०७८

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सायण-भाष्यम्

’ अभि त्वा ’ इति पञ्चर्चं पञ्चमं सूक्तं गोतमस्यार्षमाग्नेयं गायत्रम् । तथा चानुक्रान्तम्– अभि त्वा गायत्रं तु ’ इति । विनियोगो लैङ्गिकः ॥

Jamison Brereton

78
Agni
Gotama Rāhūgaṇa
5 verses: gāyatrī
A hymn of uninspired content, which is rigidly structured and dominated by its refrain. Its most noteworthy feature is that the first two pādas of the last verse (5) break the pattern of the preceding ones, and it is here that the name Agni appears for the first and only time in the hymn, with the reference switched from the 2nd person of the rest of the hymn to 3rd person in its final verse. It is also striking that in verses 1 and 4 the refrain is syntactically integral to the verse, with the initial “to you” the object of the verb in the third-pāda refrain, whereas in the middle verses 2–3 the refrain is syntactically separate, and the initial “to you” is construed with the verb in the first hemistich. Thus, its formal properties are the whole point of the hymn, with meaning essentially backgrounded. For discussion of other ways in which Gotama privileges form over content, see the introduction to I.75.

Jamison Brereton Notes

Agni See the published introduction. for the structure of this rather dull hymn. Not only is the third and final pāda identical in the first four (of five) verses, but in these same verses the opening of the first pāda is also rigidly structured: abhí tvā (vs. 1), tám u tvā (vss. 2-4). The remainder of the first pāda of these verses consists of two variant pairs: gótamā girā́(vs. 1), gótamo girā́(vs. 2); vājasā́tamam (vs. 3), vṛtrahántamam.

It is thus only the second pāda of each verse that contains fully independent material.

The tvā in the various a-pādas has a slightly different syntactic status in this seemingly rigid schema. In vs. 1 it serves as the goal of the verb in pāda c, with doubling of the preverb abhí (a, c). (Alternatively one can supply a verb in ab and an object in c, as Geldner (/Witzel Gotō) do, but this seems uneconomical.) In the following two verses it is governed by a verb in pāda b (2 duvasyati, 3 havāmahe), leaving nonumaḥ in c without an expressed object. In vs. 4 it is again the goal of the verb in c, with an apparent embedded relative clause in b.

01 अभि त्वा - गायत्री

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अ॒भि त्वा॒ गोत॑मा गि॒रा जात॑वेदो॒ विच॑र्षणे ।
द्यु॒म्नैर॒भि प्र णो॑नुमः ॥

02 तमु त्वा - गायत्री

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तमु॑ त्वा॒ गोत॑मो गि॒रा रा॒यस्का॑मो दुवस्यति ।
द्यु॒म्नैर॒भि प्र णो॑नुमः ॥

03 तमु त्वा - गायत्री

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तमु॑ त्वा वाज॒सात॑ममङ्गिर॒स्वद्ध॑वामहे ।
द्यु॒म्नैर॒भि प्र णो॑नुमः ॥

04 तमु त्वा - गायत्री

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तमु॑ त्वा वृत्र॒हन्त॑मं॒ यो दस्यूँ॑रवधूनु॒षे ।
द्यु॒म्नैर॒भि प्र णो॑नुमः ॥

05 अवोचाम रहूगणा - गायत्री

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अवो॑चाम॒ रहू॑गणा अ॒ग्नये॒ मधु॑म॒द्वचः॑ ।
द्यु॒म्नैर॒भि प्र णो॑नुमः ॥