०१३

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

तुव᳓द् वि᳓श्वा सुभग सउ᳓भगानि
अ᳓ग्ने वि᳓ यन्ति वनि᳓नो न᳓ वयाः᳓
श्रुष्टी᳓ रयि᳓र् · वा᳓जो वृत्रतू᳓र्ये
दिवो᳓ वृष्टि᳓र् ई᳓डियो रीति᳓र् अपा᳓म्

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
saúbhagāni ← saúbhaga- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

subhaga ← subhága- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

tvát ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ABL, number:SG}

víśvā ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:PL}

ágne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)

vanínaḥ ← vanín- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

vayā́ḥ ← vayā́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

ví ← ví (invariable)

yanti ← √i- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

rayíḥ ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śruṣṭī́ ← śruṣṭí- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

vā́jaḥ ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vr̥tratū́rye ← vr̥tratū́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

apā́m ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:F, number:PL}

diváḥ ← dyú- ~ div- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

ī́ḍyaḥ ← ī́ḍya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

rītíḥ ← rītí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}

vr̥ṣṭíḥ ← vr̥ṣṭí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}

त्वत् । विश्वा॑ । सु॒ऽभ॒ग॒ । सौभ॑गानि । अग्ने॑ । वि । या॒न्ति॒ । व॒निनः॑ । न । व॒याः ।
श्रु॒ष्टी । र॒यिः । वाजः॑ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽतूर्ये॑ । दि॒वः । वृ॒ष्टिः । ईड्यः॑ । री॒तिः । अ॒पाम् ॥

• tvad ← tvat ← tvad
• [noun], ablative, singular
• “you.”

• viśvā ← viśva
• [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• subhaga
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “beautiful; auspicious; beloved; fine-looking; fortunate; subhaga [word]; charming; pleasing; lucky.”

• saubhagāny ← saubhagāni ← saubhaga
• [noun], nominative, plural, neuter
• “well-being.”

• agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• vi
• [adverb]
• “apart; away; away.”

• yanti ← i
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

• vanino ← vaninaḥ ← vanin
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “tree.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• vayāḥ ← vayā
• [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
• “branch; branchlet.”

• śruṣṭī ← śruṣṭiḥ ← śruṣṭi
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine

• rayir ← rayiḥ ← rayi
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “wealth; property.”

• vājo ← vājaḥ ← vāja
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• vṛtratūrye ← vṛtratūrya
• [noun], locative, singular, neuter
• “battle.”

• divo ← divaḥ ← div
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

• vṛṣṭir ← vṛṣṭiḥ ← vṛṣṭi
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
• “rain; shower; rainy season.”

• īḍyo ← īḍyā ← īḍ
• [verb noun], nominative, singular
• “praise; invite; raise.”

• īḍyo ← u
• [adverb]
• “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

• rītir ← rītiḥ ← rīti
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
• “brass; rītikā; method; bell metal; stream; expressive style; manner.”

• apām ← ap
• [noun], genitive, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

हे सुभग शोभनधन अग्ने विश्वा विश्वानि सर्वाणि सौभगानि धनानि त्वत् त्वत्तः वि यन्ति विविधं निर्गच्छन्ति । हिरण्यमूलत्वात् सर्वेषां धनानां हिरण्यं चाग्नेः सकाशादुत्पन्नम्। तस्य रेतः परापतत्तद्धिरण्यमभवत् ’ (तै. ब्रा. १. १. ३. ८) इति श्रुतेः । निर्गमने दृष्टान्तः । वनिनो न वयाः । यथा वृक्षाच्छाखा विविधं निर्गच्छन्ति तद्वत् । तथा रयिः पशुसंघश्च त्वत्सकाशादेव श्रुष्टी क्षिप्रं व्येति निर्गच्छति । ‘ पशवो वै रयिः पशूनेवावरुन्धे ’ (तै. सं. १. ५. ७.२) इति तैत्तिरीयकम् । वृत्रतूर्ये वृत्राणां शत्रूणां हिंसके संग्रामे शत्रून् जेतुं वाजः बलं च त्वत्तो व्येति । दिवः अन्तरिक्षात् या वृष्टिः सापि त्वत्त एव व्येति । ‘ अग्नौ प्रास्ताहुतिः सम्यगादित्यमुपतिष्ठते । आदित्याज्जायते वृष्टिर्वृष्टेरन्नं ततः प्रजाः ’ ( मनु. ३.७६ ) इति स्मरणात् । अतस्त्वम् ईड्यः सर्वैः स्तुत्यः सन् अपाम् उदकानां रीतिः गमयिता भवसि ॥

English translation:

“Auspicious Agni, all good things proceed from you like branches (from the trunk) of a tree, renowned rices, vigour for the destruction of foes, the rain of heaven; you are to be glorified the sender of the waters.”

From you, well-portioned one, do all good portions spread out, like branches from a tree—
at your attentive hearing—wealth, the victory prize at the overcoming of obstacles, rain from heaven, the streaming of waters, (everything that is) to be reverently invoked.

This vs. is beset with small difficulties, which add up. To begin with, what should be done with dúvaḥ in the first pāda? Since the first hemistich has only a single expressed verb, jujóṣa, the question is whether both dúvaḥ ‘friendship’ and dhíyam ‘insight’ are objects of this verb. Renou (flg. Gonda) takes the two nouns as appositional and both objects of jujóṣa: “Le mortel qui a-toujours gouté en Agni le privilège (de) la vision-poétique,” but this depends on his particular interpr. of dúvasand, even with that, doesn’t make a lot of sense to me. Geldner in his n. 1ab calls jujóṣa a Zeugma, which I think ought to mean that both nouns are its object, with slightly different senses of the verb – but in fact he supplies a separate verb with dúvaḥ: “Welcher Sterblicher Agni die schuldige Achtung (erweist) und mit seinen Gedanken gern (seiner) gedenkt.” Since he seems to take dhíyaṃ jujóṣa as a phrasal verb “gern (seiner) gedenkt” [think well of him, vel sim.], he may be using Zeugma in a different sense (unless he’s taking “erweist” as a different sense of jujóṣa). But I do not see submerging the distinct sense of √juṣ ‘taste, enjoy’ into an anodyne idiom with dhī́-, ‘think well of’, and I don’t see how he could get that out of the two words that go into it. In the published translation my solution to the dúvaḥ problem was to supply a form of √dhā as in IV.8.6 (also adduced by Geldner), I.4.5, VII.20.6, all with acc. dúvas- + LOC, as here. It would also be possible to supply a form of √kṛ, as in III.16.4, IV.2.9, VIII.31.9 with the same complements. However, the two hymns following this one each contain a form of √van ‘win’ with dúvas- as obj.: VI.15.6, 16.18, and I would therefore change my tr. to “(has won/wins) friendship in/by Agni.” In the second pāda we encounter two closely related stems: the root noun dhī́- as object of jujóṣa and the instr. dhītíbhiḥ to the -tí-stem to the same root, and some distinction must be meant. In my opinion, dhītí-, esp. in the plural, are generally the insightful thoughts of the human poet, whereas dhī́- can be the insight that gods bestow on that very poet and that gives rise to his dhītí-, and those two values are found in our passage: the poet savors the dhī́- that Agni provides him, which is manifested in the poet’s dhītí-.

The second hemistich presents more problems, beginning with the first word: bhásan is analyzed by the Pp. as bhásat, hence as a finite verb form – either an injunc. to a thematic stem bhása- (so Grassmann, Macdonell VGS, tentatively Whitney Rts) or the subjunctive to a root aor. (so Gotō, 1st Kl, 82; also EWA s.v. BHAS1 ). This is not impossible, but I take the underlying form to be the same as the sandhi form, bhásan, and, with Oldenberg (ZDMG 55.305-6, Noten), identify it as a act. part. nom. sg. masc. The question is to what stem. Although as just noted, the older authorities posit a them.

pres. bhása-, in fact the other two forms to this putative stem, bhásat VI.3.4 and bhasáthas VI.59.4, are more likely root aor. subjunctives (see Gotō ref. above and my comm. ad locc.) Of course, a root aor. participle should technically be *psán, but one wonders how long that would last. In any case, taking it as a finite form would not appreciably change the meaning of the hemistich; in that case I would alter the tr.

to “he will chew it now; he should …” The pāda-medial sequence X nú ṣá prá is somewhat puzzling, since both ṣá and prá seem out of place. Grassmann takes prá with bhásan, but I think it goes more naturally with vurīta, though in either case the position of the preverb is odd. I’m also not sure what, if anything, the retroflection of ṣá after nú is telling us. I have found no other examples of this sequence, though cf. VIII.27.18 with … páro nú sā́#, without retroflection.

The next question is what √bhas ‘bite, chew’ is doing in this context. Geldner tr.

“der soll zuerst den Mund auftun,” remarking in his n. 1c that it means something like ‘yawn, gape’ – but he doesn’t explain what this means in context. Both Oldenberg and Renou supply “enemies” as obj. (e.g., Oldenberg “… möge (seine Feinde) zermalmend”); this makes somewhat more sense, esp. given the hostile sentiments later in the hymn. But I think it can be better integrated into the context of the vs. in which it’s found. The vs. has a sequence of verbs √juṣ ‘taste, savor, enjoy’ – √bhas ‘bite, chew’ – íṣam √vṛ ‘choose (as) refreshment / nourishment’, all centering on eating. In my view they all take the same object, dhíyam, and all metaphorically refer to the mortal poet’s eating the insight that Agni has conferred on him – that is, consuming it and turning it into his own substance. It is a striking image.

FROM thee, as branches from a tree, O Agni, from thee, Auspicious God! spring all our blessings-
Wealth swiftly, strength in battle with our foemen, the rain besought of heaven, the flow of waters.

Von dir, holder Agni, gehen alle Glücksgüter aus wie eines Baumes Zweige, - was man erbitten soll, Erhörung, Reichtum, Beute bei dem Sieg über den Feind, des Himmels Regen, fließen der Gewässer.

Von dir gehn aus, wie Zweige von dem Waldbaum, beglückter Agni, alle Glückesgüter: Erhörung, Reichthum, Beute in der Feindschlacht, des Himmels Regen, Wasserströme, Labung.

От тебя, о милостивый, все милости
Исходят, о Агни, словно ветви от дерева:
Желание услышать просьбу, богатство, награда при победе над врагами,
Дождь с неба, течение вод – (ты) достоин призывов.

• अग्निः
• भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• पङ्क्तिः
• पञ्चमः

फिर राजा से क्या प्राप्त होता है, इस विषय को कहते हैं ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे (सुभग) सुन्दर ऐश्वर्य्यवाले (अग्ने) अग्नि के सदृश विद्वज्जन वा राजन् ! (वनिनः) वनसम्बन्धी (वयाः) पक्षी (न) जैसे वैसे जन (त्वत्) आप से (विश्वा) सम्पूर्ण (सौभगानि) ऐश्वर्यों के भावों को (वि, यन्ति) विशेष कर प्राप्त होते हैं (वृत्रतूर्य्ये) मेघ का हनन जिसमें उसके सदृश वर्त्तमान संग्राम में (दिवः) अन्तरिक्ष से (अपाम्) जलों की (वृष्टिः) वृष्टि के सदृश (रीतिः) श्लिष्ट जानने वा प्रकाश करानेवाला (ईड्यः) स्तुति करने योग्य (रयिः) धन और (वाजः) अन्न (श्रुष्टी) शीघ्र प्राप्त होते हैं, इससे आप सत्कार करने योग्य हैं ॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में उपमालङ्कार है। जैसे सूर्य्य अन्तरिक्ष से वृष्टि करके सम्पूर्ण जगत् को तृप्त करता है, वैसे ही राजा न्याय से युक्त पुरुषार्थ से ऐश्वर्य्यों को बढ़ा कर प्रजाओं को निरन्तर तृप्त करे ॥१॥

अन्वय: हे सुभगाऽग्ने राजन् ! वनिनो वया न जनास्त्वद्विश्वा सौभगानि वि यन्ति वृत्रतूर्य्ये दिवोऽपां वृष्टिरिव रीतिरीड्यो रयिर्वाजश्च श्रुष्टी यन्ति तस्माद्भवान्त्सत्कर्त्तव्यो भवति ॥१॥

पुनर्नृपात् किं प्राप्नोतीत्याह ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (त्वत्) (विश्वा) सर्वाणि (सुभग) शोभनैश्वर्य्य (सौभगानि) सुभगानामैश्वर्य्याणां भावान् (अग्ने) वह्निरिव विद्वन् (वि) (यन्ति) प्राप्नुवन्ति (वनिनः) वनसम्बन्धिनः (न) इव (वयाः) पक्षिणः (श्रुष्टी) क्षिप्रम्। अत्र संहितायामिति दीर्घः। (रयिः) धनम् (वाजः) अन्नम् (वृत्रतूर्य्ये) वृत्रस्यमेघस्य तूर्य्यं हननं यत्र तद्वद्वर्त्तमाने सङ्ग्रामे (दिवः) अन्तरिक्षात् (वृष्टिः) (ईड्यः) स्तोतुमर्हः (रीतिः) श्लिष्टो गन्ता गमयिता वा (अपाम्) जलानाम् ॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - अत्रोपमालङ्कारः। यथा सूर्योऽन्तरिक्षाद् वृष्टिं कृत्वा सर्वं जगत् तर्पयति तथैव राजा न्याययुक्तात्पुरुषार्थादैश्वर्याणि वर्धयित्वा प्रजाः सततं तर्पयेत् ॥१॥

या सूक्तात अग्नी, विद्वान व राजाचे गुणवर्णन असल्यामुळे या सूक्ताच्या अर्थाची पूर्व सूक्तार्थाबरोबर संगती जाणावी.

भावार्थभाषाः - या मंत्रात उपमालंकार आहे. जसा सूर्य अंतरिक्षात वृष्टी करून संपूर्ण जगाला तृप्त करतो तसे राजाने न्याययुक्त पुरुषार्थ करून ऐश्वर्य वाढवावे व प्रजेला सतत तृप्त करावे. ॥ १ ॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

तुव᳓म् भ᳓गो न आ᳓ हि᳓ र᳓त्नम् इषे᳓
प᳓रिज्मेव क्षयसि दस्म᳓वर्चाः
अ᳓ग्ने मित्रो᳓ न᳓ बृहत᳓ ऋत᳓स्य
अ᳓सि क्षत्ता᳓ वाम᳓स्य देव भू᳓रेः

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

bhágaḥ ← bhága- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

hí ← hí (invariable)

iṣé ← íṣ- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

rátnam ← rátna- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

dasmávarcāḥ ← dasmávarcas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

iva ← iva (invariable)

kṣayasi ← √kṣā- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

párijmā ← párijman- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ágne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

br̥hatáḥ ← br̥hánt- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, number:SG}

mitráḥ ← mitrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ná ← ná (invariable)

r̥tásya ← r̥tá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

ási ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

bhū́reḥ ← bhū́ri- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

deva ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

kṣattā́ ← kṣattár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vāmásya ← vāmá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

त्वम् । भगः॑ । नः॒ । आ । हि । रत्न॑म् । इ॒षे । परि॑ज्माऽइव । क्ष॒य॒सि॒ । द॒स्मऽव॑र्चाः ।
अग्ने॑ । मि॒त्रः । न । बृ॒ह॒तः । ऋ॒तस्य॑ । असि॑ । क्ष॒त्ता । वा॒मस्य॑ । दे॒व॒ । भूरेः॑ ॥

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• bhago ← bhagaḥ ← bhaga
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Bhaga; vulva; good fortune; vagina; bhaga [word]; sun; well-being; happiness; overlord.”

• na ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], genitive, plural
• “I; mine.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• hi
• [adverb]
• “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

• ratnam ← ratna
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “jewel; wealth; best; treasure; vajra; property; jewel; ruby; jewelry.”

• iṣe ← iṣ
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”

• parijmeva ← parijmā ← parijman
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “encompassing(a).”

• parijmeva ← iva
• [adverb]
• “like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

• kṣayasi ← kṣi
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “govern; inhabit; dwell; stay; predominate; bide; own.”

• dasmavarcāḥ ← dasma
• [noun]
• “fantastic; extraordinary.”

• dasmavarcāḥ ← varcāḥ ← varcas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “shininess; vigor; fecal matter; glare; magnificence; energy; prestige; energy; glory; luster; light; varcas [word]; glory; body waste; droppings; color.”

• agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• mitro ← mitraḥ ← mitra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”

• na
• [adverb]
• “not; like; no; na [word].”

• bṛhata ← bṛhataḥ ← bṛhat
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

• ṛtasyāsi ← ṛtasya ← ṛta
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

• ṛtasyāsi ← asi ← as
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• kṣattā ← kṣattṛ
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “Vidura; charioteer.”

• vāmasya ← vāma
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter

• deva
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• bhūreḥ ← bhūri
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “much; many; much(a); abundant; rich; mighty; distinguished.”

हे अग्ने भगः भजनीयः त्वं नः अस्मभ्यं रत्नं रमणीयं धनम् आ इषे आगमय प्रयच्छ॥ ‘ इण् गतौ ’ इत्यस्यैतद्रूपम् । हि इति पूरकः । दस्मवर्चाः दर्शनीयदीप्तिस्त्वं परिज्मेव परितो गन्ता वायुरिव क्षयसि सर्वत्र निवससि। यद्वा । क्षयतिरैश्वर्यकर्मा । सर्वस्येशिषे । हे अग्ने मित्रो न प्रमीतेस्त्रायको देव इव बृहतः महतः ऋतस्य उदकस्य यज्ञस्य वा क्षत्ता असि । क्षदतिरत्र दानकर्मा । दाता भवसि । तथा हे देव द्योतमानाग्ने भूरेः बहुलस्य वामस्य वननीयस्य धनस्य च दाता भवसीत्यनुषङ्गः ॥

English translation:

“Do you, who are adorable, bestow upon us precious wealth; beautiful with radiance, you pass (around) like the circumambient (wind); you, divine Agni, are like mitra, the giver of abundant water and ample wealth.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Who are adorable: tvam bhago na = you like bhaga; bhago, as an adjective, bhajanīya, to be worshipped or propitiated;

Na = naḥ, us

You are our Apportioner, for your treasure here is for our refreshment. Like an encompassing (household), you of wondrous luster hold sway (over treasure),
as Mitra does over lofty truth, o Agni. You, god, are the distributer of an abundance of valuables.

As usual, the form iṣé is subject to multiple possible analyses, but most interpr. opt for a dat. of íṣ- ‘refreshment’, as do I. With most (but not Oldenberg), I split pāda a into two nominal clauses, based on the apparently clause-initial sequence ā́hí after the caesura. The enclitic naḥ must of course belong properly to the 1st clause, though it can be understood with the 2nd as well.

In pāda b, the referent in the simile qualified as párijmā ‘encompassing’ has been variously identified: Geldner (sim. Lüders) Vāyu, Renou the sun or Agni solaire, Grassmann Agni himself. By contrast, I supply ‘household’ (gáya-), on the basis of nearby VI.2.8, where Agni is said to be párijmeva … gáyaḥ “encompassing like a household” (on which see comm. ad loc.). This simile would play on Agni’s well-known connection to the domestic sphere. The point of comparison is that the household is the unit that controls the wealth of its members. I supply “over treasure” on the basis of rátnam in pāda a; kṣayasi in b needs a gen. complement to parallel the simile in c: mitró ná bṛhatá ṛtásya.

Thou art our Bhaga to send wealth thou dwellest, like circumambient air, with wondrous splendour.
Friend art thou of the lofty Law, like Mitra, Controller, Agni! God! of many a blessing.

Du bist unser Bhaga, denn du bringst Lohn zum Genießen. Wie der umziehende Vayu herrschest du von vollkommenem Glanze, du wie Mitra über das hohe Gesetz, o Agni; du bist der Verteiler vielen Gutes, o Gott.

Du bist uns Bhaga; denn nach Schätzen streb’ ich; schönglänzend herrschst du gleich dem Allumwandler; Wie Mitra bist du, Agni, gross an Werken, o Gott, und vieles schönen Guts Vertheiler.

Ты для нас Бхага: ведь ты посылаешь сокровище.
Словно странствующее кругом (солнце), ты правишь, о (бог) с чудесным блеском,
О Агни, словно Митра, высоким законом.
Ты раздатчик обильного добра, о бог.

• अग्निः
• भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• स्वराट्पङ्क्ति
• पञ्चमः

फिर विद्वानों को इस संसार में कैसा वर्त्ताव करना चाहिये, इस विषय को कहते हैं ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे (देव) देनेवाले (अग्ने) अग्नि के समान वर्त्तमान विद्वन् ! जिस कारण से (त्वम्) आप (मित्रः) (न) जैसे वैसे (बृहतः) बड़े (वामस्य) श्रेष्ठ (भूरेः) बहुत (ऋतस्य) सत्य वा जल के (क्षत्ता) छेदक (असि) हैं, इस कारण से (दस्मवर्चाः) उपक्षयित अर्थात् निवास कराई वा निवास की कान्ति जिन्होंने तथा (परिज्मेव) जो सब ओर से चलनेवाले वायु के सदृश (भगः) सेवन करने योग्य ऐश्वर्य्य जिनका ऐसे हुए (नः) हम लोगों को (हि) जिस कारण से (रत्नम्) धन को (इषे) प्राप्त होने को (आ) सब ओर से (क्षयसि) निवास करते वा निवास कराते हो, इस कारण आदर करने योग्य हो ॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में उपमालङ्कार है। जो विद्वान् जन प्राणों के सदृश धन और ऐश्वर्य्य की शोभा को धारण करते हैं, वे मित्र के सदृश वर्त्ताव करके सब को सुखी करें ॥२॥

अन्वय: हे देवाग्ने ! यतस्त्वं मित्रो न बृहतो वामस्य भूरेर्ऋतस्य क्षत्ताऽसि तस्माद्दस्मवर्चाः स त्वं परिज्मेव भगः सन् नो हि रत्नमिष आ क्षयसि तस्मान्माननीयोऽसि ॥२॥

पुनर्विद्वद्भिरत्र कथं वर्त्तितव्यमित्याह ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (त्वम्) (भगः) भजनीयैश्वर्यः (नः) अस्मान् (आ) (हि) (रत्नम्) धनम् (इषे) प्राप्तुम् (परिज्मेव) परितः सर्वन्तो गन्ता वायुरिव (क्षयसि) निवससि निवासयसि वा (दस्मवर्चाः) दस्ममुपक्षयितं निवासयितं निवासितं वर्चो दीप्तिर्येन सः (अग्ने) पावक इव वर्त्तमान (मित्रः) सखा (न) इव (बृहतः) महतः (ऋतस्य) सत्यस्योदकस्य वा (असि) (क्षत्ता) छेदकः (वामस्य) प्रशस्यस्य (देव) दातर्विद्वन् (भूरेः) बहोः ॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - अत्रोपमालङ्कारः। ये विद्वांसः प्राणवद्धनैश्वर्य्यशोभां दधति ते मित्रवद्वर्त्तित्वा सर्वान्त्सुखयन्तु ॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - या मंत्रात उपमालंकार आहे. जे विद्वान प्राणाप्रमाणे धन व ऐश्वर्य बाळगतात त्यांनी मित्राप्रमाणे वागून सर्वांना सुखी करावे. ॥ २ ॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

स᳓ स᳓त्पतिः श᳓वसा हन्ति वृत्र᳓म्
अ᳓ग्ने वि᳓प्रो वि᳓ पणे᳓र् भर्ति वा᳓जम्
यं᳓ त्व᳓म् प्रचेत ऋतजात राया᳓
सजो᳓षा न᳓प्त्रा अपां᳐᳓ हिनो᳓षि

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
hanti ← √han- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

sátpatiḥ ← sátpati- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śávasā ← śávas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

vr̥trám ← vr̥trá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ágne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

bharti ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

paṇéḥ ← paṇí- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

vā́jam ← vā́ja- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

ví ← ví (invariable)

vípraḥ ← vípra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

pracetaḥ ← prácetas- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

rāyā́ ← rayí- ~ rāy- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}

r̥tajāta ← r̥tájāta- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

tvám ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:NOM, number:SG}

yám ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

apā́m ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:F, number:PL}

hinóṣi ← √hi- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

náptrā ← nápat- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}

sajóṣāḥ ← sajóṣas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

सः । सत्ऽप॑तिः । शव॑सा । ह॒न्ति॒ । वृ॒त्रम् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । विप्रः॑ । वि । प॒णेः । भ॒र्ति॒ । वाज॑म् ।
यम् । त्वम् । प्र॒ऽचे॒तः॒ । ऋ॒त॒ऽजा॒त॒ । रा॒या । स॒ऽजोषाः॑ । नप्त्रा॑ । अ॒पाम् । हि॒नोषि॑ ॥

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• satpatiḥ ← sat
• [noun]
• “good; good; real; existent; virtuous; sat [prefix]; real.”

• satpatiḥ ← patiḥ ← pati
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”

• śavasā ← śavas
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “strength; power; superiority.”

• hanti ← han
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

• vṛtram ← vṛtra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”

• agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• vipro ← vipraḥ ← vipra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “eloquent; stimulated; divine.”

• vi
• [adverb]
• “apart; away; away.”

• paṇer ← paṇeḥ ← paṇi
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “niggard; paṇ.”

• bharti ← bhṛ
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

• vājam ← vāja
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

• yaṃ ← yam ← yad
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• tvam ← tvad
• [noun], nominative, singular
• “you.”

• praceta ← pracetaḥ ← pracetas
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “intelligent; mindful; attentive; wise; apt; observant.”

• ṛtajāta ← ṛta
• [noun], neuter
• “truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

• ṛtajāta ← jāta ← jan
• [verb noun], vocative, singular
• “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”

• rāyā ← rai
• [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
• “wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

• sajoṣā ← sajoṣāḥ ← sajoṣas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”

• naptrāpāṃ ← naptrā ← naptṛ
• [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
• “grandson; nephew; naptṛ [word].”

• naptrāpāṃ ← apām ← ap
• [noun], genitive, plural, feminine
• “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

• hinoṣi ← hi
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

हे अग्ने सत्पतिः सतां पालयिता सः पुरुषः वृत्रम् आवरकं शत्रुं शवसा बलेन हन्ति । स च विप्रः मेधावी सन् पणे: वणिज: एतन्नाम्नोऽसुरस्य वा वाजम् अन्नं बलं वा वि भर्ति वियुज्य हरति ॥ ‘ हृग्रहोर्भः’ इति भत्वम् ॥ हे प्रचेतः प्रकृष्टज्ञान ऋतजात । ऋतमिति यज्ञनाम । तदर्थं जाताग्ने अपां नप्त्रा न पातयित्रा पुत्रेण मध्यमस्थानेन वैद्युताग्निना सजोषाः संगतः त्वं यं पुरुषं राया ॥ चतुर्थ्यर्थे तृतीया ॥ धनार्थं हिनोषि प्रेरयसि स हन्तीत्यन्वयः ॥

English translation:

“That man, the protector of the virtuous, destroys, Agni, his enemy by his strength, and baffles, intelligent, the might of (the asura) paṇi, whom you, the wise, the parent of the sacrifice, consentient with the grandson of the waters, encourage (in the hope of) riches.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Consentient with the grandson of the waters: sajoṣā naptrāpām, the grandson of the waters = the lightning, vidyutagninā saṅgatās tvam, you associated with the lightning-fire

That lord of settlements smashes the obstacle with power, o Agni, (that) inspired poet carries the prize away from the niggard,
whom you, o provident one born of truth, incite with wealth, in concert with the Child of the Waters.

As discussed ad IV.48.1 and VI.1.5, I take the phrase rā́yo aryáḥ “the riches of the stranger” here and in IV.48.1 (cf. also VI.47.9; also aryáḥ … rayíḥ in VI.20.1) and the phrase rā́ya ubháyāso jánānām “both the riches of the peoples” in VI.1.5 as referring metaphorically to people, as the most valuable resource of a society. In our passage there are three different parallel designations for these same people: “the clans of Manu” (mánuṣo víśaḥ) understood from the last pāda of the previous vs. (2d), “the riches of the Ārya” (pāda b), and “the Āyus” (āyávaḥ in c). To make matters more complex, these people are not only contending among themselves – that is, divided and engaging in internal conflict – but are also fighting united against common enemies, namely the Dasyu (dásyum) and one without commandment (avratám), as was already seen by Geldner (n. 3). This is the usual “fission and fusion” model of Rigvedic society, as discussed at length by Proferes (2007, esp. Chap. 2).

The internal conflict is expressed in the first hemistich by the reciprocal verb spárdhante ‘they contend with each other’, while the second hemistich concerns their joint enterprises, expressed by the participles tū́rvantaḥ ‘overcoming’ and sī́kṣantaḥ ‘seeking to vanquish’.

Agni! the hero slays with might his foeman; the singer bears away the Pani’s booty-
Even he whom thou, Sage, born in Law, incitest by wealth, accordant with the Child of Waters.

Der rechtmäßige Herr schlägt mit Übermacht den Vritra, der Redegewaltige, o Agni, verteilt die Beute des Pani, welchen du, Umsichtiger, rechtzeitig Geborener, durch Reichtum im Einverständnis mit Apam Napat anspornst.

Der Held, o Agni, schlägt mit Kraft den Unhold, des Geiz’gen Beute trägt davon der Sänger, Den du, o Weiser, heil’gem Werk entsprossner, mit Gut beschenkst, vereint dem Spross der Wasser.

Этот благой повелитель силой убивает Вритру.
О Агни, вдохновенный (поэт) распределяет добычу Пани,
(Тот,) кого ты, о прозорливец, рожденный законом,
Побуждаешь, единодушный с отпрыском вод.

• अग्निः
• भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

फिर विद्वान् जन कैसा वर्त्ताव करें, इस विषय को कहते हैं ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे (ऋतजात) सत्य में प्रकट होनेवाले (प्रचेतः) अच्छे ज्ञान से युक्त (अग्ने) प्रकाशस्वरूप (विप्रः) बुद्धिमान् जन (त्वम्) आप जैसे (सत्पतिः) जल का पालक सूर्य्य (शवसा) बल से (वृत्रम्) मेघ का (हन्ति) नाश करता है और (पणेः) व्यवहारकर्त्ता के (वाजम्) अन्न वा विज्ञान को (वि, भर्ति) विशेष कर धारण करता है, वैसे (यम्) जिसको (सजोषाः) तुल्य प्रीति से सेवन करनेवाले आप (राया) धन से (अपाम्) जलों के (नप्त्रा) नहीं गिरनेवाले के साथ (हिनोषि) वृद्धि करे हो (सः) सो यह सब प्रकार से वृद्धि को प्राप्त होता है ॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में वाचकलुप्तोपमालङ्कार है। जो बुद्धिमान् जन सूर्य्य के सदृश विद्या को प्रकाशित करके अविद्या का नाश करते हैं, वे अतुल सुख को प्राप्त होते हैं ॥३॥

अन्वय: हे ऋतजात प्रचेतरग्ने ! विप्रस्त्वं यथा सत्पतिः सूर्य्यः शवसा वृत्रं हन्ति पणेर्वाजं वि भर्ति तथा यं त्वं सजोषा रायाऽपां नप्त्रा सह हिनोषि सोऽयं सर्वतो वर्धते ॥३॥

पुनर्विद्वांसः कथं वर्त्तेरन्नित्याह ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सः) (सत्पतिः) सत उदकस्य पालकः। सदित्युदकनाम। (निघं०१.१२) (शवसा) बलेन (हन्ति) (वृत्रम्) मेघम् (अग्ने) प्रकाशस्वरूप (विप्रः) मेधावी (वि) (पणेः) व्यवहर्त्तुः (भर्त्ति) दधाति (वाजम्) अन्नं विज्ञानं वा (यम्) (त्वम्) (प्रचेतः) प्रकृष्टविज्ञान (ऋतजात) य ऋते सत्ये जायते तत्सम्बुद्धौ (राया) धनेन (सजोषाः) समानप्रीतिसेवी (नप्त्रा) यो न पतति तेन (अपाम्) जलानाम् (हिनोषि) वर्धयसि ॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - अत्र वाचकलुप्तोपमालङ्कारः। ये मेधाविनः सूर्य्यवद्विद्यां प्रकाश्याविद्यां घ्नन्ति तेऽतुलं सुखं लभन्ते ॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - या मंत्रात वाचकलुप्तोपमालंकार आहे. जे बुद्धिमान लोक सूर्याप्रमाणे विद्या प्रकाशित करतात व अविद्येचा नाश करतात ते अतुल सुख प्राप्त करतात. ॥ ३ ॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

य᳓स् ते सूनो सहसो गीर्भि᳓र् उक्थइ᳓र्
यज्ञइ᳓र् म᳓र्तो नि᳓शितिं वेदिया᳓नट्
वि᳓श्वं स᳓ देव प्र᳓ति वा᳓रम् अग्ने
धत्ते᳓ धानि᳓यम् प᳓त्यते वसव्यइः᳡

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
gīrbhíḥ ← gír- ~ gīr- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

sahasaḥ ← sáhas- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

sūno ← sūnú- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

te ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

ukthaíḥ ← ukthá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:PL}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ā́naṭ ← √naś- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

mártaḥ ← márta- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

níśitim ← níśiti- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

vedyā́ ← vedyā́- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

yajñaíḥ ← yajñá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

agne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

deva ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

práti ← práti (invariable)

sá ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

vā́ram ← vā́ra- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

víśvam ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

dhānyàm ← dhānyà- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

dhatté ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

pátyate ← √pat- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

vasavyaìḥ ← vasavyà- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:PL}

यः । ते॒ । सू॒नो॒ इति॑ । स॒ह॒सः॒ । गीः॒ऽभिः । उ॒क्थैः । य॒ज्ञैः । मर्तः॑ । निऽशि॑तम् । वे॒द्या । आन॑ट् ।
विश्व॑म् । सः । दे॒व॒ । प्रति॑ । वार॑म् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । ध॒त्ते । धा॒न्य॑म् । पत्य॑ते । व॒स॒व्यैः॑ ॥

• yas ← yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• te ← tvad
• [noun], genitive, singular
• “you.”

• sūno ← sūnu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “son; offspring.”

• sahaso ← sahasaḥ ← sahas
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “force; strength; might; sahas [word]; conquest.”

• gīrbhir ← gīrbhiḥ ← gir
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

• ukthair ← ukthaiḥ ← uktha
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
• “hymn; praise; uktha [word]; encomium.”

• yajñair ← yajñaiḥ ← yajña
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

• marto ← martaḥ ← marta
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “man.”

• niśitiṃ ← niśitim ← niśiti
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine

• vedyānaṭ ← vedyā
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

• vedyānaṭ ← ānaṭ ← naś
• [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
• “reach; achieve; enter (a state); reach.”

• viśvaṃ ← viśvam ← viśva
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• sa ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• deva
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• prati
• [adverb]
• “towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”

• vāram ← vāra
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “treasure; choice.”

• agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• dhatte ← dhā
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• dhānyam ← dhānya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “grain; Coriander; corn; food; plant.”

• patyate ← paty
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “own; have; master.”

• vasavyaiḥ ← vasavya
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
• “wealth; wealth.”

हे सहसः सूनो बलस्य पुत्राग्ने ते तव निशितिं तैक्ष्ण्यं यः मर्तः मनुष्यो यजमानः गीर्भिः स्तुतिभिः उक्थैः शस्त्रैः यज्ञैः यजनसाधनैर्हविर्भिश्च वेद्या वेद्यां यज्ञभूमौ आनट् प्रापयति सः मर्तो हे देव द्योतमान अग्ने विश्वं सर्वम् अरं पर्याप्तम् । वाशब्दश्चार्थे । धान्यं च प्रति धत्ते प्रतिधारयति । वसव्यैः वसुभिश्च पत्यते संगच्छते ॥

English translation:

“The mortal who by praise, by prayers, by sacrifices, attracts, son of strength, your heightened (radiance) to the altar, enjoys all-sufficiency and corn, and abounds in wealth.”

The mortal who has achieved the “whetting” of you, o son of strength, through hymns and solemn pronouncements, through sacrifices and the altar,
he acquires all wealth, according to his wish, o god Agni. He shows mastery through his goods.

The hero whom Agni bestows here is the concrete realization of the help (ávas-) sought in vss. 1 and 3.

The standard interpr. (though not Grassmann) construe śávasaḥ with bhiyā́“with fear of his vast power.” This is certainly possible, but a construction with saṃcákṣi seems equally possible and the adjacency of the two words (though across a pāda boundary) very weakly supports my interpr.

The man who, Son of Strength one with sacrifices, hymns, lauds, attracts thy fervour to the altar,
Enjoys each precious thing, O God, O Agni, gains wealth of corn and is the lord of treasures.

Welcher Sterbliche, o Sohn der Kraft, es erreicht, mit Lobreden, mit Liedern, mit Gebeten, mit Vorbedacht dich anzufachen, der erntet nach Wunsch alles Getreide und besitzt Schätze, Gott Agni.

Der Mann, der selber dein Entzünden wirkte, o Sohn der Kraft, mit Liedern, Sprüchen, Opfern, Empfängt, o Gott, die Schätze all’, o Agni, Getreidevorrath und ist reich an Gütern.

(Тот) смертный, о сын силы, который сумел с помощью песен,
Гимнов, жертв, со знанием тебя зажечь,
Он получает, о бог, все желанное имущество,
О Агни, он владеет богатствами.

• अग्निः
• भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

फिर मनुष्यों को क्या करना चाहिये, इस विषय को कहते हैं ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे (सहसः) बलिष्ठ के (सूनोः) पुत्र (देव) दीप्तिमान् (अग्ने) अग्नि के समान वर्त्तमान विद्वन् ! (ते) आप का (यः) जो (मर्त्तः) मनुष्य (गीर्भिः) वाणियों और (उक्थैः) कहने और जानने योग्य वेद के वचनों से और (वेद्या) सुख को प्राप्त करानेवाली वेदी से (निशितिम्) निरन्तर तीक्ष्णता के साथ (आनट्) व्याप्त होता है (वसव्यैः) धनों में प्रकट हुए पदार्थों के साथ (यज्ञैः) विद्वानों के सत्कारादिकों से (विश्वम्) समग्र पदार्थ को (धान्यम्) धान्य को (वा) वा (अरम्) पूर्ण (प्रति, धत्ते) धारण करता और (पत्यते) स्वामी के सदृश आचरण करता है (सः) वह आप से मेल करने योग्य है ॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे मनुष्यो ! पूर्ण ब्रह्मचर्य्य से शरीर और आत्मा के बल को पूर्ण करके सन्तानों की उत्पत्ति करो ॥४॥

अन्वय: हे सहसस्सूनो देवाग्ने ! ते यो मर्त्तो गीर्भिरुक्थैर्वेद्या निशितिमानड् वसव्यैर्यज्ञैर्विश्वं धान्यं वारं प्रति धत्ते पत्यते स त्वया सङ्गन्तव्यः ॥४॥

पुनर्मनुष्यैः किं कर्त्तव्यमित्याह ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (यः) (ते) तव (सूनो) (सहसः) बलिष्ठस्य (गीर्भिः) वाग्भिः (उक्थैः) वक्तुमर्हैर्वेदितव्यैर्वेदवचनैः (यज्ञैः) विद्वत्सत्कारादिभिः (मर्त्तः) मनुष्यः (निशितिम्) नितरां तीक्ष्णम् (वेद्या) सुखप्रापिकया (आनट्) व्याप्नोति (विश्वम्) समग्रम् (सः) सुखप्रदाता (देव) (प्रति) (वा) (अरम्) अलम् (अग्ने) अग्निवद्वर्त्तमान विद्वन् (धत्ते) (धान्यम्) (पत्यते) पतिरिवाचरति (वसव्यैः) वसुषु धनेषु भवैः ॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे मनुष्याः ! पूर्णेन ब्रह्मचर्य्येण शरीरात्मबलमलं कृत्वा सन्तानोत्पत्तिं कुरुत ॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे माणसांनो ! पूर्ण ब्रह्मचर्यपूर्वक शरीर, आत्मा याचे बल वाढवून संतान उत्पन्न करा. ॥ ४ ॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

ता᳓ नृ᳓भ्य आ᳓ सौश्रवसा᳓ सुवी᳓रा
अ᳓ग्ने सूनो सहसः पुष्य᳓से धाः
कृणो᳓षि य᳓च् छ᳓वसा भू᳓रि पश्वो᳓
व᳓यो वृ᳓काय अर᳓ये ज᳓सुरये

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)

nŕ̥bhyaḥ ← nár- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:PL}

sauśravasā́ ← sauśravasá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

suvī́rā ← suvī́ra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

tā́ ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL}

ágne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

dhāḥ ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

puṣyáse ← √puṣ- (root)
{case:DAT, number:SG}

sahasaḥ ← sáhas- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

sūno ← sūnú- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

bhū́ri ← bhū́ri- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

kr̥ṇóṣi ← √kr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

paśváḥ ← paśú- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

śávasā ← śávas- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:SG}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

aráye ← arí- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

jásuraye ← jásuri- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

váyaḥ ← váyas- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

vŕ̥kāya ← vŕ̥ka- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}

ता । नृऽभ्यः॑ । आ । सौ॒श्र॒व॒सा । सु॒ऽवीरा॑ । अग्ने॑ । सू॒नो॒ इति॑ । स॒ह॒सः॒ । पु॒ष्यसे॑ । धाः॒ ।
कृ॒णोषि॑ । यत् । शव॑सा । भूरि॑ । प॒श्वः । वयः॑ । वृका॑य । अ॒रये॑ । जसु॑रये ॥

• tā ← tad
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• nṛbhya ← nṛbhyaḥ ← nṛ
• [noun], dative, plural, masculine
• “man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

• ā
• [adverb]
• “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

• sauśravasā ← sauśravasa
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter

• suvīrāgne ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• suvīrāgne ← vīrā ← vīra
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”

• suvīrāgne ← agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• sūno ← sūnu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “son; offspring.”

• sahasaḥ ← sahas
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “force; strength; might; sahas [word]; conquest.”

• puṣyase ← puṣ
• [verb noun]
• “boom; grow; promote; foster.”

• dhāḥ ← dhā
• [verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
• “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

• kṛṇoṣi ← kṛ
• [verb], singular, Present indikative
• “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

• yacchavasā ← yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• yacchavasā ← śavasā ← śavas
• [noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
• “strength; power; superiority.”

• bhūri
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “much; many; much(a); abundant; rich; mighty; distinguished.”

• paśvo ← paśvaḥ ← paśu
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “domestic animal; sacrificial animal; animal; cattle; Paśu; stupid; Paśu; herd; goat.”

• vayo ← vayaḥ ← vayas
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “age; vigor; old age; strength; vayas [word]; aging; power; youth; food.”

• vṛkāyāraye ← vṛkāya ← vṛka
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “wolf; Vṛka; vṛka [word]; Vṛka.”

• vṛkāyāraye ← araye ← ari
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “enemy; ari; arivarga.”

• jasuraye ← jasuri
• [noun], dative, singular, masculine
• “starved.”

हे सहसः सूनो सहसस्पुत्र अग्ने सुवीरा शोभनैः पुत्रैरुपेतानि सौश्रवसा सुश्रवांसि शोभनान्यन्नानि ता तानि नृभ्यः शत्रुजनेभ्यः आ आहृत्य धाः अस्मासु धेहि । किमर्थम् । पुष्यसे पोषार्थम् । यद्वा । नृभ्यः स्तुतीनां नेतृभ्योऽस्मभ्यम् आ धेहि आभिमुख्येन प्रयच्छ । शवसा बलेन युक्तस्त्वं भूरि बहुलं पश्वः पशोः संबन्धि दध्यादिलक्षणं यत् वयः अन्नं वृकाय अदात्रे जसुरये उपक्षपयित्रे अरये शत्रवे कृणोषि करोषि तदन्नमाहृत्य प्रयच्छेत्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“Grant, son of strength, to men (who praise you), those abundant viands and excellent descendants, (that may contribute) to their prosperity; grant also that copious sustenance from cattle, which by your strength you take away from a churlish and malignant adversary.”

These (goods) bringing good fame, consisting of good heroes, establish here for men to thrive, o Agni, son of strength,
since with your power you make an abundance of livestock as vigor (even) for the wolf, for the famished stranger.

By my interpr. rayíḥ here has the same metaphorical sense as rā́yaḥ in 3, namely manpower, or perhaps more narrowly the hero given by Agni in 4. Both Geldner and Renou take sahā́vā ‘victorious’ as an epithet of Agni, despite the hemistich boundary.

This is presumably because the adj. is felt to be more appropriate for an animate being than for wealth – but this problem disappears if we take wealth figuratively for manpower. (They may also unconsciously take the 2nd position of yásya in c as an indication that the rel. cl. begins there, though of course they regularly interpret 2nd position relatives correctly.) The repeated adj. ávṛtaḥ is also better applied to an animate being (4x of Indra, once [oddly] of barhis), and it must belong to the rel. cl.

Grant, Son of Strength, to men for their subsistence such things as bring high fame and hero children.
For thou with might givest much food in cattle even to the wicked wolf when he is hungry.

Diese Ruhmesherrlichkeiten, in Meistersöhnen bestehend, mögest du, Agni, Sohn der Kraft, den Herren bringen, daß sie gedeihen, wenn du schon dem hungrigen Wolfe oder dem Nebenbuhler durch deine Stärke viel des Viehs zur Nahrung machst.

Den Menschen schenke kinderreichen Segen, o Sohn der Kraft, dass sie gedeih’n, o Agni, Da selbst dem bösen Wolfe, wenn er hungert, durch Kraft viel Nahrung du an Vieh verschaffest.

Ими, приносящими прекрасную славу, прекрасных героев,
Надели мужей, о Агни, сын силы, чтобы они процветали,
Если ты (своей) силой создаешь большую жизненную стойкость
У скота против волка, голодного врага!

• अग्निः
• भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• निचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

फिर उसी विषय को कहते हैं ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे (सहसः) बल के सम्बन्ध में (सूनो) बलवान् सन्तान (अग्ने) अग्नि के समान वर्त्तमान आप (यत्) जिस (शवसा) बल से (पुष्यसे) पुष्टि के लिये (नृभ्यः) नायक जनों से (सुवीरा) सुन्दर वीर जिनके लिये (ता) उन (सौश्रवसा) विद्वान् से सिद्ध किये नये कर्म्मों को (आ, धाः) धारण करते (पश्वः) पशु के (भूरि) बड़े (वयः) जीवन को (कृणोषि) करते हो और (जसुरये) हिंसा करनेवाले (वृकाय) वृक के सदृश वर्त्तमान (अरये) शत्रु के लिये दण्ड देते हो, इस कारण से आप न्यायकारी हो ॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो राजा दुष्ट चोरादिकों का निवारण करके प्रजाओं को पुष्ट करता है, वह सब का हितैषी होता है ॥५॥

अन्वय: हे सहसस्सूनोऽग्ने ! त्वं यच्छवसा पुष्यसे नृभ्यस्सुवीरा ता सौश्रवसाऽऽधः पश्वो भूरि वयो कृणोषि जसुरये वृकायाऽरये दण्डं ददासि तस्मात्त्वं न्यायकार्य्यसि ॥५॥

पुनस्तमेव विषयमाह ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (ता) तानि (नृभ्यः) नायकेभ्यः (आ) (सौश्रवसा) सुश्रवसा विदुषा निर्वृत्तानि (सुवीरा) शोभना वीरा येभ्यस्तानि (अग्ने) पावकवद्वर्त्तमान (सूनो) बलवन् (सहसः) बलस्य (पुष्यसे) पुष्टये (धाः) दधासि (कृणोषि) (यत्) येन (शवसा) बलेन (भूरि) (पश्वः) पशोः (वयः) जीवनम् (वृकाय) वृकवद्वर्त्तमानाय (अरये) शत्रवे (जसुरये) हिंसकाय ॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - यो नृपो दुष्टान् चोरादीन्निवार्य्य प्रजाः पुष्टाः करोति स सर्वहितैषी वर्त्तते ॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो राजा दुष्ट चोरांचे निवारण करून प्रजेला पुष्ट करतो तो सर्वांचा हितैषी असतो. ॥ ५ ॥

• देवता - अग्निः
• ऋषिः - भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

वद्मा᳓ सूनो सहसो नो वि᳓हाया
अ᳓ग्ने तोकं᳓ त᳓नयं वाजि᳓ नो दाः
वि᳓श्वाभिर् गीर्भि᳓र् अभि᳓ पूर्ति᳓म् अश्याम्
म᳓देम · शत᳓हिमाः सुवी᳓राः

Strata
Archaic

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M;; repeated line

Morph
naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

sahasaḥ ← sáhas- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}

sūno ← sūnú- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

vadmā́ ← vadmán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

víhāyāḥ ← víhāyas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

ágne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}

dāḥ ← √dā- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:2, mood:INJ, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

tánayam ← tánaya- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

tokám ← toká- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

vājí ← vājín- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}

abhí ← abhí (invariable)

aśyām ← √naś- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:OPT, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

gīrbhíḥ ← gír- ~ gīr- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

pūrtím ← pūrtí- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

víśvābhiḥ ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:PL}

mádema ← √mad- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:OPT, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

śatáhimāḥ ← śatáhima- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

suvī́rāḥ ← suvī́ra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

व॒द्मा । सू॒नो॒ इति॑ । स॒ह॒सः॒ । नः॒ । विऽहा॑याः । अग्ने॑ । तो॒कम् । तन॑यम् । वा॒जि । नः॒ । दाः॒ ।
विश्वा॑भिः । गीः॒ऽभिः । अ॒भि । पू॒र्तिम् । अ॒श्या॒म् । मदे॑म । श॒तऽहि॑माः । सु॒ऽवीराः॑ ॥

• vadmā ← vadman
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “expansive.”

• sūno ← sūnu
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “son; offspring.”

• sahaso ← sahasaḥ ← sahas
• [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
• “force; strength; might; sahas [word]; conquest.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• vihāyā ← vihāyāḥ ← vihāyas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “vigorous.”

• agne ← agni
• [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
• “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

• tokaṃ ← tokam ← toka
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “offspring.”

• tanayaṃ ← tanayam ← tanaya
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “biological.”

• vāji ← vājin
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “victorious; triumphant; strong; gainful.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], dative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• dāḥ ← dā
• [verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
• “give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

• viśvābhir ← viśvābhiḥ ← viśva
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• gīrbhir ← gīrbhiḥ ← gir
• [noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
• “hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

• abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• pūrtim ← pūrti
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “fullness.”

• aśyām ← aś
• [verb], singular, Aorist optative
• “get; reach; enter (a state).”

• madema ← mad
• [verb], plural, Present optative
• “rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

• śatahimāḥ ← śata
• [noun], neuter
• “hundred; one-hundredth; śata [word].”

• śatahimāḥ ← himāḥ ← hima
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “snow; frost; hima [word]; winter; tin; silver; pearl; sauvīrāñjana; year; ague; Himalayas; coldness.”

• suvīrāḥ ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• suvīrāḥ ← vīrāḥ ← vīra
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”

हे सहसः सूनो अग्ने विहायाः । महन्नामैतत् । महांस्त्वं नः अस्माकं वद्मा वदिता हितोपदेष्टा भव । अपि च तोकं पुत्रं तनयं तत्पुत्रं च वाजि अन्नयुक्तं नः अस्मभ्यं दाः देहि । अहं स्तोता विश्वाभिः सर्वाभिः गीर्भिः त्वद्विषयाभिः पूर्तिं कामानां संपूर्तिम् अभि अश्याम् अभिप्राप्नुयाम् । अन्यद्गतम् ॥ ॥ १५ ॥

English translation:

“Agni, son of strength, do you who are mighty be our councillor; give us sons and grandsons, together with food; may I, by all my praises, obtain the fulfilment of my desires; may we, blessed with excellent male descendants, enjoy happiness for a hundred winters.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Same as in RV. 3.005.11

O Agni, son of strength, eloquent, of extensive power, grant us progeny and posterity and prizewinning (steeds).
With all my hymns may I attain to fulfillment. – Having good heroes might we rejoice for a hundred winters.

Both Geldner and Renou separate pādas a and b, and Geldner’s tr. seems at least potentially to take the subj. of a, vadmā́, as non-coreferntial with Agni (“Ein Redner … (werde) uns … zuteil”), but since vadmán- occurs only here and in nearby VI.4.4, where it definitely refers to Agni, I do not see the point.

A factor influencing the Geldner/Renou separation of the pādas may be the apparent presence of enclitic naḥ in both pādas: … no víhāyā(ḥ)# / … no dāḥ#. However, the second naḥ should almost certainly be read as the final syllable of the preceding vājí, thus *vājínaḥ, acc. pl. of vājín-, a possibility floated by Geldner in n. 6b. Note only does this reading eliminate the pleonastic+++(=redundant)+++ enclitic, but it also eliminates the only supposed neut. nom./acc. sg. to vājín-, which would be required to modify neut. tókam (e.g., Geldner “siegestekrönten leiblichen Samen”). A change is only required in the Pp.; the Saṃhitā text is undisturbed. An asterisk should be inserted in the published translation before “prize-winning.” The seemingly late position of naḥ in pāda a, before the final word víhāyāḥ, is actually not so late after all: it can count as (modified) Wackernagel’s position, after an accented initial word (vadmā́) followed by the phrasal vocative sūno sahasaḥ. ## 014 Agni

Eloquent, Son of Strength, Most Mighty, Agni, vouchsafe us seed and offspring, full of vigour.
May I by all my songs obtain abundance. May brave sons gladden us through a hundred winters.

Ein Redner in voller Kraft werde uns, o Sohn der Stärke, zuteil. O Agni, gib uns siegesgekrönten leiblichen Samen! Mit allen Reden möchte ich reichen Lohn erlangen. Wir wollen, hundert Winter lebend, als Meister frohlocken.

Als kräft’ger Rufer schenk, o Sohn der Kraft uns, o Agni, Kinder, Enkel, reich an Nahrung; Durch alle Lieder mög’ ich Lohn erlangen; froh sei’n wir, reich an Söhnen, hundert Winter.

(Будь) нам деятельным защитником, о сын силы!
О Агни, дай нам детей и внуков, завоевывающих награду!
Пусть достигну я с помощью всех песен полноты (даров)!
Пусть мы ликуем, живя сто зим, имея прекрасных мужей!

• अग्निः
• भरद्वाजो बार्हस्पत्यः
• निचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

फिर उसी विषय को कहते हैं ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे (सहसः) बलिष्ठ के (सूनो) सन्तान (अग्ने) अग्नि के सदृश विद्वन् ! (विहायाः) बड़े (वद्मा) सत्य हित के उपदेष्टा आप (नः) हम को (विश्वाभिः) संपूर्ण (गीर्भिः) वाणियों से (वाजिनः) अन्न आदि युक्त के (तोकम्) वृद्धि करने और (तनयम्) सुख के बढ़ानेवाले के अपत्य को (दाः) दीजिये जिससे मैं (पूर्तिम्) पूर्णता को (अश्याम्) प्राप्त होऊँ और जिससे हम लोग (शतहिमाः) सौ वर्ष की अवस्था युक्त (सुवीराः) उत्तम वीरोंवाले (अभि, मदेम) सब ओर से आनन्द करें ॥६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे विद्वान् जनो ! आप अध्यापन और उपदेश से सम्पूर्ण गृहस्थों के पुत्र और पुत्रियों को उत्तम प्रकार शिक्षित करके विद्या से सुखयुक्त करो, जिससे दीर्घ अवस्थावाले होकर ये सन्तान भी ऐसा ही आचरण करें ॥६॥ इस सूक्त में अग्नि, विद्वान् और राजा के गुणों का वर्णन करने से इस सूक्त के अर्थ की इससे पूर्व सूक्त के अर्थ के साथ सङ्गति जाननी चाहिये ॥ यह तेरहवाँ सूक्त और पन्द्रहवाँ वर्ग समाप्त हुआ ॥

अन्वय: हे सहसस्सूनोऽग्ने ! विहाया वद्मा त्वं नो विश्वाभिर्गीर्भिर्वाजिनस्तोकं तनयं दाः। येनाहं पूर्तिमश्यां यतो वयं शतहिमाः सुवीरा अभि मदेम ॥६॥

पुनस्तमेव विषयमाह ॥

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वद्मा) सत्यहितोपदेष्टा (सूनो) अपत्य (सहसः) बलिष्ठस्य (नः) (विहायाः) महान्। विहायेति महन्नाम। (निघं०३.३) (अग्ने) पावकवद्विद्वन् (तोकम्) वर्धकम् (तनयम्) सुखविस्तारकमपत्यम् (वाजिनः) अन्नादियुक्तस्य (दाः) देहि (विश्वाभिः) समग्राभिः (गीर्भिः) वाग्भिः (अभि) सर्वतः (पूर्त्तिम्) (अश्याम्) प्राप्नुयाम् (मदेम) आनन्देम (शतहिमाः) शतायुषः (सुवीराः) उत्तमवीरवन्तः ॥६॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे विद्वांसोऽध्यापनोदेशाभ्यां सर्वेषां गृहस्थानां पुत्रान् पुत्रीश्च सुशिक्ष्य विद्यया सुखयुक्तान् कुर्वन्तु येन दीर्घायुषो भूत्वैतेऽप्येवमेवाऽऽचरेयुरिति ॥६॥ अत्राग्निविद्वद्राजगुणवर्णनादेतर्थस्य पूर्वसूक्तार्थेन सह सङ्गतिर्वेद्या ॥ इति त्रयोदशं सूक्तं पञ्चदशो वर्गश्च समाप्तः ॥

भावार्थभाषाः - हे विद्वानांनो ! तुम्ही अध्यापन व उपदेश करून सर्व गृहस्थांच्या मुला-मुलींना विद्या शिकवून सुशिक्षित करा व सुखी करा. त्यामुळे ते दीर्घायुषी बनतील. संतानांनीही या प्रकारचे आचरण करावे. ॥ ६ ॥