०५६

• देवता - द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• ऋषिः - वामदेवो गौतमः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

मही᳓ द्या᳓वापृथिवी᳓ इह᳓ ज्ये᳓ष्ठे
रुचा᳓ भवतां शुच᳓यद्भिर् अर्कइः᳓
य᳓त् सीं व᳓रिष्ठे बृहती᳓ विमिन्व᳓न्
रुव᳓द् धोक्षा᳓ पप्रथाने᳓भिर् ए᳓वैः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ ← dyā́vāpr̥thivī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

ihá ← ihá (invariable)

jyéṣṭhe ← jyéṣṭha- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

mahī́ ← máh- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

arkaíḥ ← arká- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

bhavatām ← √bhū- (root)
{number:DU, person:3, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

rucā́ ← rúc- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

śucáyadbhiḥ ← √śuc- (root)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

br̥hatī́ ← br̥hánt- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:DU}

sīm ← sīm (invariable)

váriṣṭhe ← váriṣṭha- 2 (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:DU}

viminván ← √mi- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

yát ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

évaiḥ ← éva- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

ha ← ha (invariable)

paprathānébhiḥ ← √prathⁱ- (root)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRF, voice:MED}

ruvát ← √rū- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:INJ, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ukṣā́ ← ukṣán- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

म॒ही इति॑ । द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी इति॑ । इ॒ह । ज्येष्ठे॒ इति॑ । रु॒चा । भ॒व॒ता॒म् । शु॒चय॑त्ऽभिः । अ॒र्कैः ।
यत् । सी॒म् । वरि॑ष्ठे॒ इति॑ । बृ॒ह॒ती इति॑ । वि॒ऽमि॒न्वन् । रु॒वत् । ह॒ । उ॒क्षा । प॒प्र॒था॒नेभिः॑ । एवैः॑ ॥

• mahī ← mahi
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “great; firm.”

• dyāvāpṛthivī
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “heaven and earth; dyāvāpṛthivī [word].”

• iha
• [adverb]
• “here; now; in this world; now; below; there; here; just.”

• jyeṣṭhe ← jyeṣṭha
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “firstborn; best; first; excellent; highest; jyeṣṭha [word].”

• rucā ← ruc
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “beam; radiance; color.”

• bhavatāṃ ← bhavatām ← bhū
• [verb], dual, Present imperative
• “become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

• śucayadbhir ← śucayadbhiḥ ← śocay ← √śuc
• [verb noun], instrumental, plural
• “distress; afflict; burn.”

• arkaiḥ ← arka
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sun; copper; Surya; hymn; twelve; fire; beam.”

• yat
• [adverb]
• “once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

• sīṃ ← sīm
• [adverb]

• variṣṭhe ← variṣṭha
• [noun], accusative, dual, neuter
• “best; preferable.”

• bṛhatī ← bṛhat
• [noun], accusative, dual, neuter
• “large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

• viminvan ← vimi ← √mi
• [verb noun], nominative, singular

• ruvaddhokṣā ← ruvat ← ru
• [verb], singular, Present injunctive
• “bellow; howl.”

• ruvaddhokṣā ← ha
• [adverb]
• “indeed; ha [word].”

• ruvaddhokṣā ← ukṣā ← ukṣan
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “bull; ukṣan [word].”

• paprathānebhir ← paprathānebhiḥ ← prath
• [verb noun], instrumental, plural
• “be known; expand; expand; boom.”

• evaiḥ ← eva
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “eva [word]; habit; manner; behavior; custom.”

इह यज्ञे मही महत्यौ ज्येष्ठे प्रशस्ये द्यावापृथिवी द्यावापृथिव्यौ रुचाः दीप्त्या युक्ते शुचयद्भिः दीपयद्भिः अर्कैः मन्त्रैः सोमादिहविर्भिर्वा युक्ते भवताम् । यत् यस्मात् सीं सर्वतः वरिष्ठे उरुतरे बृहती महत्यौ द्यावापृथिव्यौ विमिन्वन् परिच्छिन्दन् स्थापयन् उक्षा सेक्ता पर्जन्यः पप्रथानेभिः प्रथमानैः एवैः गमनशीलैर्मरुद्भिर्मेघैर्वा सह रुवत् रौति शब्दं करोति । ह इति पूरणः । तस्माद्रुचा भवतामिति संबन्धः ॥

English translation:

“Vast and most excellent Heaven and Earth, be present with splendour at this (sacrifice, attracted) by sanctifying hymns; since that the showerer sounds everywhere with (his) heralds, the rapid (winds), passing through the two spacious and mighty (regions).”

Let great Heaven and Earth, the preeminent ones, come to be here with their light, with their gleaming rays [/at our gleaming chants],
when, fixing the two lofty ones apart as the widest, the bull bellows to them along the ways that spread broadly.

As often, árka- can be a pun, both ‘ray’ and ‘chant’.

As Geldner (and others) suggest, the bull in d is probably Agni (/Sun), who every morning recreates the two worlds in their separation with his light.

MAY mighty Heaven and Earth, most meet for honour, be present here with light and gleaming splendours;
When, fixing them apart, vast, most extensive, the Steer roars loudly in far-reaching courses.

Himmel und Erde, die beiden Großen, die Obersten, sollen hier mit Erleuchtung sein, mit flammenden Preisliedern, wenn der Stier, der die weiten hohen aufbaut, mit sich ausbreitender Schnelligkeit brüllt.

Die beiden grossen Erd’ und Himmel waren die schönsten hier an Glanz und lichten Strahlen; Als sie erbauten beide grosse Welten, da brüllte laut der Stier auf weiten Gängen.

Двое великих – Небо и Земля, самых главных
Да будут (прославлены) здесь с (их) великолепием в блистательных песнях,
Когда бык, воздвигающий две широчайшие, высокие (глыбы),
Ревет, распространяясь в движении.

• द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• वामदेवो गौतमः
• त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

• देवता - द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• ऋषिः - वामदेवो गौतमः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

देवी᳓ देवे᳓भिर् यजते᳓ य᳓जत्रैर्
अ᳓मिनती तस्थतुर् उक्ष᳓माणे
ऋता᳓वरी अद्रु᳓हा देव᳓पुत्रे
यज्ञ᳓स्य नेत्री᳓ शुच᳓यद्भिर् अर्कइः᳓

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
devébhiḥ ← devá- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

devī́ ← devī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

yajaté ← yajatá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

yájatraiḥ ← yájatra- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

áminatī ← áminant- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

tasthatuḥ ← √sthā- (root)
{number:DU, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

ukṣámāṇe ← √ukṣ- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

adrúhā ← adrúh- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

deváputre ← deváputra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

r̥tā́varī ← ŕ̥tāvan- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

arkaíḥ ← arká- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

netrī́ ← netrī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

śucáyadbhiḥ ← √śuc- (root)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

yajñásya ← yajñá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

दे॒वी इति॑ । दे॒वेभिः॑ । य॒ज॒ते इति॑ । यज॑त्रैः । अमि॑नती॒ इति॑ । त॒स्थ॒तुः॒ । उ॒क्षमा॑णे॒ इति॑ ।
ऋ॒तव॑री॒ इत्यृ॒तऽव॑री । अ॒द्रुहा॑ । दे॒वपु॑त्रे॒ इति॑ दे॒वऽपु॑त्रे । य॒ज्ञस्य॑ । ने॒त्री इति॑ । शु॒चय॑त्ऽभिः । अ॒र्कैः ॥

• devī
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “Parvati; queen; goddess; Devi.”

• devebhir ← devebhiḥ ← deva
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• yajate ← yajata
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “holy; august; sacrificial.”

• yajatrair ← yajatraiḥ ← yajatra
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “adorable.”

• aminatī ← a
• [adverb]
• “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

• aminatī ← minatī ← mī
• [verb noun], nominative, dual
• “transgress; damage.”

• tasthatur ← tasthatuḥ ← sthā
• [verb], dual, Perfect indicative
• “stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”

• ukṣamāṇe ← vakṣ
• [verb noun], nominative, dual
• “grow; grow.”

• ṛtāvarī ← ṛtāvan
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “law-abiding; faithful; righteous.”

• adruhā ← adruh
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “friendly; benign.”

• devaputre ← deva
• [noun], masculine
• “Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

• devaputre ← putre ← putra
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”

• yajñasya ← yajña
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

• netrī
• [noun], nominative, dual, feminine
• “leader; river.”

• śucayadbhir ← śucayadbhiḥ ← śocay ← √śuc
• [verb noun], instrumental, plural
• “distress; afflict; burn.”

• arkaiḥ ← arka
• [noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
• “Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sun; copper; Surya; hymn; twelve; fire; beam.”

देवी देव्यौ यजते यष्टव्ये अमिनती प्रजा अहिंसत्यौ उक्षमाणे सिञ्चत्यौ ऋतावरी ऋतवत्यौ अद्रुहा अद्रोग्ध्र्यौ द्रोहमकुर्वत्यौ देवपुत्रे देवोत्पादिक्यौ यज्ञस्य नेत्री निर्वाहयित्र्यौ द्यावापृथिव्यौ देवेभिः देवैः यजत्रैः यष्टव्यैः सहिते शुचयद्भिः शोचयद्भिः अर्कैः मन्त्रैः हविर्भिर्वा युक्ते तस्थतुः तिष्ठतः स्यातामित्यर्थः ॥

English translation:

“May the divine, adorable, benevolent, fertilizing, truthful, unoppressive Heaven and Earth, the leaders of sacrifice, whose sons are the gods, be present with the adorable gods, (attracted) by sanctifying hymns.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Divine, adorable: the epithets are: devī yajate aminati ukṣamane, ṛtāvarī adruhā deva putre yajñasya netrī = lit. the shining, or, divine, objects of worship, unharming, sprinkling (rain, and therefore fertilizing), possessing truth, or water, or sacrifice, not oppressing or violent, having gods for sons, leaders of invesigators, or subjects of sacrifice

The two goddesses deserving the sacrifice, along with the gods
deserving the sacrifice—they stay, not confounding (the heavenly
commandments) [/not altering (their color)], growing strong
[/dripping (ghee)],
truthful, without deceit, the two whose children are the gods, the
two leaders of the sacrifice with its gleaming chants [/with their
gleaming rays].

This vs. contains several puns, including a repetition of śucáyadbhir árkaiḥ from 1d. The final word of the 1st hemistich ukṣámāṇe can belong either to √ukṣ ‘sprinkle’ or to √vakṣ ‘grow’, and both are appropriate. And the preceding negated participle áminatī can take different objects and utilize different senses of the root √mī. On the one hand, as Renou (and others) point out, the other occurrence of áminatī (I.92.12=124.2) takes daívyāni vratā́ni “heavenly commandments” as object.

However, cf. nearby ámīta-varṇa- ‘of immutable color’ (IV.51.9), which supports Geldner’s “ohne (ihr Aussehen) zu verändern.”

The Goddesses with Gods, holy with holy, the Two stand pouring out their rain, exhaustless:
Faithful and guileless, having Gods for children, leaders of sacrifice with shining splendours.

Die beiden opferwürdigen Göttinnen mit den opferwürdigen Göttern stehen ohne ihr Aussehen zu verändern da, Schmalz träufend, die gesetzestreuen, truglosen Göttereltern, die das Opfer mit den flammenden Preisliedern leiten.

Die beiden heil’gen mit den heil’gen Göttern, die Welten standen unversehrt, erhaben, Wahrhaftig ohne Falsch, die Götterältern, das Opfer leitend mit den hellen Strahlen.

Две богини, достойные жертв, вместе с богами, достойными жертв,
Не нарушая (вселенского закона), стоят, истекая (жиром),
Преданные закону, не терпящие обмана, имеющие богов сыновьями,
Руководительницы жертвоприношения, сопровождаемые блистательными песнями.

• द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• वामदेवो गौतमः
• त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

• देवता - द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• ऋषिः - वामदेवो गौतमः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

स᳓ इ᳓त् सुअ᳓पा भु᳓वनेषु आस
य᳓ इमे᳓ द्या᳓वापृथिवी᳓ जजा᳓न
उर्वी᳓ गभीरे᳓ र᳓जसी सुमे᳓के
अवंशे᳓ धी᳓रः श᳓चिया स᳓म् ऐरत्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M;; repeated line
genre M

Morph
āsa ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

bhúvaneṣu ← bhúvana- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:PL}

ít ← ít (invariable)

sáḥ ← sá- ~ tá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

svápāḥ ← svápas- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

dyā́vāpr̥thivī́ ← dyā́vāpr̥thivī́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:DU}

imé ← ayám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:DU}

jajā́na ← √janⁱ- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

yáḥ ← yá- (pronoun)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

gabhīré ← gabhīrá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:DU}

rájasī ← rájas- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:DU}

suméke ← suméka- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:DU}

urvī́ ← urú- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:N, number:DU}

airat ← √īr- (root)
{number:SG, person:3, mood:IND, tense:AOR, voice:ACT}

avaṁśé ← avaṁśá- (nominal stem)
{case:LOC, gender:N, number:SG}

dhī́raḥ ← dhī́ra- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:SG}

śácyā ← śácī- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

sám ← sám (invariable)

सः । इत् । सु॒ऽअपाः॑ । भुव॑नेषु । आ॒स॒ । यः । इ॒मे इति॑ । द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी इति॑ । ज॒जान॑ ।
उ॒र्वी इति॑ । ग॒भी॒रे इति॑ । रज॑सी॒ इति॑ । सु॒मेके॒ इति॑ सु॒ऽमेके॑ । अ॒वं॒शे । धीरः॑ । शच्या॑ । सम् । ऐ॒र॒त् ॥

• sa ← saḥ ← tad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

• it ← id
• [adverb]
• “indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

• svapā ← su
• [adverb]
• “very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

• svapā ← apāḥ ← apas
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “work; deed.”

• bhuvaneṣv ← bhuvaneṣu ← bhuvana
• [noun], locative, plural, neuter
• “Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”

• āsa ← as
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• ya ← yaḥ ← yad
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “who; which; yat [pronoun].”

• ime ← idam
• [noun], accusative, dual, feminine
• “this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

• dyāvāpṛthivī
• [noun], accusative, dual, feminine
• “heaven and earth; dyāvāpṛthivī [word].”

• jajāna ← jan
• [verb], singular, Perfect indicative
• “become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”

• urvī ← uru
• [noun], accusative, dual, neuter
• “wide; broad; great; uru [word]; much(a); excellent.”

• gabhīre ← gabhīra
• [noun], accusative, dual, neuter
• “deep; profound; immeasurable; unfathomable; unfathomable; mysterious; deep; countless.”

• rajasī ← rajas
• [noun], accusative, dual, neuter
• “powder; menorrhea; dust; Rajas; atmosphere; rajas; pollen; passion; rajas [word]; sindūra; rust; tin; impurity; dark; sky.”

• sumeke ← sumeka
• [noun], accusative, dual, neuter
• “fast; fixed.”

• avaṃśe ← a
• [adverb]
• “not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

• avaṃśe ← vaṃśe ← vaṃśa
• [noun], accusative, dual, neuter
• “dynasty; bamboo; lineage; genealogy; family; vaṃśa [word]; Sal tree; batch; bridge; beam.”

• dhīraḥ ← dhīra
• [noun], nominative, singular, masculine
• “expert; wise; intelligent; versed; adept.”

• śacyā ← śacī
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “Śacī; power; dexterity; ability; aid.”

• sam
• [adverb]
• “sam; together; together; saṃ.”

• airat ← īr
• [verb], singular, Imperfect
• “go.”

स इत् स एव स्वपाः शोभनकर्मा सन् भुवनेषु आस आस्ते । य इमे द्यावापृथिवी द्यावापृथिव्यौ जजान उत्पादितवान् । यश्च प्रजापतिः उर्वी उर्व्यौ विस्तीर्णे गभीरे अविचले सुमेके शोभनरूपे अवंशे उत्पत्तिरहिते अनाधारे वान्तरिक्षे धीरः धीमान् शच्या कुशलकर्मणा समैरत् सम्यक् प्रेरितवान् । स एव स्वपा इति ॥

English translation:

“Verily he was the doer of a good work in the regions, who genitive rated these two, Heaven and Earth, and firm of purpose, gave an impulse by his deed to the two vast immoveable, beautiful, unsupported worlds.”

He certainly was the good artisan among the creatures who begot these two, Heaven and Earth:
the two wide, deep, well-fixed realms did the wise one fit together in
propless (space) with his skill.

Sure in the worlds he was a skilful Craftsman, he who produced these Twain the Earth and Heaven.
Wise, with his power he brought both realms, together spacious and deep, wellfashioned, unsupported.

Der war unter den Wesen ein Künstler, der diesen beiden, Himmel und Erde erzeugt hat. Die weiten, tiefen, festgegründeten Welten fügte der Meister in dem balkenlosen Raume mit Kunst zusammen.

Der war fürwahr ein Künstler unter Göttern, der diese beiden, Erd’ und Himmel, zeugte; Im Balkenlosen schuf der Weise kräftig die beiden weiten, tiefen, reichen Räume.

Тот был мастером среди существ,
Кто породил эти Небо и Землю.
Два широких, глубоких пространства, хорошо установленных.
Силой воздвиг мудрый (в том месте), где нет опоры.

• द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• वामदेवो गौतमः
• भुरिक्पङ्क्ति
• पञ्चमः

• देवता - द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• ऋषिः - वामदेवो गौतमः
• छन्दः - त्रिष्टुप्

नू᳓ रोदसी बृह᳓द्भिर् नो व᳓रूथैः
प᳓त्नीवद्भिर् इष᳓यन्ती सजो᳓षाः
उरूची᳓ वि᳓श्वे यजते᳓ नि᳓ पातं
धिया᳓ सियाम रथि᳓यः सदासाः᳓

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M
genre M;; repeated line

Morph
br̥hádbhiḥ ← br̥hánt- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:PL}

naḥ ← ahám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:PL}

nú ← nú (invariable)

rodasī ← ródasī- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:F, number:DU}

várūthaiḥ ← várūtha- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:N, number:PL}

iṣáyantī ← √iṣ- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

pátnīvadbhiḥ ← pátnīvant- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:PL}

sajóṣāḥ ← sajóṣa- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:PL}

ní ← ní (invariable)

pātam ← √pā- 1 (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IMP, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

urūcī́ ← uruvyáñc- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

víśve ← víśva- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

yajaté ← yajatá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

dhiyā́ ← dhī́- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:F, number:SG}

rathyàḥ ← rathī́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

sadāsā́ḥ ← sadāsā́- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:M, number:PL}

syāma ← √as- 1 (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:OPT, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

नु । रो॒द॒सी॒ इति॑ । बृ॒हत्ऽभिः॑ । नः॒ । वरू॑थैः । पत्नी॑वत्ऽभिः । इ॒षय॑न्ती॒ इति॑ । स॒ऽजोषाः॑ ।
उ॒रू॒ची इति॑ । विश्वे॒ इति॑ । य॒ज॒तेे इति॑ । नि । पा॒त॒म् । धि॒या । स्या॒म॒ । र॒थ्यः॑ । स॒दा॒ऽसाः ॥

• nū ← nu
• [adverb]
• “now; already.”

• rodasī ← rodas
• [noun], nominative, dual, neuter
• “heaven and earth; Earth.”

• bṛhadbhir ← bṛhadbhiḥ ← bṛhat
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
• “large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

• no ← naḥ ← mad
• [noun], accusative, plural
• “I; mine.”

• varūthaiḥ ← varūtha
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
• “defense; protective covering.”

• patnīvadbhir ← patnīvadbhiḥ ← patnīvat
• [noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

• iṣayantī ← iṣay ← √iṣ
• [verb noun], nominative, dual

• sajoṣāḥ ← sajoṣas
• [noun], nominative, singular, feminine
• “consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”

• urūcī ← uruvyañc
• [noun], nominative, dual, neuter
• “extensive; wide.”

• viśve ← viśva
• [noun], nominative, dual, neuter
• “all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

• yajate ← yajata
• [noun], nominative, dual, neuter
• “holy; august; sacrificial.”

• ni
• [adverb]
• “back; down.”

• pātaṃ ← pātam ← pā
• [verb], dual, Aorist imperative
• “drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

• dhiyā ← dhī
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”

• syāma ← as
• [verb], plural, Present optative
• “be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

• rathyaḥ ← rathī
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine

• sadāsāḥ ← sadāsā
• [noun], nominative, plural, masculine
• “triumphant.”

हे रोदसी द्यावापृथिव्यौ नु क्षिप्रं पत्नीवद्भिः पत्नीसहितैः बृहद्भिः महद्भिः वरूथैः गृहैर्धनैर्वा सह इषयन्ती अस्माकमन्नमिच्छन्त्यौ सजोषाः परस्परं संगते उरूची उर्वञ्चने विश्वे व्याप्ते यजते यष्टव्ये सत्यौ नः अस्मान् नि पातं नितरां रक्षतम् । धियेत्यादि गतम् ॥

English translation:

“May Heaven and Earth, vast, universal, adorable, united in satisfaction and disposed to give us food, protect us with our spacious dwelings, inhabited by our wives, and may we for our (pious) acts be possessed of chariots and slaves.”

Now, you two World-Halves, with your lofty defenses, nurturing us in concert with (the gods) accompanied by their wives,
protect us, o you of wide extent, who entirely deserve the sacrifice.
Through our insightful thought may we be charioteers who
always win.

O Heaven and Earth, with one accord promoting, with high protection as of Queens, our welfare,
Far-reaching, universal, holy, guard us. May we, car-borne, through song be victors ever.

Nun schützet uns, ihr beiden Welten, im Verein mit den hohen Schutzmächten samt ihren Frauen uns labend, die ihr umfangreich und alle beide opferwürdig seid! Wir möchten durch die Dichtung immergewinnende Wagenfahrer sein.

Nun schützt, o Welten, uns mit mächt’gen Wehren, vereint mit Göttern und Göttinnen segnend, Ihr weitgedehnten beid’ anbetungswürdig, durch Andacht sei’n wir Kämpfer, immer siegend.

О две половины вселенной, защитите нас высокими защитами.
Единодушные (с богами, сопровождаемыми) женами, подкрепляющие.
Все (такие) огромные, достойные жертв!
Пусть станем мы благодаря молитве всегда побеждающими колесничими!

• द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• वामदेवो गौतमः
• विराट्त्रिष्टुप्
• धैवतः

• देवता - द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• ऋषिः - वामदेवो गौतमः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

प्र᳓ वाम् म᳓हि द्य᳓वी अभि᳓
उ᳓पस्तुतिम् भरामहे
शु᳓ची उ᳓प प्र᳓शस्तये

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
abhí ← abhí (invariable)

dyávī ← dyú- ~ div- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:F, number:DU}

máhi ← máh- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

prá ← prá (invariable)

vām ← tvám (pronoun)
{case:ACC, number:DU}

bharāmahe ← √bhr̥- (root)
{number:PL, person:1, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

úpastutim ← úpastuti- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:SG}

práśastaye ← práśasti- (nominal stem)
{case:DAT, gender:F, number:SG}

śúcī ← śúci- (nominal stem)
{case:VOC, gender:F, number:DU}

úpa ← úpa (invariable)

प्र । वा॒म् । महि॑ । द्यवी॒ इति॑ । अ॒भि । उप॑ऽस्तुतिम् । भ॒रा॒म॒हे॒ ।
शुची॒ इति॑ । उप॑ । प्रऽश॑स्तये ॥

• pra
• [adverb]
• “towards; ahead.”

• vām ← tvad
• [noun], accusative, dual
• “you.”

• mahi ← mah
• [noun], accusative, plural, neuter
• “great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

• dyavī ← _ ← √_
• [?]
• “_”

• abhy ← abhī ← abhi
• [adverb]
• “towards; on.”

• upastutim ← upastuti
• [noun], accusative, singular, feminine
• “praise; applause.”

• bharāmahe ← bhṛ
• [verb], plural, Present indikative
• “bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

• śucī ← śuci
• [noun], accusative, dual, feminine
• “clean; clean; pure; bright; clear; honest; śuci [word]; clear; impeccant.”

• upa
• [adverb]
• “towards; on; next.”

• praśastaye ← praśasti
• [noun], dative, singular, feminine
• “announcement; praise; respect.”

हे द्यावापृथिव्यौ द्यवी द्योतमाने वां युवाभ्याम् उपस्तुतिं स्तोत्रं महि महत् प्रभूतम् अभि प्र भरामहे प्रकर्षेण संपादयामः । शुची शुद्धे युवां प्रशस्तये प्रशंसितुम् उप । उपसर्गश्रुतेरुचितक्रियाध्याहारः । उप गच्छाम इति शेषः ॥

English translation:

“We offer earnest praise you both resplendent (Heaven and Earth); we approach you who are pure to offer adoration.”

We present to you two, great (Earth and) Heaven, a praise-invocation to be proclaimed to you two gleaming ones.

The phrase máhi dyávī is very problematic morphologically. It echoes the first two words of the hymn: mahī́dyā́vāpṛthivī “great Heaven and Earth,” but in a very refracted form. I do not have a solution for how it came to take the form it has (for various suggestions, see Oldenberg and the standard tr., as well as lit. cit. therein, e.g.

AiG III.52, 226). I can get a certain distance, quite speculatively, but no further. I tentatively suggest that we start with an alternative dual dvandva *dyā́vā-mahī́, with mahī́‘the great (fem.)’ substituting for ‘earth’. I then suggest that something like a Vāyav Indraś ca construction was created to it, with the 2nd member properly providing the first term of the construction (see my “Vāyav Indraś ca Revisited”).

The proper voc. sg. of mahī́- would be máhi (which is indeed attested, though without accent [and not qualifying earth]). In this context it shouldn’t have an accent, but that’s the least of our problems. Unfortunately that’s as far as I can get. We should expect, per my suggestion, the 2nd part of the construction to contain *dyaúś ca, and that’s about as far from dyávī as one can be and still belong to the same stem.

I can spin a line of analogies: dyávī is a rough-and-ready nominative sg., built from a full-grade form of the stem found in dyā́vā (found in loc. sg. dyávi) and the fem. -ī.

But I can’t imagine why anyone would create such a form, particularly to a stem so well known to every RVic poet. If it participated in a phonetic or semantic figure, there might be motivation but I see none.

To both of you, O Heaven and Earth, we bring our lofty song of praise,
Pure Ones! to glorify you both.

Wir tragen euch beiden, dem großen Himmel und der Erde das Preislied vor; wir besingen die lauteren zum Ruhme.

Euch Erd’ und Himmel bringen wir entgegen unsern Preisgesang, Euch reinen zur Verherrlichung.

Вам двоим, о великие Небо и Земля,
Мы приносим хвалебную песнь,
О чистые, для прославления.

• द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• वामदेवो गौतमः
• निचृद्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• ऋषिः - वामदेवो गौतमः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

पुनाने᳓ तनु᳓वा मिथः᳓
स्वे᳓न द᳓क्षेण राजथः
ऊहिया᳓थे सना᳓द् ऋत᳓म्

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
mithás ← mithás (invariable)

punāné ← √pū- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

tanvā̀ ← tanū́- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:F, number:DU}

dákṣeṇa ← dákṣa- (nominal stem)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}

rājathaḥ ← √rāj- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

svéna ← svá- (pronoun)
{case:INS, gender:M, number:SG}

r̥tám ← r̥tá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

sanā́t ← sanā́t (invariable)

ūhyā́the ← √vāh- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:MED}

पु॒ना॒ने इति॑ । त॒न्वा॑ । मि॒थः । स्वेन॑ । दक्षे॑ण । रा॒ज॒थः॒ ।
ऊ॒ह्याथे॒ इति॑ । स॒नात् । ऋ॒तम् ॥

• punāne ← pū
• [verb noun], nominative, dual
• “purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

• tanvā ← tanū
• [noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
• “body; self; own(a); person; form.”

• mithaḥ ← mithas
• [adverb]
• “together; mutually; alternately.”

• svena ← sva
• [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
• “own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”

• dakṣeṇa ← dakṣa
• [noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
• “Dakṣa; ability; cock; fitness; will; purpose; disposition; cock.”

• rājathaḥ ← rāj
• [verb], dual, Present indikative
• “govern; shine; glitter; direct.”

• ūhyāthe ← ūh
• [verb], dual, Perfect indicative
• “diagnose.”

• sanād ← sanāt
• [adverb]

• ṛtam ← ṛta
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

हे देव्यौ तन्वा स्वकीयया मूर्त्या स्वेन दक्षेण बलेन च मिथः प्रत्येकं पुनाने शोधयन्त्यौ यज्ञं यजमानं वा युवां राजथः । यद्वा । तन्वा स्वस्वशरीरैकदेशेन मिथः परस्परं पुनाने शोधयन्त्यौ । द्यौः स्वीयेनासारेण भुवं सा च स्वकीयेन कार्ष्ण्येन चन्द्रमसि स्थितेन दिवम् इति विवेकः । सनात् सदाकालम् ऋतं यज्ञम् ऊह्याथे वहथः ॥

English translation:

“Mutually sanctifying (each other) of your own substance you shine by your own power, and ever beat away the offering.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Mutually sanctifying each other: punāne tanvā mithaḥ: this may apply to the worship or the worshipper, purifying them severally by each individual form, svakīyāya murtyā śodhayantau yajñam yajamānam vā; or, this may apply to the regions, heaven and earth, the former purifying or fertilizing the latteer by rain, the latter supporting the former by cultivation: dyauḥ svakīyena sthitena divam, by that which is in the sky or the moon

Purifying your own bodies mutually, you two rule each through your own skill.
You have constantly conveyed the truth from of old.

In ab mitháḥ ‘mutually’ and svéna dákṣeṇa ‘by your own skill’ seem implicitly to contrast.

On ūhyā́the see Oldenberg and more recently Kümmel (489-90) and Hoffmann (Aufs. III.776).

Ye sanctify each other’s form, by your own proper might ye rule,
And from of old observe the Law.

Wechselseitig euch selbst reinigend herrscht ihr aus eigner Kraft; seit Alters führet ihr das Gesetz mit euch.

Euch selbst einander reinigend, gebietet ihr durch eigne Kraft; Beachtet stets das heil’ge Recht.

Очищая друг друга сами собой,
Вы царствуете благодаря своей силе действия.
От века вы соблюдаете закон.

• द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• वामदेवो गौतमः
• विराड्गायत्री
• षड्जः

• देवता - द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• ऋषिः - वामदेवो गौतमः
• छन्दः - गायत्री

मही᳓ मित्र᳓स्य साधथस्
त᳓रन्ती पि᳓प्रती ऋत᳓म्
प᳓रि यज्ञं᳓ नि᳓ षेदथुः

Strata
Normal

Pāda-label
genre M
genre M
genre M

Morph
mahī́ ← máh- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU}

mitrásya ← mitrá- (nominal stem)
{case:GEN, gender:M, number:SG}

sādhathaḥ ← √sādh- ~ sidh- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

pípratī ← √pr̥- (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

r̥tám ← r̥tá- (nominal stem)
{case:NOM, gender:N, number:SG}

tárantī ← √tr̥̄- 1 (root)
{case:NOM, gender:F, number:DU, tense:PRS, voice:ACT}

ní ← ní (invariable)

pári ← pári (invariable)

sedathuḥ ← √sad- (root)
{number:DU, person:2, mood:IND, tense:PRF, voice:ACT}

yajñám ← yajñá- (nominal stem)
{case:ACC, gender:M, number:SG}

म॒ही इति॑ । मि॒त्रस्य॑ । सा॒ध॒थः॒ । तर॑न्ती॒ इति॑ । पिप्र॑ती॒ इति॑ । ऋ॒तम् ।
परि॑ । य॒ज्ञम् । नि । से॒द॒थुः॒ ॥

• mahī ← mah
• [noun], nominative, dual, neuter
• “great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

• mitrasya ← mitra
• [noun], genitive, singular, masculine
• “friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”

• sādhathas ← sādhathaḥ ← sādh
• [verb], dual, Present indikative
• “promote; succeed.”

• tarantī ← tṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, dual
• “traverse; overcome; float; rescue; reach; satisfy.”

• pipratī ← pṛ
• [verb noun], nominative, dual
• “protect; promote; rescue; help.”

• ṛtam ← ṛta
• [noun], accusative, singular, neuter
• “truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

• pari
• [adverb]
• “from; about; around.”

• yajñaṃ ← yajñam ← yajña
• [noun], accusative, singular, masculine
• “yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

• ni
• [adverb]
• “back; down.”

• ṣedathuḥ ← sedathuḥ ← sad
• [verb], dual, Perfect indicative
• “sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

मही महत्यौ द्यावापृथिव्यौ मित्रस्य मित्रभूतस्य स्तोतुरभिमतं साधथः । ऋतम् अन्नं तरन्ती तारयन्त्यौ पिप्रती पूरयन्त्यौ यज्ञं परि परितः नि षेदथुः आश्रयथः ॥ ॥ ८ ॥

English translation:

“Mighty (Heaven and Earth), you fulfil the desires of your friend; distributing food and giving sustenance you have sat down at the sacrifice.”

You two great ones assure it success, as you further and fulfill the truth of Mitra.
You have stationed yourself around the sacrifice.

Furthering and fulfilling, ye, O Mighty, perfect Mitra’s Law.
Ye sit around our sacrifice.

Als die Großen führet ihr das Gesetz des Mitra aus, indem ihr es weiter bringt und fördert. Ihr habe euch rings um das Opfer gesetzt.

Ihr grossen, die ihr helfend schützt, ihr führt zum Ziel des Mitra Werk; Ums Opfer liesst ihr nieder euch.

Двое великих, вы направляете закон
Митры, преодолевая (препятствия), исполняя (его).
Вы (всегда) усаживались вокруг жертвы.

• द्यावापृथिव्यौ
• वामदेवो गौतमः
• गायत्री
• षड्जः