०७६

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सायण-भाष्यम्

’ उदु ज्योतिः ’ इति सप्तर्चं षष्ठं सूक्तं त्रैष्टुभमुषस्यम् । तथा चानुक्रान्तम् - ’ उदु सप्त इति । प्रातरनुवाकाश्विनशस्त्रयोरुक्तो विनियोगः ।।

Jamison Brereton

76 (592)
Dawn
Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi
7 verses: triṣṭubh
A tightly structured hymn: the verbally responsive verses 3–4 are set within an inner ring (vss. 2, 5) with exact repetition in their final pādas (ámardhanto vásubhiḥ…). This

structure is reinforced by tense usage: the verbs in verses 1–2 are all augmented aor ists referring to the immediate past of today’s dawn; those in verses 5–7 are present indicatives and imperatives, stating general truths about the behavior of the dawns and the singers; while those in verses 3–4 are augmented imperfects (with one per
fect) referring to the distant past, which gave rise to the present situation. This structure defines verses 3–4 as an omphalos, and indeed these verses show clear omphalos features. Verse 3 contains the most intricate syntax in the hymn, while verse 4 concerns the Father’s finding of “the hidden light” in the Vala cave, the primeval model for each new dawn. Verses 3 and 4 are in reverse chronologi cal order: the Fathers find the hidden light of Dawn in verse 4, and verse 3 then describes the subsequent time with the periodic return of the Dawn, eagerly pro ceeding to the sacrifice as if to a lover, not moving slowly and reluctantly like a maiden leaving an assignation.
The exact repetition in the inner ring mentioned above is not a static feature. It participates in what we have termed “poetic repair” (Jamison 2006) and therefore provides forward movement by setting up a puzzle that is resolved later in the hymn. The adjective ámardhantaḥ “not negligent” modifies “paths” in verse 2. The com
bination seems discordant, although the hearer can construct a meaningful read ing: paths that are not negligent are those, properly maintained and “set in order,” that lead one where they are supposed to go. The application of “not negligent” to the priests in verse 5 is far easier to interpret: not negligent priests are those who properly perform the sacrifice every morning and therefore do not transgress the gods’ commandments that regulate the proper functioning of the cosmos, since by ritual logic the sacrifice causes the new day to dawn. The phrase in verse 5 thus “repairs” the more jarring one in verse 2, but the jarring phrase in verse 2 also forced the hearers to formulate a more complex conception.
As so often, consideration of poetic structure gives depth to the apparently conventional expressions and images in this hymn, which recur in so many other descriptions of Dawn.

Jamison Brereton Notes

Dawn On the intricate structure of this hymn and its relationship to verb tense, see published introduction. As noted there, vss. 1-2 have augmented aorists referring to the immediate past (áśret 1b, ajaniṣṭa 1c, akar 1d, adṛśran 2a, ábhūt 2c, ā́gāt 2d); vss. 3- 4 have augmented imperfects and one perfect referring to the more distant past (āsan 3a, 4a, dadṛkṣé 3d, avindan 4c, ajanayan 4d); and vss. 5-7 have present indicatives and imperatives stating general truths and urging action (sáṃ jānate … yatante 5b, minanti 5c, īḷate 6a, ucha 6c, jarasva 6d, ribhyate 7b).

01 उदु ज्योतिरमृतम् - त्रिष्टुप्

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उ᳓द् उ ज्यो᳓तिर् अमृ᳓तं विश्व᳓जन्यं
विश्वा᳓नरः सविता᳓ देवो᳓ अश्रेत्
क्र᳓त्वा देवा᳓नाम् अजनिष्ट च᳓क्षुर्
आवि᳓र् अकर् भु᳓वनं वि᳓श्वम् उषाः᳓

02 प्र मे - त्रिष्टुप्

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प्र᳓ मे प᳓न्था देवया᳓ना अदृश्रन्न्
अ᳓मर्धन्तो व᳓सुभिर् इ᳓ष्कृतासः
अ᳓भूद् उ केतु᳓र् उष᳓सः पुर᳓स्तात्
प्रतीची᳓ आ᳓गाद् अ᳓धि हर्मिये᳓भ्यः

03 तानीदहानि बहुलान्यासन्या - त्रिष्टुप्

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ता᳓नी᳓द् अ᳓हानि बहुला᳓नि आसन्
या᳓ प्राची᳓नम् उ᳓दिता सू᳓रियस्य
य᳓तः प᳓रि जार᳓ इवाच᳓रन्ती
उ᳓षो ददृक्षे᳓ न᳓ पु᳓नर् यती᳓व

04 त इद्देवानाम् - त्रिष्टुप्

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त᳓ इ᳓द् देवा᳓नां सधमा᳓द आसन्न्
ऋता᳓वानः कव᳓यः पूर्विया᳓सः
गूळ्हं᳓ ज्यो᳓तिः पित᳓रो अ᳓न्व् अविन्दन्
सत्य᳓मन्त्रा अजनयन्न् उषा᳓सम्

05 समान ऊर्वे - त्रिष्टुप्

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समान᳓ ऊर्वे᳓ अ᳓धि सं᳓गतासः
सं᳓ जानते न᳓ यतन्ते मिथ᳓स् ते᳓
ते᳓ देवा᳓नां न᳓ मिनन्ति व्रता᳓नि
अ᳓मर्धन्तो व᳓सुभिर् या᳓दमानाः

06 प्रति त्वा - त्रिष्टुप्

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प्र᳓ति त्वा स्तो᳓मैर् ईळते व᳓सिष्ठा
उषर्बु᳓धः सुभगे तुष्टुवां᳓सः
ग᳓वां नेत्री᳓ वा᳓जपत्नी न उछ
उ᳓षः सुजाते प्रथमा᳓ जरस्व

07 एषा नेत्री - त्रिष्टुप्

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एषा᳓ नेत्री᳓ रा᳓धसः सूनृ᳓तानाम्
उषा᳓ उछ᳓न्ती रिभ्यते व᳓सिष्ठैः
दीर्घश्रु᳓तं रयि᳓म् अस्मे᳓ द᳓धाना
यूय᳓म् पात सुअस्ति᳓भिः स᳓दा नः