०७८

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सायण-भाष्यम्

प्रति केतवः’ इति पञ्चर्चमष्टमं सूक्तं वसिष्ठस्यार्षं त्रैष्टुभमुषस्यम् । ‘प्रति पञ्च’ इत्यनुक्रमणिका। उक्तो विनियोगः ॥

Jamison Brereton

78 (594)
Dawn
Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi
5 verses: triṣṭubh
This hymn is characterized by two “signature words”: práti “in response to / oppo site” (found in every verse but 4) and the present participle vibhā́tī “radiating widely” (vss. 3–5), words regularly found in other Dawn hymns. In fact, there is, until near the end, little novel about this hymn. The most noticeable feature until the end is that the middle verse (3) refers to the dawns in the plural, though they
seem to be immediately present, while the other verses have singular Dawn. But the most noteworthy aspect of the hymn is the striking hapax verb that opens the last half verse (5c): tilvilāyádhvam. This is a transparent denominative built to the adjective tílvila (V.62.7), but this only displaces the problem, as the meaning and derivation of this adjective are not at all clear, and its rhyming reduplicative formation (til-vil) deviates markedly from normal Vedic word formation patterns. The adjective is generally taken to mean “fruitful’ or the like and may be connected with the word tilá “sesame.” If so, the creation and abundant scattering of seed may be the intended meaning here, though this is only a guess. The English idiom used to translate this obscure word is meant to convey its special status in the diction of this otherwise unremarkable hymn.

Jamison Brereton Notes

Dawn On the lexical marks of this hymn, see published introduction. The signature word práti opens the hymn and is repeated at the beginning of the first two pādas of vs. 2 and in the middle of 3a; it returns at the beginning of the last vs. (5), thus sketching a ring.

The other signature word, fem. pres. part. vibhātī́- ‘radiating widely’ is concentrated in the latter part of the hymn, ending the pādas 3b, 4b, and 5c.

01 प्रति केतवः - त्रिष्टुप्

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प्रति॑ के॒तवः॑ प्रथ॒मा अ॑दृश्रन्नू॒र्ध्वा अ॑स्या अ॒ञ्जयो॒ वि श्र॑यन्ते ।
उषो॑ अ॒र्वाचा॑ बृह॒ता रथे॑न॒ ज्योति॑ष्मता वा॒मम॒स्मभ्यं॑ वक्षि ॥

02 प्रति षीमग्निर्जरते - त्रिष्टुप्

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प्रति॑ षीम॒ग्निर्ज॑रते॒ समि॑द्धः॒ प्रति॒ विप्रा॑सो म॒तिभि॑र्गृ॒णन्तः॑ ।
उ॒षा या॑ति॒ ज्योति॑षा॒ बाध॑माना॒ विश्वा॒ तमां॑सि दुरि॒ताप॑ दे॒वी ॥

03 एता उ - त्रिष्टुप्

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ए॒ता उ॒ त्याः प्रत्य॑दृश्रन्पु॒रस्ता॒ज्ज्योति॒र्यच्छ॑न्तीरु॒षसो॑ विभा॒तीः ।
अजी॑जन॒न्त्सूर्यं॑ य॒ज्ञम॒ग्निम॑पा॒चीनं॒ तमो॑ अगा॒दजु॑ष्टम् ॥

04 अचेति दिवो - त्रिष्टुप्

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अचे॑ति दि॒वो दु॑हि॒ता म॒घोनी॒ विश्वे॑ पश्यन्त्यु॒षसं॑ विभा॒तीम् ।
आस्था॒द्रथं॑ स्व॒धया॑ यु॒ज्यमा॑न॒मा यमश्वा॑सः सु॒युजो॒ वह॑न्ति ॥

05 प्रति त्वाद्य - त्रिष्टुप्

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प्रति॑ त्वा॒द्य सु॒मन॑सो बुधन्ता॒स्माका॑सो म॒घवा॑नो व॒यं च॑ ।
ति॒ल्वि॒ला॒यध्व॑मुषसो विभा॒तीर्यू॒यं पा॑त स्व॒स्तिभिः॒ सदा॑ नः ॥