१४८

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘मथीद्यत्’ इति पञ्चर्चमष्टमं सूक्तं दैर्घतमसं त्रैष्टुभमाग्नेयम् । ‘मथीद्यत्’ इत्यनुक्रमणिका सूक्तत्रयमध्यस्य तृतीयत्वेन पूर्वं विनियोग उक्तः ॥

Jamison Brereton

148
Agni
Dīrghatamas Aucathya
5 verses: triṣṭubh
This hymn shares some of the concern about malicious enemies with the previous hymn (I.147); see especially verses 2a and 5. However, the situation is more fluid and the identity of both friends and enemies is unclear, since the subjects of some crucial actions are not specified and a liberal use of injunctive verb forms blurs the temporal reference.
The hymn begins (vs. 1) with an apparent reminiscence of the original mythic theft of fire and its first installation on the ritual ground. The performers of this installation (1c) are not identified, but seem likely to be the gods. Verse 2 presents two inimical but unnamed groups: those who cannot damage Agni but presumably want to (2a) and those who delight in all his actions (2cd). The latter must be the performers of the ritual, probably both the current mortal ones and the gods who initiated the sacrifice in verse 1, but the enemies in 2a are defined only by their con trast with the others. Verse 3 appears to reprise the action of verse 1, but in present time as the regular (re-)installation of the ritual fire for the regular, repeated rites performed by men—given the “leading forward” of 3c, perhaps the removal of the Āhavanīya fire from the Gārhapatya fire and its deposit in the east of the ritual ground.
Verse 4 is a thematic intrusion, with a standard description of a wildfire in nature. Verse 5 returns to the topic of 2a: Agni’s invulnerability even when only nascent. A notable feature of verse 5 is the mention of the inability of the blind enemies of Agni to afflict him with the evil eye, given that Dīrghatamas identified himself as blind in the immediately preceding hymn (I.147.3).

Jamison Brereton Notes

Agni

01 मथीद्यदीं विष्थो - त्रिष्टुप्

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म᳓थीद् य᳓द् ईं · विष्टो᳓ मातरि᳓श्वा
हो᳓तारं विश्वा᳐᳓प्सुं विश्व᳓देव्यम्
नि᳓ यं᳓ दधु᳓र् मनुषि᳓यासु विक्षु᳓
सु᳓वर् ण᳓ चित्रं᳓ व᳓पुषे विभा᳓वम्

02 ददानमिन्न ददभन्त - त्रिष्टुप्

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ददान᳓म् इ᳓न् न᳓ ददभन्त म᳓न्म
अग्नि᳓र् व᳓रूथम् म᳓म त᳓स्य चाकन्
जुष᳓न्त · वि᳓श्वानि अस्य क᳓र्म
उ᳓पस्तुतिम् भ᳓रमाणस्य कारोः᳓

03 नित्ये चिन्नु - त्रिष्टुप्

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नि᳓त्ये चिन् नु᳓ यं᳓ स᳓दने जगृभ्रे᳓
प्र᳓शस्तिभिर् दधिरे᳓ यज्ञि᳓यासः
प्र᳓ सू᳓ नयन्त गृभ᳓यन्त इष्टा᳓व्
अ᳓श्वासो न᳓ रथि᳓यो रारहाणाः᳓

04 पुरूणि दस्मो - त्रिष्टुप्

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पुरू᳓णि दस्मो᳓ नि᳓ रिणाति ज᳓म्भैर्
ã᳓द् रोचते व᳓न आ᳓ विभा᳓वा
आ᳓द् अस्य वा᳓तो अ᳓नु वाति शोचि᳓र्
अ᳓स्तुर् न᳓ श᳓र्याम् असना᳓म् अ᳓नु द्यू᳓न्

05 न यम् - त्रिष्टुप्

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न᳓ यं᳓ रिप᳓वो न᳓ रिषण्य᳓वो
ग᳓र्भे स᳓न्तं रेषणा᳓ रेष᳓यन्ति
अन्धा᳓ अपश्या᳓ न᳓ दभन्न् अभिख्या᳓
नि᳓त्यास ईम् प्रयिता᳓रो+ अरक्षन्