१५९

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘प्र द्यावा’ इति पञ्चर्चं तृतीयं सूक्तं दैर्घतमसं जागतं द्यावापृथिव्यम् । अनुक्रान्तं च - ‘ प्र द्यावा पञ्च द्यावापृथिव्यं तु जागतं तु’ इति ॥ अग्निष्टोमे पृष्ठ्यस्य षष्ठेऽहनि च द्यावापृथिव्यनिविद्धानमेतत् सूक्तम् । तथा च सूत्रं - प्र द्यावेति दैर्घतमसम्’ (आश्व. श्रौ. ५. १८) इति ॥ आद्या द्यावापृथिव्ये पशौ हविषो याज्या । तथा च सूत्रितं - प्र द्यावा यज्ञैः पृथिवी ऋतावृधा मृळा नो रुद्रोत नो मयस्कृधीति द्वे’ ( आश्व. श्रौ. ३. ८) इति ।

Jamison Brereton

159
Heaven and Earth
Dīrghatamas Aucathya
5 verses: jagatī
The various, and sometimes paradoxical, relationships between (masculine) Heaven and (feminine) Earth, and their joint relationship with their sons, the gods, are the topic of this hymn. The two are named in the first and last (5) verses of the hymn, while in between they are only referred to by kinship terms. In the first half of verse 2 their parental roles are kept separate: father and mother, but in the second half they are subsumed in a pregnant dual, “two fathers.” The tables are turned in verse 3, where they appear as “two mothers.” Although both of these duals are frequently used in the R̥gveda for the paired parents of both genders (and such is their reference here), the alternation in this hymn seems meaningful and contextually appropriate. Minds are not associated with either gender exclusively, so that “the mind of the. . .father and of the mother” in verse 2ab belongs to each individually, whereas in 2c it is, properly, two fathers who “possess good semen.” The reason for the feminine “two mothers” in verse 3 is less clear, though as objects acted upon they may evoke the feminine. After these various parental designations, the poet branches out in verse 4b, identifying the two as both siblings and a married couple, with a subtle but unmistakable sug gestion of incest.
In the meantime, the beloved paradox of children giving birth to their parents is given full play in verses 3 and 4.
As discussed in the introduction to I.160, this hymn is a virtual twin to the one that follows.

Jamison Brereton Notes

Heaven and Earth Alliteration is especially prominent in this hymn: e.g., 2ab … manye … máno, mātúr máhi; 3a sūnávaḥ s u ápasaḥ sudáṃsaso; 3d putrásya pāthaḥ padám; 4c návyaṃ-navyaṃ tántum … tanvate.

01 प्र द्यावा - जगती

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प्र᳓ द्या᳓वा यज्ञइः᳓ पृथिवी᳓ ऋतावृ᳓धा
मही᳓ स्तुषे विद᳓थेषु प्र᳓चेतसा
देवे᳓भिर् ये᳓ देव᳓पुत्रे सुदं᳓ससा
इत्था᳓ धिया᳓ वा᳓रियाणि प्रभू᳓षतः

02 उत मन्ये - जगती

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उत᳓ मन्ये · पितु᳓र् अद्रु᳓हो म᳓नो
मातु᳓र् म᳓हि स्व᳓तवस् त᳓द् ध᳓वीमभिः
सुरे᳓तसा पित᳓रा भू᳓म चक्रतुर्
उरु᳓ प्रजा᳓या अमृ᳓तं व᳓रीमभिः

03 ते सूनवः - जगती

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ते᳓ सून᳓वः सुअ᳓पसः सुदं᳓ससो
मही᳓ जज्ञुर् मात᳓रा पूर्व᳓चित्तये
स्थातु᳓श् च सत्यं᳓ ज᳓गतश् च ध᳓र्मणि
पुत्र᳓स्य पाथः पद᳓म् अ᳓द्वयाविनः

04 ते मायिनो - जगती

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ते᳓ मायि᳓नो ममिरे सुप्र᳓चेतसो
जामी᳓ स᳓योनी मिथुना᳓ स᳓मोकसा
न᳓व्यं-नव्यं त᳓न्तुम् आ᳓ तन्वते दिवि᳓
समुद्रे᳓ अन्तः᳓ कव᳓यः सुदीत᳓यः

05 तद्राधो अद्य - जगती

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त᳓द् रा᳓धो अद्य᳓ सवितु᳓र् व᳓रेण्यं
वयं᳓ देव᳓स्य प्रसवे᳓ मनामहे
अस्म᳓भ्यं द्यावापृथिवी सुचेतु᳓ना+++(=शोभनचेतनेन)+++
रयिं᳓ धत्तं व᳓सुमन्तं शतग्-वि᳓नम्+++(←शतम् + [मतुप्])+++ ॥