०२६

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सायण-भाष्यम्

‘वसिष्व ’ इति दशर्चं तृतीयं सूक्तम् । अत्रानुक्रम्यते- वसिष्व दशाग्नेयं तु ’ इति । शुनःशेपः ऋषिः । गायत्री छन्दः । इदमुत्तरं च सूक्तम् आग्नेयम् । प्रातरनुवाके आग्नेये क्रतौ गायत्रे छन्दसि एतदादिसूक्तद्वयमनुवक्तव्यम् । तथा च सूत्रितं-’वसिष्वा हीति सूक्तयोरुत्तमामुद्धरेत् ’ ( आश्व. श्रौ. ४, १३ ) इति ॥

Jamison Brereton

26
Agni
Śunaḥśepa Ājīgarti
10 verses: gāyatrī
On the surface this is a simple and straightforward Agni hymn, in part assem bled from pre-made phrases, but in its development it traces an argument below the surface that leads to some surprising conclusions. The argument begins in verse 3 by drawing attention to the mutuality of relationships (friend–friend, comrade–comrade), even of those between hierarchically arranged pairs (father/ son). The poet then points out the comradeship between us and Agni (vs. 5), which leads to the balanced construction of verse 7, again emphasizing the mutual relationship between us and Agni: he is dear to us and we to him. That this relationship is also hierarchical is gently implied by identifying him as our clanlord. By picking up the final term in verse 7, the multivalent word svagní, which can mean both “having good fires” and “having good Agni,” and deploy ing it, again in a balanced construction, in verse 8, the poet subtly shifts to making the gods our partners, not merely Agni, who has become merely the token of this relationship between us and the gods. The hierarchical distance has been increased, but only step-by-step. The climax (however underplayed) comes in verse 9, which calls for mutual encomia (práśasti) between mortals and immortals—in other words, it demands that immortals produce praise for us, as we do for them. The word práśasti is a charged one, referring to the formal praise of kings as well as gods (see Jamison 2007: 146–48; see also I.21 above). Though the conceptual development of the hymn is quite uninsistent, and the simple rhythms of the gāyatrī meter can lull the audience into inattention, the end result, when examined, is quite radical.

Jamison Brereton Notes

Agni

01 वसिष्वा हि - गायत्री

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व᳓सिष्वा हि᳓ मियेधिय
व᳓स्त्राणि ऊर्जा᳐म् पते
से᳓मं᳓ नो अध्वरं᳓ यज

02 नि नो - गायत्री

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नि᳓ नो हो᳓ता व᳓रेणियः
स᳓दा यविष्ठ म᳓न्मभिः
अ᳓ग्ने दिवि᳓त्मता व᳓चः

03 आ हि - गायत्री

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आ᳓ हि᳓ ष्मा सून᳓वे पिता᳓
आपि᳓र् य᳓जति आप᳓ये
स᳓खा स᳓ख्ये व᳓रेणियः

04 आ नो - गायत्री

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आ᳓ नो बर्ही᳓ रिशा᳓दसो
व᳓रुणो मित्रो᳓ अर्यमा᳓
सी᳓दन्तु म᳓नुषो यथा

05 पूर्व्य होतरस्य - गायत्री

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पू᳓र्विय होतर् अस्य᳓ नो
म᳓न्दस्व सखिय᳓स्य च
इमा᳓ उ षु᳓ श्रुधी गि᳓रः

06 यच्चिद्धि शश्वता - गायत्री

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य᳓च् चिद् धि᳓ श᳓श्वता त᳓ना
देवं᳓-देवं य᳓जामहे
तुवे᳓ इ᳓द् धूयते हविः᳓

07 प्रियो नो - गायत्री

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प्रियो᳓ नो अस्तु विश्प᳓तिर्
हो᳓ता मन्द्रो᳓ व᳓रेणियः
प्रियाः᳓ सुअग्न᳓यो वय᳓म्

08 स्वग्नयो हि - गायत्री

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सुअग्न᳓यो हि᳓ वा᳓रियं
देवा᳓सो दधिरे᳓ च नः
सुअग्न᳓यो मनामहे

09 अथा न - गायत्री

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अ᳓था न उभ᳓येषा᳐म्
अ᳓मृत म᳓र्तियाना᳐म्
मिथः᳓ सन्तु प्र᳓शस्तयः

10 विश्वेभिरग्ने अग्निभिरिमम् - गायत्री

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वि᳓श्वेभिर् अग्ने अग्नि᳓भिर्
इमं᳓ यज्ञ᳓म् इदं᳓ व᳓चः
च᳓नो धाः सहसो यहो