०४८

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘ ऋभुक्षणः’ इति चतुर्ऋचं पञ्चदशं सूक्तं वसिष्ठस्यार्षं त्रैष्टुभमृभुदेवताकम् । अन्त्याया विकल्पेन विश्वे देवा देवता । तथा चानुक्रान्तम् - ऋभुक्षण आर्भवमन्त्या वैश्वदेवी वा ’ इति । दशमेऽहनि वैश्वदेवशस्त्र आर्भवनिविद्धानम् । सूत्र्यते हि - ‘ ऋभुक्षण इत्यार्भवम् ’ (आश्व. श्रौ. ८. १२) इति ॥

Jamison Brereton

48 (564)
R̥bhus
Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi
4 verses: triṣṭubh
The three R̥bhus are most commonly named R̥bhu, Vāja, and Vibhvan, and they stand alongside Indra, who is sometimes called r̥bhukṣán “Master of the R̥bhus,”

although r̥bhukṣán can also be a description or name for R̥bhu, as it clearly is in 3c and must also be in 1a. Here as elsewhere the three R̥bhus can be invoked by the name of any one of them in the plural. A partial exception is that the stem vibhván or víbhvan is replaced by víbhū or vibhú in the plural to name Vibhvan and the other two R̥bhus. Further, in this hymn verse 2 employs víbhvaḥ as an equivalent to víbhvā(m̐), the nominative of Vibhvan. Although the use of the plural of one name to designate the three gods is peculiar in translation, we have retained the Vedic idiom to avoid prolonging the addresses to the gods.
The complex mixing of stems and singular and plural forms in such a short hymn suggests that the poet is deliberately drawing attention to the names of the R̥bhus and their meanings. Such a strategy is probably behind the repetitions in verse 2, which mentions “R̥bhu with the R̥bhus,” then “Vibhvan” (or more accu
rately “Vibhva”) “with the Vibhus,” and “Vāja…in winning the vā́ja.” The mean ing of r̥bhú is approximately “craftsman,” víbhū and vibhú are “far-ranging,” and vā́ja is “prize.” These are all things or imply qualities that the sacrificers want, and indeed in 2ab the poet asks that the sacrificers be a “R̥bhu” or “a craftsman” and a “Vibhvan” or “far-ranging” in the company of R̥bhus and Vibhus in order to win a vā́ja, a prize.

01 ऋभुक्षणो वाजा - त्रिष्टुप्

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ऋभु॑क्षणो वाजा मा॒दय॑ध्वम॒स्मे न॑रो मघवानः सु॒तस्य॑ ।
आ वो॒ऽर्वाचः॒ क्रत॑वो॒ न या॒तां विभ्वो॒ रथं॒ नर्यं॑ वर्तयन्तु ॥

02 ऋभुऋड़्भुभिरभि वः - त्रिष्टुप्

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ऋ॒भुरृ॒भुभि॑र॒भि वः॑ स्याम॒ विभ्वो॑ वि॒भुभिः॒ शव॑सा॒ शवां॑सि ।
वाजो॑ अ॒स्माँ अ॑वतु॒ वाज॑साता॒विन्द्रे॑ण यु॒जा त॑रुषेम वृ॒त्रम् ॥

03 ते चिद्धि - त्रिष्टुप्

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ते चि॒द्धि पू॒र्वीर॒भि सन्ति॑ शा॒सा विश्वाँ॑ अ॒र्य उ॑प॒रता॑ति वन्वन् ।
इन्द्रो॒ विभ्वाँ॑ ऋभु॒क्षा वाजो॑ अ॒र्यः शत्रो॑र्मिथ॒त्या कृ॑णव॒न्वि नृ॒म्णम् ॥

04 नू देवासो - त्रिष्टुप्

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नू दे॑वासो॒ वरि॑वः कर्तना नो भू॒त नो॒ विश्वेऽव॑से स॒जोषाः॑ ।
सम॒स्मे इषं॒ वस॑वो ददीरन्यू॒यं पा॑त स्व॒स्तिभिः॒ सदा॑ नः ॥