०५२ कामः

52. Of and to desire (kā́ma).

कामः।
१-५ ब्रह्माः कामः। त्रिष्टुप्, ३ चतुष्पदा उष्णिक्, ५ उपरिष्टाद्बृहती।

[Brahman.—pañcakam. mantroktakāmadāivatam. trāiṣṭubham. 3. 4-p. uṣṇih; 5. upariṣṭādbṛhatī.]

Comment

The first half-verse is nearly identical with RV. x. 129. 4 a, b ⌊TB. ii. 4. 11; 8. 94; TA. i. 23. 1⌋, which differ only by adding ádhi at end of a; the word is missed in our verse both for sense and for meter. Our text omits* at beginning of c a sá (sá kāma) that is in both these respects superfluous; it is found, however, also in Ppp. The comm. explains kā́mena bṛhatā́ to mean mahatā deśakālavastuparicchedarahitena kāmayitrā parameśvareṇa. The last pāda is xviii. 1. 43 d. *⌊And so accents kā́ma.⌋

A hymn to Kama or Desire

Translation

1. Desire here came into being (sam-vṛt) in the beginning, which was
   the first seed of mind; O desire, being of one origin with great desire,
   do thou impart abundance of wealth to the sacrificer.

Notes

The first half-verse is nearly identical with RV. x. 129. 4 a, b
⌊TB. ii. 4. 1¹; 8. 9⁴; TA. i. 23. 1⌋, which differ only by adding ádhi
at end of a; the word is missed in our verse both for sense and for
meter. Our text omits* at beginning of c a sá (sá kāma) that is
in both these respects superfluous; it is found, however, also in Ppp.
The comm. explains kā́mena bṛhatā́ to mean mahatā
deśakālavastuparicchedarahitena kāmayitrā parameśvareṇa. The last pāda
is xviii. 1. 43 d. *⌊And so accents kā́ma.⌋

Thereafter rose Desire in the beginning, Desire the primal seed and germ of Spirit. O Kama dwelling with the lofty Kama, give growth of riches to the sacrificer.

कामः॑। तत्। अग्रे॑। सम्। अ॒व॒र्त॒त॒। मन॑सः। रेतः॑। प्र॒थ॒मम्। यत्। आसी॑त्। सः। का॒म॒। कामे॑न। बृ॒ह॒ता। सऽयो॑निः। रा॒यः। पोष॑म्। यज॑मानाय। धे॒हि॒। ५२.१।

• कामः
• ब्रह्मा
• त्रिष्टुप्
• काम सूक्त

काम की प्रशंसा का उपदेश।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (तत्) फिर [प्रलय के पीछे] (अग्रे) पहिले ही पहिले (कामः) काम [इच्छा] (सम्) ठीक-ठीक (अवर्तत) वर्तमान हुआ, (यत्) जो (मनसः) मन का (प्रथमम्) पहिला (रेतः) बीज (आसीत्) था। (सः) सो तू, (काम) हे काम ! (बृहता) बड़े (कामेन) काम [कामना करनेवाले परमेश्वर] के साथ (सयोनिः) एकस्थानी होकर (रायः) धन की (पोषम्) वृद्धि (यजमानाय) यजमान [विद्वानों के सत्कार करनेवाले] को (धेहि) दान कर ॥१॥

भावार्थभाषाः - प्रलय के पीछे प्राणियों के पूर्वजन्मों के कर्मफलों के अनुसार परमात्मा ने सृष्टि उत्पन्न करने की इच्छा की है, सो हे मनुष्यो ! तुम उत्तम कर्म करके अभीष्ट सुख प्राप्त करो ॥१॥

टिप्पणी: १−इस मन्त्र का पूर्वार्द्ध ऋग्वेद में है-१०।१२९।४। और चौथा पाद आ चुका है-अ० १८।१।४३ ॥ २−इस सूक्त का मिलान करो-अ० ९।२। और देखो यजुर्वेद ७।४८ ॥ १−(कामः) कमु कान्तौ-घञ्। अभिलाषः। इच्छा (तत्) ततः। प्रलयानन्तरम् (अग्रे) सृष्ट्यादौ (सम्) सम्यक् (अवर्तत) वर्तमानोऽभवत् (मनसः) चित्तस्य (रेतः) बीजम् (प्रथमम्) आद्यम्। पूर्वकल्पे प्राणिभिः कृतं पुण्यापुण्यात्मकं कर्म (यत्) कर्म (आसीत्) अभवत् (सः) स त्वम् (काम) हे काम (कामेन) कामयतेः-पचाद्यच्। कामयित्रा परमेश्वरेण सह (बृहता) महता (सयोनिः) समानगृहः। एकस्थानीयः (रायः) धनस्य (पोषम्) वृद्धिम् (यजमानाय) विदुषां सत्कर्त्रे (धेहि) देहि ॥

Translation

2. Thou, O desire, art set firm with power, mighty, shining
   (vibhā́van), companion for him who seeks a companion; do thou,
   formidable, overpowering in fights, impart power [and] force to the
   sacrificer.

Notes

The second pāda nearly corresponds with RV. x. 91. 1 d, which,
however, reads suṣákha sakhīyaté. The authorities give sakha ā́
sakhīyaté (or -te); and the pada-mss. make the very blundering
division vi॰bhā́u: ā॰sakhe: ā́: sakh-. ⌊The comm. understands
sakhīyate (not as dative pple, but) as finite verb-form (3d sing.,
which would have to be accentless: he says bhavacchabdādhyāhāreṇa
prathamapuruṣaḥ. SPP. follows the comm. in reading vibhā́vā sakha ā́
⌊SPP’s pada-text is vibhā́॰vā: sakhe: ā́⌋; but he disagrees with the
comm. by ⌊making a participle of⌋ sakhīyaté, which he accents. The
translation implies sákhā, i.e. sákhā ā́. ⌊We have ā́ with the
denominative śravasyāt at RV. v. 37. 3; but with the pple, ā́ seems
very strange; nor do I see how W. meant to take it. One is tempted to
fall back on the RV. reading suṣákhā; the more so, inasmuch as⌋ Ppp.
presents the RV. reading suṣakhā. In d, Ppp. has soho ’jo yaj-.

Thou, Kama, art victorious, famous, potent, splendid, a friend. to him who seeks thy friendship. Mighty and overpowering in battle, give strength and vigour to the sacrificer.

त्वम्। का॒म॒। सह॑सा। अ॒सि॒। प्रति॑ऽस्थितः। वि॒ऽभुः। वि॒भाऽवा॑। स॒खे॒। आ। स॒खी॒य॒ते। त्वम्। उ॒ग्रः। पृत॑नासु। स॒स॒हिः। सहः॑। ओजः॑। यज॑मानाय। धे॒हि॒। ५२.२।

• कामः
• ब्रह्मा
• त्रिष्टुप्
• काम सूक्त

काम की प्रशंसा का उपदेश।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (काम) हे काम ! [आशा] (त्वम्) तू (सहसा) बल के साथ (प्रतिष्ठिताः) प्रतिष्ठायुक्त (असि) है, (आ) और, (सखे) हे मित्र ! (सखीयते) मित्र चाहनेवाले के लिये तू (विभुः) समर्थ और (विभावा) तेजस्वी है। (त्वम्) तू (पृतनासु) सङ्ग्रामों में (उग्रः) उग्र और (सासहिः) विजयी है, (सहः) बल और (ओजः) पराक्रम (यजमानाय) यजमान को (धेहि) दान कर ॥२॥

भावार्थभाषाः - जो मनुष्य अपनी आशाओं में दृढ़ होते हैं, वे ही संसार में प्रतापी और विजयी होकर कीर्ति पाते हैं ॥२॥

टिप्पणी: २−(त्वम्) (काम) हे इच्छे ! हे आशे ! (सहसा) बलेन (असि) (प्रतिष्ठितः) प्रतिष्ठायुक्तः (विभुः) समर्थः (विभावा) भातेः-क्वनिप्। विशेषेण दीप्यमानः। तेजस्वी (सखे) हे मित्र (आ) समुच्चये (सखीयते) सखि-क्यच्, शतृ। मित्रमिच्छते पुरुषाय (त्वम्) (उग्रः) प्रचण्डः (पृतनासु) संग्रामेषु (सासहिः) सहेर्यङन्तात्-किप्रत्ययः। विजयी (सहः) बलम् (ओजः) पराक्रमम् (यजमानाय) (धेहि) देहि ॥

Translation

3. To him that desired from afar, that trembled on at the
   inexhaustible—the places (ā́śā) listen to him; by desire they generated
   heaven.

Notes

It is of no consequence how this verse, especially the first half, is
rendered; it is nothing but corrupt nonsense. The degree of its
corruption may be seen by comparing it with the corresponding verse in
TA. iii. 15. 1: sadyáś cakamānā́ya pravepanā́ya ⌊Poona ed., -vepān-⌋
mṛtyáve: prā́ ’smā ā́śā aśṛṇvan kā́menā ’janayan púnaḥ; neither version
is translatable. The majority of authorities read in b
pravipāṇā́yākṣayé ⌊or -ā́kṣaye⌋ (the pada-readings are, for the
first part, pravi॰pānā́ya, and, for the second, ā॰kṣayé or ā́॰kṣaye
or ā॰kṣaye); but some have pratipāṇā́ya ⌊the lingual ṇ of which
seems to betray the ti as a corruption for vi⌋ and prāripāṇā́ya.
The comm. understands pratipāṇāya and akṣaye, and SPP. follows him,
accenting pratipāṇā́ya and ákṣaye, and reading in pada-text
prati॰pāṇā́ya (as if that would or could become in saṁhitā-text
-pāṇ-!); with his usual carelessness, the comm. takes -pāṇāya, in
spite of its ṇ, from root pā (= sarvatorakṣanāyā
’bhimataphalaprāpaṇāya: the latter equivalent looks as if he also saw
something of pra-āp in it!). Ppp. has in b pratipāṇāyākṣe, in
c āsmā ’śṛṇvann, and in d -janayat saha. The translation
implies in b pravipāṇā́yā́ ’kṣaye. The Anukr. apparently scans the
verse as 7 + 7: 7 + 7 = 28.

They heard his prayers, and they begot, by Kama, heavenly- light for him. Who from a distance longed for it, a dealer ready to exchange.

दू॒रात्। च॒क॒मा॒नाय॑। प्र॒ति॒ऽपा॒नाय॑। अक्ष॑ये। आ। अ॒स्मै॒। अ॒शृ॒ण्व॒न्। आशाः॑। कामे॑न। अ॒ज॒न॒य॒न्। स्वः᳡। ५२.३।

• कामः
• ब्रह्मा
• चतुष्पदोष्णिक्
• काम सूक्त

काम की प्रशंसा का उपदेश।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (अक्षये) निर्हानि [पूर्णता] के बीच (प्रतिपानाय) सब प्रकार रक्षा के लिये (दूरात्) दूर से [जन्म से पूर्व कर्म के संस्कार के कारण से] (चकमानाय) कामना कर चुकनेवाले (अस्मै) इस [पुरुष] को (आशाः) दिशाओं ने (कामेन) काम [आशा] के साथ (स्वः) सुख को (आ अशृण्वन्) अङ्गीकार किया है और (अजनयन्) उत्पन्न किया है ॥३॥

भावार्थभाषाः - मनुष्य पूर्व जन्म के संस्कारों के कारण जन्म से ही अक्षय सुख के लिये दृढ़ आशा और प्रयत्न करता हुआ प्रत्येक स्थान में आनन्द पाता है ॥३॥

टिप्पणी: ३−(दूरात्) पूर्वजन्मफलसंस्कारात् (चकमानाय) कमतेर्लिटः कानच्। कामनां कृतवते पुरुषाय (प्रतिपानाय) सर्वतोरक्षणाय (अक्षये) क्षयराहित्ये। अहानौ। सम्पूर्णत्वे (आ अशृण्वन्) अङ्गीकृतवत्यः (अस्मै) पुरुषाय (आशाः) प्राच्यादयो दिशाः (कामेन) इच्छया (अजनयन्) उदपादयन् (स्वः) सुखम् ॥

Translation

4. By desire hath desire come to me, out of heart to heart; the mind
   that is theirs yonder, let that come unto me here.

Notes

In TA. (iii. 15. 2) a corresponding verse follows the one quoted under
vs. 3: kā́mena me kā́ma ā́ ’gād dhṛ́dayād dhṛ́dayam mṛtyóḥ: yád amī́ṣām adáḥ
priyáṁ tád āí ’tū́ ’pa mā́m abhí. SPP. has the same text as we, both
deviating in d from the mss., which leave upa unaccented (p.
upa॰mā́m); ⌊but SPP’s R. has úpa mā́m and the comm. also takes upa
mām as two words⌋. Ppp. combines kāmā ”gan in a.

O Kama, with whatever wish we make this offering to thee, May it be all fulfilled to us. Then taste this sacrifice, All hail!

कामे॑न। मा॒। कामः॑। आ। अ॒ग॒न्। हृद॑यात्। हृद॑यम्। परि॑। यत्। अ॒मीषा॑म्। अ॒दः। मनः॑। तत्। आ। ए॒तु॒। उप॑। माम्। इ॒ह। ५२.४।

• कामः
• ब्रह्मा
• उपरिष्टाद्बृहती
• काम सूक्त

काम की प्रशंसा का उपदेश।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (कामेन) काम [कर्मफल इच्छा] के साथ (कामः) काम [आशा] (हृदयात्) [एक] हृदय से (हृदयं परि) [दूसरे] हृदय में होकर (मा) मुझको (आ अगन्) प्राप्त हुआ है। (अमीषाम्) इन [विद्वानों] का (यत्) जो (अदः) वह (मनः) मनन है, (तत्) वह (माम्) मुझको (इह) यहाँ (उप) आदर से (आ एतु) प्राप्त होवे ॥४॥

भावार्थभाषाः - मनुष्य विद्वानों से विद्याएँ प्राप्त करके दृढ़ आशाएँ करता हुआ उन्नति करता रहे ॥४॥

टिप्पणी: ४−(कामेन) कर्मफलेच्छया सह (मा) माम् (कामः) अभिलाषः (आ अगन्) गमेर्लुङि च्लेर्लुकि मकारस्य नकारः। आगतवान् (हृदयात्) एकस्य अन्तःकरणात् (हृदयम्) द्वितीयस्य अन्तःकरणम् (परि) प्रति (यत्) (अमीषाम्) विदुषाम् (अदः) तत् (मनः) मननम् (तत्) (आ एतु) प्राप्नोतु (उप) आदरेण (माम्) (इह) अत्र ॥

Translation

5. Desiring what, O desire, we make to thee this oblation, let that all
   succeed with us; then eat (vī) thou of this oblation: hail!

Notes

The verse is found, ⌊cited by pratīka at Kāuś. 92. 30, and⌋ written in
full ⌊sakalapāṭha⌋ at 92. 31, prescribed for use at the end of the
madhuparka ceremony.* SPP. gives the same text as we; the mss. leave
kṛṇmási unaccented in b, and most of them accent té after it. At
the beginning, all the pada-mss. ⌊except possibly L., of which no note
is made⌋ very strangely read yát॰kāmaḥ, though no saṁhitā-mss. have
kāmaḥ; ⌊with the support of the latter, as also of the comm. and of
Ppp., both ed’s read yát kāma⌋. *⌊See p. 897, ¶3.⌋

यत् का॑म का॒मय॑माना इ॒दं कृ॒ण्मसि॑ ते ह॒विः ।
तन्नः॒ सर्वं॒ समृ॑ध्यता॒मथै॒तस्य॑ ह॒विषो॑ वीहि॒ स्वाहा॑ ॥५॥

यत्। का॒म॒। का॒मय॑मानाः। इ॒दम्। कृ॒ण्मसि॑। ते॒। ह॒विः। तत्। नः॒। सर्व॑म्। सम्। ऋ॒ध्य॒ता॒म्। अथ॑। ए॒तस्य॑। ह॒विषः॑। वी॒हि॒। स्वाहा॑। ५२.५।

• कामः
• ब्रह्मा
• त्रिष्टुप्
• काम सूक्त

काम की प्रशंसा का उपदेश।

पदार्थान्वयभाषाः - (काम) हे काम ! [आशा] (यत्) जिस [फल] को (कामयमानाः) चाहते हुए हम (ते) तेरी (इदम्) यह (हविः) भक्ति (कृण्मसि) करते हैं। (तत्) वह (सर्वम्) सब (नः) हमारे लिये (सम्) सर्वथा (ऋध्यताम्) सिद्ध होवे, (अथ) इसलिये (स्वाहा) सुन्दर वाणी के साथ [वर्तमान] (एतस्य) इस (हविषः) भक्ति की (वीहि) प्राप्ति कर ॥५॥

भावार्थभाषाः - मनुष्यों को दृढ़ भक्ति के साथ शुभ कामनाओं की सिद्धि के लिये पूरा प्रयत्न करना चाहिये ॥५॥

टिप्पणी: ५−(यत्) कर्मफलम् (काम) हे अभिलाष (कामयमानाः) इच्छन्तः (इदम्) क्रियमाणम् (कृण्मसि) कुर्मः (ते) तव (हविः) आत्मदानम्। भक्तिम् (तत्) (नः) अस्मभ्यम् (सर्वम्) (सम्) सम्यक् (ऋध्यताम्) सिध्यतु (अथ) तस्मात् (एतस्य) (हविषः) आत्मदानस्य (वीहि) प्राप्तिं कुरु (स्वाहा) सुवाण्या ॥