०७३

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सायण-भाष्यम्

षष्ठेऽनुवाके पञ्चदश सूक्तानि । तत्र ‘ यदद्य स्थः’ इति दशर्चं प्रथमं सूक्तमात्रेयस्य पौरनाम्नः आर्षमानुष्टुभमाश्विनम् । अनुक्रान्तं च – यदद्य दश पौर आश्विनं तदानुष्टुभं तु ’ इति । तत् ’ इत्युक्तत्वादिदमादीनि षट् सूक्तान्याश्विनानि ।’ आनुष्टुभं तु ’ इति तुशब्दादिदमुत्तरं च द्वे अनुष्टुभे । प्रातरनुवाक आश्विने क्रतावानुष्टुभे छन्दस्याश्विनशस्त्रे चेदमादिके द्वे सूक्ते । यदद्य स्थ इति सूक्ते’ ( आश्व. श्रौ. ४. १५) इति सूत्रितम् ॥

Jamison Brereton

73 (427)
Aśvins
Paura Ātreya
10 verses: anuṣṭubh
The central theme of the hymn is the journey of the Aśvins: their journey that encompasses the whole world and their journey to the poet’s sacrifice. Geldner754 V.73
describes this hymn as strophic, consisting of five paired verses; this structure expresses the thematic division of the hymn.
Verses 1–2 describe the Aśvins as moving somewhere, possibly near or possibly far, but in any case the poet invites them to travel here to his sacrifice. Since the poet has begun with a reference to journeys of the Aśvins, it is not surprising that he then turns to a description of their wonderful chariot. According to the interpretation we offer here, one wheel of that chariot is the sacrificial fire (vs. 3). Behind this sym
bolism is likely the recurrent representation of the sacrifice as a chariot, particularly as the Aśvins’ chariot. The other wheel of their chariot is the sun (vs. 4). Running on these two wheels the Aśvins both range over the whole world and are present at the sacrifice.
Verses 5–6 are connected by the theme of heat, and as in the case of the two wheels, one form of heat is cosmic, the other form ritual. In verse 5 Sūryā, the daughter of the Sun, mounts the chariot of the Aśvins, which drives onward ahead of the rising, burning sun. In verse 6 what is called gharmá “hot” is either the Pravargya pot, in which the milk for the Aśvins is heated, or the hot milk itself. While verse 5 refers primarily to the sun and verse 6 to the Pravargya rite, there is also a secondary, implied reference to the ritual in verse 5 and to the sun in verse 6. The motif of Sūryā’s mounting the Aśvins’ chariot is always a courtship or wed ding image. Here in verse 5 she may be brought as bride to Soma (cf. X.85), who is, of course, at the center of the rite.
Because the interpretation of 8ab is uncertain, the connection between verses 7–8 is less clear than in the other pairs of verses. In verse 7 the horse thunders as he brings the Aśvins to the rite at the invitation of Atri, who may be not the Atri of legend but his present or future descendant. In verse 8ab the subject is sup
pressed, and various interpreters have suggested various possibilities: the Aśvins’ honeyed whip (Geldner), the hymn (Sāyaṇa, Geldner, cf. VIII.6.43), a cow (Pirart 2001: 243–44, cf. II.16.8). It could even be the “thundering” of the lead horse from the previous verse. We have left the identification unclear, although a reference to the hymn (dhī́) in one way or another appears to us likely. The balance between the Aśvins’ presence in the cosmos and in the rite is repeated in 8cd, which describes the Aśvins’ journey across the seas and the ritual offerings made to them.
The concluding verses then restate the theme of the Aśvins’ journey throughout the world and explicitly connect that journey to the ritual, since they compare the hymns that bring the Aśvins to chariots.

01 यदद्य स्थः - अनुष्टुप्

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य᳓द् अद्य᳓ स्थः᳓ पराव᳓ति
य᳓द् अर्वाव᳓ति अश्विना
य᳓द् वा पुरू᳓ पुरुभुजा
य᳓द् अन्त᳓रिक्ष आ᳓ गतम्

02 इह त्या - अनुष्टुप्

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इह᳓ त्या᳓ पुरुभू᳓तमा
पुरू᳓ दं᳓सांसि बि᳓भ्रता
वरस्या᳓ यामि अ᳓ध्रिगू
हुवे᳓ तुवि᳓ष्टमा भुजे᳓

03 ईर्मान्यद्वपुषे वपुश्चक्रम् - अनुष्टुप्

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ईर्मा᳓न्य᳓द् व᳓पुषे व᳓पुश्
चक्रं᳓ र᳓थस्य येमथुः
प᳓र्य् अन्या᳓ ना᳓हुषा युगा᳓
मह्ना᳓ र᳓जांसि दीयथः

04 तदू षु - अनुष्टुप्

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त᳓द् ऊ षु᳓ वाम् एना᳓ कृतं᳓
वि᳓श्वा य᳓द् वाम् अ᳓नु ष्ट᳓वे
ना᳓ना जाता᳓व् अरेप᳓सा
स᳓म् अस्मे᳓ ब᳓न्धुम् ए᳓यथुः

05 आ यद्वाम् - अनुष्टुप्

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आ᳓ य᳓द् वां सूरिया᳓ र᳓थं
ति᳓ष्ठद् रघुष्य᳓दं स᳓दा
प᳓रि वाम् अरुषा᳓ व᳓यो
घृणा᳓ वरन्त आत᳓पः

06 युवोरत्रिश्चिकेतति नरा - अनुष्टुप्

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युवो᳓र् अ᳓त्रिश् चिकेतति
न᳓रा सुम्ने᳓न चे᳓तसा
घर्मं᳓ य᳓द् वाम् अरेप᳓सं
ना᳓सत्यास्ना᳓ भुरण्य᳓ति

07 उग्रो वाम् - अनुष्टुप्

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उग्रो᳓ वां ककुहो᳓ ययिः᳓
शृण्वे᳓ या᳓मेषु संतनिः᳓
य᳓द् वां दं᳓सोभिर् अश्विना
अ᳓त्रिर् नरावव᳓र्तति

08 मध्व ऊ - अनुष्टुप्

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म᳓ध्व ऊ षु᳓ मधूयुवा
रु᳓द्रा सि᳓षक्ति पिप्यु᳓षी
य᳓त् समुद्रा᳓ति प᳓र्षथः
पक्वाः᳓ पृ᳓क्षो भरन्त वाम्

09 सत्यमिद्वा उ - अनुष्टुप्

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सत्य᳓म् इ᳓द् वा᳓ उ अश्विना
युवा᳓म् आहुर् मयोभु᳓वा
ता᳓ या᳓मन् यामहू᳓तमा
या᳓मन्न् आ᳓ मॄळय᳓त्तमा+

10 इमा ब्रह्माणि - अनुष्टुप्

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इमा᳓ ब्र᳓ह्माणि व᳓र्धना
अश्वि᳓भ्यां सन्तु शं᳓तमा
या᳓ त᳓क्षाम र᳓थाँ इव
अ᳓वोचाम बृह᳓न् न᳓मः