०६९

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘आ वां रथः’ इत्यष्टर्चं चतुर्दशं सूक्तं वसिष्ठस्यार्षं त्रैष्टुभमाश्विनम् । अनुक्रम्यते च - ’आ वां रथोऽष्टौ ’ इति । प्रातरनुवाकाश्विनशस्त्रयोर्विनियोग उक्तः ॥

Jamison Brereton

69 (585)
Aśvins
Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi
8 verses: triṣṭubh
The hymn is dominated by the chariot of the Aśvins and the theme of the journey of the Aśvins. The poet opens with the chariot (rátha) and refers to it, often explic itly, in every verse. In verse 1 the poet describes their “golden chariot,” whose bril liance reflects the morning light that accompanies its advent. The final pāda of the verse takes an interesting turn. The chariot is first called voḷhár “conveyor,” a term that ordinarily refers to the chariot driver (as in I.144.3d, VI.64.3d, VII.2.35c) or the horse that pulls a chariot (IX.81.2b, 96.15d, 112.4a). But here and in the simi lar pāda VII.71.4a, it describes the chariot itself, attributing agency to it. But then the poet also calls—or appears to call—the chariot nŕ̥pati “lord of men,” which should describe the Aśvins themselves, as it does in VII.71.4. Geldner suggests that it could be a luptopamā, a comparison in which the particle of comparison has been omitted: “(wie) ein Fürst.” Renou (EVP XVI: 48) describes the figure as a sort of hypallage caused by the juxtaposition rátho nr̥patī in VII.71.4. Renou is likely right that the pāda responds to VII.71.4, but it rather appears to be a semantic expansion of the chariot so that it includes or rather becomes the horses that pull it and the drivers who direct it. Also in verse 3 the chariot again takes the role of a groom, “clasping the bride,” who is being carried on the chariot to her marriage. Behind this semantic expansion of the chariot, if that is what is occurring, may be the image of the Aśvins’ chariot as the sacrifice itself. Note that the chariot is described as “having tracks of ghee” (vs. 1c) and “three chariot-boxes” (vs. 2b), corresponding to the three soma-pressings. The chariot is not just the sacrifice, however. As usual, it remains the chariot that brings the Aśvins to the sacrifice, as well as being the sacrifice, at least in these opening verses.
The theme of the journey of the Aśvins is marked by verbal derivatives of √yā “journey,” which appear in every verse except verses 4 and 7. These two verses refer to the great deeds of the Aśvins: how they brought the daughter of the Sun to her marriage, how they rescued Atri from the heat of a pit oven, and how they saved Bhujyu from the sea. The Aśvins’ chariot and thereby the theme of journeying are involved in all of these rescues.

01 आ वाम् - त्रिष्टुप्

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आ᳓ वां र᳓थो रो᳓दसी बद्बधानो᳓
हिरण्य᳓यो वृ᳓षभिर् यातु अ᳓श्वैः
घृत᳓वर्तनिः पवि᳓भी रुचान᳓
इषां᳓ वोळ्हा᳓ नृप᳓तिर् वाजि᳓नीवान्

02 स पप्रथानो - त्रिष्टुप्

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स᳓ पप्रथानो᳓ अभि᳓ प᳓ञ्च भू᳓मा
त्रिवन्धुरो᳓ म᳓नसा᳓ यातु युक्तः᳓
वि᳓शो ये᳓न ग᳓छथो देवय᳓न्तीः
कु᳓त्रा चिद् या᳓मम् अश्विना द᳓धाना

03 स्वश्वा यशसा - त्रिष्टुप्

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सुअ᳓श्वा यश᳓सा आ᳓ यातम् अर्वा᳓ग्
द᳓स्रा निधि᳓म् म᳓धुमन्तम् पिबाथः
वि᳓ वां र᳓थो वधु᳓वा या᳓दमानो
अ᳓न्तान् दिवो᳓ बाधते वर्तनि᳓भ्याम्

04 युवोः श्रियम् - त्रिष्टुप्

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युवोः᳓ श्रि᳓यम् प᳓रि यो᳓षावृणीत
सू᳓रो दुहिता᳓ प᳓रितक्मियायाम्
य᳓द् देवय᳓न्तम् अ᳓वथः श᳓चीभिः
प᳓रि घ्रंस᳓म् ओम᳓ना वां व᳓यो गात्

05 यो ह - त्रिष्टुप्

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यो᳓ ह स्य᳓ वां रथिरा व᳓स्त उस्रा᳓
र᳓थो युजानः᳓ परिया᳓ति वर्तिः᳓
ते᳓न नः शं᳓ यो᳓र् उष᳓सो वि᳓उष्टौ
नि᳓ अश्विना वहतं यज्ञे᳓ अस्मि᳓न्

06 नरा गौरेव - त्रिष्टुप्

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न᳓रा गौरे᳓व विद्यु᳓तं तृषाणा᳓
अस्मा᳓कम् अद्य᳓ स᳓वनो᳓प यातम्
पुरुत्रा᳓ हि᳓ वाम् मति᳓भिर् ह᳓वन्ते
मा᳓ वाम् अन्ये᳓ नि᳓ यमन् देवय᳓न्तः

07 युवं भुज्युमवविद्धम् - त्रिष्टुप्

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युव᳓म् भुज्यु᳓म् अ᳓वविद्धं समुद्र᳓
उ᳓द् ऊहथुर् अ᳓र्णसो अ᳓स्रिधानैः
पतत्रि᳓भिर् अश्रमइ᳓र् अव्यथि᳓भिर्
दंस᳓नाभिर् अश्विना पार᳓यन्ता

08 नू मे - त्रिष्टुप्

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नू᳓ मे ह᳓वम् आ᳓ शृणुतं युवाना
यासिष्टं᳓ वर्ति᳓र् अश्विनाव् इ᳓रावत्
धत्तं᳓ र᳓त्नानि ज᳓रतं च सूरी᳓न्
यूय᳓म् पात सुअस्ति᳓भिः स᳓दा नः