सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
सायण-भाष्यम्
‘ अजातशत्रुम्’ इति नवर्चं द्वितीयं सूक्तं प्राजापत्यस्य संवरणस्यार्षमैन्द्रम् । नवमी त्रिष्टुप् शिष्टास्त्रिष्टुबन्तपरिभाषया जगत्यः । ‘ अजातशत्रु नव त्रिष्टुबन्तम्’ इत्यनुक्रमणिका । विनियोगो लैङ्गिकः ॥
Jamison Brereton
34 (388)
Indra
Saṃvaraṇa Prājāpatya
9 verses: jagatī, except triṣṭubh 9
The first three verses of this hymn urge sacrificers to make offerings to Indra and promise them a return on this investment of ritual energy, and the preoccupation throughout most of the hymn is the contrast between the generous and the stingy and their respective fates (see esp. vss. 5–7). There is a hostile and dangerous edge to
much of the rhetoric: the punishments Indra metes out to non-givers are described with gusto.
But the most curious feature of the hymn is verse 4, where Indra, depicted as the killer of the father, mother, and brother of an apparently blameless man, not only feels no remorse (“he does not shrink from his offense”), but expects to receive offerings from his victim. The word “offense” used here is a rare and charged one (kílbiṣa): the uncompounded form is found only here in the R̥gveda, and the four other (compounded) occurrences of it are in late hymns in Maṇḍala X. Our passage here seems a foreshadowing of a theme in Indra mythology that becomes highly developed in the middle Vedic period, that of Indra’s offenses or misdeeds, cata logued as a set of kilbiṣāṇi (see Jamison 1991: 64–68), with Indra as the figure of a warrior run amuck. But the theme seems out of place in the context here, save perhaps for Indra’s excessively aggressive behavior toward the stingy in other verses. (The stingy deserve this treatment, however, in the ritual calculus of the R̥gveda; the man violently deprived of his kin does not.)
The hymn ends with what appears to be a truncated dānastuti (vs. 9): the poet praises his apparent patron Āgniveśi Śatri, but no gifts are mentioned.
Jamison Brereton Notes
Indra
33-34 ...{Loading}...
Jamison Brereton Notes
Indra These two hymns attributed to Saṃvaraṇa Prājāpatya are full of puzzles, many insoluble.
01 अजातशत्रुमजरा स्वर्वत्यनु - जगती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
अ᳓जातशत्रुम् अज᳓रा सु᳓वर्वती
अ᳓नु स्वधा᳓ अ᳓मिता दस्म᳓म् ईयते
सुनो᳓तन प᳓चत ब्र᳓ह्मवाहसे
पुरुष्टुता᳓य प्रतरं᳓ दधातन
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
अजा॑तशत्रुम॒जरा॒ स्व॑र्व॒त्यनु॑ स्व॒धामि॑ता द॒स्ममी॑यते ।
सु॒नोत॑न॒ पच॑त॒ ब्रह्म॑वाहसे पुरुष्टु॒ताय॑ प्रत॒रं द॑धातन ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- छन्दः - जगती
Thomson & Solcum
अ᳓जातशत्रुम् अज᳓रा सु᳓वर्वती
अ᳓नु स्वधा᳓ अ᳓मिता दस्म᳓म् ईयते
सुनो᳓तन प᳓चत ब्र᳓ह्मवाहसे
पुरुष्टुता᳓य प्रतरं᳓ दधातन
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ajárā ← ajára- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
ájātaśatrum ← ájātaśatru- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
svàrvatī ← svàrvant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
ámitā ← ámita- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
ánu ← ánu (invariable)
dasmám ← dasmá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
īyate ← √i- 2 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
svadhā́ ← svadhā́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:SG}
bráhmavāhase ← bráhmavāhas- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
pácata ← √pac- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
sunótana ← √su- (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
dadhātana ← √dhā- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
pratarám ← pratarám (invariable)
puruṣṭutā́ya ← puruṣṭutá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
अजा॑तऽशत्रुम् । अ॒जरा॑ । स्वः॑ऽवती । अनु॑ । स्व॒धा । अमि॑ता । द॒स्मम् । ई॒य॒ते॒ ।
सु॒नोत॑न । पच॑त । ब्रह्म॑ऽवाहसे । पु॒रु॒ऽस्तु॒ताय॑ । प्र॒ऽत॒रम् । द॒धा॒त॒न॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- ajātaśatrum ← ajāta
- [noun]
- “unborn; undeveloped.”
- ajātaśatrum ← śatrum ← śatru
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “enemy; foe; enemy; Asura.”
- ajarā ← ajara
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “undecaying; ageless.”
- svarvaty ← svarvatī ← svarvat
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “bright; bright.”
- anu
- [adverb]
- “subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
- svadhāmitā ← svadhā
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “free will; offering; libation; nature; svadhā [word]; comfort; power.”
- svadhāmitā ← amitā ← amita
- [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
- “infinite; illimitable; countless.”
- dasmam ← dasma
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “overlord.”
- īyate ← i
- [verb], singular, Indikativ Pr¦s. Passiv
- “go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
- sunotana ← su
- [verb], plural, Present imperative
- “press out; su.”
- pacata ← pac
- [verb], plural, Present imperative
- “heat; cook; digest; boil; ripen; fester; burn; boil; cauterize; fry; cook; suppurate; inflame.”
- brahmavāhase ← brahma ← brahman
- [noun], neuter
- “brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”
- brahmavāhase ← vāhase ← vāhas
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- puruṣṭutāya ← puruṣṭuta
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; Vishnu; Agni.”
- prataraṃ ← prataram
- [adverb]
- “farther.”
- dadhātana ← dhā
- [verb], plural, Present imperative
- “put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
अजातशत्रुम् । अनुत्पन्नाः शातयितारो यस्य तम् । दस्मं शत्रूणामुपक्षपयितारम् अजरा अक्षीणा स्वर्वती स्वरणवती अमिता अपरिमिता स्वधा अन्नं हविः अनु ईयते अनुप्राप्नोति । तदर्थं हे ऋत्विजः सुनोतन अभिषुणुत। पचत पुरोडाशादिकम् । कस्मै । ब्रह्मवाहसे ब्रह्मणः परिवृढस्य स्तोत्रस्य वाहकाय पुरुष्टुताय बहुभिः स्तुतायेन्द्राय । प्रतरं प्रकृष्टतरं दधातन धारयत स्वस्वोचितकर्म ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“The undecaying, heaven-conferring, unlimited (sacrificial) food, goes to the tamer (of enemies), whose adversarie are unborn; therefore (priests) pour out (the libation), dress (the cakes and butter), diligently discharge (your offices) to him who is the accepter of prayer, who si glorified by many.”
Jamison Brereton
Autonomous power, unaging, solar, immeasurable, speeds after him, the wondrous, whose rival has not been born.
Press, cook for the one whose vehicle is the sacred formulation; set more (offerings) out for the one praised by many.
Jamison Brereton Notes
A personified (/divinized) form of Svadhā ‘autonomous power’ is found in this set of hymns; cf. the apparent ref. to her also in V.32.10.
Griffith
BOUNDLESS and wasting not, the heavenly food of Gods goes to the foeless One, doer of wondrous deeds.
Press out, make ready, offer gifts with special zeal to him whom many laud, accepter of the prayer.
Geldner
Dem Meister, der keinen ebenbürtigen Gegner hat, folgt die alterlose himmlische unermessene Selbstherrlichkeit. Presset, kochet für ihn, den die erbauliche Rede anzieht. Dem Vielgepriesenen setzet recht viel vor!
Grassmann
Dem gegnerlosen strebt die eigne Schöpfung nach die unermessne, ewige, dem herrlichen; Auf, presst und kochet dem, der gern Gebet empfängt, dem vielgepriesnen bringt noch grössre Gaben dar.
Elizarenkova
За удивительным, не знающим равного противника
Следует нестареющая небесная неизмеримая благодать,
Выжимайте, варите для того, кого притягивают молитвы!
Дайте многовосхваленному побольше!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- निचृत्त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
अब नव ऋचावाले चौंतीसवें सूक्त का आरम्भ है, उसके प्रथम मन्त्र में इन्द्रगुणयुक्त स्त्री-पुरुष का वर्णन करते हैं ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे मनुष्यो ! (स्वर्वती) सुखवाली (अमिता) अतुल उत्तम गुणों से युक्त (स्वधा) धन को धारण करनेवाली (अजरा) वृद्धावस्था से रहित युवती स्त्री जिस (अजातशत्रुम्) शत्रुओं से रहित (दस्मम्) दुष्टों के नाश करनेवाले जन को (अनु, ईयते) अनुकूला से प्राप्त होती है, उस (पुरुष्टुताय) बहुतों से प्रशंसा किये गये (ब्रह्मवाहसे) धन प्राप्त करानेवाले के लिये (प्रतरम्) अच्छे प्रकार पार होते हैं, दुःख के जिससे उसको (सुनोतन) उत्पन्न करो और उत्तम अन्न का (पचत) पाक करो और धन आदि को (दधातन) धारण करो ॥१॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - हे मनुष्यो ! जो वैररहित अत्यन्त उत्तम गुणों से युक्त और सब का हितकारी पुरुष अथवा इस प्रकार की स्त्री हो, उन दोनों का निरन्तर सत्कार करना योग्य है ॥१॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - अन्वयः
अन्वय: हे मनुष्या ! स्वर्वत्यमिता स्वधाजरा युवतिः स्त्री यमजातशत्रुं दस्ममन्वीयते तस्मै पुरुष्टुताय ब्रह्मवाहसे जनाय प्रतरं सुनोतन उत्तममन्नं पचत धनादिकं दधातन ॥१॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
अथेन्द्रगुणयुक्तदम्पतीविषयमाह ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अजातशत्रुम्) न जाताः शत्रवो यस्य तम् (अजरा) जरारहिता (स्वर्वती) सुखवती (अनु) (स्वधा) या स्वं दधाति सा (अमिता) अतुलशुभगुणा (दस्मम्) दुष्टोपक्षेतारम् (ईयते) प्राप्नोति (सुनोतन) (पचत) (ब्रह्मवाहसे) धनप्रापकाय (पुरुष्टुताय) बहुभिः प्रशंसिताय (प्रतरम्) प्रतरन्ति दुःखं येन तम् (दधातन) धरत ॥१॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - हे मनुष्यो ! यो निर्वैरोऽमितशुभगुणः सर्वहितकारी पुरुषोऽथवेदृशी स्त्री भवेत्तयोः सत्कारः कर्त्तव्यः ॥१॥
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - विषयः
या सूक्तात इंद्र, विद्वान व प्रजेचे गुण यांचे वर्णन असल्यामुळे या सूक्ताच्या अर्थाची या पूर्वीच्या सुक्तार्थाबरोबर संगती जाणावी.
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - हे माणसांनो! जो वैररहित, अत्यंत उत्तम गुणांनी युक्त, सर्वांचा हितकर्ता पुरुष अथवा स्त्री असतात त्या दोघांचाही निरंतर सत्कार करावा. ॥ १ ॥
02 आ यः - जगती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
आ᳓ यः᳓ सो᳓मेन जठ᳓रम् अ᳓पिप्रत
अ᳓मन्दत मघ᳓वा म᳓ध्वो अ᳓न्धसः
य᳓द् ईम् मृगा᳓य ह᳓न्तवे महा᳓वधः
सह᳓स्रभृष्टिम् उश᳓ना वधं᳓ य᳓मत्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
आ यः सोमे॑न ज॒ठर॒मपि॑प्र॒ताम॑न्दत म॒घवा॒ मध्वो॒ अन्ध॑सः ।
यदीं॑ मृ॒गाय॒ हन्त॑वे म॒हाव॑धः स॒हस्र॑भृष्टिमु॒शना॑ व॒धं यम॑त् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- छन्दः - जगती
Thomson & Solcum
आ᳓ यः᳓ सो᳓मेन जठ᳓रम् अ᳓पिप्रत
अ᳓मन्दत मघ᳓वा म᳓ध्वो अ᳓न्धसः
य᳓द् ईम् मृगा᳓य ह᳓न्तवे महा᳓वधः
सह᳓स्रभृष्टिम् उश᳓ना वधं᳓ य᳓मत्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
ápiprata ← √pr̥̄- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:MED}
jaṭháram ← jaṭhára- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
sómena ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ámandata ← √mand- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:IPRF, voice:MED}
ándhasaḥ ← ándhas- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}
mádhvaḥ ← mádhu- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}
maghávā ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
hántave ← √han- (root)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
īm ← īm (invariable)
mahā́vadhaḥ ← mahā́vadha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
mr̥gā́ya ← mr̥gá- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
sahásrabhr̥ṣṭim ← sahásrabhr̥ṣṭi- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
uśánā ← uśánā- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
vadhám ← vadhá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
yámat ← √yam- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:SBJV, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
पद-पाठः
आ । यः । सोमे॑न । ज॒ठर॑म् । अपि॑प्रत । अम॑न्दत । म॒घऽवा॑ । मध्वः॑ । अन्ध॑सः ।
यत् । ई॒म् । मृ॒गाय॑ । हन्त॑वे । म॒हाऽव॑धः । स॒हस्र॑ऽभृष्टिम् । उ॒शना॑ । व॒धम् । यम॑त् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- somena ← soma
- [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
- “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
- jaṭharam ← jaṭhara
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “abdomen; udara; Jaṭhara; edema; garbha; inside; stomach; belly.”
- apipratāmandata ← apiprata ← pṛ
- [verb], singular, Imperfect
- “fill; elapse; pull back; fill; satisfy; bestow; meet; stuff; load; mix; complete.”
- apipratāmandata ← amandata ← mand
- [verb], singular, Imperfect
- “rejoice; exhilarate.”
- maghavā ← maghavan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; maghavan [word].”
- madhvo ← madhvaḥ ← madhu
- [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
- “sweet; deft.”
- andhasaḥ ← andhas
- [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
- “Soma; drink; amṛta.”
- yad ← yat
- [adverb]
- “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
- īm ← īṃ
- [adverb]
- mṛgāya ← mṛga
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “game; deer; animal; antelope; mṛga [word]; Mṛgaśiras.”
- hantave ← han
- [verb noun]
- “kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
- mahāvadhaḥ ← mahā ← mahat
- [noun]
- “large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
- mahāvadhaḥ ← vadhaḥ ← vadha
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “killing; weapon; māraṇa; execution; destruction; vadh-; Vadha; dysfunction; punishment; kick.”
- sahasrabhṛṣṭim ← sahasra
- [noun], neuter
- “thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”
- sahasrabhṛṣṭim ← bhṛṣṭim ← bhṛṣṭi
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “spike.”
- uśanā ← uśanāḥ ← uśanas
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Uśanas; Uśanas; uśanas [word]; Uśanas; Venus.”
- vadhaṃ ← vadham ← vadha
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “killing; weapon; māraṇa; execution; destruction; vadh-; Vadha; dysfunction; punishment; kick.”
- yamat ← yam
- [verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
- “concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
यः मघवा सोमेन जठरं स्वकीयम् आ सर्वतः अपिप्रत अपूरयत् मध्वः मधुररसस्य अन्धसः सोमस्य पानेन अमन्दत अतृप्यत्। यत् यदा ईम् अयं मृगाय एतन्नामकाय असुराय हन्तवे तं हन्तुं महावधः महावज्रः सहस्रभृष्टिः अपरिमिततेजाः उशना कामयमानः शत्रुं यद्वोशनसा सह वधं वज्रं यमत् उदयच्छत् तदापिप्रत अमन्दत च ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Maghavan, who fills his belly with the Soma, to be exhilarated (by drinking) of the sweet-savoured beverage, whereupon he has lifted up his destructive thousand-edged weapon, desiring to slay (the asura) Mmṛga.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Thousand-edged: sahasra bhṛṣṭim = aparimita tejas, of unbounded lustre
Jamison Brereton
He who filled his belly with soma, the bounteous one, drew exhilaration from the honey, the stalk,
when Uśanā, possessing the great weapon, held the thousand-spiked weapon (out to him), to smash the wild beast.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The overall structure of the vs. is the first issue to address. The first hemistich begins with a rel. clause (in a) with accented verb ápiprata; the second pāda begins with another accented verb, ámandata, which can owe its accent either to its pāda-initial position or to being part of the rel. cl. of pāda a. I choose the former interpr., making b into the main cl. of the vs. (so also Hoffmann, Injunk., 244). Geldner and Witzel Gotō choose the second, with ab containing two parallel rel. clauses. Since the 2nd hemistich consists of a dep. cl. beginning with yád in c, with its accented verb yámat in d, this leaves the vs. without a main cl. Witzel Gotō remedy this by providing a main cl.
frame “Zur Stelle (war er) …” This posited main clause consists entirely of the preverb ā́that begins pāda a (see their n.), a slender reed indeed. Offhand I cannot think of any other examples where a preverb by itself constitutes a clause. This interpr. is esp. unlikely because ā́is an extremely common preverb with √pṛ / prā ‘fill’, and its default interpr. here is as a preverb in tmesis with ápiprata.
This structural question is connected with the problem of yámat in the yád cl.
of the 2nd hemistich. This form should be a subjunctive to the root aor., but it is difficult to construe it as such, viewed in conjunction with the augmented imperfects of ab. In order to hold onto the subjunctive interpr., Hoffmann (Injunk., 244) takes cd as a purpose cl. (“Der Freigebige … berauschte sich …. auf dass ihm … Uśanā … die tausendspitzige Waffe reiche”), but Indra doesn’t drink soma so that Uśanā will give him a weapon, but does so at the same time and occasion when Uśanā gives him the weapon (see, e.g., I.121.12). Witzel Gotō’s “Zur Stelle (war er)” is obviously designed to provide a better pragmatic foundation for the purpose cl. (see their n.), but I have just treated the weakness of their interpr. I therefore think that yámat here has to be a nonce injunction with preterital value, rather than the subjunctive it appears to be.
The pivotal form that allowed this reanalysis is 3rd pl. yaman. This form is morphologically ambiguous: it could be a subjunctive or an injunctive. Although those forms are normally differentiated by the grade of the root (e.g., subj. gáman versus injunc. gmán), a zero-grade injunc. *imán is too radical and would be blocked.
In fact, yaman, which occurs 4x (once as a rep.), is only found in mā́prohibitives and therefore must be an injunc. in every case. To this form, which could also be injunc.
to a thematic stem, a 3rd sg. thematic-type injunc. yámat can be backformed.
On them. ápiprata see Narten 1969 = Kl. Sch. 108-24, esp. 109, 121-24.
Griffith
He who filled full his belly with the Soma’s juice, Maghavan, was delighted with the meath’s sweet draught,
When Usana, that he might slay the monstrous beast, gave him the mighty weapon with a thousand points.
Geldner
Der Freigebige, der sich mit Soma den Bauch gefüllt hatte und sich am süßen Trank berauschte, als Usanas, der die großen Waffen hat, ihm die Waffe mit tausend Zacken reichte, um das Tier zu erlegen.
Grassmann
Dem mächtigen, der sich mit Soma ganz den Bauch gefüllt und sich berauscht hat an dem süssen Kraut, Dass er voll Lust die tausendzack’ge Waffe schwing’, das Wild zu tödten, er, der grosse Waffe trägt.
Elizarenkova
Щедрый – (тот,) кто наполнил брюхо сомой,
Опьянился медовым напитком,
Когда ему для убийства зверя Ушанас, обладатель великого оружия,
Вручил оружие с тысячей зубцов.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- भुरिक्पङ्क्ति
- पञ्चमः
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
अब विद्वद्विषय में पाक के गुणों को कहते हैं ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे मनुष्यो ! (यः) जो (उशना) कामना करता हुआ (मघवा) बहुत धन से युक्त (सोमेन) सोमलता से उत्पन्न रस से (जठरम्) उदर की अग्नि को (आ, अपिप्रत) अच्छे प्रकार पूर्ण करे और (मध्वः) मधुर आदि गुणों से युक्त (अन्धसः) अन्न आदि का भोग करके (अमन्दत) आनन्द करे और (यत्) जो (महावधः) अत्यन्त नाश करनेवाला (मृगाय) हरिण को (हन्तवे) मारने के लिये (सहस्रभृष्टिम्) हजारों दहन जिससे उस (वधम्) वध को (ईम्) सब प्रकार से (यमत्) देवे, वह सब सुख को प्राप्त होता है ॥२॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जो मनुष्य वैद्यकशास्त्र की रीति से सोमलता आदि ओषधियों के रस के साथ संस्कारयुक्त किये गये अन्नों का भोग करते हैं, वे अतुल सुख को प्राप्त होते हैं ॥२॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - अन्वयः
अन्वय: हे मनुष्या ! य उशना मघवा सोमेन जठरमापिप्रत मध्वोऽन्धसो भुक्त्वामन्दत यद्यो महावधो मृगाय हन्तवे सहस्रभृष्टिं वधमीं यमत् सः सर्वं सुखं लभते ॥२॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
अथ विद्वद्विषये पाकगुणानाह ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (आ) समन्तात् (यः) (सोमेन) सोमलतोद्भवेन (जठरम्) उदराग्निम् (अपिप्रत) पूरयेत् (अमन्दत) आनन्देत् (मघवा) बहुधनः (मध्वः) मधुरादिगुणयुक्तस्य (अन्धसः) अन्नादेः (यत्) यः (ईम्) सर्वतः (मृगाय) मृगम् (हन्तवे) हन्तुम् (महावधः) महान् वधो नाशनं येन (सहस्रभृष्टिम्) भृष्टयो भञ्जनानि दहनानि यस्मात्तम् (उशना) कामयमानः (वधम्) (यमत्) नियच्छेत् ॥२॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - ये मनुष्या वैद्यकशास्त्ररीत्या सोमलताद्योषधिरसेन सह संस्कृतान्यन्नानि भुञ्जते तेऽतुलं सुखमाप्नुवन्ति ॥२॥
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जी माणसे वैद्यकशास्त्राच्या रीतीने सोमलता इत्यादी औषधींच्या रसाबरोबर योग्य आहार करतात, ती अतुल सुख प्राप्त करतात. ॥ २ ॥
03 यो अस्मै - जगती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
यो᳓ अस्मै घ्रंस᳓ उत᳓ वा य᳓ ऊ᳓धनि
सो᳓मं सुनो᳓ति भ᳓वति द्युमाँ᳓ अ᳓ह
अ᳓पाप शक्र᳓स् ततनु᳓ष्टिम् ऊहति
तनू᳓शुभ्रम् मघ᳓वा यः᳓ कवासखः᳓
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
यो अ॑स्मै घ्रं॒स उ॒त वा॒ य ऊध॑नि॒ सोमं॑ सु॒नोति॒ भव॑ति द्यु॒माँ अह॑ ।
अपा॑प श॒क्रस्त॑त॒नुष्टि॑मूहति त॒नूशु॑भ्रं म॒घवा॒ यः क॑वास॒खः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- छन्दः - जगती
Thomson & Solcum
यो᳓ अस्मै घ्रंस᳓ उत᳓ वा य᳓ ऊ᳓धनि
सो᳓मं सुनो᳓ति भ᳓वति द्युमाँ᳓ अ᳓ह
अ᳓पाप शक्र᳓स् ततनु᳓ष्टिम् ऊहति
तनू᳓शुभ्रम् मघ᳓वा यः᳓ कवासखः᳓
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
asmai ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
ghraṁsé ← ghraṁsá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}
ū́dhani ← ū́dhar- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}
utá ← utá (invariable)
vā ← vā (invariable)
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
áha ← áha (invariable)
bhávati ← √bhū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
dyumā́n ← dyumánt- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
sómam ← sóma- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
sunóti ← √su- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
ápāpa ← ápa (invariable)
śakráḥ ← śakrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
tatanúṣṭim ← tatanúṣṭi- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
ūhati ← √ūh- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
kavāsakháḥ ← kavāsakhá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
maghávā ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
tanū́śubhram ← tanū́śubhra- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
यः । अ॒स्मै॒ । घ्रं॒से । उ॒त । वा॒ । यः । ऊध॑नि । सोम॑म् । सु॒नोति॑ । भव॑ति । द्यु॒ऽमान् । अह॑ ।
अप॑ऽअप । श॒क्रः । त॒त॒नुष्टि॑म् । ऊ॒ह॒ति॒ । त॒नूऽशु॑भ्रम् । म॒घऽवा॑ । यः । क॒व॒ऽस॒खः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- yo ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- asmai ← idam
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
- ghraṃsa ← ghraṃse ← ghraṃsa
- [noun], locative, singular, masculine
- uta
- [adverb]
- “and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
- vā
- [adverb]
- “or; optionally; either.”
- ya ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- ūdhani ← ūdhas
- [noun], locative, singular, neuter
- “udder; ūdhas [word]; night.”
- somaṃ ← somam ← soma
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
- sunoti ← su
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “press out; su.”
- bhavati ← bhū
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
- dyumāṃ ← dyumat
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “bright; brilliant; brilliant; loud.”
- aha
- [adverb]
- “aha [word]; indeed.”
- apāpa ← apa
- [adverb]
- “away.”
- apāpa ← apa
- [adverb]
- “away.”
- śakras ← śakraḥ ← śakra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight et Arn.; ivory tree.”
- tatanuṣṭim ← tatanuṣṭi
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- ūhati ← ūh
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- tanūśubhram ← tanū
- [noun], feminine
- “body; self; own(a); person; form.”
- tanūśubhram ← śubhram ← śubhra
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “white; beautiful; attractive; śubhra [word]; light.”
- maghavā ← maghavan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; maghavan [word].”
- yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- kavāsakhaḥ ← kavāsakha
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
सायण-भाष्यम्
यः यजमानः अस्मै इन्द्राय घ्रंसे । अहर्नामैतत् । गृह्यन्तेऽस्मिन् रसा इति घ्रंसः । तस्मिन् । उत वा अथवा यः यजमानः ऊधनि । उद्धततरं भवत्युन्नद्धमिति वोधो रात्रिः । स्नेहप्रदानरसाभ्यामूधसि रात्रौ च समत्वाद्रात्रिरप्यूध उच्यते । अहनि रात्रौ च सोमं सुनोति सः भवति द्युमान् दीप्तिमान् । अह इति विनिग्रहार्थीयः । किंच शक्रः शक्तोऽयमिन्द्रः ततनुष्टिम् । ततं धर्मसंततिं नुदति वष्टि कामयते कामानिति ततनुष्टिः । तं तनूशुभ्रम् । तनूः शुभ्रा शोभनीया अलंकारादिभिः यस्य तम् । तादृशं स्वपोषकम् अयज्वानम् अप ऊहति । अपरोऽपशब्दः पूरणः । मघवा धनवान् यः च कवासखः कुत्सितपुरुषसहायस्तमपोहतीति ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“He who pours out the libation to that Indra, by day or by night, undoubtely becomes illustrious; Śakra disregards tthe man who is proud of his descendants and vain of his person n, and who, though wealthy, is the friend of the base.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Proud of his descendants and vain of his person n: tatanuṣṭim tanūśubhram = he who desires, (vaṣṭi) an extended (tata) race (santatim) and he whose person n (tanu) is decorated (śubhra) with ornaments, and in both implying svapoṣakam ayajvānam, a self-cherisher not offering sacrifice
Jamison Brereton
Whoever presses soma for him in the heat or whoever in the cold, he certainly becomes heaven-bright.
The able one, the bounteous one who is partner to the poet (/Kavi
[Uśanā]), snatches off the extended (garment), resplendent on
his body.
Jamison Brereton Notes
On ū́dhar / ū́dhan- as ‘cold’, beside the homonym ‘udder’, see comm. ad VIII.2.12. Note the phonological echo at the end of pādas a and c: ū́dhani# / ūhati#.
There is considerably more phonological play in the 2nd hemistich: tatanúṣṭim ūhati, tanū́śubhram, enclosed within unbroken a’s: ápāpa śakráś … maghávā yáḥ kavāsakháḥ. This phonological pattern may help account for some of the difficulties of interpr. this hemistich. Before addressing the three hapaxes in cd, tatanúṣtim, tanū́śubhram, and kávāsakhaḥ, note that the āmreḍited preverb ápa-apa (that is, ápāpa) superficially reads as a stem ‘not evil’. I doubt if that is accidental, esp. since doubled preverbs are quite rare; we will return to it below.
The first two of the hapaxes form the object of ápa … ūhati. The lexeme ápa √ūh means ‘pull away’. It is used of the extended penis in cosmic incest in X.61.5; more to the point, in AV XVIII.2.57 it is used of a garment that is to be removed (… vā́saḥ … ápaitád ūha yád ihā́bibhaḥ purā́). A garment could well be described as tanū́śubhra- ‘resplendent on the body’; cf. I.85.3 tanū́ṣu śubhrā́ḥ of the Maruts’ ornaments. I therefore supply ‘garment’ as the obj. here. (For a possible variant of this see disc. below.) Geldner refuses to tr. or discuss tatanúṣṭi-; AiG is entirely silent on it; Oldenberg is noncommittal. Nonetheless, the formation of tatanúṣṭi- looks fairly transparent, if quite unprecedented. As Witzel Gotō also suggest, it appears to be a -ti- abstract built to the weak grade of the pf. part. to √tan ‘stretch’. Witzel Gotō gloss ‘die Sich-ausgebreitet-haben-schaft’, which in their interpr. is then also applicable to someone who has this quality. They thus assume a personal object for ápa ūhati, a dandy (Geck): “den, der sich ausgebreitet hat … den Geck.” I’m not sure what a “sich ausgebreitet” person would be, and there are other reasons to prefer supplying ‘garment’ or something similar as the referent of these two acc. First, there is the AV passage just cited, where ‘garment’ is the obj. of ápa √ūh. Second, garments are objects of √tan elsewhere (I.115.4, 134.4; X.106.1). And third, a personal object requires the meaning of ápa √ūh to be seriously attenuated (Witzel Gotō’s abschieben: ‘push away, get rid of’). I therefore take ‘spread-out-ness’ to be a quality attributed to a garment or garmentlike object. However, this analysis causes problems of its own. For one thing, why not simply use the pf. part. alone to qualify the underlying ‘garment’? Forming a derivational monstrosity – a -ti-abstract based on a pf. part. – and then turning this stem into a possessive adj. seem a tremendous amount of bother to go to when the participle by itself would convey the sense. Further, the standard words for garment are neut. (vā́sas-, vástra-), and tatanúṣṭim must be masc. (see the adj. tanū́śubhram agreeing with it). A proper neut. sg. adj. built to a -ti-stem should end in -ti (though as far as I can tell, there are no exx. in the RV), so if tatanúṣṭim is an adj., it is in the wrong gender for the posited noun it modifies. On the other hand, if we try to take tatanúṣṭim simply as the -ti-abstract, not an adj. based on it, the masc. gender of the qualifier tanū́śubhram clashes, since -ti-abstracts are fem. I have only an ad hoc answer to these problems: assuming the form is an adj. whose underlying referent is neut., the bare neut. -ti ending may have seemed anomalous and a more orthodox looking acc. substituted for it, encouraged also by the fact that the next word begins with a vowel and an inserted -m would avoid the hiatus. Meter would be unaffected, and tanū́śubhram can of course be neut. instead of masc. But I do not find this explanation compelling, and a different possibility is discussed below.
I have discussed the third hapax, kavāsakhá-, in some detail in Fs. Jasanoff (2007: 163), reviving the old, but generally now rejected, analysis of the first member as the old nom. sg. of kaví- matching the Aves. nom. sg. kauuā with its hysterokinetic inflection. That this inflectional type may be preserved here may be signalled by the 2nd member -sakháḥ, whose inflection remains hysterokinetic in Vedic and whose nom. sg. is ordinarily sákhā. The current standard interpr. of kavāhere assigns it to a stem (*)kava- ‘humiliating, degrading’ (see EWA s.v. kavatnú-).
So, e.g., Geldner’s rendering of the cmpd as ‘falsch Freund’, with some semantic weakening.
How one analyses the cmpd. depends on what one thinks is going on in the hemistich in general. The first question is who is the referent of the cmpd.? It is found in a two-word nominal rel. cl. yáḥ kavāsakháḥ. Both Geldner and Witzel Gotō take its antecendent to be the obj. of the verb ápa … ūhati (e.g., Witzel Gotō “… den Keck, der die Genossen geringschätzt”), but as was just discussed, it is not at all certain (and in my opinion unlikely) that the object of that verb is a person. Moreover, word order – an often helpful, though of course not sturdily reliable guide in the RV – favors Indra as referent: the verse ends … maghávā yáḥ kavāsakháḥ.
If my analysis is correct – that the cmpd. contains kaví- ‘poet’ and that it characterizes Indra – how can I fit it together with the rest of the vs.? I think the cmpd. has a double sense. On the one hand, the kavā part refers to Uśanā Kāvya, who figures in vs. 2. In fact, note that in 2d uśánā appears in its usual position, immediately after the caesura following an opening of 5. If we superimpose 3d over 2d, kavā- would immediately follow uśánā: [x x x x x / uśánā kavā(-sakha)], the composite yielding a simulacrum of his full name. And of course, as vs. 2 shows, Indra and Uśanā are partners and companions. Uśanā is referred to as kavíelsewhere, with kaví- a substitute for his patronymic; see, e.g., IV.16.3, 26.1.
But the other sense I see here is more sinister and requires considering vs. 3 in connection with the flg. verse. Vs. 4 is a curious, counter-intuitive, and indeed dispiriting vs.: even if Indra kills all your relatives, he still expects you to continue to offer to him. The usual comforting notion in the RV – that Indra will do well by you if you do well by him, while the non-offerer will get badly treated – is overturned here. Indra can act cavalierly and arbitrarily to ruin your life no matter how devotedly you serve him. I think the same unsettling idea is presented in vs. 3.
Though the standard interpr. of vs. 3 (see, e.g., Geldner’s n. 3cd) is that the first hemistich depicts the pious man happily rewarded, while cd shows the impious one getting his just deserts, I take the whole vs. as referring to the ups and downs of the pious somapresser. First, his labors pay off: he becomes dyumā́n ‘heaven-bright’. But in the second half Indra snatches away this brightness, which is spread across him like a garment, “resplendent on his body” (tanū́śubhra-), an appropriate characterization of such brightness. In this reading kavāśakháḥ is ironic; Indra was indeed a companion and partner of the poet, until he wasn’t.
If this interpr. is correct, it may help explain the use of the peculiar formation tatanúṣṭi- discussed at length above. In pāda b the lucky soma-presser is dyu-mánt-, lit. ‘possessing dyu-‘. And by my analysis, it is this purported dyu- that is resplendent on his body. But the well-attested possessive adj. dyu-mánt- has become lexically separated from div-/ dyu- ‘heaven’; there is no independent dyu- ‘brightness’ that can become the property of a person. (The root noun dyút- is rare without preverb and means yet again something different.) It may be that “spreading-ness” is an attempt to capture the quality of heavenly light without having a firm grammatical base, an identifiable independent noun, to found it on. One of the standard tropes using the root √tan is light or a source of light spreading through heaven and other cosmic realms; cf., e.g., X.88.3 of Sūrya yó bhānúnā pṛthivī́ṃ dyā́ṃ utémā́m, ātatā́na ródasī antárikṣam. And so tatanúṣṭi- may embody this whole complex of heavenly light spreading across the man’s body as if through heaven. By this analysis the tatanúṣṭiis not a garment, as I first suggested, but like a garment.
Another piece of evidence may support my view of cd as expressing the undeserved and capricious reversal of fortune of the soma-presser who was riding high in ab. Remember that cd begins with the double preverb ápāpa, which could also be the voc. of an adj. ‘not-evil’. I suggest that this is a despairing address to the soma-presser of ab: “o un-evil [/blameless] one, see what can happen to you anyway.”
Griffith
Illustrious is the man whoever presseth out Soma for him in sunshine or in cloud and rain.
The mighty Maghavan who is the sage’s Friend advanceth more and more his beauteous progeny.
Geldner
Wer ihm bei Sonnenglut oder wer bei Nachtkühle Soma preßt, der wird fürwahr glorreich. Der Mächtige, Freigebige streift dem, der ein falscher Freund ist, den am Leibe glänzenden …….. ganz ab.
Grassmann
Wer ihm in heitrer, oder wer in trüber Zeit den Soma keltert, der fürwahr ist glanzerfüllt; Den Prahler stösst zurück der starke, mächtige, den eitlen Stutzer, der dem Kargen sich gesellt.
Elizarenkova
Кто ему при солнечном зное или кто ночью
Выжимает сому, бывает очень блистательным.
Могучий отстраняет прочь хвастуна (?),
Щедрый – (того,) сверкающего телом, кто друг скупцов.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- भुरिक्त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
फिर विद्वद्विषय को अगले मन्त्र में कहते हैं ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे मनुष्यो ! (यः) जो (अस्मै) इसके लिये (घ्रंसे) दिन में (उत) भी (वा) अथवा (ऊधनि) प्रभातसमय में (सोमम्) जल का (सुनोति) पान करता और (अह) विशेष करके ग्रहण करने में (द्युमान्) बहुत विद्या प्रकाशवाला (भवति) होता तथा (यः) जो (शक्रः) शक्तिमान् (ततनुष्टिम्) विस्तार की (ऊहति) तर्कना करता और (यः) जो (कवासखः) विद्वान् जन मित्र जिसके ऐसा (मघवा) प्रशंसित धनयुक्त पुरुष (तनूशुभ्रम्) शुद्ध शरीरवाले की तर्कना करता है, वह निरन्तर दुःख को (अपाप) दूर करने की तर्कना करता है ॥३॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जो मनुष्य दिन और रात्रि पुरुषार्थ करते हैं, वे निरन्तर सुखी होते हैं ॥३॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - अन्वयः
अन्वय: हे मनुष्या ! योऽस्मै घ्रंस उत वोधनि सोमं सुनोत्यह द्युमान् भवति यः शक्रः ततनुष्टिमूहति यः कवासखो मघवा तनूशुभ्रमूहति स सततं दुःखमपापोहति ॥३॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
पुनर्विद्वद्विषयमाह ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (यः) (अस्मै) (घ्रंसे) दिने। घ्रंस इत्यहर्नामसु पठितम्। (निघं०१।९) (उत) अपि (वा) पक्षान्तरे (यः) (ऊधनि) उषः समये (सोमम्) जलम् (सुनोति) पिबति (भवति) (द्युमान्) बहुविद्याप्रकाशः (अह) विशेषेण ग्रहणे (अपाप) दूरीकरणे (शक्रः) शक्तिमान् (ततनुष्टिम्) विस्तारम् (ऊहति) वितर्कयति (तनूशुभ्रम्) शुभ्रा शुद्धा तनूर्यस्य तम् (मघवा) प्रशंसितधनवान् (यः) (कवासखः) कविः सखा यस्य ॥३॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - ये मनुष्या अहर्निशं पुरुषार्थयन्ति ते सततं सुखिनो जायन्ते ॥३॥
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जी माणसे सतत पुरुषार्थ करतात ती निरंतर सुखी होतात. ॥ ३ ॥
04 यस्यावधीत्पितरं यस्य - जगती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
य᳓स्या᳓वधीत् पित᳓रं य᳓स्य मात᳓रं
य᳓स्य शक्रो᳓ भ्रा᳓तरं ना᳓त ईषते
वे᳓ती᳓द् ऊ अस्य प्र᳓यता यतंकरो᳓
न᳓ कि᳓ल्बिषाद् ईषते व᳓स्व आकरः᳓
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
यस्याव॑धीत्पि॒तरं॒ यस्य॑ मा॒तरं॒ यस्य॑ श॒क्रो भ्रात॑रं॒ नात॑ ईषते ।
वेतीद्व॑स्य॒ प्रय॑ता यतङ्क॒रो न किल्बि॑षादीषते॒ वस्व॑ आक॒रः ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- छन्दः - जगती
Thomson & Solcum
य᳓स्या᳓वधीत् पित᳓रं य᳓स्य मात᳓रं
य᳓स्य शक्रो᳓ भ्रा᳓तरं ना᳓त ईषते
वे᳓ती᳓द् ऊ अस्य प्र᳓यता यतंकरो᳓
न᳓ कि᳓ल्बिषाद् ईषते व᳓स्व आकरः᳓
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ávadhīt ← √vadhⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
mātáram ← mātár- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
pitáram ← pitár- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
yásya ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
yásya ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
átas ← átas (invariable)
bhrā́taram ← bhrā́tar- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
īṣate ← √īṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED, mood:DES}
ná ← ná (invariable)
śakráḥ ← śakrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yásya ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
ít ← ít (invariable)
práyatā ← √yam- (root)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:PL, non-finite:PPP}
u ← u (invariable)
véti ← √vī- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
yataṁkaráḥ ← yataṁkará- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ākaráḥ ← ākará- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
īṣate ← √īṣ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED, mood:DES}
kílbiṣāt ← kílbiṣa- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:N, number:SG}
ná ← ná (invariable)
vásvaḥ ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:N, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
यस्य॑ । अव॑धीत् । पि॒तर॑म् । यस्य॑ । मा॒तर॑म् । यस्य॑ । श॒क्रः । भ्रात॑रम् । न । अतः॑ । ई॒ष॒ते॒ ।
वेति॑ । इत् । ऊं॒ इति॑ । अ॒स्य॒ । प्रऽय॑ता । य॒त॒म्ऽक॒रः । न । किल्बि॑षात् । ई॒ष॒ते॒ । वस्वः॑ । आ॒ऽक॒रः ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- yasyāvadhīt ← yasya ← yad
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- yasyāvadhīt ← avadhīt ← vadh
- [verb], singular, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)
- “kill; assail; kick; māray; destroy; beat.”
- pitaraṃ ← pitaram ← pitṛ
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”
- yasya ← yad
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- mātaraṃ ← mātaram ← mātṛ
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
- yasya ← yad
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- śakro ← śakraḥ ← śakra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight et Arn.; ivory tree.”
- bhrātaraṃ ← bhrātaram ← bhrātṛ
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “brother; bhrātṛ; relative.”
- nāta ← na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- nāta ← atas
- [adverb]
- “now; therefore; then; from there; hence; consequently; then; hence; henceforth.”
- īṣate ← īṣ
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- vetīd ← veti ← vī
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “approach; ask; desire; go; drive.”
- vetīd ← id
- [adverb]
- “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
- v ← u
- [adverb]
- “ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
- asya ← idam
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
- prayatā ← prayam ← √yam
- [verb noun], accusative, plural
- “give; emit; send; transmit.”
- yataṅkaro ← yataṅkaraḥ ← yataṃkara
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- kilbiṣād ← kilbiṣāt ← kilbiṣa
- [noun], ablative, singular, neuter
- “sin; fault; misdemeanor.”
- īṣate ← īṣ
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- vasva ← vasvaḥ ← vasu
- [noun], genitive, singular, neuter
- “Vasu; Vasu; eight; vas; audbhida; Deva; sun; pāṃśuja; Agni.”
- ākaraḥ ← ākara
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “mine; group; aṅgārakoṣṭhī; source.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
शक्रः शक्तोऽयं यस्य अयज्वनः पितरं अवधीत् हतवान् । यस्य च मातरम् अवधीत् । यस्य च भ्रातरं अतः अस्मादयज्वनः सकाशात् न ईषते । न बिभेति न गच्छति वा । किंतु अस्य प्रयता प्रदत्तानि हवींषि वेतीद् कामयत एव । अयज्वानं शिक्षयित्वा नियोजयतीत्यर्थः । यतंकर: यमनकर्ता वस्वः वसुनः धनस्य आकरः अभिमुख्यकर्ता यः किल्बिषात् पित्रादिवधयुक्तात् न ईषते न चलति न बिभेति वा । इन्द्रस्य अस्तोतॄणां हतिः ‘इन्द्रो यतीन् सालावृकेभ्यः प्रयच्छत् अन्तरिक्षे पौलोमान् पृथिव्यां कालकाञ्ज्यानरुन्मुखान्यतीन् सालावृकेभ्यः प्रायच्छम्’ इत्यादिश्रुतिषु प्रसिद्धा ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Śakra does not turn away from him whose father, whose mother, whose brother he has slain, but is willing to accept his offerings; the regulator (of acts), the bestower of riches, does not turn away from iniquity.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Does not turn away: na ata īṣate = he does not fear, or does not go up or from hence, na bibheti na gacchati vā; whose brother he has slain: avadhīt has the nominative native śakra; in the second line kilviṣād īṣate, he, Indra, does not go from sin, sin is a reference to the sinner, that is, from one who is a patricide or the like, pitrādi vadha yuktāt, that is, he does not turn away from who has committed these crimes; the reason is: veti idvasya prayata, for verily he desires his offerings, prayatāni dadāni
Jamison Brereton
The man whose father the able one has smashed, whose mother, whose brother—he [=Indra] does not shrink (even) from him.
Rather, he actually pursues his offerings; the arranger, the distributor of goods does not shrink from his offense.
Jamison Brereton Notes
As noted in the published introduction. and in the disc. of vs. 4 immediately above, the sense of this vs. – which seems surprisingly clear – is hard to square with our usual notions of Rigvedic reciprocal responsibilities, for the vs. states that Indra can kill all your relatives and still demand your offerings, with no attempt even to deny or distance himself from what he did. Geldner and Oldenberg pass over this unsettling doctrine in silence; Witzel Gotō suggest that the vs. shows that Indra doesn’t fear a blood feud (Blutrache), but this seems to let Indra off too easily. There is no sign of the reciprocity that “blood feud” implies: the hapless man whose relatives have been slaughtered does not seem to have done anything injurious to Indra, nor did his dead relatives – at least as far as the vs. allows us to see. The killings appear to be the arbitrary acts of a powerful god just because he can. It may be no accident that Indra is called śakrá- ‘able’ here and in 3cd, where he also arbitrarily exerted his power.
(Of course, śakrá- is a common epithet of Indra in the RV and later, and I would not suggest that it is always used with this nuance – only that our poet exploited the literal sense of the word.) The fact that the word kílbiṣa- is used of Indra’s deed supports the view that what he did was simply wrong; see published introduction.
I take práyata- in its usual sense, referring to offerings or bounties ‘held forth’ or ‘presented’. Cf. nearby V.30.12 práyatā maghā́ni, X.15.12 práyatā havī́ṃṣi, etc. I cannot get anything else out of this sentence than that Indra still wants the aggrieved man to keep making giving him oblations. Witzel Gotō tr. “Darreichungen,” but suggest in their n. that it refers to “Reparations-, Satisfaktionszahlungen.” But what right would Indra have to seek reparations when he was the one who inflicted the damage? yataṃkará- is a hapax, and the identity of neither of its parts is as sure as the standard interpr. take them. Grassmann suggests yataṃ belongs to the ppl. of √yam, therefore morphologically identical to the immediately preceding (prá-)yatā, but this analysis is rejected, rightly in my view, by Geldner and Witzel Gotō, who take it (the former implicitly, the latter explicitly) as the acc. sg. of a root noun to √yat, found also in the cmpd saṃyát- in 9c. Although the uncompounded root noun is not found elsewhere and it is not mentioned by Schindler in his Root Noun diss. or Scarlatta in his disc. of √yat (403-4), I think this must be the correct analysis, with the noun meaning ‘(proper) arrangement’ or the like. The published translation ‘arranger’ reflects this analysis of yataṃ, while taking 2nd member -kará- from √kṛ, hence ‘make arrangements’ à ‘arranger’. I now think this interpr. of the 2nd member is wrong. This pāda-final compound matches final ākaráḥ of the next pāda, which, construed with preceding vásvaḥ, means ‘distributor of goods’. This -kará- does not belong to √kṛ, however, but to √kṝ, kir ‘scatter’, which occurs with ā́in just this phrase: cf. IX.81.3 ā́naḥ … kirā vásu “scatter/distribute goods to us.” This strongly suggests that the parallel cmpd yataṃkará- contains the same form, which leads to a sense ‘scattering the arrangement’ – viz., destroying it, blowing it to smithereens and scattering the resulting particles. This accurately reflects what Indra has done in this vs. – violating the arrangement between men and gods – worship and offerings in return for protection, aid, and material goods – by smiting the family of his devotee, though he still provides goods. I would therefore change the published translation from ‘the arranger’ to ‘scattering/destroying the arrangement’.
Griffith
The Strong God doth not flee away from him whose sire, whose mother or whose brother he hath done to death.
He, the Avenger, seeketh this man’s offered gifts: this God, the source of riches, doth not flee from sin.
Geldner
Der Mächtige geht dem nicht aus dem Wege, dessen Vater, dessen Mutter, dessen Bruder er erschlagen hat. Er fordert sogar noch Geschenke von ihm, wenn er einen Vergleich macht. Er scheut vor keinem Unrecht zurück, der Verschenker des Gutes.
Grassmann
Wem Vater, Mutter oder Bruder er erschlug, vor dem auch weicht der starke nimmermehr zurück; Was man ihm darreicht, das nimmt der Bezwinger an, nicht weicht er der Gewaltthat, wenn er Gut verleiht.
Elizarenkova
У кого он убил отца, у кого мать,
У кого могучий (убил) брата, он не отшатывается от того (человека).
Напротив, (этот) воздаятель охотно принимает у него предложенные (дары).
Он не отшатывается от преступления, (этот) наделитель добром.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- निचृज्जगती
- निषादः
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
अब प्रजाविषय को अगले मन्त्र में कहते हैं ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (शक्रः) सामर्थ्यवान् जन (यस्य) जिसके (पितरम्) पिता का (यस्य) जिसकी (मातरम्) माता का और (यस्य) जिसके (भ्रातरम्) भ्राता का (न) नहीं (अवधीत्) नाश करे (अतः) इससे इसका (न) नहीं (ईषते) नाश करता और (अस्य) इसके (यतङ्करः) प्रयत्न करनेवाले के (न) सदृश (प्रयता) अत्यन्त दिये हुओं की (वेति) कामना करता है (उ) और (वस्वः) धन का (आकरः) समूह (किल्विषात्) पाप से पृथक् (इत्) ही (ईषते) प्राप्त होता है ॥४॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जो पिता, माता और भ्रातृ आदि पालन करें, उनके पुत्र आदि को चाहिये कि निरन्तर सत्कार करें और जो पापाचरण का त्याग करके धर्म्म का आचरण करते हैं, वे सब काल में सुखी होते हैं ॥४॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - अन्वयः
अन्वय: शक्रो यस्य पितरं यस्य मातरं यस्य भ्रातरं नावधीदतोऽस्य नेषतेऽस्य यतङ्करो न प्रयता वेति उ वस्व आकरः किल्विषात् पृथगिदीषते प्राप्नोति ॥४॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
अथ प्रजाविषयमाह ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (यस्य) (अवधीत्) (पितरम्) (यस्य) (मातरम्) जननीम् (यस्य) (शक्रः) शक्तिमान् (भ्रातरम्) सहोदरम् (न) निषेधे (अतः) (ईषते) हिनस्ति (वेति) कामयते (इत्) (उ) (अस्य) (प्रयता) प्रकर्षेण दत्तानि (यतङ्करः) यः प्रयत्नं करोति (न) इव (किल्विषात्) पापात् (ईषते) (वस्वः) वसुनो धनस्य (आकरः) समूहः ॥४॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - ये पितामाताभ्रात्रादयः पालयेयुस्तेषां पुत्रादिभिः सततं सत्कारः कर्त्तव्यो ये पापाचरणं विहाय धर्म्ममाचरन्ति ते सर्वदा सुखिनो जायन्ते ॥४॥
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जे माता-पिता व बंधू इत्यादींचे पालन करतात. त्यांच्या पुत्रांनी त्यांचा निरंतर सत्कार करावा. जे पापाचरणाचा त्याग करून धर्माचे आचरण करतात ते सदैव सुखी होतात. ॥ ४ ॥
05 न पञ्चभिर्दशभिर्वष्थ्यारभम् - जगती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
न᳓ पञ्च᳓भिर् दश᳓भिर् वष्टि आर᳓भं
ना᳓सुन्वता सचते पु᳓ष्यता चन᳓
जिना᳓ति वे᳓द् अमुया᳓ ह᳓न्ति वा धु᳓निर्
आ᳓ देवयु᳓म् भजति गो᳓मति व्रजे᳓
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
न प॒ञ्चभि॑र्द॒शभि॑र्वष्ट्या॒रभं॒ नासु॑न्वता सचते॒ पुष्य॑ता च॒न ।
जि॒नाति॒ वेद॑मु॒या हन्ति॑ वा॒ धुनि॒रा दे॑व॒युं भ॑जति॒ गोम॑ति व्र॒जे ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- छन्दः - जगती
Thomson & Solcum
न᳓ पञ्च᳓भिर् दश᳓भिर् वष्टि आर᳓भं
ना᳓सुन्वता सचते पु᳓ष्यता चन᳓
जिना᳓ति वे᳓द् अमुया᳓ ह᳓न्ति वा धु᳓निर्
आ᳓ देवयु᳓म् भजति गो᳓मति व्रजे᳓
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ārábham ← √rabh- (root)
{case:ACC, number:SG}
daśábhiḥ ← dáśa- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
ná ← ná (invariable)
pañcábhiḥ ← páñca- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
vaṣṭi ← √vaś- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
ásunvatā ← ásunvant- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}
caná ← caná (invariable)
ná ← ná (invariable)
púṣyatā ← √puṣ- (root)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
sacate ← √sac- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
amuyā́ ← amuyā́ (invariable)
dhúniḥ ← dhúni- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
hánti ← √han- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
ít ← ít (invariable)
jinā́ti ← √jyā- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
vā ← vā (invariable)
vā ← vā (invariable)
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
bhajati ← √bhaj- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
devayúm ← devayú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
gómati ← gómant- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}
vrajé ← vrajá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
न । प॒ञ्चऽभिः॑ । द॒शऽभिः॑ । व॒ष्टि॒ । आ॒ऽरभ॑म् । न । असु॑न्वता । स॒च॒ते॒ । पुष्य॑ता । च॒न ।
जि॒नाति॑ । वा॒ । इत् । अ॒मु॒या । हन्ति॑ । वा॒ । धुनिः॑ । आ । दे॒व॒ऽयुम् । भ॒ज॒ति॒ । गोऽम॑ति । व्र॒जे ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- pañcabhir ← pañcabhiḥ ← pañcan
- [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
- “five; fifth; pañcan [word].”
- daśabhir ← daśabhiḥ ← daśan
- [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
- “ten; tenth; daśan [word].”
- vaṣṭy ← vaṣṭi ← vaś
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “desire; agree; call; care; like; love.”
- ārabhaṃ ← ārabham ← ārabh ← √rabh
- [verb noun]
- “begin; begin; undertake; do; take.”
- nāsunvatā ← na
- [adverb]
- “not; like; no; na [word].”
- nāsunvatā ← a
- [adverb]
- “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
- nāsunvatā ← sunvatā ← su
- [verb noun], instrumental, singular
- “press out; su.”
- sacate ← sac
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “accompany; follow; company; obey; participate; enter.”
- puṣyatā ← puṣ
- [verb noun], instrumental, singular
- “boom; grow; promote; foster.”
- cana
- [adverb]
- “not even; cana [word].”
- jināti ← ji
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “overcome; cure; win; conquer; control; win; succeed; remove; beat; govern; surpass; suppress.”
- ved ← vā
- [adverb]
- “or; optionally; either.”
- ved ← id
- [adverb]
- “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
- amuyā ← adas
- [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
- “that; John Doe; yonder; from here.”
- hanti ← han
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
- vā
- [adverb]
- “or; optionally; either.”
- dhunir ← dhuniḥ ← dhuni
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “deafening; boisterous; noisy.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- devayum ← devayu
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “devout; devoted.”
- bhajati ← bhaj
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “eat; enjoy; enter (a state); worship; love; flee; possess; fall to one’s share; partake; share; get; approach; love; use.”
- gomati ← gomat
- [noun], locative, singular, masculine
- “rich in cattle; bovine.”
- vraje ← vraja
- [noun], locative, singular, masculine
- “cow pen; Vraja; battalion; Vraja; Vraja; vraja [word]; vraj; herd; flock; group.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
अयमिन्द्रः पञ्चभिर्दशभिः वा सहायैः आरभम् आरम्भं शत्रुहननायालम्बनं न वष्टि साहाय्यं नापेक्षत इत्यर्थः । यद्वा । अमुमिन्द्रं पञ्चभिर्दशभिर्वा यज्ञादन्यैरुपायैः आरभम् आरब्धुमुद्योगं कर्तुं न वष्टि न कामयते । असुन्वता अभिषवमकुर्वता सह पुष्यता चन बन्ध्वादीनपोषयतापि न सचते न संगच्छते । असुन्वन्तम् अभिषवमकुर्वाणम् अयष्टारम् अपुष्णन्तं च न प्राप्नोतीत्यर्थः । न केवलमप्राप्तिमात्रं किंतु जिनाति वा । वाशब्दश्चार्थे । जिनाति च । बाधते । इत् इति पूरणः । हन्ति वा अमुया अमुमयष्टारं धुनिः कम्पकः शत्रूणाम् । देवयुं देवमिन्द्रं कामयमानं यजमानं गोमति व्रजे आ भजति योजयतीत्यर्थः ॥ ॥ ३ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“He desires not (association in) enterprises with five or with ten; he associates not with the man who does not present libations; and cherishes not (his dependents) may, the terrifier (of foes) punishes him or slays him, but he plural ces the devout man in a pasturage stocked with cattle.”
Jamison Brereton
He does not wish to grasp (the offerings) (only) by fives or tens. He does not keep company with a man who doesn’t press (soma), even a prosperous one.
He either despoils (him as he goes) along the way, or the tumultuous one smashes (him). But he gives to the god-seeker a share in the pen full of cattle.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The usual arrangement beween Indra and mortals is re-established in this vs., where Indra’s punishment comes only to the stingy and the non-worshipper, and the pious man gets rewarded.
There is a difference of opinion about the sense of pāda a, because of different interpr. of the acc. inf. ārábham and of the numerical expressions. Geldner takes ārábham as ‘sich verbinden’ and the expressions of numbers as referring to people or gods – the sense being that Indra doesn’t want to team up with others because he’s strong enough on his own. But ā́√rabh does not have that meaning, but only ‘to grasp, grab hold of’. Witzel Gotō also take the numbers as personal: “Nicht wünscht er mit fünf, mit zehn (Leuten) das Erraffen (von Beute),” which I confess I don’t understand. Is the intent that he wants to pile up his booty all by himself? By contrast, I take the numbers as referring to the means of grasping the offerings/goods – either by the number of gifts (=in increments of five or ten) or by handfuls: one (=five fingers) or two (=ten fingers) – and he doesn’t want to acquire the goods in such trifling installments.
In c the question is the function of amuyā́. I cannot identify a part of the Witzel Gotō tr. that represents amuyā́. Geldner’s interpr. is minimalistic: íd amuyā́“nur so,” which Klein (II.160) helpfully expands to “only in that circumstance (viz. when a wealthy person does not have soma pressed for him).” This may well be right. However, I compare X.135.2 cárantam pāpáyāmuyā́“going along yonder evil way.” In our passage this may refer to highway robbery: the offending non-presser gets robbed as he makes his way along the road. Or it may be metaphorical: if the non-presser continues to pursue this behavior he’ll be punished.
Griffith
He seeks no enterprise with five or ten to aid, nor stays with him who pours no juice though prospering well.
The Shaker conquers or slays in this way or that, and to the pious gives a stable full of kine.
Geldner
Er wünscht nicht mit Fünfen, mit Zehnen sich zu verbünden, nicht hält er es mit dem Nichtpressenden, auch nicht wenn der in Fülle hat. Er raubt nur so oder erschlägt lärmend. Dem Gottergebenen gibt er Anteil an der Rinderherde.
Grassmann
Nicht fünf noch zehn Genossen wünscht er sich zur That, noch ist er hold dem mächt’gen, der nicht Soma presst, Mag drängen dort der schnaubende und morden auch, so schenkt er doch dem Frommen rinderreichen Stall.
Elizarenkova
Ни с пятерыми, ни с десятерыми не хочет он связываться.
Он не придерживается того, кто не выжимает (сому), даже если тот процветает.
Он или так покоряет, или сотрясатель убивает.
Преданному богам он дает долю в загоне с коровами.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- जगती
- निषादः
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
फिर उसी विषय को कहते हैं ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - जो (असुन्वता) नहीं पुरुषार्थ करनेवाले से (पञ्चभिः) पाँच इन्द्रियों और (दशभिः) दश प्राणों से (आरभम्) आरम्भ करने की (न) नहीं (वष्टि) कामना करता वह (पुष्यता) पुष्टि को करनेवाले से (न) नहीं (सचते) सम्बन्धित होता (जिनाति, चन) और अपमान को प्राप्त होता है (वा) वा (अमुया) इससे (हन्ति) नाश करता है (वा) वा जो (धुनिः) कंपनेवाला (गोमति) बहुत गौंवे विद्यमान जिसमें उस (व्रजे) गौवों के ठहरने के स्थान में (देवयुम्) विद्वानों की कामना करनेवाले का (आ) सब प्रकार से (भजति) आदर करता और वह सब (इत्) ही सुख का भोग करता है ॥५॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जो आलस्ययुक्त जन पुरुषार्थ को नहीं करते हैं, वे अभीष्ट सिद्धि को नहीं प्राप्त होते हैं ॥५॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - अन्वयः
अन्वय: योऽसुन्वता पञ्चभिर्दशभिरारभं न वष्टि स पुष्यता न सचते जिनाति चन वामुया हन्ति वा यो धुनिर्गोमति व्रजे देवयुमा भजति स सर्वमित् सुखमश्नुते ॥५॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
पुनस्तमेव विषयमाह ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (न) निषेधे (पञ्चभिः) इन्द्रियैः (दशभिः) प्राणैः (वष्टि) कामयते (आरभम्) आरब्धुम् (न) निषेधे (असुन्वता) अपुरुषार्थिना (सचते) सम्बध्नाति (पुष्यता) पुष्टिमाचरता (चन) अपि (जिनाति) अभिभवति (वा) (इत्) (अमुया) (हन्ति) (वा) (धुनिः) कम्पकः (आ) समन्तात् (देवयुम्) देवान् कामयमानम् (भजति) (गोमति) बह्व्यो गावो विद्यन्ते यस्मिँस्तस्मिन् (व्रजे) गवां स्थित्यधिकरणे ॥५॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - येऽलसा पुरुषार्थं न कुर्वन्ति तेऽभीष्टसिद्धिं न लभन्ते ॥
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जे आळशी लोक पुरुषार्थ करत नाहीत त्यांना अभीष्ट सिद्धी प्राप्त होत नाही. ॥ ५ ॥
06 वित्वक्षणः समृतौ - जगती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
वित्व᳓क्षणः स᳓मृतौ चक्रमासजो᳓
अ᳓सुन्वतो वि᳓षुणः सुन्वतो᳓ वृधः᳓
इ᳓न्द्रो वि᳓श्वस्य दमिता᳓ विभी᳓षणो
यथावशं᳓ नयति दा᳓सम् आ᳓रियः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
वि॒त्वक्ष॑णः॒ समृ॑तौ चक्रमास॒जोऽसु॑न्वतो॒ विषु॑णः सुन्व॒तो वृ॒धः ।
इन्द्रो॒ विश्व॑स्य दमि॒ता वि॒भीष॑णो यथाव॒शं न॑यति॒ दास॒मार्यः॑ ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- छन्दः - जगती
Thomson & Solcum
वित्व᳓क्षणः स᳓मृतौ चक्रमासजो᳓
अ᳓सुन्वतो वि᳓षुणः सुन्वतो᳓ वृधः᳓
इ᳓न्द्रो वि᳓श्वस्य दमिता᳓ विभी᳓षणो
यथावशं᳓ नयति दा᳓सम् आ᳓रियः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
cakramāsajáḥ ← cakramāsajá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
sámr̥tau ← sámr̥ti- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}
vitvákṣaṇaḥ ← vitvákṣaṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ásunvataḥ ← ásunvant- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
sunvatáḥ ← √su- (root)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
víṣuṇaḥ ← víṣuṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
vr̥dháḥ ← vr̥dhá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
damitā́ ← damitár- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
vibhī́ṣaṇaḥ ← vibhī́ṣaṇa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
víśvasya ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
ā́ryaḥ ← ā́rya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
dā́sam ← dā́sa- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
nayati ← √nī- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
yathāvaśám ← yathāvaśám (invariable)
पद-पाठः
वि॒ऽत्वक्ष॑णः । सम्ऽऋ॑तौ । च॒क्र॒म्ऽआ॒स॒जः । असु॑न्वतः । विषु॑णः । सु॒न्व॒तः । वृ॒धः ।
इन्द्रः॑ । विश्व॑स्य । द॒मि॒ता । वि॒ऽभीष॑णः । य॒था॒ऽव॒शम् । न॒य॒ति॒ । दास॑म् । आर्यः॑ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- vitvakṣaṇaḥ ← vitvakṣaṇa
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- samṛtau ← samṛti
- [noun], locative, singular, feminine
- “battle; contact.”
- cakramāsajo ← cakramāsajaḥ ← cakramāsaja
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- ‘sunvato ← a
- [adverb]
- “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
- ‘sunvato ← sunvataḥ ← su
- [verb noun], genitive, singular
- “press out; su.”
- viṣuṇaḥ ← viṣuṇa
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “different; assorted; antipathetic; changing.”
- sunvato ← sunvataḥ ← su
- [verb noun], genitive, singular
- “press out; su.”
- vṛdhaḥ ← vṛdha
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “increasing; promotive.”
- indro ← indraḥ ← indra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- viśvasya ← viśva
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
- damitā ← dam
- [verb], singular, periphrast. future
- “calm; mortify; tame.”
- vibhīṣaṇo ← vibhīṣaṇaḥ ← vibhīṣaṇa
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- yathāvaśaṃ ← yathāvaśam
- [adverb]
- nayati ← nī
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”
- dāsam ← dāsa
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “slave; Dāsa; servant; savage; Shudra.”
- āryaḥ ← ārya
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “noble; noble; Indo-European; ārya [word]; honorable; noble.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
समृतौ संग्रामे वित्वक्षणः विशेषेण तनूकर्ता शत्रूणां तदर्थं चक्रमासजः रथचक्रस्यासंजयिता असुन्वतः अयजमानस्य विषुणः पराङ्मुखः सुन्वतः यजमानस्य वृधः वर्धयिता इन्द्रः विश्वस्य दमिता शिक्षयिता विभीषणः भयजनकः आर्यः स्वामी यथावशं यथेच्छं दासं दासकर्माणं जनं नयति स्ववशम् ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“Thinning (his enemies) in battle, and accelerating the wheels (of his car), he turns away from him who offers no libation, and augments (the prosperity of) the offerer; Indra, the subduer of all, the formidable, the lord, conducts the Dāsa at his plural asure.”
Jamison Brereton
Very energetic in the clash, affixing the wheel (to the chariot?), he is antagonistic to the non-presser, but strengthener of the presser. Indra is the dominator of all, spreading fear; the Ārya leads the Dāsa as he wishes.
Jamison Brereton Notes
There is puzzling agreement about the meaning of the hapax cakramāsajá-.
The standard interpr. run counter to the clear structure of the cmpd: a tatpuruṣa with the first member the acc. sg. of cakrá- ‘wheel’ (the acc. blocking hiatus before a vocalic 2nd member) and the 2nd derived from ā́√sa(ñ)j. The lexeme ā́√sa(ñ)j means ‘attach, affix, hang’ (I.191.10, X.124.7); yet this cmpd is universally interpr. as meaning ‘impeding/stopping the wheel’ (Grassmann, Geldner, AiG II.1.183, EWA s.v. SAÑJ) or, acdg. to Witzel Gotō, ‘die Wagen bremsend’ with cakra- as pars pro toto. I do not understand this consensus that the verbal portion should be given a meaning not found with the verb itself, particularly since the context does not impose it. (Sāyaṇa.’s gloss rathacakrasyāsañjayitā does not seem to be responsible for it either.) Only Witzel Gotō attempt to trace a semantic pathway to the meaning attributed to āsajá-, but it is not persuasive. I suppose all these interpr. are thinking of the myth in which Indra tears the wheel off the sun’s chariot, but there is no other indication in context that this myth is at issue – and tearing off and stopping are quite different actions. Given these objections, I prefer to stick with the standard meaning of ā́√sa(ñ)j and assume 1) that it refers to the restoration of the sun’s wheel mentioned in regard to Etaśa in nearby V.31.11, or 2) that is refers to an incident in an unknown story, or 3) that it refers to some pre-batttle preparation or battle tactic. I prefer the first.
Griffith
Exceeding strong in war he stays the chariot wheel, and, hating him who pours not, prospers him who pours.
Indra the terrible, tamer of every man, as Arya leads away the Dasa at his will.
Geldner
Kraftvoll im Kampfe, das Rad aufhaltend, des Nichtpressers Widersacher, der Stärker des Pressenden, eines jeden schreckbringender Bezwinger führt Indra, der Arier, den Dasa, wie er will.
Grassmann
Der sehr gewalt’ge, der im Kampfe hemmt das Rad, ist feind dem, der nicht presst, dem Presser hold, Des Alls Bezwinger, Indra, der in Schrecken setzt; Barbaren führt, wohin er will, der Arier.
Elizarenkova
Могучий в бою, останавливающий колесо,
Отвернувшийся от того, кто не выжимает (сому), укрепляющий выжимающего (сому),
Всеобщий угнетатель, вызывающий страх, Индра –
Ария ведет дасу куда захочет.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- निचृज्जगती
- निषादः
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
अब इन्द्र के सादृश्य से राजगुणों को कहते हैं ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे मनुष्यो ! जैसे (वृधः) बढ़ानेवाला (इन्द्रः) बिजुली के सदृश राजा (विश्वस्य) सम्पूर्ण जगत् का (दमिता) दमन करने और (विभीषणः) भय देनेवाला है, वैसे (वित्वक्षणः) विशेष करके दुःख का नाश करनेवाला (समृतौ) संग्राम में (चक्रमासजः) कालरूप चक्र के महीनों से उत्पन्न हुआ जन (विषुणः) विद्या में व्याप्त और (सुन्वतः) यज्ञ करने और (असुन्वतः) नहीं यज्ञ करनेवाले का दमन करनेवाला होता हुआ (आर्यः) ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय वा वैश्य वर्ण आर्य्य राजा (यथावशम्) यथाशक्ति (दासम्) सेवक शूद्र को (नयति) प्राप्त करता है ॥६॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में वाचकलुप्तोपमालङ्कार है । जैसे ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय और वैश्य आर्यों तथा उत्तम गुण, कर्म्म और स्वभाववालों का शूद्र सेवक होता है, वैसे ही उत्तम गुण और कर्म्म से युक्त राजा की प्रजा सेवन करनेवाली होती है ॥६॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - अन्वयः
अन्वय: हे मनुष्या ! यथा वृधः इन्द्रो विश्वस्य दमिता विभीषणोऽस्ति तथा वित्वक्षणः समृतौ चक्रमासजो विषुणः सुन्वतोऽसुन्वतश्च दमिता सन्नार्यो राजा यथावशं दासं नयति ॥६॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
अथेन्द्रसादृश्येन राजगुणानाह ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (वित्वक्षणः) विशेषेण दुःखस्य विच्छेता (समृतौ) संग्रामे (चक्रमासजः) यो चक्रस्य मासकालस्य मासास्तेभ्यो जातः (असुन्वतः) अयजमानस्य (विषुणः) व्याप्तविद्यस्य (सुवन्तः) यज्ञं कुर्वतः (वृधः) वर्धकः (इन्द्रः) विद्युदिव राजा (विश्वस्य) सर्वस्य जगतः (दमिता) (विभीषणः) भयप्रदः (यथावशम्) वशमनतिक्रम्य करोति (नयति) (दासम्) सेवकं शूद्रम् (आर्यः) ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियवैश्यवर्णः ॥६॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - अत्र वाचकलुप्तोपमालङ्कारः। यथा ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियवैश्यानामार्याणां शुभगुणकर्म्मयुक्तानां शूद्रः सेवको भवति तथा शुभगुणकर्मयुक्तस्य राज्ञः प्रजा सेविका भवति ॥६॥
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - या मंत्रात वाचकलुप्तोपमालंकार आहे. जसे ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य, आर्य या उत्तम गुण, कर्म, स्वभाव असणाऱ्यांचा शूद्र हा सेवक असतो. तसेच उत्तम गुण व कर्माने युक्त राजाची प्रजा सेवक असते. ॥ ६ ॥
07 समीं पणेरजति - जगती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
स᳓म् ईम् पणे᳓र् अजति भो᳓जनम् मुषे᳓
वि᳓ दाशु᳓षे भजति सून᳓रं व᳓सु
दुर्गे᳓ चन᳓ ध्रियते वि᳓श्व आ᳓ पुरु᳓
ज᳓नो यो᳓ अस्य त᳓विषीम् अ᳓चुक्रुधत्
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
समीं॑ प॒णेर॑जति॒ भोज॑नं मु॒षे वि दा॒शुषे॑ भजति सू॒नरं॒ वसु॑ ।
दु॒र्गे च॒न ध्रि॑यते॒ विश्व॒ आ पु॒रु जनो॒ यो अ॑स्य॒ तवि॑षी॒मचु॑क्रुधत् ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- छन्दः - जगती
Thomson & Solcum
स᳓म् ईम् पणे᳓र् अजति भो᳓जनम् मुषे᳓
वि᳓ दाशु᳓षे भजति सून᳓रं व᳓सु
दुर्गे᳓ चन᳓ ध्रियते वि᳓श्व आ᳓ पुरु᳓
ज᳓नो यो᳓ अस्य त᳓विषीम् अ᳓चुक्रुधत्
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ajati ← √aj- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
bhójanam ← bhójana- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
īm ← īm (invariable)
muṣé ← √muṣⁱ- (root)
{case:DAT, number:SG}
paṇéḥ ← paṇí- (nominal stem)
{case:ABL, gender:M, number:SG}
sám ← sám (invariable)
bhajati ← √bhaj- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
dāśúṣe ← dāśváṁs- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
sūnáram ← sūnára- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
vásu ← vásu- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:SG}
ví ← ví (invariable)
ā́ ← ā́ (invariable)
caná ← caná (invariable)
dhriyate ← √dhr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:PASS}
durgé ← durgá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}
purú ← purú- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
víśvaḥ ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ácukrudhat ← √krudh- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}
asya ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}
jánaḥ ← jána- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
táviṣīm ← táviṣī- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
सम् । ई॒म् । प॒णेः । अ॒ज॒ति॒ । भोज॑नम् । मु॒षे । वि । दा॒शुषे॑ । भ॒ज॒ति॒ । सू॒नर॑म् । वसु॑ ।
दुः॒ऽगे । च॒न । ध्रि॒य॒ते॒ । विश्वः॑ । आ । पु॒रु । जनः॑ । यः । अ॒स्य॒ । तवि॑षीम् । अचु॑क्रुधत् ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- sam
- [adverb]
- “sam; together; together; saṃ.”
- īm ← īṃ
- [adverb]
- paṇer ← paṇeḥ ← paṇi
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “niggard; paṇ.”
- ajati ← aj
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “drive; expel.”
- bhojanam ← bhojana
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “food; eating; foodstuff; meal; property; sevana; enjoyment.”
- muṣe ← muṣ
- [verb noun]
- “rob; remove; steal.”
- vi
- [adverb]
- “apart; away; away.”
- dāśuṣe ← dāś
- [verb noun], dative, singular
- “sacrifice; give.”
- bhajati ← bhaj
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “eat; enjoy; enter (a state); worship; love; flee; possess; fall to one’s share; partake; share; get; approach; love; use.”
- sūnaraṃ ← sūnaram ← sūnara
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “noble.”
- vasu
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
- durge ← durga
- [noun], locative, singular, neuter
- “fortress; stronghold; difficulty; danger; passage.”
- cana
- [adverb]
- “not even; cana [word].”
- dhriyate ← dhṛ
- [verb], singular, Indikativ Pr¦s. Passiv
- “keep; put; hold; assume; wear; take; promise; stay; exist; hold; begin; dip.”
- viśva ← viśvaḥ ← viśva
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
- ā
- [adverb]
- “towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
- puru
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- “many; much(a); very.”
- jano ← janaḥ ← jana
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
- yo ← yaḥ ← yad
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “who; which; yat [pronoun].”
- asya ← idam
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
- taviṣīm ← taviṣī
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “strength; power.”
- acukrudhat ← krudh
- [verb], singular, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)
- “anger; kup.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
ईम् अयमिन्द्रः पणेः वणिज इव लुब्धकस्यादातुः भोजनं धनमन्नं वा मुषे चोरयितुं सम् अजति सम्यक् गच्छति । गत्वा चादाय दाशुषे हविर्दात्रे यजमानाय वि भजति सूनरं शोभनमनुष्यं वसु धनम् । अयष्टुर्धनमाकृष्य यष्ट्रे प्रयच्छतीत्यर्थः । न केवलं वणिग्धनप्रदानमात्रं किंतु पुरु पुरुणि दुर्गे चन दुःखेन गन्तव्ये आपद्यपि विश्वः सर्वोऽपि दातृजनः आ ध्रियते आस्थाप्यते । यः जनः अस्य इन्द्रस्य तविषीं बलम् अचुक्रुधत् विहिताकरणादिना तस्य पणेरजतीति पूर्वशेषः । यद्वा । योऽस्य तविषीमचुक्रुधत् स सर्वोऽपि जनो दुर्गे चनाध्रियत इन्द्रेण ॥ चनेत्येकपदमध्येतृसंप्रदायप्राप्तम् ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“He proceeds to plural nder the wealth of the (avaricious), and bestows the riches that are prized by man upon the donor (of the libation); every man is involved in great difficulty who provokes the might of Indra to wrath.”
Jamison Brereton
He drives together the sustenance of the niggard, to steal it, but he shares out liberal goods to the pious.
In a (place) of no exit there is held firmly each and every people that has antagonized his power.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The lexeme sám √aj is used elsewhere of ‘driving together’ cattle (I.33.3); here the bhójanam of the niggard is presumably livestock. Though paṇéḥ here is used oppositionally to dāśúṣe in b (see Geldner’s n. 7ab), the word also summons up Indra’s opponents, the Paṇis, who stole his cows – so stealing them back (muṣé) is only justice.
The syntax of c is quite challenging. Let us begin with víśva ā́purú. The phrase purú víśva- appears to be an idiom, or at least is found twice in the RV, meaning “all the many”: I.191.9 purú víśvāni “all the many (bugs),” VII.62.1 purú víśvā jánima “all the many tribes.” Here, however, the words are in opposite order, with the preverb/adposition ā́intervening, and the referent is singular (víśva[ḥ] … jánaḥ). Nonetheless, I think the locutions are essentially the same, though I tr. “each and every” to capture the singular number.
I do not know what to do with ā́. It is possible that it is a preverb with dhriyate, but 1) though ā́is found with √dhṛ, it is not common, and 2) preverbs in tmesis generally move to metrical or syntactic boundaries, and ā́is not so placed here. The standard interpr. do not comment on it. I have no solution.
The last issue is the use of caná. Geldner (/Witzel Gotō) take it as neg. ‘nicht einmal’ (not even). The sense of the clause, acdg. to them, is that a people that has provoked Indra’s anger can’t hole up for a long time even in a place that’s hard to penetrate.
Thus by their interpr. durgá- is a desirable, fortress-like location for the offending people, but they can’t hold onto it. But durgá- is always otherwise an undesirable place, where no one wants to be – where we wish Indra to send our enemies (VII.25.2) but from which we want to be rescued. I therefore think that the point of this clause is that Indra’s antagonists get confined to such a place and therefore caná does not have a negative sense here. Twice loc. durgé is followed by cid ‘even’ (VIII.27.18, 93.10), and durgé caná here may be a variant of this usage. Although he unfortunately does not discuss this passage, Klein’s general disc. of caná (DGRV I.285-92) as essentially borrowing negative value from the negative contexts in which it’s ordinarily found allows for an original underlying positive value ‘even’.
The published translation should be slightly altered to “Even in a (place) …,” though I’m not sure what sense ‘even’ adds – perhaps that not only are the people confined but they are confined in a really nasty place.
Griffith
He gathers up for plunder all the niggard’s gear: excellent wealth he gives to him who offers gifts.
Not even in wide stronghold may all the folk stand firm who have provoked to anger his surpassing might.
Geldner
Er treibt den Wohlstand des Geizigen zusammen, um ihn zu rauben, und teilt dem Opferwilligen herrliches Gut zu. Nicht einmal in einer Bergfeste hält sich sogar ein ganzer Volksstamm lange, der seine Stärke gereizt hat.
Grassmann
Des Geiz’gen Nahrung nimmt zum Raube er hinweg, und dem Verehrer theilt er aus das reiche Gut; An festverschlossnem Ort auch hält nicht lange Stand der Mann, der je des Indra Kraft zum Zorne reizt.
Elizarenkova
Он сгоняет в одно место имущество скупца, чтобы (его) разграбить,
Почитающему (его) он выделяет замечательное добро.
Не раз оказывается в беде весь
Народ, который раздразнил его силу.
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- निचृज्जगती
- निषादः
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
फिर राजविषय को अगले मन्त्र में कहते हैं ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे राजन् ! जो (पणेः) स्तुति किये गये के (भोजनम्) पालन वा अन्न आदि को (अजति) प्राप्त होता और (मुषे) चोर के लिये दण्ड को और (दाशुषे) दानशील के लिये दान (चन) भी (सम्) उत्तम प्रकार (वि, भजति) बाँटता है तथा (यः) जो (अस्य) इस शत्रुजन की (तविषीम्) सेना को (अचुक्रुधत्) अत्यन्त क्रुद्धित करता है वह (ईम्) सब प्रकार से (विश्वः) सम्पूर्ण (जनः) मनुष्य (दुर्गे) दुःख से प्राप्त होने योग्य व्यवहार वा उत्तम कोट में (पुरु) बहुत (सूनरम्) उत्तम मनुष्य जिसमें उस (वसु) धन का (आ) सेवन करता है और राजा से (ध्रियते) धारण किया जाता है ॥७॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जो राजा चोर, डाकू आदि जनों के लिये कठिन दण्ड और श्रेष्ठ जनों के लिये प्रतिष्ठा देता है, उसका राज्य धन आदि से युक्त हुआ वृद्धि को प्राप्त होता और उसका इस संसार में यश और परलोक में सुख होता है ॥७॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - अन्वयः
अन्वय: हे राजन् ! यः पणेर्भोजनमजति मुषे दण्डं दाशुषे दानं चन सं वि भजति योऽस्य शत्रोस्तविषीमचुक्रुधत् स ईं विश्वो जनो दुर्गे पुरु सूनरं वस्वा भजति राज्ञा ध्रियते ॥७॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
पुना राजविषयमाह ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सम्) सम्यक् (ईम्) सर्वतः (पणेः) स्तूयमानस्य (अजति) प्राप्नोति (भोजनम्) पालनमन्नादिकं वा (मुषे) चोराय (वि) (दाशुषे) दानशीलाय (भजति) (सूनरम्) शोभना नरा यस्मिँस्तत् (वसु) धनम् (दुर्गे) दुःखेन गन्तुं योग्ये प्रकोटे वा (चन) (ध्रियते) (विश्वः) सर्वः (आ) (पुरु) बहु (जनः) मनुष्यः (यः) (अस्य) जनस्य (तविषीम्) बलम् (अचुक्रुधत्) भृशं क्रोधयति ॥७॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - यो राजा दस्य्वादिभ्यः कठिनं दण्डं श्रेष्ठेभ्यः प्रतिष्ठां प्रयच्छति तस्य राज्यं धनादियुक्तं सद्वर्धते तस्येह यशोऽमुत्र सुखं च जायते ॥७॥
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - जो राजा चोर, दस्यू इत्यादी लोकांना कठीण दंड देतो व श्रेष्ठ लोकांना मान देतो त्याचे राज्य धन इत्यादींनी वाढते त्याला जगात यश व परलोकात सुख मिळते. ॥ ७ ॥
08 सं यज्जनौ - जगती
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
सं᳓ य᳓ज् ज᳓नौ सुध᳓नौ विश्व᳓शर्धसाव्
अ᳓वेद् इ᳓न्द्रो मघ᳓वा गो᳓षु शुभ्रि᳓षु
यु᳓जं हि᳓ अन्य᳓म् अ᳓कृत प्रवेपनी᳓
उ᳓द् ईं ग᳓व्यं सृजते स᳓त्वभिर् धु᳓निः
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
सं यज्जनौ॑ सु॒धनौ॑ वि॒श्वश॑र्धसा॒ववे॒दिन्द्रो॑ म॒घवा॒ गोषु॑ शु॒भ्रिषु॑ ।
युजं॒ ह्य१॒॑न्यमकृ॑त प्रवेप॒न्युदीं॒ गव्यं॑ सृजते॒ सत्व॑भि॒र्धुनिः॑ ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- छन्दः - जगती
Thomson & Solcum
सं᳓ य᳓ज् ज᳓नौ सुध᳓नौ विश्व᳓शर्धसाव्
अ᳓वेद् इ᳓न्द्रो मघ᳓वा गो᳓षु शुभ्रि᳓षु
यु᳓जं हि᳓ अन्य᳓म् अ᳓कृत प्रवेपनी᳓
उ᳓द् ईं ग᳓व्यं सृजते स᳓त्वभिर् धु᳓निः
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
jánau ← jána- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:DU}
sám ← sám (invariable)
sudhánau ← sudhána- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:DU}
viśváśardhasau ← viśváśardhas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:DU}
yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
ávet ← √avⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:OPT, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
góṣu ← gáv- ~ gó- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}
índraḥ ← índra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
maghávā ← maghávan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
śubhríṣu ← śubhrí- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:F, number:PL}
ákr̥ta ← √kr̥- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:MED}
anyám ← anyá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
hí ← hí (invariable)
pravepanī́ ← pravepanín- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
yújam ← yúj- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
dhúniḥ ← dhúni- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
gávyam ← gávya- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
īm ← īm (invariable)
sátvabhiḥ ← sátvan- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}
sr̥jate ← √sr̥j- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
út ← út (invariable)
पद-पाठः
सम् । यत् । जनौ॑ । सु॒ऽधनौ॑ । वि॒श्वऽश॑र्धसौ । अवे॑त् । इन्द्रः॑ । म॒घऽवा॑ । गोषु॑ । शु॒भ्रिषु॑ ।
युज॑म् । हि । अ॒न्यम् । अकृ॑त । प्र॒ऽवे॒प॒नी । उत् । ई॒म् । गव्य॑म् । सृ॒ज॒ते॒ । सत्व॑ऽभिः । धुनिः॑ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- saṃ ← sam
- [adverb]
- “sam; together; together; saṃ.”
- yaj ← yat
- [adverb]
- “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
- janau ← jana
- [noun], accusative, dual, masculine
- “people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
- sudhanau ← su
- [adverb]
- “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
- sudhanau ← dhanau ← dhana
- [noun], accusative, dual, masculine
- “wealth; property; money; treasure; prize; dhana [word]; valuable; dhan; capital; fight.”
- viśvaśardhasāv ← viśva
- [noun]
- “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
- viśvaśardhasāv ← śardhasau ← śardhas
- [noun], accusative, dual, masculine
- “troop.”
- aved ← avet ← vid
- [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
- “know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
- indro ← indraḥ ← indra
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
- maghavā ← maghavan
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “Indra; maghavan [word].”
- goṣu ← go
- [noun], locative, plural, masculine
- “cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
- śubhriṣu ← śubhri
- [noun], locative, plural, masculine
- “beautiful.”
- yujaṃ ← yujam ← yuj
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “ally; friend; pair; two; companion.”
- hy ← hi
- [adverb]
- “because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
- anyam ← anya
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”
- akṛta ← kṛ
- [verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
- “make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
- pravepany ← pravepanī ← pravepanin
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- ud
- [adverb]
- “up.”
- īṃ ← īm ← īṃ
- [adverb]
- gavyaṃ ← gavyam ← gavyā
- [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
- sṛjate ← sṛj
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”
- satvabhir ← satvabhiḥ ← satvan
- [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
- “warrior.”
- dhuniḥ ← dhuni
- [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
- “deafening; boisterous; noisy.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
सम् अवेत् संजानाति यत् यदा जनौ परस्परप्रतिद्वन्द्विनौ सुधनौ शोभनधनौ विश्वशर्धसौ व्याप्तबलौ बहूत्साहौ वा मघवा धनवान् इन्द्रः गोषु शुभ्रिषु शोभनासु गोषु निमित्तभूतासु अन्यं यष्टारं युजं सहायम् अकृत कृतवान् प्रवेपनी शत्रूणां प्रवेपनवान् । ईम् अस्मै गव्यं गोसमूहम् उत् सृजते सत्वभिः मरुद्भिः सह धुनिः मेघानां कम्पयिता । इन्द्रो यजमानम् अयजमानं वा यं जानाति गोनिमित्तं ज्ञात्वा यज्वने गोसमूहं प्रयच्छतीत्यर्थः ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“When Indra, the possessor of opulence, discriminates between two men, both wealthy, and exerting themselves (against each other) for the sake of valuable cattle, he takes one of them as his associate, causing (his adversaries) to tremble, and the agitator (of the clouds), together with the Maruts, bestows upon him herds of cattle.”
Jamison Brereton
When the two wealthy peoples with all their troops (clashed) together, Indra the bounteous pursued (them) in the (battles for) resplendent cattle.
Since the shaker has made one of them his yokemate, he drives up for himself the bovine (wealth) (of the other)—the tumultuous one along with his warriors.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The identity of the verb ávet in b is disputed. Grassmann takes it as an opt. to √av ‘help’; Oldenberg rejects that analysis but suggests that either √vid ‘know’ or √vī ‘pursue’ is possible. Geldner and Witzel Gotō (see also Oberlies RdV I.535) opt for √vid and take the rest of the ab as indirect discourse controlled by this verb (“when he found out that …”).
This is possible, but I find it hard to integrate subordinate yád clause in ab (with plupf.) with the hí cl. of c (with root aor.) and the main cl. of d (with pres. indic.). I find that the sequence of tense works better if ab is a separate unit, with subord. yád cl. in a and main clause in b (ávet accented because pāda-initial). Then c is the causal grounds for the main cl. in d and expresses immed. past.
My analysis requires supplying a verb in pāda a, linked to the preverb sám (which by the other interpr. must be construed with √vid, a combination not found with ‘know’, though it is with √vid ‘find’). A good candidate for a verb to supply is given by sámṛti- ‘clash’ in 6a, and verbal forms to this idiom (sám √ṛ) are fairly common. Cf. VII.25.1 … yát samáranta sénāḥ “when armies clash together.” My analysis also depends on a different analysis of ávet, which I assign to √vī ‘pursue’.
Note véti opening 4c.
The def. anyám ‘the one’ in c, referring to one of the two opponents in ab, more or less demands a responsive ‘the other’, as Geldner and I supply in d.
Oldenberg questions the existence of the stem pravepanín-, suggesting that pravepanī́is an adverbial instr. to a pravepanī́- (fld. by Witzel Gotō). I don’t see that a stem pravepanī́- is appreciably better than an -ín-stem and follow the older analysis.
Griffith
When Indra Maghavan hath marked two wealthy men fighting for beauteous cows with all their followers,
He who stirs all things takes one as his close ally, and, Shaker, with his Heroes, sends the kine to him.
Geldner
Wenn der freigebige Indra erfahren hat, daß zwei reiche Volksstämme vollständig gerüstet sind zum Kampf um schmucke Kühe, da verbündet sich nämlich der Schreckensverbreiter mit dem einen und er treibt die Rinderherde des anderen mit den Kriegern lärmend aus der Hürde heraus.
Grassmann
Wenn der gewalt’ge Indra zwei sehr mächt’ge Herrn mit ihrem Heer zum Kampf um schöne Rinder treibt, Dann nimmt den einen sich zum Freund der schreckliche, ergiesst ihm, stürmend mit den Tapfern, Rindbesitz.
Elizarenkova
Если щедрый Индра узнал, что два очень богатых народа
Полностью вооружились (для захвата) прекрасных коров,
То вызывающий содрогание делает союзником одного (из них),
Сотрясатель со (своими) воинами выгоняет стадо скота (другого из загона).
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- त्रिष्टुप्
- धैवतः
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
फिर पूर्वोक्त विषय को अगले मन्त्र में कहते हैं ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे मनुष्यो ! जो (धुनिः) कंपनेवाला (मघवा) अत्यन्त श्रेष्ठ बहुत धन से युक्त (इन्द्रः) राजा और (यत्) जो (सुधनौ) धर्म्म से उत्पन्न हुए श्रेष्ठ धन से तथा (विश्वशर्धसौ) सम्पूर्ण बल से युक्त (जनौ) दो जनों को (सम्, अवेत्) अच्छे प्रकार प्राप्त होवे और (शुभ्रिषु) उत्तम गुणवाले (गोषु) धेनु और पृथिवी आदिकों में (हि) जिससे (युजम्) युक्त (अन्यम्) अन्य को (अकृत) करता है और (प्रवेपनी) चलती हुई (गव्यम्) गौओं के लिये हितकारक (ईम्) जल को (सत्त्वभिः) पदार्थों से (उत्, सृजते) उत्पन्न करता है, वह सुख करनेवाला होता है ॥८॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - राजा को चाहिये कि अपने राज्य में उत्तम धनी, विद्वान् तथा अध्यापक और उपदेशकों की उत्तम प्रकार रक्षा करके उनसे व्यवहार धन और विद्या की उन्नति करे ॥८॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - अन्वयः
अन्वय: हे मनुष्या ! यो धुनिर्मघवेन्द्रो यत्सुधनौ विश्वशर्धसौ जनौ समवेच्छुभ्रिषु गोषु हि युजमन्यमकृत प्रवेपनी सती गव्यमीं सत्त्वभिरुत्सृजते स सुखकरो जायते ॥८॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
पुनः पूर्वोक्तविषयमाह ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सम्) (यत्) यौ (जनौ) (सुधनौ) धर्मेण जातश्रेष्ठधनौ (विश्वशर्धसौ) समग्रबलयुक्तौ (अवेत्) प्राप्नुयात् (इन्द्रः) राजा (मघवा) परमपूजितबहुधनः (गोषु) धेनुपृथिव्यादिषु (शुभ्रिषु) शुभगुणेषु (युजम्) युक्तम् (हि) यतः (अन्यम्) (अकृत) करोति (प्रवेपनी) गच्छन्ती (उत्) (ईम्) उदकम् (गव्यम्) गोभ्यो हितम् (सृजते) (सत्त्वभिः) पदार्थैः (धुनिः) कम्पकः ॥८॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - राज्ञा स्वराज्य उत्तमान् धनिनो विदुषोऽध्यापकोपदेशकाँश्च संरक्ष्यैतैर्व्यवहारधनविद्योन्नतिः कार्य्या ॥८॥
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - राजाने आपल्या राज्यात उत्तम, धनवान, विद्वान व अध्यापक आणि उपदेशकाचे उत्तम प्रकारे रक्षण करून व्यवहार धन व विद्या उन्नत करावी. ॥ ८ ॥
09 सहस्रसामाग्निवेशिं गृणीषे - त्रिष्टुप्
विश्वास-प्रस्तुतिः ...{Loading}...
सहस्रसा᳓म् आ᳓ग्निवेशिं गृणीषे
श᳓त्रिम् अग्न उपमां᳓ केतु᳓म् अर्यः᳓
त᳓स्मा आ᳓पः संय᳓तः पीपयन्त
त᳓स्मिन् क्षत्र᳓म् अ᳓मवत् त्वेष᳓म् अस्तु
मूलम् ...{Loading}...
स॒ह॒स्र॒सामाग्नि॑वेशिं गृणीषे॒ शत्रि॑मग्न उप॒मां के॒तुम॒र्यः ।
तस्मा॒ आपः॑ सं॒यतः॑ पीपयन्त॒ तस्मि॑न्क्ष॒त्रमम॑वत्त्वे॒षम॑स्तु ॥
सर्वाष् टीकाः ...{Loading}...
अधिमन्त्रम् - sa
- देवता - इन्द्रः
- ऋषिः - संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्
Thomson & Solcum
सहस्रसा᳓म् आ᳓ग्निवेशिं गृणीषे
श᳓त्रिम् अग्न उपमां᳓ केतु᳓म् अर्यः᳓
त᳓स्मा आ᳓पः संय᳓तः पीपयन्त
त᳓स्मिन् क्षत्र᳓म् अ᳓मवत् त्वेष᳓म् अस्तु
Vedaweb annotation
Strata
Normal
Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M
Morph
ā́gniveśim ← ā́gniveśi- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
gr̥ṇīṣe ← √gr̥̄- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}
sahasrasā́m ← sahasrasā́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
agne ← agní- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:M, number:SG}
aryáḥ ← arí- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}
ketúm ← ketú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
śátrim ← śátri- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}
upamā́m ← upamá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}
ā́paḥ ← áp- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
pīpayanta ← √pī- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:PRF, voice:MED}
saṁyátaḥ ← saṁyát- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}
tásmai ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:DAT, gender:M, number:SG}
ámavat ← ámavant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
astu ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}
kṣatrám ← kṣatrá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
tásmin ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:LOC, gender:M, number:SG}
tveṣám ← tveṣá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}
पद-पाठः
स॒ह॒स्र॒ऽसाम् । आग्नि॑ऽवेशिम् । गृ॒णी॒षे॒ । शत्रि॑म् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । उ॒प॒ऽमाम् । के॒तुम् । अ॒र्यः ।
तस्मै॑ । आपः॑ । स॒म्ऽयतः॑ । पी॒प॒य॒न्त॒ । तस्मि॑न् । क्ष॒त्रम् । अम॑ऽवत् । त्वे॒षम् । अ॒स्तु॒ ॥
Hellwig Grammar
- sahasrasām ← sahasra
- [noun], neuter
- “thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”
- sahasrasām ← sām ← sā
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “winning.”
- āgniveśiṃ ← āgniveśim ← āgniveśi
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- gṛṇīṣe ← gṛ
- [verb], singular, Present indikative
- “praise.”
- śatrim ← śatri
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- agna ← agne ← agni
- [noun], vocative, singular, masculine
- “fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
- upamāṃ ← upamām ← upamā
- [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
- “upamā; upamā [word]; comparison; simile; equality.”
- ketum ← ketu
- [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
- “banner; ketu; sunbeam; enemy; sign; Premna spinosa Roxb.; comet; signal; signal; luminosity.”
- aryaḥ ← ari
- [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
- tasmā ← tasmai ← tad
- [noun], dative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- āpaḥ ← ap
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
- saṃyataḥ ← saṃyat
- [noun], nominative, plural, feminine
- “continuous.”
- pīpayanta ← pyā
- [verb], plural, Perfect conjunctive (subj.)
- “swell; abound; swell.”
- tasmin ← tad
- [noun], locative, singular, masculine
- “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
- kṣatram ← kṣatra
- [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
- “Kshatriya; dominion; Kshatriya; kṣatra [word]; power.”
- amavat
- [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
- “impressive; strong.”
- tveṣam ← tveṣa
- [noun], nominative, singular, neuter
- “awful; brilliant; aglitter(p); bright.”
- astu ← as
- [verb], singular, Present imperative
- “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
सायण-भाष्यम्
अग्निवेशिसुतं शत्रिमसंख्यातधनप्रदम् । आशास्त ऋषिरन्त्यर्चा प्रजापतिसुतः सुधीः ॥ अर्यः अहं सहस्रसाम् अपरिमितधनप्रदम् आग्निवेशिम् अग्निवेशिसुतं शत्रिम् एतन्नामकं राजर्षिं गृणीषे गृणे स्तौमि । हे अग्ने अङ्गनादिगुणविशिष्टेन्द्र । कीदृशं तम् । उपमाम् उपमानभूतं केतुं प्रज्ञापकं प्रख्यातमित्यर्थः । तस्मा आपः संयतः सम्यक् गच्छन्त्यः पीपयन्त प्यायन्ताम् । तस्मिन् राज्ञि क्षत्रं धनम् अमवत् बलसहितं त्वेषं दीप्तम् अस्तु इति ॥ ॥ ४ ॥
Wilson
English translation:
“I, Arya, Agni, praise Śatri, the son of Agniveśa, the bestower of thousands, a type for comparison; may the collected waters yield him abundance; may wealth and strength, and glory be upon him.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Agni: Indra is referred as identical with Agni; Agniveśa is a ṛṣi, a son of Brahmā
Jamison Brereton
The thousand-winning Āgniveśi Śatri will I sing, the measure and the beacon for the stranger, o Agni.
For him the waters will swell continuously; in him let there be lordly power aggressive and ardent.
Jamison Brereton Notes
The sense of saṃyát- ‘continuous(ly)’, root noun cmpd. to √yat (see yataṃin 4c and disc. there), must have developed from ‘taking their places together, one after the other’. For further disc. of the stem, see comm. ad IX.86.15.
Griffith
Agni! I laud the liberal Agnivesi, Satri the type and standard of the pious.
May the collected waters yield him plenty, and his be powerful and bright dominion.
Geldner
Den Tausendschenker Satri, des Agnivesa´ Sohn will ich feiern, o Agni, das Vorbild und die Leuchte eines hohen Herrn. Für ihn sollen die Gewässer ununterbrochen anschwellen, bei ihm soll die mächtige, furchtgebietende Herrschaft verbleiben.
Grassmann
Den Çatri preise ich, den Nachkommen des Agniveça, der tausend Gaben schenkt, o Agni, den höchsten Heerführer des treuen [Volkes]; ihm mögen fort und fort die Wasser reich an Nahrung sein; bei ihm verbleibe ungestüme starke Herrschaft.
Elizarenkova
Я хочу воспеть добывающего тысячи сына Агнивеши
Шатри, о Агни, образец для сравнения, светоч для ария,
Да будут воды непрерывно набухать для него!
Да пребывает у него грозная (и) сильная власть!
अधिमन्त्रम् (VC)
- इन्द्र:
- संवरणः प्राजापत्यः
- जगती
- निषादः
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
फिर उसी विषय को कहते हैं ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - हे (अग्ने) अग्नि के सदृश तेजस्वी राजन् ! (अर्यः) स्वामी आप (सहस्रसाम्) असङ्ख्य पदार्थों के विभाग करने (आग्निवेशिम्) अग्नि को प्रवेश कराने और (शत्रिम्) दुःख के नाश करनेवाले (उपमाम्) दृष्टान्त और (केतुम्) बुद्धि की (गृणीषे) स्तुति करते हो (तस्मै) उन आपके लिये (आपः) जलों के सदृश प्रजायें (संयतः) इन्द्रियों के निग्रह से युक्त हुईं (पीपयन्त) तृप्ति करती हैं (तस्मिन्) उन आप राजा में (अमवत्) गृह के तुल्य (त्वेषम्) प्रकाश से युक्त (क्षत्रम्) धन वा राज्य (अस्तु) होवे ॥९॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - इस मन्त्र में वाचकलुप्तोपमालङ्कार है। जो राजा होने की इच्छा करे तो सर्व शास्त्रों में प्रविष्ट हुई स्वच्छ और उत्तम गुणों से युक्त बुद्धि को प्राप्त होकर जैसे पितृजन पुत्रों का पालन करते वैसे प्रजाओं का पालन करे, ऐसा करने पर श्रेष्ठ राज्य बढ़े ॥९॥ इस सूक्त में इन्द्र विद्वान् और प्रजा के गुण वर्णन करने से इस सूक्त के अर्थ की इस से पूर्व सूक्त के अर्थ के साथ सङ्गति जाननी चाहिये ॥ यह चौंतीसवाँ सूक्त और चौथा वर्ग समाप्त हुआ ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - अन्वयः
अन्वय: हे अग्ने राजन् ! अर्यस्त्वं सहस्रसामाग्निवेशिं शत्रिमुपमां केतुं गृणीषे तस्मै त आप इव संयतः प्रजाः पीपयन्त तस्मिंस्त्वयि राज्ञि अमवत्त्वेषं क्षत्रमस्तु ॥९॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - विषयः
पुनस्तमेव विषयमाह ॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - पदार्थः
पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (सहस्रसाम्) यः सहस्रानसंख्यातान् पदार्थान् सनति विभजति तम् (आग्निवेशिम्) योऽग्निं प्रवेशयति तम् (गृणीषे) स्तौषि (शत्रिम्) दुःखविच्छेदकम् (अग्ने) पावक इव (उपमाम्) दृष्टान्तम् (केतुम्) प्रज्ञाम् (अर्यः) स्वामी (तस्मै) (आपः) जलानीव प्रजाः (संयतः) संयमयुक्ताः (पीपयन्त) तर्पयन्ति (तस्मिन्) (क्षत्रम्) धनं राज्यं वा (अमवत्) गृहेण तुल्यम् (त्वेषम्) प्रकाशयुक्तम् (अस्तु) ॥९॥
दयानन्द-सरस्वती (हि) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - अत्र वाचकलुप्तोपमालङ्कारः। यदि राजा भवितुमिच्छेत्तर्हि सर्वशास्त्रविशारदीं शुभगुणाढ्यां प्रज्ञां प्राप्य पितृवत्प्रजाः पालयेदेवं कृते सति प्रशस्तं राष्ट्रं वर्धेतेति ॥९॥ अत्रेन्द्रविद्वत्प्रजागुणवर्णनादेतदर्थस्य पूर्वसूक्तार्थेन सह सङ्गतिर्वेद्या ॥ इति चतुस्त्रिंशत्तमं सूक्तं चतुर्थो वर्गश्च समाप्तः ॥
सविता जोशी ← दयानन्द-सरस्वती (म) - भावार्थः
भावार्थभाषाः - या मंत्रात वाचकलुप्तोपमालंकार आहे. ज्याला राजा होण्याची इच्छा असेल त्याने जसे पितृगण पुत्रांचे पालन करतात तसे सर्व शास्त्रात प्रवीण व उत्तम गुणयुक्त बुद्धीने प्रजेचे पालन करावे. याप्रमाणे श्रेष्ठ राज्याचे वर्धन करावे. ॥ ९ ॥