०३८

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘उदु ष्य देवः’ इत्यष्टर्चं पञ्चमं सूक्तं वसिष्ठस्यार्षं त्रैष्टुभं सवितृदेवताकम् । सप्तम्यष्टम्यौ वाजिदेवताके। ‘भगमुग्रोऽवसे ’ इत्यर्धर्चो भगदेवत्यः सावित्रो वा । तथा चानुक्रमणिका - उदु ष्य सावित्रमन्त्ये वाजिन्यौ भगमिति भागो वार्धर्चः’ इति । गतः सूक्तविनियोगः ॥

Jamison Brereton

38 (554)
Savitar, except Savitar or Bhaga (6cd), Prizewinning Horses (7–8)
Vasiṣṭha Maitrāvaruṇi
8 verses: triṣṭubh
Although the Anukramaṇī assigns most of this hymn to Savitar, with possibly a half-verse to Bhaga and the final two verses to the Vājins (prizewinning horses), it seems more likely to have been an All God hymn in original conception. It is found in the middle of the All God hymns of the VIIth Maṇḍala in proper sequence as to meter and number of verses, and, in addition to Savitar, mentions a number of divinities, including several minor ones found also in the surrounding All God hymns: see especially verse 5 with the Gift-Escorts (also VII.34.22, 23; 35.11; 40.6), Ahi Budhnya (the Serpent of the Deep; also VII.34.17; 35.13), and the Shielding Goddess(es); also VII.34.22; 40.6). The mysterious Ekadhenus (literally, “having a single milk-cow”) are found only here. It is not unusual in an All God hymn for a single god to predominate and others to be mentioned only in passing; compare nearby VII.37 with its primary focus on Indra and the R̥bhus.
Savitar’s role is most prominent in the first two verses, where, as usual, he stands up and raises his emblem, demonstrating his power to impel and compel. The group of gods known as Vasus praises him in verse 3; Aditi and the Ādityas greet him in verse 4; and, as already mentioned, several minor divinities are found in verse 5. As often, the god Bhaga (“Fortune”) is invoked along with Savitar (vss. 1 and 6) as the distributor of goods, which we seek. The last two verses (7–8) concern the “prize
winners” (vājín). This word is frequently a descriptor of horses in competition, and a number of scholars consider the reference here to be actual horses in the human realm. However, the sacrificial context in these two verses is strong, and on the basis of phraseological parallels we consider the referents to be the Maruts (who are called prizewinners in VII.36.7, while the phrase “let the Maruts of good chant be luck for us” is found in VII.35.9).

Jamison Brereton Notes

Savitar [/All Gods] On the likelihood that this is actually an All Gods hymn, despite the Anukr.’s ascription to Savitar and the domination of Savitar in the first vss., see published introduction.

01 उदु ष्य - त्रिष्टुप्

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उदु॒ ष्य दे॒वः स॑वि॒ता य॑याम हिर॒ण्ययी॑म॒मतिं॒ यामशि॑श्रेत् ।
नू॒नं भगो॒ हव्यो॒ मानु॑षेभि॒र्वि यो रत्ना॑ पुरू॒वसु॒र्दधा॑ति ॥

02 उदु तिष्ट - त्रिष्टुप्

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उदु॑ तिष्ठ सवितः श्रु॒ध्य१॒॑स्य हिर॑ण्यपाणे॒ प्रभृ॑तावृ॒तस्य॑ ।
व्यु१॒॑र्वीं पृ॒थ्वीम॒मतिं॑ सृजा॒न आ नृभ्यो॑ मर्त॒भोज॑नं सुवा॒नः ॥

03 अपि ष्थुतः - त्रिष्टुप्

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अपि॑ ष्टु॒तः स॑वि॒ता दे॒वो अ॑स्तु॒ यमा चि॒द्विश्वे॒ वस॑वो गृ॒णन्ति॑ ।
स नः॒ स्तोमा॑न्नम॒स्य१॒॑श्चनो॑ धा॒द्विश्वे॑भिः पातु पा॒युभि॒र्नि सू॒रीन् ॥

04 अभि यम् - त्रिष्टुप्

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अ॒भि यं दे॒व्यदि॑तिर्गृ॒णाति॑ स॒वं दे॒वस्य॑ सवि॒तुर्जु॑षा॒णा ।
अ॒भि स॒म्राजो॒ वरु॑णो गृणन्त्य॒भि मि॒त्रासो॑ अर्य॒मा स॒जोषाः॑ ॥

05 अभि ये - त्रिष्टुप्

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अ॒भि ये मि॒थो व॒नुषः॒ सप॑न्ते रा॒तिं दि॒वो रा॑ति॒षाचः॑ पृथि॒व्याः ।
अहि॑र्बु॒ध्न्य॑ उ॒त नः॑ शृणोतु॒ वरू॒त्र्येक॑धेनुभि॒र्नि पा॑तु ॥

06 अनु तन्नो - त्रिष्टुप्

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अनु॒ तन्नो॒ जास्पति॑र्मंसीष्ट॒ रत्नं॑ दे॒वस्य॑ सवि॒तुरि॑या॒नः ।
भग॑मु॒ग्रोऽव॑से॒ जोह॑वीति॒ भग॒मनु॑ग्रो॒ अध॑ याति॒ रत्न॑म् ॥

07 शं नो - त्रिष्टुप्

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शं नो॑ भवन्तु वा॒जिनो॒ हवे॑षु दे॒वता॑ता मि॒तद्र॑वः स्व॒र्काः ।
ज॒म्भय॒न्तोऽहिं॒ वृकं॒ रक्षां॑सि॒ सने॑म्य॒स्मद्यु॑यव॒न्नमी॑वाः ॥

08 वाजेवाजेऽवत वाजिनो - त्रिष्टुप्

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वाजे॑वाजे ऽवत वाजिनो! नो॒
धने॑षु, विप्रा! अमृता! ऋत-ज्ञाः ।
अ॒स्य मध्वः॑ पिबत मा॒दय॑ध्वं
तृ॒प्ता या॑त प॒थिभि॑र् देव॒-यानैः॑ ॥