सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
सायण-भाष्यम्
‘व्युषा आवः’ इति पञ्चर्चं नवमं सूक्तं वसिष्ठस्यार्षमुषस्यं त्रैष्टुभम् । “व्युषाः’ इत्यनुक्रमणिका । प्रातरनुवाकाश्विनशस्त्रयोरुक्तो विनियोगः ॥
Jamison Brereton
79 (595)
Dawn
Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi
5 verses: triṣṭubh
This little hymn is dense with phonetic figures and puns, and like the preceding hymn has signature words—in this case the preverb ví “apart, widely” and the pho nologically similar verbal roots vas “dawn” and vR̥(var) “(un)cover.”
Like many Dawn hymns, this one gives the opening of the Vala cave and the release of the cows imprisoned therein as the mythic model for each new dawn (see esp. vs. 4). Dawn’s association with the distribution of goods is also emphasized in the last three verses.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Dawn As noted in the published introduction, ví is the signature word of this hymn. The first and last hemistichs of the hymn (1a, 5c) begin with ví and a form (indeed two, in the etymological figure in 1a) of √vas: 1a vy uṣā̀āvaḥ and 5c vyuchántī, forming a ring, and ví opens 1d, 2a, 3c, 4d as well. This preverb also gets played with in various ways: 2b opens with víśo ‘clans’, whose 1st syllable falsely promises the preverb. The regular oppositional counterpart of ví, namely sám, opens 2c and provides the 2nd syllable of 1c (susaṃdṛ́gbhiḥ). The alliteration of 3c is also set in motion by its opening ví (see below).
01 व्युट्षा आवः - त्रिष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
वि᳓ उषा᳓ आवः पथि᳓या ज᳓नानाम्
प᳓ञ्च क्षिती᳓र् मा᳓नुषीर् बोध᳓यन्ती
सुसंदृ᳓ग्भिर् उक्ष᳓भिर् भानु᳓म् अश्रेद्
वि᳓ सू᳓रियो रो᳓दसी च᳓क्षसावः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
व्यु१॒॑षा आ॑वः प॒थ्या॒३॒॑ जना॑नां॒ पञ्च॑ क्षि॒तीर्मानु॑षीर्बो॒धय॑न्ती ।
सु॒सं॒दृग्भि॑रु॒क्षभि॑र्भा॒नुम॑श्रे॒द्वि सूर्यो॒ रोद॑सी॒ चक्ष॑सावः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - उषाः
- ऋषिः - वसिष्ठः
- छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
वि᳓ उषा᳓ आवः पथि᳓या ज᳓नानाम्
प᳓ञ्च क्षिती᳓र् मा᳓नुषीर् बोध᳓यन्ती
सुसंदृ᳓ग्भिर् उक्ष᳓भिर् भानु᳓म् अश्रेद्
वि᳓ सू᳓रियो रो᳓दसी च᳓क्षसावः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Cretic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
āvaḥ ← √vas- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
jánānām ← jána- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:PL}
pathyā̀ ← pathyā̀- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
uṣā́ḥ ← uṣás- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
ví ← ví (invariable)
bodháyantī ← √budh- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
kṣitī́ḥ ← kṣití- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
mā́nuṣīḥ ← mā́nuṣa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
páñca ← páñca- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
aśret ← √śri- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
bhānúm ← bhānú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
susaṁdŕ̥gbhiḥ ← susaṁdŕ̥ś- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
ukṣábhiḥ ← ukṣán- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
āvar ← √vr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
cákṣasā ← cákṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}
ródasī ← ródasī- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}
sū́ryaḥ ← sū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ví ← ví (invariable)
पद-पाठः
वि । उ॒षाः । आ॒वः॒ । प॒थ्या॑ । जना॑नाम् । पञ्च॑ । क्षि॒तीः । मानु॑षीः । बो॒धय॑न्ती ।
सु॒स॒न्दृक्ऽभिः॑ । उ॒क्षऽभिः॑ । भा॒नुम् । अ॒श्रे॒त् । वि । सूर्यः॑ । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । चक्ष॑सा । आ॒व॒रित्या॑वः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- vy ← vi
- [adverb]
- “apart; away; away.”
- uṣā ← uṣāḥ ← uṣas
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
- āvaḥ ← vṛ
- [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
- “surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
- pathyā ← pathyāḥ ← pathyā
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “Terminalia chebula Retz.; path; Pathyā; way.”
- janānām ← jana
- [noun], genitive, plural, masculine
- “people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
- pañca ← pañcan
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “five; fifth; pañcan [word].”
- kṣitīr ← kṣitīḥ ← kṣiti
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī; people; dwelling; battlefield; Earth; estate; colony; house.”
- mānuṣīr ← mānuṣīḥ ← mānuṣa
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “human.”
- bodhayantī ← bodhay ← √budh
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “awaken; ignite; advise; admonish; communicate.”
- susaṃdṛgbhir ← su
- [adverb]
- “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
- susaṃdṛgbhir ← saṃdṛgbhiḥ ← saṃdṛś
- [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
- “appearance; view; view.”
- ukṣabhir ← ukṣabhiḥ ← ukṣan
- [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
- “bull; ukṣan [word].”
- bhānum ← bhānu
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “sun; Surya; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sunbeam; beam; luminosity; copper; light; twelve; appearance; Bhānu; flare.”
- aśred ← aśret ← śri
- [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
- “situate; dwell; go; lurk; reach; rear; repose; cling to.”
- vi
- [adverb]
- “apart; away; away.”
- sūryo ← sūryaḥ ← sūrya
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
- rodasī
- [noun], accusative, dual, feminine
- “heaven and earth; Earth.”
- cakṣasāvaḥ ← cakṣasā ← cakṣas
- [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
- “eye; look; radiance.”
- cakṣasāvaḥ ← āvaḥ ← vṛ
- [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
- “surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
जनानां सर्वप्राणिनां पथ्या पथि हिता उषाः वि आवः व्यौच्छत् । यद्वा। जनानां हिताय व्यौच्छदिति योज्यम्। किं कुर्वती । मानुषीः मनुष्यरूपाः पञ्च क्षितीः निषादपञ्चमांश्चतुरो वर्णान् बोधयन्ती । ईदृश्युषाः सुसंदृग्भिः। संदृश्यते संदर्शयतीति वा संदृक् तेजः ।
Wilson
English translation:
“Uṣas has dawned upon the paths of men, awaking the five classes of human beings; she has shedlight with her lustrous oxen; the sun makes heaven and earth manifest with radiance.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Upon the paths: pahyājanānām: pathyā is taken as a nominative sing. agreeing with Uṣas: janānām sarvaprāṇinām pathyā+ pathihitā uṣaḥ; or, janānām hitāya, i.e. Uṣas had dawned beneficial on the path of men, or for the welfare ofmen; she had shed light: bhānum aśret: she has resorted to the sun
Jamison Brereton
Dawn has dawned widely along the path of the peoples, awakening the five settlements stemming from Manu.
Along with her bulls lovely to see she has propped up her radiance. The Sun has uncovered the two world-halves with his eye.
982 VII.80–81
Jamison Brereton Notes
This vs. echoes the 1st vs. of VII.75 in several ways, and VII.75.1 is helpful in resolving the verbal ambiguities in this one. Our vs. contains two occurrences (pādas a, d) of ví … āvaḥ in exactly that sandhi form. The 3rd sg. augmented root aor.
form āvaḥ is entirely ambiguous between √vas ‘dawn’ and √vṛ ‘obstruct, cover’, and the preverb ví does not help, since ví √vas regularly means ‘dawn widely’ and ví √vṛ ‘uncover, open’. VII.75.1 also contains two such forms, but both of them are in sandhi forms that allow their root affiliation to be unambiguously identified. VII.75.1 opens exactly like our vs., vy ùṣā́āvaḥ, but in VII.75 the sandhi form of the verb is āvo, which must belong to √vas. Pāda c of VII.75.1 contains āvar (though in tmesis with ápa rather than ví); again, the sandhi form -ar makes it clear that this verb must belong to √vṛ. Given the parallelism of the two vss., it seems almost as if VII.75.1 is providing a guide to the ambiguities of our vs. In any case the standard interpr. all distribute the āvaḥ forms in this vs. as just laid out.
There is another echo between the two vss.: pāda a here contains pathyā̀, which could represent either instr. sg. pathyā̀(so Pp.) or acc. pl. pathyā̀ḥ out of sandhi, recalling pathyā̀in VII.75.1d, which must represent acc. pl. -āḥ before a vowel. In this passage I favor the instr. sg. Note also that páñca ksitī́ḥ opening our b pāda opens VII.75.4b.
Griffith
ROUSING the lands where men’s Five Tribes are settled, Dawn hath disclosed the pathways of the people.
She hath sent out her sheen with beauteous oxen. The Sun with light hath opened earth and heaven.
Geldner
Die Usas hat die Pfade der Menschen erhellt, indem sie die fünf menschlichen Völker weckt. Mit schönen Rindern fahrend hat sie ihren Glanz verbreitet. Die Sonne hat mit ihrem Auge beide Welten enthüllt.
Grassmann
Die Morgenröthe hat der Menschen Pfade enthüllt, der Völker fünf Geschlechter weckend, Und Licht geschafft durch ihre schönen Rinder, die Sonne durch ihr Licht die Welt erschlossen.
Elizarenkova
Ушас осветила пути людей,
Пробуждая пять человеческих поселений.
(Правя своими) прекрасными на вид быками, она распространила свет.
Сурья открыл (из тьмы) взглядом два мира.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- उषाः
- वसिष्ठः
- निचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः
आर्यमुनि - विषयः
अब परमात्मा की स्वयंप्रकाशता का कथन करते हुए उसी से अज्ञाननिवृत्ति का वर्णन करते हैं।
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सूर्यः) स्वतःप्रकाश परमात्मा (रोदसी) पृथ्वी तथा द्युलोक के मध्य में (चक्षसा) अपने प्रकाश से (आवः) सबको प्रकाशित करता हुआ (वि उषाः) अपने विशेष ज्ञान से (पञ्च जनानां) पाँचों प्रकार के मनुष्यों को (क्षितीः) इस पृथ्वी पर (मानुषीः) मनुष्यता का (बोधयन्ती) उपदेश कर रहा है, जो (आवः पथ्या) सबके लिए विशेषरूप से पथ्य है। हम सब प्रजाजनों का (वि) विशेषता से मुख्य कर्तव्य है कि हम (उक्षभिः) अत्यन्तबलयुक्त (सुसंदृग्भिः) अपने सत्यज्ञान से (भानुं अश्रेत्) उस स्वयंप्रकाश को आश्रयण करें॥१॥
आर्यमुनि - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - वह पूर्ण परमात्मा अपनी दिव्य ज्योति से सम्पूर्ण भूमण्डल को प्रकाशित करता हुआ अपने विशेष ज्ञान से “पञ्चजना”=ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य, शूद्र और दस्यु इन पाँचों प्रकार के मनुष्यों को सत्यज्ञान का उपदेश कर रहा है, जो सबके लिए परम उपयोगी है। हमारा कर्तव्य है कि हम यत्नपूर्वक उस स्वतःप्रकाश परमात्मा के स्वरूप को जानकर उसी का आश्रयण करें ॥१॥
आर्यमुनि (सं) - विषयः
अथ स्वयंप्रकाशपरमात्मनः सकाशादज्ञान- निवृत्तिर्वर्ण्यते।
आर्यमुनि (सं)- पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सूर्यः) स्वतःप्रकाशः परमात्मा (रोदसी) पृथ्व्यन्तरिक्षयोर्मध्ये (चक्षसा) स्वप्रकाशेन (आवः) सर्वं प्रकाशयन् (वि उषाः) स्वविशेषज्ञानेन (पञ्च जनानाम्) पञ्चविधानपि मनुष्यान् (क्षितीः) भूमौ (मानुषीः) मनुष्यताम् (बोधयन्ती) उपदिशति, यः (आवः पथ्या) सर्वेभ्यो विशेषेण पथ्यो हितकरोऽस्ति, अस्माभिः प्रजाभिः (वि) विशेषतया कर्तव्यमस्ति यद्वयम् (उक्षभिः) अत्यन्तबलवता (सुसन्दृग्भिः) स्वसत्यज्ञानेन (भानुम् अश्रेत्) तं स्वप्रकाशमाश्रयेम ॥१॥
02 व्यञ्जते दिवो - त्रिष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
वि᳓ अञ्जते दिवो᳓ अ᳓न्तेषु अक्तू᳓न्
वि᳓शो न᳓ युक्ता᳓ उष᳓सो यतन्ते
सं᳓ ते गा᳓वस् त᳓म आ᳓ वर्तयन्ति
ज्यो᳓तिर् यछन्ति सविते᳓व बाहू᳓
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
व्य॑ञ्जते दि॒वो अन्ते॑ष्व॒क्तून्विशो॒ न यु॒क्ता उ॒षसो॑ यतन्ते ।
सं ते॒ गाव॒स्तम॒ आ व॑र्तयन्ति॒ ज्योति॑र्यच्छन्ति सवि॒तेव॑ बा॒हू ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - उषाः
- ऋषिः - वसिष्ठः
- छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
वि᳓ अञ्जते दिवो᳓ अ᳓न्तेषु अक्तू᳓न्
वि᳓शो न᳓ युक्ता᳓ उष᳓सो यतन्ते
सं᳓ ते गा᳓वस् त᳓म आ᳓ वर्तयन्ति
ज्यो᳓तिर् यछन्ति सविते᳓व बाहू᳓
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Cretic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
aktū́n ← aktú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:PL}
añjate ← √añj- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
ánteṣu ← ánta- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:PL}
diváḥ ← dyú- ~ div- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
ví ← ví (invariable)
ná ← ná (invariable)
uṣásaḥ ← uṣás- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
víśaḥ ← víś- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
yatante ← √yat- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
yuktā́ḥ ← √yuj- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
gā́vaḥ ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}
sám ← sám (invariable)
támaḥ ← támas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
vartayanti ← √vr̥t- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
bāhū́ ← bāhú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:DU}
iva ← iva (invariable)
jyótiḥ ← jyótis- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
savitā́ ← savitár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yachanti ← √yam- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
पद-पाठः
वि । अ॒ञ्ज॒ते॒ । दि॒वः । अन्ते॑षु । अ॒क्तून् । विशः॑ । न । यु॒क्ताः । उ॒षसः॑ । य॒त॒न्ते॒ ।
सम् । ते॒ । गावः॑ । तमः॑ । आ । व॒र्त॒य॒न्ति॒ । ज्योतिः॑ । य॒च्छ॒न्ति॒ । स॒वि॒ताऽइ॑व । बा॒हू इति॑ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- vy ← vi
- [adverb]
- “apart; away; away.”
- añjate ← añj
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “smear; anoint; mix; color.”
- divo ← divaḥ ← div
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
- anteṣv ← anteṣu ← anta
- [noun], locative, plural, masculine
- “end; last syllable; end; end; boundary; inside; border; death; anta [word]; edge; end; shore; limit; region; outskirt; destruction; boundary; limit; anta; termination; corner; conclusion; hem; end; ant; edge.”
- aktūn ← aktu
- [noun], accusative, plural, masculine
- “night; dark; beam.”
- viśo ← viśaḥ ← viś
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- yuktā ← yuktāḥ ← yuj
- [verb noun], nominative, plural
- “mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”
- uṣaso ← uṣasaḥ ← uṣas
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
- yatante ← yat
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “strive; endeavor; join; equal; rival.”
- saṃ ← sam
- [adverb]
- “sam; together; together; saṃ.”
- te ← tvad
- [noun], genitive, singular
- “you.”
- gāvas ← gāvaḥ ← go
- [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
- “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
- tama ← tamaḥ ← tamas
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- vartayanti ← vartay ← √vṛt
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “pound; tell; exist; bring; spill; mix; survive; melt; roll; explain; perform; turn; chop; sustain; spend; roll up; produce.”
- jyotir ← jyotiḥ ← jyotis
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”
- yacchanti ← yam
- [verb], plural, Present indikative
- “concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
- saviteva ← savitā ← savitṛ
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Savitar; sun; Surya; Savitṛ.”
- saviteva ← iva
- [adverb]
- “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
- bāhū ← bāhu
- [noun], accusative, dual, masculine
- “arm; bāhu [word]; elbow; forefoot.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
सुतेजोभिः उक्षभिः गोभिः भानुमश्रेत् । ‘अरुणैरुषा आजिमधावत् ’ ( ऐ. ब्रा. ४. ९) इति हि श्रुतिः। ‘अरुण्यो गाव उषसाम्’ (नि. १. १५, ७) इति निरुक्तम् । सूर्यः च रोदसी द्यावापृथिव्यौ तमोयुक्ते चक्षसा प्रकाशकेन तेजसा वि आवः विवृणोति ॥ उषसः अक्तून् तेजांसि दिवः अन्तरिक्षस्य अन्तेषु पर्यन्तप्रदेशेषु व्यञ्जते व्यक्तीकुर्वन्तीत्यर्थः। युक्ताः परस्परं संयुक्ताः विशो न प्रजा इव सेना इव यतन्ते प्रयतन्ते तमोनाशनाय अत्र गमनाय वा । अथ प्रत्यक्षवादः । हे उषः ते तव गावः रश्मयः तमः अन्धकारं सम् आ वर्तयन्ति नाशयन्ति ज्योतिः तेजो यच्छन्ति प्रयच्छन्ति । सविता सूर्यः बाहू इव ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“The dawns send their rays to the ends of the sky. They advance like people arrayed like people (inmartial order); your rays, Uṣas, annihilate the darkness; they diffuse light as Savitā (spreads out) his arms.”
Jamison Brereton
They anoint the glossy nights at the ends of heaven; like clans in (battle-) harness the dawns are marshaled.
Your cows roll the darkness up altogether; they extend the light, like Savitar his arms.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Whatever the etymology of aktú- ‘night’ – I favor the connection with PIE
*nokw t- ‘night’, pace EWA s.v.; see most recently LIN 505 and n. 20 – it is here at least secondarily associated with √añj ‘anoint’ (which for some, e.g., EWA, is its etymon), since aktū́n serves as obj. of vy àñjate. My “glossy nights” is an attempt to capture the pun. For those who consider aktú- a derivative of √añj, aktū́n here would be an internal obj. / cognate acc.; cf. Oberlies (Relig. v. II.111): “Die [rotglühenden] Morgenröten verstreichen ihre Farbe …” In any case, aktū́n participates in two phonetic figures: añjate … ánteṣu aktū́n and the near-mirror-image aktū́(n) … yuktā́(ḥ).
As in the previous hymn (VII.78), Dawn is sg. in this hymn, except in one vs., in this case this one; in VII.78, vs. 3. 106
Griffith
They paint their bright rays on the sky’s far limits. the Dawns come on like tribes arrayed for battle.
Thy cattle, closely shutting up the darkness, as Savitar spreads his arms, give forth their lustre.
Geldner
Sie färben das Dunkel an des Himmels Saum; wie kampfgerüstete Stämme wetteifern die Usas´ miteinander. Deine Rinder rollen die Finsternis zusammen; sie halten das Licht hoch wie Savitri seine Arme.
Grassmann
Am Himmelsrande kleiden sie in Glanz sich, die Morgenröthen nahn wie Bundesheere, Das Dunkel wenden deine hellen Rinder, erheben Licht, wie Savitar die Arme.
Elizarenkova
На границах неба утренние зори окрашивают ночи.
Они выстраиваются, как племена, вооруженные (для битвы).
Твои коровы свертывают темноту.
Они (высоко) держат свет, как Савитар – руки.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- उषाः
- वसिष्ठः
- विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! आप (दिवः अन्तेषु) द्युलोकपर्यन्त प्रदेशों में (अक्तून्) सूर्यादि प्रकाशों के (न) समान (विशः अञ्जते) सम्पूर्ण प्रजाओं को प्रकट करते (वि) भले प्रकार (उषसः युक्ताः) प्रकाशयुक्त (यतन्ते) कर रहे हैं, (ते गावः) तुम्हारा ज्ञानरूप प्रकाश (तमः) अज्ञानरूप तम को (आ) भले प्रकार (वर्तयन्ति) दूर करता है, (सविता इव बाहू) सूर्य्य की किरणों के समान (ज्योतिः) तुम्हारी ज्योति (सं यच्छन्ति) सबको प्रकाशित करती है॥२॥
आर्यमुनि - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - हे प्रकाशस्वरूप परमात्मन् ! आप द्युलोकपर्य्यन्त सम्पूर्ण प्रजाओं को अपनी दिव्य ज्योति से प्रकाशित कर रहे हैं अर्थात् आप अपने ज्ञानरूप तप से प्रजाओं को रचकर सूर्य्य की किरणों के समान अज्ञानरूप तम को छिन्न-भिन्न करके मनुष्यों को ज्ञानयुक्त बनाते हैं, जैसा कि “यस्य ज्ञानमयं तपः” इत्यादि उपनिषद्वाक्यों में उसी मन्त्र को आश्रय करके कहा है कि उस परमात्मा का ज्ञान ही एक प्रकार का तप है, उसी ज्ञानरूप तप से परमात्मा इस ब्रह्माण्ड की रचना करके सबको यथावस्थित नियम में चला रहे हैं ॥२॥
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! भवान् (दिवः अन्तेषु) द्युपर्यन्तप्रदेशेषु (अक्तून्) सूर्य्यादिप्रकाशैः (न) सदृशः (विशः अञ्जते) सर्वाः प्रजाः प्रकटयन् (वि) सम्यक् (उषसः युक्ताः) प्रकाशिताः (यतन्ते) करोति (ते गावः) तव ज्ञानस्वरूपप्रकाशः (तमः) अज्ञानस्वरूपान्धकारं (आ) सम्यक् (वर्तयन्ति) नाशयति (सविता इव बाहू) सूर्यरश्मिवत् (ज्योतिः) तव तेजः (सम् यच्छन्ति) सर्वं भासयति ॥२॥
03 अभूदुषा इन्द्रतमा - त्रिष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
अ᳓भूद् उषा᳓ इ᳓न्द्रतमा मघो᳓नी
अ᳓जीजनत् सुविता᳓य श्र᳓वांसि
वि᳓ दिवो᳓ देवी᳓ दुहिता᳓ दधाति
अ᳓ङ्गिरस्तमा सुकृ᳓ते व᳓सूनि
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
अभू॑दु॒षा इन्द्र॑तमा म॒घोन्यजी॑जनत्सुवि॒ताय॒ श्रवां॑सि ।
वि दि॒वो दे॒वी दु॑हि॒ता द॑धा॒त्यङ्गि॑रस्तमा सु॒कृते॒ वसू॑नि ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - उषाः
- ऋषिः - वसिष्ठः
- छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
अ᳓भूद् उषा᳓ इ᳓न्द्रतमा मघो᳓नी
अ᳓जीजनत् सुविता᳓य श्र᳓वांसि
वि᳓ दिवो᳓ देवी᳓ दुहिता᳓ दधाति
अ᳓ङ्गिरस्तमा सुकृ᳓ते व᳓सूनि
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Cretic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ábhūt ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
índratamā ← índratama- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
maghónī ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
uṣā́ḥ ← uṣás- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
ájījanat ← √janⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
śrávāṁsi ← śrávas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
suvitā́ya ← suvitá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}
dadhāti ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
devī́ ← devī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
diváḥ ← dyú- ~ div- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
duhitā́ ← duhitár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
ví ← ví (invariable)
áṅgirastamā ← áṅgirastama- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
sukŕ̥te ← sukŕ̥t- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
vásūni ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}
पद-पाठः
अभू॑त् । उ॒षाः । इन्द्र॑ऽतमा । म॒घोनी॑ । अजी॑जनत् । सु॒वि॒ताय॑ । श्रवां॑सि ।
वि । दि॒वः । दे॒वी । दु॒हि॒ता । द॒धा॒ति॒ । अङ्गि॑रःऽतमा । सु॒ऽकृते॑ । वसू॑नि ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- abhūd ← abhūt ← bhū
- [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
- “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
- uṣā ← uṣāḥ ← uṣas
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
- indratamā ← indratama
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- maghony ← maghonī ← maghavan
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “big.”
- ajījanat ← jan
- [verb], singular, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)
- “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
- suvitāya ← suvita
- [noun], dative, singular, neuter
- “prosperity; well-being.”
- śravāṃsi ← śravas
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “fame; glory; ear.”
- vi
- [adverb]
- “apart; away; away.”
- divo ← divaḥ ← div
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
- devī ← deva
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “divine.”
- duhitā ← duhitṛ
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “daughter; duhitṛ [word].”
- dadhāty ← dadhāti ← dhā
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
- aṅgirastamā ← aṅgirastama
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- sukṛte ← sukṛt
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “devout; virtuous.”
- vasūni ← vasu
- [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
- “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
इन्द्रतमा सर्वस्येश्वरतमा मघोनी धनवती उषाः अभूत् प्रादुरभूत् । सुविताय कल्याणाय श्रवांसि अन्नानि अजीजनत् उदपादयत् । प्रकाशितवतीत्यर्थः । दिवः दुहिता अङ्गिरस्तमा गन्तृतमा। यद्वा । अङ्गिरोगोत्रैर्भारद्वाजैः सह रात्रेरप्युत्पत्ते रात्र्यवसानस्योषारूपत्वादङ्गिरस्तमेत्युच्यते । भारद्वाजै रात्रेः सहोत्पत्तिरनुक्रमण्यामुक्ता - रात्री कुशिकः सौभरो रात्रिर्वा भारद्वाजी ’ (अनु. १०. १२७) इति । तादृश्युषाः सुकृते यजमानाय वसूनि धनानि वि दधाति करोति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“The supreme sovereign, the opulent uṣas, has risen; she has engendered food for our welfare; thedivine daughter of heaven, most prompt in movement, bestows treasures upon the pious worshipper.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Mostprominent in movement: aṅgirastamā = gantritamā, most going; may also be a reference to aṅgirasas, ofwhose race the Bhāradvājas, a branch, are said to be cognatewith the night: aṅgiro gotrair bhāradvājaihsaha ratrerutpattiḥ, hence night is elsewhere termed bharadvāji, rātrirvā bhāradvāji (rātrī kuśikahsaubharo rātrirvā bhāradvājī: RV. 10.127). aṅgirastamā, most aṅgirasa, is applied to the dawn becauseit is the same thing as the end of the night, rātryarasanasyo śarūpatvāt: may be, a reference to the specialseason of fire-worship instrumental tuted by aṅgirasās
Jamison Brereton
Dawn has come to pass—a bounteous benefactor most like Indra; she has generated fame for good faring.
The divine Daughter of Heaven, most like the Aṅgirases, apportions goods to the man of good action.
Jamison Brereton Notes
#ábhūd uṣā́(ḥ) is reminiscent of #ábhūd agníḥ in VII.77.2, though there the construction involved a predicated infinitive. See also VII.76.2 #ábhūd u ketúr uṣásaḥ.
Dawn is índratamā because she is maghónī ‘bounteous’ as he is maghávan(t)-.
The splv. suffix -tamā echoes támaḥ ‘darkness’ in the prevous vs., 2c.
As Renou points out, suvitā́ya in b recalls duritā́in VII.78.2.
Pāda c displays heavy alliteration: ví divó devī́duhitā́dadhāti. The pattern is set in motion by the preverb ví, which, as was noted above, is the hymn’s signature word. The first three words in c have ví itself, its inverse (d)iv(ó), and a long-vowel variant (de)vī́, but in the meantime the d pattern has asserted itself and carries through to the end of the pāda. The elements of this sequence are found nearby each other in other hymns in this cycle, though not with the same intense concentration. Cf. esp. VII.77.5-6: 5b devi, 5c dádhatī, 6a divó duhitā́.
Griffith
Wealthy, most like to Indra, Dawn hath risen, and brought forth lauds that shall promote our welfare.
Daughter of Heaven, a Goddess, she distributes, best of Angirases, treasures to the pious.
Geldner
Usas, die indraähnlichste, gabenreiche ist erschienen; sie hat die rühmlichen Werke zum Heil bereitet. Die Töchter des Himmels, die Göttin, die erste der Angiras´, teilt dem Frommen Schätze aus.
Grassmann
Erschienen ist die indragleichste, reiche, die Morgenröthe, Gut zum Heile schaffend; Des Himmels Tochter, sie die schönste Botin, die Göttin schenkt dem Frommen reiche Güter.
Elizarenkova
Явилась Ушас, самая похожая на Индру, щедрая.
Она породила славные деяния на благо (людей).
Дочь неба, самая похожая на Ангирасов,
Она наделяет благами праведного.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- उषाः
- वसिष्ठः
- विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः
आर्यमुनि - विषयः
अब उस दिव्यज्ञान की प्राप्ति के लिये परमात्मा से प्रार्थना करते हैं।
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्द्रतमा) हे ज्ञानस्वरूप परमात्मन् ! आपका (वि) विस्तृत ज्ञान (सुविताय) हमारे कल्याणार्थ (उषाः अभूत्) प्रकाशित हो, (मघोनी) हे सर्वैश्वर्य्यसम्पन्न भगवन् ! आप (श्रवांसि) अपनी ज्ञानशक्ति को (अजीजनत्) प्रकाशित करें, हे ज्योतिःस्वरूप ! (दिवः देवी) द्युलोक की देवी (दुहिता) तुम्हारी दुहिताख्य दिव्यशक्ति जो (अङ्गिरःतमा) अत्यन्त गमनशील तमनाशक है, वह (सुकृते) हमारे पुण्यों के लिये (वसूनि दधाति) धनों को धारण करावे॥३॥
आर्यमुनि - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - हे सर्वशक्तिसम्पन्न परमात्मन् ! आपकी दुहितारूप विद्युदादि शक्तियें हमारे लिये कल्याणकारी होकर हमें अनन्त प्रकाश का धन धारण करावें और आपका ज्ञान हमारे हृदय को प्रकाशित करे ॥ इस मन्त्र में परमात्मरूप शक्ति को “दुहिता” इस अभिप्राय से कथन किया गया है कि “दुहिता दुर्हिता” इस वैदिकोक्ति के समान परमात्मा की विद्युदादि दिव्यशक्तियें दूर देशों में जाकर हित उत्पन्न करती हैं और जो दूर देशों में जाकर हित उत्पन्न करे, उसको दुहिता कहते हैं, इसलिये “दुहिता” शब्द से यहाँ विद्युदादि शक्तियों का ग्रहण है। जहाँ दुहिता शब्द का दिवः शब्द के साथ सम्बन्ध होता है, वहाँ यह अर्थ होते हैं कि जो द्युलोकादि दूर देशों में जाकर हित उत्पन्न करे, उसका नाम ‘दिवो दुहिता’ है। यहाँ दुहिता शब्द के अर्थ शक्ति के हैं, पुत्री के नहीं ॥३॥
आर्यमुनि (सं) - विषयः
अथोक्तज्ञानप्राप्त्यर्थं परमात्मा प्रार्थ्यते।
आर्यमुनि (सं)- पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (इन्द्रतमा) भो ज्ञानस्वरूप परमात्मन् ! त्वदीयं (वि) विस्तृतं ज्ञानं (सुविताय) नः कल्याणाय (उषाः अभूत्) प्रकाशितं भवेत् (मघोनी) हे अखिलैश्वर्ययुक्त भवान् ! त्वं (श्रवांसि) स्वज्ञानशक्तिं (अजीजनत्) प्रकाशय, हे ज्योतिःस्वरूप ! (दिवः देवी) द्युलोकस्य देवी (दुहिता) तव दुहितृरूपा या दिव्यशक्तिः (अङ्गिरः तमा) अत्यन्तगमनशीला तमोहन्त्री चास्ति, सा (सुकृते) अस्मत्पुण्यकर्मणे (वसूनि दधाति) धनानि धारयतु ॥३॥
04 तावदुषो राधो - त्रिष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
ता᳓वद् उषो रा᳓धो अस्म᳓भ्य° रास्व
या᳓वत् स्तोतृ᳓भ्यो अ᳓रदो गृणाना᳓
यां᳓ त्वा जज्ञु᳓र् वृषभ᳓स्या र᳓वेण
वि᳓ दॄळ्ह᳓स्य+ दु᳓रो अ᳓द्रेर् अऊर्णोः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
ताव॑दुषो॒ राधो॑ अ॒स्मभ्यं॑ रास्व॒ याव॑त्स्तो॒तृभ्यो॒ अर॑दो गृणा॒ना ।
यां त्वा॑ ज॒ज्ञुर्वृ॑ष॒भस्या॒ रवे॑ण॒ वि दृ॒ळ्हस्य॒ दुरो॒ अद्रे॑रौर्णोः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - उषाः
- ऋषिः - वसिष्ठः
- छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
ता᳓वद् उषो रा᳓धो अस्म᳓भ्य° रास्व
या᳓वत् स्तोतृ᳓भ्यो अ᳓रदो गृणाना᳓
यां᳓ त्वा जज्ञु᳓र् वृषभ᳓स्या र᳓वेण
वि᳓ दॄळ्ह᳓स्य+ दु᳓रो अ᳓द्रेर् अऊर्णोः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Cretic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
asmábhyam ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:PL}
rā́dhaḥ ← rā́dhas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
rāsva ← √rā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:AOR, voice:MED}
tā́vat ← tā́vant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
uṣaḥ ← uṣás- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:F, number:SG}
áradaḥ ← √rad- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}
gr̥ṇānā́ ← √gr̥̄- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
stotŕ̥bhyaḥ ← stotár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}
yā́vat ← yā́vant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
jajñúḥ ← √janⁱ- (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}
ráveṇa ← ráva- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}
tvā ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:SG}
vr̥ṣabhásya ← vr̥ṣabhá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
yā́m ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
ádreḥ ← ádri- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
aurṇoḥ ← √vr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:ACT}
dr̥ḷhásya ← √dr̥h- (root)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG, non-finite:PPP}
dúraḥ ← dvā́r- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
ví ← ví (invariable)
पद-पाठः
ताव॑त् । उ॒षः॒ । राधः॑ । अ॒स्मभ्य॑म् । रा॒स्व॒ । याव॑त् । स्तो॒तृऽभ्यः॑ । अर॑दः । गृ॒णा॒ना ।
याम् । त्वा॒ । ज॒ज्ञुः । वृ॒ष॒भस्य॑ । रवे॑ण । वि । दृ॒ळ्हस्य॑ । दुरः॑ । अद्रेः॑ । औ॒र्णोः॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- tāvad ← tāvat
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “such(a).”
- uṣo ← uṣaḥ ← uṣas
- [noun], vocative, singular, feminine
- “Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
- rādho ← rādhaḥ ← rādhas
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”
- asmabhyaṃ ← asmabhyam ← mad
- [noun], dative, plural
- “I; mine.”
- rāsva ← rā
- [verb], singular, Aorist imperative
- “give; impart.”
- yāvat
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “yāvat [word].”
- stotṛbhyo ← stotṛbhyaḥ ← stotṛ
- [noun], dative, plural, masculine
- “laudatory; worshiping.”
- arado ← aradaḥ ← rad
- [verb], singular, Imperfect
- “dig.”
- gṛṇānā ← gṛ
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “praise.”
- yāṃ ← yām ← yad
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- tvā ← tvad
- [noun], accusative, singular
- “you.”
- jajñur ← jajñuḥ ← jan
- [verb], plural, Perfect indicative
- “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
- vṛṣabhasyā ← vṛṣabhasya ← vṛṣabha
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
- raveṇa ← rava
- [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
- “sound; howl; thunder; cry; talk; cry.”
- vi
- [adverb]
- “apart; away; away.”
- dṛᄆhasya ← dṛḍha
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “hard; intense; firm; fixed; resolute; mesomorphic; grim; dṛḍha [word]; rainproof; sturdy; shut; firm; insoluble; strong; tough; tight.”
- duro ← duraḥ ← dvār
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “door; means.”
- adrer ← adreḥ ← adri
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”
- aurṇoḥ ← vṛ
- [verb], singular, Imperfect
- “surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
हे उषः यावत् राधः धनं स्तोतृभ्यः पूर्वम् अरदः दत्तवत्यसि तावत् राधो धनं गृणाना स्तूयमाना अस्मभ्यम् अपि रास्व देहि । यां त्वा त्वां वृषभस्य रवेण । लुप्तोपमैषा। वृषभस्येति कर्मणि षष्ठी । वृषभं रवेणेव त्वां प्रकाशेन जज्ञुः जानन्ति प्राणिनः । अथवा वृषभस्य प्रवृद्धस्य स्तोत्रस्य रवेण शब्देन जज्ञुः ज्ञापयन्ति । दृळहस्य दृढस्य अद्रेः दुरः द्वाराणि पणिभिर्गाः प्रवेश्य पिहितानि वि और्णौः विवृतान्यकरोः ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Grant us as much wealth as you have bestowed upon thine adorers when (formerly) praised by them;you whom (your worshippers) welcomed with clamour, (loud as the bellowing) of a bull, when you had set openthe doors of the mountains (where the stolen cattle were confined).”
Jamison Brereton
As much largesse grant to us, Dawn, as you excavated for the praisers when you were being hymned.
(You) whom they brought forth with the bellowing of the bull, you
opened up the doors of the firm-fixed stone.
Jamison Brereton Notes
As slowly becomes clear, this vs. concerns the Vala myth, as the last pāda, describing the opening of “the doors of the firm-fixed stone,” illustrates. This slipping into the Vala story accounts for the otherwise puzzling áṅgirastamā ‘best / most like the Aṅgirases’ in the previous vs. (3d; found also in nearby VII.75.1, also in a potential Vala context). The Aṅgirases, of course, were responsible, along with Indra, for opening the Vala cave and releasing the imprisoned cows; they did so by singing. As Geldner points out, the praisers who benefit from Dawn’s largesse in 4b are most likely the Aṅgirases, and they would also then be the subjects of c.
Note the phonetic echo between rā́dho (a) and (á)rado (b), which is then found scrambled in d (dú)ro ádr(eḥ). Pāda d also contains internal phonetic play with d’s and r’s, as well as a, u, and o: … dṛḷh(asya) dúro, adr(e)r äūr(ṇ)o(ḥ). This is the only trisyllabic reading of the augmented stem aurṇo- and the vowel hiatus a-ū (or av ū?) emphasizes the phonetic figures.
The verb in c, the pf. jajñúḥ, is perfectly ambiguous between √jan ‘beget’ and √jñā ‘recognize’. It is now standardly taken to the former, though Geldner previously (Ved. St.) assigned it to the latter, a stance criticized by Oldenberg and silently given up by Geldner in his tr.
Griffith
Bestow on us, O Dawn, that ample bounty which thou didst send to those who sang thy praises;
Thou whom with bellowings of a bull they quickened: thou didst unbar the firm-set mountain’s portals.
Geldner
Gib uns, Usas, so viel Belohnung, als du gepriesen den früheren Sängern zuführtest, die dich durch das Gebrüll des Bullen zum Vorschein brachten; du öffnetest die Tore des verschlossenen Felsen.
Grassmann
So viel des Guts, o Morgenröthe schenk uns, wie du auch sonst den Sängern gabst, gepriesne; Als sie dich zeugten durch des Stieres Rauschen, erschlossest du des festen Felsens Thore.
Elizarenkova
О Ушас, дай нам такой же большой дар,
Как ты предназначала (некогда) восхвалителям, воспеваемая (ими),
(Теми,) кто вызвал тебя к жизни ревом быка.
Ты закрыла врата замкнутой скалы.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- उषाः
- वसिष्ठः
- निचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (उषः) हे ज्ञानस्वरूप परमात्मन् ! (अस्मभ्यं) हमलोगों को (अरदः) प्रथम (तावत् राधः रास्व) उतना धन प्रदान करें, (यावत्) जितने से हम (गृणाना) आपको ग्रहण करनेवाले (स्तोतृभ्यः) स्तोता विद्वानों को प्रसन्न कर सकें, (यां त्वा) जो आपको (वृषभस्य रवेण जज्ञुः) वृषभ के समान उच्चस्वर से प्रकट कर रहे हैं अर्थात् आपकी स्तुति करते हैं और हमारे लिये (दृळ्हस्य दुरः अद्रेः) दृढ़तायुक्त कठिन से कठिन मार्गों को (वि) भली-भाँति (और्णोः) खोल दें॥४॥
आर्यमुनि - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - हे सर्वपालक भगवन् ! आप हमको ऐश्वर्य्यसम्पन्न करें, जिससे हम अपने वेदवेत्ता स्तोता आदि विद्वानों को प्रसन्न करें, जो हमारे प्रति आपकी स्तुति उच्चस्वर से वर्णन करते हैं, या यों कहो कि परमात्मस्तुति-कीर्तन करते हुए हमको आपकी उपासना में प्रवृत्त करते हैं। हे भगवन् ! आप हममें ऐसी शक्ति प्रदान करें कि कठिन से कठिन मार्गों के द्वारों को खोलकर आपका दर्शन कर सकें ॥४॥
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (उषः) हे ज्ञानस्वरूप परमात्मन् ! (अस्मभ्यम्) अस्मदर्थम् (अरदः) आदौ (तावत् राधः रास्व) तावत् धनं प्रयच्छ (यावत्) यावता वयं (गृणाना) त्वां गृणतः (स्तोतृभ्यः) स्तोतॄन् विदुषः प्रसादयेम (याम् त्वा) यं त्वां (वृषभस्य रवेण जज्ञुः) वृषभवत् उच्चस्वरेण प्रकटयन्ति स्तुवन्ति, तथा चास्मभ्यं (दृळ्हस्य दुरः अद्रेः) दृढतायुक्तानतिकठिनमार्गान् (वि) सम्यक् (और्णोः) विवृतान् कुरु ॥४॥
05 देवन्देवं राधसे - त्रिष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
देवं᳓-देवं रा᳓धसे चोद᳓यन्ति
अस्मद्रि᳓अक् सूनृ᳓ता ईर᳓यन्ती
विउछ᳓न्ती नः सन᳓ये धि᳓यो धा
यूय᳓म् पात सुअस्ति᳓भिः स᳓दा नः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
दे॒वन्दे॑वं॒ राध॑से चो॒दय॑न्त्यस्म॒द्र्य॑क्सू॒नृता॑ ई॒रय॑न्ती ।
व्यु॒च्छन्ती॑ नः स॒नये॒ धियो॑ धा यू॒यं पा॑त स्व॒स्तिभिः॒ सदा॑ नः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - उषाः
- ऋषिः - वसिष्ठः
- छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
देवं᳓-देवं रा᳓धसे चोद᳓यन्ति
अस्मद्रि᳓अक् सूनृ᳓ता ईर᳓यन्ती
विउछ᳓न्ती नः सन᳓ये धि᳓यो धा
यूय᳓म् पात सुअस्ति᳓भिः स᳓दा नः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Cretic
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
Morph
codáyantī ← √cud- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
deváṁ-devam ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
rā́dhase ← rā́dhas- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:N, number:SG}
asmadryàk ← asmadryàñc- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
īráyantī ← √īr- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
sūnŕ̥tāḥ ← sūnŕ̥ta- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
dhāḥ ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
dhíyaḥ ← dhī́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:PL}
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
sanáye ← saní- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
vyuchántī ← √vas- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}
pāta ← √pā- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
sádā ← sádā (invariable)
svastíbhiḥ ← svastí- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
yūyám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:PL}
पद-पाठः
दे॒वम्ऽदे॑वम् । राध॑से । चो॒दय॑न्ती । अ॒स्म॒द्र्य॑क् । सू॒नृताः॑ । ई॒रय॑न्ती ।
वि॒ऽउ॒च्छन्ती॑ । नः॒ । स॒नये॑ । धियः॑ । धाः॒ । यू॒यम् । पा॒त॒ । स्व॒स्तिऽभिः॑ । सदा॑ । नः॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- devaṃ ← devam ← deva
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
- devaṃ ← devam ← deva
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
- rādhase ← rādhas
- [noun], dative, singular, neuter
- “gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”
- codayanty ← codayantī ← coday ← √cud
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “impel; drive; incite; command; drive; arouse; propel.”
- asmadryak ← asmadryañc
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- sūnṛtā ← sūnṛtāḥ ← sūnṛtā
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “liberality.”
- īrayantī ← īray ← √īr
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “name; describe; propel; shoot; state; call; raise; expel; tell; enumerate.”
- vyucchantī ← vivas ← √vas
- [verb noun], nominative, singular
- “dawn.”
- naḥ ← mad
- [noun], genitive, plural
- “I; mine.”
- sanaye ← sani
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “gain.”
- dhiyo ← dhiyaḥ ← dhī
- [noun], accusative, plural, feminine
- “intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”
- dhā ← dhāḥ ← dhā
- [verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
- “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
- yūyam ← tvad
- [noun], nominative, plural
- “you.”
- pāta ← pā
- [verb], plural, Present imperative
- “protect; govern.”
- svastibhiḥ ← svasti
- [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
- “prosperity; well-being; fortune; benediction; svasti [word]; well; luck.”
- sadā
- [adverb]
- “always; continually; always; perpetually.”
- naḥ ← mad
- [noun], accusative, plural
- “I; mine.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
देवदेवं सर्वमपि स्तोतारं राधसे धनाय चोदयन्ती प्रेरयन्ती अस्मद्र्यक् अस्मदभिमुखं सूनृताः वचांसि ईरयन्ती प्रेरयन्ती व्युच्छन्ती व्युच्छनं कुर्वती नः अस्माकं सनये दानाय धनलाभाय धियः बुद्धीः धाः धेहि । शिष्टं स्पष्टम् ॥ ॥२६॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Inspiring every individual devout (worshipper) with a desire for wealth, addressing to us the words oftruth, diffusing the light of morning, bestow upon us understanding (fit) for the acquisition of riches; and do you,(gods), ever cherish us with blessings.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Addressing to us words of truth: asmadryak sunṛtā īrayantī:asmadryak = asmadabhimukham;
Sunṛtā = vacāmsi;
Īrayantī = prerayantī, i.e. urging speech (i.e. praises)towards us, i.e. awakening our praises
Jamison Brereton
Impelling every god to largesse, rousing liberalities in our direction, dawning widely, impart insights to us for our gain. – Do you protect us always with your blessings.
Jamison Brereton Notes
As noted in the introduction. above, vyuchántī, which opens the last pāda of the hymn (save for the clan refrain), forms a ring with the opening phrase (1a) vy ùṣā́ āvaḥ. This reinforces the affiliaion of āvaḥ in 1a with √vas, not √vṛ.
Griffith
Impelling every God to grant his bounty sending to us the charm of pleasant voices,
Vouchsafe us thoughts, for profit, as thou breakest. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.
Geldner
Jeden Gott zur Freigebigkeit anspornend, für uns Schenkungen aufbringend, mögest du aufleuchtend unseren Dichtungen zum Gewinn verhelfen.-Behütet ihr uns immerdar mit eurem Segen!
Grassmann
Die Gott für Gott zum Schenken du erregest und reiche Gaben zu uns her beförderst, Aufleuchtend schaff Gewährung unsern Bitten. Ihr Götter, schützt uns stets mit eurem Segen.
Elizarenkova
Поощряя в дарении каждого бога,
Продвигая к нам щедроты,
Зажигаясь, помоги нашим помыслам добиться цели!
Защищайте вы нас всегда своими милостями!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- उषाः
- वसिष्ठः
- पङ्क्तिः
- पञ्चमः
आर्यमुनि - विषयः
अब धनप्राप्ति की ईश्वर से प्रार्थना करते हैं।
आर्यमुनि - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (देवं देवं) सब श्रोताओं को (राधसे) धनप्राप्ति के लिये (चोदयन्ती) प्रेरित करें, (अस्मद्र्यक्) हम यजमानों को (सूनृताः) उत्तम वेदवाणियों की ओर (व्युच्छन्ती) उत्साहित करें और (नः) हमारी (धियः) बुद्धियों को (सनये) दान के लिये (धाः) धारण करते हुए (ईरयन्ती) उस ओर प्रेरें, जिससे हम दान में समर्थ हों और (यूयं) आप (स्वस्तिभिः) कल्याणरूप वाणियों से (नः) हमको (सदा) सदा (पात) पवित्र करें॥५॥
आर्यमुनि - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - हे दिव्यशक्तिसम्पन्न परमात्मन् ! आप अब स्तोताओं को धन-धान्यादि से भले प्रकार समृद्ध करें, ताकि वह उत्तमोत्तम वेदवाणियों द्वारा आपका सदा स्तवन करते हुए हमारी बुद्धियों को आपकी ओर प्रेरित करे और हे भगवन् ! हमें दानशील बनावें, ताकि हम उत्साहित होकर स्तोता आदि अधिकारियों को दान देनें में समर्थ हों और आप हमें सदा के लिए पवित्र करें, यह प्रार्थना है ॥५॥ यह ७९वाँ सूक्त और २६वाँ वर्ग समाप्त हुआ ॥
आर्यमुनि (सं) - विषयः
सम्प्रति धनप्राप्तये ईश्वरः प्रार्थ्यते।
आर्यमुनि (सं)- पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे परमात्मन् ! (देवम् देवम्) सर्वान्स्तोतॄन् (राधसे) धनप्राप्तये (चोदयन्ती) प्रेरयतु (अस्मद्र्यक्) अस्मदभिमुखं (सूनृताः) उत्तमवेदवाचः प्रति (व्युच्छन्ती) उत्साहयतु तथा च (नः) अस्माकं (धियः)बुद्धीः (सनये) दानाय (धाः) धारयन् (ईरयन्ती) ताः प्रति प्रेरयतु, यतो वयं प्रदाने समर्था भवेम (यूयम्) भवान् (स्वस्तिभिः) कल्याणीभिर्वाग्भिः (नः) अस्मान् (सदा) निरन्तरं (पात) रक्षतु=पुनातु ॥५॥ इत्येकोनाशीतितमं सूक्तं षड्विंशो वर्गश्च समाप्तः ॥