०२७

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘अनस्वन्ता’ इति षड़ृचं त्रयोदशं सूक्तम् । अत्रानुक्रमणिका – अनस्वन्ता षट् त्रैवृष्णपौरुकुत्स्यौ द्वौ त्र्यरुणत्रसदस्यू राजानौ भारतश्चाश्वमेधोऽन्त्यास्तिस्रोऽनुष्टुभो नात्मात्मने दद्यादिति सर्वास्वत्रिं केचिदन्त्यैन्द्राग्नी’ इति । त्रिवृष्णस्य पुत्रस्त्र्यरुणः पुरुकुत्सस्य पुत्रस्त्रसदस्युर्भरतस्य पुत्रोऽश्वमेध एते त्रयोऽपि राजानः संभूयास्य सूक्तस्य ऋषयः । यद्वा । अत्रिरेव ऋषिः । आद्यास्तिस्रस्त्रिष्टुभः चतुर्थ्याद्यास्तिस्रोऽनुष्टुभः । षष्ठीन्द्राग्निदेवत्या शिष्टाः पञ्चाग्नेय्यः । विनियोगो लैङ्गिकः ॥

Jamison Brereton

27 (381)
Agni
Kings Tryaruṇa Traivr̥ṣṇa, Trasadasyu Paurukutsya, and Aśvamedha Bhārata, or Atri Bhauma
6 verses: triṣṭubh 1–3, anuṣṭubh 4–6, arranged in trcas ̥
This hymn consists of two tr̥cas, so it is in its proper place according to its length. Nonetheless, Oldenberg (Noten and 1897) regards it as an addition to the original collection.
The hymn is a dānastuti addressed to allied patrons or kings. The Anukramaṇī names three patrons, but, as Oldenberg (1897) and Geldner suggest, Tryaruṇa might be a descendant of Trasadasyu and bear his name as an epithet (vs. 3). If so, then the hymn addresses two men, Tryaruṇa (vss. 1–3 in triṣṭubh) and Aśvamedha (vss. 4–6 in anuṣṭubh). In verse 4 Tryaruṇa commands Aśvamedha to reward the poet, but it remains unclear just how the two are related.
The translation and interpretation of the hymn become difficult especially at verse 3, which is open to a number of different constructions. We understand 3ab to mean that the sacrificer desires Agni’s favor for the poet’s hymn. Why he should desire this favor navamám “for the ninth time” is not stated, but there is a parallel in VIII.24.23, which calls on the poet to praise daśamám “a tenth time.” In both verses the numbers may simply indicate “many times.” Here in this hymn, however, it is likely that navamám, especially because it follows náviṣṭhāya “for the newest,” either means “anew” rather than “ninth” or puns on the two meanings. The “harnessed chariot,” with which Tryaruṇa welcomes the poet’s song in 3cd, may be a gift to the poet, or it may be the sacrifice itself, which elsewhere is represented as a chariot.
Verse 4 begins the second tr̥ca, a transition that is marked also by a change in meter. But in contrast to the clear segmentation of the hymn shown by the tr̥ca form and the meter, the syntax binds verse 4 with verse 3, since the opening relative clause is coordinate with the relative clause in 3cd. This may reproduce the relationship between Tryaruṇa and Aśvamedha, who are two individuals but who are in some manner bound to one another.

01 अनस्वन्ता सत्पतिर्मामहे - त्रिष्टुप्

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अन॑स्वन्ता॒ सत्प॑तिर्मामहे मे॒ गावा॒ चेति॑ष्ठो॒ असु॑रो म॒घोनः॑ ।
त्रै॒वृ॒ष्णो अ॑ग्ने द॒शभिः॑ स॒हस्रै॒र्वैश्वा॑नर॒ त्र्य॑रुणश्चिकेत ॥

02 यो मे - त्रिष्टुप्

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यो मे॑ श॒ता च॑ विंश॒तिं च॒ गोनां॒ हरी॑ च यु॒क्ता सु॒धुरा॒ ददा॑ति ।
वैश्वा॑नर॒ सुष्टु॑तो वावृधा॒नोऽग्ने॒ यच्छ॒ त्र्य॑रुणाय॒ शर्म॑ ॥

03 एवा ते - त्रिष्टुप्

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ए॒वा ते॑ अग्ने सुम॒तिं च॑का॒नो नवि॑ष्ठाय नव॒मं त्र॒सद॑स्युः ।
यो मे॒ गिर॑स्तुविजा॒तस्य॑ पू॒र्वीर्यु॒क्तेना॒भि त्र्य॑रुणो गृ॒णाति॑ ॥

04 यो म - अनुष्टुप्

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यो म॒ इति॑ प्र॒वोच॒त्यश्व॑मेधाय सू॒रये॑ ।
दद॑दृ॒चा स॒निं य॒ते दद॑न्मे॒धामृ॑ताय॒ते ॥

05 यस्य मा - अनुष्टुप्

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यस्य॑ मा परु॒षाः श॒तमु॑द्ध॒र्षय॑न्त्यु॒क्षणः॑ ।
अश्व॑मेधस्य॒ दानाः॒ सोमा॑ इव॒ त्र्या॑शिरः ॥

06 इन्द्राग्नी शतदाव्न्यश्वमेधे - अनुष्टुप्

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इन्द्रा॑ग्नी शत॒दाव्न्यश्व॑मेधे सु॒वीर्य॑म् ।
क्ष॒त्रं धा॑रयतं बृ॒हद्दि॒वि सूर्य॑मिवा॒जर॑म् ॥