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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘आ शुभा यातम्’ इति नवर्चं त्रयोदशं सूक्तं वसिष्ठस्यार्षमाश्विनम् । आदितः सप्त विराजोऽष्टमीनवम्यौ त्रिष्टुभौ । अनुक्रम्यते च— आ शुभ्रा नव सप्ताद्या विराजः’ इति । सूक्तविनियोगो लैङ्गिकः ॥

Jamison Brereton

68 (584)
Aśvins
Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi
9 verses: virāj 1–7, triṣṭubh 8–9
In its first four verses the hymn opens with an invitation to the Aśvins to come to the sacrifice in the early morning and to receive the soma offerings being made to them. In verse 3 the Aśvins come with the daughter of the Sun, Sūryā, which marks this as a morning hymn (cf. also vs. 9). In verse 4c the vípra “inspired poet” is likely the reciter of the hymn, but in 4ab the pressing stone also sounds as it crushes the soma stalks, and therefore it too could be the poet in the latter half of the verse. The stone prepares the soma offerings, so the reference to the oblations in 4c would also be appropriate to it.
Then in the second set of four verses (vss. 5–8) the poet briefly describes great deeds of the Aśvins and four of the past figures whom they helped. In verses 6 and 8 the poet mentions the offerings of Cyavāna havirdā́ “the giver of offerings” and their summons (hūyámāna) by Śayu, words that echo the present offerings (havís, 2b) and the calls to the Aśvins (hávana, 2c).
Verse 5 alludes to the story of Atri, who was rescued from the heat of a pit oven by the Aśvins and who received sustenance from them. That is to say, the Aśvins rescued him with food and from becoming treated like food. In this verse the poet refers to the “sustenance” (bhójana) and the “relief” (omán) Atri receives. Similarly, in I.116.8 the Aśvins give Atri “nourishment together with solid food” (pitumátīm ū́rjam) and in 118.7 they give “nourishment” and “relief” (ū́rjam omā́nam). Geldner suggests that Atri receives from the Aśvins an elixir that restores him to life, but these descriptions suggest more mundane gifts of food and drink that saved Atri from starvation.
In verse 7 Bhujyu’s evil-intentioned companions include his father, Tugra, who left him behind (I.116.3, 119.8). But somehow the Aśvins changed Tugra’s mind and rescued Bhujyu through Tugra, who, as the description yuvā́ku “seek ing you” implies, was a worshiper of the Aśvins (cf. I.117.14). In verse 8 the poet refers to the Aśvins’ willingness to come to the rescue even of a “wolf,” of a bad person, who is “starving” (jásamāna). This applies to Śayu, since he was once

“starving” (jásuri, I.116.22), but the Aśvins rescued him by making his sterile cow give milk.
In the final verse (vs. 9), which is reminiscent of the first verse of the previous hymn, the poet alludes to the cow that the Aśvins swell in verse 8. Geldner under stands the cow to represent the gifts that the poet receives from the sacrificer, but more likely it is the poem itself, which will yield good things for the poet. Note that the poem is the focus of 9ab, which refers to “good hymns” and “good thoughts.” The verb jarate, translated here as “awakens,” can also mean “sings,” and the hymn’s audience would surely have been aware of the double sense.

01 आ शुभ्रा - विराट्

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आ᳓ शुभ्रा यातम् अश्विना सुअ᳓श्वा
गि᳓रो दस्रा जुजुषाणा᳓ युवा᳓कोः
हव्या᳓नि च प्र᳓तिभृता वीतं᳓ नः

02 प्र वामन्धांसि - विराट्

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प्र᳓ वाम् अ᳓न्धांसि म᳓दियानि अस्थुर्
अ᳓रं गन्तं हवि᳓षो वीत᳓ये मे
तिरो᳓ अर्यो᳓ ह᳓वनानि श्रुतं᳓ नः

03 प्र वाम् - विराट्

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प्र᳓ वां र᳓थो म᳓नोजवा इयर्ति
तिरो᳓ र᳓जांसि अश्विना शतो᳓तिः
अस्म᳓भ्यं सूरियावसू इयानः᳓

04 अयं ह - विराट्

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अयं᳓ ह य᳓द् वां देवया᳓ उ अ᳓द्रिर्
ऊर्ध्वो᳓ वि᳓वक्ति सोमसु᳓द् युव᳓भ्याम्
आ᳓ वल्गू᳓ वि᳓प्रो ववृतीत हव्यइः᳓

05 चित्रं ह - विराट्

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चित्रं᳓ ह य᳓द् वाम् भो᳓जनं नु अ᳓स्ति
नि᳓ अ᳓त्रये म᳓हिष्वन्तं युयोतम्
यो᳓ वाम् ओमा᳓नं द᳓धते प्रियः᳓ स᳓न्

06 उत त्यद्वाम् - विराट्

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उत᳓ त्य᳓द् वां जुरते᳓ अश्विना भूच्
च्य᳓वानाय प्रती᳓तियं हविर्दे᳓
अ᳓धि य᳓द् व᳓र्प इत᳓ऊति धत्थः᳓

07 उत त्यम् - विराट्

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उत᳓ त्य᳓म् भुज्यु᳓म् अश्विना स᳓खायो
म᳓ध्ये जहुर् दुरे᳓वासः समुद्रे᳓
नि᳓र् ईम् पर्षद् अ᳓रावा यो᳓ युवा᳓कुः

08 वृकाय चिज्जसमानाय - त्रिष्टुप्

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वृ᳓काय चिज् ज᳓समानाय शक्तम्
उत᳓ श्रुतं शय᳓वे हूय᳓माना
या᳓व् अघ्निया᳓म् अ᳓पिन्वतम् अपो᳓ न᳓
स्तर्यं᳡ चिच् छक्ती᳓ अश्विना श᳓चीभिः

09 एष स्य - त्रिष्टुप्

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एष᳓ स्य᳓ कारु᳓र् जरते सुउक्तइ᳓र्
अ᳓ग्रे बुधान᳓ उष᳓सां सुम᳓न्मा
इषा᳓ तं᳓ वर्धद् अघ्निया᳓ प᳓योभिर्
यूय᳓म् पात सुअस्ति᳓भिः स᳓दा नः