०१५

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘वि पाजसा पृथुना’ इति सप्तर्चं तृतीयं सूक्तं कतगोत्रोत्पन्नोत्कीलस्यार्षं त्रैष्टुभमाग्नेयम् । अत्र इयमनुक्रमणिका-वि पाजसा कात्य उत्कीलस्तु ’ इति । कतगोत्रोत्पन्न उत्कीलो नाम ऋषिः । प्रातरनुवाकाश्विनशस्त्रयोः ‘ आहोता’ इत्यादिसूक्तदशकं विनियुक्तं तत्रेदं च द्वितीयं सूक्तम् ।।

Jamison Brereton

15 (249)
Agni
Utkīla Kātya
7 verses: triṣṭubh
This and the next hymn are attributed to Utkīla Kātya, the grandson of Viśvāmitra. The hymn describes the morning fire, who is the protector and guide of the sacri ficers. Some of the language in the hymn is evocative of Indra, although Indra is never mentioned. A possible oblique reference to Indra, however, might help us understand verse 4, the central and most puzzling verse in the hymn. There Agni is invoked as an “invincible bull” who conquers fortresses, a description that strongly evokes Indra, since it is Indra (or twice Soma acting as Indra) who is áṣāḷha “invin cible,” and it is Indra who characteristically breaks open fortresses. This overlay of the image of Indra onto Agni may explain some of the complications in the second half of the verse. In cd Agni is surely the “leader of the sacrifice,” but then who is the pāyú, the “protector” whom he also leads? If he is the leader of the sacrifice, Agni himself should be its protector as well. For this reason Oldenberg suggested emending the text so that “protector” is a subject parallel to “leader.” But if we accept the text as transmitted and translate “leader of its protector” rather than “leader and protector,” could Agni lead Agni? Possibly he could, if the first Agni were the priest Agni and the second were Agni as the embodiment of Indra, as sug
gested in the first half of the verse. Or the poet may also be punning on pāyú, which

means “protector” here as elsewhere (cf. VII.37.8), but which formally and sec ondarily—though only secondarily—could be derived from √pā “drink” and mean “drinker,” a natural description of soma-drinking Indra. In short, the appearance of Agni could be or could mark the appearance of Indra.

01 वि पाजसा - त्रिष्टुप्

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वि᳓ पा᳓जसा पृथु᳓ना शो᳓शुचानो
बा᳓धस्व द्विषो᳓ रक्ष᳓सो अ᳓मीवाः
सुश᳓र्मणो बृहतः᳓ श᳓र्मणि स्याम्
अग्ने᳓र् अहं᳓ सुह᳓वस्य प्र᳓णीतौ

02 त्वं नो - त्रिष्टुप्

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तुवं᳓ नो अस्या᳓ उष᳓सो वि᳓उष्टौ
तुवं᳓ सू᳓र उ᳓दिते बोधि गोपाः᳓
ज᳓न्मेव नि᳓त्यं त᳓नयं जुषस्व
स्तो᳓मम् मे अग्ने तनु᳓वा सुजात

03 त्वं नृचक्षा - त्रिष्टुप्

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तुवं᳓ नृच᳓क्षा वृषभा᳓नु पूर्वीः᳓
कृष्णा᳓सु अग्ने अरुषो᳓ वि᳓ भाहि
व᳓सो ने᳓षि च प᳓र्षि चा᳓ति अं᳓हः
कृधी᳓ नो राय᳓ उशि᳓जो यविष्ठ

04 अषाळ्हो अग्ने - त्रिष्टुप्

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अ᳓षाळ्हो अग्ने वृषभो᳓ दिदीहि
पु᳓रो वि᳓श्वाः सउ᳓भगा संजिगीवा᳓न्
यज्ञ᳓स्य नेता᳓ प्रथम᳓स्य पायो᳓र्
जा᳓तवेदो बृहतः᳓ सुप्रणीते

05 अच्छिद्रा शर्म - त्रिष्टुप्

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अ᳓छिद्रा श᳓र्म जरितः पुरू᳓णि
देवाँ᳓ अ᳓छा दी᳓दियानः सुमेधाः᳓
र᳓थो न᳓ स᳓स्निर् अभि᳓ वक्षि वा᳓जम्
अ᳓ग्ने तुवं᳓ रो᳓दसी नः सुमे᳓के

06 प्र पीपय - त्रिष्टुप्

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प्र᳓ पीपय वृषभ जि᳓न्व वा᳓जान्
अ᳓ग्ने तुवं᳓ रो᳓दसी नः सुदो᳓घे
देवे᳓भिर् देव सुरु᳓चा रुचानो᳓
मा᳓ नो म᳓र्तस्य दुर्मतिः᳓ प᳓रि ष्ठात्

07 इळामग्ने पुरुदंसम् - त्रिष्टुप्

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इ᳓ळाम् अग्ने पुरुदं᳓सं सनिं᳓ गोः᳓
शश्वत्तमं᳓ ह᳓वमानाय साध
सिया᳓न् नः सूनु᳓स् त᳓नयो विजा᳓वा
अ᳓ग्ने सा᳓ ते सुमति᳓र् भूतु अस्मे᳓