression, meaning perhaps that Indra has such a big bushy beard that it’s as if he’s been embedded into it – one sees it before one sees him.
Griffith
The bold of heart whom none provokes, who stands in bearded confidence;
Much-lauded, very glorious, overthrowing foes, strong Helper, like a bull with might.
Geldner
Der kühn, der unaufhaltsam ist, der in seinem Bart versteckt ist, der seine Herrlichkeiten entfaltet, der Aufrüttler, vielgepriesen, an Willen wie ein Rind stark.
Grassmann
Der kühnen Muthes, ungehemmt zur Feindesschar gedrungen ist, Der vielgerühmte, allerschütternd, gross an Macht, an Kraft gewaltig wie ein Stier.
Elizarenkova
Кто дерзок, кто неудержим,
Кто носит бороду с усами,
Чей блеск великолепен, (кто) сотрясатель многопрославленный,
Силой духа могучий, словно бык…
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- निचृद्बृहती
- मध्यमः
07 कईं वेद - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
क᳓ ईं वेद सुते᳓ स᳓चा
पि᳓बन्तं क᳓द् व᳓यो दधे
अयं᳓ यः᳓ पु᳓रो विभिन᳓त्ति ओ᳓जसा
मन्दानः᳓ शिप्री᳓ अ᳓न्धसः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
क ईं॑ वेद सु॒ते सचा॒ पिब॑न्तं॒ कद्वयो॑ दधे ।
अ॒यं यः पुरो॑ विभि॒नत्त्योज॑सा मन्दा॒नः शि॒प्र्यन्ध॑सः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
क᳓ ईं वेद सुते᳓ स᳓चा
पि᳓बन्तं क᳓द् व᳓यो दधे
अयं᳓ यः᳓ पु᳓रो विभिन᳓त्ति ओ᳓जसा
मन्दानः᳓ शिप्री᳓ अ᳓न्धसः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
īm ← īm (invariable)
káḥ ← ká- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
sácā ← sácā (invariable)
suté ← √su- (root)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
veda ← √vid- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
dadhe ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
kát ← ká- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
píbantam ← √pā- 2 (root)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
váyaḥ ← váyas- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
ayám ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ójasā ← ójas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}
púraḥ ← púr- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
vibhinátti ← √bhid- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ándhasaḥ ← ándhas- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}
mandānáḥ ← √mand- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:AOR, voice:MED}
śiprī́ ← śiprín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
कः । ई॒म् । वे॒द॒ । सु॒ते । सचा॑ । पिब॑न्तम् । कत् । वयः॑ । द॒धे॒ ।
अ॒यम् । यः । पुरः॑ । वि॒ऽभि॒नत्ति॑ । ओज॑सा । म॒न्दा॒नः । शि॒प्री । अन्ध॑सः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- ka ← kaḥ ← ka
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “what; who; ka [pronoun].”
- īṃ ← īm ← īṃ
- [adverb]
- veda ← vid
- [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
- “know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
- sute ← su
- [verb noun], locative, singular
- “press out; su.”
- sacā
- [adverb]
- “jointly.”
- pibantaṃ ← pibantam ← pā
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”
- kad ← ka
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “what; who; ka [pronoun].”
- vayo ← vayaḥ ← vayas
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “age; vigor; old age; strength; vayas [word]; aging; power; youth; food.”
- dadhe ← dhā
- [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
- “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
- ayaṃ ← ayam ← idam
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- puro ← puras
- [adverb]
- “ahead; puras [word]; easterly; eastward; east; earlier.”
- vibhinatty ← vibhinatti ← vibhid ← √bhid
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “cleave; incise.”
- ojasā ← ojas
- [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
- “strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”
- mandānaḥ ← mad
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”
- śipry ← śiprī ← śiprin
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- andhasaḥ ← andhas
- [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
- “Soma; drink; amṛta.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
सुते अभिषुते सोमे सचा ऋत्विजा सह सोमं पिबन्तम् ईम् एनमिन्द्रं कः वेद वेत्ति । न कोऽपि वेत्तीत्यर्थः । कत् किं वा वयः अन्नं दधे धारयति । यः अयम् इन्द्रः शिप्री हनूमान् अन्धसः सोमेन मन्दानः मन्दमानः ओजसा बलेन पुरः विभिनत्ति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Who knows him drinking with (the priests) when the Soma is effused? What food has he partaken of?He, the handsome-jawed, who, exhilarated by the (sacrificial) Soma, destroys cities by his might.”
Jamison Brereton
Who recognizes him when he drinks when (the soma) is pressed? What vigor has he assumed?
This is the one who splits strongholds with strength, the belipped one getting exhilarated from the stalk.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The presupposition behind the questions of ab seems to be that Indra becomes so formidable when he drinks soma that he becomes unrecognizable.
Shape-shifting of heroes under such circumstances is widespread.
Griffith
Who knows what vital ower he wins, drinking beside the flowing juice?
This is the fair-checked God who, joying in the draught, breaks down the castles in his strength.
Geldner
Wer kennt ihn beim Soma, wenn er trinkt, welche Stärke er annimmt? Er ist es, der die Burgen mit Kraft zerspaltet, wenn er mit geöffneten Lippen sich am Saft berauscht.
Grassmann
Wer weiss es, wenn beim Somasaft er schwelget, welche Kraft er nimmt? Er, der die Burgen mit Gewalt in Stücke bricht, vom Trunk berauscht, der schlürfende.
Elizarenkova
Кто познал его у выжатого сомы,
Когда он пьет: какую силу он обретает?
Он (тот,) кто силой разбивает крепости.
Когда прекрасногубый опьяняется соком,
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- विराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
08 दाना मृगो - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
दाना᳓ मृगो᳓ न᳓ वारणः᳓
पुरुत्रा᳓ चर᳓थं दधे
न᳓किष् टुवा नि᳓ यमद् आ᳓ सुते᳓ गमो
महां᳓श् चरसि ओ᳓जसा
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
दा॒ना मृ॒गो न वा॑र॒णः पु॑रु॒त्रा च॒रथं॑ दधे ।
नकि॑ष्ट्वा॒ नि य॑म॒दा सु॒ते ग॑मो म॒हाँश्च॑र॒स्योज॑सा ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
दाना᳓ मृगो᳓ न᳓ वारणः᳓
पुरुत्रा᳓ चर᳓थं दधे
न᳓किष् टुवा नि᳓ यमद् आ᳓ सुते᳓ गमो
महां᳓श् चरसि ओ᳓जसा
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
dānā́ ← dāmán- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}
mr̥gáḥ ← mr̥gá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ná ← ná (invariable)
vāraṇáḥ ← vāraṇá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
carátham ← carátha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
dadhe ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
purutrā́ ← purutrā́ (invariable)
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
gamaḥ ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
nákiḥ ← nákiḥ (invariable)
ní ← ní (invariable)
suté ← √su- (root)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
tvā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}
yamat ← √yam- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
carasi ← √carⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
mahā́n ← mahā́nt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ójasā ← ójas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
दा॒ना । मृ॒गः । न । वा॒र॒णः । पु॒रु॒ऽत्रा । च॒रथ॑म् । द॒धे॒ ।
नकिः॑ । त्वा॒ । नि । य॒म॒त् । आ । सु॒ते । ग॒मः॒ । म॒हान् । च॒र॒सि॒ । ओज॑सा ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- dānā ← dāna
- [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
- “giving; gift; bribery; performance; addition; yajña; fueling; teaching.”
- mṛgo ← mṛgaḥ ← mṛga
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “game; deer; animal; antelope; mṛga [word]; Mṛgaśiras.”
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- vāraṇaḥ ← vāraṇa
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “elephant; elephant hook.”
- purutrā
- [adverb]
- “distributively.”
- carathaṃ ← caratham ← caratha
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- dadhe ← dhā
- [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
- “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
- nakiṣ ← nakir
- [adverb]
- “not.”
- ṭvā ← tvā ← tvad
- [noun], accusative, singular
- “you.”
- ni
- [adverb]
- “back; down.”
- yamad ← yamat ← yam
- [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- sute ← su
- [verb noun], locative, singular
- “press out; su.”
- gamo ← gamaḥ ← gam
- [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
- mahāṃś ← mahān ← mahat
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
- carasy ← carasi ← car
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”
- ojasā ← ojas
- [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
- “strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
मृगः शत्रूणामन्वेषकः वारणः गजः दाना मदजलानीव पुरुत्रा बहुषु यज्ञेषु चरथं चरणशीलं मदं दधे इन्द्रो धारयति । अथ प्रत्यक्षस्तुतिः । हे इन्द्र त्वा त्वां नकिः नि यमत् न कश्चिन्नियच्छति । सुते सोमे आ गमः आगच्छ । महान् हि त्वम् ओजसा बलेन सर्वतः चरसि ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“As a wild elephant emitting the dews of passion, he manifests his exhilaration in many plural ces; no onechecks you, (Indra), come to the libation; you are mighty, and goes (everywhere) through your strength.”
Jamison Brereton
Like a wild elephant he has established his wandering [=his territory] in many places, through his giving.
No one will restrain you; you will come here to the pressed (soma);
great, you wander about in your strength.
Jamison Brereton Notes
I think the idea behind the simile is that elephants establish a large territory in which they wander, and that Indra has established a similarly large territory by giving to sacrificers scattered all over the map. Geldner’s “mit seinem Bruntsaft” (‘rutting liquid’) stems from an idea of Pischel’s (see Oldenberg, Kl. Sch 306) connecting this passage with the later (Epic+ dāna- meaning elephant’s rutting liquid [see EWA s.v. dāná-]). This seems unlikely and it is hard to see how simile and frame would work together.
I have toyed with another possibility that remains tantalizingly hard to realize: dānā́may indeed be a pun, but a different one: an instrumental both to dānā́, as it’s taken here, and also to dāmán- ‘rope’ (whose inst. is indeed regularly dānā́). In this second reading ná would be ‘not’, not ‘like’, and vāraṇáḥ would be some derivative of √vṛ ‘hold back, restrain’ in addition to ‘wild’. The meaning of the second reading would be “a beast not (to be) restrained by a rope,” in addition to “Like a wild elephant … by his giving.” The second reading would harmonize with 6a, 10b ávṛtaḥ ‘unobstructable’ and be paraphrased by the next pāda in its own verse, 8c nákiṣ ṭvā ní yamat “No one will restrain you.” However, I have been unable to find a way to make vāraṇá- a plausible form of √vṛ in the correct sense and so have not pursued this possibility further.
Griffith
As a wild elephant rushes on this way and that way, mad with heat,’
None may compel thee, yet come hither to the draught: thou movest mighty in thy power.
Geldner
Mit seiner Gabe schuf er Regsamkeit an vielen Orten, wie ein wilder Elefant mit seinem Brunstsaft. Niemand soll dich aufhalten. Komm zum Soma; du wandelst groß an Stärke!
Grassmann
Zum Schmause wie ein starkes Wild nimmt hier und dort hin er den Lauf; Dich hindre niemand, komme zu dem Somasaft, du grosser, schreitest vor mit Macht.
Elizarenkova
Опасный, как дикий зверь, (своим) дарением
Он вызвал движение во многих местах.
Никто тебя не удержит! Приходи к выжатому (соме)!
Великий, ты странствуешь со (своею) силой.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- विराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
09 य उग्रः - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
य᳓ उग्रः᳓ स᳓न्न् अ᳓निष्टृत
स्थिरो᳓ र᳓णाय सं᳓स्कृतः
य᳓दि स्तोतु᳓र् मघ᳓वा शृण᳓वद् ध᳓वं
ने᳓न्द्रो योषति आ᳓ गमत्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
य उ॒ग्रः सन्ननि॑ष्टृतः स्थि॒रो रणा॑य॒ संस्कृ॑तः ।
यदि॑ स्तो॒तुर्म॒घवा॑ शृ॒णव॒द्धवं॒ नेन्द्रो॑ योष॒त्या ग॑मत् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
य᳓ उग्रः᳓ स᳓न्न् अ᳓निष्टृत
स्थिरो᳓ र᳓णाय सं᳓स्कृतः
य᳓दि स्तोतु᳓र् मघ᳓वा शृण᳓वद् ध᳓वं
ने᳓न्द्रो योषति आ᳓ गमत्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ániṣṭr̥ta ← ániṣṭr̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
sán ← √as- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
ugráḥ ← ugrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ráṇāya ← ráṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
sáṁskr̥taḥ ← √kr̥- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
sthiráḥ ← sthirá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
hávam ← háva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
maghávā ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
śr̥ṇávat ← √śru- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
stotúḥ ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
yádi ← yádi (invariable)
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
gamat ← √gam- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ná ← ná (invariable)
yoṣati ← √yu- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
पद-पाठः
यः । उ॒ग्रः । सन् । अनि॑ऽस्तृतः । स्थि॒रः । रणा॑य । संस्कृ॑तः ।
यदि॑ । स्तो॒तुः । म॒घऽवा॑ । शृ॒णव॑त् । हव॑म् । न । इन्द्रः॑ । यो॒ष॒ति॒ । आ । ग॒म॒त् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- ya ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- ugraḥ ← ugra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”
- sann ← san ← as
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- aniṣṭṛta ← a
- [adverb]
- “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
- aniṣṭṛta ← niṣṭṛta ← nistṛ ← √stṛ
- [verb noun], vocative, singular
- sthiro ← sthiraḥ ← sthira
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “firm; hard; lasting; calm; stable; immovable; firm; strong; sthira [word]; vegetable; potent; steadfast; durable; firm; trustworthy; trustworthy; diligent.”
- raṇāya ← raṇa
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “battle; fight; pleasure; joy; war; combat.”
- saṃskṛtaḥ ← saṃskṛ ← √kṛ
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “prepare; prepare; consecrate; perfect; marry; perfect; process.”
- yadi
- [adverb]
- “if; in case.”
- stotur ← stotuḥ ← stotṛ
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “laudatory; worshiping.”
- maghavā ← maghavan
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “big.”
- śṛṇavaddhavaṃ ← śṛṇavat ← śru
- [verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
- “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”
- śṛṇavaddhavaṃ ← havam ← hava
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “invocation.”
- nendro ← na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- nendro ← indraḥ ← indra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- yoṣaty ← yoṣati ← yu
- [verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
- “keep away; separate; ward off.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- gamat ← gam
- [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
यः उग्रः उद्गूर्ण ओजस्वी वा सन् भवन् अनिष्टृतः शत्रुभिरनिस्तीर्णः स्थिरः अचलः रणाय युद्धाय संस्कृतः शस्त्रैरलंकृतः सोमैर्वा संस्कृतः सः इन्द्रः मघवा धनवान् यदि स्तोतुः हवम् आह्वानं शृणवत् शृणोति तर्ह्यन्यत्र न योषति न गच्छति । किंतु आ गमत् तत्रैवागच्छति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“He who is fierce, unmoved (by foes) and firm, ready equipped for battle– if Maghavan hears theinvocation of his adorer, he will not go apart (from us) but come here.”
Jamison Brereton
Though being strong, unprostratable, steadfast, perfected for battle, if the bounteous one will hear the call of a praiser, Indra will not stay away. He will come here.
Jamison Brereton Notes
At first glance it is hard to find a concessive sense for the pres. part. sán in pāda a, despite its usual value. Indeed Geldner takes ab as an independent nominal clause and begins a new sentence in c. However, the idea may be that although Indra is very tough and primed for battle, he’ll drop everything and come when we call him to the sacrifice.
The sense ‘perfected’ for sáṃskṛta- may be anachronistic; if so, ‘entirely readied’ or the like can substitute.
Griffith
When he, the Mighty, ne’er o’erthrown, steadfast, made ready for the fight,
When Indra Maghavan lists to his praiser’s call, he will not stand aloof, but come.
Geldner
Der gewaltig, nicht zu Boden gestreckt, standhaft, zum Kampfe gerüstet ist. - Wenn der Gabenreiche des Sängers Ruf hören sollte, dann möge Indra nicht fernbleiben: er soll herkommen!
Grassmann
Wenn zu der Schlacht gerüstet er, der starke, nie gestürzte Held, Der mächt’ge Indra auf des Sängers Rufen hört, dann säumt er nicht, dann kommt er her.
Elizarenkova
Кто, будучи грозным, не повергнут ниц,
Стоек, готов на битву…
Если щедрый услышит зов восхвалителя.
Индра не останется в стороне – он придет.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- निचृद्बृहती
- मध्यमः
10 सत्यमित्था वृषेदसि - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
सत्य᳓म् इत्था᳓ वृ᳓षे᳓द् असि
वृ᳓षजूतिर् नो अ᳓वृतः
वृ᳓षा हि᳓ उग्र शृण्विषे᳓ पराव᳓ति
वृ᳓षो अर्वाव᳓ति श्रुतः᳓
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
स॒त्यमि॒त्था वृषेद॑सि॒ वृष॑जूति॒र्नोऽवृ॑तः ।
वृषा॒ ह्यु॑ग्र शृण्वि॒षे प॑रा॒वति॒ वृषो॑ अर्वा॒वति॑ श्रु॒तः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
सत्य᳓म् इत्था᳓ वृ᳓षे᳓द् असि
वृ᳓षजूतिर् नो अ᳓वृतः
वृ᳓षा हि᳓ उग्र शृण्विषे᳓ पराव᳓ति
वृ᳓षो अर्वाव᳓ति श्रुतः᳓
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
asi ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
ít ← ít (invariable)
itthā́ ← itthā́ (invariable)
satyám ← satyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ávr̥taḥ ← ávr̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
vŕ̥ṣajūtiḥ ← vŕ̥ṣajūti- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
hí ← hí (invariable)
parāváti ← parāvát- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:SG}
śr̥ṇviṣé ← √śru- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
ugra ← ugrá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
arvāváti ← arvāvát- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:SG}
śrutáḥ ← √śru- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
u ← u (invariable)
vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
स॒त्यम् । इ॒त्था । वृषा॑ । इत् । अ॒सि॒ । वृष॑ऽजूतिः । नः॒ । अवृ॑तः ।
वृषा॑ । हि । उ॒ग्र॒ । शृ॒ण्वि॒षे । प॒रा॒ऽवति॑ । वृषो॒ इति॑ । अ॒र्वा॒ऽवति॑ । श्रु॒तः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- satyam ← satya
- [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
- “truth; oath; satya [word]; promise.”
- itthā
- [adverb]
- “thus; here.”
- vṛṣed ← vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- vṛṣed ← id
- [adverb]
- “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
- asi ← as
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- vṛṣajūtir ← vṛṣa
- [noun], masculine
- “bull; vṛṣa [word]; vṛṣ; Justicia gendarussa Burm.F.; bull; Taurus; bull.”
- vṛṣajūtir ← jūtiḥ ← jūti
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “jūti [word].”
- no ← naḥ ← mad
- [noun], genitive, plural
- “I; mine.”
- ‘vṛtaḥ ← a
- [adverb]
- “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
- ‘vṛtaḥ ← vṛtaḥ ← vṛ
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
- vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- hy ← hi
- [adverb]
- “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
- ugra
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”
- śṛṇviṣe ← śru
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”
- parāvati ← parāvat
- [noun], locative, singular, feminine
- “distance; distance; distance.”
- vṛṣo ← vṛṣaḥ ← vṛṣa
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bull; vṛṣa [word]; vṛṣ; Justicia gendarussa Burm.F.; bull; Taurus; bull.”
- arvāvati ← arvāvat
- [noun], locative, singular, feminine
- śrutaḥ ← śru
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे उग्र उद्गूर्णेन्द्र त्वं सत्यम् इत्था इत्थं वृषेत् कामानां वर्षक एव असि । वृषजूतिः वृषभिश्चाकृष्टः नः अस्माकम् अवृतः शत्रुभिरपरिवृतश्चासि । वृषा हि सेचक एव शृण्विषे श्रूयसे । परावति दूरेऽपि वृषैव अर्वावति समीपेऽपि वृषा सेचक एव श्रुतः वृषैवाश्रूयथाः ॥ ॥८॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Verily (Indra), in this manner you are the showerer (of benefits), brought by vigorous (steeds) to us,unresisted (by foes); fierce (Indra), you are celebrated as a showerer (of benefits) when afar; you are celebratedas a showerer (of benefits) when near.”
Jamison Brereton
This is truly so: you alone are the bull for us, with the speed of a bull, unobstructable—
for as a bull, strong one, you are famed in the distance, as a bull famed nearby.
Griffith
Yea, verily, thou art a Bull, with a bull’s rush. whom none may stay:
Thou Mighty One, art celebrated as a Bull, famed as a Bull both near and far.
Geldner
Wahrhaftig, so ist es: Du bist uns der Bulle mit Bullensprungkraft, unaufhaltsam, denn du Gewaltiger bist als Bulle in der Ferne berühmt und als Bulle in der Nähe berühmt.
Grassmann
Du wahrlich bist ein rechter Stier, mit Stieres Andrang, ungehemmt, Als Stier, o starker, rühmt man in der Ferne dich, als Stier auch in der Nähe dich.
Elizarenkova
Ты и правда, в самом деле, бык,
С бычьим порывом, неудержимый для нас.
Ведь быком, о грозный, ты слывешь вдалеке,
Как бык известен вблизи.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- विराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
11 वृषणस्ते अभीशवो - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
वृ᳓षणस् ते अभी᳓शवो
वृ᳓षा क᳓शा हिरण्य᳓यी
वृ᳓षा र᳓थो मघवन् वृ᳓षणा ह᳓री
वृ᳓षा तुवं᳓ शतक्रतो
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
वृष॑णस्ते अ॒भीश॑वो॒ वृषा॒ कशा॑ हिर॒ण्ययी॑ ।
वृषा॒ रथो॑ मघव॒न्वृष॑णा॒ हरी॒ वृषा॒ त्वं श॑तक्रतो ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
वृ᳓षणस् ते अभी᳓शवो
वृ᳓षा क᳓शा हिरण्य᳓यी
वृ᳓षा र᳓थो मघवन् वृ᳓षणा ह᳓री
वृ᳓षा तुवं᳓ शतक्रतो
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
Morph
abhī́śavaḥ ← abhī́śu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣaṇaḥ ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
hiraṇyáyī ← hiraṇyáya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
káśā ← káśā- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
hárī ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
maghavan ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
ráthaḥ ← rátha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣaṇā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
śatakrato ← śatákratu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
वृष॑णः । ते॒ । अ॒भीश॑वः । वृषा॑ । कशा॑ । हि॒र॒ण्ययी॑ ।
वृषा॑ । रथः॑ । म॒घ॒ऽव॒न् । वृष॑णा । हरी॒ इति॑ । वृषा॑ । त्वम् । श॒त॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ शतऽक्रतो ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- vṛṣaṇas ← vṛṣaṇaḥ ← vṛṣaṇa
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “testis; fruit.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- abhīśavo ← abhīśavaḥ ← abhīśu
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “beam; rein.”
- vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- kaśā
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “whip.”
- hiraṇyayī ← hiraṇyaya
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “gold; aureate; hiraṇyaya [word].”
- vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- ratho ← rathaḥ ← ratha
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
- maghavan
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; maghavan [word].”
- vṛṣaṇā ← vṛṣan
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- harī ← hari
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”
- vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- tvaṃ ← tvam ← tvad
- [noun], nominative, singular
- “you.”
- śatakrato ← śatakratu
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे मघवन् ते तव अभीशवः रश्मयोऽश्वरशनाः वृषणः वर्षितारः । हिरण्ययी हिरण्मयी कशा अपि वृषा । रथः अपि वृषा वर्षिता । हरी अश्वावपि वृषणा वृषणौ वर्षितारौ । हे शतक्रतो बहुप्रज्ञेन्द्र त्वं च वृषा वर्षिता ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Showerers (of benefits) are your reins, such also is your golden whip, your chariot, Maghavan, is ashowerer (of benefits), so are your two horses; and you, too, Śatakratu, are the showerer (of benefits).”
Jamison Brereton
Bullish are your reins, bullish your golden whip;
bullish is your chariot, bounteous one, bullish your two fallow bays; a bull are you of a hundred resolves.
Griffith
Thy reins are very bulls in strength, bulls’ strength is in thy golden whip.
Thy car, O Maghavan, thy Bays are strong as bulls: thou, Satakratu, art a Bull.
Geldner
Bullenhaft sind deine Zügel, bullenhaft die goldene Peitsche, bullenhaft der Wagen, o Gabenreicher, bullenhaft das Falbenpaar, bullengleich bist du, Ratreicher.
Grassmann
Und Stiere sind die Zügel dein, ein Stier die goldne Peitsche dir, Ein Stier dein Wagen, Stiere deine Füchse, Held, ein Stier du selbst, gewaltiger.
Elizarenkova
Быки – твои поводья,
Бык – золотой кнут,
Бык – колесница, о щедрый, быки – пара буланых коней,
Бык – ты (сам), о стоумный.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- निचृद्बृहती
- मध्यमः
12 वृषा सोता - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
वृ᳓षा सो᳓ता सुनोतु ते
वृ᳓षन्न् ऋजीपिन् आ᳓ भर
वृ᳓षा दधन्वे वृ᳓षणं नदी᳓षु आ᳓
तु᳓भ्यं स्थातर् हरीणा᳐म्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
वृषा॒ सोता॑ सुनोतु ते॒ वृष॑न्नृजीपि॒न्ना भ॑र ।
वृषा॑ दधन्वे॒ वृष॑णं न॒दीष्वा तुभ्यं॑ स्थातर्हरीणाम् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
वृ᳓षा सो᳓ता सुनोतु ते
वृ᳓षन्न् ऋजीपिन् आ᳓ भर
वृ᳓षा दधन्वे वृ᳓षणं नदी᳓षु आ᳓
तु᳓भ्यं स्थातर् हरीणा᳐म्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
sótā ← sótar- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
sunotu ← √su- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
bhara ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
r̥jīpin ← r̥jīpín- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣan ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
dadhanve ← √dhanv- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:MED}
nadī́ṣu ← nadī́- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}
vŕ̥ṣā ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣaṇam ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
harīṇām ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}
sthātar ← sthā́tar- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
túbhyam ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
वृषा॑ । सोता॑ । सु॒नो॒तु॒ । ते॒ । वृष॑न् । ऋ॒जी॒पि॒न् । आ । भ॒र॒ ।
वृषा॑ । द॒ध॒न्वे॒ । वृष॑णम् । न॒दीषु॑ । आ । तुभ्य॑म् । स्था॒तः॒ । ह॒री॒णा॒म् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- sotā ← sotṛ
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- sunotu ← su
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “press out; su.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], dative, singular
- “you.”
- vṛṣann ← vṛṣan
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- ṛjīpinn ← ṛjīpin
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- bhara ← bhṛ
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
- vṛṣā ← vṛṣan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- dadhanve ← dhanv
- [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
- “run.”
- vṛṣaṇaṃ ← vṛṣaṇam ← vṛṣan
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- nadīṣv ← nadīṣu ← nadī
- [noun], locative, plural, feminine
- “river; nadī; nadī [word]; Premna spinosa Roxb..”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- tubhyaṃ ← tubhyam ← tvad
- [noun], dative, singular
- “you.”
- sthātar ← sthātṛ
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “driver.”
- harīṇām ← hari
- [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
- “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे वृषन् वर्षितरिन्द्र ते तव सोता अभिषवकर्ता वृषा वर्षिता सन् सुनोतु सोममभिषुणोतु । हे ऋजीपिन् ऋजुगमनेन्द्र आ भर धनमस्मभ्यमाहर । हरीणाम् अश्वानाम् आ आभिमुख्येन हे स्थातः इन्द्र तुभ्यं नदीषु उदकेषु वृषणं वर्षितारं सोमं वृषा वर्षिता दधन्वे धारितवानभिषवार्थम् ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Showerer (of benefits), may the offerer of the libation to you effuse the Soma as a showerer;straight-going (Indra), bring (us wealth); arrester of your horses, the showerer (of the oblation) has prepared thebountiful Soma to be mixed with the waters for you.”
Jamison Brereton
Let the bullish presser press for you; o bull, flying straight—bring (prizes) here.
The bull has run to the bull in the waters. It [=soma] is for you, o
mounter of the fallow bays.
Jamison Brereton Notes
On ṛjīpin see comm. ad IV.26.6.
“In the waters” in the published translation should be corrected to “in the rivers.” Geldner and Kümmel (256) take dadhanve as transitive (Geldner “… liess … laufen,” Kümmel “… hat laufenlassen…”), but the other examples of this medial perfect are intransitive (VIII.19.1, also taken by Kümmel as transitive, can be interpreted in the same way as this one), and the accusative can easily be a goal.
Griffith
Let the strong presser press for thee. Bring hither, thou straight-rushing Bull.
The mighty makes the mighty run in flowing streams for thee whom thy Bay Horses bear.
Geldner
Bullenstark soll dir der Pressende den Soma pressen; du vorausstürmender Bulle, bring Schätze her! Der Bulle ließ den Bullen in die Flüsse laufen für dich, Lenker der Falben.
Grassmann
Der Presser presse dir, ein Stier, vordringend bringe Gut, o Stier, Es rinnt der Stier in Strömen zu dem Stiere hin, zu dir, der du die Füchse lenkst.
Elizarenkova
Бык – выжимальщик пусть выжмет тебе (сому)?
О бык, бросающийся вперед, принеси (богатство)!
Бык послал бежать быка по рекам
Для тебя, о правящий парой буланых коней.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- विराड्बृहती
- मध्यमः
13 एन्द्र याहि - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
आ᳓ इन्द्र याहि पीत᳓ये
म᳓धु शविष्ठ सोमिय᳓म्
ना᳓य᳓म् अ᳓छा मघ᳓वा शृण᳓वद् गि᳓रो
ब्र᳓ह्म उक्था᳓ च सुक्र᳓तुः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
एन्द्र॑ याहि पी॒तये॒ मधु॑ शविष्ठ सो॒म्यम् ।
नायमच्छा॑ म॒घवा॑ शृ॒णव॒द्गिरो॒ ब्रह्मो॒क्था च॑ सु॒क्रतुः॑ ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
आ᳓ इन्द्र याहि पीत᳓ये
म᳓धु शविष्ठ सोमिय᳓म्
ना᳓य᳓म् अ᳓छा मघ᳓वा शृण᳓वद् गि᳓रो
ब्र᳓ह्म उक्था᳓ च सुक्र᳓तुः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
indra ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
pītáye ← pītí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}
yāhi ← √yā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
mádhu ← mádhu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}
śaviṣṭha ← śáviṣṭha- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
somyám ← somyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
ácha ← ácha (invariable)
gíraḥ ← gír- ~ gīr- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
maghávā ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
nā́yám? ← nā́yám? (invariable)
śr̥ṇávat ← √śru- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
bráhma ← bráhman- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
ca ← ca (invariable)
sukrátuḥ ← sukrátu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ukthā́ ← ukthá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}
पद-पाठः
आ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । या॒हि॒ । पी॒तये॑ । मधु॑ । श॒वि॒ष्ठ॒ । सो॒म्यम् ।
न । अ॒यम् । अच्छ॑ । म॒घऽवा॑ । शृ॒णव॑त् । गिरः॑ । ब्रह्म॑ । उ॒क्था । च॒ । सु॒ऽक्रतुः॑ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- endra ← ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- endra ← indra
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- yāhi ← yā
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
- pītaye ← pā
- [verb noun]
- “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”
- madhu
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
- śaviṣṭha
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “mighty.”
- somyam ← somya
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “saumya.”
- nāyam ← na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- nāyam ← ayam ← idam
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
- acchā
- [adverb]
- “towards; accha [prefix].”
- maghavā ← maghavan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; maghavan [word].”
- śṛṇavad ← śṛṇavat ← śru
- [verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
- “listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”
- giro ← giraḥ ← gir
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”
- brahmokthā ← brahma ← brahman
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”
- brahmokthā ← ukthā ← uktha
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “hymn; praise; uktha [word]; encomium.”
- ca
- [adverb]
- “and; besides; then; now; even.”
- sukratuḥ ← su
- [adverb]
- “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
- sukratuḥ ← kratuḥ ← kratu
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे शविष्ठ बलवत्तम इन्द्र सोम्यं सोमात्मकं मधु अमृतं पीतये पानाय आ याहि आगच्छ । किमर्थमागमनमित्यत आह । यत आगमनमन्तरेण मघवा धनवान् सुक्रतुः सुकर्मा शोभनप्रज्ञो वा अयम् इन्द्रः गिरः स्तुतीः ब्रह्म स्तोत्राण्युक्थानि च न अच्छ, शृणवत् नाभिशृणोति । अत आगमनमित्यर्थः ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Come, most powerful Indra, to drink of the Soma ambrosia, (for without coming) this Maghavan, theachiever of many exploits, hears not our praises, our chants, our hymns.”
Jamison Brereton
Drive here, most powerful Indra, to drink the somian honey;
as bounteous one, (drive) on your own to the landing site. He of
good resolve will listen to the songs, the sacred formulations, and the
hymns.
Jamison Brereton Notes
On nā́yám see VIII.2.28. After my reexamination of the evidence (Hock Fs., 2013) I would now rephrase the translation of the first three pādas as “Drive here, most powerful Indra, to the somian honey to drink it, as bounteous one, all on your own,” eliminating “to the landing site” and construing áchā with mádhu … somyám in the preceding pāda.
A new clause begins with śṛṇávat in the middle of c. Geldner takes all of cd together, but the accentuation of śṛṇávat is unexplained in this interpretation.
Moreover áchā is not otherwise found with √śru but is common with √yā.
Griffith
Come, thou most potent Indra, come to drink the savoury Soma juice.
Maghavan, very wise, will quickly come to hear the songs, the prayer, the hymns of praise.
Geldner
Komm, Indra, um den somischen Süßtrank zu trinken, Mächtiger! Er soll in eigener Person herhören, der Gabenreiche, auf die Lobreden, die Erbauung und auf die Loblieder, der Ratreiche.
Grassmann
O Indra, komm zu trinken her den süssen Soma, kräftigster, Es höre diese Lieder an der mächtige, und Sprüche, er der tüchtige.
Elizarenkova
О Индра, приходи пить
Сладость сомы, о самый сильный!
Не (только) здесь пусть щедрый прислушивается к хвалебным песням,
Священным словам и гимнам, (бог) с прекрасной силой духа!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- आर्चीभुरिग्बृहती
- मध्यमः
14 वहन्तु त्वा - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
व᳓हन्तु त्वा रथेष्ठा᳐᳓म्
आ᳓ ह᳓रयो रथयु᳓जः
तिर᳓श् चिद् अर्यं᳓ स᳓वनानि वृत्रहन्न्
अन्ये᳓षां या᳓ शतक्रतो
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
वह॑न्तु त्वा रथे॒ष्ठामा हर॑यो रथ॒युजः॑ ।
ति॒रश्चि॑द॒र्यं सव॑नानि वृत्रहन्न॒न्येषां॒ या श॑तक्रतो ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
व᳓हन्तु त्वा रथेष्ठा᳐᳓म्
आ᳓ ह᳓रयो रथयु᳓जः
तिर᳓श् चिद् अर्यं᳓ स᳓वनानि वृत्रहन्न्
अन्ये᳓षां या᳓ शतक्रतो
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ratheṣṭhā́m ← ratheṣṭhā́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
tvā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}
váhantu ← √vah- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
hárayaḥ ← hári- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
rathayújaḥ ← rathayúj- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
aryám ← aryá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
cit ← cit (invariable)
sávanāni ← sávana- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
tirás ← tirás (invariable)
vr̥trahan ← vr̥trahán- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
anyéṣām ← anyá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}
śatakrato ← śatákratu- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
yā́ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
पद-पाठः
वह॑न्तु । त्वा॒ । र॒थे॒ऽस्थाम् । आ । हर॑यः । र॒थ॒ऽयुजः॑ ।
ति॒रः । चि॒त् । अ॒र्यम् । सव॑नानि । वृ॒त्र॒ऽह॒न् । अ॒न्येषा॑म् । या । श॒त॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ शतऽक्रतो ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- vahantu ← vah
- [verb], plural, Present imperative
- “transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
- tvā ← tvad
- [noun], accusative, singular
- “you.”
- ratheṣṭhām ← ratheṣṭhā
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- harayo ← harayaḥ ← hari
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “Vishnu; monkey; Krishna; horse; lion; Indra; Hari; Surya; Hari; haritāla; Hari; snake; frog.”
- rathayujaḥ ← ratha
- [noun], masculine
- “chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
- rathayujaḥ ← yujaḥ ← yuj
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “ally; friend; pair; two; companion.”
- tiraś ← tiras
- [adverb]
- “tiras [word]; away; secretly.”
- cid ← cit
- [adverb]
- “even; indeed.”
- aryaṃ ← aryam ← ari
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- savanāni ← savana
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”
- vṛtrahann ← vṛtrahan
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra.”
- anyeṣāṃ ← anyeṣām ← anya
- [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
- “other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”
- yā ← yad
- [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- śatakrato ← śatakratu
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “Indra.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे वृत्रहन् शतक्रतो बहुप्रज्ञ रथेष्ठां रथस्थम् अर्यम् ईश्वरं त्वा त्वां रथयुजः रथे युक्ताः हरयः अश्वाः अन्येषां या यानि सवनानि सन्ति तानि तिरः तिरस्कुर्वन्तः सवनानि अस्मदीयानि सवनानि आ वहन्तु ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Śatakratu, slayer of Vṛtra, let your horses, yoked to your car, bring you, the lord, riding in your chariot,(to our sacrifices), avoiding those sacrifices (offered) by others.”
Jamison Brereton
You who bestride the chariot—let the fallow bays, yoked to the chariot, convey you hither,
even across what belongs to the stranger, across the pressings that
belong to others, you Vr̥tra-smasher of a hundred resolves.
Griffith
When thou hast mounted on thy car let thy yoked Bay Steeds carry thee,
Past other men’s libations, Lord of Hundred Powers, thee, Vrtra-slayer, thee our Friend.
Geldner
Es sollen dich, den Wagensteher, die an den Wagen geschirrten Falben herfahren, vorbei sogar an dem hohen Herrn, an den Trankspenden, die anderen gehören, o Vritratöter, Ratreicher!
Grassmann
Dich, Wagenlenker, fahre her die angeschirrte Füchseschar, Vorüber an den Somaspenden anderer, der treu du bist, vielwirkender.
Elizarenkova
Пусть привезут тебя, стоящего на колеснице,
Буланые кони, запряженные в колесницу,
Мимо чужого (властелина), мимо выжимании (сомы),
Которые принадлежат другим, о убийца Вритры, о стоумный!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- निचृद्बृहती
- मध्यमः
15 अस्माकमद्यान्तमं स्तोमम् - बृहती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
अस्मा᳓कम् अद्य᳓ अ᳓न्तमं
स्तो᳓मं धिष्व महामह
अस्मा᳓कं ते स᳓वना सन्तु शं᳓तमा
म᳓दाय द्युक्ष सोमपाः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
अ॒स्माक॑म॒द्यान्त॑मं॒ स्तोमं॑ धिष्व महामह ।
अ॒स्माकं॑ ते॒ सव॑ना सन्तु॒ शन्त॑मा॒ मदा॑य द्युक्ष सोमपाः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - बृहती
Thomson & Solcum
अस्मा᳓कम् अद्य᳓ अ᳓न्तमं
स्तो᳓मं धिष्व महामह
अस्मा᳓कं ते स᳓वना सन्तु शं᳓तमा
म᳓दाय द्युक्ष सोमपाः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Strophic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
adyá ← adyá (invariable)
ántamam ← ántama- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
asmā́kam ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:PL}
dhiṣva ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:MED}
mahāmaha ← mahāmahá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
stómam ← stóma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
asmā́kam ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:PL}
śáṁtamā ← śáṁtama- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
santu ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
sávanā ← sávana- 1 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
dyukṣa ← dyukṣá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
mádāya ← máda- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
somapāḥ ← somapā́- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
अ॒स्माक॑म् । अ॒द्य । अन्त॑मम् । स्तोम॑म् । धि॒ष्व॒ । म॒हा॒ऽम॒ह॒ ।
अ॒स्माक॑म् । ते॒ । सव॑ना । स॒न्तु॒ । शम्ऽत॑मा । मदा॑य । द्यु॒क्ष॒ । सो॒म॒ऽपाः॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- asmākam ← mad
- [noun], genitive, plural
- “I; mine.”
- adyāntamaṃ ← adya
- [adverb]
- “now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”
- adyāntamaṃ ← antamam ← antama
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “intimate; bosom(a).”
- stomaṃ ← stomam ← stoma
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”
- dhiṣva ← dhā
- [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
- “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
- mahāmaha ← mahā ← mahat
- [noun]
- “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
- mahāmaha ← maha
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “great; abundant.”
- asmākaṃ ← asmākam ← mad
- [noun], genitive, plural
- “I; mine.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], dative, singular
- “you.”
- savanā ← savana
- [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
- “yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”
- santu ← as
- [verb], plural, Present imperative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
- śantamā ← śaṃtama
- [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
- “beneficent.”
- madāya ← mada
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”
- dyukṣa
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “celestial; divine; divine; brilliant.”
- somapāḥ ← soma
- [noun], masculine
- “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
- somapāḥ ← pāḥ ← pā
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “drinking.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे महामह महतामपि महन् महापूज वा अद्य अन्तमम् अन्तिकतमम् अस्माकं मेध्यातिथीनां स्तोमं धिष्व धारय । हे द्युक्ष दीप्त सोमपाः सोमस्य पातरिन्द्र ते तव मदाय मदार्थं सवना सवनानि अस्माकं शंतमा शंतमानि सुखतमानि सन्तु भवन्तु ॥ ॥ ९ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Greatest of the great, brilliant drinker of the Soma, accept today this our present praise; may oursacrifices be most sucessful in exciting your exhilaration.”
Jamison Brereton
Set our praise today nearest to yourself, you greatly great one;
let our pressings be most availing to you for exhilaration, you
heaven-ruling soma-drinker.
Griffith
O thou Most Lofty One, accept our laud as nearest to thine heart.
May our libations be most sweet to make thee glad, O Soma-drinker, Heavenly Lord.
Geldner
Unser Loblied laß dir heute recht nahe gehen, Großmächtiger! Unsere Trankspenden sollen dir die zusagendsten sein, zum Rausche, du himmlischer Somatrinker!
Grassmann
Nimm unsern liebsten Lobgesang, o mächtig grosser, heute an; Zum Rausche soll dir unser Trank der liebste sein, o Somatrinker, himmlischer.
Elizarenkova
Наше восхваление сегодня сделай себе
Самым близким, о (ты) очень великий!
Наши выжимания (сомы) пусть будут тебе самыми благодатными!
Опьяняйся, о любитель пить сому, живущий на небе!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- निचृद्बृहती
- मध्यमः
16 नहि षस्तव - गायत्री
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
नहि᳓ ष᳓स् त᳓व नो᳓ म᳓म
शास्त्रे᳓ अन्य᳓स्य र᳓ण्यति
यो᳓ अस्मा᳓न् वीर᳓ आ᳓नयत्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
न॒हि षस्तव॒ नो मम॑ शा॒स्त्रे अ॒न्यस्य॒ रण्य॑ति ।
यो अ॒स्मान्वी॒र आन॑यत् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - गायत्री
Thomson & Solcum
नहि᳓ ष᳓स् त᳓व नो᳓ म᳓म
शास्त्रे᳓ अन्य᳓स्य र᳓ण्यति
यो᳓ अस्मा᳓न् वीर᳓ आ᳓नयत्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Popular for linguistic reasons, and possibly also for non-linguistic reasons
Pāda-label
popular
popular
popular
Morph
máma ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:SG}
ná ← ná (invariable)
nahí ← nahí (invariable)
sáḥ ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
táva ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, number:SG}
u ← u (invariable)
anyásya ← anyá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
ráṇyati ← √ranⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
śāstré ← śāstrá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
ánayat ← √nī- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}
asmā́n ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
vīráḥ ← vīrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
न॒हि । सः । तव॑ । नः॒ । मम॑ । शा॒स्त्रे । अ॒न्यस्य॑ । रण्य॑ति ।
यः । अ॒स्मान् । वी॒रः । आ । अन॑यत् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- nahi
- [adverb]
- ṣas ← sa ← tad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- tava ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- no ← na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- no ← u
- [adverb]
- “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
- mama ← mad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “I; mine.”
- śāstre ← śāstra
- [noun], locative, singular, neuter
- “Śāstra; treatise; science; command.”
- anyasya ← anya
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”
- raṇyati ← ran
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “rejoice.”
- yo ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- asmān ← mad
- [noun], accusative, plural
- “I; mine.”
- vīra ← vīraḥ ← vīra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”
- ānayat ← ānī ← √nī
- [verb], singular, Imperfect
- “bring; pull; take; collect; give; return; withdraw; extract.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
यः वीरः शूरः अस्मान् आनयत् सः इन्द्रः तव शास्त्रे शासने नहि रण्यति न रमते । मम अपि शास्त्रे शासने नो रण्यति । अन्यस्य अपि शासने न रण्यति । किंतु रक्षण एव रमत इत्यर्थः । ।
Wilson
English translation:
“The hero (Indra) who has (ever) guided us delights not in your punishment, nor in mine; nor in that ofany other.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Śāsatra = śāsana, governing or punishing; kintu rakṣaṇa eva ramate; he, Indra, delights only inprotecting or preserving
Jamison Brereton
[Poet:] He finds no pleasure in the instruction of you or me, (but only in that) of the other one [=Indra],
the hero who led us hither.
Jamison Brereton Notes
I take the disgruntled speaker to be the poet and the subject of ráṇyati to be a rival ritualist, who has accepted the new doctrine. The “you or me” of pāda a is rather like the English expression “the likes of you and me,” meaning “ordinary people.” I take the nahí … nó (= ná u) as having domain only over táva and máma, not the anyásya of pāda b. By my rules (Jamison 1997) anyá- in this position should be definite (not Geldner’s indefinite “oder eines anderen…”), and I take its referent to be Indra. The referent of the yáḥ in the rel. clause in c I again take to be Indra (that is, anyásya), rather than the subject of ráṇyati, as Geldner does. The designation vīrá- is of course regularly applied to Indra, and “led us here” can refer both to Indra’s leadership in the acquisition of new territory and to his role in introducing the ritual innovation. And Indra starts off the next verse.
16-19 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
As discussed in the published introduction, in my view this strange pendant to the hymn is an oblique attack on what I consider a late RVic ritual innovation, the introduction of the Patnī, Sacrificer’s Wife, as a required role in standard ritual. For both general discussion of this situation and some detailed consideration of passages throughout the RV, including this one, that fight this doctrinal battle, see Jamison 2011 “The Secret Lives of Texts” (Presidential Address, American Oriental Society 2010; JAOS 131: 1-7) and “‘Sacrificer’s Wife’ in the Rig Veda: Ritual Innovation?” (Brereton and Proferes, eds., Creating the Veda, Living the Veda: Selected Papers from the 13th World Sanskrit Conference, 19-30). The division of speakers, again in my view, is that the poet, who opposes the new ritual model, speaks the first (16) and last (19) verses, while 17-18 are put in the mouth of Indra, who is a proponent.
These verses are extensively discussed by Oldenberg and Geldner, with Oldenberg somewhat more in line with my own interpretation; I will not consistently signal my agreements and disagreements with them in what follows.
Griffith
Neither in thy decree nor mine, but in another’s he delights,-
The man who brought us unto this.
Geldner
Denn weder an deiner noch an meiner oder eines anderen Belehrung hat der Mann gefallen, der uns hierher geführt hat.
Grassmann
Denn weder auf dein noch auf mein Geheiss, auf das eines andern thut sich der Mann gütlich, der uns hierher geführt hat. –
Elizarenkova
Ведь ни в твоем, ни в моем наставлении,
Ни (в наставлении) другого не находит удовольствия
Тот муж, который нас привел.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- गायत्री
- षड्जः
17 इन्द्रश्चिद्घा तदब्रवीत्स्त्रिया - गायत्री
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
इ᳓न्द्रश् चिद् घा त᳓द् अब्रवीत्
स्त्रिया᳓ अशासिय᳓म् म᳓नः
उतो᳓ अ᳓ह क्र᳓तुं रघु᳓म्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
इन्द्र॑श्चिद्घा॒ तद॑ब्रवीत्स्त्रि॒या अ॑शा॒स्यं मनः॑ ।
उ॒तो अह॒ क्रतुं॑ र॒घुम् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - गायत्री
Thomson & Solcum
इ᳓न्द्रश् चिद् घा त᳓द् अब्रवीत्
स्त्रिया᳓ अशासिय᳓म् म᳓नः
उतो᳓ अ᳓ह क्र᳓तुं रघु᳓म्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Popular for linguistic reasons, and possibly also for non-linguistic reasons
Pāda-label
popular
popular
popular
Morph
abravīt ← √brū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}
cit ← cit (invariable)
gha ← gha (invariable)
índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
tát ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
aśāsyám ← aśāsyá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
mánaḥ ← mánas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
striyā́ḥ ← strī́- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:F, number:SG}
áha ← áha (invariable)
krátum ← krátu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
raghúm ← raghú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
u ← u (invariable)
utá ← utá (invariable)
पद-पाठः
इन्द्रः॑ । चि॒त् । घ॒ । तत् । अ॒ब्र॒वी॒त् । स्त्रि॒याः । अ॒शा॒स्यम् । मनः॑ ।
उ॒तो इति॑ । अह॑ । क्रतु॑म् । र॒घुम् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- indraś ← indraḥ ← indra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- cid ← cit
- [adverb]
- “even; indeed.”
- ghā ← gha
- [adverb]
- tad ← tat ← tad
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- abravīt ← brū
- [verb], singular, Imperfect
- “say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
- striyā ← striyāḥ ← strī
- [noun], genitive, singular, feminine
- “woman; wife; feminine; strīvajra; sexual activity; strī [word]; daughter; female.”
- aśāsyam ← a
- [adverb]
- “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
- aśāsyam ← śāsyam ← śās
- [verb noun], accusative, singular
- “teach; govern; command; order; control; tell; recommend; chastize; instruct.”
- manaḥ ← manas
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”
- uto ← uta
- [adverb]
- “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
- uto ← u
- [adverb]
- “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
- aha
- [adverb]
- “aha [word]; indeed.”
- kratuṃ ← kratum ← kratu
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
- raghum ← raghu
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “low; fast.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
यो मेध्यातिथेर्धनप्रदाता प्लायोगिरासङ्गः स पुमान् भूत्वा स्त्र्यभवत् । तदा यदिन्द्र उवाच तदिदमाह । तथा चाहुः -‘प्लायोगिश्चासङ्गो यः स्त्री भूत्वा पुमानभूत् स मेध्यातिथये दानं दत्त्वा ’ इति । इन्द्रश्चिद्ध इन्द्रः खलु तदब्रवीत् । स्त्रियाः मनः चित्तम् अशास्यं पुरुषेणाशिष्यं शासितुमशक्यं प्रबलत्वादिति । उतो अपि च स्त्रियाः क्रतुं प्रज्ञां रघुं लघुमाह ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Verily Indra said that the mind of a woman is not to be controlled, he declared also that her intellect wassmall.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Mind of a woman: the legend: Asaṅga, the son of plural yoga, the patron of the ṛṣi, has been changed to awoman
Jamison Brereton
Indra said just this, “the mind of woman is not to be instructed,
and her will is fickle.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Indra begins, cleverly, with concession: he admits that women’s mental powers are not as strong as they should be. I take this as Indra’s direct speech, even though pāda c is in the accusative (and pāda b could be), since I think such mixed constructions (X said “abc” / said that abc) are found elsewhere. However, little is lost if it is taken as indirect discourse.
16-19 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
As discussed in the published introduction, in my view this strange pendant to the hymn is an oblique attack on what I consider a late RVic ritual innovation, the introduction of the Patnī, Sacrificer’s Wife, as a required role in standard ritual. For both general discussion of this situation and some detailed consideration of passages throughout the RV, including this one, that fight this doctrinal battle, see Jamison 2011 “The Secret Lives of Texts” (Presidential Address, American Oriental Society 2010; JAOS 131: 1-7) and “‘Sacrificer’s Wife’ in the Rig Veda: Ritual Innovation?” (Brereton and Proferes, eds., Creating the Veda, Living the Veda: Selected Papers from the 13th World Sanskrit Conference, 19-30). The division of speakers, again in my view, is that the poet, who opposes the new ritual model, speaks the first (16) and last (19) verses, while 17-18 are put in the mouth of Indra, who is a proponent.
These verses are extensively discussed by Oldenberg and Geldner, with Oldenberg somewhat more in line with my own interpretation; I will not consistently signal my agreements and disagreements with them in what follows.
Griffith
Indra himself hath said, The mind of woman brooks not discipline,
Her intellect hath little weight.
Geldner
Auch Indra hat das gesagt, daß der Sinn des Weibes unbelehrbar, und ihre Einsicht zu gering ist.
Grassmann
Auch Indra selbst nannte ja diesen Sinn des Weibes untadelig und ihre rüstige Thätigkeit. –
Elizarenkova
А Индра сказал вот что:
Женский разум ненаучаем,
А сила духа легковесна.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- गायत्री
- षड्जः
18 सप्ती चिद्घा - गायत्री
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
स᳓प्ती चिद् घा मदच्यु᳓ता
मिथुना᳓ वहतो र᳓थम्
एवे᳓द् धू᳓र् वृ᳓ष्ण उ᳓त्तरा
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
सप्ती॑ चिद्घा मद॒च्युता॑ मिथु॒ना व॑हतो॒ रथ॑म् ।
ए॒वेद्धूर्वृष्ण॒ उत्त॑रा ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - गायत्री
Thomson & Solcum
स᳓प्ती चिद् घा मदच्यु᳓ता
मिथुना᳓ वहतो र᳓थम्
एवे᳓द् धू᳓र् वृ᳓ष्ण उ᳓त्तरा
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Popular for linguistic reasons, and possibly also for non-linguistic reasons
Pāda-label
popular
popular
popular
Morph
cit ← cit (invariable)
gha ← gha (invariable)
madacyútā ← madacyút- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
sáptī ← sápti- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
mithunā́ ← mithuná- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:DU}
rátham ← rátha- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
vahataḥ ← √vah- (root)
{number:DU, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
dhū́ḥ ← dhúr- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
evá ← evá (invariable)
ít ← ít (invariable)
úttarā ← úttara- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
vŕ̥ṣṇaḥ ← vŕ̥ṣan- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
सप्ती॒ इति॑ । चि॒त् । घ॒ । म॒द॒ऽच्युता॑ । मि॒थु॒ना । व॒ह॒तः॒ । रथ॑म् ।
ए॒व । इत् । धूः । वृष्णः॑ । उत्ऽत॑रा ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- saptī ← sapti
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “horse.”
- cid ← cit
- [adverb]
- “even; indeed.”
- ghā ← gha
- [adverb]
- madacyutā ← mada
- [noun], masculine
- “drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”
- madacyutā ← cyutā ← cyu
- [verb noun], nominative, dual
- “fall down; issue; shoot; ejaculate; deviate; banish; drop; dislodge; miss; deprive.”
- mithunā ← mithuna
- [noun], nominative, dual, masculine
- “mated.”
- vahato ← vahataḥ ← vah
- [verb], dual, Present indikative
- “transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
- ratham ← ratha
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
- eved ← eva
- [adverb]
- “indeed; merely; thus; even; surely; same; eva [word]; successively; immediately; in truth.”
- eved ← id
- [adverb]
- “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
- dhūr ← dhūḥ ← dhū
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- vṛṣṇa ← vṛṣṇaḥ ← vṛṣan
- [noun], ablative, singular, masculine
- “bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
- uttarā ← uttara
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “northern; following; upper; additional; better; more(a); last; concluding; superior; later(a); uttara [word]; prevailing; future; left; northerly; northerly; higher; second; dominant; excellent; chief(a).”
सायण-भाष्यम्
सप्ती चिद्ध इन्द्रस्याश्वावपि खलु मदच्युता सोमं प्रति गन्ताराविन्द्रस्यैव रथं मिथुनौ वहतः । एवेत् एवमेव वृष्णः इन्द्रस्य रथस्य धूः उत्तरा अश्वयोरुत्तरा भवति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“The two horses of Indra, hastening to the exhilaration (of the Soma), draw his chariot; the pole of theshowerer rests upon them.”
Jamison Brereton
[Indra, cont’d:] “(Nonetheless,) it’s the twin span, the complementary pair [/married couple], aroused to exuberance, that draws the chariot [=sacrifice];
but even so the chariot-pole of the bull [=husband] is higher.”
Jamison Brereton Notes
In my interpretation Indra’s speech continues here, and having admitted the drawbacks to employing women in the ritual, he introduces the model of the yoked pair (that is, the married couple) drawing the chariot of sacrifice, a pair that must be more or less equally matched, but with the pole of the male somewhat higher than that of the female. (Some animals are more equal than others.) The image of the sacrifice as a chariot is of course a common one, and the word mithunā́ ‘complementary pair, sexual pair’ seems to me the tipoff that this is about the married couple. (Oldenberg is in general agreement.)
16-19 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
As discussed in the published introduction, in my view this strange pendant to the hymn is an oblique attack on what I consider a late RVic ritual innovation, the introduction of the Patnī, Sacrificer’s Wife, as a required role in standard ritual. For both general discussion of this situation and some detailed consideration of passages throughout the RV, including this one, that fight this doctrinal battle, see Jamison 2011 “The Secret Lives of Texts” (Presidential Address, American Oriental Society 2010; JAOS 131: 1-7) and “‘Sacrificer’s Wife’ in the Rig Veda: Ritual Innovation?” (Brereton and Proferes, eds., Creating the Veda, Living the Veda: Selected Papers from the 13th World Sanskrit Conference, 19-30). The division of speakers, again in my view, is that the poet, who opposes the new ritual model, speaks the first (16) and last (19) verses, while 17-18 are put in the mouth of Indra, who is a proponent.
These verses are extensively discussed by Oldenberg and Geldner, with Oldenberg somewhat more in line with my own interpretation; I will not consistently signal my agreements and disagreements with them in what follows.
Griffith
His pair of horses, rushing on in their wild transport, draw his car:
High-lifted is the stallion’s yoke.
Geldner
Zwar zieht ein hochtrabendes Rossepaar den Wagen; doch überragt das Deichseljoch den Zugstier.
Grassmann
Die beiden gepaarten Rosse, von Rausch erregt, ziehen den Wagen; das Joch liegt auf dem starken Hengste. –
Elizarenkova
Хотя пара коней, возбужденных опьянением,
Везет (вместе) колесницу,
Но дышло выше жеребца.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- गायत्री
- षड्जः
19 अधः पश्यस्व - अनुष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
अधः᳓ पश्यस्व मो᳓प᳓रि
संतरा᳓म् पादकउ᳓ हर
मा᳓ ते कशप्लकउ᳓ दृशन्
स्त्री᳓ हि᳓ ब्रह्मा᳓ बभू᳓विथ
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
अ॒धः प॑श्यस्व॒ मोपरि॑ सन्त॒रां पा॑द॒कौ ह॑र ।
मा ते॑ कशप्ल॒कौ दृ॑श॒न् स्त्री हि ब्र॒ह्मा ब॒भूवि॑थ ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- छन्दः - अनुष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
अधः᳓ पश्यस्व मो᳓प᳓रि
संतरा᳓म् पादकउ᳓ हर
मा᳓ ते कशप्लकउ᳓ दृशन्
स्त्री᳓ हि᳓ ब्रह्मा᳓ बभू᳓विथ
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Popular for linguistic reasons, and possibly also for non-linguistic reasons
Pāda-label
popular;; epic anuṣṭubh (424)
popular;; epic anuṣṭubh (424)
popular;; epic anuṣṭubh (424)
popular;; epic anuṣṭubh (424)
Morph
adhás ← adhás (invariable)
mā́ ← mā́ (invariable)
paśyasva ← √paś- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
upári ← upári (invariable)
hara ← √hr̥- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
pādakaú ← pādaká- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:DU}
saṁtarā́m ← saṁtarā́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
dr̥śan ← √dr̥ś- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
kaśaplakaú ← kaśaplaká- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:DU}
mā́ ← mā́ (invariable)
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
babhū́vitha ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
brahmā́ ← brahmán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
hí ← hí (invariable)
strī́ ← strī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
अ॒धः । प॒श्य॒स्व॒ । मा । उ॒परि॑ । स॒म्ऽत॒राम् । पा॒द॒कौ । ह॒र॒ ।
मा । ते॒ । क॒श॒ऽप्ल॒कौ । दृ॒श॒न् । स्त्री । हि । ब्र॒ह्मा । ब॒भूवि॑थ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- adhaḥ ← adhas
- [adverb]
- “below; down; adhas [word].”
- paśyasva ← paś
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “see; view; watch; meet; observe; think of; look; examine; behold; visit; understand.”
- mopari ← mā
- [adverb]
- “not.”
- mopari ← upari
- [adverb]
- “above; up; additionally; upari [word]; subsequently.”
- saṃtarām ← saṃtarā
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- pādakau ← pādaka
- [noun], accusative, dual, masculine
- hara ← hṛ
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “cure; remove; kidnap; rob; take away; get; destroy; take; extract; collect; seize; clean; offer; drain; pick; take out; bring; accept; sever; produce; conquer; steal; deprive; press out.”
- mā
- [adverb]
- “not.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- kaśaplakau ← kaśaplaka
- [noun], accusative, dual, masculine
- dṛśan ← dṛś
- [verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “see; observe; view; visit; look; learn; meet; read; teach; examine; watch; see; notice; perceive; diagnose; travel to; show; detect; know; know; understand; understand; follow.”
- strī
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “woman; wife; feminine; strīvajra; sexual activity; strī [word]; daughter; female.”
- hi
- [adverb]
- “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
- brahmā ← brahman
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Brahma; Brahmin; dhak; Brahman; brahman [word]; Brahman; Brahmin; Brahmapurāṇa; Vishnu; Brihaspati.”
- babhūvitha ← bhū
- [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
- “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
एवमन्तरिक्षादागच्छन् रथस्थ इन्द्रः स्त्रियं सन्तं स्वस्मात् पुंस्त्वमिच्छन्तं प्लायोगिं यदुवाच तदाह । हे प्लायोगे त्वं स्त्री सती अधः पश्यस्व । एष स्त्रीणां धर्मः । उपरि मा पश्यस्व । उपरिदर्शनं स्त्रीणां धर्मो न भवति हि । पादकौ पादावपि संतरां संश्लिष्टौ यथा भवतस्तथा हर । यथा पुरुषो विश्लिष्टपादनिधानो भवति तथा त्वया स्त्रिया न कर्तव्यमित्यर्थः । अपि च ते कशप्लकौ । कशश्च प्लकश्च कशप्लकौ । कशतिराहननकर्मा। कशप्लकावुभे अङ्गे मा दृशन्। पुरुषा न पश्यन्तु । तयोरदर्शनं वाससः सुष्ठु परिधानेन भवति । अतः सुष्ठु वाससा परिधानं कुरु । स्त्रियो हि आ गुल्फादभिसंवीता भवन्तीत्यर्थः । हि यस्मात् कारणात् ब्रह्मा सन् स्त्री बभूविथ ॥ ॥ १० ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Cast your eyes (son of plural yoga) downwards, not upwards; keep your feet close together; let not (men)behold your ankles, for from having been a brahmā you have become a feminine le.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Indra is supposed to say this toAsaṅga as a feminine le
Jamison Brereton
[Poet:] “‘Keep your eyes to yourself: look below, not above. Bring your two little feet closer together:
don’t let them see your two little “lips” [?].’ For you, a brahmin, have turned into a woman!”
Jamison Brereton Notes
The poet returns in his own voice to mock the new model, by imitating in the first three pādas the speech of a mother to her little daughter, inculcating proper behavior. kaśaplakaú in c is a hapax, but its -ka- suffix suggests that it belongs to a low register (note also pādakaú in b) and the fact that it is in the dual limits its possible applications. Oldenberg suggests “weibl. Geschlechsteile” (though he moves on to breasts), and the fact that keeping one’s feet together keeps them from being seen makes the labia a good possibility.
The poet then unleashes a devastating insult on his addressee, a brahman - that he has turned into a woman. I take this unfortunate figure to be the ritualist favoring the new model, and our poet is suggesting that too much association with and sympathy for women, too much emphasis on equality, will unman a man.
16-19 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
As discussed in the published introduction, in my view this strange pendant to the hymn is an oblique attack on what I consider a late RVic ritual innovation, the introduction of the Patnī, Sacrificer’s Wife, as a required role in standard ritual. For both general discussion of this situation and some detailed consideration of passages throughout the RV, including this one, that fight this doctrinal battle, see Jamison 2011 “The Secret Lives of Texts” (Presidential Address, American Oriental Society 2010; JAOS 131: 1-7) and “‘Sacrificer’s Wife’ in the Rig Veda: Ritual Innovation?” (Brereton and Proferes, eds., Creating the Veda, Living the Veda: Selected Papers from the 13th World Sanskrit Conference, 19-30). The division of speakers, again in my view, is that the poet, who opposes the new ritual model, speaks the first (16) and last (19) verses, while 17-18 are put in the mouth of Indra, who is a proponent.
These verses are extensively discussed by Oldenberg and Geldner, with Oldenberg somewhat more in line with my own interpretation; I will not consistently signal my agreements and disagreements with them in what follows.
Griffith
Cast down thine eyes and look not up. More closely set thy feet. Let none
See what thy garment veils, for thou, a Brahman, hast become a dame.
Geldner
Schau dich unten an, nicht oben; halte deine Füßchen enger zusammen, damit sie nicht deine Schenkelchen sehen, denn du, der Brahmane, bist zum Weibe geworden.
Grassmann
Blicke nach unten, nicht nach oben; halte die Füsschen fest zusammen, nicht möge man deine Hinterbacken sehen; denn du Beterin bist ein Weib.
Elizarenkova
Вниз смотри, а не вверх!
Держи ножки плотнее вместе!
Пусть не увидят твоих тайных мест (?)!
Ведь ты, женщина, стала брахманом!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- मेधातिथिः काण्वः
- अनुष्टुप्
- गान्धारः