[[THE STUDY OF SANSKRIT Source: EB]]
[
[TABLE]
HANDBOOKS
FOR
THE STUDY OF SANSKRIT.
EDITED BY
MAX MÜLLER, M. A.
TAILORIAN PROFESSOR OF MODERN EUROPEAN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE
IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD.
[TABLE]
CONTENTS.
————
BOOK II.
FRIEND-SEPARATION, ILLUSTRATED BY THE STORY OF THE LION,
THE BULL, AND THE TWO JACKALS.
[TABLE]
BOOK III.
WAR, ILLUSTRATED BY THE STORY OF THE WAR BETWEEN
THE GEESE AND THE PEACOCKS.
| THE BIRDS AND THE MONKEYS |
| THE ASS IN A TIGER’S SKIN |
| THE HARES AND THE ELEPHANTS |
| THE GOOSE AND THE CROW |
| THE QUAIL AND THE CROW |
| THE WHEELWRIGHT, HIS WIFE, AND HER Lover |
| DEATH OF THE BLUE JACKAL |
| How VîRAVARA SACRIFICED HIS OWN SON TO SAVE HISMASTER. |
| DEATH OF THE BARBER WHO KILLED A BEGGAR |
BOOK IV.
PEACE, ILLUSTRATED BY THE STORY OF THE RECONCILIATION OF
THE GEESE AND THE PEACOCKS.
| THE TORTOISE AND THE TWO GEESE |
| THE THREE FISHES |
| THE MERCHANT’S WIFE AND HER LOVER |
| THE CRANES, THE SERPENT, AND THE ICHNEUMON |
| THE SAINT AND THE MOUSE. |
| DEATH OF A GLUTTONOUS CRANE |
| THE BRÂHMAN IN THE POTTER’S SHED |
| THE STORY OF THE TWO GIANTS SUNDA AND UPASUNDA |
| THE BRÂHMAN WITH THE GOAT, AND THE THREE ROGUES |
| THE LION, THE CROW, THE TIGER, THE JACKAL, AND THE CAMEL. |
| THE SERPENT AND THE FROGS |
| THE BRÂHMAN AND THE ICHNEUMON |
॥सुहृद्भेदः॥
FRIEND–SEPARATION.
अथ राजपुत्रा ऊचुः। आर्य मित्रलाभः श्रुतस्त़ावद़स्माभिः।
Then the king’s-sons said: Reverend Sir, The Friend-acquisition heard so far by us;
इदानींसुहृद्भेदं श्रोतुम़िच्छामः। विष्णुशर्मो़वाच। सुहृद्भेदं
now the Friend-separation to hear we desire. Vishṇuśarman said: The Friend-separation
तावच्छ़ृणुत यस्या़यमा़द्यः श्लोकः।
then hear, of which this the first verse:
वर्धमानो महास्नेहो मृगेंद्रवृषयोर्व़ने।
The increasing great-affection of a lion and a bull in a wood.
पिशुनेना़पि लुब्धेन जंबुकेन विनाशितः॥१॥
by an insidious also greedy jackal destroyed. (1)
राजपुत्रैरु़क्तं। कथमे़तत्। विष्णुशर्माकथयति। अस्ति दक्षिणा-
By the king’s-sons said : How that? Vishṇuśarman relates: There is on the south-
पथे सुवर्णवती नाम नगरी। तत्रवर्धमानो नाम वणिग्
road Suvarṇavati by name a city. There Vardhamâna by namea merchant
निवसति। तस्य प्रचुरे ऽपि वित्ते ऽपरान्ब़ंधून-
dwells. Of him (though) abundant even wealth (was), the other relations
तिसमृद्धान्समीक्ष्य पुनरर्थवृद्धिः करणीयेति मतिर्बभूव।
very-prosperous having seen, ’again wealth-increase to be made’ thus resolution was.
यतः। अधो ऽधः पश्यतः कस्य महिमा नो़पचीयते।
For, Down down looking of whom the greatness not is enhanced?
उपर्यु़परि पश्यंतः सर्व एव दरिद्रति॥२॥
Upwards upwards looking all indeed are poor. (2)
अपरं च। ब्रह्महा़पि नरः पूज्यो यस्या़स्ति विपुलं धनं।
Another and, A Brâhman-slaying even man to be honoured, of whom is ample wealth,
शशिनस्तु़ल्यवंशो ऽपि निर्धनः परिभूयते॥३॥
with the moon1 of equal-lineage although the wealth-less is despised. (3)
अन्यच्च़। अव्यवसायिनम़लसं दैवपरं साहसाच्च़ परिहीणं।
Again and, The exertion-less inactive in fate-alone trusting of courage and deprived,
प्रमदे़व हि वृद्धपतिं ने़च्छत्यु़पगूहितुं लक्ष्मीः॥४॥
a lovely woman as certainly an old-husband not likes to embrace Lakshmî. (4)
किंच। आलस्यं स्त्रीसेवा सरोगिता जन्मभूमिवात्सल्यं।
Moreover, Inactivity, woman-service, ill-health, birth-place-fondness,
संतोषो भीरुत्वं षड् व्याघाता महत्त्वस्य॥५॥
acquiescence, timidity, six obstructions of greatness. (5)
यतः। संपदा सुस्थितंमन्यो भवति स्वल्पया़पि यः।
For, Through fortune prosperous-thinking himself is through a little even who,
कृतकृत्यो विधिर्म़न्ये न वर्धयति तस्य तां॥६॥
having done-its duty fate, methinks, not increases of him that. (6)
अपरं च। निरुत्साहं निरानंदं निर्वीर्यम़रिनंदनं।
Another and, An exertion-less, joy-less, power-less, enemy-delighter,
मा स्म सीमंतिनी काचिज्ज़नयेत्पु़त्रमी़दृशं॥७॥
not ever woman any may bear a son such. (7)
तथा चो़क्तं। अलब्धं चै़व लिप्सेत लब्धं रक्षेद़वक्षयात्।
Thus and said: The unobtained and indeed one should wish the obtained one should guard to obtainfrom decrease,
रक्षितं वर्धयेत्स़म्यग्वृ़द्धं तीर्थेषु निक्षिपेत्॥८॥
the guarded one should increase properly, the increased on holy places one should bestow. (8)
यतो ऽलब्धमि़च्छतो ऽर्थयोगाद़र्थस्य
For (of one who) the unobtained desires, through wealth-application, of wealth
प्राप्तिरे़व लब्धस्या़प्य़रक्षितस्य निधेऱपि स्वयं
the obtainment indeed; of an acquired even, (but) not-guarded treasure also of itself
विनाशः। अपि च। अवर्धमानश्च़ा़र्थः काले स्वल्पव्ययो
disappearance. Also and, Not-increasing and wealth in time with very-small-expenditure
ऽप्य़ंजनवत्क्ष़यमे़ति। अनुपभुज्यमानश्च़ निष्प्रयोजन एव सः।
even collyrium-like2to waste goes, not-enjoyed being and, useless indeed it,
तथा चो़क्तं।
Thus and said:
धनेन किं यो न ददाति ना़श्नुते बलेन किं यश्च़ रिपून्ऩ बाधते।
With wealth what, who not gives, not enjoys? With strength what, who enemies slays? and not
श्रुतेन किं यो न च धर्ममाचरेत्क़िमा़त्मना यो न जितेंद्रियो भवेत्॥९॥
with Scripturewhat, who not also virtue practises?What with who not of subdued-soul,senses may be? (9)
यतः। जलविंदुनिपातेन क्रमशः पूर्यते घटः।
For, By the water-drop-falling step by step is filled a pot,
स हेतुः सर्वविद्यानां धर्मस्य च धनस्य च॥१०॥
this (is) the means of all-sciences, of virtue also, of wealth and. (10)
दानोपभोगरहिता दिवसा यस्य यांति वै।
Of giving-and enjoyment-deprived the days of whom pass forsooth,
स कर्मकारभस्त्रे़व श्वसन्ऩपि न जीवति॥११॥
he a blacksmith’s-bellows like breathing even not does live. (11)
इति संचिंत्य नंदकसंजीवकनामानौ वृषभौ धुरि
Thus having reflected Nandaka-and Safijivaka-named two bullsin the yoke
नियुज्य शकटं नानाविधद्रव्यपूर्णं कृत्वा वाणिज्येन गतः
having fastened, a cart with manifold-things-filled having made; on trading gone
काश्मीरं प्रति।
Kâśmîra towards.
अन्यच्च। अंजनस्य क्षयं दृष्ट्वा वल्मीकस्य च संचयं।
Another and, of collyrium the waste having seen, of the white ant and the increasing heap,
अबंध्यं दिवसं कुर्याद्द़ानाध्ययनकर्मसु॥१२॥
not-barren the day one should make in liberality-study-and actions. (12)
यतः। कोऽतिभारः समर्थानां किं दूरं व्यवसायिनां।
For, What an excessive-load of the able? What far of the resolute?
को विदेशः सविद्यानां कः परः प्रियवादिनां॥१३॥
What a strange country of the of knowledge possessed?Who a stranger of the kindly-speaking? (13)
अथ गच्छतस्त़स्य सुदुर्गनाम्निमहारण्ये संजीवको भग्नजानुर्ऩि-
Now travelling of him in the Sudurga-named great-wood Sañjîvaka broken-kneed
पतितः। तमा़लोक्य वर्धमानो ऽचिंतयत्।
fallen down. Him having seen Vardhamâna thought:
करोतु नाम नीतिज्ञो व्यवसायम़ितस्त़तः।
Let make certainly the prudent a resolution thus (or) thus,
फलं पुनस्त़दे़वा़स्य यद्व़िधेर्म़नसि स्थितं॥१४॥
the fruit however that only of it what in Fate’s mind stands. (14)
किंतु। विस्मयः सर्वथा हेयः प्रत्यूहः सर्वकर्मणां।
However, Dismay in every way to be avoided, the obstacle of all-actions,
तस्माद्व़िस्मयमु़त्सृज्य साध्ये सिद्धिर्व़िधीयतां॥१५॥
therefore, dismay having abandoned, in what is to be accomplished success may be achieved,(15)
इति संचिंत्य संजीवकं तत्रपरित्यज्य वर्धमानः पुनः स्वयं
Thus having reflected, Sañjîvaka there having left, Vardhamâna again himself
धर्मपुरं नाम नगरं गत्वा महाकायम़न्यवृषभमे़कं
to Dharmapura by name the town having gone, of great-bulk another-bull one
समानीय धुरि नियोज्य चलितः। ततः संजीवकोऽपि
having fetched, in the yoke having fastened, departed. ThenSañjîvaka also,
कथंकथम़पि खुरत्रये भरं कृत्वो़त्थितः।
somehow-somehow on the hoof-triad his weight having made got-up.
यतः। निमग्नस्य पयोराशौ पर्वतात्प़तितस्य च।
For, Of one plunged into water-mass, from a mountain of one fallen and,
तक्षकेणा़पि दष्टस्य आयुर्म़माणि रक्षति॥१६॥
by (the serpent) Takshaka also of one bitten life the limbs preserves. (16)
ना़काले म्रियते जंतुर्व़िद्धःशरशतैऱपि।
Not out of time dies a creature pierced by arrow-hundreds even,
कुशाग्रेणै़व संस्पृष्टः प्राप्तकालो न जीवति॥१७॥
by a grass-point merely touched when his time-is come not he lives. (17)
अरक्षितं तिष्ठति दैवरक्षितं
Unguarded stands the by Fate-guarded,
सुरक्षितं दैवहतं विनश्यति।
well-guarded the Fate-struck perishes.
जीवत्य़नाथोऽपि वने विसर्जितः
There lives without-protector even in a forest one abandoned,
कृतप्रयत्नोऽपि गृहे न जीवति॥१८॥
One for whom exertion-is made even in a house not lives. (18)
ततो दिनेषु गच्छत्सु संजीवकः स्वेच्छाहारविहारं कृत्वा़रण्यं
Then, the days passing, Safijîvaka ad libitum-feeding-sport having made the wood
भ्राम्यन्हृ़ष्टपुष्टांगो बलवान्ऩनाद। तस्मिन्व़ने पिंगलकनामा
perambulating frisky-fat-limbed, strong, roared. In that forest Pingalaka-named
सिंहः स्वभुजोपार्जितराज्यसुखम़नुभवन्ऩिवसति।
a lion the by his own-arm-acquired-sovereignty-pleasure enjoying dwells.
तथा चो़क्तं। ना़भिषेको न संस्कारः सिंहस्य क्रियते मृगैः।
Thus and said, Not anointing, not consecration of the lion is made by the beasts,
विक्रमार्जितराज्यस्य स्वयमे़व मृगेंद्रता॥१९॥
Of him who by prowess-has acquired-dominion of itself already the beast-kingship. (19)
स चै़कदा पिपासाकुलितः पानीयं पातुं यमुनाकच्छम़गच्छत्।
He and one day with thirst-pained water to drink to the Yamunâ-bank went.
तेन च तत्र सिंहेना़ननुभूतपूर्वकम़कालघनगर्जितम़िव
By that and there lion unperceived-before, unseasonable-cloud-thundering like,
संजीवकनर्दितम़श्रावि। तच्छ्रु़त्वा पानीयम़पीत्वा सचकितः
Sañjîvaka’s-roaring was heard. That having heard water not-having drunk with-trembling
परिवृत्य स्वस्थानमा़गत्य किम़िदम़ित्या़लोचयंस्तू़ष्णीं स्थितः।
turning round, to his-place having gone, “What this?’ thus reflecting silently remained.
स च तथाविधः करटकदमनकाभ्याम़स्य मंत्रिपुत्राभ्यां
He and so-conditioned by Karataka-and Damanaka of him the minister’s-sons
शृगालाभ्यां दृष्टः। तं तथाविधं दृष्ट्वा दमनकः करटकमा़ह।
two jackals seen. Him in this-state having seen Damanaka Karataka accosts:
सखे करटक किम़ित्य़यमु़दकार्थी स्वामी पानीयम़पीत्वा
Friend Karataka, why thus this water-desiring master water not-haying drunk
सचकितो मंदं मंदम़वतिष्ठते। करटको ब्रूते। मित्र दमनक
with-trembling slowly slowly stands off? Karataka says: FriendDamanaka,
अस्मन्मतेना़स्य सेवै़व न क्रियते। यदि तथा भवति तर्हि
by our-advice of him attendance certainly not is made. If thus it is, then
किम़नेन स्वामिचेष्टानिरूपणेना़स्माकं। यतोऽनेन राज्ञा विना़-
what with this the master’s-actions-pondering of us? For by this king without
पराधेन चिरम़वधीरिताभ्यामा़वाभ्यां महद्दु़ःखम़नुभूतं।
offence long slighted, by us great pain suffered.
सेवया धनम़िच्छद्भिः सेवकैः पश्य यत्कृ़तं।
Through attendance wealth wishing by attendants behold what done,
स्वातंत्र्यं यच्छ़रीरस्य मूढैस्त़द़पि हारितं॥२०॥
the independance which of the body, by the fools that even allowed to be taken away. (20)
अपरं च। शीतवातातपक्लेशान्स़हंते यान्प़राश्रिताः।
Another and, Cold-wind-heat-fatigue endure what the on another-dependant,
तदंशेना़पि मेधावी तपस्त़प्त्वा सुखी भवेत्॥२१॥
of that-with a part even a wise man penance having done, happy might be. (21)
अन्यच्च़। एतावज्ज़न्मसाफल्यं यद़नायत्तवृत्तिता।
Another and, So far birth-fruitfulness, as independant-existence;
ये पराधीनतां यातास्ते़ वै जीवंति के मृताः॥२२॥
Who to on another-dependance gone, (granted that) those live, who dead? (22)
अपरं च। एहि गच्छ पतो़त्तष्ठ वद मौनं समाचर।
Again and Come near!Go! Fall down! Get up! Speak! Silence observe!
एवमा़शाग्रहग्रस्तैः क्रीडंति धनिनोऽर्थिभिः॥२३॥
Thus with the hope-demon-seized play the rich, with the needy. (23)
किंच। अबुधैऱर्थलाभाय पण्यस्त्रीभिऱिव स्वयं।
Moreover, By the unwise for wealth-obtainment, by venal-women as, of their own accord
आत्मा संस्कृत्य संस्कृत्य परोपकरणीकृतः॥२४॥
their own self having ornamented, having ornamented (it), of others-the slave-(is) made. (24)
किंच। या प्रकृत्यै़व चपला निपतत्य़शुचाव़पि।
Moreover, Which by nature already unsteady falls on the impure even,
स्वामिनो बहु मन्यंते दृष्टिं ताम़पि सेवकाः॥२५॥
of a master highly esteem the look that even attendants. (25)
अपरं च। मौनान्म़ूर्खः प्रवचनपटुर्व़ातुलो जल्पको वा
Again and, Because of silence (he is) a fool; in speech-clever, windy, a prattler or;
क्षांत्या भीरुर्य़दि न सहते प्रायशो ना़भिजातः।
through forbearance cowardly; if not he forbears, most likely not well-born;
धृष्टः पार्श्वे वसति नियतं दूरतश्च़ा़प्रगल्भः
insolent, (if) at the side he remains; constantly afar and diffident;
सेवाधर्मः परमगहनो योगिनाम़प्य़गम्यः॥२६॥
attendance-duty of extreme-profoundness for Yogins even impracticable. (26)
विशेषतश्च़। प्रणमत्यु़न्नतिहेतोर्जी़वितहेतोर्व़िमुंचति प्राणान्।
Particularly and, He bows down for elevation’s-sake, for life’s-sake he gives up life,
दुःखीयति सुखहेतोः को मूढः सेवकाद़न्यः॥२७॥
he suffers pain for pleasure’s-sake what fool from an attendant different? (27)
दमनको ब्रूते। मित्र सर्वथा मनसा़पि नै़तत्क़र्तव्यं।
Damanaka says: Friend, wholly in mind even not that to be done.
यतः। कथं नाम न सेव्यंते यत्नतः परमेश्वराः।
For, Why namely not are attended with care the supreme-lords,
**अचिरेणै़व ये तुष्टाः पूरयंति मनोरथान्॥**२८॥
quickly indeed who satisfied fulfil the heart’s desires? (28)
अन्यच्च़ पश्य। कुतः सेवाविहीनानां चामरोद्धूतसंपदः।
Another and behold: Whence of the service-deprived the by the Châmara3-exalted-for-tunes,
उद्दंडधवलच्छत्त्रंवाजिवारणवाहिनी॥२९॥
the on a pole raised-white-umbrella4, of horses-and elephants-a troop? (29)
करटको ब्रूते। तथा़पि किम़नेना़स्माकं व्यापारेण। यतो
Karataka says: Thus even, what with this of usbusiness?For
ऽव्यापारेषु व्यापारः सर्वथा परिहरणीयः। पश्य।
in not-(one’s own) business business wholly to be avoided. Behold:
अव्यापारेषु व्यापारं यो नरः कर्तुम़िच्छति।
In not-(his own) business business what man to do wishes,
स भूमौ निहतः शेते कीलोत्पाटी़व वानरः॥३०॥
he on the ground struck down lies, the wedge-extracting like ape. (30).
दमनकः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। करटकः कथयति। अस्ति मगधदेशे
Damanaka asks: How that? Karataka relates: There is in the Magadha-country
धर्मारण्यसंनिहितवसुधायां शुभदत्तनाम्नाकायस्थेन विहारः
in one the Dharmawood-adjoining-ground by a Subhadatta-named Kâyastha5a sanctuary
कर्तुमा़रब्धः। तत्र करपत्रदार्यमाणैकस्तंभस्य कियद्दूरस्फाटितस्य
to build begun. There of a with a saw-being split-post a little-way-divided
काष्ठखंद्वयमध्ये कीलकः सूत्रधारेण निहितः। तत्र बलवान्व़ानर-
in the wood-part-couple-middle a wedge by the carpenter put in. There a mighty monkey-
यूथः क्रीडन्नागतः। एको वानरः कालप्रेरित इव तं कीलकं
herd playing approached. One monkey, by Fate-driven as it were, that wedge
हस्ताभ्यां धूत्वोपविष्टः। तत्र तस्य मुष्कद्वयं लंबमानं
with both hands having seized sat down. There of him the lower parts hanging down
काष्ठखंडद्वयाभ्यंतरे प्रविष्टं। अनंतरं स च सहजचपलतया
in the wood-part-couple-interval entered. Thereupon he and through inborn-giddiness
महता प्रयत्नेन तं कीलकम़ाकृष्टवान्। आकृष्टे च कीलके
with great effort that wedge drew out. Being drawn out and the wedge,
चूर्णितांडद्वयः पंचत्वं गतः। अतो ऽहं ब्रवीमि। अव्यापारेषु
with smashed-lower parts to death gone. Therefore I say: ’In not-(his own) business
व्यापारमित्यादि। दमनको ब्रूते। तथा़पि स्वामिचेष्टानिरूपणं
business’ &c. Damanaka says: Thus even a master’s-actions-pondering
सेवकेना़वश्यं करणीयं। करटको ब्रूते। सर्वस्मिन्ऩधिकारे य
by an attendant necessarily to be made. Karataka says: In every office who
एव नियुक्तः प्रधानमंत्री स करोतु यतो ऽनुजीविना
verily appointed, the chief-minister, hemay do (so), for by an inferior
पराधिकारचर्चासर्वथा न कर्तव्या।
of another’s-office-investigation wholly not to be made.
पश्य। पराधिकारचर्चांयः कुर्यात्स्व़ामिहितेच्छया।
Behold: Of another’s-office-investigation who should do from master-welfare-desire,
स विषीदति चीत्काराद्ग़र्दभस्त़ाडितो यथा॥३१॥
he fares ill, for (his) braying the donkey beaten as. (31)
दमनकः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। करटको ब्रूते। अस्ति वाराणस्यां
Damanaka asks: How that? Karataka says: There is in Vârânasî
कर्पूरपटको नाम रजकः। स चा़भिनववयस्कया वध्वा सह चिरं
Karpûrapataka by name a washerman. He and (his) young-aged wife with long
निधुवनं कृत्वा निर्भरम़ालिंग्य प्रसुप्तः। तदनंतरं तद्गृहद्रव्याणि
sport having made, heartily having embraced, fallen asleep. Thereupon his-house’s things
हर्तुं चौरः प्रविष्टः। तस्य प्रांगणे गर्दभो बद्ध़स्तिष्ठति कुक्कुरश्च़ो़-
to rob a thief entered. Of it in the yard a donkey fastened stands, a dog and
पविष्टोऽस्ति। अथ गर्दभः श्वानम़ाह। सखे भवतस्त़ावद़यं
seated is. Now the donkey to the dog says: Friend, of youthen this
व्यापारः। तत्क़िम़िति त्वमु़च्चैः शब्दं कृत्वा स्वामिनं न जागरयसि
a business; then why thus thou loud a noise having made the master not dost thou waken?
कुक्कुरो ब्रूते। भद्र मम नियोगस्य चर्चा त्वया न कर्तव्या।
The dog says: My dear, of me of the business investigation by thee not to be made.
त्वमे़व किं न जानासि यथा तस्या़हर्निशं गृहरक्षां
Thou indeed (what?) not dost thou know, how of him day-and night house-guarding
करोमि। यतो ऽयं चिरान्ऩिर्वृतो ममो़पयोगं न जानाति तेना़-
I make? Because he long untroubled, of me the use not knows, therefore
धुना़पि ममा़हारदाने मंदादरः। यतो विना विधुरदर्शनं
(is he) now also of me for the food-giving little-caring. For without alarm-seeing
स्वामिन उपजीविषु मंदादरा भवंति।
masters for the dependants little-caring are.
गर्दभो ब्रूते। शृणु रे बर्बर।
The donkey says: Listen, oh idiot :
याचते कार्यकाले यः स किं भृत्यः स किं सुहृत्।
Asks at action-time who, he (what?) a servant, he (what?) a friend?
कुक्कुरो ब्रूते।
The dog says:
भृत्यान्स़ंभाषयेद्य़स्तु़ कार्यकाले स किं प्रभुः॥३२॥
The servants should address who but at action-time (only), he (what?) a lord? (32)
यतः। आश्रितानां भृतौ स्वामिसेवायां धर्मसेवने।
For, Of the dependants in the maintenance, in master-service, in law-observance,
पुत्रस्यो़त्पादने चै़व न संति प्रतिहस्तकाः॥३३॥
of a son in the begetting and likewise not there are substitutes. (33)
ततो गर्दभः सकोपमा़ह। अरे दुष्टमते पापीयांस्त्व़ं
Then the donkey with-anger says: Oh thou wicked-minded, very villainous thou,
यद्व़िपत्तौ स्वामिकार्य उपेक्षां करोषि। भवतु
because in misfortune for the master’s-business disregard thou makest.Let it be
तावत्। यथा स्वामी जागरिष्यति तन्म़या कर्तव्यं।
though! That the master shall awake, that by me to be made.
यतः। पृष्ठतः सेवयेद़र्कंजठरेण हुताशनं।
For, On the back one should serve the sun, with the belly the fire,
स्वामिनं सर्वभावेन परलोकम़मायया॥३४॥
the master with one’s whole-being, the other-world without-guile. (34)
इत्युक्ता़तीव चीत्कारशब्दं कृतवान्। ततः स रजकस्ते़न
Thus saying exceedingly braying-noise he was making. Then that washerman by that
चीत्कारेण प्रबुद्धो निद्राभंगकोपादु़त्थाय गर्दभं लगुडेन
braying aroused through sleep-interruption-anger having got up the donkey with a stick
ताडयामास। तेना़सौ पंचत्वम़गमत्। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। पराधि-
beating was. By that he to death went. Therefore I say: Of another’s-
कारचर्चाम़ित्यादि। पश्य। पशूनाम़न्वेषणमे़वा़स्मन्नियोगः।
business-investigation &c. Behold! For game searching only our-business,
स्वनियोगचर्चाक्रियतां। विमृश्य। किंत्व़द्य तया
Of one’s own-business-investigation be made! (Having reflected:) However to-day for that
चर्चया न प्रयोजनं यत आवयोर्भ़क्षितशेषाहारः प्रचुरोऽस्ति।
consideration not need, for of us of the meal-remaining-food plentiful is.
दमनकः सरोषमा़ह। कथमाहारार्थी भवान्के़वलं राजानं सेवते।
Damanaka with-anger says: How for food-seeking you merely the king serve?
एतद़युक्तमु़क्तं त्वया।
This improper said by thee.
यतः। सुहृदामु़पकारकारणाद्द्व़िषताम़प्य़पकारकारणात्।
For, Of friends for assistance’s-sake, of enemies also for injury’s-sake
नृपसंश्रय इष्यते बुधैर्ज़ठरं को न बिभर्ति केवलं॥३५॥
a king’s-society is sought by the wise; the belly who not supports merely? (35)
जीविते यस्य जीवंति विप्रा मित्राणि बांधवाः।
In the life of whom live the wise, friends, relations,
सफलं जीवितं तस्य आत्मार्थे को न जीवति॥३६॥
fruitful the life of him; for his own-sake who not lives? (36)
अपि च। यस्मिञ्ज़ीवति जीवंति बहवः स तु जीवतु।
Also and, In whom living live many, he truly may live;
काकोऽपि किं न कुरुते चंच्वा स्वोदरपूरणं॥३७॥
the crow also (what?) not does he make with the beak of his-belly-filling? (37)
पश्य। पंचभिर्य़ाति दासत्वं पुराणैः कोऽपि मानवः।
Behold, For five goes to servitude Purâṇas6 some man;
कोऽपि लक्षैः कृती कोऽपि लक्षैऱपि न लभ्यते॥३८॥
some man (is) through Lacs7satisfied, some man through Lacs even not is taken. (38)
अन्यच्च़। मनुष्यजातौ तुल्यायां भृत्यत्वम़तिगर्हितं।
Another and, Man-kind (being) equal servitude (is) extremely-despised,
प्रथमो यो न तत्रा़पि स किं जीवत्सु गण्यते॥३९॥
the first who not there even, he (what?) among the living is counted? (39)
तथा चो़क्तं। वाजिवारणलौहानां काष्ठपाषाणवाससां।
Thus and said, Of horses-elephants-metals, of timber-stone-clothes,
नारीपुरुषतोयानामंतरं महद़ंतरं॥४०॥
of women-men-water the difference a great difference. (40).
तथा हि स्वल्पम़प्य़तिरिच्यते।
Thus namely a very-little also is highly valued.
स्वल्पस्नायु वसावशेषमलिनं निर्मांसम़प्य़स्थिकं
Very-few-sinews (having) with fat-remnants-dirty fleshless even small bone
श्वा लब्ध्वापरितोषमे़ति न भवेत्त़स्य क्षुधः शांतये।
a dog having got to contentment goes; not may it be of him of the hunger for the allayment
सिंहो जंबुकम़ंकम़ागतम़पि त्यक्ता निहंति द्विपं
a lion the jackal to his side approached even letting go strikes down the elephant;
सर्वः कृच्छ्रगतोऽपि वांछति जनः सत्त्वानुरूपं फलं॥४१॥
every to straits-come even longs for person his strength-suiting fruit. (41)
अपरं च। सेव्यसेवकयोऱंतरं पश्य।
Another and, of master-and servant the difference behold:
लांगूलचालनम़धश्च़रणावपातं
Tail-wagging, down at the feet-falling,
भूमौ निपत्य वदनोदरदर्शनं चं।
to the ground having fallen face-belly-showing and,
श्वा पिंडदस्य कुरुते गजपुंगवस्तु़
the dog of the food-giver makes; of elephants-an excellent one however
धीरं विलोकयति चाटुशतैश्च़ भुंक्ते॥४२॥
gravely looks, with coaxing-hundreds and eats. (42)
किंच। यज्ज़ीवति क्षणम़पि प्रथितं मनुष्यैः
Moreover, What one lives a moment only celebrated by men,
विज्ञानविक्रमयशोभिऱभज्यमानं।
in wisdom-valour-glory un-scathed,
तन्ऩाम जीवितम़िह प्रवदंति तज्ज्ञाः
that namely life here proclaim the truth-knowers;
काकोऽपि जीवति चिराय बलिं च भुंक्ते॥४३॥
the crow also lives a long while, the oblation and eats. (43)
अपरं च। यो ना़त्मजे न गुरवे न च भृत्यवर्गे
Another and, Who not on a son, not to the instructor, not and on the servantassemblage
दीने दयां न कुरुते न च बंधुवर्गे।
distressed, compassion not bestows, not and on the relation-assemblage,
किं तस्य जीवितफलेन मनुष्यलोके
What of him with the life-fruit in the man-world?
काकोऽपि जीवति चिरं च बलिं च भुंक्ते॥४४॥
the crow also lives a long while and, the oblation and eats. (44)
अपरम़पि। अहितहितविचारशून्यबुद्धेः
Another and, Of the of bad-and good-discrimination-empty-minded,
श्रुतिसमयैर्बहुभिस्तिरस्कृतस्य।
by scripture-laws many reproached,
उदरभरणमात्रकेवलेच्छोः
belly-maintenance-only-merely-wishing,
पुरुषपशोश्च पशोश्च को विशेषः॥४५॥
of the man-beast and, of the beast and what difference? (45)
करटको ब्रूते। आवां तावदप्रधानौ तदाप्यावयोः किमनया
Karataka says: We both, first, are not-premiers; then also of us what with this
विचारणया। दमनको ब्रूते। कियता कालेनामात्याः प्रधानताम्-
reflection? Damanaka says: In how much time (do) ministerspremiership.
प्रधानतां वा लभंते।
not-premiership or obtain?
यतः। न कस्यचित्कश्चिदिह स्वभावात्
For, Not to any one any one here because of his-nature
भवत्युदारोऽभिमतः खलो वा।
is noble considered vile or;
लोके गुरुत्वं विपरीततां वा
in the world to respectability the reverse or
स्वचेष्टितान्येव नरं नयंति॥४६॥
his own-actions merely a man lead. (46)
किंच।आरोप्यते शिला शैले यत्नेन महता यथा।
Moreover, It is elevated a rock on a mountain with effort great as,
निपात्यते क्षणेना़धस्त़था़त्मा गुणदोषयोः॥४७॥
is made to fall in a moment down, thus the soul in virtue-and vice. (47)
यात्यधोऽधो व्रजत्यु़च्चैर्ऩरः स्वैरे़व कर्मभिः।
He goes down down, he goes upwards a man through his own merely actions,
कूपस्य खनिता यद्वत़्प्राकारस्ये़व कारकः॥४८॥
of a well the digger as, of a wall as the builder. (48)
तद्भद्रं। स्वयत्नायत्तो ह्य़ात्मा सर्वस्य।
That (is) good. On one’s own-efforts-dependant indeed ( is) the self of every one.
करटको ब्रूते। अथ भवान्क़िंब्रवीति। स आह। अयं तावत्
Karataka says: Now you what do you say? He says: This then
स्वामी पिंगलकः कुतोऽपि कारणात्स़चकितः परिवृत्यो़पविष्टः।
master Pingalaka from some cause with-trembling having turned back has sat down.
करटको ब्रूते। किं तत्त्वं जानासि। दमनको ब्रूते।
Karataka says: (What?) the truthdost thou know?Damanaka says:
किम़त्रा़विदितम़स्ति। उक्तंच।
What here unknown is? said and:
उदीरितोऽर्थः पशुना़पि गृह्यते
Uttered a thing by an animal even is comprehended,
हयाश्च नागाश्च़ वहंति देशिताः।
horses and elephants and carry (as) directed;
अनुक्तमप्यू़हति पंडितो जनः
the unspoken also guesses a wise man,
परेंगितज्ञानफला हि बुद्धयः॥४९॥
By another’s-gestures-understanding-rewarded indeed (is) intelligence. (49)
आकारैऱिंगितैर्ग़त्या चेष्टया भाषणेन च।
By appearances, by gestures, by the movement, by the action, by conversation and,
नेत्रवक्त्रविकारेण लक्ष्यतेऽंतर्गतं मनः॥५०॥
by eye-and countenance-change is discovered the inward mind. (50)
अत्र भयप्रस्तावे प्रज्ञाबलेना़हमे़नं स्वामिनम़ात्मीयं करिष्यामि।
Here in the fear-occasion by intellect-power I that master my own shall make.
यतः। प्रस्तावसदृशं वाक्यं सद्भावसदृशं प्रियं।
For, To the occasion-conformable speech, to worthiness-conformable love,
आत्मशक्तिसमं कोपं यो जानाति स पंडितः॥५१॥
to his own-strength-equal anger who knows, he wise. (51)
करटको ब्रूते। सखे त्वं सेवानभिज्ञः। पश्य।
Karataka says: Friend, thou with service-unacquainted. Behold,
अनाहूतो विशेद्य़स्तु़ अपृष्टो बहु भाषते।
Uncalled should enter who but, (who) unasked much talks,
आत्मानं मन्यते प्रीतं भूपालस्य स दुर्मतिः॥५२॥
(who) himself thinks beloved of an earth-protector, he of weak-understanding. (52)
दमनको ब्रूते। भद्र कथम़हंसेवानभिज्ञः। पश्य।
Damanaka says: Dear, how I with service-unacquainted? Behold:
किम़प्य़स्ति स्वभावेन सुंदरं वा़प्य़सुंदरं।
Anything is by nature beautiful or also not-beautiful?
यदे़व रोचते यस्मै भवेत्त़त्त़स्य सुंदरं॥५३॥
What indeed is agreeable to some one, it will be that to him beautiful. (53)
यतः। यस्य यस्य हि यो भावस्ते़न तेन हि तं नरं।
For, Of whom so-ever indeed what (is) the character, by that (character) indeed thatman
अनुप्रविश्य मेधावी क्षिप्रम़ात्मवशं नयेत्॥५४॥
insinuating himself the wise quickly into his own-power may lead. (54)
अन्यच्च़। कोऽत्रे़त्य़हम़िति ब्रूयात्स़म्यग़ादेशये़ति च।
Another and, Who there?’ thus (being asked ) ‘I’ thus he should say kindly command’thus and,
आज्ञाम़वितथां कुर्याद्य़थाशक्ति महीपतेः॥५५॥
the command not-futile he should make according to-strength of an earth-lord. (55)
अपरं च। अल्पेच्छुर्धृ़तिमाऩ्प्राज्ञश़्छाये़वा़नुगतः सदा।
Another and, Little-wishing, steady, intelligent, shadow-like attending always,
आदिष्टो न विकल्पेत स राजवसतौ वसेत्॥५६॥
ordered not he will hesitate—he in a king’s dwelling may live. (56)
करटको ब्रूते। कदाचित्त्वाम़नवसरप्रवेशाद़वमन्यते स्वामी।
Karataka says: Sometimes thee for inopportune-intrusion slights the master.
स चा़ह। अस्त्वे़वं तथा़प्य़नुजीविनांस्वामिसांनिध्यम़वश्यं
He and says Be it thus; thus even by an attendant master-attendance necessarily
करणीयं।
to be made.
यतः। दोषभीतेऱनारंभस्त़त्क़ापुरुषलक्षणं।
For, Through fault-fear non-commencement, that of a weak man-the mark;
कैऱजीर्णभयाद्भ्रा़तर्भो़जनं परिहीयते॥५७॥
by whom through indigestion-fear, Oh brother! food is avoided? (57)
पश्य। आसन्नमे़व नृपतिर्भ़जते मनुष्यं
Behold, The approached only a king favours man,
विद्याविहीनम़कुलीनम़संगतं वा।
of knowledge-destitute, unnoble, unconnected or;
प्रायेण भूमिपतयः प्रमदा लताश्च़
Commonly earth-lords, flirts, creepers and,
यः पार्श्वतो वसति तं परिवेष्टयंति॥५८॥
who at the side dwells, him they embrace. (58)
करटको ब्रूते। अथ तत्र गत्वा किं वक्ष्यति भवान्। स आह।
Karataka says: Now there having gone what will say you? He says:
शृणु। किम़नुरक्तो विरक्तो वा मयि स्वामी़ति
Listen. Whether favourable unfavourable or towards me the master, thus
ज्ञास्यामि। करटको ब्रूते। किं तज्ज्ञानलक्षणं। दमनको
I shall learn. Karatakasays:What of that-knowledge-the mark? Damanaka
ब्रूते। शृणु।
says: Listen.
दूराद़वेक्षणं हासः संप्रश्नेष्वा़दरो भृशं।
From afar looking, smiling, in the enquiries attention exceedingly,
परोक्षेऽपि गुणश्लाघा स्मरणं प्रियवस्तुषु॥५९॥
in the absent even virtue-praise, dwelling on agreeable-things. (59)
असेवके चा़नुरक्तिर्द़ानं सप्रियभाषणं।
To (him, when) not-serving also attachment, giving with-kind-words,
अनुरक्तेषु चिह्नानि दोषेऽपि गुणसंग्रहः॥६०॥
in favourable ones (these are) the marks, in a fault even merit-acknowledgment. (60)
अन्यच्च़। कालयापनम़ाशानां वर्धनं फलखंडनं।
Another and Procrastination, of hopes increase, of reward-diminution,
विरक्तेश्वरचिह्नानि जानीयान्म़तिमान्ऩरः॥६१॥
as an unfavourable-master’s-marks should know the intelligent man. (61)
एतज्ज्ञ़ात्वा यथा चा़यं ममा़यत्तो भविष्यति तथा करिष्यामि।
This having learned, that further he on me dependant will be, thus I shall act.
यतः। अपायसंदर्शनजां विपत्तिमु़पायसंदर्शनजां च सिद्धिं।
For, From fault-appearance-produced failure, from artifice-appearance-produced and success,
मेधाविनो नीतिविधिप्रयुक्तां पुरः स्फुरंतीम़िव दर्शयंति॥६२॥
the wise by policy-rules-ordained, in front beaming as it were show. (62)
करटको ब्रूते। तथा़प्य़प्राप्ते प्रस्तावे न वक्तुम़र्हसि।
Karataka says: Thus also, not being obtained an occasion, not to speak thou oughtest.
यतः। अप्राप्तकालवचनं बृहस्पतिऱपि ब्रुवन्।
For, An unseasonable-word Brihaspati also uttering,
प्राप्नुयाद्बु़द्ध्यवज्ञानम़पमानं च शाश्वतं॥६३॥
might obtain understanding-contempt, disgrace and eternal. (63)
दमनको ब्रूते। मित्र मा भैषीः। ना़हम़प्राप्तावसरं वचनं
Damanakasays:Friend,not be afraid, not I an inopportune word
वदिष्यामि।
shall speak.
यतः। आपद्यु़न्मार्गगमने कार्यकालात्ययेषु च।
For, In misfortune, in wrong way-going, in action-time-passing away and,
अपृष्टेना़पि वक्तव्यं भृत्येन हितम़िच्छता॥६४॥
by an unasked even to be spoken, by a servant good wishing. (64)
यदि च प्राप्तावसरेणा़पि मया मंत्रो न वक्तव्यस्त़दा
If and having found-an opportunity even by me counsel not to be spoken, then
मंत्रित्वमे़व ममा़नुपपन्नं।
the counsellorship certainly of me improper.
यतः। कल्पयति येन वृत्तिं येन च लोके प्रशस्यते सद्भिः।
For, He obtains by which a livelihood, through which and in the world he is praised by the good,
स गुणस्ते़न च गुणिना रक्ष्यः संवर्धनीयश्च़॥६५॥
that quality by him and that quality possessing to be guarded, to be improved and. (65)
तद्भ़द्रा़नुजानीहि मां। गच्छामि। करटको ब्रूते। शुभम़स्तु
Therefore, dear, grant leave to me; I go. Karataka says: Prosperous be it;
शिवास्ते़ पंथानः। यथाभिलषितम़नुष्ठीयताम़िति। ततो दमनको
blessed of thee the ways; according to-desire let it be executed’ thus. Then Damanaka
विस्मित इव पिंगलकसमीपं गतः। अथ दूरादे़व सादरं
amazed as it were to Pingalaka’s-proximity gone. Then from afar already with-respect
राज्ञा प्रवेशितः साष्टांगप्रणिपातं प्रणिपत्यो़पविष्टः।
by the king bidden to enter with the eight-limbs-prostration having fallen down sat down.
राजा़ह। चिराद्दृ़ष्टोऽसि। दमनको ब्रूते। यद्य़पि मया
The king says: A long time ago seen thou art. Damanaka says: If even of me
सेवकेन श्रीमद्देवपादानां न किंचित़्प्रयोजनम़स्ति तथा़पि
as attendant of the blessed-Sire’s-feet not any need is, thus even
प्राप्तकालम़नुजीविना सांनिध्यम़वश्यं कर्तव्यम़ित्य़ागतोऽस्मि।
at proper time by an attendant approach necessarily to be made thus come I am.
किंच। दंतस्य निर्घर्षणकेन राजन् कर्णस्य कंडूयनकेन वा़पि।
Moreover, Of a tooth as a picker, O king, of the ear as a tickler or also,
तृणेन कार्यं भवती़श्वराणां किम़ंग वाक्पाणिमता नरेण॥६६॥
for a straw need is of lords, how much more for an of speech-and hand-possessed man? (66)
यद्य़पि चिरेणा़वधीरितस्य देवपादैर्मे़ बुद्धिनाशः शंक्यते
If also since long of the slighted by the Sire’s-feet of me intellect-loss is apprehended,
तद़पि न शंकनीयं।
that also not to be apprehended.
यतः। कदर्थितस्या़पि च धैर्यवृत्तेः
For, Of the contemned even and with resolute-character endowed,
बुद्धेर्व़िनाशो न हि शंकनीयः।
of the intellect loss not indeed to be apprehended,
अधः कृतस्या़पि तनूनपातः
Of the downwards turned also fire
ना़धः शिखा याति कदाचिदे़व॥६७॥
not downwards the flame goes ever indeed. (67)
देव तत्स़र्वथा विशेषज्ञेन स्वामिना भवितव्यं।
Sire, therefore wholly difference-knowing by the lord to be.
यतः। मणिर्लु़ठति पादेषु काचः शिरसि धार्यते।
For A gemrolls on the feet, glass on the head is worn,
यथै़वा़स्ते तथै़वा़स्तां काचः काचो मणिर्म़णिः॥६८॥
as just it sits, thus just let it sit,—glass (is) glass, a gem a gem. (68)
अन्यच्च़। निर्विशेषो यदा राजा समं सर्वेषु वर्तते।
Another and, Without-difference when a king alike to all behaves,
तदो़द्यमसमर्थानामु़त्साहः परिहीयते॥६९॥
then of the exertion-able the energy is lost. (69)
किंच। त्रिविधाः पुरुषा राजन्नु़त्तमाधममध्यमाः।
Moreover, Threefold (are) the men, O king, highest-middling-lowest,
नियोजयेत्त़थै़वै़तांस़्त्रिविधेष्वे़व कर्मसु॥७०॥
he should employ thus also them in threefold verily actions. (70)
यतः। स्थान एव नियोज्यंते भृत्याश्च़ा़भरणानि च।
For, In (their ) place only are employed attendants and, ornaments and,
न हि चूडामणिः पादे नूपुरं शिरसा कृतं॥७१॥
not indeed a crest-jewel on the foot, an ancle-ornament on the head (is) placed. (71)
अपि च। कनकभूषणसंग्रहणोचितो
Also and, A gold-ornament-enclosure-deserving
यदि मणिस़्त्रपुणिप्रणिधीयते।
if a jewel in lead is set,
न स विरौति न चा़पि विशोभते
not that wails, not and also shines,
भवति योजयितुर्व़चनीयता॥७२॥
there is of the setter blamableness. (72)
अन्यच्च। मुकुटे रोपितः काचश्च़रणाभरणे मणिः।
Another and, On a diadem mounted glass, on a foot-ornament a jewel-
न हि दोषो मणेऱस्ति किंतु साधोऱविज्ञता॥७३॥
not certainly a fault of the jewel is, but the merchant’s ignorance. (73)
पश्य। बुद्धिमाऩनुरक्तोऽयम़यंशूर इतो भयं।
Behold, Intelligent attached this one, this one a hero, hence fear’—
इति भृत्यविचारज्ञो भृत्यैऱापूर्यते नृपः॥७४॥
thus of attendants-discrimination-knowing with attendants abounds a prince. (74)
तथा हि। अश्वः शस्त्रं शास्त्रं वीणा वाणी नरश्च़ नारी च।
Thus namely: A horse, a weapon, knowledge, a lute, speech, a man and, a woman and,
पुरुषविशेषं प्राप्य हि भवंति योग्या अयोग्याश्च़॥७५॥
to different-men having come certainly, are useful useless and. (75)
अन्यच्च़। किं भक्तेना़समर्थेन किं शक्तेना़पकारिणा।
Another and, What with an attached unable one? what with an able hostile one?
भक्तं शक्तं च मां राजन्ऩा़वज्ञातुं त्वम़र्हसि॥७६॥
attached able and me, O king, not to despise thou oughtest. (76)
यतः। अवज्ञानाद़्राज्ञो भवति मतिहीनः परिजनः
For, Through the contempt of a king becomes wit-forsaken the attendant,
ततस्त़त्प्रामाण्याद्भ़वति न समीपे बुधजनः।
then because of his-example is not in the proximity a wise-man;
बुधैस्त्य़क्ते राज्ये न हि भवति नीतिर्गुणवती
in a by the wise abandoned kingdom not indeed is policy prosperous,
विपन्नायां नीतौ सकलम़वशं सीदति जगत्॥७७॥
failing the policy, the whole ungoverned sinks world. (77)
अपरं च। जनं जनपदा नित्यम़र्चयंति नृपार्चितं।
Another and, A man the people constantly honour (who is) by the prince-honoured,
नृपेणा़वमतो यस्तु स सर्वैऱवमन्यते॥७८॥
by the prince despised who but, he by all is despised. (78)
किंच। बालाद़पि ग्रहीतव्यं युक्तमु़क्तं मनीषिभिः।
Moreover, From a child even to be received a proper word by wise men,
रवेऱविषये किं न प्रदीपस्य प्रकाशनं॥७९॥
in the Sun’s absence (is) not of a lamp illumination? (79)
पिंगलकोऽवदत्। भद्र दमनक किमे़तत्। त्वम़स्मदीयप्रधानामा-
Pingalaka said: Dear Damanaka, what this? Thou of our-prime-minister-
त्यपुत्र इयंतं कालं यावत्कुतोऽपि खलवाक्यान्ऩा़गतो
the son so long a time since, because of some malignant-talk, not approached
ऽसि। इदानीं यथाभिमतं ब्रूहि। दमनको ब्रूते। देव पृच्छामि
thou art. Now as-desired speak. Damanaka says: Sire, I ask,
किंचिदु़च्यतां। उदकार्थी स्वामी पानीयम़पीत्वा किम़िति
something may be told: for water-longing the lord water not-having drunk why thus
विस्मित इव तिष्ठति। पिंगलकोऽवदत्। भद्रमु़क्तं त्वया। किंत्वे़-
amazed as it were stands? Pingalaka said: Well spoken by thee. However
तद़्रहस्यं वक्तुं काचिद्व़िश्वासभूमिर्ऩा़स्ति। तथा़पि निभृतं कृत्वा
this secret to tell any confidence-place not is. Thus even, secretly doing.
कथयामि। शृणु। संप्रति वनम़िदम़पूर्वसत्त्वाधिष्ठितम़तोऽस्माकं
I tell. Listen: At present forest this by strange-being-inhabited, therefore for us
त्याज्यं। अनेन हेतुना विस्मितोऽस्मि। तथा च श्रुतो मया़पि
to be left. For this reason amazed I am. Thus and heard by mealso
महाऩपूर्वशब्दः। शब्दानुरूपेणा़स्य प्राणिनो महता बलेन
a loud strange-voice. With the voice-corresponding of that creature great the strength
भवितव्यं। दमनको ब्रूते। देव अस्ति तावद़यंमहान्भ़यहेतुः। स
must be. Damanaka says: Sire, it is indeed this a great fear-cause. That
शब्दोऽस्माभिऱप्य़ाकर्णितः। किंतु स किं मंत्री यः प्रथमं
voice by us also heard. However (is) he (what?) a counsellor, who first
भूमित्यागं पश्चाद्यु़द्धं चोपदिशति। अस्मिन्क़ार्यसंदेहे भृत्यानामु़-
place-abandonment, afterwards war and advises? In this action-doubt of the attendants-
पयोग एव ज्ञातव्यः।
the use verily to be learnt.
यतः। बंधुस्त्रीभृत्यवर्गस्य बुद्धेः सत्त्वस्य चा़त्मनः।
For, Of the relation-women-attendant-class, of the intelligence, of the strength and of himself,
आपन्निकषपाषाणे नरो जानाति सारतां॥८०॥
on the misfortune-touchstone a man learns the worth. (80)
सिंहो ब्रूते। भद्र महती शंका मां बाधते। दमनकः पुनऱाह
The lion says: Dear, a great apprehension me strikes. Damanaka again says
स्वगतं। अन्यथा राज्यसुखं परित्यज्य स्थानांतरं गंतुं कथं मां
to himself: Otherwise the royalty-pleasure giving up to another place to go how me
संभाषसे। प्रकाशं ब्रूते। देव यावद़हं जीवामि तावद्भ़यं न
thou tell’st? Aloud he says: Sire, as long as I live so long fear not
कर्तव्यं। किंतु करटकादयोऽप्य़ाश्वास्यंतां यस्माद़ापत्प्रतीकारकाले
to be made. However Karataka &c. also may be encouraged, for at misfortune-averting-time
दुर्लभः पुरुषसमवायः। ततस्त़ौदमनककरटकौ
difficult-to be got a man-combination. Then those two Damanaka-and Karataka
राज्ञा सर्वस्वेना़पि पूजितौ भयप्रतीकारं प्रतिज्ञाय चलितौ।
by the king with every-gift also honoured fear-remedy having promised gone.
करटको गच्छन्द़मनकम़ाह। सखे किं शक्यप्रतीकारो भयहेतुऱ-
Karataka going to Damanaka says: Friend, how, of possible-remedy the fear-cause,
शक्यप्रतीकारो वे़ति न ज्ञात्वा भयोपशमं प्रतिज्ञाय कथम़यं
of impossible-remedy or, thus not knowing fear-allayment having promised how this
महाप्रसादो गृहीतः। यतोऽनुपकुर्वाणो न कस्याप्यु़पायनं
great-favour obtained? For one not-helping not ofany onea present
गृह्णीयाद्व़िशेषतो राज्ञः।
should receive, especially of a king:
पश्य। यस्य प्रसादे पद्मा़स्ते विजयश्च़ पराक्रमे।
Behold, In whose favour Fortune resides, victory and in the attack,
मृत्युश्च़ वसति क्रोधे सर्वतेजोमयो हि सः॥८१॥
death and dwells in the anger—all-splendour-containing indeed he. (81)
तथा हि। बालोऽपि ना़वमंतव्यो मनुष्य इति भूमिपः।
Thus for, (As) a child even not to be contemned a man (he is) thusa king;
महती देवता ह्ये़षा नररूपेण तिष्ठति॥८२॥
a great goddess for that with man-form stands. (82)
दमनको विहस्या़ह। मित्र तूष्णीम़ास्यतां। ज्ञातं मया भयकारणं।
Damanaka laughing says: Friend, quiet remain, Known by me the fear-cause.
बलीवर्दनर्दितं तत्। वृषभाश्च़ा़स्माकम़पि भक्ष्याः किं पुनः
Of a bull-the roaring that. Oxen and for us even to be eaten, how much more
सिंहस्य। करटको ब्रूते। यद्ये़वं तदा किं पुनः स्वामित्रासस्
for a lion. Karataka says: If (it is) thus, then why again the master’s-fear
तत्रैव किम़िति ना़पनीतः। दमनको ब्रूते। यदि स्वामित्रासस्त़त्रै़व
there even why thus not led away? Damanaka says: If the master’s-fear there even
मुच्यते तदा कथम़यं महाप्रसादलाभः स्यात्।
is loosened, then how this great-favour-obtainment would be?
अपरं च। निरपेक्षो न कर्तव्यो भृत्यैः स्वामी कदाचन।
Another and, Free from-solicitude not to be made by attendants a master at any time,
निरपेक्षं प्रभुं कृत्वा भृत्यः स्याद्द़धिकर्णवत्॥८३॥
free from-solicitude the lord having made, the attendant might be Dadhikarṇa-like. (83)
करटकः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। दमनकः कथयति। अस्त्यु़त्तरापथे
Karataka asks: How that? Damanaka relates: There is on the north-road
ऽर्बुदशिखरनाम्नि पर्वते दुर्दांतो नाम महाविक्रमः सिंहः।
on an Arbuda-peak-named mountain Durdânta by name of great-valoura lion.
तस्य पर्वतकंदरम़धिशयानस्य केशराग्रंकश्चिन्मू़षिकः प्रत्यहं
Of him on a mountain-cave sleeping the mane-tip some mousedaily
छिनत्ति। ततः केशराग्रंलूनं दृष्ट्वा कुपितो विवरांतर्गतं
nibbles. Then the mane-tip cuthaving seen, enraged,the hole-entered
मूषिकम़लभमानोऽचिंतयत्।
mouse not-catching he thought :
क्षुद्रशत्रुर्भ़वेद्य़स्तु़ विक्रमान्ऩै़व लभ्यते।
A small-enemy should be who but, through valour not indeed he is caught,
तम़ाहंतुं पुरस्कार्यः सदृशस्त़स्य सैनिकः॥८४॥
him to slay to be employed (is) similar to him a combatant. (84)
इत्य़ालोच्य तेन ग्रामं गत्वा विश्वासं कृत्वा
Thus haying reflected, by him, to the village having gone, confidence having made,
दधिकर्णनामा विडालो यत्नेना़नीय मांसाहारं दत्त्वा
Dadhikarṇa-named a cat, with difficulty having led near, meat-food having given
स्वकंदरे स्थापितः। अनंतरं तद्भयान्मू़षिकोऽपि बिलान्न
in his-cave placed. Thereupon of that-through fear the mouse also from the hole not
निःसरति। तेना़सौ सिंहोऽक्षतकेशरः सुखं स्वपिति। मूषिकशब्दं
goes out. Thereby that lion with unhurt-mane pleasantly sleeps. The mouse’s-voice
यदा यदा शृणोति तदा तदा मांसाहारदानेन तं विडालं संवर्धयति।
when when he hears, then then with meat-food-giving that cat he regales.
अथै़कदा स मूषिकः क्षुधापीडितो वहिः संचरन्व़िडालेन प्राप्तो
Now one-day that mouse with hunger-pained out coming by the catcaught
व्यापादितश्च़। अनंतरं स सिंहोऽनेककालं यावन्मू़षिकं न
killed and. Thereupon that lion many-times while the mousenot
पश्यति तत्कृतरावम़पि न शृणोति तदा तस्या़नुपयोगाद्
he sees, the by it-made-sound also not hears, then of her because of the uselessness
विडालस्या़प्य़ाहारदाने मंदादरो बभूव। ततोऽसाव़ाहारविरहाद्
of the cat also for the food-giving little-caring he was. Then that through food-want
दुर्बलो दधिकर्णोऽवसन्नो बभूव। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। निरपेक्षो
strengthless Dadhikarna away-pining was. Therefore I say: Free from solicitude
न कर्तव्य इत्यादि। ततो दमनककरटको संजीवकसमीपं गतौ।
not to be made &c. Then Damanaka-and Karataka Sañjîvaka-near gone.
तत्र करटकस्त़रूतले साटोपमु़पविष्टः। दमनकः संजीवकसमीपं
There Karataka at a tree-foot with-pride seated. Damanaka Sañjîvaka-near
गत्वा़ब्रवीत्। अरे वृषभ एषोऽहं राज्ञा पिंगलकेना़रण्यरक्षार्थं
having gone said: Ho bull, this I by king Pingalaka for the wood-protection
नियुक्तः। सेनापतिः करटकः समाज्ञापयति। सत्वरम़ागच्छ न
appointed. General Karataka commands: With-haste approach;not
चेद़स्माद़रण्याद्दू़रम़पसर। अन्यथा ते विरुद्धं फलं भविष्यति।
if, from this wood far away-go! Otherwise for the disagreeable the result will be.
न जाने क्रुद्धः स्वामी किं विधास्यति। तच़्छ्रुत्वा संजीवकश्च़ायात्।
Not do I know, the enraged lord what will do. That having heard Sañjîvaka also came near.
आज्ञाभंगो नरेंद्राणां ब्राह्मणानाम़नादरः।
Command-breaking of man-kings of Brahmans disrespect,
पृथक्शय्याच नारीणाम़शस्त्रविहितो वधः॥८५॥
a separate-bed and of women (is) not-a weapon-inflicted death. (85)
ततो देशव्यवहारानभिज्ञः संजीवकः सभयमु़पसृत्य
Then of the country-customs-ignorant Sañjvaka with-fearhaving approached
साष्टांगपातं करटकं प्रणतवान्। तथा चो़क्तं।
with of the eight-limbs-prostration Karataka saluted. Thus and said:
मतिरे़व बलाङ्ग़रीयसी यदभावे करिणाम़ियं दशा।
Wit indeed than strength stronger, of which-in default of elephants this the state;’
इति घोषयती़व डिंडिमः करिणो हस्तिपकाहतः क्वणन्॥८६॥
thus proclaims, as it were, the drum of the elephant by the driver-beaten sounding. (86)
अथ संजीवकः साशंकम़ाह। सेनापते किं मया कर्तव्यं।
Now Sañjîvaka with-apprehension says: General, what by me to be done?
तद़भिधीयतां। करटको ब्रूते। वृषभ अत्र कानने तिष्ठसि।
That let be told. Karataka says: Bull, here in the forest thou remainest.
अस्मद्देवपादारविंदं प्रणम। संजीवको ब्रूते। तद़भयवाचं मे यच्छ।
Before our-lord’s-foot-lotus bow. Sañjîvaka says: Then the safety-word to me give.
गच्छामि। करटको ब्रूते। शृणु रे बलीवर्द। अलम़नया शंकया।
I go. Karataka says: Listen, 0 bull! Enough with this apprehension.
यतः। प्रतिवाचम़दत्त केशवः शपमानाय न चेदिभूभुजे।
For, A reply gave Keśava to the cursing not Chedi-king8,
अनुहुंकुरुते घनध्वनिं न हि गोमायुरुतानि केशरी॥८७॥
(he) roars a reply to the cloud’s-sound, not indeed to the jackal’s-yells, the lion. (87)
अन्यच्च़। तृणानि नो़न्मूलयति प्रभंजनो
Another and, Grasses not roots up the hurricane
मुटूनि नीचैः प्रणतानि सर्वतः।
soft-ones lowly bending to all sides
समुच्छ्रिताने़व तरूऩ्प्रबाधते
upraised only trees it slays down.
महान्म़हत्ये़व करोति विक्रमं॥८८॥
The great against the great only exercises his valour. (88)
ततस्त़ौसंजीवकं कियद्दूरे संस्थाप्य पिंगलकसमीपं गतौ। ततो
Then those two Sañjîvaka at some-distance having placed Piṅgalaka-near gone. Then
राज्ञा सादरम़वलोकितौ प्रणम्योपविष्टौ। राजा़ह। त्वया
by the king with-respect looked upon, having bowed, seated. The king says: By thee
स दृष्टः। दमनको ब्रूते। देव दृष्टः। किंतु यद्दे़वेन ज्ञातं
that one seen? Damanaka says: Sire, seen. However what by Your Majesty imagined,
तत्तथा। महाने़वा़सौ। देवं द्रष्टुम़िच्छति। किंतु महाबलो
that thus. Great indeed he. The lord to see he wishes. But of great-strength
ऽसौ ततः सज्जीभूयोपविश्य दृश्यतां। शब्दमात्रादे़व
he; therefore being-prepared, having sat down, he may be seen. From the mere-sound only
न भेतव्यं। तथा चोक्तं।
not to be feared. Thus and said:
शब्दमात्रान्ऩ भेतव्यम़ज्ञात्वा शब्दकारणं।
From the sound-merely not to be feared, not-having ascertained the sound-cause;
शब्दहेतुं परिज्ञाय कुट्टनी गौरवं गता॥८९॥
the sound-cause having discovered the procuress to respectability gone. (89)
राजाह। कथमे़तत्। दमनकः कथयति। अस्ति श्रीपर्वतमध्ये
The king says: How that? Damanaka relates: There is in the Śrî-parvata-midst
ब्रह्मपुराख्यं नगरं। तच्छिखरप्रदेशे घंटाकर्णो नाम राक्षसः
Brahmapura-named a town. Of it-in the summit-region Ghaṇṭâkarṇa by name a goblin
प्रतिवसती़ति जनप्रवादः श्रूयते। एकदा घंटाम़ादाय
resides’ thus of the people-a report is heard. One day, a bell having stolen
पलायमानः कश्चिच्च़ौरो व्याघ्रेण व्यापादितः। तत्पाणिपतिता
running away some thief by a tiger killed. From his-hands-fallen
घंटा वानरैः प्राप्ता। वानरास़्तांघंटाम़नुक्षणं वादयंति।
the bell by monkeys seized. The monkeys that bell perpetually cause to sound.
ततो नगरजनैः स मनुष्यः खादितो दृष्टः प्रतिक्षणं घंटारवश्च़
Then by the towns-people that man eaten seen, perpetually the bell-ringing and
श्रूयते। अनंतरं घंटाकर्णः कुपितो मनुष्यान्ख़ादति घंटाश्च़
is heard. Thereupon ‘Ghaṇṭâkarṇa enraged men eats,bells and
वादयती़त्युक्त्वासर्वे जना नगरात्प़लायिताः। ततः
causes to sound,’ thus having said all people from the town gone away. Then
करालया नाम कुट्टन्या विमृश्या़नवसरोऽयं घंटावादस्
by Karâlâby name a procuress, having reflected, inopportune this bell-sounding ;
तत्क़िंमर्कटा घंटां वादयंती़ति स्वयं विज्ञाय
that what? monkeys a bell cause to sound’ thus by herself having discovered,
राजा विज्ञापितः। देव यदि कियद्धनोपक्षयः क्रियते तदाहमे़नं
the king (was) informed: Sire, if some-money-outlay is made, then I that
घंटाकर्णं साधयामि। ततो राज्ञा तस्यै धनं दत्तं कुट्टन्या च
Ghaṇṭâkarṇa settle. Then by the king to her money given, by the procuress and
मंडलं कृत्वा तत्र गणेशादिपूजागौरवं दर्शयित्वा स्वयं
a circle having made, there of Gaṇeśa-&c.-worship-veneration having shown, herself
वानरप्रियफलान्य़ादाय वनं प्रविश्य फलान्य़ाकीर्णानि।
to monkeys-dear-fruits having taken the forest having entered, the fruits. (were) scattered.
ततो घंटां परित्यज्य वानराः फलासक्ता बभूवुः
Then the bell having abandoned the monkeys by the fruits-attractedbecame,
कुट्टनी च घंटां गृहीत्वा नगरम़ागता सर्वजनपूज्या़भवत्।
the procuress and the bell having seized, to the town gone by every body-honoured was.
अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। शब्दमात्रान्ऩ भेतव्यम़ित्यादि। ततः संजीवक
Therefore I say: From the sound-merely not to be feared &c. Then Sañjîvaka,
आनीय दर्शनं कारितः। पश्चात्त़त्रै़व
having led (him) near, appearance to make (was) caused. Afterwards there also
परमप्रीत्या निवसति। अथ कदाचित्त़स्य सिंहस्य भ्राता
in utmost-friendship he dwells. Now some day of thatlion the brother
स्तब्धकर्णनामा सिंहः समागतः। तस्या़तिथ्यं कृत्वा
Stabdhakarna-named a lion arrived. Of him hospitality having made,
समुपवेश्य पिंगलकस्त़दाहाराय पश्रुं हंतुं चलितः।
having caused (him) to sit down, Piṅgalaka for his-meal a beast to kill started.
अत्रा़ातरे संजीवको वदति। देव अद्य हतमृगाणां मांसानि क्व।
There meanwhile Sañjîvaka says: Sire, to-day of the killed-deer the flesh where?
राजा़ह। दमनककरटकौ जानीतः। संजीवको ब्रूते। ज्ञायतां
The king says: Damanaka and Karataka know. Sañjîvaka says: Let it be ascertained,
किम़स्ति ना़स्ति वा। सिंहो विमृश्या़ह। ना़स्त्ये़वतत्।
whether there is, not is or. The lion reflecting says: Not is there indeed that.
संजीवको ब्रूते। कथमे़तावन्म़ांसं ताभ्यां खादितं। राजा़ह।
Sañjîvaka says: How so much meat by those two eaten? The king says:
खादितं व्ययितम़वधीरितं च। प्रत्यहमे़ष क्रमः। संजीवको ब्रूते।
Eaten, squandered, wasted and. Daily this the course.Sañjîvaka Bays :
कथं श्रीमद्देवपादानाम़गोचरेणै़वं क्रियते। राजा़ह।
How of the blessed-lord’s-feet without-the knowledge thus is done? The king says:
मदीयागोचरेणै़व क्रियते। अथ संजीवको ब्रूते। नैतदु़चितं।
Without my-knowledge certainly it is done. Now Sañjîvaka says: Not this proper.
तथा चो़क्तं।
Thus and said:
ना़निवेद्य प्रकुर्वीत भर्तुः किंचिद़पि स्वयं।
Not without-informing should he begin of a master anything whatever by himself
कार्यम़ापत्प्रतीकाराद़न्यत्रजगतीपते॥९०॥
business, a misfortune-remedy excepted, O earth-lord! (90)
अन्यच्च़। कमंडलूपमोऽमात्यस्त़नुत्यागो बहुग्रहः।
Another and, An ascetic’s pot-resembling (is) a minister little-letting out, much-taking in;
नृपते किंक्षणो मूर्खो दरिद्रः किंवराटकः॥९१॥
O king, What (is) a moment’ (is) a fool; poor (is) ’ What (is) - a penny?’ (91)
स ह्य़मात्यः सदा श्रेयान्क़ाकिनीं यः प्रवर्धयेत्।
That certainly minister (is) always better, a Kâkinîwho might increase;
कोषः कोषवतः प्राणाः प्राणाः प्राणा न भूपतेः॥९२॥
the treasury (is) of the treasury-possessor the life, the life the life not of a king. (92)
किंचा़न्यैर्न कुलाचारैः सेव्यतामे़ति पूरुषः।
Moreover, through other not family-observances to respectability goes a man,
धनहीनः स्वपत्न्या़पि त्यज्यते किं पुनः परैः॥९३॥
of wealth-deprived by his-wife even he is forsaken, how much more by others! (93)
एतच्च़ राज्ञः प्रधानं दूषणं।
This and of a king the chief blame:
अतिव्ययोऽनवेक्षा च तथार्जनम़धर्मतः।
Excessive-expenditure, want-of inspection and, likewise acquisition through injustice,
पोषणं दूरसंस्थानां कोषव्यसनमु़च्यते॥९४॥
support of the far away-living, treasury-destruction is called. (94)
यतः। क्षिप्रम़ायम़नालोच्य व्ययमानः स्ववांछया।
For, Speedily, his income not-considering, squandering according to his-inclination,
परिक्षीयत एवा़सौ धनी वैश्रवणोपमः॥९५॥
is ruined certainly that rich man (at first) Vaiśravaṇa9 like. (95)
स्तब्धकर्णो ब्रूते। शृणु भ्रातः। चिराश्रितावे़तौ दमनककरटकौ।
Stabdhakarṇa says: Listen, brother. Old-dependants (are) these Damanaka and Karataka.
संधिविग्रहकार्याधिकारिणौ च कदाचिद़र्थाधिकारे न
Of peace-and war-the affairs-superintending besides ever in the treasury-superintendence not
नियोक्तव्यौ। अपरं च नियोगप्रस्तावे यन्म़या श्रुतं तत्क़थ्यते।
to be appointed. Besides and, on the appointment-subject what by me heard that is (now)told:
ब्राह्मणः क्षत्रियो बंधुर्ऩा़धिकारे प्रशस्यते।
A Brahman, a soldier, a relative not in office is approved of;
ब्राह्मणः सिद्धम़प्य़र्थं कृच्छ्रेणा़पि न यच्छति॥९६॥
the Brahman ready even money under pressure even not grants. (96)
नियुक्तः क्षत्रियो द्रव्ये खड्गंदर्शयते ध्रवं।
Appointed a soldier at the treasure a sword shows assuredly;
सर्वस्वं ग्रसते बंधुराक्रम्य ज्ञातिभावतः॥९७॥
all the property swallows a relative, encroaching on account of his relationship. (97)
अपराधेऽपि निःशको नियोगी चिरसेवकः।
In an offence even (is) fearless as official an old-servant,
स स्वामिनम़वज्ञाय चरेच्च़ निरवग्रहः॥९८॥
he (his) master despising will conduct himself likewise without-restraint. (98)
उपकर्ता़धिकारस्य स्वापराधं न मन्यते।
A benefactor of an office his own-fault not minds,
उपकारं ध्वजीकृत्य सर्वमे़वा़वलुंपति॥९९॥
the service his banner-making everything indeed he plunders. (99)
उपांशुक्रीडितोऽमात्यः स्वयं राजायते यतः।
A private-playfellow as minister himself he plays the king because,
अवज्ञा क्रियते तेन सदा परिचयाद्ध्रु़वं॥१००॥
contempt is shown by him always on account of his intimacy certainly. (100)
अंतर्दुष्टः क्षमायुक्तः सर्वानर्थकरः किल।
One inwardly-corrupt with patience-endowed (is) every-evil-perpetrating in truth;
शकुनिः शकटारश्च़ दृष्टांताव़त्र भूपते॥१०१॥
Śakuni10Śakatâra11and (are) two examples here, O earth-lord. (101)
सदा़मात्यो न साध्यः स्यात्स़मृद्धः सर्व एव हि।
Always minister not to be made should be prosperous any certainly indeed;
सिद्धानाम़यम़ादेश ऋद्धिश्च़ित्तविकारिणी॥१०२॥
of the experienced this a maxim, ‘prosperity (is) mind-perverting.’ (102)
प्राप्तार्थग्रहणं द्रव्यपरीवर्तोऽनुरोधनं।
Of obtained-money-the appropriation, money-exchange, compliance,
उपेक्षा बुद्धिहीनत्वं भोगोऽमात्यस्य दूषणं॥१०३॥
inattention, judgment-want, enjoyment of a minister the blame. (103)
नियोगार्थग्रहोपायो राज्ञां नित्यपरीक्षणं।
Of a command-the object-seizure-expedient (is) of kings constant-supervision,
प्रतिपत्तिप्रदानं च तथा कर्मविपर्ययः॥१०४॥
assent-giving and (is) likewise action-perversion. (104)
निपीडिता वमंत्यु़च्चैऱंतःसारं महीपते।
(Only when) squeezed do they discharge upwards (their ) inward-juice, O earth-lord!
दुष्टव्रणा इव प्रायो भवंति हि नियोगिनः॥१०५॥
bad-tumours like commonly are indeed officers. (105)
मुहुर्ऩियोगिनो बोध्या वसुधाया महीपते।
Repeatedly (are) officials to be examined, of the earth 0 king!
सकृत्क़िंपीडितं स्नानवस्त्रं मुंचेद्द्रु़तं पयः॥१०६॥
once (what?) wrung a bathing-dress does it let out quickly the water? (106)
एतत्स़र्वं यथावसरं ज्ञात्वा व्यवहर्तव्यं। सिंहो ब्रूते। अस्ति
This all according to-the occasion knowing one ought to act. The lion says:It is
तावदे़वं किंत्वे़तौ सर्वथा न मम वचनकारिणौ। स्तब्धकर्णो
certainly thus, however these two in every way not of me the word-doing. Stabdhakarṇa
ब्रूते। एतत्स़र्वम़नुचितं सर्वथा।
says: This all improper wholly.
यतः। आज्ञाभंगकरान्ऩाजा न क्षमेत्स्व़सुताऩपि।
For, Command-breach-committing a king not should tolerate his-sons even;
विशेषः को न राज्ञश्च़ राज्ञश्च़ित्रगतस्य च॥१०७॥
the difference what else of a king and, of a king painted and? (107)
स्तब्धस्य नश्यति यशो विषमस्य मैत्री
Of the indolent perishes the fame, of the dishonest the friendship,
नष्टेंद्रियस्य कुलम़र्थपरस्य धर्मः।
of one whose senses-are gone the family, of the wealth-seeking the virtue,
विद्याफलं व्यसनिनः कृपणस्य सौख्यं
the knowledge-fruit of the vicious, of the miser the happiness,
राज्यं प्रमत्तसचिवस्य नराधिपस्य॥१०८॥
the sovereignty of a careless-ministers having man-ruler. (108)
अपरं च। तस्करेभ्यो नियुक्तेभ्यः शत्रुभ्यो नृपवल्लभात्।
Another and, From thieves, from (his) officers, from enemies, from a king’s-favourite,
नृपतिर्ऩिजलोभाच्च़ प्रजा रक्षेत्प़िते़व हि॥१०९॥
a king from his own-greediness likewise the subjects should protect father-like truly. (109)
भ्रातः सर्वथा़स्मद्वचनं क्रियतां। व्यवहारोऽप्य़स्माभिः कृत एव।
Brother, wholly our-word let be done. Administration also by us made indeed.
अयं संजीवकः शस्यभक्षकोऽर्थाधिकारे नियुज्यतां।
This Sañjîvaka grain-eating for the provision-superintendence may be appointed.
एतद्वचनात्त़था़नुष्ठिते सति तद़ारभ्य पिंगलकसंजीवकयोः
According to his-word thus arranged being thence beginning of Piṅgalaka-and Sañjîvaka
सर्वबंधुपरित्यागेन महता स्नेहेन कालोऽतिवर्तते। ततो
with all-relations’-relinquishment with great affection time passes away. Thereupon
ऽनुजीविनाम़प्य़ाहारदाने शैथिल्यदर्शनाद्द़मनककरटकाव-
of the dependants also in the food-giving through slackness-perception Dam.-and Kar.
न्योन्यं चिंतयतः। तदाह दमनकः करटकं। मित्र किं कर्तव्यं।
with one-other reflect. Then says Dam. to Kar. Friend, what (is) to be done?
आत्मकृतोऽयं दोषः। स्वयंकृतेऽपि दोषे
By ourselves-committed this fault. In a by oneself-committed also fault
परिदेवनम़प्य़नुचितं। तथा चो़क्तं।
complaining also improper. Thus and said:
स्वर्णरेखाम़हं स्पृष्ट्वा बद्ध्वा़त्मानं च दूतिका।
SvarṇarekhâI having touched, having bound herself and the female messenger,
आदित्सुश्च़ मणिं साधुः स्वदोषाद्दु़ःखिता इमे॥११०॥
wishing to steal and a jewel the merchant,—through their own-fault suffered these. (110)
करटको ब्रूते। कथमे़तत्। दमनकः कथयति। अस्ति कां-
Karataka says: How (was) that? Damanaka relates: There is in the Kâñ-
चनपुरनाम्नि नगरे वीरविक्रमो राजा। तस्य धर्माधिकारिणा
chanapura-named town Viravikrama a king. Of him by the law-officer
कश्चिन्नापितो बध्यभूमिं नीयमानः कंदर्पकेतुनाम्नापरिब्राजकेन
some barber to the execution-place being led by a Kandarpaketu-named mendicant
साधुद्वितीयकेन ना़यं हंतव्य इत्यु़क्त्वा
who had a merchant-as companion, ’not he to be killed’ thus having said
वस्त्रांचले धृतः। राजपुरुषा ऊचुः। किम़िति ना़यं बध्यः।
by the garment-skirt held. The king’s-men said: Why thus not he to be killed?
स आह। श्रूयतां। स्वर्णरेखाम़हं स्पृष्ट्वे़त्यादि पठति।
He says: Let there be listened. SvarṇarekhâI having touched &c. he recites.
त आहुः। कथमे़तत्। परिव्राजकः कथयति। अहं सिंहलद्वीपे
They say: How that? The mendicant relates: I in Siṁhala-dvîpa
भूपतेर्ज़ीमूतकेतोः पुत्रः कंदर्पकेतुर्ऩाम। एकदा केलिकानना-
of the king Jimûta-ketu the son, Kandarp. by name. One day in the pleasure-garden-
वस्थितेन मया पोतवणिङ्मुखाच्छ्रु़तं यद़त्र समुद्रमध्ये
sojourning by me from a boat-merchant’s-mouth heard, that there in the ocean-midst
चतुर्दश्याम़ाविर्भूतकल्पतरुतले रत्नावलीकिरणकर्बुरपर्यंके
on the fourteenth (dayof the month)at an appearing-kalpatree’s-foot on a with gem-rows’-lustre-varie-gated-couch
स्थिता सर्वालंकारभूषिता लक्ष्मीऱिव वीणां वादयंती कन्या
resting with all-ornaments-decorated Lakshmî-like, a lute playingmaiden
काचिद्दृश्यत इति। ततोऽहं पोतवणिजम़ादाय पोतम़ारुह्य
some is seen thus. Then I the boat-merchant having taken, the boat having-ascended
तत्र गतः। अनंतरं तत्र गत्वा पर्यंकेऽर्धमग्ना तथै़व
there gone. Afterwards there having gone, on a couch half-immersed thus verily
सावलोकिता। ततस्तल्लावण्यगुणाकृष्टेन मया़पि तत्पश्चाज्फ़ंपो
she perceived. Then by her-beauty-excellence-attracted by me also her-after a jump
दत्तः। तदनंतरं कनकपत्तनं प्राप्य सुवर्णप्रासादे तथै़व
made. Thereupon a golden-city having reached in a golden-palace thus verily
पर्यंके स्थिता विद्याधरीभिरु़पास्यमाना मया़लोकिता तया़प्य़हं
on a couch resting, by fairiesattended by me seen, by her also I,
दूरादे़व दृष्ट्वा सखीं प्रस्थाप्य सादरं संभाषितः।
from afar already seeing (me), a female friend having despatched, with-courtesy addressed.
तत्सख्या च मया पृष्टया समाख्यातं। एषा कंदर्पकेलिनाम्नो
By her-friend and, (being) by me asked, (it was) told: She of the Kandarp.-named
विद्याधरचक्रवर्तिनः पुत्री रत्नमंजरी नाम प्रतिज्ञापिता विद्यते।
fairy-king the daughter Ratnamañjarîby name (as) having been made to is known:promise
यः कनकपत्तनं स्वचक्षुषा़गत्य पश्यति स एव
Who the golden-city with his own-eye having approached sees, he verily
पितुऱगोचरोऽपि मां परिणेष्यती़ति मनसः संकल्पः।
of (my) father unbeknown even me shall wed, thus (is) (my) mind’s determination.
तदे़नां गंधर्वविवाहेन परिणयतु भवान्। अथ तत्र वृत्ते
Therefore her by the Gandharva-marriage may wed you. Now there, (having) taken place
गंधर्वविवाहे तया सह रममाणस्त़त्रा़हं तिष्ठामि। तत एकदा
the Gandharva-marriage, her with delighting myself there I stay. Then one day
रहसि तयो़क्तं। स्वामिन्स्वे़च्छया सर्वम़िदमु़पभोक्तव्यमे़षा
in private by her told: Husband, at your-desire all this to be enjoyed, this
चित्रगता स्वर्णरेखा नाम विद्याधरी न कदाचित़्स्प्रष्टव्या। पश्चादु़-
painted Svarṇarekhâby name fairy not ever to be touched. Afterwards
पजातकौतुकेन मया स्वर्णरेखा स्वहस्तेन स्पृष्टा तया चित्रगतया़-
with excited-curiosity by me Svarṇarekhâwith my-hand touched, by her, painted
प्य़हं चरणपद्मेन ताडित आगत्य स्वराष्ट्रे पतितः।
although, I with the foot-lotus kicked having come near in my-dominion fallen down.
अथ दुःखार्तोऽहं परिव्रजितः पृथिवीं परिभ्राम्यन्ऩिमां
Now grief-pained I having become mendicant the earth about-roaming this
नगरीम़नुप्राप्तः। अत्र चा़तिक्रांते दिवसे गोपगृहे सुप्तः
city reached. Here and, having passed the day, in a cowherd’s-house fallen asleep
सन्ऩपश्यं। प्रदोषसमये सुहृदां पालनं कृत्वा
being I saw. At evening-time of (his) friends entertainment having made
स्वगेहम़ागतो गोपः स्ववधूं दूत्या सह किम़पि
to his own-house approached the cowherd his-wife a messenger with about something
मंत्रयंतीम़पश्यत्। ततस्त़ांगोपीं ताडयित्वा स्तंभे बद्ध्वा
deliberating saw. Then that cowherdess having beaten, to a post having fastened,
सुप्तः। ततोऽर्धरात्र एतस्य नापितस्य वधूर्दू़ती पुनस्त़ां
fallen asleep. Then at mid-night of this barber the wife as messenger again that
गोपीमुपेता़वदत्। तव विरहानलदग्धोऽसौ
cowherdess approaching said. Of thee with the separation-fire-burnt that one
स्मरशरजर्जरितो मुमूर्षुऱिव वर्तते। तथा चो़क्तं।
by the love-arrows-pierced going to die almost is. Thus and said:
रजनीचरनाथेन खंडिते तिमिरे निशि।
By the ghosts’-lord (moon) being divided darkness at night,
यूनां मनांसि विव्याध दृष्ट्वा दृष्ट्वा मनोभवः॥१११॥
of the young the hearts has pierced, seeing seeing (them), the mind born (love). (111)
तस्य तादृशीम़वस्थाम़वलोक्य परिक्लिष्टमनास्त्व़ाम़नुवर्तितुम़ागता।
Of him such a state having seen with grieved-mind thee to fetch (I have) approached.
तद़हम़त्रा़त्मानं बद्ध्वातिष्ठामि त्वं तत्र गत्वा तं संतोष्य
Then I here myself having bound stay, thou there having gone, him having comforted
सत्वरम़गमिष्यसि। तथा़नुष्ठिते सति स गोपः प्रबुद्धो
with-haste wilt come back. Thus accomplished being that cowherd awakened
ऽवदत्। इदानीं त्वां पापिष्ठां जारांतिकं नयामि। ततो यदा़सौ
said: Now thee wretch gallant-near I lead. Then when she
न किंचिद़पि ब्रूते तदा क्रुद्धोगोपः। दर्पान्म़म
not anything whatever says, then enraged the cowherd. “Through pride of me
वचसि प्रत्युत्तरम़पि न ददासी़त्युक्त्वा कोपेन तेन
to the word an answer even not thou givest, thus saying through anger by him,
कर्त्त्रिकाम़ादाया़स्या नासिका छिन्ना। तथा कृत्वा पुनः सुप्तो
a knife having taken, of her the nose cut off. Thus having done again lying down
गोपो निद्रामु़पगतः। अथा़गत्य गोपी दूतीम़पृच्छत्।
the cowherd to sleep gone. Now coming back the cowherdess the messenger asked:
का वार्त्ता। दूत्यो़क्तं। पश्य मां मुखमे़व वांर्त्तांकथयति।
What news? By the messenger said: Behold me, my face indeed the news tells.
अनंतरं सा गोपी तथा कृत्वा़त्मानं बद्ध्वास्थिता। इयं
Thereupon that cowherdess, thus having done, herself having bound, stood. That
च दूती तां छिन्ननासिकां गृहीत्वा स्वगृहं प्रविश्य स्थिता।
and messenger that cut off-nose having taken, her-house having entered stood.
ततः प्रातरे़वा़नेन नापितेन स्ववधूः क्षुरभांडं याचिता सती
Then early already by this barber his-wife for the razor-case asked being
क्षुरमे़कं प्रादात्। ततोऽसमग्रभांडे प्राप्ते समुपजातकोपोऽयं
knife one (only) gave. Then, the incomplete-case being brought, with excited-anger this
नापितस्त़ंक्षरं दूरादे़व गृहे क्षिप्तवान्। अथ कृतार्तरावे़यं
barber that knife from afar indeed into the house threw. Now making-pain-cries she
विना़पराधेन मे नासिका़नेन छिन्ने़त्युक्त्वा
‘without offence of me the nose by him cut off’ thus saying
धर्माधिकारिसमीपमे़नम़ानीतवती। सा च गोपी तेन गोपेन
to the justice-officer-near him led. That and cowherdess by that cowherd
पुनः पृष्टो़वाच। अरे पाप को मां महासतीं विरूपयितुं
again asked said: Oh thou wicked one! Who me very-chaste to disfigure
समर्थः। मम व्यवहारम़कल्मषम़ष्टौ लोकपाला एव जानंति।
able? Of me the conduct stainless the eight world-guardians indeed know.
यतः। आदित्यचंद्राव़निलोऽनलश्च़ द्यौर्भूमिऱापो हृदयं यमश्च़।
For, Sun-and moon, wind, fire and, heaven, earth, the waters, the heart, Yama and,
अहश्च़ रात्रिश्च़ उभे च संध्ये धर्मश्च़ जानाति नरस्य वृत्तं॥११२॥
Day and, night and, both and twilights, Justice and knows a man’s conduct. (112)
यद्य़हं परमसती स्यां त्वां विहाया़न्यं न जाने पुरुषांतरं
If I perfectly-chaste be, thee forsaking another not know, another man
स्वप्नेऽपि न हि भजे तेन धर्मेणच्छिन्ना़पि मम
in a dream even not certainly favour, under that condition cut off even of me
नासिका़च्छिन्ना़स्तु। मया त्वं भस्म कर्तुं शक्यसे किंतु स्वामी
the nose uncut may be. By me thou ashes be made canst, however my lord
त्वं लोकभयादु़पेक्षे। पश्य मन्मुखं। ततो यावद़सौ गोपो
thou, from world-fear I forgive. Behold my-face. Then while that cowherd
दीपं प्रज्वाल्य तन्मुखम़वलोकते तावदु़न्नसं मुखम़वलोक्य
a lamp having lit her-face examines, then with-a nose the faceseeing
तच्चरणयोः पतितो धन्योऽहं यस्ये़दृशी भार्यापरमसाध्वी़ति।
at her-feet fallen (said): ‘happy I, of whom such a wife extremely-chaste’ thus.
योऽयम़ास्ते साधुरे़तवृत्तांतम़पि कथयामि। अयं स्वगृहान्ऩिर्गतो
Who here stands merchant, his-history also I tell. He from his-house departed
द्वादशवर्षैर्म़लयोपकंठाद़िमां नगरीम़नुप्राप्तः। अत्र वेश्यागृहे
in twelve-years from the Malaya-slopes to this city come. Here in a house of ill-fame
सुप्तः। तस्याः कुट्टन्या गृहद्वारि स्थापितकाष्ठघटितवेतालस्य
(he) slept. Of that mistress at the house-door of a placed-wood-carved-demon
मूर्धनि रत्नमे़कमु़त्कृष्टम़ास्ते। तत्र लुब्धेना़नेन साधुना
on the head jewel one excellent is fixed. There by greedy this merchant
रात्रावु़त्थाय रत्नं ग्रहीतुं यत्नः कृतः। तदा तेन
during the night having got up the jewel to take away effort made. Then by that
वेतालेन सूत्रसंचारितबाहुभ्यां पीडितः सन्नार्तनादम़यं चकार।
demon with the by threads-contracted-arms squeezed being pain-cry hemade.
पश्चादुत्थाय कुट्टन्यो़क्तं। पुत्र मलयोपकंठाद़ागतो
Afterwards having got up by the mistress said: Son, from the Malaya-slope arrived
ऽसि। तत्स़र्वरत्नानि प्रयच्छा़स्मै नो चेद़नेन न त्यक्तव्यो
thou art ; therefore all-jewels give up to this one, not if, by him not to be released
ऽसि। इत्थमे़वा़यं चेटकः। ततोऽनेन सर्वरत्नानि समर्पितानि
thou art; thus indeed (is) this servant. Then by him all-jewels surrendered,
यथा़यम़पहृतसर्वस्वोऽस्मासु समागत्य मिलितः। एतत्स़र्वं
so that he robbed of-his property to us coming near was met.This all
श्रुत्वा राजपुरुषैर्न्य़ाये धर्माधिकारी प्रवर्तितः। अनंतरं
having heard by the king’s-men to (do) justice the justice-officer (was) induced. Afterwards
तेन सा दूती गोपी च यामाद्व़हिर्ऩिःसारिते
by him that messenger, the cowherdess and, from the village away driven;
नापितश्च़ गृहं गतः। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि स्वर्णरेखाम़हं स्पृष्ट्वे़त्यादि।
the barber and home gone. Therefore I say SvarṇarekhâI having touched &c.
अथ स्वयंकृतोऽयं दोषः। अत्र विलपनं नो़चितं। क्षणं
Now by ourselves-committed this fault. Here complaint not proper (A moment
विमृश्य। मित्र यथा़नयोः सौहार्दं मया कारितं
having reflected): Friend as of those two the friendship by me (was) brought about,
तथा मित्रभेदोऽपि मया कार्यः।
thus the friend-separation also by me to be made.
यतः। अतथ्यान्य़पि तथ्यानि दर्शयंत्य़तिपेशलाः।
For, Untruths also (like) truths make look very skilful men,
समे निम्नोन्नतानी़व चित्रकर्मविदो जनाः॥११३॥
on an even surface bollows and eminences as painting-understanding persons. (113)
अपरं च। उत्पन्नेष्व़पि कार्येषु मतिर्य़स्य न हीयते।
Another and, In arisen even occurrences the understanding of whom not is lost,
स निस्तरति दुर्गाणि गोपी जारद्वयं यथा॥११४॥
he overcomes difficulties, the cowherdess the lover-couple as. (114)
करटकः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। दमनकः कथयति। अस्ति द्वारवत्यां
Karataka asks: How that? Damanaka relates: There is in Dvâravatî
पुर्यां कस्यचिद्ग़ोपस्य वधूर्ब़ंधकी। सा ग्रामस्य दंडनायकेन
a town of some cowherd the wife wanton. She of the district with the magistrate,
तत्पुत्रेण च समं रमते। तथा चो़क्तं।
with his-son and together sports. Thus and said:
ना़ग्निस्तृ़प्यति काष्ठानां ना़पगानां महोदधिः।
Not fire gets enough of fuel, not of rivers the ocean,
ना़ंतकः सर्वभूतानां न पुंसां वामलोचना॥११५॥
not death of all-creatures, not of men a fair-eyed woman. (115)
अन्यच्च़। न दानेन न मानेन ना़र्जवेन न सेवया।
Another and, Not by a giving, not by honouring, not by sincerity, not by service,
न शस्त्रेण न शास्त्रेण सर्वथा विषमाः स्त्रियः॥११६॥
not by the sword, not by precept — wholly faithless (are) women. (116)
यतः। गुणाश्रयं कीर्तियुतं च कांतं पतिं रतिज्ञं सधनं युवानं।
For, A virtue-possessing fame-endowed and lovely husband, a delightgiver wealthy youthful
विहाय शीघ्रं वनिता व्रजंति नरांतरं शीलगुणादिहीनं॥११७॥
forsaking quickly women go to another-man of character-and virtue &c.-destitute. (117).
अपरं च। न तादृशीं प्रीतिमु़पैति नारी
Another and, Not such delight experiences, a woman
विचित्रशय्यां शयिता़पि कामं।
on an embroidered-bed resting even happily,
यथा हि दूर्वादिविकीर्णभूमौ
as certainly on the with Dûrvagrass &c.-strewed-ground
प्रयाति सौख्यं परकांतसंगात्॥११८॥
she derives bliss from a strange-lover’s-company. (118)
अथ कदाचित्स़ादंडनायकपुत्रेण सह रममाणा तिष्ठति। अथ
Now one-day she the magistrate’s-son with playing stands.Then
दंडनायकोऽपि रंतुं तत्रा़गतः। तम़ायांतं दृष्ट्वातत्पुत्रं
the magistrate also to play there approached. Him arriving having seen, his-son
कुशूले निक्षिप्य दंडनायकेन सह तथै़व क्रीडति। अनंतरं
into the granary having pushed the magistrate with so just she plays. Thereupon
तस्या भर्तागोपो गोष्ठात्स़मागतः। तम़ालोक्य
of her the husband the cowherd from the fold arrived. Him perceiving
गोप्योक्तं। दंडनायक त्वं लगुडं गृहीत्वा कोपं दर्शयन्स़त्वरं
by the cowherdess said: Magistrate, thou a stick taking anger showing with-haste
गच्छ। तथा तेनानुष्ठिते गोपेन गृहम़ागत्य भार्या
go! Thus by him being done, by the cowherd to the house having come the wife
पृष्टा। केन कार्येण दंडनायकः समागत्या़त्रस्थितः। सा
(was) asked: For what business the magistrate arriving here remained? She
ब्रूते। अयं केना़पि कार्येण पुत्रस्यो़परि क्रुद्धः। स च मार्ग्यमाणो
says: He for some cause (his) son about angry. He and being pursued
ऽप्य़त्रा़गत्य प्रविष्टो मया कुशूले निक्षिप्य रक्षितः।
also here arriving entered by me, into the granary having pushed (him), protected.
तत्पित्रा चा़न्विष्या़त्रन दृष्टः। अत एवा़यं दंडनायकः क्रुद्ध
By his-father and searching here not seen. Therefore verily that magistrate angry
एव गच्छति। ततः सा तत्पुत्रं कुशूलाद्व़हिष्कृत्य दर्शितवती।
indeed goes. Thereupon she his-son out of the granary conducting showed (him).
तथा चो़क्तं। आहारो द्विगुणः स्त्रीणां बुद्धिस्त़ासां चतुर्गुणा।
Thus and said, The food two-fold of women, the intelligence of them four-fold,
षड्गुणोव्यवसायश्च़ कामश्च़ा़ष्टगुणः स्मृतः॥११९॥
six-fold the perseverance and, (their) love and (is) eight-fold recorded. (119)
अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। उत्पन्नेष्व़पि कार्येष्व़ित्यादि। करटको ब्रूते।
Therefore I say: In arisen even occurrences &c. Karataka says:
अस्त्वे़वं किंत्व़नयोर्महाऩन्योन्यनिसर्गोपजातस्नेहः कथं
Be it thus, however of them the great mutual-by nature-produced-affection how
भेदयितुं शक्यः। दमनको ब्रूते। उपायः क्रियतां। तथा चो़क्तं।
to dissolve possible? Damanaka says: An artifice let be made. Thus and said:
उपायेन हि यच्छ़क्यं न तच्छ़क्यं पराक्रमैः।
By an artifice certainly what possible, not that possible by prowess,
काक्या कनकसूत्रेण कृष्णसर्पो निपातितः॥१२०॥
By a hen crow through a gold-chain a black-serpent (was) caused to be destroyed. (120)
करटकः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। दमनकः कथयति। कस्मिंश्चित्त़रौ
Karataka asks: How that? Damanaka relates: On a certain tree
वायसदंपती निवसतः। तयोश्च़ा़पत्यानि तत्कोटरावस्थितेन
a crow-pair resides. Of them and the young ones by an in its-hollow-staying
कृष्णसर्पेण खादितानि। ततः पुनर्ग़र्भवती वायसी वायसम़ाह।
black-serpent devoured. Then again breeding the female the male crow accosts:
नाथ त्यज्यताम़यं तरुः। अत्रा़वस्थितकृष्णसर्पेणा़वयोः संततिः
My lord, to be left this tree. By the here staying-black-serpent of us the offspring
सततं भक्ष्यते।
constantly is eaten.
यतः। दुष्टा भार्या शठं मित्रं भृत्याश्च़ो़त्तरदायकाः।
For, A bad wife, a false friend, servants and answer-giving,
ससर्पे च गृहे वासो मृत्युरे़व न संशयः॥१२१॥
with-a serpent and in a house dwelling (is) death indeed, no doubt. (121)
वायसो ब्रूते। प्रिये न भेतव्यं। वारं वारं मयै़तस्य
The crow says: My dear, not to be feared. Again (and) again by me of this one
महापराधः सोढः। इदानीं पुनर्ऩ क्षंतव्यः। वायस्य़ाह।
the great-offence borne; now however (it is ) not to be endured. The female says:
कथमे़तेन बलवता सार्धं भवान्व़िग्रहीतुं समर्थः। वायसो ब्रूते।
How with this powerful one together you to contend able ? The crowsays:
अलम़नया शंकया।
Enough with this fear,
यतः। बुद्धिर्य़स्य बलं तस्य निर्बुद्धेस्त़ुकुतो बलं।
For, Wit of whom, power of him; of the witless however whence power?
पश्य सिंहो मदोन्मत्तः शशकेन निपातितः॥१२२॥
Behold, a lion with pride-intoxicated by a rabbit killed. (122)
वायसी विहस्या़ह। कथमे़तत्। वायसः कथयति। अस्ति
The female smiling says: How that? The crow relates: There is
मंदरनाम्नि पर्वते दुर्दांतो नाम सिंहः। स च सर्वदा
on the Mandara-named mountain Durdânta by name a lion. He and always
पशूनां बधं कुर्वन्ऩास्ते। ततः सर्वैः पशुभिर्म़िलित्वा स
of the beasts massacre making continues. Then by all the beasts, having met, that
सिंहो विज्ञप्तः। मृगेंद्र किमर्थमे़कदा पशुघातः क्रियते। यदि
lion informed: O beast-king, why at once beast-slaughter is made?If
प्रसादो भवति तदा वयमे़व भवदाहाराय प्रत्यहमे़कैकं पशुमु़-
your pleasure it is, then we ourselves for your-food daily one at a time beast
पढौकयामः। ततः सिंहेनो़क्तं। यद्येतद़भिमतं भवतां तर्हि भवतु।
offer. Then by the lion said: If this the wish of you, then be it.
ततः प्रभृत्ये़कैकं पशुमु़पकल्पितं भक्षयन्ऩास्ते। अथ कदाचिद्
Thence forth one by one the beast allotted eating he continues. Now one day
वृद्धशशकस्य वारः समायातः। सोऽचिंतयत्।
an old-rabbit’s turn (had) come. That meditated:
त्रासहेतोर्व़िनीतिस्त़ुक्रियते जीविताशया।
For fear’s-sake politeness forsooth is shown in life-hope;
पंचत्वं चेद्ग़मिष्यामि किं सिंहानुनयेन मे॥१२३॥
to death if I am to go, what with the lion-conciliation of me? (123)
तन्म़ंदं मंदं गच्छामि। ततः सिंहोऽपि क्षुधापीडितः कोपात्त़मु-
Therefore slowly slowly I go. Then the lion also with hunger-pained angrily him
वाच। कुतस्त्व़ंविलंब्य समागतोऽसि। शशकोऽब्रवीत्। देव
addressed: Why thou delaying approached art? The rabbit said: Sire
ना़हम़पराध्यः। आगच्छन्प़थि सिंहांतरेण बलाद्धृ़तः।
not I to be blamed. Approaching on the way. by another-lionwith force detained:
तस्याग्रेपुनरागमनाय शपथं कृत्वा स्वामिनं निवेदयितुम़त्रा़-
Of him in front again to return an oath having made, my lord to inform here
गतोऽस्मि। सिंहः सकोपम़ाह। सत्वरं गत्वा दुरात्मानं
approached I am. The lion with-anger says: With-haste going the wretch
दर्शय क्व स दुरात्मा तिष्ठति। ततः शशकस्त़ंगृहीत्वा
let (me) see, where that wretch stands. Then the rabbit him having taken
गभीरकूपं दर्शयितुं गतः। तत्रागत्य स्वयमे़व पश्यतु
a deep-well in order to show gone. There having arrived, for himself verily may see
स्वामी़त्युक्त्वातस्मिन्कू़पजले तस्य सिंहस्यै़व प्रतिबिंबं
the lord’ thus saying, in that well-water of that lion himself the reflected image
दर्शितवान्। ततोऽसौ क्रोधाध्मातो दर्पात्त़स्यो़पर्य़ात्मानं
he was showing. Then he with anger-inflated through pride him over himself
निक्षिप्य पंचत्वं गतः। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। बुद्धिर्य़स्ये़त्यादि।
having thrown to death gone. Therefore I say: Wit of whom&c.
वायस्य़ाह। श्रुतं मया सर्वंसंप्रति यथा कर्तव्यं तद्व्रू़हि।
The female crow says: Heard by me all; at present how to be acted, that say.
वायसोऽवदत्। अत्रासन्ने सरसि राजपुत्रः प्रत्यहम़ागत्य
The crow said: Here in the adjacent lake the king’s-son daily having come
स्नाति। स्नानसमये तदंगाद़वतारितं तीर्थशिलानिहितं कनकसूत्रं
bathes. At bathing-time the from his-person lifted on a bank-stone-placed gold-chain
चंच्वाविधृत्या़नीया़स्मिन्क़ोटरे धारयिष्यसि। अथ
with the beak taking away, bringing near, in this hollow thou shalt place. Now
कदाचित्स्ऩातुं जलं प्रविष्टे राजपुत्रे वायस्या तद़नुष्ठितं।
once to bathe the water having entered the king’s-son, by the female crow that accomplished.
अथ कनकसूत्रानुसरणप्रवृत्तै राजपुरुषैस्त़त्र तरूकोटरे
Then by the in the gold-chain-search-engaged king’s-menthere in the tree-hollow
कृष्णसर्पो दृष्टो व्यापादितश्च। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। उपायेन हि
the black-serpent seen killed and. Therefore I say: By a stratagem truly
यच्छ़क्यम़ित्यादि। करटको ब्रूते। यद्ये़वं तर्हिगच्छ। शिवास्ते़
what possible &c. Karataka says: If (it is) thus, then go!Blessed of thee
संतु पंथानः। ततो दमनकः पिंगलकसमीपं गत्वा प्रणम्यो-
may be the ways. Then Dam. to Ping.’s-proximity having gone, having bowed,
वाच। देव आत्ययिकं किम़पि महाभयकारि कार्यं मन्यमानः
said: Sire, extraordinary some great-fear-causing businessthinking (it)
समागतोऽस्मि।
approached I am.
यतः। आपद्यु़न्मार्गगमने कार्यकालात्ययेषु च।
For, In misfortune, in wrong ways-going, in action-time-passing away and,
कल्याणवचनं ब्रूयाद़पृष्टोऽपि हितो नरः॥१२४॥
a wholesome-word should say unasked even a friendly man. (124)
अन्यच्च़। भोगस्य भाजनं राजा न राजा कार्यभाजनं।
Another and, Of enjoyment a vessel (is) the king, not (is) a king for business-a vessel;
राजकार्यपरिध्वंसी मंत्री दोषेण लिप्यते॥१२५॥
the king’s-interests-injuring a minister with guilt is tainted. (125)
तथा हि पश्य। अमात्यानामे़ष क्रमः।
Thus for, behold; of ministers (is) this the course:
वरं प्राणपरित्यागः शिरसो वापि कर्तनं।
Better (in) life-abandonment, of the head or also cutting off,
न तु स्वामिपदावाप्तिपातकेच्छोरु़पेक्षणं॥१२६॥
not however at one a master’s-station-obtaining-sin-desiring connivance. (126)
पिंगलकः सादरम़ाह। अथ भवान्क़िंवक्तुम़िच्छति। दमनको ब्रूते।
Pingalaka graciously says: Now you what to say wish? Damanakasays:
देव संजीवकस्त़वो़पर्य़सदृशव्यवहारी़व लक्ष्यते। तथा चा़-
Sire, Sañjîvaka thee about unseemly-speaking as it were is detected. Thus and
स्मात्संनिधाने श्रीमद्देवपादानां शक्तित्रयनिंदां कृत्वा
in our-presence of the blessed-Sire’s-feet of the power-triad-censure having made
राज्यमे़वा़भिलषति। एतच्छ्रु़त्वा पिंगलकः सभयं साश्चंर्य
the sovereignty even he covets. This having heard Pingalaka with-fear extraordinary
मत्वा तूष्णीं स्थितः। दमनकः पुनऱाह। देव सर्वामात्यपरित्यागं
(it) thinking silently stood. Damanaka again says: Sire, of all-ministers-dismissal
कृत्वै़क एवा़यं यत्त्व़या सर्वाधिकारी कृतः
having made alone only this that by thee of everything-the superintendant made,
स एव दोषः।
that certainly (is) the fault.
यतः। अत्युच्छ्रिते मंत्रिणि पार्थिवे च विष्टभ्य पादावु़पतिष्ठते श्रीः।
For, Very-exalted (being) the minister the king and propping her feet stands near Fortune;
सा स्त्रीस्वभावाद़सहा भरस्य तयोर्द्व़योरे़कतरं जहाति॥१२७॥
She from her woman-nature impatient of the burden of those two one forsakes. (127)
अपरं च। एकं भूम़िपतिः करोति सचिवं राज्ये प्रमाणं यदा
Another and, One an earth-lord makes minister in the realm chief when,
तं मोहाच्छ्ऱयते मदः स च मदालस्येन निर्भिद्यते।
him through delusion seizes pride, he and through pride-indolence is corrupted;
निर्भिन्नस्य पदं करोति हृदये तस्य स्वतंत्रस्पृहा
of the corrupted a footing takes in the heart of him independance-desire,
स्वातंत्र्यस्पृहया ततः स नृपतेः प्राणांतिकं द्रुह्यति॥१२८॥
through independance-desire then he of the king life-destruction plots. (128)
अन्यच्च़। विषदिग्धस्य भक्तस्य दंतस्य चलितस्य च।
Another and, Of with poison-mixed food, of a tooth loose and,
अमात्यस्य च दुष्टस्य मूलादु़द्धरणं सुखं॥१२९॥
of a minister and corrupted from the root extraction comfort. (129)
किंच। यः कुर्यात्स़चिवायत्तां श्रियं तद्व्यसने सति।
Moreover, Who should make on a minister-dependant fortune, of him-corruption being,
सोऽंधवज्ज़गतीपालः सीदेत्स़ंचारकैर्विना॥१३०॥
that blind-like earth-protector would sink down guides without. (130)
सर्वकार्येषु स्वेच्छातः प्रवर्तते। तद़त्र प्रमाणं स्वामी।
In all-affairs according to his own-wishhe acts. Thus here judge the lord.
एतच्च़ जानाति।
This and he knows:
न सोऽस्ति पुरुषो लोके यो न कामयते श्रियं।
Not that is man in the world who not loves fortune;
परस्य युवतीं रम्यां सादरं ने़क्षतेऽत्र कः॥१३१॥
at another’s youthful lovely wife wishfully not looks here who? (131)
सिंहो विमृश्या़ह। भद्र यद्य़प्ये़वं तथा़पि संजीवकेन
The lion reflecting says:My dear, if also thus (it be), thus even Sañjîvaka
सह मम महान्स्ने़हः।
with of me great love.
पश्य। कुर्वन्ऩपि व्यलीकानि यः प्रियः प्रिय एव सः।
Behold, Doing also disagreeable (things) who (is) dear, dear still he;
अशेषदोषदुष्टोऽपि कायः कस्य न वल्लभः॥१३२॥
by every-weakness-corrupted also the body of whom not dear? (132)
अन्यच्च़। अप्रियाण्यपि कुर्वाणो यः प्रियः प्रिय एव सः।
Another and Displeasing (things) also doing who (is) dear, dear still he;
दग्धमंदिरसारेऽपि कस्य वह़ाव़नादरः॥१३३॥
(though it) has burned-the house’s-treasure even, of whom for fire disregard? (133)
दमनकः पुनरे़वा़ह। देव स एवा़तिदोषः।
Damanaka again still says: Sire, that just a very great-fault.
यतः। यस्मिन्ने़वा़धिकं चक्षुऱारोहयति पार्थिवः।
For, On whom just exceedingly the eye fixes a king,
सुतेऽमात्येऽप्यु़दासीने स लक्ष्म्या़श्रीयते जनः॥१३४॥
on a son, on a minister also on a stranger, that by Fortune is approached man. (134)
शृणु देव। अप्रियस्या़पि पथ्यस्य परिणामः सुखावहः।
Listen Sire: Of unpleasant even medicine the digestion (is) comfort bringing ;
वक्ता श्रोता च यत्रा़स्ति रमंते तत्र संपदः॥१३५॥
a speakers hearer and where there is, delight there fortunes. (135)
त्वया च मूलभृत्याऩपास्या़यम़ागंतुकः पुरस्कृतः। एतच्च़ा़नुचितं कृतं।
By thee and the old-servants discarding this adventurer preferred. This and improper done.
यतः। मूलभृत्यान्प़रित्यज्य ना़गंतूऩ्प्रतिपालयेत्।
For, The old-servants dismissing not adventurers he should cherish,
ना़तः परतरो दोषो राज्यभेदकरोयतः॥१३६॥
not (is there) than that a greater fault, realm-dissension-causing because. (136)
सिंहो ब्रूते। किमा़श्चर्यं। मया यद़भयवाचं दत्त्वा़-
The lion says: How strange! By me since, safety-promise having given (he is)
नीतः संवर्धितश्च़ तत्क़थं मह्यं द्रुह्यति। दमनको ब्रूते। देव
brought near honoured and, then why against me does he plot? Damanaka says: Sire,
दुर्जनो ना़र्जवं याति सेव्यमानोऽपि नित्यशः।
The wicked not to honesty goes honoured even constantly;
स्वेदनाभ्यंजनोपायैः श्वपुच्छम़िव नामितं॥१३७॥
with sudorific-(and) unguent-appliances a dog’s-tail as bent. (137)
अपरं च। स्वेदितो मर्दितश़्च़ैव रज्जुभिः परिवेष्टितः।
Another and, Sweated, pressed and even with strings surrounded,
मुक्तो द्वादशभिर्व़र्षैःश्वपुच्छः प्रकृतिं गतः॥१३८॥
loosened after twelve years a dog’s-tail to (its) natural form goes. (138)
अन्यच्च़। वर्धनं वा़थ सन्मानं खलानां प्रीतये कुतः।
Another and, Promotion or further respect of the wicked for gratification whence?
फलंत्य़मृतसेकेऽपि न पथ्यानि विषद्रुमाः॥१३९॥
there bear in nectar-watering even not wholesome (fruits) poison-trees. (139)
अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। अपृष्टोऽपि हितं ब्रूयाद्य़स्य ने़च्छेत्प़राभवं।
Therefore I say: Unasked even good (advice) he should speak of whom not he may wish ruin;
एष एव सतां धर्मो विपरीतम़तोऽन्यथा॥१४०॥
this verily of the good the law; the reverse of that (is) otherwise. (140)
तथा चो़क्तं। स स्निग्धो ऽकुशलान्ऩिवारयति यस्त़त्क़र्म यन्ऩिर्मलं
Thus and said, He (is) kind, from misfortune guards who; that (is) an action, which isspotless;
सा स्त्री या़नुविधायिनी स मतिमान्य़ःसद्भिऱभ्यर्च्यते।
she (is) a wife, who (is) submissive; he (is) wise, who by the good is honoured;
सा श्रीर्य़ान मदं करोति स सुखी यस्तृ़ष्णया मुच्यते
That (is) happiness, which not intoxication causes; he (is) happy, who from desire is freed;
तन्म़ित्रं यद़कृत्रिमं स पुरुषो यः खिद्यते ने़ंद्रियैः॥१४१॥
he (is) a friend, who (is) unfeigned; he (is) a man, who is tormented not by the senses. (141)
यदि संजीवकव्यसनार्दितो विज्ञापितोऽपि स्वामी न निवर्तते
If by Sanñjîvaka’s-offence-injured informed even the master not turns away,
तद़ीदृशि भृत्ये न दोषः। तथा च।
then in such a servant not a fault. Thus and:
नृपः कामासक्तो गणयति न कार्यं न च हितं
A king to (his) inclination-attached calculates not duty, not and benefit,
यथेष्टं स्वच्छंदः प्रविचरति मत्तो गज इव।
ad-libitum self-willed he rambles on, an intoxicated elephant like;
ततो मानध्मातः स पतति यदा शोकगहने
then with pride-inflated he falls when into a sorrow-abyss,
तदा भृत्ये दोषान्क्ष़िपति न निजं वेत्त्य़विनयं॥१४२॥
then on the servant the faults he throws, not his own he knows misconduct. (142)
पिंगलकः स्वगतं। न परस्या़पवादेन परेषां दंडम़ाचरेत्।
Ping. to himself: Not upon another’s-slander on others punishment one should inflict,
आत्मना़वगतं कृत्वा बध्नीयात्प़ूजयेच्च़ वा॥१४३॥
by himself ascertained having made one should imprison, honour and or. (143)
तथा चो़क्तं। गुणदोषाव़निश्चित्य विधिर्ऩ ग्रहनिग्रहे।
Thus and said: Merit-and fault not-having ascertained (there is) a rule not for favour-andpunishment,
स्वनाशाय यथा न्यस्तो दर्पात्स़र्पमुखे करः॥१४४॥
to one’s own-destruction as placed haughtily on a serpent’s-mouth the hand. (144)
प्रकाशं ब्रूते। तदा संजीवकः किं प्रत्यादिश्यतां। दमनकः
Aloud he says: Then Sañjîvaka (what?) shall he be informed?Damanaka
ससंभ्रमम़ाह। देव मा मै़वं। एतावता मंत्रभेदो
with-confusion says: Sire, not not thus. Through such (a course) counsel-breach
जायते। तथा ह्यु़क्तं।
is produced. Thus namely (it is) said :
मंत्रवीजम़िदं गुप्तंरक्षणीयं यथा तथा।
Counsel-seed this hidden to be guarded as thus
मनाग़पि न भिद्येत तद्भ़िन्नं न प्ररोहति॥१४५॥
a little even not should it be broken; that broken not grows. (145)
किंच \। आदरस्य प्रदानस्य कर्तव्यस्य च कर्मणः।
Moreover, Of respect, of a gift, of to be done and work
क्षिप्रम़क्रियमाणस्य कालः पिबति तद्रसं॥१४६॥
speedily not-being done time drinks its-essence. (146)
तद़वश्यं समारब्धं महता प्रयत्नेन संपादनीयं।
Therefore necessarily (anything) begun with great exertion to be accomplished.
किंच। मंत्रो योध इवा़धीरः सर्वांगैः संवृतैऱपि।
Moreover, Counsel a warrior as unsteady with all-limbs covered also-
चिरं न सहते स्थातुं परेभ्यो भेदशंकया॥१४७॥
long not is able to stand from the enemies through breach-apprehension. (147)
यद्य़सौ दृष्टदोषोऽपि दोषान्ऩिवर्त्य संधातव्यस्त़द़तीवा़नुचितं।
If he with detected-fault even, from the fault turning (him) away, to be conciliated, that exceedingly improper.
यतः। सकृद्दु़ष्टं तु यो मित्रं पुनः संधातुम़िच्छति।
For, A once corrupted but who friend again to conciliate wishes,
स मृत्युमे़व गृह्णाति गर्भम़श्वतरी यथा॥१४८॥
he death verily receives an embryo the she-mule as. (148)
सिंहो ब्रूते। ज्ञायतां तावत्क़िम़स्माकम़सौ कर्तुं समर्थः। दमनक
The lion says:Let it be known first what against us he to do able. Damanaka
आह। देव
says: Sire
अंगांगिभावम़ज्ञात्वा कथं सामर्थ्यनिर्णयः।
Relation-ship not-knowing how (is there) ability-ascertainment?
पश्य टिट्टिभमात्रेण समुद्रो व्याकुलीकृतः॥१४९॥
Behold by a sandpiper-merely the sea (was) confounded. (149)
सिंहः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। दमनकः कथयति। दक्षिणसमुद्रतीरे
The lion asks: How that? Damanaka relates: On the southern-sea-shore
टिट्टिभदंपती निवसतः। तत्र चा़सन्नप्रसवा टिट्टिभी भर्तारम़ाह।
a sandpiper-pair dwells. There and near-hatching the hen-bird the husband accosts:
नाथ प्रसवयोग्यस्थानं निभृतम़नुसंधीयतां। टिट्टिभोऽवदत्।
Master, a for hatching fit-place a concealed one let be arranged. The sandpiper - said:
भार्ये नन्व़िदमे़व स्थानं प्रसूतियोग्यं। सा ब्रूते। समुद्रवेलया
Wife, (is) not this very place for hatching-fit? She says: By the sea-tide
व्याप्यते स्थानमे़तत्। टिट्टिभोऽवदत्। किम़हं निर्बलः समुद्रेण
is reached place this, The sandpiper said: What? (am) I powerless by the sea
निग्रहीतव्यः। टिट्टिभी विहस्या़ह। स्वामिंस्त्व़या समुद्रेण च
to be oppressed? The hen-bird smiling says My lord, between thee the sea and (is)
महद़ंतरं। अथवा
a great difference. Surely,
पराभवं परिच्छेत्तुं योग्यायोग्यं च वेत्ति यः।
Defeat to determine the fit-and unfit also knows who,
अस्ती़ह यस्य विज्ञानं कृच्छ्रेणा़पि न सीदति॥१५०॥
there is here of whom discrimination, through misfortune also not does he perish. (150)
अपि च। अनुचितकार्यारंभः स्वजनविरोधो बलीयसा स्पर्धा।
Also and, of an improper-business-theundertaking,of one’s own-people-opposition,with a stronger one contest,
प्रमदाजनविश्वासो मृत्योर्द्व़ाराणि चत्वारि॥१५१॥
on charming woman-kind-reliance (are) of death gates four. (151)
ततः कृच्छ्रेण स्वामिवचनात्स़ातत्रै़व प्रसूता। एतत्स़र्वं
Then with difficulty according to the husband’s-word she there just (was) laying. This all
श्रुत्वा समुद्रेणा़पि तच्छक्तिज्ञानार्थं तदंडान्य़पहृतानि।
having heard by the sea also, his-strength-in order to know, her-eggs (were) carried off.
ततष्ट़िट्टिभी शोकार्ताभर्तारम़ाह। नाथ कष्टम़ापतितं।
Then the female with sorrow-pained to the husband says: Lord, the misery (has) come.
तान्य़ंडानि मे नष्टानि। टिट्टिभोऽवदत्। प्रिये मा भैषीः।
Those eggs of me (are) lost. The sandpiper said: My dear,not be afraid!
इत्यु़क्ता पक्षिणां मेलकं कृत्वा पक्षिस्वामिनो गरुडस्य
Thus having said, of the birds assemblage having made, of the bird-king Garuda
समीपं गतः। तत्रगत्वा सकलवृत्तांतं टिट्टिभेन भगवतो
to the proximity he went. There having gone the whole-event by the sandpiper of the blessed
गरुडस्य पुरतो निवेदितं। देव समुद्रेणा़हं स्वगृहावस्थितो
Garuda in front (was) made known: Sire, by the sea I in my own-house-residing
विना़पराधेनै़व निगृहीतः। ततस्त़द्वचनम़ाकर्ण्य गरुत्मता प्रभुर्भ़-
without offence even oppressed. Then his-word having heard by Garuda the lord,
गवांन्ऩारायणः सृष्टिस्थितिप्रलयहेतुर्व़िज्ञप्तः समुद्रम़ं-
the holy Nârâyaṇa of creation-preservation-destruction-the cause informed the sea
डदानाया़दिदेश। ततो भगवदाज्ञां मौलौ निधाय
the eggs-to surrender commanded. Then His Holiness’-command on the crest having placed
समुद्रेण तान्य़ंडानि टिट्टिभाय समर्पितानि। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि।
by the sea those eggs to the sandpiper given back. Therefore I say:
अंगांगिभावम़ज्ञात्वे़त्यादि।
Relation-ship not-knowing &c.
राजा़ह। कथम़सौ ज्ञातव्यो द्रोहबुद्धिऱिति। दमनको ब्रूते।
The king says: “How (is) he to be known as maliciously-disposed?’ thus. Dam. says:
यदासौ सदर्पः शृंगाग्रप्रहरणाभिमुखश्च़कितम़िवा़गच्छति
When he with-pride with the horn-points-to strike-disposed agitated as it were approaches;
तदा ज्ञास्यति स्वामी। एवमुक्त्वासंजीवकसमीपं गतः। तत्र गतश्च़
then will know the lord. Thus having spoken Sañjîvaka-near gone; there gone and
मंदं मंदमु़पसर्पन्व़िस्मितम़िवा़त्मानम़दर्शयत्। संजीवकेन
slowly slowly near-going amazed as it were himself showed. By Sañjîvaka
सादरमु़क्तं। भद्र कुशलं ते। दमनको ब्रूते। अनुजीविनां
with-politeness said: My dear, good luck to thee. Damanaka says: Of dependants
कुतः कुशलं।
whence good luck?
यतः। संपत्तयः पराधीनाः सदा चित्तम़निर्वृतं।
For, (Their) fortunes on another-dependant, constantly the mind uneasy;
स्वजीवितेऽप्य़विश्वासस्ते़षां ये राजसेवकाः॥१५२॥
in their-life even no-confidence of those who king’s-attendants. (152)
अन्यच्च। कोऽर्थाऩ्प्राप्य न गर्वितो विषयिणः कस्या़पदोऽस्तं गताः
Another and, Who riches havingobtained (is) not proud? Of worldling what miseries to settinggone?
स्त्रीभिः कस्य न खंडितं भुवि मनः को वा़स्ति राज्ञां प्रियः।
By women whose not tormented on earth mind? Who or is of kings a favourite?
कः कालस्य भुजांतरं न च गतः कोऽर्थी गतो गौरवं
Who of death into the arms not and gone? What beggar gone to consequence?
को वा दुर्जनवागुरासु पतितः क्षेमेण यातः पुमान्॥१५३॥
Who or of the wicked-into the snares fallen in peace gone man? (153)
संजीवकेनोक्तं। सखे ब्रूहि किमे़तत्। दमनक आह। किं ब्रवीमि
By Sañjîvaka said: Friend, say, what (is) this? Damanaka says: What do I say
मंदभाग्यः। पश्य।
ill-fated? Behold :
मज्जन्ऩपि पयोराशौ लब्ध्वासर्पावलंबनं।
Plunging also into a water-mass, having found on a serpent-dependance
न मुंचति न चा़दत्तेतथा मुग्धोऽस्मि संप्रति॥१५४॥
not does one let go not and takes hold, thus perplexed am I now. (154)
यतः। एकत्रराजविश्वासो नश्यत्य़न्यत्र बांधवः।
For, On the one hand the king’s-confidence is lost, on the other hand the friend,
किं करोमि क्व गच्छामि पतितो दुःखसागरे॥१५५॥
What shall I do? Where shall I go fallen into a trouble-ocean? (155)
इत्यु़क्त्वादीर्घं निःश्वस्यो़पविष्टः। संजीवको ब्रूते। मित्र तथा़पि
Thus saying deeply sighing (he) seated ( himself). Sañjîvaka says: Friend, thus even
सुविस्तरं मनोगतमु़च्यतां। दमनकः सुनिभृतम़ाह। यद्य़पि
at full-length the in mind-gone let be told. Damanaka very-secretly says: If also
राजविश्वासो न कथनीयस्त़था़पि भवाऩस्मदीयप्रत्ययाद़ागतः।
the king’s-confidence not to be told, thus even you upon out-assurance approached.
मया परलोकार्थिना़वश्यं तव हितम़ाख्येयं। शृणु। अयं
By me the other-world-seeking necessarily of thee good advice to be told. Listen: This
स्वामी तवो़परि विकृतबुद्धी रहस्यु़क्तवान्। संजीवकमे़व
master thee about having changed-his mind in secret declared: Sañjîvaka certainly
हत्वा स्वपरिवारं तर्पयामि। एतच्छ्रु़त्वा संजीवकः परं विषादम़गमत्।
having slain my-retinue I regale. This having heard Sañjîvaka to extreme dejection went.
दमनकः पुनऱाह। अलं विषादेन। प्राप्तकालकार्यम़नुष्ठीयतां।
Dam. again says: Enough with dejection. Of the arrived-time-action let be accomplished!
संजीवकः क्षणं विमृश्या़ह। सुष्ठु खल्विदमु़च्यते। स्वगतं।
Sañjîvaka a moment having reflected says: Well indeed this is said. Aside (he says):
किं वा दुर्जनचेष्टितं न वे़त्ये़तद्व्यवहारान्ऩिर्णेतुं
Whether (this is) of the wicked-the doing not or,’ thus from his-behaviour to ascertain
न शक्यते।
not is possible.
यतः। दुर्जनगम्या नार्यः प्रायेणा़पात्रभृद्भ़वति राजा।
For, To bad men-accessible (are) women, often the undeserving-cherishing is a king,
कृपणानुसारि च धनं देवो गिरिजलधिवर्षी च॥१५६॥
the miser-following and (is) wealth, the god (is) on mountain-and sea-raining and. (156)
कश्चिदाश्रयसौंदर्याद्ध़त्ते शोभाम़सज्जनः।
Some one through his station’s-beauty receives splendour, (himself) a bad-man,
प्रमदालोचनन्यस्तं मलीमसम़िवा़ंजनं॥१५७॥
to a lovely woman’s-eye-applied dirty as collyrium. (157)
तत्र विचिंत्यो़क्तं। कष्टं किम़िदम़ापतितं। यतः।
There reflecting said: Alas, what (is) this (that has) happened? For,
आराध्यमानो नृपतिः प्रयत्नान्ऩ तोषम़ायाति किम़त्रचित्रं।
Being waited upon a king with perseverance not to contentment goes—what therein astonishing?
अयं त्व़पूर्वप्रतिमाविशेषो यः सेव्यमानो रिपुतामु़पैति॥१५८॥
This however an unheard of-character-species, who being served to enmity goes. (158)
तद़यम़शक्यार्थः प्रमेयः। यतः।
Then this an impossible-thing to be conjectured. For,
निमित्तमुद्दिश्य हि यः प्रकुप्यति ध्रुवं स तस्या़पगमे प्रसीदति।
A cause pointing out certainly who is angry, assuredly he of it on the removal is pacified;
अकारणद्वेषि मनस्तु यस्य वै कथं जनस्त़ंपरितोषयिष्यति॥१५९॥
without-a cause-hating the mind but of whom forsooth, how a man him will satisfy? (159)
किं मया़पकृतं राज्ञः। अथवा निर्निमित्तापकारिणश्च़ भवंति
What by me offence given to the king? Or rather without-reason-ill using also are
राजानः। दमनको ब्रूते। एवमे़तत्। शृणु
kings? Damanaka says: Thus it (is ). Listen :
विज्ञैः स्निग्धैऱूपकृतम़पि द्वेष्यतामे़ति कैश्चित्
By discreet affectionate ones service (rendered) even displeasure incurs, by some,
साक्षाद़न्यैऱपकृतम़पि प्रीतिमे़वो़पयाति।
before the eyes by others offence even favour only finds;
चित्रं चित्रं किम़थ चरितं नै़कभावाश्रयाणां
strange strange what then the conduct (of those who) not (merely) one-passion-harbour?
सेवाधर्मः परमगहनो योगिनाम़प्य़गम्यः॥१६०॥
Of service-the nature of extreme-depth (is) for Yogins even impracticable. (160)
अन्यच्च़। कृतशतम़सत्सु नष्टं सुभाषितशतं च नष्टम़बुधेषु।
Another and, Of benefits-hundred a upon the unworthy (is) lost, of good-hundred words-a and (is) lost upon the ignorant ;
वचनशतम़वचनकरे बुद्धिशतम़चेतने नष्टं॥१६१॥
of advices-a hundred upon the not-advice-following,of intellects-a hundred upon the unintelligent (is) lost.(161)
किंच। चंदनतरुषु भुजंगा जलेषु कमलानि तत्र च ग्राहाः।
Moreover, On sandal-trees (are) serpents, in the waters lotuses, there also alligators,
गुणघातिनश्च़ भोगे खला न च सुखान्य़विघ्नानि॥१६२॥
merit-curtailing and in enjoyment knaves, not and ( is) happiness un-obstructed. (162)
अन्यच्च़। मूलं भुजंगैः कुसुमानि भृंगैः
Another and, The root by serpents, the flowers by bees,
शाखाः प्लवंगैः शिखराणि भल्लैः।
the branches by monkeys, the tops by bears–
नास्त्येव तच्च़ंदनपादपस्य
not is indeed that of a sandal-tree,
यन्नाश्रितं दुष्टतरैश्च़ हिंस्रैः॥१६३॥
which not occupied by very wicked and injurious ones. (163)
अयं तावत़्स्वामी वाचि मधुरो विषहृदयो ज्ञातः। यतः।
This then master in (his) speech sweet poison-hearted known. For,
दूरादुच्छ्रितपाणिऱार्द्रनयनः प्रोत्सारितार्धासनो
From afar with raised-hands, with wet-eyes, offering-half-the seat,
गाढालिंगनतत्परः प्रियकथाप्रश्नेषु दत्तादरः।
in close-embraces-delighting, to kind-words-and enquiries paying-attention,
अंतर्भूतविषो वहिर्म़धुमयश्च़ा़तीव मायापटुः
with concealed-poison outwardly of honey made up and, exceedingly in guile-clever;
को नामायमपूर्वनाटकविधिर्यः शिक्षितो दुर्जनैः॥१६४॥
what namely (is) this unheard of-mimic-art which (is) learnt by the wicked! (164)
तथा हि। पोतो दुस्तरवारिराशितरणे दीपोऽंधकारागमे
Thus for: The boat of the difficult-water-mass-in the crossing, the lamp at darkness approach,
निर्वाते व्यजनं मदांधकरिणां दर्पोपशांत्यै शृणिः।
in a calm a fan, of passion-blinded-elephants for the fury-allayment the hook-
इत्थं तद्भुवि नास्ति यस्य विधिना नोपायचिंता कृता
thus that on earth not is, for which by Providence not an expedient-thought made;
मन्ये दुर्जनचित्तवृत्तिहरणे धातापि भग्नोद्यमः॥१६५॥
I think, of the wicked-mind-state-destruction the Creator even (is) baffled-in his effort. (165)
संजीवकः पुनर्निश्वस्य। कष्टं भो कथमहंशस्यभक्षकः सिंहेन
Sañjîvaka again sighing: Alas, oh, how Igrain-eating by the lion
निपातयितव्यः।
to be destroyed!
यतः। द्वयोरेव समं वित्तं द्वयोरेव समं बलं।
For, Of two verily (is) equal wealth, of two verily equal strength,
तयोर्विवादो मंतव्यो नोत्तमाधमयोः क्वचित्॥१६६॥
of those contest to be imagined, not of a very high-and a very low one anywhere. (166)
पुनर्विचिंत्य। केनायं राजा ममोपरि विकारितः। न जाने।
Again having reflected: Wherefore (is) this king me about changed? Not do I know..
भेदमुपगताद्राज्ञः सदा भेतव्यं। यतः।
From a to enmity approached king always to be feared. For,
मंत्रिणा पृथिवीपालचित्तं विघटितं क्वचित्।
By a minister an earth-protector’s-mind damaged anywhere
वलयं स्फटिकस्येव को हि संधातुमीश्वरः॥१६७॥
a bracelet of crystal like, who possibly to repair ( is ) competent? (167)
अन्यच्च। वज्रंच राजतेजश्च द्वयमेवातिभीषणं।
Another and, A thunderbolt and, a king’s-power and, both surely exceedingly-terrific,
एकमेकत्रपतति पतत्यन्यत्समंततः॥१६८॥
the one in one place falle, it falls the other all around. (168)
ततः संग्रामे मृत्युरे़व वरं। इदानीं तदाज्ञानुवर्तनम़युक्तं। यतः।
Then in battle death only preferable. Now to his-commands-obedience improper. For,
मृतः प्राप्नोति वा स्वर्गं शत्रुं हत्वा सुखानि वा।
Dying he obtains either heaven, the enemy having slain happiness or;
उभावपि हि शूराणां गुणावे़तौ सुदुर्लभौ॥१६९॥
both together indeed of heroes blessings these two very-hard-to be acquired. (169)
युद्धकालश्च़ा़यं। यत्रा़युद्धे ध्रुवं मृत्युर्यु़द्धे जीवितसंशयः।
Battle-time and this. Where in hot-battling certainly death, in battle of life-a chance,
तमे़व कालं युद्धस्य प्रवदंति मनीषिणः॥१७०॥
that very time of battle proclaim the wise. (170)
यतः। अयुद्धे हि यदा पश्येन्ऩ किंचिद्ध़ितम़ात्मनः।
For, Without-battle verily if he should behold not anything favourable of himself,
युध्यमानस्त़दा प्राज्ञो म्रियते रिपुणा सह॥१७१॥
fighting then the wise dies with the enemy together. (171) .
जये च लभते लक्ष्मीं मृतेना़पि सुरांगनां।
In victory and he obtains Fortune, by death also a divine-bride.
क्षणविध्वंसिनः कायाः का चिंता मरणे रणे॥१७२॥
In a moment-perishing (are) the bodies; What reflection on dying in battle? (172)
एतच्च़िंतयित्वा संजीवक आह। भो मित्र कथम़सौ मां
This having considered Sañjîvaka says: O friend! How he (as) me
जिघांसुर्ज्ञा़तव्यः। दमनको ब्रूते। यदा़सौ स्तब्धकर्णः
to slay intending to be recognised? Damanaka says: When he with erected-ears
समुन्नतलांगूल उन्नतचरणो विवृतास्यस़्त्वांपश्यति तदा त्वमे़व
with cocked-tail with raised-paws with opened-mouth at thee, looks, then thou likewise
स्वविक्रमं दर्शयिष्यसि।
thy-valour wilt-show.
यतः। बलवाऩपि निस्तेजाः कस्य ना़भिभवास्पदं।
For, A strong one even without-pluck, of whom (is he) not for contempt-an object?
निःशंकं दीयते लोकैः पश्य भस्मचये पदं॥१७३॥
Without-fear is set by people, behold, on an ash-heap the foot. (173)
किंतु सर्वमे़तत्सु़गुप्तम़नुष्ठातव्यं नो चेन्ऩ त्वं ना़हम़ित्यु़क्त्वा
However all this very-secretly to be executed; not if, not thou nor I—thus saying
दमनकः करटकसमीपं गतः। करटकेनो़क्तं। किं निष्पन्नं।
Damanaka Karataka-near gone. By Karaṭaka said: What effected?
दमनकेनो़क्तं। निष्पन्नो ऽसाव़न्योन्यभेदः। करटको ब्रूते। को
By Damanaka said: Effected that reciprocal-breach. Karataka says: What
ऽत्रसंदेहः। यतः।
therein doubt? For,
बंधुः को नाम दुष्टानां कुप्यते को न याचितः।
A friend who namely of the wicked? Becomes angry who not solicited?
को न तृप्यति वित्तेन कुकृत्ये को न पंडितः॥१७४॥
Who not delights in wealth? In an evil-art who not wise? (174)
अन्यच्च़। दुर्वृत्तः क्रियते धूर्तैः श्रीमाऩात्मविवृद्धये।
Another and, Miserable is rendered by knaves the prosperous for (their) own-aggrandizement,
किं नाम खलसंसर्गः कुरुते ना़श्रयाशवत्॥१७५॥
(What?) namely knaves-company does it act not fire-like? (175)
ततो दमनकः पिंगलकसमीपं गत्वा देव समागतोऽसौ
Then Damanaka Piṅgalaka-near having gone,Sire, approached (is) that
पापाशयस्त़तः सज्जीभूय स्थीयताम़ित्यु़क्त्वापूर्वोक्ताकारं
evil-receptacle, then ready-being you ought to stand, thus saying the before-described attitude
कारयामास। संजीवकोऽप्य़ागत्य तथाविधं विकृता-
he caused (him) to make. Sañjîvaka also having approached, in such-a state with altered-
कारं सिंहं दृष्ट्वा स्वानुरूपं विक्रमं चकार। ततस्
appearance the lion seeing to himself-befitting valour showed. Then
तयोर्यु़द्धे संजीवकः सिंहेन व्यापादितः। अथ संजीवकं सेवकं
of those two in the contest Sañj. by the lion (was) killed. Now Sañj. the attendant
पिंगलको व्यापाद्य विश्रांतः सशोक इव तिष्ठति ब्रूते च।
Pingalaka having killed exhaustedwith-sorrow as it were standssays and:
किं मया दारुणं कर्म कृतं।
What by me cruel action done!
यतः। परैः संभुज्यते राज्यं स्वयं पापस्य भाजनं।
For, By others is enjoyed the kingdom, he himself of sin a vessel,
धर्मातिक्रमतो राजा सिंहो हस्तिबधाद़िव॥१७६॥
through law-transgression (is) a king the lion through elephant-slaughter as. (176)
अपरं च। भूम्येकदेशस्य गुणान्वितस्य
Another and, of a territory-portion, of a virtue-endowed
भृत्यस्य वा बुद्धिमतः प्रणाशः।
attendant or, of an intelligent, the loss :-
भृत्यप्रणाशो मरणं नृपाणां
attendant-loss (is) the death of princes;
नष्टा़पि भूमिः सुलभा न भृत्याः॥१७७॥
lost even territory (is) easily-obtainable, not attendants. (177)
दमनको ब्रूते। स्वामिन्क़ोऽयं नूतनो न्यायो यदरातिं हत्वा
Damanaka says: Master, what this new doctrine, that an enemy having slain
संतापः क्रियते।
repentance is made?
तथा चो़क्तं। पिता वा यदिवा भ्राता पुत्रोवा यदिवा सुहृत्।
Thus and said: A father either or a brother a son either or a friend
प्राणच्छेदकरा राज्ञा हंतव्या भूतिम़िच्छता॥१७८॥
life-destruction-causing by a king to be slain, (by one) welfare desiring. (178)
अपि च। धर्मार्थकामतत्त्वज्ञो नै़कांतकरुणो भवेत्।
Also and, Of justice-interest-and pleasure-the truth knowingnot exclusively-merciful he should be,
न हि हस्तस्थम़प्य़न्नं क्षमावान्भ़क्षितुं क्षमः॥१७९॥
not for the in the hand-standing even food the merciful to eat able. (179)
किंच। क्षमा शत्रौ च मित्रे च यतीनामे़व भूषणं।
Moreover, Mercy towards an enemy and, towards a friend and, of hermits only an ornament ;
अपराधिषु सत्त्वेषु नृपाणां सै़व दूषणं॥१८०॥
towards guilty beings of kings that verily (is) a fault. (180)
अपरं च। राज्यलोभाद़हंकाराद़िच्छतः स्वामिनः पदं।
Another and, Through dominion-desire, through egotism, of one wishing a master’s place,
प्रायश्चित्तं तु तस्यै़कं जीवोत्सर्गो न चा़परं॥१८१॥
the expiation truly of him alone life- abandonment, not and another. (181)
अन्यच्च़। राजा घृणी ब्राह्मणः सर्वभक्षः
Another and, A king merciful, a Brâhman everything-eating,
स्त्री चा़वशादुष्प्रकृतिः सहायः।
a woman and un-ruly, an ill-natured companion,
प्रेष्यः प्रतीपोऽधिकृतः प्रमादी
a servant disobedient, an officer careless,
त्याज्या इमे यश्च़ कृतं न वेत्ति॥१८२॥
to be shunned (are) these, who and a benefit not acknowledges. (182)
विशेषतश्च़। सत्या़नृता च परुषा प्रियवादिनी च
Especially and, True false and, harsh kindly-speaking and,
हिंस्रादयालुऱपि चा़र्थपरा वदान्या।
injuring merciful also and, on money-intent generous,
नित्यव्यया प्रचुररत्नधनागमा च
constantly-spending abundant-jewels-and wealth-receiving and,
वारांगने़व नृपनीतिऱनेकरूपा॥१८३॥
a wanton woman like a prince’s-conduct (is) many-forms assuming. (183)
इति दमनकेन संतोषितः पिंगलकः स्वां प्रकृतिम़ापन्नःसिंहासने
Thus by Damanaka pacified Pingalaka to his natural state come on the throne
समुपविष्टः। दमनकः प्रहृष्टमना विजयतां महाराजः शुभम़स्तु
sat down. Damanaka with exulting-mind May be victorious the great-king! happiness be
सर्वजगताम़ित्यु़क्त्वायथासुखम़वस्थितः। विष्णुशर्मो़वाच। सुहृद्भेदः
of all the world!’ thus saying at-ease remained. Vishṇuśarman said: The Friend-separation
श्रुतस्त़ावद्भ़वद्भिः। राजपुत्रा ऊचुः। भवत्प्रसादाच्छ्रु़तः। सुखिनो
heard then by you. The king’s-sons said: Through your-kindness heard. Pleased
भूता वयं। विष्णुशर्मा़ब्रवीत्। अपरम़पी़दम़स्तु।
(have) become we. Vishņuśarman said: Further also this may be:
सुहृद्भेदस्त़ावद्भ़वतु भवतां शत्रुनिलये
Friend-separation then may be of you of the enemies-in the house!
खलः कालाकृष्टः प्रलयमु़पसर्पत्व़हरहः।
The traitor by Time-dragged on to destruction may go day-by day!
जनो नित्यं भूयात्स़कलसुखसंपत्तिवसतिः
Mankind constantly may be of all-happiness-prosperity-the abode!
कथारंभे रम्ये सततम़िह बालोऽपि रमतां॥१४॥
In the story-commencement, in the delightful, perpetually here youth also may delight. (184)
॥इति हितोपदेशे सुहृद्भेदो नाम द्वितीयकथासंग्रहः समाप्तः॥
Thus in the Hitopadeśa, Friend-separation by name the second-story-collection finished.
॥अथ विग्रहः॥
NOW WAR.
पुनः कथारंभकाले राजपुत्रा ऊचुः। आर्य राजपुत्रा
Again at story-commencement-time the king’s-sons said: Reverend Sir, king’s-sons
वयं तद्व़िग्रहंश्रोतुं नः कुतूहलम़स्ति। विष्णुशर्मणोक्तं। यदेव़
we, then War to hear of us desire is. By Vishṇuśarman said: What just
भवद्भ्यो रोचते कथयामि। विग्रहः श्रूयतां यस्या़यम़ाद्यः श्लोकः।
to you is agreeable, I relate. War may be heard, of which this the first verse :
हंसैः सह मयूराणां विग्रहे तुल्यविक्रमे।
With the geese together of the peacocks in the war of equal-valour,
विश्वास्य वंचिता हंसाः काकैः स्थित्वा़रिमंदिरे॥१॥
having been made to trust (were) betrayed the geese by the crows standing in the enemy’s house. (1)
राजपुत्रा ऊचुः। कथमे़तत्। विष्णुशर्मा कथयति। अस्ति कर्पूरद्वीपे
The king’s sons said : How that? Vishnuśarman relates: There is in Karpûradvipa
पद्मकेलिनामधेयं सरः। तत्र हिरण्यगर्भो नाम राजहंसः
Padmakeli-named a lake. There Hiraṇyagarbha by name a flamingo12
प्रतिवसति। स च सर्वैर्ज़लचरपक्षिभिर्मिलित्वा पक्षिराज्ये
resides. He and by all aquatic-birds, having met, in the bird-sovereignty
ऽभिषिक्तः। यतः।
anointed. For,
यदि न स्यान्ऩरपतिः सम्यङ्गे़ता ततः प्रजा।
If not there were a man-lord, a competent leader, then the people
अकर्णधारा जलधौ विप्लवेते़ह नौऱिव॥२॥
without-a steersman on the ocean would be tossed about here a ship like. (2)
अपरं च। प्रजां संरक्षति नृपः सा वर्धयति पार्थिवं।
Another and, The people protects a king, that makes grow the king;
वर्धनाद़्रक्षणं श्रेयस्त़दभावे सद़प्य़सत्॥३॥
than growth protection (is) better, of that-in the absence the existing even (is) not-existing. (3)
एकदा़सौ राजहंसः सुविस्तीर्णकमलपर्यंके सुखासीनः परिवारपरि-
One day that flamingo on a well-spread-lotus-bed at ease-seated by attendants-sur-
वृतस्त़िष्ठति। ततः कुतश्चिद्दे़शाद़ागत्य दीर्घमुखो नाम वकः
rounded stands. Then from some country having arrived Dirghamukha by name a crane,
प्रणम्योपविष्टः। राजो़वाच। दीर्घमुख देशांतराद़ागतो
having bowed sat down. The king said: Dirghamukha, from another-country arrived
ऽसि। वांर्त्तांकथय। स ब्रूते। देव अस्ति महती वार्त्ता। तां
thou art. The news tell! He says: Sire, There is greatnews. That
वक्तुं सत्वरम़ागतोऽहं। श्रूयतां। अस्ति जंबुद्वीपे
to tell with-haste approached I (am). Be it heard!There is in Jambudvipa
विंध्यो नाम गिरिः। तत्र चित्रवर्णो नाम मयूरः पक्षिराजो
Vindhya by name a mountain. There Chitravarṇa by name a peacock bird-king
निवसति। तस्या़नुचरैश्च़रद्भिः पक्षिभिऱहं दग्धारण्यमध्ये
resides. Of him by the followers going about by the birds I of a burnt-wood-in the midst
चरन्ऩवलोकितः पृष्टश्च़। कस्त्व़ंकुतः समागतोऽसि। तदा मयो़-
going espied asked and: Who thou? Whence approached art thou? Then by me
क्तं। कर्पूरद्वीपस्य राजचक्रवर्तिनो हिरण्यगर्भस्य राजहंसस्या़नुचरो
said: Of Karpûradvipa’s royal-ruler Hiraṇyagarbha the flamingo a follower
ऽहं। कौतुकाद्दे़शांतरं द्रष्टुम़ागतोऽस्मि। एतच्छ्रु़त्वा
(am) I. From curiosity another-country to see approached I am. This having heard
पक्षिभिऱुक्तं। अनयोर्दे़शयोः को देशो भद्रतरो राजा
by the birds (it was) said: Of these two countries which country (is) better, king
च। मयो़क्तं। आः किमे़वमुच्यते। महद़ंतरं। यतः
and? By me said: Oh! Why thus is spoken? A great difference. For
कर्पूरद्वीपः स्वर्ग एव राजहंसश्च़ द्वितीयः स्वर्गपतिः।
Karpûradvipa (is) a paradise indeed, the flamingo and a second paradise-king.
अत्र मरुस्थले पतिता यूयं किं कुरुथ। अस्मद्देशे गम्यतां।
Here in a desert-place alighted you what do? To our-country let be gone!
ततोऽस्मद्वचनम़ाकर्ण्य सर्वे सकोपा बभूवुः। तथा चोक्तं।
Then my-word having heard all angry became. Thus and said:
पयःपानं भुजंगानां केवलं विषवर्धनं।
Of milk-a draught of serpents merely poison-increase ;
उपदेशो हि मूर्खाणां प्रकोपाय न शांतये॥४॥
Advice verily (is) of fools to the exasperation, not to the pacification. (4)
अन्यच्च। विद्वाने़वो़पदेष्टव्यो ना़विद्वांस्तु़ कदाचन।
Another and, The wise only to be advised, not the ignorant however at any time;
वानरानु़पदिश्या़थ स्थानभ्रष्टा ययुः खगाः॥५॥
the monkeys having advised then from their dwelling-turned out went the birds. (5)
राजोवाच। कथमे़तत्। दीर्घमुखः कथयति। अस्ति नर्मदातीरे
The king said: How that? Dirghamukha relates. There is on the Narmadâ-bank
विशालः शाल्मलीतरुः। तत्र निर्मितनीडक्रोडे पक्षिणो निवसंति
a large silk-cotton-tree. There of built-nests-in the interiorbirds dwell
सुखेन। अथै़कदा वर्षासु नीलपटलैऱावृते नभस्तले
at ease. Now one day in the rains, with dark-veils being covered the cloud-plain,
धारासारैर्म़हती वृष्टिर्ब़भूव। ततो वानरांश्च़ तरुतले
with drop-showers a great rain was. Then the monkeys and at a tree’s-foot
ऽवस्थिताञ्श़ीताकुलान्क़ंपमानाऩवलोक्य कृपया पक्षिभिरु़क्तं। भो
standing, by cold-pained, trembling, seeing through pity by the birds said : Ho,
भो वानराः शृणुत।
Ho, monkeys, listen!
अस्माभिर्ऩिर्मिता नीडाश्च़ंचुमात्राहृतैस्त़ृणैः।
By us (have been) built nests with by beaks-only-collected straws :
हस्तपादादिसंयुक्ता यूयं किम़िति सीदथ॥६॥
with hands-feet-&c.-endowed you why thus do you sit? (6)
तच्छ्रु़त्वा वानरैर्ज़ातामर्षैऱालोचितं। अहो निर्वातनीडगर्भावस्थिताः
That having heard by the monkeys with roused-anger considered: Oh! in a sheltered-nest’s-interior-sitting
सुखिनः पक्षिणोऽस्मान्ऩिंदंति। भवतु तावद्वृ़ष्टेरु़पशमः। अनंतरं
happy the birds us reproach. Let there be only of the rain abatement! Thereupon,
शांते पानीयवर्षे तैर्व़ानरैर्वृ़क्षम़ारुह्य सर्वे नीडा
having abated the water-rain, by those monkeys, the tree having ascended, all the nests
भग्नास्ते़षाम़ंडानि चा़धः पातितानि। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। विद्वाने़-
(were) broken of them the eggs and down thrown. Therefore I say: The wise
वो़पदेष्टव्यइत्यादि। राजो़वाच। ततस्तै़ः किं कृतं। वकः कथयति।
only to be advised &c. The king says: Then by them what done? The crane relates :
ततस्तै़ःपक्षिभिः कोपादु़क्तं। केना़सौ राजहंसो राजा कृतः।
Then by those birds angrily said: By whom that flamingo king made?
ततो मयो़पजातकोपेनो़क्तं। युष्मदीयमयूरः केन राजा कृतः।
Then by me with roused-anger said: Your-peacock by whom king king made?
एतच्छ्रु़त्वा ते सर्वे मां हंतुमु़द्यताः। ततो मया़पि स्वविक्रमो
This having heard they all me to kill endeavoured. Then by me also my-valour
दर्शितः। यतः।
shown. For,
अन्यदा भूषणं पुंसां क्षमा लज्जे़व योषितां।
At other times an ornament of men (is) forbearance, modesty as of women ;
पराक्रमः परिभवे वैयात्यं सुरतेष्व़िव॥७॥
valour at an insult, unrestrainedness in amorous sports as. (7)
राजा विहस्या़ह। आत्मनश्च़ परेषां च यः समीक्ष्य बलाबलं।
The king smiling says: Of himself and, of others and who having seen the strength-andweakness
अंतरं नै़व जानाति स तिरस्क्रियतेऽरिभिः॥८॥
the difference not indeed knows, he is overcome by enemies. (8)
अन्यच्च़। सुचिरं हि चरन्ऩित्यं क्षेत्रे शस्यम़बुद्धिमान्।
Another and, A good-long while surely grazing constantly in a field on the corn unwise
द्वीपिचर्मपरिच्छन्नोवाग्दोषाद्ग़र्दभो हतः॥९॥
with a tiger’s-skin-covered through his voice’s-fault the ass (was) slain. (9)
वकः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। राजा कथयति। अस्ति हस्तिनापुरे
The crane asks: How that? The king relates: There is in Hastinâpura
विलासो नाम रजकः। तस्य गर्दभोऽतिवाहनाद्दु़र्बलो
Vilâsa by name a washerman. Of him the ass through over-carrying weakened
मुमूर्षुऱिवा़भवत्। ततस्ते़न रजकेना़सौ व्याघ्रचर्मणा
going to die almost was. Then by that washerman he,with a tiger’s-skin
प्रच्छाद्या़रण्यसमीपे शस्यक्षेत्रे नियुक्तः। ततो दूरात्
having covered (him), in a forest’s-proximity on a corn-field placed. Then from afar
तम़वलोक्य व्याघ्रबुद्ध्या क्षेत्रपतयः सत्वरं पलायंते।
him having seen from tiger-supposition the field-owners with-haste run away.
अथै़कदा केना़पि शस्यरक्षकेण धूषरकंबलकृततनुत्राणेन
Now one day by some corn-guard having an of grey-cloth-made-body-covering,
धनुःकांडं सज्जीकृत्या़नतकायेनै़कांते स्थितं। तं च
bow-and arrow having made ready, with bent-body at one-endstood. Him and
दूराद्दृ़ष्ट्वा गर्दभः पुष्टांगो यथेष्टशस्यभक्षणजातबलो
from afar seeing the donkey fat-limbed with by freely-corn-eating-produced-strength,
गर्दभी़यम़िति मत्वो़च्चैः शब्दं कुर्वाणस्त़दभिमुखं धावितः
‘a female ass that’ thus thinking, aloud the voice making him-towards running,
शस्यरक्षकेण चित्कारशब्दान्ऩिश्चित्य गर्दभोऽयम़िति
by the corn-guard through the braying-noise ascertaining ‘a donkey this’ thus
लीलयै़व व्यापादितः। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। सुचिरं हि चरन्ऩि-
for wantonness verily killed. Therefore I say: A good-long while surely grazing
त्यम़ित्यादि। दीर्घमुखो ब्रूते। ततः पक्षिभिरु़क्तं। अरे पाप दुष्ट
constantly etc. The crane says: Then by the birds said: “Oh wretched vile
वक। अस्माकं भूमौ चरन्ऩस्माकं स्वामिनम़धिक्षिपसि तन्ऩ
crane! Of us on the ground walking of us the master thou revilest,that not
क्षंतव्यम़िदानीम़ित्यु़क्त्वासर्वे मां चंचुभिर्ह़त्वा सकोपा
to be endured now’ thus saying all me with the beaks having pecked with-anger
ऊचुः। पश्य रे मूर्ख स हंसस्त़व राजा सर्वथा मृदुः।
they said: Behold,oh fool, that goose of thee the king (is) wholly weak.
तस्य राज्याधिकारो ना़स्ति यत एकांतमृदुः करतलस्थम़्-
Of him to sovereignty-claim not is, for one thoroughly-weak an in the palm-standing
प्य़र्थं रक्षितुम़क्षमः स कथं पृथिवीं शास्ति राज्यं वा तस्य
even thing to guard unable, he how the earth rules, sovereignty or of him
किं। किंतु त्वं च कूपमंडूकः। तेन तदाश्रयमु़पदि-
what? However thou also (art) a well-frog ; thereforehis-protection thou
शसि। शृणु।
recommendest. Listen,
सेवितव्यो महावृक्षः फलच्छायासमन्वितः।
To be esteemed (is) a great-tree with fruit-and shade-endowed;
यदि दैवात्फ़लं ना़स्ति च्छाया केन निवार्यते॥१०॥
if by fate fruit not is, the shade by whom is taken away? (10)
अन्यच्च़। हीनसेवा न कर्तव्या कर्तव्यो महदाश्रयः।
Another and, Of the vile-service not to be made; to be made to the great-resort;
पयोऽपि शौंडिकीहस्ते वारुणी़त्य़भिधीयते॥११॥
water even in a hostess’s-hand ‘spirituous liquor’ thus is called. (11)
अन्यच्च। महाऩप्य़ल्यतां याति निर्गुणे गुणविस्तरः।
Another and, Great even to smallness goes in a virtue-less virtue-extent,
आधाराधेयभावेन गजेंद्र इव दर्पणे॥१२॥
by the recipient’s-and the received object’s-relation, a royal elephant as in a mirror13. (12)
विशेषतश्च़। व्यपदेशेऽपि सिद्धिः स्याद़तिशक्ते नराधिपे।
Especially and, In a fiction even success may be against an over-strong man-ruler,
शशिनो व्यपदेशेन शशकाः सुखम़ासते॥१३॥
by the moon’s fiction the hares comfortably dwell. (13)
मयो़क्तं। कथमे़तत्। पक्षिणः कथयंति। कदाचिद़पि वर्षासु
By me said : How that? The birds relate: Once even in the rainy season.
वृष्टेऱभावात्तृ़षार्तो गजयूथो यूथपतिम़ाह।
of rain through the absence with thirst-pained an elephant-troop the troop-chief addresses:
नाथ कोऽभ्युपायोऽस्माकं जीवनाय। ना़स्ति क्षुद्रजंतूनां
Master, what means of us for the life? Not is there of small-animals
निमज्जनस्थानं वयं च निमज्जनस्थानाभावान्मृ़तार्हाइव। किं
a bathing-place, we and for a bathing-place’s-want death-suffering almost. What
कुर्मः। क्व यामः। ततो हस्तिराजो ना़तिदूरं गत्वा
shall we do? Where shall we go? Then the elephant-king not too-far having gone
निर्मलं हृदं दर्शितवान्। ततो दिनेषु गच्छत्सु तत्तीरावस्थित-
a stainless pool showed. Then, the days passing, by the on its-bank-remaining
गजपादाहतिभिश्चू़र्णिताः क्षुद्रशशकाः। अनंतरं शिलीमुखो नाम
elephants’-foot-tramplings (were) crushed the little-hares. Thereupon Silîmukha by name
शशकश्च़िंतयामास। अनेन गजयूथेन पिपासाकुलितेन प्रत्यहम़त्रा़-
a hare was thinking : By this elephant-troop with thirst-pained daily here
गंतव्यं। अतो विनश्यत्य़स्मत्कुलं। ततो विजयो नाम वृद्धशशको
will be come; thereby perishes our-race. Then Vijaya by name can old-hare:
ऽवदत्। मा विषीदत मया़त्रप्रतीकारः कर्तव्यः। ततोऽसौ
said: Not do despair! by me here a remedy to be made. Then he
प्रतिज्ञाय चलितः। गच्छता च तेना़लोचितं। कथं गजयूथ-
having promised started. Going and by him reflected: How in the elephant-troop’s-
समीपे स्थित्वा वक्तव्यं।
proximity standing to be spoken?
यतः। स्पृशन्ऩपि गजो हंति जिघ्रन्ऩपि भुजंगमः।
For, Touching even an elephant kills, smelling even a serpent,
पालयन्ऩपि भूपालः प्रहसन्ऩपि दुर्जनः॥१४॥
protecting even a king, smiling even the wicked man. (14)
अतोऽहं पर्वतशिखरम़ारुह्य यूथनाथं संवादयामि। तथा़नुष्ठिते
Therefore I the mountain-summit ascending the troop-chief address: Thus being done
यूथनाथ उवाच। कस़्त्वंकुतः समायातः। स ब्रूते। शशको
the troop-chief said: Who thou? Whence approached? He. says: A hare.
ऽहं भगवता चंद्रेण भवदंतिकं प्रेषितः। यूथपतिऱाह। कार्यमु़-
I, by the venerable moon you near despatched. The troop-chief says: (Your) business
च्यतां। विजयो ब्रूते।
let be told! Vijaya says:
उद्यतेष्व़पि शस्त्रेषु दूतो वदति ना़न्यथा।
Being uplifted even the weapons, a messenger speaks not otherwise,
सदै़वा़वध्यभावेन यथार्थस्य हि वाचकः॥१५॥
always verily through his inviolable-state of truth surely (he is) a speaker. (15)
तद़हं तदाज्ञया ब्रवीमि। शृणु। यदे़ते चंद्रसरोरक्षकाः
Therefore I by his-commandListen! That these moon-lake-guardians,
शशकास़्त्वयानिःसारितास्त़द़नुचितं कृतं। ते शशकाश्च़िरम़स्माकं
the hares, by thee expelled, that improper done. Those hares long of us
रक्षिताः। अत एव मे शशांक इति प्रसिद्धिः। एवमु़क्तवति
protected. Thence verily of me Śaśâṅka’14 thus the title. Thus having spoken
दूते यूथपतिर्भ़याद़िदम़ाह। प्रणिधेहि। इदम़ज्ञानतः
the messenger, the troop-lord from fear this says: Attend! This through ignorance
कृतं पुनर्ऩ कर्तव्यं। दूत उवाच। यद्ये़वं तद़त्र
done; again not (it is) to be done. The messenger said: If (it is) thus, then here
सरसि कोपात्क़ंपमानं भगवंतं शशांकं प्रणम्य प्रसाद्य
the in the lake with anger trembling venerable moon having saluted, having pacified (him),
गच्छ। ततो रात्रौ यूथपतिं नीत्वा जले चंचलं
go! Then at night the troop-lord having led, in the water the trembling
चंद्रबिंबं दर्शयित्वा यूथपतिः प्रणामं कारितः। उक्तं
moon’s-image having shown, the troop-lord prostration to make (was) caused; said
च तेन। देव अज्ञानाद़नेना़पराधः कृतस्त़तः
and by him: Sire, from ignorance by him the offence committed, therefore
क्षम्यतां नै़वं वारांतरं विधास्यते। इत्यु़क्त्वाप्रस्थापितः।
let it be pardoned, not thus another-time will be done. Thus saying (he was) sent away.
अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। व्यपदेशेऽपि सिद्धिः स्याद़िति। ततो
Therefore I say: ‘In a fiction even success may be thus. Then
मयो़क्तं। स एवा़स्मत्प्रभू राजहंसो महाप्रतापो
by me said: That verily our-master, the flamingo, (is) of great-majesty,
ऽतिसमर्थः। त्रैलोक्यस्या़पि प्रभुत्वं तत्र युज्यते किं
exceedingly-mighty. Of the three worlds even the sovereignty for him is fit, how.
पुना राज्यम़िति। तदा़हं तैः पक्षिभिर्दुष्ट कथम़स्मद्भूमौ
much more a kingdom,’ thus. Then I by those birds Wretch, how on our-ground
चरसी़त्य़भिधाय राज्ञश्च़ित्रवर्णस्य समीपं नीतः। ततो राज्ञः
goest thou?’ thus saying of king Chitravarṇa to the proximity led. Then of the king
पुरो मां प्रदर्श्य तैः प्रणम्यो़क्तं। देव अवधीयतामे़ष
in front me having shown, by them, having bowed, said: Sire let be noticed, this
दुष्टो वको यद़स्मद्देशे चरन्ऩपि देवपादाऩधिक्षिपति। राजा़ह।
vile crane that, on our-land walking although, Y. M.’s-feet reviles. The king says:
कोऽयं कुतः समायातः। त ऊचुः। हिरण्यगर्भनाम्नो
Who this? Whence approached? They said: Of the Hiranyagarbha-named
राजहंसस्या़नुचरः कर्पूरद्वीपाद़ागतः। अथा़हं गृध्रेण मंत्रिणा
flamingo a follower, from Karpûradvipa arrived. Now I by the vulture the minister
पृष्टः। कस्त़त्र मुख्यो मंत्री़ति। मयो़क्तं।
(was) asked :Who (is) there prime minister?’ thus. By me said:
सर्वशास्त्रार्थपारगः सर्वज्ञो नाम चक्रवाकः। गृध्रो
With all-sciences’-meaning-conversant Sarvajña by name the Chakravâka. The vulture
ब्रूते। युज्यते। स्वदेशजोऽसौ। यतः।
says: It is proper. In his-country-born (is) he. For,
स्वदेशजं कुलाचारं विशुद्धम़थवा शुचिं।
One in his-country-born, caste-duties (observing), honest, moreover pure,
मंत्रज्ञम़व्यसनिनं व्यभिचारविवर्जितं॥१६॥
counsel-knowing, sin-less, from transgression-free, (16)
अधीतव्यवहारार्थं मौलं ख्यातं विपश्चितं।
one who has studied-the law’s-sense, of pure blood, renowned, intelligent,
अर्थस्योत्पादकं चै़व विदध्यान्म़ंत्रिणं नृपः॥१७॥
of wealth a producer and likewise should appoint as minister a king. (17)
अत्रा़ंतर शुकेनो़क्तं। देव कर्पूरद्वीपादयो लघुद्वीपा
There meanwhile by a parrot said: Sire Karpûradvipa-&c. the small-islands
जंबुद्वीपांतर्गता एव। तत्रा़पि देवपादानामे़वा़धिपत्यं।
in Jambudvîpa-included verily. There also of Y. M.’s-feet certainly the sovereignty.
ततो राज्ञा़प्यु़क्तं। एवमे़व।
Then by the king also said: So quite.
यतः। राजा मत्तः शिशुश़्चै़व प्रमादी धनगर्वितः।
For, A king, a madman, a child and likewise, the careless, the wealth-proud,
अप्राप्यम़भिवांछंति किं पुनर्ल़भ्यतेऽपि यत्॥१८॥
the unattainable desire; how much more, is obtained also what! ( 18 )
ततो मयो़क्तं। यदि वचनमात्रेणै़वा़धिपत्यं सिध्यति तदा
Then by me said: If by words-merely verily sovereignty is accomplished, then
जंबुद्वीपेऽप्य़स्मत्प्रभोर्ह़िरण्यगर्भस्य स्वाम्यम़स्ति। शुको ब्रूते।
in Jambudvipa also of our-master Hiraṇyagarbha dominion is. The parrot says:
कथम़त्र निर्णयः। मयो़क्तं। संग्राम एव। राज्ञा विहस्यो़क्तं।
How (is) here ascertainment? By me said: In war only. By the king smiling said;
स्वस्वामिनं गत्वा सज्जीकुरु। तदा मयो़क्तं। स्वदूतोऽपि
Thy-master going make ready! Then by me said : Thy-ambassadoralso
प्रस्थाप्यतां। राजो़वाच। कः प्रयास्यति दौत्येन यत एवंभूतो
let be despatched! The king said: Who shall go on embassy? for such a one
दूतः कार्यः।
ambassador to be made:
भक्तो गुणी शुचिर्द़क्षः प्रगल्भोऽव्यसनी क्षमी।
One attached, virtuous, pure, clever, bold, sinless, patient,
ब्राह्मणः परमर्मज्ञो दूतः स्यात़्प्रतिभानवान्॥१९॥
a Brâhman, of others-the thoughts-knowing, ambassador should be, one with audacity endowed, (19)
गृध्रो वदति। संत्ये़व दूता बहवः किंतु ब्राह्मण एव कर्तव्यः।
The vulture says: There are surely ambassadors many, but a Brâhmanonly to be made,
यतः। प्रसादं कुरुते पत्युः संपत्तिं ना़भिवांछति।
For, The pleasure he does of the master, prosperity not he desires;
कालिमा कालकूटस्य ना़पैती़श्वरसंगमात्॥२०॥
the darkness of the Kâlakûta poison not departs through Śiva’s contact¹. (20)
राजा़ह। ततः शुक एव व्रजतु। शुक त्वमे़वा़नेन सह गत्वा़-
The king says: Then the parrot verily may go. Parrot, thou verily him with going
स्मदभिलषितं ब्रूहि। शुको ब्रूते। यथा़ज्ञापयति देवः। किंत्व़यं
our-desire declare! The parrot says: As commands Your Majesty. However this
दुर्जनो वकस्त़द़नेन सह न गच्छामि।
a vile fellow, the crane, therefore him with not do I go.
तथा चो़क्तं। खलः करोति दुर्वृत्तं नूनं फलति साधुषु।
Thus and said: A villain commits an evil-action; surely it bears fruit unto the good.
दशाननो हरेत्स़ीतां बंधनं स्यान्म़होदधेः॥२१॥
The ten-faced (Râvana) carries off Sitâ, binding will be of the ocean². (21)
अपरं च। न स्थातव्यं न गंतव्यं दुर्जनेन समं क्वचित्।
Another and, Not to be stood, not to be gone the wicked with anywhere;
काकसंगाद्ध़तो हंसस्त़िष्ठन्ग़च्छंश्च़ वर्तकः॥२२॥
through with a crow-association slain the goose standing, going likewise the quail. (22)
राजो़वाच। कथमे़तत्। शुकः कथयति। अस्त्यु़ज्जयिनीवर्त्मप्रांतरे
The king said: How that? The parrot relates: There is on the Ujjayini-road-side
प्लक्षतरुः। तत्र हंसकाकौ निवसतः। कदाचिद़्ग्रीष्मसमये परि-
a fig-tree. There a goose-and a crow live. Once in summer-time
श्रांतः कश्चित्प़थिकस्त़त्रतरुतले धनुःकांडं संनिधाय
tigued some wanderer there at the tree’s-foot bow-and arrowhaving laid down
सुप्तः। तत्र क्षनांतरे तन्मुखाद्वृ़क्षच्छाया़पगता। ततः
fell asleep. There in another-moment from his-face the tree-shade departed. Then
सूर्यतेजसा तन्मुखं व्याप्तम़वलोक्य तद्वृक्षस्थितेन हंसेन.
by the sun’s-glare his-face reached seeing by the on that-tree-standing goose
__________________________________________________________________
-
As the verse stands, the second hemistich can only mean that as the dark poison remaineddark even when swallowed by Siva, so a Brâhman retains his character even in society with kings. There is a play of words in lsvara, which means both Siva and sovereign.
-
Binding of the ocean means the building of a bridge across the ocean. It refers to the bridge from the peninsula to Ceylon which had to be built in order to rescue Sitâ, whom Râvana had carried off.
__________________________________________________________________
कृपया पक्षौ प्रसार्य पुनस्त़न्मुखे छाया कृता। ततो
through pity both wings having spread forth again on his-face shade made. Then
निर्भरनिद्रासुखिना तेन मुखव्यादानं कृतं। अथ परसुखम़-
by the sound-sleep-enjoying by him mouth-opening (was) made. Now another’s-happiness
सहिष्णुः स्वभावदौर्जन्येन स काकस्त़स्य मुखे
not-bearing through his-nature’s-wickedness that crow of him into the mouth’
पुरीषोत्सर्गं कृत्वा पलायितः। ततो यावद़सौ पांथ उत्थायो़र्ध्वं
excrement-discharge having made fled away. Then while that wanderer rising upwards
निरीक्षते तावत्त़ेना़वलोकितो हंसः कांडेन हतो व्यापादितः।
looks, then by him espied the goose with an arrow struck (was) killed.
वर्तककथाम़पि कथयामि। एकदा भगवतो गरुडस्य यात्राप्रसंगेन
The quail’s-story also I tell: Once of the venerable Garuḍa on a procession-occasion
सर्वे पक्षिणः समुद्रतीरं गताः। ततः काकेन सह वर्तकश्च़लितः।
all birds to the sea-shore gone. Then with a crow together a quail set out.
अथ गोपालस्य गच्छतो दधिभांडाद्व़ारं वारं तेन काकेन दधि
Now of a cowherd going from a curd-vessel again again by that crow curds
स्वाद्यते। ततो यावद़सौ दधिभांडं भूमौ निधायो़र्ध्वम़वलोकते
are eaten. Then while he the curd-vessel on the ground putting down upwards looks,
तावत्त़ेन काकवर्तकौ दृष्टौ। ततस्त़ेन खेदितः काकः पलायितो
then by him the crow-and quail seen. Then by that alarmed the crow fled away,
वर्तकः स्वभावनिरपराधो मंदगतिस्त़ेन प्राप्तो व्यापादितः। अतो
the quail by her-nature-guiltless, of slow-motion by him caught (was) killed. Therefore
ऽहं ब्रवीमि। न स्थातव्यं न गंतव्यमित्यादि। ततो मयो़क्तं।
I say: Not to be stood not to be gone &c. Then by me said:
भ्रातः शुक किम़ेवं ब्रवीषि। मां प्रति यथा श्रीमद्देवस्त़था
Brother parrot, why thus dost thou speak? To me in regard as His Majesty, thus
भवाऩपि। शुकेनो़क्तं। अस्त्व़़ेवंकिंतु
you also. By the parrot said: Be it thus, however
दुर्जनैरुच्यमानानि संमतानि प्रियाण्य़पि।
By the wicked being spoken approved kind (words) even
अकालकुसमानी़व भयं संजनयंति हि॥२३॥
unseasonable-flowers like fear excite verily. (23)
दुर्जनत्वं च भवतो वाक्याद़ेव ज्ञातं यद़नयो-
Wickedness and of you from the speech already recognized,for of these two
र्भू़पालयोर्व़िग्रहे भवद्वचनम़ेव निदानं।
earth-protectors for the war your-word only (is) the cause.
पश्य। प्रत्यक्षेऽपि कृते दोषे मूर्खः शांत्वेन तुष्यति।
Behold, Before the eyes even being committed an offence, the fool by coaxing is soothed.
रथकारो निजां भार्यांसजारां शिरसा़करोत्॥२४॥
The wheelwright his own wife with - (her ) lover upon (his) head placed. (24)
राज्ञो़क्तं। कथम़ेतत्। शुकः कथयति। अस्ति यौवनश्रीनगरे
By the king said: How that? The parrot relates: There is in the Yauvanaśrî-town
मंदमतिर्ऩाम रथकारः। स च स्वभार्यां बंधकीं जानाति जारेण
Mandamati by name a wheelwright. He and his-wife unchaste knows, with the lover
समं स्वचक्षुषा ऩैकस्थाने पश्यति। ततोऽसौ रथकारोऽहम़न्यं
together with his own-eye not in one-place sees. Then that wheelwright ‘I to another
ग्रामं गच्छामी़त्यु़क्त्वाचलितः कियद्दूरं गत्वा पुनऱागत्य
village go’ thus saying departed, some-distance having gone again returning
पर्यंकतले स्वगृहे निभृतं स्थितः। अथ रथकारो ग्रामांतरं
under a bed in his-house secretly stood. Now, ’the wheelwright to another-village
गत इत्यु़पजातविश्वासः स जारः संध्याकाल एवा़गतः।
gone’ thus with created-confidence that lover at twilight-time verily arrived..
पश्चात्त़ेन समं तस्मिन्प़र्यंके क्रीडंती पर्यंकतलस्थितस्य भर्तुः
Afterwards him with on that bed playing of the under the bed-standing husband
किंचिद़ंगस्पर्शात्स्व़ामिनं मायाविनम़िति विज्ञाय
a little through body-touching ’the husband deceitful’ thus having found out
विषणा़भवत्। ततो जारेणो़क्तं। किम़िति त्वम़द्य मया
disconcerted she became. Then by the lover said: Why thusthou to-day me
सह निर्भरं न रमसे। विस्मित़ेव प्रतिभासि मे त्वं।
with heartily not amusest thyself? Alarmed as it were appearest to me thou.
तयो़क्तं। अनभिज्ञोऽसि। मम प्राणेश्वरो येन ममा़कौमारं
By her said: Ignorant art thou, Of me the life-lord, with whom of me from-childhood
सख्यं सोऽद्य ग्रामांतरं गतः। तेन विना सकलजनपूर्णे
friendship, he to-day to another-village gone. Him without in a with all-people-filled
sपि ग्रामे मां प्रत्य़रण्यवद्भ़ाति। किं भावि तत्र
even village to me with regard as in a wood it seems. What will happen there
परस्थाने किं खादितवान्क़थं वा प्रसुप्त इत्य़स्मद्धृदयं विदीर्यते।
in a strange-place, what has he eaten, how or sleeping’ thus our-heart is torn asunder.
जारो ब्रूते। तव किम़ेवं स्नेहभूमी रथकारः। बंधक्य़-
The lover says: Of thee why thus an affection-object the wheelwright? The unchaste woman
वदत्। रे बर्बर किं वदसि। शृणु।
said: Ah idiot, what dost thou say? Listen:
परुषाण्यपि या प्रोक्ता दृष्टा या क्रोधचक्षुषा।
With harsh words even who addressed, viewed who with anger-eye
सुप्रसन्नमुखी भर्तुः सा नारी धर्मभागिनी॥२५॥
of very-placid-countenance towards the husband, that woman (is) of virtue-possessed. (25)
अपरं च। नगरस्थो वनस्थो वा पापो वा यदिवा शुचिः।
Another and, In a town-staying in a wood-staying or, wicked either or pious,
यासां स्त्रीणां प्रियो भर्ती तासां लोका महोदयाः॥२६॥
of what women dear the husband, of those the worlds of great-bliss. (26)
अन्यच्च़। भर्ताहि परमं नार्याभूषणं भूषणैर्व़िना।
Another and, The husband surely the greatest of a woman ornament ornaments without;
एषा विरहिता तेन शोभऩापि न शोभना॥२७॥
she deprived of him beautiful even (is) not beautiful. (27)
त्वं जारः पापमतिर्म़नोलौल्यात्पु़ष्पतांबूलसदृशःकदाचित्
Thou a lover of wicked-mind from mind-fickleness flower-and betel-like sometimes
सेव्यसे कदाचिन्ऩ सेव्यसे च। स च स्वामी मां विक्रेतुं देवेभ्यो
art loved, sometimes not art loved and. That and master me to sell, to the gods
**ब्राह्मणेभ्योऽपि दातुम़ीश्वरः। किं बहुना। तस्मिञ्ज़ीवति **
to the Brâhmans also to give (is) free. What with much? ‘In him living
जीवामि तन्मरणे चा़नुमरणं करिष्यामी़ति प्रतिज्ञा वर्तते।
I live, at his-death and after (him)-dying I will make’ thus the resolution stands.
यतः। तिस्रः कोट्योऽर्धकोटी च यानि लोमानि मानवे।
For, Three crores half-a crore and, which hairs on a man,
तावत्कालं वसेत्स्व़र्गे भर्तारं या़नुगच्छति॥२८॥
so much-time shall dwell in heaven, the husband who follows. (28)
अन्यच्च़। व्यालग्राही यथा व्यालं बलादु़द्धरते विलात्।
Another and, A snake-catcher as a snake by force extracts from a hole,
तद्वद्भ़र्तारम़ादाय स्वर्गलोके महीयते॥२९॥
thus, the husband having taken, in the heavenly-world she is honoured. (29)
अपरं च। चितौ परिष्वज्य विचेतनं पतिं
Another and, On the pile having embraced the lifeless husband
प्रिया हि या मुंचति देहम़ात्मनः।
the loving one truly who forsakes the body of herself,
कृत्वा़पि पापं शतसंख्यम़प्य़सौ
having done also sin hundred-fold even she
पतिं गृहीत्वा सुरलोकम़ाप्नुयात्॥३०॥
the husband having taken the celestial-world shall obtain. (30)
एतत्स़र्वं श्रुत्वा स रथकारोऽवदत्। धन्योऽहं यस्य़ेदृशी
This all having heard that wheelwright said: ‘Happy (am) I, of whom such
प्रियवादिनी स्वामिवत्सला भार्य़ेति मनसि निधाय तां खट्वां
a kindly-speaking husband-loving wife,’ thus in mind keeping, that bedstead
स्त्रीपुरुषसहितां मूर्ध्नि कृत्वा सानंदं ननर्त।
with the wife-and man-together on (his) head having placed with-joy he danced.
अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। प्रत्यक्षेऽपि कृते दोष इत्यादि। ततो
Therefore I say: Before-the eyes even being committed an offence &c. Then
ऽहं तेन राज्ञा यथाव्यवहारं संपूज्य प्रस्थापितः। शुको
I by that king, according to-custom having honoured (me) despatched. The parrot
ऽपि मम पश्चाद़ागच्छन्ऩास्ते। एतत्स़र्वंपरिज्ञाय यथा कर्तव्यम़-
also me after approaching continues. This all having learned, as to be acted
नुसंधीयतां। चक्रवाको विहस्या़ह। देव वकेन तावद्दे-
let it be arranged! The Chakravâka smiling says: Sire, by the crane then
शांतरम़पि गत्वा यथाशक्ति राजकार्यम़नुष्ठितं।
to another-country also having gone according to-power the king’s-business accomplished.
किंतु देव स्वभाव एष मूर्खाणां।
However, Sire, the own-nature this of fools.
यतः। शतं दद्यान्ऩ विवदेद़िति विज्ञस्य संमतं।
For, A hundred should he give, not should he quarrel’ thus of the wise the opinion;
विना हेतुम़पि द्वंद्वम़ेतन्म़ूर्खस्य लक्षणं॥३१॥
“without a cause also contention,’ this of a fool the mark. (31)
राजा़ह। किम़तीतोपालंभनेन। प्रस्तुतम़नुसंधीयतां।
The king says: What with the past’s-reproach?The matter in hand be arranged!
चक्रवाको ब्रूते। देव विजने ब्रवीमि।
The Chakravâka says Sire, in private I speak.
यतः। वर्णकारप्रतिध्वानैर्ऩेचवक्त्रविकारतः।
For, By the colour-appearance-echoes, from eye-and mouth-change
अप्यू़हंति मनो धीरास्त़स्माद्रहसि मंत्रयेत्॥३२॥
also guess the mind the wise, therefore in secret he should consult. (32)
राजा मंत्री च तत्र स्थितौ। अन्येऽन्यत्रगताः। चक्रवाको
The king the minister and there remained. The others somewhere else gone. The Chak.
ब्रूते। देव अहम़ेवं जानामि। कस्या़प्य़स्मन्नियोगिनः प्रेरणया
says: Sire, I thus think:Of some of our-officerat the instigation
**वकेऩेदम़नुष्ठितं। **
by the crane this accomplished.
यतः। वैद्यानाम़ातुरः श्रेयान्व्य़सनी यो नियोगिनां।
For, For physicians a sick man (is) better; distressed who, for officers;
विदुषां जीवनं मूर्खः सद्वर्णो जीवनं सतां॥३३॥
of the learned a livelihood (is) a fool; one of good-caste a livelihood of the good. (33)
राजा़ब्रवीत्। भवतु। कारणम़त्रपश्चान्ऩिरूपणीयं संप्रति
The king said: Let it be! The cause here afterwards to be investigated, at present
यत्क़र्तव्यं तन्ऩिरूप्यतां। चक्रवाको ब्रूते। देव प्रणिधिस्त़ावत्प़्रहीयतां।
what to be done, that let be determined! The Chak. says: Sire, a spy first let be despatched!
ततस्त़दनुष्ठानं बलाबलं च जानीमः। तथा हि।
Thence his-undertaking, strength-weakness and we learn. Thus namely,
भवेत्स्व़परराष्ट्राणां कार्यकार्यावलोकने।
There should be of his own-and another’s-dominions of (what is) necessary-and unnecessary-in the examining
चारचक्षुर्म़हीभर्तुर्य़स्य ना़स्त्य़ंध एव सः॥३४॥
a spy’s-eye of an earth-lord; of whom not it is, blind indeed he. (34)
स च द्वितीयं विश्वासपात्रं गृहीत्वा यातु। तेना़सौ स्वयं
He and a second confidence-person having taken may go! Thus he, himself
तत्रा़वस्थाय द्वितीयं तत्रत्यमंत्रकार्यं सुनिभूतं
there staying, the second, of the inhabitants-the counsel-object very-privately
निश्चित्य निगद्य प्रस्थापयति। तथा चोक्तं।
having ascertained, having communicated, sends back. Thus and said :
तीर्थाश्रमसुरस्थाने शास्त्रविज्ञानहेतुना।
At holy bathing places-hermitages-temples of law-study-under the pretence
तपस्विव्यंजनोपेतैः स्वचरैः सह संवदेत्॥३५॥
with ascetics’-marks-furnished his-spies with he should communicate. (35)
गूढचारश्च़ यो जले स्थले चरति ततोऽसाव़ेव वको
A secret-spy and (is he) who in water on land goes, therefore this very crane
नियुज्यतां। एतादृश एव कश्चिद्व़को द्वितीयत्वेन प्रयातु
let be appointed! Like-him exactly some crane as second may go,
तद्गृहलोकाश्च़राजद्वारे तिष्ठंतु। किंतु देव एतद़पि
his-house-people and at the king’s-door may stand! However, Sire, this also
सुगुप्तम़नुष्ठातव्यं।
very-secretly to be accomplished.
यतः। षट्वर्णो भिद्यते मंत्रस्त़था प्राप्तश्च़ वार्त्तया।
For, By six-ears (heard) is split counsel, thus reached and by report’
इत्य़ात्मनाद्वितीयेन मंत्रःकार्यो महीभृता॥३६॥
thus himself-the second counsel to be made by a king. (36)
पश्य। मंत्रभेदेऽपि ये दोषा भवंति पृथिवीपते।
Behold, In counsel-breach also which injuries are, O earth-lord,
न शक्यास्त़ेसमाधातुम़िति नीतिविदां मतं॥३७॥
not (are) possible they to repair, thus of policy-knowers the opinion. (37)
राजा विमृश्योवाच। प्राप्तस्त़ावन्म़यो़त्तमः प्रणिधिः। मंत्री ब्रूते।
The king reflecting said: Found then by me an excellent spy. The minister says:
तदा संग्रामविजयोऽपि प्राप्तः। अत्रा़ंतरे प्रतीहारः प्रविश्य
Then war-victory also gained. There meanwhile a warder, having entered,
प्रणम्यो़वाच। देव जंबुद्वीपाद़ागतो द्वारि शुकस्त़िष्ठति।
having bowed, said: Sire, from Jambudvîpa arrived at the door the parrot stands.
राजा चक्रवाकम़ालोकते। चक्रवाकेणो़क्तं। तावद्ग़त्वा-
The king at the Chakravâka looks. By the Chakravâka said: So much having gone
वासे तिष्ठतु पश्चाद़ानीय द्रष्टव्यः।
in a dwelling may he stand, afterwards having led (him) near (he is) to be seen.
प्रतीहारस्त़म़ावासस्थानं नीत्वा गतः। राजा़ह। विग्रहस्त़ावत्
The warder him to a dwelling-place leading retired. retired. The king says: War then
समुपस्थितः। चक्रो ब्रूते। देव प्राग़ेव विग्रहो न विधिः।
approached. The Chakravâka says: Sire, at once verily war (is) not the rule.
यतः। स किं भृत्यः स किं मंत्री य आदाव़ेव भूपतिं।
For, He (what?) an attendant, he (what?) a minister, who at the beginning verily (to) theking
युद्धोद्योगं स्वभूत्यागं निर्दिशत्य़विचारितं॥३८॥
war-preparation one’s own-country’s-abandonment recommends without-consideration? (38)
अपरं च। विजेतुं प्रयतेता़रीन्ऩ युद्धेन कदाचन।
Another and, To conquer he should strive the enemies not by war at any time,
अनित्यो विजयो यस्माद्दृ़श्यते युध्यमानयोः॥३९॥
uncertain victory because is seen of two combatants. (39)
अन्यच्च़। साम्नादानेन भेदेन समस्तैऱथवा पृथक्।
Another and, By conciliation, by a giving, by separation combined or separately
साधितुं प्रयतेता़रीन्ऩ युद्धेन कदाचन॥४०॥
to settle he should strive enemies, not by war at any time. (40)
अपरं च। सर्व एव जनः शूरो ह्य़नासादितविग्रहः।
Another and, Every verily man (is) a hero surely (who has) not-approached-battle;
अदृष्टपरसामर्थ्यः सदर्पः को भवेन्न हि॥४१॥
not-having seen-the enemy’s-strength full of-pride who would be not forsooth? (41)
किंच। न तथोत्थाप्यते ग्रावा प्राणिभिर्दारुणा यथा।
Moreover, Not thus is uplifted a stone by living beings with a lever as;
अल्पोपायान्म़हासिद्धिरे़तन्म़ंत्रफलं महत्॥४२॥
through small-means great-success, this (is) the counsel-fruit great. (42)
किंतु विग्रहमु़पस्थितं विलोक्य व्यवह्रियतां।
Moreover, War approached having seen let be fought!
यतः। यथाकालकृतोद्योगात्कृ़षिः फलवती भवेत्।
For, Through according to-season-made-effort the ploughing fruitful will be;
तद्वन्ऩीतिऱियं देव चिरात्फ़लति रक्षणात्॥४३॥
likewise policy this, Sire, through long is fruitful preservation. (43)
अपरं च। महतो दूरभीरुत्वम़ासन्नेशूरता गुणः।
Another and, Of the great at a distance-apprehension, in proximity heroism (is) a quality;
विपत्तौ च महाल्ँल़ोके धीरताम़नुगच्छति॥४४॥
in adversity and a great man in the world firmness evinces. (44)
अन्यच्च़। प्रत्यूहः सर्वसिद्धीनाम़ुत्तापः प्रथमः किल।
Another and, An obstacle of all-successes (is) ardour first surely;
अतिशीतलम़प्य़ंभः किं भिनत्ति न भूभृतः॥४५॥
Exceedingly-cold even water (what ) does it break not mountains. (45)
विशेषतश्च़ महाबलोऽसौ चित्रवर्णो राजा।
Especially and of great-strength this Chitravarṇa king.
यतः। बलिना सह योद्धव्यम़िति ना़स्ति निदर्शनं।
For, ‘A strong one with to be battled’ thus not is an ordinance,
तद्युद्धं हस्तिना सार्धं नराणां मृत्युम़ावहेत्॥४६॥
that battle an elephant with of men death may bring. (46)
अन्यच्च़। स मूर्खः कालम़प्राप्य योऽपकर्तरि वर्तते।
Another and, He (is) a fool, (proper) time not having found who upon an opponent turns ;
कलिर्ब़लवता सार्धं कीटपक्षोद्यमो यथा॥४७॥
fighting a strong one with (is) insect-wings-fluttering as. (47)
किंच। कौर्मं संकोचमा़स्थाय प्रहारम़पि मर्षयेत्।
Moreover, To tortoise-like contraction having resorted a blow even he should suffer,
प्राप्तकाले तु नीतिज्ञ उत्तिष्ठेत्क्रू़रसर्पवत्॥४८॥
at the arrived-opportunity however the policy-knowing should stand up an enraged serpent-like. (48)
महत्य़ल्पेऽप्यु़पायज्ञः सममेव भवेत्क्षमः।
Against a great, against a small one also one in expedients-skilled equally indeed will be strong,
समुन्मूलयितुं वृक्षांस्तृ़णानी़व नदीरयः॥४९॥
to uproot trees grass as a river’s-current (is prepared). (49)
अतस्त़तो ऽप्या़श्वास्य तावद्ध्रि़यतां
Therefore his-messenger also, having made (him) comfortable, so long may be detained
यावद्दु़र्गः सज्जीक्रियते।
until a fortress is made ready.
यतः। एकः शतं योधयति प्राकारस्यो धनुर्धरः।
For, One a hundred fights on a wall-standing bow-holder,
शतं शतसहस्राणि तस्माद्दु़र्गंविशिष्यते॥५०॥
hundred hundred-thousands, therefore a fortress is preferred. (50)
किंच। अदुर्गो विषयः कस्य ना़रेः परिभवास्पदं।
Moreover, Without-a fortress a district of what not enemy for defeat-an object?
अदुर्गोऽनाश्रयो राजा पोतच्युतमनुष्यवत्॥५१॥
without-fortress without-support a king (is) from a boat-fallen-man-like. (51)
दुर्गं कुर्यान्म़हाखातमु़च्चप्राकारसंयुतं।
A fortress he should make with a large-ditch, with high-walls-supplied,
सयंत्रंसजलं शैलसरिन्मरुवनाश्रयं॥५२॥
with-engines, with-water, by rock-river-desert-wood-supported. (52)
विस्तीर्णता़तिवैषम्यं रसधान्येध्मसंग्रहः।
Extensiveness, exceeding-steepness, of liquor-grain-fuel-a store
प्रवेशश्च़ा़पसारश्च़ सप्तै़ता दुर्गसंपदः॥५३॥
an entrance and, egress and, seven these fortress-excellences. (53)
राजा़ह। दुर्गानुसंधाने को नियुज्यतां। चक्रो ब्रूते।
The king says: In a fort’s-construction who shall be employed? The Chakravâka says:
यो यत्र कुशलः कार्ये तं तत्र विनियोजयेत्।
Who where clever in a work, him there he should employ;
कर्मस्व़दृष्टकर्मायः शास्त्रज्ञोऽपि विमुह्यति॥५४॥
in works, not-(having) seen work who, science-knowing even is perplexed. ( 54 )
तद़ाहूयतां सारसः। तथा़नुष्ठिते सत्य़ागतं सारस-
Therefore let be called the Sârasa! Thus accomplished being, approached the Sârasa
म़ालोक्य राजो़वाच। भो सारस त्वं सत्वरं दुर्गम़नुसंधेहि।
having seen, the king said: O Sârasa, thou with-haste a fortress prepare!
सारसः प्रणम्यो़वाच। देव दुर्गं तावद़िदमे़व चिरात्सु़निरूपित-
The Sârasa having bowed said: Sire, a fortress already this verily since long well-selected
म़ास्ते महत्स़रः। किंत्व़त्रमध्यवर्तिद्वीपे द्रव्यसंग्रहः कार्यतां।
stands, a great pond. However here on the in the middlesituated-islanda provision-store let be made.
यतः। धान्यानां संग्रहो राजन्नु़त्तमः सर्वसंग्रहात्।
For, Of grain a store, O king, (is) better than any (other)-store,
निक्षिप्तं हि मुखे रत्नं न कुर्यात़्प्राणधारणं॥५५॥
cast for into the mouth a jewel not will make life-support. (55)
किंच। ख्यातः सर्वरसानां हि लवणो रस उत्तमः।
Moreover, Called (is) of all-flavours truly salt the flavour best,
गृहीतं च विना तेन व्यंजनं गोमयायते॥५६॥
received and without it a condiment is like cowdung. (56)
राजा़ह। सत्वरं गत्वा सर्वम़नुतिष्ठ। पुनः प्रविश्य
The king says With-haste going every thing accomplish! Again having entered
प्रतीहारो ब्रूते। देव सिंहलद्वीपाद़ागतो मेघवर्णो नाम वायसः
the warder says: Sire, from Siṁhala-dvîpa arrived Meghavarṇa by namea crow
सपरिवारो द्वारि तिष्ठति। देवपादं द्रष्टुम़िच्छति। राजा़ह।
with-retinue at the door stands. Your Majesty’s-foot to see he desires. The king says:
काकाः पुनः सर्वज्ञा बहुद्रष्टारश्च़। तद्भ़वति संग्राह्य
Crows surely (are) every thing-knowing much-seeing and. Therefore he is to be received’
इत्य़नुवर्तते। चक्रो ब्रूते। देव अस्त्ये़वं किंतु काकः स्थलचरस्
thus follows. The ChakraVâka says: Sire, it is thus, however the crow (is) a land-goer,.
तेनास्मद्विपक्षे नियुक्तः कथं संग्राह्यः। तथा चो़क्तं।
therefore, on the to us-opposed side engaged; how to be received? Thus and said:
आत्मपक्षं परित्यज्य परपक्षेषु यो रतः।
His own-side forsaking in the enemy’s-side who delights,
स परैर्ह़न्यते मूढो नीलवर्णशृगालवत्॥५७॥
he by the enemies is slain, the fool, the blue-coloured-jackal-like. (57)
राजो़वाच। कथमे़तत्। मंत्री कथयति। अस्त्य़रण्ये कश्चिच्छृ़गालः
The king said: How that? The minister relates: There is in a wood some jackal
स्वेच्छया नगरोपांते भ्राम्यन्ऩीलीभांडे पतितः
according to his-desire in a town’s-neighbourhood roaming in an indigo-vatfallen,
पश्चात्त़त उत्थातुम़समर्थः प्रातऱात्मानं मृतवत्स़ंदर्श्य
afterwards thence to get out unable in the morning himself death-like showing
स्थितः। अथ नीलीभांडस्वामिना मृत इति ज्ञात्वा तस्मात्
remained. Then by the indigo-vat’s-owner, ‘dead’ thus thinkingfrom it
समुत्थाप्य दूरे नीत्वा़पसारितस्त़स्मात्प़लायितः। ततो
having lifted (him) up afar having carried (him) thrown away thence escaped. Then
ऽसौ वनं गत्वा स्वकीयम़ात्मानं नीलवर्णम़वलोक्या़चिंतयत्।
he to a wood having gone his self blue-coloured seeing thought :
अहम़िदानीमु़त्तमवर्णस्त़दाहं स्वकीयोत्कर्षं किं न साधयामि। इत्य़ा-
I now of the finest-colour15, then I my-exaltation why not accomplish? Thus
लोच्य शृगालाऩाहूय तेनो़क्तं। अहं भगवत्या वनदेवतया
having reflected the jackals having called by him said: I by the holy forest-goddess
स्वहस्तेना़रण्यराज्ये सर्वौषधिरसेना़भिषिक्तः। तद़द्या-
with her own-hand in the wood-sovereignty with all-herbs’-essence anointed. Then to-day
रभ्या़रण्येऽस्मदाज्ञया व्यवहारः कार्यः। शृगालाश्च़
beginning in the wood according to my-order administration to be made. The jackals and
तं विशिष्टवर्णम़वलोक्य साष्टांगपातं प्रणम्यो़चुः।
him of distinguished-colour seeing with the eight-limbs’-prostration having bowed, said
यथा़ज्ञापयसे देव इति। अनेनै़व क्रमेण सर्वेष्व़रण्यवासिष्व़ा-
‘As thou commandest, Sire’ thus. In this very way over all wood-inhabitants
धिपत्यं तस्य बभूव। ततस्ते़न स्वज्ञातिभिऱावृतेना़धिक्यं
the sovereignty of him was. Then by him by his-relations surrounded supremacy
साधितं। ततस्ते़न व्याघ्रसिंहादीनु़त्तमपरिजनान्
(was) accomplished. Afterwards by him, tigers-lions-&c. as highest-attendants
प्राप्य सदसि शृगालाऩवलोक्य लज्जमानेना़वज्ञया
having received in the assembly upon the jackals looking down, being ashamed, through contempt
स्वज्ञातयः सर्वे दूरीकृताः। ततो विषणाञ्शृ़गालाऩवलोक्य
his-relations all (were) removed. Then dejected the jackals seeing
केनचिद्वृ़द्धशृगालेनै़तत़्प्रतिज्ञातं। मा विषीदत यद़नेना़नभिज्ञेन
by some old-jackal this (was) promised: Not do despair, because by him ignorant
नीतिविदो मर्मज्ञा वयं स्वसमीपात्प़रिभूताः। तद्य़था़यं
policy-knowing with secrets-acquainted we from his-proximity removed. Then that he
नश्यति तथा विधेयं। यतोऽमी व्याघ्रादयो वर्णमात्रविप्रलब्धाः
perishes, thus to be managed. For those tigers-&c. by the colour-merely-deceived
शृगालम़ज्ञात्वा राजानम़िमं मन्यंते। तद्य़था़यं परिचितो भवति
the jackal not-recognising king him think. Then that he detected is,
तथा कुरुत। तत्रचै़वम़नुष्ठेयं। यतः सर्वे संध्यासमये
thus act! Thereand thus to be executed: When (you) allat twilight-time
संनिधाने महारावमे़कदै़व करिष्यथ ततस्त़ंशब्दम़ाकर्ण्य
in (his) proximity a great-howl at once together will make, then that noise having heard
जातिस्वभावात्ते़ना़पि शब्दः कर्तव्यः। ततस्त़था़नुष्ठिते
through his race-nature by him also noise to be made. Then thus accomplished
सति तद्वृत्तं।
being that happened.
यतः। यः स्वभावो हि यस्या़स्ति स नित्यं दुरतिक्रमः।
For, What natural disposition namely of whom is, that always hard-to be overcome,
श्वा यदि क्रियते राजा तत्क़िंना़श्नात्यु़पानहं॥५८॥
a dog if is made king, then (what?) not does he gnaw the shoe? (58)
ततः शब्दाद़भिज्ञाय स व्याघ्रेण हतः। तथा चो़क्तं।
Then from the noise having recognised (him) he by a tiger killed. Thus and said,
छिद्रं मर्म च वीर्यं च सर्वं वेत्ति निजो रिपुः।
A defect, the heart and, the power and, all knows one’s own enemy,
दहत्यंतर्गतश़्चै़व शुष्कं वृक्षम़िवा़नलः॥५९॥
he burns having entered and verily a dry tree as fire. (59)
अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। आत्मपक्षं परित्यज्ये़त्यादि।
Therefore I say: His own-side forsaking &c.
राजा़ह। यद्ये़वं तथा़पि दृश्यतां तावद़यंदूराद़ागतः।
The king says: If (it is) so, thus even let be seen at least this one from afar approached
तत्स़ंग्रहे विचारः कार्यः। चक्रो ब्रूते। देव प्रणिधिः
Then about the reception deliberation to be made. The Chak. says: Sire, a spy (is)
प्रहितो दुर्गश्च़ सज्जीकृतः। अतः शुकोऽप्या़नीय
despatched, the fortress and prepared. Therefore the parrot also having led (him) near
प्रस्थाप्यतां। यतः।
may be sent away! For,
नंदं जघान चाणक्यस्त़ीक्ष्णदूतप्रयोगतः।
Nanda slew Chânakya by a sharp-ambassador-employing,
तद्दू़रांतरितं दूतं पश्येद्व़ीरसमन्वितः॥६०॥
therefore widely-separated an ambassador he should see by heroes-surrounded. (60)
ततः सभां कृत्वा़हूतः शुकः काकश्च़। शुकः
Then an assembly having made, (was) called the parrot, the crow and. The parrot
किंचिदुन्नतशिरा दत्तासन उपविश्य ब्रूते। भो हिरण्यगर्भ
with a little-raised-head on a presented-seat having sat down says: 0 Hiranyagarbha,
महाराजाधिराजः श्रीमच्चित्रवर्णस्त्व़ांसमाज्ञापयति। यदि जीवितेन
of great-kings-the sovereign the blessed-Chitravarṇa thee commands: Ifof life
श्रिया वा प्रयोजनम़स्ति तदा सत्वरम़ागत्या़स्मच्चरणौ प्रणम
of fortune or use is, then with-haste having approached before-our feet bow,
न चेद़वस्थातुं स्थानांतरं चिंतय। राजा सकोपम़ाह। आः को
not if, for to reside of another place think! The king with anger says: Ha, some
ऽप्य़स्माकं पुरतो ना़स्ति य एनं गलहस्तयति। उत्थाय मेघवर्णो
of us in front not is, who that one by the neck seizes? Up-rising Meghavarṇa
ब्रूते। देवाज्ञापय हन्मि दुष्टं शुकं। सर्वज्ञो राजानं काकं च
says: Sire, command! I kill the wretched parrot Sarvajña the king the crow and
शांत्वयन्ब्रू़ते। शृणु तावत्।
pacifying says: Listen first,
न सा सभा यत्रन संति वृद्धा वृद्धा न ते ये न वदंति धर्मं।
Not (is) that a council, where not are elders, elders (are) not those who not declare the law,
धर्मः स नो यत्र न सत्यम़स्ति सत्यं न तद्य़च्छ़लम़भ्युपैति॥६१॥
the law that not surely (is) where not truth is, truth (is) not that, which to deceit approaches. (61)
यतो धर्मश़्चै़षः। दूतो म्लेच्छोऽप्य़वध्यः स्याद़्राजा दूतमुखो यतः।
For law and this, An ambassador (being) a barbarian even, inviolable should be, the king the ambassador-as mouth having because;
उद्यतेष्व़पि शस्त्रेषु दूतो वदति ना़न्यथा॥६२॥
being uplifted even the weapons an ambassador speaks not otherwise. (62)
किंच। स्वापकर्षंपरोत्कर्षं दूतोक्तैर्म़न्यते तु कः।
Moreover, His own-inferiority the enemy’s-superiority on an ambassador’s-words believes truly who?
सदै़वा़वध्यभावेन दूतः सर्वंहि जल्पति॥६३॥
Always verily because of (his) inviolable-character an ambassador everything surely talks. (63)
ततो राजा काकश्च़ स्वां प्रकृतिम़ापन्नौ शुकोऽप्यु़त्थाय
Then the king the crow and their natural state recovered, the parrot also rising
चलितः। पश्चाच्च़क्रवाकेणा़नीय प्रबोध्य
started. Afterwards by the Chakravaka having led near, having instructed (him),
कनकालंकारादिकं दत्त्वा संप्रेषितो ययौ। शुकोऽपि विंध्या-
gold-ornaments-&c. having given, despatched he departed. The parrot also the Vindhya-
चलराजानं प्रणतवान्। राजोवाच। शुक का वार्त्ताकीदृशोऽसौ
mountain’s-king saluted. The king said: Parrot, what news? what like (is) that
देशः। शुको ब्रूते। देव संक्षेपाद़ियं वार्त्ता। संप्रति युद्धोद्योगः
country? The parrot says:Sire, in brief this news: Now war-commencement
क्रियतां देशश़्च़ासौ कर्पूरद्वीपः स्वर्गैकदेशो राजा च
let be made! country and that Karpûradvipa of paradise-a part, the king and
द्वितीयः स्वर्गपतिः कथं वर्णयितुं शक्यते। ततः सर्वाञ्श़िष्टाऩाहूय
a second paradise-lord how be described can? Then all chiefs having called
राजा मंत्रयितुमु़पविष्ट आह च। संप्रति कर्तव्यविग्रहे यथा कर्तव्यमु़-
the king to deliberate seated says and: Now in the coming-war how to be acted,
पदेशं ब्रूत। विग्रहः पुनऱवश्यं कर्तव्यः।
advice speak! War however necessarily to be made.
तथा चो़क्तं। असंतुष्टा द्विजा नष्टाः संतुष्टा इव पार्थिवाः।
Thus and said: Discontented twice-borns (are) lost, contented as kings ;
सलज्जा गणिका नष्टा निर्लज्जाश्च़ कुलस्त्रियः॥६४॥
with-modesty a mistress (is) lost, immodest and noble-women. (64)
दूरदर्शी नाम गृध्रो ब्रूते देव व्यसनितया विग्रहो न विधिः।
Dûradarśin by name the vulture says: Sire, by dissoluteness war (is) not the rule.
यतः। मित्रामात्यसुहृद्वर्गायदा स्युर्दृ़ढभक्तयः।
For, Of allies-ministers-friends-the assemblages when shall be of firm-attachment,
शत्रूणां विपरीताश्च़ कर्तव्यो विग्रहस्त़दा॥६५॥
of the enemies’ the reverse and, to be made (is) war then. (65)
अन्यच्च। भूमिर्म़ित्रंहिरण्यं च विग्रहस्य फलं त्रयं।
Another and, Territory, a friend, gold and of war the fruit threefold;
यदै़तन्ऩिश्चितं भावि कर्तव्यो विग्रहस्त़दा॥६६॥
if this. decidedly will be, to be made war then. (66)
राजा़ह। मद्वलं तावद़वलोकयतु मंत्री। तदै़तेषामु़पयोगो
The king says: My-forces first may inspect the minister! Then of them the efficiency
ज्ञायतां। एवम़ाहूयतां मौहूर्तिकः। निर्णीय शुभलग्नं
may be ascertained! Likewise let be called the astrologer! Ascertaining a lucky-moment
ददातु। मंत्री ब्रूते। तथा़पि सहसा यात्राकरणम़नुचितं।
he may give!The minister says: Thus even with rashness expedition-making improper .
यतः। विशंति सहसा मूढायेऽविचार्य द्विषद्बलं।
For, Engage with rashness fools who not-deliberating the enemy’s-forces,
खड्गधारापरिष्वंगं लभंते ते सुनिश्चितं॥६७॥
a sword-edge-embrace receive they most assuredly. (67)
राजा़ह। मंत्रिन् ममोत्साहभंगं सर्वथा मा कृथाः। विजिगीषुर्य़था
The king says: Minister, of me energy-breach wholly not do make! Wishing to conquer how
परभूमिम़ाक्रामति तथा कथय। गृध्रो ब्रूते। तत्क़थयामि। किंतु
an enemy’s-country one enters, thus relate! The vulture says: That I relate. However
तद़नुष्ठितमे़व फलप्रदं।
that executed only (is) fruit-granting.
तथा चो़क्तं। किं मंत्रेणा़ननुष्ठानाच्छ़ास्त्रवित्पृथिवीपतेः।
Thus and said: What with advice without-accomplishment of a science-knowing-earth-lord?
न ह्य़ौषधपरिज्ञानाद्व्य़ाधेः शांतिः क्वचिद्भ़वेत्॥६८॥
not for through medicine-knowledge of a disease cure anywhere can be. (68)
राजादेशश़्च़ानतिक्रमणीयः। यथा श्रुतं तन्ऩिवेदयामि। शृणु।
The king’s-command and not to be transgressed. As heard this I make known. Listen,
नद्यद्रिवनदुर्गेषु यत्र यत्र भयं नृप।
At rivers-mountains-woods-difficult roads where where danger, O king,
तत्र तत्र च सेनानीर्य़ायाद्व्यू़हीकृतैर्ब़लैः॥६९॥
there there and the army-leader should go with arrayed forces. (69)
बलाध्यक्षः पुरो यायात़्प्रवीरपुरुषान्वितः।
The force-superintendant in front should go by the bravest-men-surrounded,
मध्ये कलत्रंस्वामी च कोषः फल्गु च यद्व़लं॥७०॥
in the middle the wife, the prince and, the treasure, weak and what force (70)
पार्श्वयोरु़भयोऱश्वा अश्वानां पार्श्वतो रथाः।
on sides both the horses, of the horses by the side the chariots,
रथानां पार्श्वयोर्ऩागा नागानां च पदातयः॥७१॥
of the chariots on both sides the elephants, of the elephants (by the side) and the foot-sol-diers (71)
पश्चात्से़नापतिर्य़ायात्ख़िन्नाऩाश्वासयञ्श़नैः
Behind the army-leader should go, the wearied encouraging quietly;
मंत्रिभिः सुभटैर्यु़क्तः प्रतिगृह्य बलं नृपः॥७२॥
by the ministers, excellent-warriors accompanied taking up the force the king. (72)
समेयाद्व़िषमं नागैर्ज़लाढ्यं समहीधरं।
he should cross the uneven (ground) with elephants, the in water-abounding hilly,
समम़श्चैर्ज़लं नौभिः सर्वत्रै़व पदातिभिः॥७३॥
a plain with horses, water with boats, everywhere surely with foot-soldiers. (73)
हस्तिनां गमनं प्रोक्तं प्रशस्तं जलदागमे।
Of elephants the march (is) proclaimed as best on the clouds’-approach,
तदन्यत्र तुरंगाणां पत्तीनां सर्वदै़व हि॥७४॥
that-except of horses, of foot-soldiers at all times verily indeed. (74)
शैलेषु दुर्गमार्गेषु विधेयं नृपरक्षणं।
Among hills, on difficult-roads to be made king’s-guarding,
स्वयोधै रक्षितस्या़पि शयनं योगिनिद्रया॥७५॥
by his-warriors of the guarded even resting (is) with a Yogin’s-sleep. (75)
नाशयेत्क़र्षयेच्छ़त्रून्दु़र्गकंटकमर्दनैः।
He should destroy, he should harass the enemies by defile-obstacles-crushing;
परदेशप्रवेशे च कुर्याद़ाटविकान्पु़रः॥७६॥
on the enemy’s-country-entering and he should place the pioneers in front. (76)
यत्र राजा तत्र कोषो विना कोषान्ऩ राजता।
Where the king, there the treasure; without treasure not kingship;
स्वभृत्येभ्यस्त़तो दद्यात्क़ोहि दातुर्ऩ युध्यते॥७७॥
to his-attendants thereof he should give; who namely for a giver not does fight? (77)
यतः। न नरस्य नरो दासो दासस़्त्व़र्थस्य भूपते।
For, Not of man man (is) the slave, the slave but of wealth, O earth-lord!
गौरवं लाघवं वा़पि धनाधननिबंधनं॥७८॥
Weight insignificance or also (are) on wealth-and want of wealth-contingent. (78)
अभेदेन च युध्येत रक्षेच़्चै़व परस्परं।
Without a break and should he fight, he should defend and verily mutually.
फल्गु सैन्यं च यत्क़िंचिन्म़ध्ये ब्यूहस्य कारयेत्॥७९॥
Weak part of the army and what ever, in the middle of the army he should place. (79)
पदातींश्च़ महीपालः पुरोऽनीकस्य योजयेत्।
The foot-soldiers and the earth-protector in front of the army should set;
उपरुध्या़रिम़ासीत राष्ट्रं चा़स्यो़पपीडयेत्॥४०॥
blockading the enemy he should continue, the realm and of him he should oppress. (80)
स्यंदनाश्वैःसमे युध्येद़नूपे नौद्विपैस्त़था।
With chariots-and horse on level ground he should fight, on swampy with boats-and elephants groundlikewise ;
वृक्षगुल्मावृते चापैऱसिचर्मायुधैः स्थले॥८१॥
on with trees-and bushes-covered with arrows, with swords-shield-weapons on dry land. (81)
दूषयेच्च़ा़स्य सततं यवसान्नोदकेंधनं।
He should destroy and of him constantly corn-victuals-water-fuel,
भिंद्याच़्चै़व तडागानि प्राकारान्प़रिखास्त़था॥४२॥
he should break and also the tanks, ramparts, trenches likewise. (82)
बलेषु प्रमुखो हस्ती न तथा़न्यो महीपतेः।
Among the forces the chief (is) the elephant, not thus another of a king ;
निजैऱवयवैरे़व मातंगोऽष्टायुधः स्मृतः॥८३॥
with his natural limbs already the elephant (is) eight-weaponed recorded. (83)
बलम़श्वश्च़ सैन्यानां प्राकारो जंगमो यतः।
The strength (is) the horse and of armies, a bulwark movable because,
तस्माद़श्वाधिको राजा विजयी स्थलविग्रहे॥८४॥
therefore an in horse-superior king (is) victorious in a land-fight. (84)
तथा चो़क्तं। युध्यमाना हयारूढा देवानाम़पि दुर्जयाः।
Thus and said: Combatants on horses-mounted (are) for gods even hard-to be defeated;
अपि दूरस्थितास्त़ेषां वैरिणोहस्तवर्तिनः॥५॥
even afar-standing of them enemies in the hand-being. (85)
प्रथमं युद्धकारित्वं समस्तबलपालनं।
The first belligerent’s-duty (is) the entire-forces’-preservation;
दिङ्मार्गाणां विशोधित्वं पत्तिकर्म प्रचक्ष्यते॥४६॥
of the country-roads the clearing the infantry-business is proclaimed. (86)
स्वभावशूरमस्त्रज्ञम़विरक्तं जितश्रमं।
A by its own-nature-brave, in arms-skilled, not-disloyal, overcoming-fatigues,
प्रसिद्धक्षत्रियप्रायं बलं श्रेष्ठतमं विदुः॥८७॥
of renowned-Kshatriyas-chiefly consisting force the best they consider (87)
यथा प्रभुकृतान्म़ानाद्युध्यंते भुवि मानवाः।
As through by the commander-bestowed honour, fight in the world, men,
न तथा बहुभिर्द़त्तैर्द़्रविणैऱपि भूपतेः॥८८॥
not thus for many given treasures even of an erath-load. (88)
वरम़ल्यबलं सारं न कुर्यान्म़ुंमंडली।
Better (is) a small-force excellent; not should he make a bald heads’-host;
कुर्याद़सारभंगो हि सारभंगम़पि स्फुटं॥८९॥
there will make of the worthless-the breach surely of the excellent-breach even evidently.(89)
अप्रसादोऽनधिष्ठानं देयांशहरणं च यत्॥
Want-of favour, not-superintending, ration-appropriation and which,
कालयापोऽप्रतीकारस्त़द्वै़राग्यस्य कारणं॥९९॥
procrastination, non-redress, this (is) of disaffection the cause. (90)
अपीडयन्ब़लं शचूञ्ज़िगीषुऱतिषेलयेत्।
Not-distressing (his) force the enemies one wishing to conquer should cause to march much;
सुखं साध्यं द्विषांसैन्यं दीर्घयानप्रपीडितं॥९१॥
easily to be defeated (is) of enemies anarmy by long-marches-distressed. (91)
दायादाद़परो मंत्रोना़स्ति भेदकरो द्विषां।
Than a pretender another design not is destruction-causing of enemies,
तस्मादु़त्थापयेद्य़त्नााद्द़ायादं तस्य विद्विषः॥९२॥
therefore should he raise up with pains apretender tothat enemy. (92)
संधाय युवराजेन यदिवा मुख्यमंत्रिणा॥
Having combined with the heir apparent or with the chief-minieter,
अंतःप्रकोपनं कार्यम़भियोक्तुः स्थिरात्मनः॥९३॥
Inward-irritation (is) to be caused by the assailant resolute-minded. (93)
क्रूरं मित्रंरणे चा़पि भंगं दत्त्वाविधातयेत्।
The faithless ally in battle and also, overthrow having given, he should destroy,
अथवा गोग्रहाकृष्ट्या तल्लक्ष्याश्रितबंधनात्॥९४॥
or by cattle-capture-carrying off, through his-plot-followers-enslaving. (94)
स्वराज्यं वासयेद़्राजा परदेशापवाहनात्।
His own-realm should populate a king by from the enemy’s-country-leading away,
अथवा दानमानाभ्यां वासितं धनदंहि तत्॥९५॥
or by generosity-and patronage; populated revenue-yielding (is) certainly that. (95)
राज़ाह। आः किं बहुनोदितेन।
The king says:Oh, what with much talk?
आत्मोदयः परग्लानिर्द्व़यंनीतिऱित़ीयती।
Self-exaltation, the enemy’s-fall, both policy thus so great;
तद़ूरीकृत्य कृतिभिर्व़ाचस्पत्यं प्रतीयते॥९६॥
this admitting by the prudent eloquence is understood. (96)
मंत्रिणा विहस्यो़च्यते। सर्वम़ेतद्व़िशेषतश्च़ो़च्यते॥ किंतु।
By the minister smiling is said: All this most particularly, even is said, However,
अन्यदुच्छृंखलं सत्त्वम़न्यच्छ़ास्त्रनियंत्रितं।
One (is) unrestrained being, the other by laws-governed,
सामानाधिकरण्यं हि तेजस्तिमिरयोः कुतः॥९७॥
the same-location namely of light-and darkness whence? (97)
तत उत्थाय राजा मौहूर्तिकावेदितलग्नेप्रस्थितः। अथ
Then having risen the king at by the astrologer-appointed-time set out. Now
प्रहितप्रणिधिार्ह़रण्यगर्भम़ागत्यो़वाच । देवसमागतप्रायो
the despatched-spy Hiranyagarbha having approached said: Sire, arrived-almost
राजा चित्रवर्णःसंप्रति मलयपर्वताधित्यकायां समावासितकटको
king Chitravarna at present on the Malaya-mountain’s-table land having pitched-(his) camp
ऽनुवर्तते । दुर्गशोधनं प्रतिक्षणम़नुसंधातव्यं यतो ऽसौगृध्रो
remains. Fortress-clearance16at-the moment (is) to be instituted, for that vulture
महामंत्री। किंच केनचित्स़ह तस्य विश्वासकथा-
(is) a great-minister, Moreover somebody with, of him through confidential-
प्रसंगेऩैव तद़िंगितम़वगतं मया यद़नेन कोऽप्य़स्मद्दुर्गे
conversation verily this hint understood by me, that by him somebody in our-fortress
प्रागेव नियुक्तः। चक्रो ब्रूते। देव काक एवा़सौसंभवति।
before already installed, The Chakravika says: Sire, the crow only that can be,
राजा़ह। ने कदाचिदे़तत्। यद्येवं तदा कथं तेन शुकस्या़-
The king says: Not ever that. If thus, then why by him of the parrot
भिभवोद्योगः कृतः। अपरं च। शुकंस्या़गमनात्त़स्य विग्रहोत्साहः।
defeat-effort made? Sincethe parrot’s approach of that one the war-exertion;
चिराद़त्रा़स्ते। मंत्री ब्रूते।तथा़प्य़ागंतुः शंकनीयः।
he since long here stays: The minister saye: Thus even a stranger to be suspected.
राजा़ह। आगंतुका हिकदाचिदु़पकारका दृश्यंते। शृणु।
The king says: Strangers surely sometimes serviceable are seen. Listen,
परो ऽपि हितवान्ब़़ंधुर्ब़ंधुऱप्य़हितः परः।
A stranger even, (if) kind, (is) arelation, a relation even, (if) unkind, (is) astranger;
अहितो देहजो व्याधिर्ह़ितम़ारण्यम़ौषधं॥९८॥
inauspicious (is) in the body-generated a disease, auspicious in woods grown a drug. (98)
अपरं च। आसीद्व़ीरवरो नाम शूद्रकस्य महीभूतः।
Another and, There was Viravara by name of Siidraka the king
सेवकः स्वल्पकालेन स ददौसुतम़ात्मनः॥९९॥
an attendant, in very-short-time he gave the son of himself. (99)
चक्रः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। राजा कथयति। अहं पुरा शूद्रकस्य
The Chakravika asks: How that? Theking relates: I formerly of Sitidraka
राज्ञः क्रीडासरसि कर्पूरकेलिनाम्नो राजहंसस्य पुत्र्या
the king ona pleasure-lake ofthe Karpurakeli-named flamingo the daughter
कर्पूरमंजर्यासहा़नुरागवाऩभवं। तत्रवीरवरो नाम महाराजपुत्रः
Karpiramafijart with in love was. ‘There Viravara byname a great-king’s-son
कुतश्चिद्दे़शद़ागत्य राजद्वारमु़पगम्य प्रतीहारमु़वाच।
from some country having arrived to the king’s-door having gone the warder addressed:
अहं तद्वेतनार्थीराजपुत्रः। राजदर्शनं कारय। ततस्त़ेना़सौ
I his-service-seeking a king’s-son. Of the king-seeing let me make! Then by him he
राजदर्शनं कारितो ब्रूते। देव यदि मया सेवकेन
of the king-seeing allowed tomake says: Sire, If forme as an attendant
प्रयोजनम़स्ति तदा़स्मद्वर्तनं क्रियतां। शूद्रक उवाच। किं ते
occasion there is, then our-pay let be fixed! Sudraka said: What of thee
वर्तनं। वीरवरो ब्रूते। प्रत्यहं सुवर्णपंचशतानि देहि। राजा़ह।
the pay?Viravara:says: Daily of Suvarnas-five hundred give! The king says:
का ते सामग्री। वीरवरो ब्रूते। द्वौ बाहू तृतीयश्च़खड्गः।
What of thethe retinue? Viravara says: Two arms, as third and a sword.
राजा़ह। ऩैतच्छ़क्यं। तच्छु़त्वा वीरवरश्च़लितः। अथ
The king says: Not (is) this possible. This having heard Viravara departed. Then
मंत्रिभिरु़क्तं। देव दिनचतुष्टयस्य वर्तनं दत्त्वाज्ञायताम़स्य
by the ministers. said; Sire, four days’ pay giving et be ascertained of him
स्वरूपं किमु़पयुक्तो ऽयमे़तावद्व़र्तनं गृह्णात्य़पयुक्तो वे़ति।
his-character, whether worthy he somuch pay receives, unworthy or, thus.
ततोमंत्रिवचनाद़ाहूय वीरवराय तांबूलं दत्त्वा
Then upon the ministers’-advice having called (him), toViravara betel having given,
पंचशतानि सुवर्णानि दत्तानितद्विनियोगश्च़ राज्ञा
five-hundred Suvarnas (were) given, of that-the application and by the king
सुनिभृतं निरूपितः।तदर्धंवीरवरेण देवेभ्यो ब्राह्मणेभ्यो
very-privately watched. Of that-one half by Viravara for the gods to the Brahmans
दत्तं स्थितस्या़र्धं दुःखितेभ्यस्त़दवशिष्टं
(was) given away, of the remaining one half to the needy, of that-the remainder
भोज्यव्ययविलासव्ययेन।शतत्स़र्वंनित्यकृत्यं कृत्वा
through food-expenditure-and amusement-expenditure. This all as a pious-practice doing
राजद्वारम़हर्निशं खड्गपाणिः सेवते यदा च राजा स्वयं
the king’s-door day-and night sword-in hand he watches, when and the king himself
समादिशति तदा स्वगृहम़पि याति।अथै़कदा कृष्णचतुर्दश्यां
commands, then to his own-house also he goes. Now once of the dark (half)-on thefourteenth
रात्रौराजा स करुणं क्रंदनध्वनिं शूश्राव। शूद्रक उवाच। कः
at night king that a piteous weeping-noise heard, Sudraka said; Who,
को ऽत्र द्वारि।तेनो़क्तं। देवा़हं वीरवरः। राजोवाच। क्रंद-
who there at the door? By him said: Sire, I Viravara, The king said: Of the
नानुसरणं क्रियतां। वीरवरो यथा़ज्ञापयति देव इत्यु़क्त्वा
weeping-going after let be made! Viravara, ‘as commands Your Majesty’ thus saying,
चलितः। राज्ञा च चिंतितं। न तदु़चितं। अयमे़काकी राजपुत्रो
departed. By the king and reflected: Not this proper. This alone king’s-son
मया सूचीभेद्ये तमसि प्रेरितः। तद़नुगत्वा किमे़-
by me: in with a needle-pierceable darkness despatched. Therefore following, ‘what
तद़िति निरूपयामि। ततोराजा़पि खड्गम़ादाय तदनुसरण-
that’ thus l investigate. Then the king also, asword having taken of him-following-
क्रमेण नगराद्व़हिर्ऩिर्जगाम। गत्वा च वीरवरेण सा रुदती
by way from the town out went. Having gone and by Viravara that weeping,
रूपयौवनसंपन्नासर्वालंकारभूषिता काचित़्स्त्रीदृष्टापुष्टा
with beauty-and youth-endowed with all-ornaments-decorated some woman seen asked
च। का त्व॑ किमर्थं रोदिषि। स्त्रियो़क्तं। अहमे़तस्य
and: Who thou? wherefore doest thou weep? Bythe woman said: I of that
शूद्रकस्य राजलक्ष्मीश्च़िरादे़तस्यभुजच्छायायां महता सुखेन
Sudraka the king’s-Fortune since long of him in the arm-shade with greathappiness
विश्रांत़ेदानीम़न्यत्रगमिष्यामि। वीरवरो ब्रूते। यत्रा़पायः
having reposed, now toanother place shall go.Viravara says: Where departure
संभवति तत्रो़पायो ऽप्य़स्ति। तत्क़थं स्यात्पु़नऱिहा़वलंबनं
is possible, there approach also is. ‘Therefore, how might be again here residence
भवत्याः। लक्ष्मीरू़वाच। यदि त्वम़ात्मनः पुत्रं शक्तिधरं द्वात्रिंशल्ल-
of you? Fortune said: ‘If thou ofthyself the son Saktidhara, with thirty-two-
क्षणोपेतं भगवत्याः सर्वमंगलायाउपहारीकरोषि
(auspicious) marks-endowed, of the venerable all-auspicious one17an offering-markset,
तदा़हं पुनऱत्रसुचिरं निवसामी़त्यु़क्त्वा़दृश्या़भवत्।ततो
then Iagain here for very-long dwell’ thus saying invisible she became. Then
वीरवरेण स्वगृहं गत्वा निद्रायमाणा स्वबधूःप्रबोधिता पुत्रश्च़।
by Viravara to his-house having gone sleeping his-wife (was) awakened, the son and.
तौनिद्रां परित्यज्यो़त्थायो़पविष्टौ। वीरवरस्त़त्स़र्वं
Those two sleep having renounced having risen sat down.Viravara thatwhole
लक्ष्मीवचनमु़क्तवान्। तच्छ्रु़त्वा सानंदः शक्तिधरो ब्रूते। धन्यो
Fortune’s-speech related.That having heard with-joy Saktidhara says: Happy (am)
ऽहमे़वंभूतः स्वामिराज्यरक्षार्थं यन्ममो़पयोगः श्लाघ्यः॥
I, such for the master’s-sovereignty’s-preservation’s-sake that of me use praiseworthy!
तत्क़ोऽधुना विलंबस्य हेतुः। एवंविधे कर्मणि देहस्य विनियोगः
Then what now for delay cause? In such an action of the body employment (is)
श्लाघ्यः। यतः।
praiseworthy. For.
धनानि जीवितं चै़व परार्थे प्राज्ञ उत्सृजेत्।
Riches,. life and even; for another’s-sake the wise should give-up,
सन्निमित्तेवरं त्यागो विनाशे नियतेसति॥१००॥
for good’s-sake preferable the sacrifice, destruction destined being. (100)
शक्तिधरमातो़वाच। यद्ये़तन्ऩ कर्तव्यं तत्के़ना़प्य़न्येन कर्मणा
Saktidhara’s-mother said: If this not tobe done, then by which possible otheract
मुख्यस्य महावर्तनस्य निष्क्रयोभविष्यति। इत्या़लोच्य सर्वे सर्व-
of the excellent great-pay requital will be? Thus having reflected all of the all-
मंगलायाः स्थानं गताः। तत्रसर्वमंगलांसंपूज्य
auspicious one to the residence gone. ‘There the all-auspicious one having worshipped
वीरवरो ब्रूते। देवि प्रसीदविजयतां विजयतां शूद्रको
Viravara says: ‘O goddess, be pleased! Let be victorious let be victorious Siidraka
महाराजो गृह्यतामु़पहार इत्यु़क्त्वापुत्रस्य शिरश्च़िच्छेद।
। the great-king! Let be accepted (my) offering’ thus saying the son’s head he cut off.
ततो वीरवरश्च़िंतयामास। गृहीतराजवर्तनस्य निस्तारः कृतः। अधुना
Then Viravara reflected: Of the received-king’s-pay acquittance made. Now
निष्पुत्रस्य जीवनेना़लमि़त्या़लोच्या़त्मनः शिरच्छेदः कृतः।
of a soniess man with the life enough! thus considering of himself head-cutting made.
ततः स्तिया़पि स्वामिपुत्रशोकार्तया तद़नुष्टितं।
Then by the woman also with for husband-and son-sorrow-pained that accomplished.
तत्स़र्वं दृष्ट्वाराजा साश्चर्यं चिंतयामास।
That all having seen the king with astonishment was thinking:
जीवंति च म्रियंते च मद्विधाः क्षुद्रजंतवः।
There live and, there die andme-like little-creatures;
अनेन सदृशोलोके न भूतो न भविष्यति॥१०१॥
to this onesimilar in the world not has been, not will be. (101)
तदै़तेन परित्यक्तेन मम राज्येना़प्य़प्रयोजनं। ततः शूद्रकेणा़पि
Then of him deprived of me of the kingdom even no-use. Then by Sudraka also
स्वशिरश्छ़ेत्तुंखड्गःसमुत्थापितः। अथ भगवत्यासर्वमंगलया
his-head to cut off the sword (was) raised up.Now bythe venerable all-auspicious one
राजा हस्ते धृत उक्तश्च़। पुत्र प्रसन्ना़स्मिते।
the king by the hand held accosted and: My son, favourable am I to thee.
एतावता साहसेना़लं। जीवनांतेऽपि तव राज्यभंगो ना़स्ति।
With such rashness enough! To (thy) life’e-end even of thee kingdom-loss not is.
राजा च साष्टांगपातं प्रणम्योंवाच। देवि किं मे
The king and with-prostration having saluted (her) said: Goddess, what of me
राज्येन जीवितेन वा किं प्रयोजनं। यद्य़हम़नुकंपनीयस्त़दा ममा़-
of the kingdom, of life or what use? IfI (am) to be pitied, then of me
युःशेषेणा़यं सदारपुत्रो वीरवरो जीवत्व़न्यथा़हं यथाप्राप्तिं
for the life-rest this with-wife-and son Viravara may live, otherwise I according to-finding
गतिं गच्छामि। भगवत्यु़वाच। पुत्र अनेन ते सत्योत्कर्षेण
the path go. The venerable one said: Son, with this of thee true-nobility
भृत्यवात्सल्येन च तव तुष्टा़मि। गच्छ। विजयी भव। अय-
for attendants-tenderness and of thee satisfied I am. Go! Victorious be! This
म़पि सपरिवारो राजपुत्रो जीवत्व़ित्यु़क्त्वादेव्य़दृश्या़भवत्।
also with-family king’s-son may live! thussaying the goddess invisible became.
ततो वीरवरःसपुत्रदारो गृहं गतः। राजा़पि तैऱलक्षितः
Then Viravara with son-and wife home gone. The king also by them not-perceived
सत्वरम़ंतःपुरं प्रविष्टः। अथ प्रभाते वीरवरो द्वारस्थः
with-haste the palaceentered. Now in the morning Viravara at the door-standing
पुनर्भूपालेन पृष्टः सन्ऩाह। देव सा रुदती माम़वलोक्या़-
again by the king asked being says: Sire, that weeping (woman) me having seen
दृश्या़भवत्। न का़प्य़न्या वार्त्ता विद्यते। तद्वचनमा़कर्ण्य
invisible became. Not any other tiding is known.His-word having heard
राजा़चिंतयत्। कथम़यं श्लाघ्योमहासत्त्वः। यतः।
the kingthought: How (is) he to be praised, of great-excellence? For,
प्रियं ब्रूयाद़कृपणः शूरः स्याद़विकत्थनः।
Kind (words) should he speak not-doleful; a hero he should be not-boastings;
दाता ना़पात्रवर्षीच प्रगल्भःस्याद़निष्ठुरः॥१०२॥
generous not upon the unworthy-showering and; confident should he be not-harsh. (102)
एतन्म़हापुरुषलक्षणमे़तस्मिन्स़र्वम़स्ति।ततः स राजा प्रातः
This great-man’s-characteristic in this one entire is. Then that king early
शिष्टसभां कृत्वा सर्ववृत्तांतं प्रस्तुत्य प्रसा-
of the chiefs-an assembly having made, the whole-event having made known, through
दात्त़स्मैकर्णाटराज्यं ददौ। तत्क़िमा़गंतुको जातिमा-
favour to him the Karṇâṭa-kingdom gave. Then why (is) a stranger by nature-
त्राद्दुष्टः। तत्रा़प़्युत्तमाधममध्यमाःसंति। चक्रवाको ब्रूते।
already evil? There also highest-lowest-middlings are. The Chakravâka says:
यो ऽकार्यंकार्यवच्छ़ास्ति स किं मंत्री नृपेच्छया।
Who the improper proper-like advises, (is) he (what?) a minister, according to the king’s-desire?
वरं स्वामिमनोदुःखं तन्नाशोन त्व़कार्यतः॥१०३॥
better (is) a master’s-heart-pain, his-destruction not however through the improper. (103)
वैद्यो गुरुश्च़ मंत्री च यस्य राज्ञः प्रियः सदा।
The physician, the spiritual guide and, the minister and of which king dear always,
शरीरधर्मकोषेभ्यः क्षिप्रंस परिहीयते॥१०४॥
by the body-virtue-treasure quickly he is forsaken. (104)
शृणु देव। पुण्याल्ल़ब्धंयदे़केन तन्म़मा़पि भविष्यति।
Listen, Sire: ‘Through virtueobtained what by one, that of me also will be,’
हत्वा भिक्षुं महालोभान्नि़ध्यर्थी नापितो हतः॥१०५॥
having killed a beggar through great-covetousness treasure-seeking the barber (was) killed. (105)
राजा पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। मंत्री कथयति। अस्त्य़योध्यायां चूडा-
The king asks: How that? The minister relates: There is inAyodhyâChudâ-
मणिर्ना़म क्षत्रियः। तेन धनार्थिना महता क्लेशेन भगवां-
mani by name a Kshatriya. By him wealth-seeking with great pain the venerable
श्च़ंद्रार्धचूडामणिश्च़िरम़ाराधितः। ततः क्षीणपापो ऽसौ
moon’s-half-as crest-jewel bearing long worshipped. Then with destroyed-sin he,
स्वप्ने दर्शनं दत्त्वाभगवदादेशाद्य़क्षेश्वरेणा़-
in sleep a vision having given, upon His Holiness’-command by the Yaksha-lord (was)
दिष्टः। यत्त्व़म़द्य प्रातः क्षौरं कृत्वा लगुडं हस्ते
instructed: When thou to-day early, shaving having made, a stick in hand
कृत्वा गृहे निभृतं स्थास्यसि ततो ऽस्मिन्ऩेव़ांगने समागतं
having taken in the house secretly wilt stay, then in this very court having approached
भिक्षुंपश्यसि। तं निर्दयंलगुडप्रहारेण हनिष्यसि। ततः
a beggar thou seest. Him without-pity with stick-beating thou shalt kill. Then
सुवर्णकलशो भविष्यति तेन त्वया यावज्जीवं सुखिना भवितव्यं।
a gold-pot he will be, with that by thee aslong as-thou livest comfortable to be.
ततस्त़थ़ानुष्ठिते तद्वृ़त्तं। तत्रक्षौरकरणाया़नीतेन
Then thus (it being) accomplished that happened.There the shaving-to do by the fetched
नापितेना़लोक्य चिंतितं। अये निधिप्राप्तेऱयमुपायः। अहम़प्ये़वं
barber, having looked on, reflected: Ah, of treasure-acquisition this a way. I also thus
किं न करोमि। ततः प्रभृति नापितः प्रत्त्यहं तथाविधो लगुडहस्तः
why not do? Thence forward the barber daily in such a state stick-in hand
सुनिभृतं भिक्षोरा़गमनं प्रतीक्षते। एकदा तेन प्राप्तो भिक्षुर्ल़गुडेन
very-secretly a beggar’s approach awaits. Once by himcaught a beggar with the stick
व्यापादितः। तस्माद़पराधात्स़ोऽपि नापितो राजपुरुषेैर्व्य़ापादितः।
killed.For that offence that also barber by the king’s-men killed.
अतो ऽहं ब्रवीमि। पुण्याल्ल़ब्धं यदे़केने़त्यादि। राजा़ह।
Therefore I say: Through virtue obtained what by one etc. The king says:
पुरावृत्तकथोद्गारैःकथं निर्णीयते परः।
By old-events’-tales-bringing up how is found out a stranger,
स्यान्नि़ष्कारणबंधुर्व़ाकिंवा विश्वासघातकः॥१०६॥
(whether) he be without-motive-a friend either or a confidence-betrayer? (106)
यातु। प्रस्तुतम़नुसंधीयतां। मलयाधित्यकायां चेच्च़ित्रवर्णस्
Let it go! The matter in hand let be arranged! On the Malaya’s-table land if Chitravarṇa,
तद़धुना किं विधेयं। मंत्री वदति। देव आगतप्रणिधिमुखान्
then now what to be done? The minister says: Sire, from the arrived-spy’s-mouth
मया श्रुतंतन्महामंत्रिणो गृध्रस्यो़पदेशे यच्च़ित्रवर्णेना़नादरः
by me heard, of his-great-minister the vulture for the advice that by Chitravarṇa disregard
कृतः। ततो ऽसौमूढो जेतुं शक्यः। तथा चो़क्तं।
shown, Therefore that fool defeated can be. Thus and said:
लुब्धः क्रूरो ऽलसो ऽसत्यःप्रमादी भीरुऱस्थिरः।
Covetous, cruel, inactive, untrue, careless, timid, unstable,
मूढो योधावमंता च सुखच्छेद्यो रिपुः स्मृतः॥१०७॥
foolish, warriors-despising and, easily-to be defeated an enemy is recorded. (107)
ततो ऽसौयावद़स्मद्दुर्गद्वाररोधं नकरोति तावन्ऩद्य-
Then he so long as of our-fortress’-door-siege not makes, so long at rivers-
द्रिवनवर्त्मसु तद्वलानि हंतुं सारसादयः सेनापतयो
mountains-woods-roads his-forces to slay Sârasa-etc. the army-commanders
नियुज्यंतां। तथा चोंक्तं।
let be ordered! Thus and said:
दीर्घवर्त्मपरिश्रांतं नद्यद्रिवनसंकुलं।
By long-marches-fatigued, by rivers-hills-woods-obstructed,
घोराग्निभयसंत्रस्तं क्षुत्पिपासार्दितं तथा॥१०८॥
by dreadful-fire-apprehension-terrified, by hunger-and thirst-distressed likewise; (108)
प्रमत्तं भोजनव्यग्रंव्याधिदुर्भिक्षपीडितं।
careless, for provisions-straitened, with sickness-and famine-afflicted;
असंस्थितम़भूयिष्ठं वृष्टिवातसमाकुलं॥१०९॥
not-steady, not-very numerous, by rain-and wind-embarrassed; (109)
पंकपांशुजलाच्छन्नंसुव्यस्तं दस्युविद्रुतं।
with mud-dust-water-covered, very-confused, by robbers-disturbed,
एवंभूतं महीपालः परसेैन्यं विघातयेत्॥११०॥
in such-a state an earth-protector the enemy’s-army should destroy. (110)
अन्यच्च़। अवस्कंदभयाद़्राजा प्रजागरकृतश्रमं।
Another and, From assault-fear, a king, with watching-exhausted,
दिवासुप्तं समाहन्यान्ऩिद्राव्याकुलसैनिकं॥१११॥
in the day-sleeping should attack a through sleep-confused-soldier. (111)
अतस़्तस्य प्रमादिनो बलंगत्वा यथावकाशं
Therefore of that negligent (one) the force, having gone, according to-opportunity
दिवानिशं घ्नंत्व़स्मत्सेनापतयः। तथा़नुष्ठिते चित्रवर्णस्य सैनिकाः
by day-and night may slay our-generals! Thus (it being) executed of Chitravarṇa soldiers
सेनापतयश्च़ बहवो निहताः। ततश्च़ित्रवर्णोविषणःस्वमंत्रिणं
generals and many (were) slain. Then Chitravarṇa cast down his-minister
दूरदर्शिनमा़ह। तात किम़ित्य़स्मदुपेक्षाक्रियते। किं क्व़ाप्य़-
Dûradarśin accosts: Father, why thus of us-disregard is made? (What?) anywhere
विनयो ममा़स्ति। तथा चो़क्तं।
improper-conduct ofme is there?Thus and said:
न राज्यं प्राप्तम़ित्ये़वं वर्तितव्यम़सांप्रतं।
Not ‘sovereignty obtained’ thus so to be behaved indiscreetly;
श्रियंह्य़विनयो हंति जरा रूपम़िवो़त्तमं॥११२॥
fortune for improper-conduct destroys, old age beauty as the highest. (112)
अपि च। दक्षः श्रियम़धिगच्छतिपथ्याशी कल्यतां सुखम़रोगी।
Also and, The expert fortune acquires, a medicine-eater health, ease the not-diseased,
उद्युक्तो विद्यांतं धर्मार्थयशांसि च विनीतः॥११३॥
the active of knowledge-the end, virtue-profit-reputation and the well-behaved. (113)
गृध्रोऽवदत्। देव शृणु।अविद्वाऩपिभूपालो विद्यावृद्धोपसेवया।
The vulture said: Sire, listen, Ignorant even a king by the in knowledge-old-respecting
परां श्रियम़वाप्नोति जलासन्नतरुर्य़था॥११४॥
supreme prosperity attains, a water-near standing-tree as. (114)
अन्यच्च़। पानं स्त्री मृगया द्यूतम़र्थदूषणमे़व च।
Another and, Drinking, woman, hunting, gaming, property-waste likewise and,
वाग्दंडयोश्च़ पारुष्यं व्यसनानि महीभुजां॥११५॥
in word-and punishment and severity (are) blemishes of kings. (115)
किंच।न साहसैकांतरसानुवर्तिना
Moreover, Not by one of rashness-only-the emotion-following,
न चा़प्यु़पायोपहतांतरात्मना।
not and also by one with through efforts-overpowered-mind
विभूतयः शक्यम़वाप्नुमू़र्जिता
successes can be obtained eminent;
नये च शौर्येच वसंति संपदः॥११६॥
in policy and in valour and dwell fortunes. (116)
त्वया स्वबलोत्साहम़वलोक्य साहसैकवासिना मयो़-
By thee, at thy-forces’-ardour looking,on rashness-only dwelling, forthe by me
पन्यस्तेष्व़पि मंत्रेष्व़नवधानं वाक्पारुष्यंच कृतं। अतो
proffered even counsels disregard word-harshness and shown. Therefore
दुर्नीतेः फलमि़दम़नुभूयते। तथा चो़क्तं।
of improper-conduct fruit this is experienced. Thus and said:
दुर्मंत्रिणं कमु़पयांति न नीतिदोषाः
Having bad-ministers whom befal not policy-errors?
संतापयंति कम़पथ्यभुजं न रोगाः।
Torment whom unwholesome (food)-eating not diseases?
कं श्रीर्ऩदर्पयति कं न निहंति मृत्युः
Whom fortune not does elate? Whom not does slaydeath?
कं स्त्रीकृता न विषया परितापयंति॥११७॥
Whom by women-done not pleasures torment? (117)
अपरं च। मुदंविषादः शरदं हिमागमः
Another and, Joy melancholy, autumn winter,
तमो विवस्वान्सु़कृतं कृतघ्नता।
darkness the sun, good-acts ingratitude,
प्रियोपपत्तिःशुचमा़पदं नयः
kindness-manifestation grief, misfortune good conduct,
श्रियः समृद्धा अपि हंति दुर्नयः॥११८॥
fortunes elevated even destroys bad-conduct. (118)
ततो मया़प्या़लोचितं। प्रज्ञाहीनोऽयं राजा। नो चेत्क़थं
Then by me also reflected: Intelligence-forsaken (is) this king. Not if, how
नीतिशास्त्रकथाकौमुदीं वागुल्काभिस्ति़मिरयति। यतः।
of policy-book-sayings-the moonlight with talk-torches does he darken? For,
यस्य ना़स्ति स्वयं प्रज्ञा शास्त्रंतस्य करोति किं।
Of whom not there is of himself intelligence, a book of him does what?
लोचनाभ्यां विहीनस्य दर्पणःकिं करिष्यति॥११९॥
of both eyes of one deprived a mirror what will do? (119)
इत्या़लोच्य तूष्णीं स्थितः। अथ राजा बद्धांजलिऱाह। तात
Thus reflecting silent remained. Now the king with joined-hands says: Father,
अस्त्य़यं ममा़पराधः। इदानीं यथा़वशिष्टबलसहितः प्रत्यावृत्य
it is this of me the fault. At present how by the remaining-forces-accompanied returning
विंध्याचलं गच्छामि तथो़पदिश। गृध्रःस्वगतं चिंतयति।
to the Vindhya-mountain I go, thus advise! The vulture with himself reflects:
क्रियताम़त्रप्रतीकारः। यतः।
Let there be madehere a remedy!For,
देवतासु गुरौ गोषु राजसु ब्राह्मणेषु च।
Towards gods, a spiritual guide, cows, kings, Brâhmans and,
नियंतव्यः सदा कोपोबालवृद्धातुरेषुच॥१२०॥
to be restrained always anger, towards children-the aged-the sick and. (120)
मंत्री प्रहस्य ब्रूते। देव मा भैषीः। समाश्वसिहि। शृणुदेव।
The minister smiling says: Sire, not beafraid! Console thyself! Listen, Sire,
मंत्रिणां भिन्नसंधाने भिषजां सांनिपातके।
Of ministers of the disunited-in the conciliation, of physicians in a complicated18-
कर्मणि प्रेक्ष्यते प्रज्ञा सुस्थे को वा न पंडितः॥१२१॥
business is perceived the wisdom; with the healthy who or not wise? (121)
अपरं च। आरभंते ऽल्पमे़वा़ज्ञाः कामं व्यग्राभवंति च।
Another and, There undertake little only the un-intelligent,nevertheless bewildered are they and;
महारंभाः कृतधियस्त़िष्ठंति च निराकुलाः॥१२२॥
great (things)-undertaking (are) those of settled-purpose; they stand and unperplexed. (122)
तद़त्रभवत्प्रतापादे़व दुर्गंभंक्त्वाकीर्तिप्रतापसहितं
Then here through thy-valour verily the fortress having broken, with fame-and power-endued
त्वाम़चिरेण कालेन विंध्याचलं नेष्यामि। राजा़ह। कथम़धुना
thee in no-long time to the Vindhya-mountain I shalllead. The king says: How now
स्वल्पबलेन तत्स़ंपद्यते। गृध्रोवदति। देव सर्वंभविष्यति।
with a very-small-force that is possible? The vulture says: Sire, all will be.
यतो विजिगीषोऱदीर्घसूत्रता विजयसिद्धेऱ-
Because of one wishing to conquer want of-dilatoriness of victory-accomplishment
वश्यंभावि लक्षणं तत्स़हसै़व दुर्गावरोधःक्रियतां॥
an indispensable mark, therefore with quickness verily fortress-siege let be made!
प्रहितप्रणिधिना वकेना़गत्य हिरण्यगर्भस्य तत्क़थितं। देव
By the despatched-spy, the crane, having arrived to Hiraṇyagarbha this told: Sire,
स्वल्पबलएवा़यं राजा चित्रवर्णोगृध्रस्य मंत्रो-
with very-small-forces even this king Chitravarṇa through the vulture’s counsel-
पस्तंभेन दुर्गावरोधं करिष्यति। राजा़ह। सर्वज्ञ किम़धुना
encouragement fortress-siege will make. The king says: Sarvajña, what now
विधेयं। चक्रो ब्रूते। स्वबले सारासारविचारः
to bedone?The Chakravâka says: In our-force of the strong-and weak-discrimination
क्रियतां। तज्ज्ञ़ात्वा सवर्णवस्त्रादिकं यथार्हं
be made! That having learned in gold-dresses-&c. consisting according to-merit
प्रसादप्रदानं क्रियतां। यतः।
bounty-distribution be made! For,
यः काकिनीम़प्य़पथप्रपन्नांसमुद्धरेन्ऩिष्कसहस्रतुल्यां।
Who a Kâkinîeven on a byway-fallen picks up, (as if) of Nishkas-thousands-worth,
कालेषु कोटिष्व़पि मुक्तहस्तस्त़ंराजसिंहं न जहाति लक्ष्मीः॥१२३॥
at times for Koṭis even open-handed, that king-lion not forsakes Fortune.(123)
अन्यच्च़। क्रतौ विवाहे व्यसने रिपुक्षये
Another and, At a sacrifice, at a wedding, in distress, in enemy’s-destruction,
यशस्करे कमणि मित्रसंग्रहे।
in a glory-causing work, in friends’-reception,
प्रियासुनारीषु नरेषु बांधवे-
on beloved women, on men related,
ष्व़तिव्ययो ना़स्ति नराधिपा़ष्टसु॥१२४॥
excessive-expenditure not is O king on (these) eight. (124)
यतः। मूर्खःस्वल्पव्ययत्रासात्स़र्वनाशं करोति हि।
For, A fool through very-small-expense’s-dread of the whole-ruin makes namely;
कःसुधीःसंत्यजेद्भ़ांडं शुल्कस्यै़वा़तिसाध्वसात्॥१२५॥
What wise man would abandon his box of the toll merely through excessive-dread? (125)
राजा़ह। कथम़िह समये ऽतिव्ययोयुज्यते। उक्तं च।
The king says: How here on the occasion excessive-expense is proper? Said also:
आपदर्थे धनं रक्षेद़िति। मंत्री ब्रूते।श्रीमतः
‘For misfortune’s-sake riches he should preserve’ thus. The minister says: of Y.M.
कथम़ापदः। राजा़ह। कदाचिच्च़लते लक्ष्मीः। मंत्री ब्रूते।
how misfortunes? The king says: Sometimes wavers Fortune. The minister says:
संचितार्थोविनश्यतितद्दे़व कार्पण्यं विमुच्य दानमानाभ्यां
Hoarded-wealth perishes, therefore, Sire, parsimony giving up with gifts-and honours
स्वभटाः पुरस्क्रियंतां। तथा चो़क्तं।
thy-brave soldiers let be distinguished! Thus and said:
परस्परज्ञाः संहृष्टास्त्य़क्तुंप्राणान्स़ुनिश्चिताः।
Each-other-knowing, contented, to sacrifice life firmly-determined,
कुलीनाः पूजिताः सम्यग्व़िजयंते द्विषद्बलं॥१२६॥
noble, honoured properly, do they conquer the enemy’s-forces. (126)
अपरं च। सुभटाः शीलसंपन्नाः संहताः कृतनिश्चयाः।
Another and, Brave-soldiers, with good character-endued, united, determined,
अपि पंचशतं शूरा निघ्नंति रिपुवाहिनीं॥१२७॥
even five-hundred heroes defeat an enemy’s-army. (127)
किंच। शिष्टैऱप्य़विशेषज्ञ उग्रश्च़कृतनाशकः।
Moreover, By the good even one no-difference-knowing, harsh and, ungrateful,
त्यज्यते किं पुनर्ऩा़न्यैर्य़श्च़ा़प्य़ात्मंभरिर्ऩरः॥१२८॥
is abandoned, how much more not by others, who and also selfish man. (128)
यतः। सत्यं शौर्यंदया त्यागो नृपस्यै़ते महागुणाः।
For, Veracity, heroism, tenderness, liberality,—of a king these the great-virtues;
एभिर्मु़क्तो महीपालः प्राप्नोतिखलु वाच्यतां॥१२९॥
of these deprived an earth-protector incurs surely censure. (129)
ईदृशि प्रस्तावे ऽमात्यास्त़ावदे़व पुरस्कर्तव्याः। तथा चो़क्तं।
On such an occasion the ministers first verily to be distinguished. Thus and said:
यो येन प्रतिबद्धः स्यात्स़ह तेनो़दयी व्ययी।
Who with whom bound up may be, with him rising declining,
स विश्वस्तो नियोक्तव्यःप्राणेषु च धनेषु च॥१३०॥
he trusted (is) to be employed in (affairs of) life as well in (affairs of) property as. (130)
यतः। धूर्तः स्त्रीवा शिशुर्य़स्य मंत्रिणः स्युर्म़हीपतेः।
For, A knave, a woman or, a child of what ministers may be of king.
अनीतिपवनक्षिप्तःकार्याब्धौस निमज्जति॥१३१॥
by impolicy’s-storm-hurled on the business-ocean he sinks. (131)
शृणु देव। हर्षक्रोधौसमौयस्य शस्त्रार्थे प्रत्ययस्त़था।
Listen, Sire, Joy-and anger even of whom, of the scripture-sense understanding likewise,
नित्यं भृत्यानुपेक्षाच तस्य स्याद्ध़नदा धरा॥१३२॥
constantly for attendants-care and, of him will be treasure-bestowing the earth. (132)
येषां राज्ञा सह स्यातामु़च्चयापचयौध्रुवं।
Of whom with the king together will be rise-and fall firmly,
अमात्या इति तान्रा़जा ना़वमन्येत्क़दाचन॥१३३॥
ministers, thus— them a king not should neglect ever. (133)
यतः। महीभुजो मदांधस्य संकीर्णस्ये़व दंतिनः।
For, Of a king with infatuation-blinded of an intoxicated as elephant
स्खलतो हि करालंबःसुहृत्सचिवचेष्टितं॥१३४॥
of the stumbling surely hand-support (is) a friendly-minister’s-exertion. (134)
अथा़गत्य प्रणम्य मेघवर्णो ब्रूते।देव दृष्टिप्रसादं कुरु। इदानीं
Now approaching bowing Meghavarṇa says: Sire, look-favour bestow! Now
विपक्षो दुर्गद्वारिवर्तते तद्दे़वपादादेशाद्व़हिर्ऩिःसृत्य
the enemy at the fortress-gate stands, therefore on Y. M.’s-feet’s-command out going
स्वविक्रमं दर्शयामि। तेन देवपादानामा़नृण्यमु़पगच्छामि। चक्रो
my-valour I show. By that of Y. M.’s-feet debt acquittance I attain.The Chakravâka
ब्रूते। मै़वं यदि वहिर्ऩिःसृत्य योद्धव्यं तदा दुर्गाश्रयणमे़व
says: Not thus! If out going to be fought, then to a fortrees-resorting verily
निष्प्रयोजनं। अपरं च।
(is)useless. Another and,
विषमो हि यथा नक्रः सलिलान्ऩिर्गतो ऽवशः।
Ferocious namely as an alligator from the water departed powerless,
वनाद्व़िनिर्गतः शूरः सिंहोऽपि स्याच्छ़ृगालवत्॥१३५॥
from the wood away strayed the brave lion even would be jackal-like.(135)
देव स्वयं गत्वा दृश्यतां युद्धं। यतः।
Sire, himself going let be seen the battle. For,
पुरस्कृत्य बलं राजा योधयेद़वलोकयन्।
Having placed in front the army a king should make (it) fight looking on,
स्वामिना़धिष्ठितः श्वा़पि किं न सिंहायते ध्रुवं॥१३६॥
By the master superintended a dog even (what?) not does he act like a lion surely? (136)
अथते सर्वे दुर्गद्वारं गत्वा महाहवं कृतवंतः। अपरेद्यु-
Now they all to the fortress-gate having gone a great-battle made. The next-day
श्च़ित्रवर्णोराजा गृध्रमु़वाच। तात स्वप्रतिज्ञातम़धुना निर्वाहय।
Chitravarṇa the king the vulture accosted: Father, thy-promise now carry out!
गृध्रो ब्रूते। देव शृणु तावत्।
The vulture says: Sire, listen first,
अकालसहम़त्यल्पंमूर्खव्यसनिनायकं।
Not-long-holding out, very-small, by a fool-or knave-commanded,
अगुप्तं भीरुयोधं च दुर्गव्यसनमु़च्यते॥१३७॥
unprotected, with timid-warriors and,— a fortress’-blemish is called. (137)
तत्त़ावद़त्रना़स्ति। उपजापश्च़िरारोधी ऽवस्कंदस्त़ीव्रपौरुषं।
This then here not is.Rousing to rebellion, long-siege, assault, daring-bravery,
दुर्गस्य लंघनोपायाश्च़त्वारः कथिता इमे॥१३८॥
of a fortress conquering-ways four declared these. (138)
अत्रयथाशक्ति क्रियते यत्नः। कर्णे कथयति। एवमे़व।
Here according to-strength is made effort. Intothe ear he says: Thus verily.
ततो ऽनुदितएव भास्करे चतुर्ष्व़पिदुर्गद्वारेषु वृत्ते
Then, not-risen even (having) the sun, at the four also fortress-doors going on
युद्धे दुर्गाभ्यंतरगृहेष्वे़कदाकाकेऱग्निर्ऩिक्षिप्तः। ततो
the battle into the fortress’-interior-housesat onceby the crows fire thrown. Then
गृहीतं गृहीतं दुर्गम़िति कोलाहलं श्रुत्वा सर्वतः प्रदीप्ताग्निम़-
‘taken, taken the fortress’ thus a cry having heard from all sides, the blazing-fire
वलोक्य राजहंससैनिका दुर्गवासिनश्च़सत्वरं ह्रदं प्रविष्टाः।
seeing the flamingo-soldiers, the fortress-inhabitants and with-haste the lake entered.
यतः। सुमंत्रितं सुविक्रांतं सुयुद्धं सुपलायितं।
For, Good-advice, good-valour, good-fighting, good-retreating
कार्यकाले यथाशक्ति कुर्यान्ऩतु विचारयेत्॥१३९॥
at action-time according to-strength he should make, not however hesitate. (139)
राजहंसः स्वभावान्म़ंदगतिः सारसद्वितीयश्च़चित्रवर्णस्य
The flamingo through his-nature slow-going by the Sârasa-accompaniedand, by Chit.’s
सेनापतिना कुक्कुटेना़गत्य वेष्टितः। हिरण्यगर्भःसारसम़ाह।
general the cock, having approached, surrounded. Hiraṇyagarbha to Sârasa says:
सारस सेनापते ममा़नुरोधाद़ात्मानं कथं व्यापादयिष्यसि। त्वम़धुना
Sârasa, general, for me through affection thyself why wilt thou kill? Thou now
गंतुं शक्तः। तत्कृ़त्वा जलं प्रविश। आत्मानं परिरक्ष। अस्मत्पुत्रं
to go able. That doing the water enter! Thyself preserve!My-son
चूडामणिनामानं सर्वज्ञसंमत्या राजानं करिष्यसि। सारसो ब्रूते।
Chûdâmaṇi-named with Sarvajña’s-concurrence king thou shalt make.Sârasa says:
देव न वक्तव्यमे़वं दुःसहं वचः। यावच्च़ंद्रार्कौ
Sire, not tobe spoken thus hard-to bear aword. As long as moon-and sun
दिवि तिष्ठतस्त़ावद्व़िजयतांदेवः। अहं देव दुर्गाधिकारी।
inthe sky stand, so long bevictorious Y.M.! I, Sire, (am) fortress-commander.
मन्मांसासृग्विलिप्तेन द्वारवर्त्मनाप्रविशतु शत्रुः।
On the with my-flesh-and blood-stained gate-way may enter the enemy!
अपरं च। दाता क्षमीगुणग्राही स्वामी दुःखेन लभ्यते।
Another and, A liberal, patient, virtue-appreciating master with difficulty is found;
राजा़ह। सत्यमे़व़ैतत्। किंतु।
The king says: True certainly this; however,
शुचिर्द़क्षो ऽनुरक्तश्च़जाने भृत्यो ऽपि दुर्लभः॥१४०॥
An honest, expert, attached and, I know, attendant also hard-to be found. (140)
सारसो ब्रूते। शृणु देव। यदि समरम़पास्य ना़स्ति मृत्यो-
Sârasa says: Listen, Sire, If battle avoiding not is of death
र्भ़यमि़तियुक्तमि़तो ऽन्यतःप्रयातुं।
fear, thus proper hence somewhere else to go;
अथ मरणम़वश्यमे़व जंतोः
Now death necessary indeed of a creature,
किमि़ति मुधा मलिनं यशःक्रियेत॥१४१॥
why thus in vain soiled fame should be made? (141)
अन्यच्च़ भवे ऽस्मिन्प़वनोद्भ्रांतवीचिविभ्रमभंगुरे।
Another and, In world this like by wind-thrown up-waves’-undulation-perishable,
जायते पुण्ययोगेन परार्थे जीवितव्ययः॥१४२॥
is produced by good works’-connection for another’s-sake life-expenditure. (142)
स्वाम्य़मात्यश्च़ राष्ट्रं च दुर्गंकोषो बलंसुहृत्।
A sovereign, a minister and, territory and, a fortress, a treasure, an army, an ally
राज्यांगानि प्रकृतयः पौराणां श्रेणयोऽपि च॥१४३॥
(are) a kingdom’s-members, the elements; of the citizens the orders also and. (143)
देव त्वं च स्वामी सर्वथा रक्षणीयः। यतः।
Sire, thou and assovereign wholly to be preserved. For,
प्रकृतिः स्वामिनं त्यक्त्वासमृद्धा़पि न जीवति।
A state the sovereign having lost prosperous even not does live.
अपि धन्वंतरिर्वैद्यःकि करोति गतायुषि॥१४४॥
Even Dhanvantari the physician what doeshe for one with departed-life? (144)
अपरं च। नरेशे जीवलोको ऽयं निमीलति निमीलति।
Another and, The man-ruler mankind this closing the eyes closes the eyes;
उदेत्यु़दीयमाने च रवावि़व सरोरुहं॥१४५॥
it rises on (his) rising and, with the sun as the lotus. (145)
अथ कुक्कुटेना़गत्य राजहंसस्य शरीरे खरतरनखा-
Now by the cock, having approached, on the flamingo’s body with very sharp-spurs-
घातः कृतः। सत्वरमु़पसृत्य सारसेन स्वदेहांतरितो राजा
onslaught made. With-haste coming up, by Sârasawith his own-body-covered the king
जले क्षिप्तः। अथ कुक्कुटैर्ऩखप्रहारजर्जरीकृतेन सारसेन
into the water thrown. Then by the cocks with spur-blows-torn asunder by the Sârasa
कुक्कुटसेना बहुशोहताः। पश्चात्सा़रसो ऽपि चंचुप्रहारेण
the cock-armies in great number slain. Afterwards the Sârasa also, by a beak-blow
विभिद्य व्यापादितः। अथ चित्रवर्णोदुर्गंप्रविश्य
having split (him), was killed. Then Chitravarṇa the fortress having entered,
दुर्गावस्थितं द्रव्यं ग्राहयित्वा वंदिभिर्ज़यशब्दैरा़-
the in the fortress-being property having caused to be seized, by bards with victory-shouts
नंदितः स्वस्कंधावारं जगाम।अथ राजपुत्रैरु़क्तं।तस्मिन्रा़जबले
saluted to his-camp marched. Now by the king’s-sons said: In that king’s-army
स पुण्यवान्सा़रस एव येन स्वदेहत्यागेन स्वामी
that one virtuous, the Sârasaverily, by whom with his own-body’s-sacrifice the master
रक्षितः। उक्तं चै़तत्।
saved. Said and this:
जनयंति सुतान्गा़वःसर्वा एव गवाकृतीन्।
There bring forth young ones cows all indeed ox-like,
विषाणोल्लिखिखितस्कंधं काचिदे़व गवां पतिं॥१४६॥
one (whose) horns-touch-(his) shoulders one only, of cattle a leader. (146)
विष्णुशर्मो़वाच। स तावद्वि़द्याधरीपरिजनःस्वर्गसुखम़-
Vishṇuśarman said: He then having Vidyâdharîs-as attendants heaven’s-happiness
नुभवतु महासत्त्वः।
may enjoy of great-excellence.
तथा चोक्तं। आहवेषु च ये शूराः स्वाम्यर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः।
Thus and said: In battles and what heroes for the master’s-sake sacrifice-life,
भर्तृभक्ताः कृतज्ञाश्च़ ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः॥१४७॥
to the master-devoted benefits-remembering and, those men to heaven-going. (147)
यत्रतत्रहतः शूरःशत्रुभिः परिवेष्टितः।
Wherever (is) slain a hero by enemies surrounded,
अक्षयाल्ल़ंभते लोकान्य़दिक्लैव्यं न गच्छति॥१४८॥
imperishable he obtains worlds, if to unmanliness not he goes. (148)
अपरम़प्ये़वम़स्तु।
Further also thus it be!
विग्रहःकरितुरंगपत्तिभिर्ऩोकदा़पि भवतां महीभुजां।
War by elephants-horses-foot soldiers not ever (be) of you kings!
नीतिमंत्रपवनैःसमाहताःसंश्रयंतु गिरिगह्वरंद्विषः॥१४९॥
By policy-counsel’s-winds struck may resort to amountain-precipice enemies! (149)
॥इति हितोपदेशे विग्रहो नाम तृतीयकथासंग्रहःसमाप्तः॥
Thus in the Hitopadeśa War by name the third-story-collection finished.
॥अथ संधिः॥
NOW CONCILIATION.
पुनः कथारंभकाले राजपुत्रैरु़क्तं। आर्यविग्रहःश्रुतो
Again at story-commencement-time by the king’s-sons said:Reverend Sir, War heard
ऽस्माभिः।संधिऱधुना़भिधीयतां। विष्णुशर्मणोक्तं। श्रूयतां।
by us. Conciliation now let be told! ByVishṇuśarman said: Be itheard!
संधिम़पि कथयामि यस्या़यमा़द्यःश्लोकः।
Conciliation also Itell, of which this the first verse:
वृत्ते महति संग्रामे राज्ञोर्ऩिहतसेनयोः।
Being ended the great battle, of the two kings with destroyed-armies
स्थेयाभ्यां गृध्रचक्राभ्यां वाचा संधिःकृतःक्षणात्॥१॥
by the two umpires the vulture-and Chakra through eloquence peace made in a moment. (1)
राजपुत्रा ऊचुः। कथमे़तत्।विष्णुशर्माकथयति।ततस्ते़न
The king’s-sons said:How that? Vishṇuśarman relates: Then by that
राजहंसेनो़क्तं। केना़स्मद्दुर्गेनिक्षिप्तोऽग्निःकिंपारक्येण किंवा़-
flamingo said:By whom into our-fortress thrown fire, whether by an alien or
स्मद्दुर्गवासिना केना़पि विपक्षप्रयुक्तेन। चक्रो ब्रूते।
by our-fortress-inhabitant some one by the enemy-employed? The Chakravâka says:
देव भवतो निष्कारणबंधुऱसौ मेघवर्णः सपरिवारो न दृश्यते
Sire, of you the without-motive-friend that Meghavarṇa with-attendants not is seen,
तन्म़न्ये तस्यै़वविचेष्टितम़िदं।राजा क्षणंविचिंत्या़ह।
therefore, Ithink, of him only the doing this. The king a moment having reflected says:
अस्ति तावदे़व।मम दुर्दैवमे़तत्। तथा चो़क्तं।
It is so verily. Of me the evil-fate this. Thus and said:
अपराधः स दैवस्य न पुनर्म़ंत्रिणाम़यं।
The fault that of fate, not however of ministers this;
कार्यंसुचरितं क्वा़पि दैवयोगाद्वि़नश्यति॥२॥
a business well-designed somehow through fate’s-juncture miscarries.(2)
मंत्री ब्रूते। उक्तमे़वै़तत्।
The minister says: Said indeed this,
विषमां हि दशां प्राप्यदैवं गर्हयते नरः।
Into an unhappy namely condition having come fate blames a man,
आत्मनःकर्मदोषांश्च़ नै़व जानात्य़पंडितः॥३॥
of himself the action-faults andnot indeed knows the unwise.(3)
अपरं च। सुहृदांहितकामानां यो वाक्यं ना़भिनंदति।
Another and, Of friends well-wishing who the word not regards,
स कूर्मइव दुर्बुद्धिःकाष्ठाद्भ़्रष्टोविनश्यति॥४॥
he the tortoise as foolish from a stick fallen perishes.(4)
अन्यच्च़। रक्षितव्यं सदा वाक्यंवाक्याद्भ़वतिनाशनं।
Another and, To be kept always speech, from speech arises ruin,
हंसाभ्यां नीयमानस्य कूर्मस्य पतनं यथा॥५॥
by two geese being carried of a tortoise the fall as. (5)
राजा़ह। कथमे़तत्। मंत्री कथयति। अस्ति मगधदेशे
The king says: How that? The minister relates: There is in the Magadha-country
फुल्लोत्पलाभिधानं सरः। तत्रचिरं संकटविकटनामानौहंसौ
Phullotpala-named a pond. There long Saṅkaṭa-and Vikaṭa-named two geese
निवसतः। तयोर्म़ित्रं कंबुग्रीवनामा कूर्मश्च़ प्रतिवसति। अथै़-
dwell. Of them a friend Kambugrîva-named a tortoise also near-dwells. Now
कदा धीवरैऱागत्य तत्रो़क्तं यद़त्रा़स्माभिऱद्यो़षित्वा
one day by fishermen having approached there said, that here by us, to-day having stayed,
प्रातर्म़त्स्यकूर्मादयो व्यापादयितव्याः। तद़ाकर्ण्यकूर्मो
in the morning fishes-tortoises-&c. to be killed. That having heard the tortoise
हंसाव़ाह। सुहृदौश्रुतो ऽयं धीवरालापः। अधुना किं
the two geese accosts:Friends, heardthis fishermen’s-conversation. Now what
मया कर्तव्यं। हंसाव़ाहतुः। ज्ञायतां पुनस्त़ावत़्प्रातर्य़-
by me to be done? The geese say: Let it be known however first; in the morning
दु़चितं तत्क़र्तव्यं। कूर्मो ब्रूते। मै़वं यतो हृष्टव्यतिकरो
what proper that tobe done. The tortoise says: Not so, for of evident-misfortune
ऽहम़त्र। तथा चो़क्तं।
I here. Thus and said:
अनागतविधाता च प्रत्युत्पन्नमतिस्त़था।
‘For the future-preparing’ and, ‘At an emergency-thoughtful’ likewise,
द्वावे़तौ सुखमे़धेते यद्भविष्यो विनश्यति॥६॥
Both these happily prosper, ‘What-will be’ perishes. (6)
ताव़ाहतुः। कथमे़तत्। कूर्मःकथयति। पुरा़स्मिन्ने़व सरस्ये़वंविधेषु
They both say: How that? The tortoise relates: Formerly in this very pond, such
धीवरेषू़पस्थितेषु मत्स्यत्रयेणा़लोचितं। तत्रा़नागतविधाता
fishermenhaving approached by a fish-triad deliberated. There Anâgatavidhâtṛi
नामै़को मत्स्यः। तेना़लोचितं। अहं तावज्ज़लाशयांतरं गच्छामी़त्यु़-
by name one fish. By him reflected: ‘I then to another-water-reservoir go’ thus
क्त्वा ह्रदांतरंगतः। अपरेण प्रत्युत्पन्नमतिनाम्नामत्स्येना़-
having said to another-lake gone. By another Pratyutpannamati-named fish
भिहितं। भविष्यदर्थे प्रमाणाभावात्कु़त्रमया गंतव्यं। तदु़-
said: For a future-matter from authority-want where by meto be gone? Therefore
त्पन्ने यथाकार्यं तद़नुष्ठेयं। तथाचो़क्तं।
when it arises according to-right that to be executed. Thus and said:
उत्पन्नामा़पदंयस्तु़ समाधत्ते स बुद्धिमान्।
An arisen calamity who indeed repairs, he (is) wise;
बणिजो भार्यया जारःप्रत्यक्षे निह़ुतोयथा॥७॥
by the merchant’s wife the lover before the eyes disowned as. (7)
यद्भविष्यः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। प्रत्युत्पन्नमतिःकथयति। पुरा
Yadbhavishya asks: How that? Pratyutpannamati relates: Formerly
विक्रमपुरे समुद्रदत्तोनाम बणिग़स्ति। तस्य रत्नप्रभा
in Vikramapura Samudradatta by name a merchant was. Of him Ratnaprabhā
नाम गृहिणी स्वसेवकेन सह सदा रमते। अथै़कदा सा
by name the wife her-servant with always sports. Now once that
रत्नप्रभा तस्य सेवकस्य मुखे चुंबनं ददती समुद्रदत्तेना़–
Ratnaprabhâon that servant’s mouth a kiss giving by Samudradatta (was)
वलोकिता। ततःसा बंधकी सत्वरं भर्तुःसमीपं
perceived. Then that wanton woman with-haste of the husband near
गत्वा़ह। नाथ एतस्य सेवकस्य महती निर्वृत्तिः। यतो ऽयं
having gone says: Master, of this servant great impropriety; for he
चौरिकां कृत्वा कर्पूरं खादती़ति मया़स्य मुखमा़घ्राय ज्ञातं।
theft making camphor eats, thus by me, ofhim the mouth having smelled, learnt.
तथा चोक्तं। आहारो द्विगुणःस्त्रीणामि़त्यादि। तच्छ्रु़त्वा
Thus and said: The food (is) twofold of women &c. This having heard
सेवकेन प्रकुप्यो़क्तं। नाथ यस्य स्वामिनो गृह एतादृशी
by the servant becoming angry said: Sir, in which master’s house such a
भार्या तत्र सेवकेन कथं स्थातव्यं यत्रप्रतिक्षणं गृहिणी
wife, there by a servant how to be remained, where every minute the mistress
सेवकस्य मुखं जिघ्रति। ततो ऽसावु़त्थाय चलितः साधुना
the servant’s mouth smells? Then he rising departing by the merchant,
यत्नात्प्ऱबोध्य धृतः। अतो ऽहं ब्रवीमि। उत्पन्नामा़पदमि़त्यादि।
with difficulty having persuaded (him), kept. Therefore I say: An arisen calamity &c.
ततोयद्भविष्येणो़क्तं। यद़भावि न तद्भा़वि भावि चेन्ऩ तद़न्यथा।
Then by Yadbh.said: What not-to be, not that to be; to be if, not that otherwise,
इति चिंताविषघ्नोऽयम़गदःकिं न पीयते॥८॥
thus reflection-poison-destroying this medicine why not is drunk? (8)
ततःप्रातर्जा़लेन बद्धः प्रत्युत्पन्नमतिर्मृ़तवदा़त्मानं संदर्श्य
Then in the morning with the net caught Pratyutpannamati dead-like himself showing
स्थितः। ततो जालाद़पसारितो यथाशक्त्यु़त्प्लुत्यगभीरं
stood. Afterwards from the net away-thrown according to-strength up-leaping deep
नीरं प्रविष्टः। यद्भविष्यश्च़ धीवरैः प्राप्तो व्यापादितः।
water entered. Yadbhavishya and by the fishermen caught (was) killed.
अतो ऽहं ब्रवीमि। अनागतविधाते़त्यादि।तद्य़था़हम़न्यह्रदं
Therefore I say: For the future-preparing &c. Then how Ianother-lake
प्राप्नोमि तथा क्रियतां। हंसावा़हतुः। जलाशयांतरे प्राप्ते
reach, thus be acted! The geese say:Another-water-reservoir being reached
तव कुशलं स्थलेगच्छतस्ते़ को विधिः। कूर्मआह।
of thee welfare,on the dry land going of thee what means? The tortoise says:
यथा़हं भवद्भ्यांसहा़काशवर्त्मना यामि तथा विधीयतां। हंसौ
How I withyou together on the air-way go, thus be it arranged! The geese
ब्रूतः। कथमु़पायःसंभवति। कच्छपो वदति। युवाभ्यां चंचुधृतं
say: How an expedient is possible? Thetortoise says:By you in the beaks-carried
काष्ठखंडमे़कं मया मुखेना़वलंव्यगंतव्यं। युवयोः पक्ष-
wood-piece one by me,with the mouth holding, to be gone. Of you through the
बलेन मया़पि सुखेन गंतव्यं। हंसौब्रूतः। संभवत्ये़ष
wing-strength by me also safely to be gone. The geese say: It is possible this
उपायः। किंतु
expedient. However,
उपायं चिंतयन्प्रा़ज्ञोह्य़पायम़पि चिंतयेत्।
An expedient considering the wise namely calamity also should consider;
पश्यतो वकमूर्खस्य नकुलैर्भ़क्षिताःप्रजाः॥९॥
of an onlooking crane-fool by ichneumons eaten the young ones. (9)
कूर्मःपृष्छति। कथमे़तत्। तौकथयतः। अस्त्यु़त्तरापथे
The tortoise asks: How that? They relate: There is on the north-road
गृध्रकूटनाम्निपर्वते महान्पि़प्पलवृक्षः। तत्रा़नेकवका निवसंति।
on a Gṛidhrakûṭa-named mountain a large Pippala-tree. There several-cranes live.
तस्य वृक्षस्या़धस्ताद्वि़वरे सर्पोबालापत्यानि खादति। अथ
Of that tree at the foot in a hole a serpent the young-offspring devours. Now
शोकार्तानां वकानां विलापं श्रुत्वा केनचिद्व़केनाभिहितं।
of the sorrow-pained cranes the lamentation having heard by some crane said:
एवं कुरुत। यूयं मत्स्यानु़पादाय नकुलविवरादा़रभ्य
Thus do! You fisheshaving taken, from an ichneumon’s-hole beginning
सर्पविवरं यावत्प़ंक्तिक्रमेण विकिरत। ततस्त़दाहारलुब्धैर्ऩ-
the serpent’s-hole up to in a line-series scatter(them)! Then for that-food desirous
कुलैरा़गत्य सर्पो द्रष्टव्यःस्वभावद्वेषाद्व्या़-
by the ichneumons having approached the serpent to be seen, from their-nature’s-enmity
पादयितव्यः। तथा़नुष्ठिते तद्वृ़त्तं। ततस्तत्र वृक्षे
to be killed. Thus (being) accomplished that happened. Then there on the tree
नकुलैर्व़कशावकरावःश्रुतः। पश्चात्तै़र्वृ़-
by the ichneumons of the cranes’-young ones-the cry heard. Afterwards by them,
क्षमा़रुह्यवकशावकाःखादिताः। अत आवां ब्रूवः। उपायं
the tree having ascended the cranes’-young ones eaten. Therefore we say: An expedient
चिंतयन्नि़त्यादि। आवाभ्यां नीयमानं त्वाम़वलोक्य लोकैःकिंचिद्व़-
considering &c.By us being carried thee having seen by the people something
क्तव्यमेंव। तदा़कर्ण्ययदि त्वमुत्तरं दास्यसि तदा त्वन्मरणं।
to be said surely, That hearing if thou an answer wilt give, then of thee-death.
तत्स़र्वथा़चै़वस्थीयतां। कूर्मो वदति। किम़हम़प्राज्ञः।
Therefore wholly here verily be stood! The tortoise says: (What? am) I a fool?
ना़हमु़त्तरं दास्यामि। किम़पि न वक्तव्यं।तथा़-
Not I an answer shall give. Anything whatever not to be said. Thus (being)
नुष्ठिते तथाविधं कूर्ममा़लोक्य सर्वे गोरक्षकाःपश्चाद्धा़वंति वदंति
accomplished in such a state the tortoise seeing all cow-keepers after runsay
च।कश्चिद्व़दति। यद्य़यं कूर्मः पततितदा़त्रै़व पक्त्वा
and; One says: If this tortoise falls, then here verily having cooked
खादितव्यः। कश्चिद्व़दति। अत्रै़व दग्ध्वाखादितव्योऽयं।
tobe eaten. Another says: Here verily having roasted to be eaten that one.
कश्चिद्व़दति।गृहं नीत्वा भक्षणीय इति। तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा
Somebody says: ‘Home having carried to be eaten’ thus, Their-word having heard
स कूर्मःकोपाविष्टो विस्मृतपूर्वसंस्कारःप्राह। युष्मा-
that tortoise with anger-filled having forgotten-the former-agreement says: ‘By you
भिर्भ़स्म भक्षितव्यमि़तिवदन्ने़व पतितस्तै़र्व्या़पादितश्च़। अतो ऽहं
ashes to be eaten’ thus saying still fallen by them killed and. Therefore I
ब्रवीमि। सुहृदां हितकामानाम़ित्यादि। अथ प्रणिधिर्व़कस्त़त्रा़गत्यो़-
say: Of friends well-wishing &c. Now the spy, the crane, there having approached
वाच। देव प्रागे़व मया निगदितं। दुर्गशोधनं हि प्रतिक्षणं
said: Sire, before indeed by me said: ‘Fortress-clearance surely at-the instant
कर्तव्यम़िति। तच्च़ युष्माभिर्ऩकृतं तद़नवधानस्य फलम़-
to be made’ thus. That and by you not done, therefore of disregard the fruit
नुभूतं। दुर्गदाहोमेघवर्णेन गृध्रप्रयुक्तेन
(is) experienced. The fortress-burning by Meghavarṇa, the by the vulture-employed
वायसेन कृतः। राजा निःश्वस्या़ह।
crow, made. The king sighing says:
प्रणयादु़पकाराद्व़ायो विश्वसिति शत्रुषु।
Through affection service or who confides in enemies,
स सुप्तइव वृक्षाग्रात्प़तितःप्रतिबुध्यते॥१०॥
he asleep as it were from a tree’s-top fallen is awakened. (10)
प्रणिधिरु़वाच। इतो दुर्गदाहं विधाय यदा़गतो मेघवर्णस्
The spy said: Hence, fortress-burning having effected, when arrived Meghavarṇa,
तदा चित्रवर्णेन प्रसादितेनो़क्तं। अयं मेघवर्णोऽत्रकर्पूरद्वीप-
then by Chitravarṇa gratified said: This Meghavarṇa here in Karpûradvîpa’s-
राज्ये ऽभिषिच्यतां। तथा चो़क्तं।
sovereignty let be anointed! Thus and said:
कृतकृत्यस्य भृत्यस्य कृत्तं नै़व प्रणाशयेत्।
Of one (who has) done-his duty of a servant the deed not surely he should allow to perish;
फलेन मनसा वाचा दृष्ट्या चै़नं प्रहर्षयेत्॥११॥
with reward, mind, word, look and him he should gladden. (11)
चक्रवाको ब्रूते। ततस्त़तः। प्रणिधिरु़वाच। ततःप्रधानमंत्रिणा
The Chakravâka says: Then, then, The spy said: Then by the prime-minister
गृध्रेणा़भिहितं। देव ने़दमुचितं प्रसादांतरं किम़पि क्रियतां।
the vulture said: Sire, not (is) this proper; another-favour whatever be bestowed!
यतः। अविचारयतो युक्तिकथनं तुषखंडनं।
For, To a not-reflecting arguments-telling (is) husk-grinding.
नीचेषू़पकृतं राजन्ब़ालुकास्व़िव मुद्रितं॥१२॥
on the low benefit bestowed O king (is) on sands as it were impressed.(12)
महतामा़स्पदे नीचः कदा़पि न कर्तव्यः। तथा चो़क्तं।
Of the great in the station a low man ever not to be placed. Thus and said:
नीचः श्लाघ्यपदं प्राप्य स्वामिनं हंतुमि़च्छति।
A low one an honourable-place having attained the master to slay wishes;
मूषिको व्याघ्रतां प्राप्य मुनिं हंतुं गतो यथा॥१३॥
A mouse a tiger’s state having attained the saint to slay gone as. (13)
चित्रवर्णः पृच्छति। कथमे़तत्। मंत्री कथयति। अस्ति गौतमस्य
Chitravarṇa asks: How that? The minister relates: There is in Gautama’s
महर्षेस्त़पोवने महातपा नाम मुनिः। तत्र तेन मुनिना
the great-Rishi’s penance-wood Mahâtapas by name a saint. ‘There by that saint
काकेन नीयमानो मूषिकशावको दृष्टः। ततः स्वभावदयात्मना
by a crow being carried a mouse’s-young one seen. Then by nature-tender-minded
तेन मुनिना नीवारकणैःसंवर्धितः। ततोविडालस्त़ंमूषिकं
by that saint with rice-grains (it was) brought up. Afterwards a cat that mouse
खादितुमु़पधावति।तम़वलोक्य मूषिकस्त़स्य मुनेः क्रोडेप्रविवेश।
to eat runs near. That having seen the mouse that saint’s bosom entered.
ततो मुनिनो़क्तं।मूषिक त्वं मार्जारोभव। ततः स विडालः
Then by the saint said: Mouse, thou a cat be! Then that cat
कुक्कुरं दृष्ट्वापलायते। ततो मुनिनो़क्तं। कुक्कुराद्वि़भेषि
a dog seeing runs away. Then by the saint said: From the dog thou fearest,
त्वमे़व कुक्कुरोभव। स च कुक्कुरोव्याघ्राद्वि़भेति। ततस्ते़न
thou thyself a dog be! That and dog of the tiger is afraid.Therefore by that
मुनिना कुक्कुरो व्याघ्रः कृतः। अथ तंव्याघ्रं मुनिर्मूषिको
saint the dog a tiger made. Now upon that tiger the saint ‘a mouse
ऽयमि़ति पश्यति। अथ तं मुनिं दृष्ट्वाव्याघ्रं च सर्वे वदंति।
this’ thus looks. Then that saint seeing the tiger and, all say:
अनेन मुनिना मूषिको व्याघ्रतां नीतः। एतच्छ्रुत्वा स
By this saint the mouse to a tiger’s-state led. This having heard that
व्याघ्रोऽचिंतयत्। यावद़नेन मुनिना स्थातव्यं तावदि़दं मे
tiger reflected: As long as by that saint tobe remained, so long this of my
स्वरूपाख्यानम़कीर्तिकरं न पलायिष्यते। इत्या़लोच्य मूषिकस्त़ं
original-form-story disgrace-causing not will go away. Thus reflecting the mouse that
मुनिं हंतुं गतः। ततो मुनिना तज्ज्ञा़त्वा पुनर्मू़षिको
saint to kill went, Then by the saintthat having perceived ‘again a mouse
भवे़त्यु़क्त्वामूषिक एव कृतः। अतो ऽहं ब्रवीमि। नीचः
be!’ thus having said, a mouse indeed made. Therefore I say: A low one
श्लाघ्यपदमि़त्यादि। अपरं च। सुकरमि़दमि़ति न
an honourable-place &c. Further and: ‘ Easy-to be done this’ thus not
मंतव्यं। शृणु।
to be thought. Listen,
भक्षयित्वा बहुन्म़त्स्यानु़त्तमाधममध्यमान्।
Having eaten many fishes best-worst-middling,
अतिलोभाद्व़कःपश्चान्मृ़तः कर्कटकग्रहात्॥१४॥
from excessive-greediness a crane afterwards died through a crab’s-gripe. (14)
चित्रवर्णः पृछति। कथमे़तत्।मंत्री कथयति। अस्ति मालवदेशे
Chitravarṇaasks: How that? The minister relates: There isin the Mâlava-country
पद्मगर्भनामधेयं सरः।तत्रै़कोवृद्धो वकः सामर्थ्यहीन उद्विग्नमि़-
Padmagarbha-named a pool. There one old crane of strength-deprived, distressed
वा़त्मानं दर्शयित्वा स्थितः। सच केनचित्कु़लीरेण दृष्टःपृष्टश्च़।
as if, himself showing stood, He and by some crab seen asked and:
किमि़ति भवाऩत्रा़हारत्यागेन तिष्ठति। वकेनो़क्तं। मत्स्यामम
Why thus you here with food-abandonment stay? Bythe crane said: Fishes of me
जीवनहेतवः। ते कैवर्त्तैरा़गत्य व्यापादयितव्याइति वार्त्ता
the life-means, ‘They by fishermen, having approached, to be killed’ thus a report
नगरोपांते मया श्रुता। अतो वर्तनाभावादे़वा़-
in the town’s-neighbourhood by me heard. Therefore ‘from livelihood-want surely
स्मन्मरणमु़पस्थितमि़ति ज्ञात्वा़हारे ऽप्य़नादरः कृतः। ततो
our-death approached’ thus having perceived for food also disregard made. Then
मत्स्यैरा़लोचितं। इह समये तावदु़पकारक एवा़यं
by the fishes considered: Here on the occasion then as a benefactor verily this one
लक्ष्यते। तद़यमे़व यथा कर्तव्यंपृछ्यतां। तथा चो़क्तं।
is seen. Then he even, how to be acted, be asked ! Thus and said:
उपकर्त्रा़रिणा संधिर्ऩमित्रेणा़पकारिणा।
With an assisting enemy alliance, not with a friend injuring;
उपकारापकारौ हि लक्ष्यंलक्षणमे़तयोः॥१५॥
assistance-and injury for to be marked as the mark of these two. (15)
मत्स्या ऊचुः। भो वक को ऽत्ररक्षणोपायः। वको ब्रूते।
The fishes said: Ho crane, what here safety-means? The crane says:
अस्ति रक्षणोपायो जलाशयांतराश्रयणं। तत्रा़हमे़कैकशो
There is a safety-means to another-water-reservoir-resorting. There I one-by one
युष्मान्ऩयामि। मत्स्या आहुः। एवम़स्तु। ततो ऽसौवकस्ता़न्
you carry. The fishes say: Thus be it! Then that crane those
मत्स्याने़कैकशो नीत्वा खादति। अनंतरं कुलीरस्त़मु़वाच। भो वक
fishes one-by one carrying eats. Thereupon the crab him accosted: Ocrane,
माम़पि तत्र नय। ततो वको ऽप्य़पूर्वकुलीरमांसार्थीसादरं
me also there carry! Then the crane also for the new-crab-flesh-longing with-care
तं नीत्वा स्थलेधृतवान्। कुलीरोऽपि मत्स्यकंटकाकीर्णं
him carrying on dry land kept (him), The crab also with fish-bones-covered
तत्स्थ़लमा़लोक्या़चिंतयत्। हा हतो ऽस्मि मंदभाग्यः। भवतु।
that-place seeing reflected: Alas, slain I am miserable-fated. Be it!
इदानीं समयोचितं व्यवहरिष्यामि। इत्या़लोच्य कुलीरस्त़स्य ग्रीवां
Now to the occasion-suitably I shall behave. Thus considering the crab of him the throat
चिच्छेद। स वकः पंचत्वं गतः। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि। भक्षयित्वा
cut, That crane to death gone. Therefore I say: Having eaten
बहून्म़त्स्यानि़त्यादि। ततश्चि़त्रवर्णो ऽवदत्। शृणु तावन्म़ंत्रिन्। मयै़-
many fishes &c, Then Chitravarṇa said: Listen first, minister! By me
तदा़लोचितम़स्ति।अत्रा़वस्थितेन मेघवर्णेन राज्ञा यावंति वस्तूनि
this considered is, Here remaining by Meghavarṇa as king as many things
कर्पूरद्वीपस्यो़त्तमानि तावंत्य़स्माकमु़पनेतव्यानि। तेना़स्माभिर्म़-
ofKarpûradvîpa excellent, so many to us to be conveyed. Thereby by us
हासुखेन विंध्याचले स्थातव्यं। दूरदर्शी विहस्या़ह। देव।
with great-comfort on the Vindhya-mountain to be dwelt. Dûradarśin smiling says; Sire,
अनागतवतीं चिंतां कृत्वा यस्तु़ प्रहृष्यति।
Not-having come to pass adesign having made who however rejoices,
स तिरस्कारमा़प्नोति भम्नभांडो द्विजोयथा॥१६॥
he disgrace incurs, with broken-vessels the Brâhman as.(16)
राजा़ह। कथमे़तत्। मंत्रीकथयति। अस्ति देवीकोट्टनाम्नि
The king says: How that? The minister relates: There is in the Devîkoṭṭa-named
नगरे देवशर्मा नाम ब्राह्मणः। तेन महाविषुवत्संक्रांत्यां
town Devaśarman byname a Brâhman. By him at the great-equinox-passage
शक्तुपूर्णशराव एकः प्राप्तः। तमा़दाया़सौकुंभकारस्य भांड-
with meal-filled-dish one received. That having taken he in a potter’s with vessels-
पूर्णमंडपैकदेशे रौद्रेणा़कुलितः सुप्तः। ततः शक्तुरक्षार्थं
filled-shed-corner by heat oppressed fallen asleep. Then for meal-protection-sake
हस्ते दंडमे़कमा़दाया़चिंतयत्। यद्य़हं शक्तुशरावं विक्रीय
in the hand stick one having taken he reflected: If I the meal-dish having sold
दश कपर्दकान्प्रा़प्स्यामि तदा़चै़व तैःकपर्दकैर्घ़टशरावादिकमु़-
ten cowries shall receive, thenhere just with those cowries pots-dishes-&c.
पक्रीया़नेकधा वृद्धैस्त़द्धनैःपुनः पुनः पूगवस्त्रादिकमु-
having bought, with manifoldly increased those-monies again again betel nuts-clothes-&c.
पक्रीय विक्रीय लक्षसंख्यानि धनानि कृत्वा विवाहचतुष्टयं
having bought, having sold, by Lacs-numbered riches having made, four-marriages
करिष्यामि। अनंतरं तासुसपत्नीषु रूपयौवनवती या
shall make. Afterwards among those wives with beauty-and youth endowed who,
तस्याम़धिकानुरागं करिष्यामि। सपत्न्योयदा द्वंद्वंकरिष्यंति
on her excessive-affection I shall bestow. The rival wives if quarrel shall make,
तदा कोपाकुलो ऽहं ता लगुडेन ताडयिषयामी़त्य़भिधाय
then with anger-overwhelmed I those with a stick shall beat, thus saying
लगुडः क्षिप्तः। तेन शक्तुशरावश्चूर्णितोभांडानि बहूनि भग्नानि।
the stick (was) thrown, By that the meal-dish smashed, vessel many broken
ततस्ते़न शब्देना़गतेन कुंभकारेण तथाविधानि भांडान्य़वलोक्य
Then upon that noise approached by the potter, in such a state the vessels having seen,
ब्राह्मणस्ति़रस्कृतो मंडपाद्वहिष्कृतश्च़। अतो ऽहं ब्रवीमि। अना-
the Brâhman scolded from the shed ejected and.Therefore I say:Not-having
गतवंती चिंतामि़त्यादि। ततो राजा रहसि गृध्रमु़वाच। तात
come to pass a design &c, Then the king in private the vulture accosted; Father,
यथा कर्तव्यं तथोंपदिश। गृध्रो ब्रूते।
as to be acted, thus advise! The vulture says:
महोद्धतस्य नृपतेःसंकीर्णस्ये़व दंतिनः।
Of a pride-inflated man-ruler, of an intoxicated as elephant
गच्छंत्यु़न्मार्गयातस्य नेतारः खलु वाच्यतां॥१७॥
incur of the wrong-ways-going the leaders surely censure.(17)
शृणु देव। किम़स्माभिर्ब़लदर्पाद्दु़र्गंभग्नं
Listen, Sire! (What? was) by us through the forces’-prowess the fortress broken, (or)
न किंतु तवप्रतापाधिष्ठितेनो़पायेन। राजा़ह।
not rather through a by thy excellence-directed expedient? The king says;
भवतामु़पायेन। गृधो ब्रूते। यद्य़स्मद्वचनं क्रियते तदा
Through your expedient. The vulture says: If our-word is done, then
स्वदेशो गम्यतां। अन्यथावर्षाकालेप्राप्ते पुनर्वि़ग्रहे
our own-country let be gone to!Otherwise the rainy-season having arrived, again war
सत्य़स्माकं परभूमिष्ठानां स्वदेशगमनम़पि दुर्लभं
being, of us inforeign-country-staying to our own-country-marching even difficult
भविष्यति। सुखशोभार्थंसंधाय गम्यतां। दुर्गं
will be.For comfort’s-and glory’s-sake having made peace let be gone! The fortress (is)
भग्नं कीर्तिश्च़लब्धै़व। मम संमतं तावदे़तत्।
broken, fame and gained already. Of me the opinion at least this,
यतः। यो हि धर्मंपुरस्कृत्य हित्वा भर्तुःप्रियाप्रिये।
For, Who namely duty preferring, disregarding the master’s liking-and disliking,
अप्रियाण्या़ह तथ्यानि तेन राजा सहायवान्॥१८॥
disagreeable tells truths, through him (is) a king companion-endowed. (18)
अन्यच्च़।सुहृद्बलं तथा राज्यमा़त्मानं कीर्तिमे़व च।
Another and, A friend-army, likewise a kingdom, himself, glory even and,
युधि संदेहदोलास्थंको हि कुर्याद़बालिशः॥१९॥
in battle on uncertainty’s-swing-standing who namely would make not-foolish? (19)
अपरं च। संधिमि़च्छेत्स़मेना़पि संदिग्धो विजयो युधि।
Another and, Peace he should wish with an equal even, uncertain (is) victory inbattle.
सुंदोपसुंदाव़न्योन्यं नष्टौ तुल्यबलौन किं॥२०॥
Sunda-and Upasunda by one-another destroyed of equal-strength (were they) not (what?). (20)
राजोवाच। कथमे़तत्। मंत्रीकथयति। पुरा दैत्यौमहोदारौ
The king said: How that? The minister relates: Formerly two giants of great might
सुंदोपसुंदनामानौमहता क्लेशेन चैलोक्यकामनया विराच्च़ं-
Sunda-and Upasunda-named with great pain through three-worlds’-desire since long
द्रशेखरमा़राधितवंतौ। ततस्त़योर्भ़गवान्परितुष्टो वरं
the moon-crested (Śiva) had worshipped. Then with them His Holiness pleased ‘a boon
वरयतमि़त्यु़वाच। अनंतरं तयोः समाधिस्थितया सरस्वत्या ताव़-
choose!’ thus said, Thereupon of them in meditation-standing by Sarasvati those two
न्यद्वक्तुकामाव़न्यद़भिहितवंतौ। यद्या़वयोर्भ़गवान्परितुष्टस्त़दा स्वप्रि-
one thing-to say-desiring another said: If with us His Holinesspleased, thenhis-beloved
यां पार्वतीं परमेश्वरो ददातु। अथ भगवता क्रुद्धेन वर-
wife Pârvatîthe supreme-lord may give! Now by His Holiness angry through boon-
दानस्या़वश्यकतया विचारमूढयोः पार्वती प्रदत्ता। ततस्त़स्या रूप-
giving’s necessity to the thought-perplexed ones Pârvati (was) given. Then of her beauty-
लावण्यलुब्धाभ्यां जगद्घातिभ्यां मनसो़त्सुकाभ्यां पापतिमिराभ्यां
and lovelinese-desirous by the two world-destroyers in mind longing by sin-darkened,
ममे़त्य़न्योन्यकलहाभ्यां प्रमाणपुरुषः कश्चत्पृ़छ्यतामि़ति
‘mine’ thus with one-another-quarrelling, ‘authority-man some let be asked’ thus
मतौकृतायां स एव भट्टारको वृद्धद्विजरूपः समागत्य
opinion being made, that very deity in an old-Brâhman’s-formhaving come near
तत्रोपस्थितः। अनंतरमा़वाभ्यामि़यं स्वबललब्धा
there approached. Afterwards ‘By us two this one through our own-strength-obtained,
कस्ये़यमा़वयोर्भ़वती़ति ब्राह्मणम़पृच्छतां। ब्राह्मणो ब्रूते।
of whom she of us two is?’ thus the Brâhman they asked. The Brâhman says:
वर्णश्रेष्ठोद्विजः पूज्यः क्षित्रियोबलवाऩपि।
By caste-the best a Brâhman to be honoured, a Kshatriya strength possessing also,
धनधान्याधिको वैश्यःशूदस्तु़ द्विजसेवया॥२१॥
in wealth-and grain-excelling a Vaiśya, the Śûdra however for the twice-borns’-service. (21)
तत्क्ष़त्रधर्मानुगो युद्ध एव युवयोर्नि़यम इत्य़-
Therefore the Kshatriyas’-duties-following for war only of you obligation, thus
भिहिते सति साधू़क्तम़नेने़ति कृत्वा़न्योन्यतुल्यवीर्यौ
declared being, ‘well spoken by him’ thus doing, to one-another-of equal-strength
समकालम़न्योन्यघातेन विनाशमु़पगतौ। अतो ऽहं ब्रवीमि।
at the same-time by a mutual-blow to destruction went. Therefore I say:
संधिमि़च्छेत्स़मेना़पी़त्यादि। राजा़ह। प्रागे़व किं नो़क्तं
Peace he should wish with an equal even &c. The king says: Before already why not spoken
भवद्भिः। मंत्री ब्रूते। मद्वचनं किम़वसानपर्यंतं श्रुतं भवद्भिः।
by you?The minister says: My-word (what? was it) unto the end heard by you?
तदा़पि मम संमत्या ना़यं विग्रहारंभः। साधुगुणयुक्तो
Then also ofme with the approval not this war-commencement. With good-qualities-endowed
ऽयं हिरण्यगर्भोन विग्राह्यः। तथा चोक्तं।
this Hiraṇyagarbha not to be made war upon. Thus and said:
सत्यार्यौधार्मिको ऽनार्योभ्रातृसंघातवान्ब़ली।
The truthful-noble, just, ignoble, of brothers’-numbers possessing, strong,
अनेकयुद्धविजयी संधेयाः सप्तकीर्तिताः॥२२॥
the in many-battles-victorious, to be conciliated seven (are) declared.(22)
सत्यो ऽनुपालयेत्सत्यंसंधितो नै़ति विक्रियां।
The truthful will observe truth; allied not does he go to change;
प्राणबाधे ऽपि सुव्यक्तमा़र्योना़यात्यनार्यतां॥२३॥
in life-destruction even very-manifestly the noble not descends to ignobility. (23)
धार्मिकस्या़भियुक्तस्य सर्वएव हि युध्यते।
For the just (being) attacked everyone even truly fights,
प्रजानुरागाद्ध़र्माच्च़ दुःखोच्छेद्यो हि धार्मिकः॥२४॥
because of the subjects’-affection justice and with difficulty-to be destroyed surely (is) the just. (24)
संधिःकार्यो ऽप्य़नार्येण विनाशे समुपस्थिते।
Alliance to be made also with the ignoble, destruction (having) approached;
विना तस्या़श्रयेणा़न्यःकुर्यान्ऩकालयापनं॥२५॥
without his assistance the other should make not time-wasting. (25)
संहतत्वाद्य़था वेणुर्नि़विडः कंटकर्वृतः।
Because of the compactness as a bamboo thick by thorns surrounded
न शक्यते समुच्छेत्तुं भ्रातृसंघातवांस्त़था॥२६॥
not can be split, the of brothers’-numbers possessing thus.(26)
बलिना सह योद्धव्यमि़तिना़स्ति निदर्शनं।
‘The strong with to be fought’ thus not is an ordinance,
प्रतिवातं न हि घनः कदाचिदु़यसर्पति॥२७॥
against-the wind not namely a cloud ever goes. (27)
जमदग्नेःसुतस्ये़व सर्वःसर्वत्रसर्वदा।
Of Jamadagni’s son (Paraśu-râma) as, everyone everywhere at every time
अनेकयुद्धजयिनः प्रतापादे़व भुज्यते॥२८॥
of the in many-battles-victorious through the splendour already is bowed down. (28)
अनेकयुद्धविजयी संधानं यस्य गच्छति।
The in many-battles-victorious into the alliance of whom goes,
तत्प्रतापेन तस्या़शु वशमा़यांति शत्रवः॥२९॥
through his-splendour of him quickly into the power go enemies. (29)
तत्रतावद्व़हुभिर्गु़णैरु़पेतः संधेयो ऽयं राजा॥
There then with many virtues endowed to be conciliated this king.
चक्रवाको ऽवदत्। प्रणिधे सर्वत्रा़वव्रज। सर्वम़वगतं। गत्वा
The Chakravâka said:Spy, everywhere go! All (is)understood. Having gone
पुनरा़गमिष्यसि। राजा चक्रवाकं पृष्टवान्।मंत्रिन्ऩसंधेयाः
again thou wilt come back. The king the Chakravâka asked:Minister, not-to be conciliated
कति। ताञ्श्रो़तुमि़च्छामि। मंत्री ब्रूते। देव कथयामि। शृणु।
how many? Them to hear I desire.The minister says: Sire, I tell, Listen:
बालो वृद्धो दीर्घरोगी तथा ज्ञातिवहिष्कृतः।
A child, anold man, a long-diseased, likewise one by his relations-spurnt,
भीरुको भीरुजनको लुब्धोलुब्धजनस्त़था॥३०॥
the timid, one with timid-men, the covetous, one with covetous-men likewise; (30)
विरक्तप्रकृतिश्च़ै़व विषयेष्व़तिसक्तिमान्।
one with disloyal-officers and likewise, one to pleasures over-attached,
अनेकचित्तमंत्रस्तु़ देवब्राह्मणनिंदकः॥३१॥
one of many-opinions-in (his) counsels surely, of gods-and Brâhmans-the reviler; (31)
दैवोपहतकश्च़ै़व तथा देवपरायणः।
one by fate-stricken and equally, likewise one to fate-only trusting,
दुर्भिक्षव्यसनोपेती बलव्यसनसंकुलः॥३२॥
one with famine-distress-overwhelmed, one by (his) army’s-disorder-embarrassed; (32)
अदेशस्थो बहुरिपुर्युक्तः कालेन यश्च़न।
the not-in (his) place-staying, many-enemies having, ready in time who and not,
सत्यधर्मव्यपेतश्च़विंशतिःपुरुषा अमी॥३३॥
one from truth-and duty-departing and, twenty men these; (33)
एतैः संधिं न कुर्वीत विगृह्णीयात्तु़ केवलं।
with these alliance not should he make, he should fight (them) on the contrary only,
एते विगृह्यमाणा हि क्षिप्रंयांति रिपोर्वंशं॥३४॥
these fought against namely quickly go into the enemy’s power. (34)
बालस्या़ल्पप्रभावत्वान्ऩलोको योद्धुमि़च्छति।
For a child because of the small-weight not the world to fight desires,
युद्धायुद्धफलं यस्माज्ज्ञा़तुं शक्तो न बालिशः॥३५॥
of fighting-and not fighting-the result because to appreciate able not a child.(35)
उत्साहशक्तिहीनत्वाद्वृ़द्धोदीर्घामयस्तथा।
Because of exertion-power’s-want an old man, one long-diseased likewise
स्वैरे़व परिभूयेते द्वाव़प्ये़ताव़संशयं॥३६॥
by their own (people) even are contemned both together these without-doubt. (36)
सुखोच्छेद्योहि भवति सर्वज्ञातिवहिष्कृतः।
Easily-to be destroyed surely is one by all-relations-spurnt,
त एवै़नं विनिघ्नंति ज्ञातयस्त़्वा़त्मसात्कृताः॥३७॥
they surely him destroy relations, forsooth, his own-made. (37)
भीरुर्यु़द्धपरित्यागात्स्व़यमे़व प्रणश्यति।
The timid through battle-avoiding of himself already perishes;
तथै़व भीरुपुरुषः संग्रामे तैर्वि़मुच्यते॥३८॥
thus equally one with timid-men, in battle by them is forsaken. (38)
लुब्धस्या़संविभागित्वान्ऩयुध्यते ऽनुयायिनः।
For the covetous because of non-distribution not fight the followers;
लुब्धानुजीविकैरे़ष दानभिन्नैर्नि़हन्यते॥३९॥
by covetous-attendants he by of gift-deprived is slain. (39)
संत्यज्यते प्रकृतिभिर्वि़रक्तप्रकृतिर्युधि।
There is abandoned by the officers one with disloyal-officersin battle;
सुखाभियोज्यो भवति विषयेष्व़तिसक्तिमान्॥४०॥
easy-to be defeated is one to pleasures over-attached.(40)
अनेकचित्तमंत्रस्तु़ भेद्यो भवति मंत्रिणा।
One of many-opinions-in (his) counsels surely to be destroyed is by a minister,
अनवस्थितचित्तत्वात्का़र्यतः स उपेक्ष्यते॥8१॥
because of (his) unfixed-mindedness in action he is disregarded. (41)
सदा धर्मबलीयस्त्वाद्दे़वब्राह्मणनिंदकः।
Always because of religion’s-superiority of gods-and Brâhmans-the reviler,
विशीर्यते स्वयं ह्ये़षदैवोपहतकस्त़था॥४२॥
fades away of himself surely he, the by fate-stricken likewise. (42)
संपत्तेश्च़विपत्तेश्च़दैवमे़व हि कारणं।
‘Of success and, offailure and, fate only surely the cause,’
इति दैवपरो ध्यायऩ्ऩात्मानम़पि चेष्टते॥४३॥
thus the to fate-(only) trusting thinking not himself also exerts.(43)
दुर्भिक्षव्यसनी चै़व स्वयमे़व विषीदति।
One with famine-distressed and surely of himself already sinks;
बलव्यसनयुक्तस्य योद्धुं शक्तिर्ऩजायते॥४४॥
of one with army’s-disorder-embarrassed to fight strength not arises. (44)
अदेशस्थो हि रिपुणा स्वल्पकेना़पि हन्यते।
One not-in (his) place-staying surely by an enemy a very-small one even is slains;
ग्राहोऽल्पीयाऩपि जले गजेंद्रम़पि कर्षति॥४५॥
an alligator very small even in water an elephant-chief even overpowers. (45)
बहुशचुस्तु़ संत्रस्तः श्येनमध्ये कपोतवत्।
The many-enemies having surely frightened in the hawks’-midst pigeon-like
येनै़व गच्छति पथा तेनै़वा़शुविपद्यते॥४६॥
on whichverily he goesway, on that verily quickly he perishes. (46)
अकालसैन्ययुक्तस्त़ुहन्यते कालयोधिना।
One untimely-with an army-united forsooth is slain by one in season-fighting.
कौशिकेन हतज्योतिर्नि़शीथइव वायसः॥४७॥
by the owl with destroyed-eyes at midnight as the crow. (47)
सत्यधर्मव्यपेतेन संदध्यान्ऩ कदाचन।
With one from truth-and duty-departing he should ally himself not ever,
स संधितो ऽप्य़साधुत्वाद़चिराद्या़ति विक्रियां॥४८॥
he allied even because of (his) improbity in no-long time goes to change.(48)
अपरम़पि कथयामि। संधिविय्रहयानासनसंश्रयद्वैधीभावाः
Another also I tell:Uniting-fighting-marching-halting-junction-dividing (are)
षाड्गुण्यं। कर्मणामा़रंभोपायः पुरुषद्रव्यसंपद्दे़-
six-qualities. Of operations a commencement-expedient, of men-and materials-good state,
शकालविभागो विनिपातप्रतीकारः कार्यसिद्धिश्च़
of place-and time-division, a disaster’s-remedy, action’s-accomplishment and (is)
पंचांगो मंत्रः। सामदानभेददंडाश्च़त्वार उपायाः। उत्साह-
five-membered counsel. Negotiation-bribery-disuniting-open attack four means. Exertion-
शक्तिर्म़ंत्रशक्तिःप्रभुशक्तिश़्चे़ति शक्तित्रयं। एतत्स़र्वमा़-
power, counsel-power, a sovereign’s-power and, thus power-triad.This
लोच्य नित्यं विजिगीषवो भवंति महांतः।
having considered constantly going to conquer are the great.
या हि प्राणपरित्यागमूल्येना़पि न लभ्यते।
Which namely for life-sacrifice’s-price even not is obtained,
सा श्रीनी़ंतिविदां पश्य चंचला़पि प्रधावति॥४९॥
that fortune of the policy-knowers, behold, fickle though, runs near. (49)
तथा चो़क्तं। वित्तं यदा यस्य समं विभक्तं।
Thus and said, Wealth when of whom equally distributed,
गूढश्च़रः संनिभृतश्च़ मंत्रः।
a secret spy, concealed and counsel,
न चा़प्रियं प्राणिषु यो ब्रवीति
not and unkind (words) unto the living who says,
स सागरांतां पृथिवीं प्रशास्ति॥५०॥
he the ocean-bounded earth rules.(50)
किंतु यद्य़पि महामंत्रिणा गृध्रेण संधानमु़पन्यस्तं तथा़पि
However if also by the great-minister the vulture peace proposed thus even
तेन राज्ञा संप्रति भूतजयदर्पान्ऩमंतव्यं। देव
by that king now through the present-victory’s-pride not to be thought.Sire,
तदे़वं क्रियतां। सिंहलद्वीपस्य महाबलो नाम सारसो राजा़-
this thus let bedone! Of Siṁhaladvîpa Mahâbala by name the Sârasa, the king
स्मन्मित्रंजंबुद्वीपे कोपं जनयतु। यतः।
our-friend in Jambu-dvîpa a disturbance may raise! For,
सगुप्तमा़धाय सुसंहतेन बलेन वीरो विचरन्ऩरातिं।
Great-secrecy practising with a well-composed force a hero marching an enemy
संतापयेद्ये़न समं सुतप्तस्त़प्तेनसंधानमु़पैति तप्तः॥५१॥
should harass, in order that equally well-harassed with the harassed an alliance enters the harassed. (51)
राज्ञै़वम़स्त्वि़ति निगद्य विचित्रनामा वकः सुगुप्तलेखं
By the king ‘so be it’thus having said Vichitra-named a crane, a well-concealed-letter
दत्त्वा सिंहलद्वीपं ग्रहितः। अथ प्रणिधिरा़गत्यो़वाच।
having given to Siṁhaladvîpa despatched. Now the spy having approached said:
देव श्रूयतां तत्रत्यप्रस्तावः। एवं तत्र गृध्रेणो़क्तं।
Sire, let be listened to the there-transaction! Thus there by the vulture said:
यद्दे़व मेघवर्णस्त़त्रचिरमु़षितः स वेत्ति किं संधेय-
‘As, Sire, Meghavarṇa there long sojourned, he knows, whether of one to be
गुणयुक्तो हिरण्यगर्भो न वे़ति। ततो ऽसौ राज्ञा
conciliated-with the qualities-endowed Hir. notor’ thus, Then he by the king,
समाहूय पृष्टः।वायस कीदृशो ऽसौहिरण्यगर्भश्च़क्रवाको
having called (him), asked: Crow, what like (is) that Hiraṇyagarbha, Chakravâka
मंत्री वा कीदृशः। वायस उवाच। देव हिरण्यगर्भो राजा
the minister or what like? The crow said: Sire, Hiraṇyagarbha the king (is)
युधिष्ठिरसमो महाशयश्च़क्रवाकसमोमंत्री न क्वा़प्य़वलोक्यते।
Yudhishṭhira-like of noble-mind, Chakravâka-like a minister not anywhere is seen.
राजा़ह। यद्ये़वं तदा कथम़सौत्वया वंचितः। विहस्य मेघवर्णः
The king says: If thus, then how he by thee deceived? Smiling Meghavarṇa
प्राह। देव।
said:Sire,
विश्वासप्रतिपन्नानां वंचने का विदग्धता।
Of the with confidence-endued in the deception what cleverness?
अंकमा़रुह्य सुप्तं हि हत्वा किं नाम पौरुषं॥५२॥
The lap having ascended one asleep for having slain what namely manliness? (52)
शृणु देव। तेनमंत्रिणा़हं प्रथमदर्शन एव ज्ञातः किंतु
Listen, Sire: By that minister I at first-sight already detected; however
महाशयो ऽसौराजा तेन मया विप्रलब्धः। तथा चो़क्तं।
noble-minded (is) that king, therefore by me deceived. Thus and said:
आत्मौपम्येन यो वेत्तिदुर्जनं सत्यवादिनं।
By with himself-comparison who considers the wicked as truth-speaking,
स तथा वंच्यते धूर्तैर्ब्रा़ह्मणश्छा़गतो यथा॥५३॥
he thus is cheated by knaves the Brâhman with regard to the goat as. (53)
राजो़वाच। कथमे़तत्। मेघवर्णःकथयति। अस्ति गौतमस्या़रण्ये
The king said: How that? Meghavarṇa relates: There was in Gautama’s forest
प्रस्तुतयज्ञः कश्चिद्ब्रा़ह्मणः। स च यज्ञार्थं
having undertaken-a sacrifice some Brâhman. He and for the sacrifice’s-sake
ग्रामांतराच्छ़ागमु़पक्रीय स्कंधे नीत्वा गच्छन्
from another-village a goat having bought onthe shoulder carrying (it) going
धूर्तत्रयेणा़वलोकितः। ततस्ते़ धूर्ता यद्ये़ष च्छागः केना़प्यु़पायेन
by a knave-triad perceived. Then those knaves, ‘if that goat by some stratagem
लभ्यते तदा मतिप्रकर्षोभवती़ति समालोच्य वृक्षत्रयतले
is obtained, then wit-superiority is’ thus having reflected, at a tree-triad’s-foot
क्रोशांतरेण तस्य ब्राह्मणस्या़गमनं प्रतीक्ष्यपथि स्थिताः।
in a Krośa’s-interval of that Brâhman the approach expecting, by the way stood.
तत्रै़केन धूर्तेन गच्छन्स़ बाह्मणो ऽभिहितः। भो ब्राह्मण
There by oneknave going that Brâhman accosted: Ho, Brâhman,
किमि़ति कुक्कुरः स्कंधेनो़ह्यते। विप्रेणो़क्तं। ना़यं श्वा
why thusa dog on the shoulder is carried? By the sage said: Not this a dog,
किंतु यज्ञच्छायः। अथा़नंतरस्थितेना़न्येन धूर्तेन तथै़वो़क्तं।
but a sacrifice-goat, Now by the further on-standing other knave thus likewise said.
तदा़कर्ण्यबाह्मणश्छा़गं भूमौनिधाय मुहुर्नि़-
That having heard the Brâhman the goat on the ground having laid, repeatedly
रीक्ष्य पुनः स्कंधे कृत्वा दोलायमानमतिश्च़लितः। यतः।
having eyed, again on the shoulder having taken, wavering-minded went. For,
मतिर्दो़लायते सत्यं सताम़पि खलोक्तिभिः।
The mind wavers truly of the good even through the knave’s-words,
ताभिर्वि़श्वासितश्च़ा़सौ म्रियते चित्रकर्णवत्॥५४॥
by them made to confide and he dies Chitrakarṇa-like. (54)
राजा़ह। कथमेतत्। स कथयति। अस्ति कस्मिंश्चिद्व़नोद्देशे मदोत्कटो
The king says: How that? He relates. There is in some forest-spot Madotkaṭa
नाम सिंहः। तस्य सेवकास्त्रयः काको व्याघ्रो जंबुकश्च़। अथ
by name a lion. Of him attendants three, a crow, a tiger, a jackal and. Now
तैर्भ्रमद्भिःकश्चिदुष्ट्रोदृष्टःपृष्टश्च़। कुतो भवाना़गतः
by them roaming about some camel seen asked and.Whence you approached
सार्थाद्भ्रष्टः। स चा़त्मवृत्तांतम़कथयत्। ततस्तै़र्नी़त्वा
from a caravan straying? He and his-history told. Then by them having conducted (him)
सिंहे ऽसौसमर्पितः। तेना़भयवाचं दत्त्वाचित्रकर्ण इति
tothe lion he introduced. By himsafety-word having given, ‘Chitrakarṇa’ thus
नाम कृत्वा स्थापितः। अथ कदाचित्सि़ंहस्य शरीरवैकल्याद्भू़-
name having made retained. Now once through the lion’s body-indisposition
रिवृष्टिकारणाच्च़ा़हारम़लभमानास्ते़ व्यग्राबभूवुः। ततस्तै़रा़-
of much-rain-on account and food not-finding they perplexed became. Then by them
लोचितं। चित्रकर्णमे़व यथा स्वामी व्यापादयति तथा़नुष्ठीयतां।
considered: Chitrakarṇa verily how the master kills, thus let it be arranged.
किम़नेन कंटकभुजा। व्याघ्रउवाच। स्वामिना़भयवाचं दत्त्वा़-
What with that thorn-eater? The tiger said: By the master, safety-word having given
नुगृहीतस्त़त्क़थमे़वंसंभवति। काको ब्रूते। इह समये
(he was) received, therefore how thus is it possible? The crow says: Here on the occasion
परिक्षीणः स्वामी पापम़पि करिष्यति। यतः।
fading away the master a sin also will commit. For,
त्यजेत्क्षु़धार्ता महिला स्वपुत्रं
There will abandon with hunger-pained a woman her-son,
स्वादेत्क्षु़धार्ताभुजगी स्वम़ंडं।
there will eat with hunger-pained a female serpent her egg;
बुभुक्षितः किं न करोति पापं
the hungry what not does he commit sin?
क्षीणा नरा निष्करुणा भवंति॥५५॥
exhausted men pitiless are. (55)
अन्यच्च़। मत्तः प्रमत्तश्च़ो़न्मत्तः श्रांतः क्रुद्धो बुभुक्षितः।
Another and, The intoxicated, the careless and, the insane, the distressed, the enraged, the hungry,
लुब्धो भीरुस्त्व़रायुक्तः कामुकश्च़ न धर्मवित्॥५६॥
the covetous, the timid, the hasty, the libertine and not law-knowing. (56)
इति संचिंत्य सर्वे सिंहांतिकं जग्मुः।सिंहेनो़क्तं।आहारार्थं
Thus having reflected all the lion-near went. By the lion said: For food’s-sake
किंचित्प्राप्तं। तैरु़क्तं। यत्नाद़पिन प्राप्तंकिंचित्।
anything obtained? By them said: With pains even not obtained anything.
सिंहेनो़क्तं। को ऽधुना जीवनोपायः। काको वदति। देव स्वाधीना-
By the lion said: Whatnow living-means? The crow says: Sire, through the on
हारपरित्यागात्सर्वनाशो ऽयमु़पस्थितः। सिंहेनो़क्तं। अत्रा़हारः
us-dependant-food’s-refusal all-destruction this approached. By the lion said: Here food
कः स्वाधीनः। काकः कर्णेकथयति। चित्रकर्णइति। सिंहो
what on us-dependant? The crow into the ear says: ‘Chitrakarṇa’ thus. The lion
भूमिं स्पृष्ट्वाकर्णौस्पृशति। अभयवाचं दत्त्वा
the ground havingtouched the ears touches (saying): Safety-word having given
धृतो ऽयम़स्माभिः। तत्क़थमे़वं संभवति। तथा च।
kept he by us. Then how thus is it possible? Thus and:
न भूप्रदानं न सुवर्णदानं न गोप्रदानं न तथा़न्नदानं।
Not land-gift, not gold-gift, not cow-gift, not thus food-gift,
यथा वदंती़ह महाप्रदानं सर्वेषु दानेष्व़भयप्रदानं॥५७॥
as they proclaim here a great-gift among all gifts safety-gift. (57)
अन्यच्च़।सर्वकामसमृद्धस्यअश्वमेधस्य यत्फ़लं।
Another and, Of awith all-wishes-prosperous Aśvamedha what reward,
तत्फ़लं लभते सम्यग़्रक्षिते शरणागते॥५८॥
that reward one receives, duly (being) defended one for protection-approached. (58)
काको ब्रूते। ना़सौ स्वामिना व्यापादयितव्यः किंत्व़स्माभिरे़व।
The crow says: Not he by the lord to be killed but by us only.
तथा कर्तव्यं यथा़सौस्वदेहदानम़ंगीकरोति। सिंहस्त़च्छ्रुत्वा
Thus tobe acted that he his-body’s-gift offers. The lion that having heard
तूष्णीं स्थितः। ततो ऽसौलब्धावकाशः कूटंकृत्वा सर्वाना़-
silently stood. Then he (having) found-an opportunity a plot having made all
दाय सिंहांतिकं गतः। अथकाकेनो़क्तं। देव यत्नाद़प्या़हारो
having taken lion-near gone. Now by the crow said:Sire, with pains even food
न प्राप्तः। अनेकोपवासखिन्नःस्वामी तदि़दानीं मदीयमांसमु़-
not found. By much-fasting-exhausted (is) my lord, therefore now my-flesh
पभुज्यतां।यतः।
let be eaten! For,
स्वामिमूला भवंत्ये़व सर्वाः प्रकृतयः खलु।
The master-as root having are verily all state’s members surely;
समूलेष्व़पि वृक्षेषुप्रयत्नः सफलो नृणां॥५९॥
on with-roots (endowed) also trees care (bestowed) fruitful of men. (59)
सिंहेनो़क्तं। वरं प्राणपरित्यागो न पुनरी़दृशि कर्मणि प्रवृत्तिः।
By the lion said: Better life-abandonment not however in such anaction engaging.
जंबुकेना़पि तथो़क्तं। ततः सिंहेनो़क्तं। मैंवं। अथ
By the jackal also thus said. Then by the lion said: Not thus! Now
व्याघ्रेणो़क्तं। मद्देहेन जीवतु स्वामी। सिंहेनो़क्तं। न
by the tiger said: Through my-body may live the lord! By the lion said: Not
कदाचिदे़वमु़चितं। अथ चित्रकर्णो ऽपि जातविश्वासस्त़थै़वा़-
ever thus proper! Now Chitrakarṇa also with created-confidence so just
त्मदानमा़ह। ततस्त़द्वचनात्तेन व्याघ्रेणा़सौ कुक्षिं विदार्य
self-gift declares. Then upon his-word by that tiger he, the flank having torn open,
व्यापादितःसर्वैर्भ़क्षितः। अतोऽहं ब्रवीमि।मतिर्दो़लायते सत्यमि़-
killed by all eaten. Therefore I say: The mind wavere truly
त्यादि । ततस्तृ़तीयधूर्तवचनं श्रुत्वास्वमतिभ्रमं निश्चित्य
&c, Then the third-knave’s-word having heard of his-mind’s-shakiness being convinced
च्छागंत्यक्त्वाब्राह्मणः स्नात्वागृहं ययौ। स च्छागस्तै़र्धू़-
the goat leaving the Brâhman having bathed home went. That goat by those
तैर्नी़त्वा भक्षितः। अतो ऽहं ब्रवीमि। आत्मौपम्येन यो
knaves having taken (it) eaten.Therefore I say: By with himself-comparison who
वेत्ती़त्यादि। राजा़ह। मेघवर्ण कथं शत्रुमध्ये त्वया
considers &c.The king says: Meghavarṇa, how in the enemies’-midst by thee
चिरमु़षितं कथं वा तेषाम़नुनयः कृतः। मेघवर्ण उवाच। देव
long dwelt, how or of them conciliation made? Meghavarṇa said: Sire,
स्वामिकार्यार्थिना स्वप्रयोजनवशाद्वा़किं न क्रियते।
by one the master’s-profit-seeking, for one’s own-aims’-sake or what not isdone?
पश्य। लोको वहति किं राजन्ऩ मूर्ध्ना दग्धुमि़ंधनं।
Behold: People do they carry (what?), O king, not on the head to burn (it) fuel?
क्षालयन्ऩपि वृक्षांघ्रिंनदीवेलानिकृंतति॥६०॥
Washing also a tree’s-foot a river’s-current tears (it) down. (60)
तथा चो़क्तं। स्कंधेना़पि वहेच्छ़त्रून्का़र्यमा़साद्य बुद्धिमान्।
Thus and said: On the shoulder even will carry enemies, an object approaching, the wise,
यथा वृद्धेन सर्पेण मंडूका विनिपातिताः॥६१॥
as bythe oldserpent frogs (were) destroyed. (61)
राजा़ह। कथमे़तत्। मेघवर्णःकथयति।अस्ति जीर्णोद्याने
The king says: How that? Meghavarṇa relates: There was in an old-garden
मंदविषो नाम सर्पः। सो ऽतिजीर्णतया़हारम़प्य़न्वेष्टुम़क्षमः
Mandavisha by name a serpent. That from over-agedness food even to seek unable
सरस्तीरे पतित्वा स्थितः। ततो दूरादे़व केनचिन्म़ंडूकेन
on a pond’s-bank having fallen remained. Then from afar already by some frog
दृष्टः पृष्टश्च़। किमि़ति त्वमा़हारं ना़न्विष्यसि। सर्पो ऽवदत्।
seen, asked and: Why thus thou foodnot dost seek? The serpent said:
गच्छभद्रमम मंदभाग्यस्य प्रश्नेन किं। ततः संजात-
Go, my dear! Of me ill-fated with questioning what? Then with roused-
कौतुकः स च भेकः सर्वथा कथ्यतामि़त्या़ह।सर्पोऽप्या़ह।
curiosity that also frog ‘wholly let it be told!’ thussays. The serpent also says:
भद्र ब्रह्मपुरवासिनः श्रोत्रियस्य कौंडिन्यस्य पुत्रो विंशतिवर्षीयः
My dear, of an in Brahmapura-living Śrotriya Kauṇḍinya the son twenty-years old
सर्वगुणसंपन्नो दुर्दैवान्म़मनृशंसस्वभावाद्द़ष्टः। तं
with all-virtues-endowed from ill-fate of me through the cruel-nature bitten.That
पुत्रं सुशीलनामानं मृतमा़लोक्य मूर्छितः कौंडिन्यः पृथिव्यां लुलोठ।
son Suśila-named dead having seenfainting Kauṇḍinya on the ground rolled.
अनंतरंब्रह्मपुरवासिनः सर्वे बांधवास्त़त्रा़गत्यो़पविष्टाः।
Thereupon Brahmapura-inhabiting all relations there having approached sat down,
तथा चो़क्तं। उत्सवे व्यसने युद्धे दुर्भिक्षेराष्ट्रविप्लवे।
Thus and said: At a festival, in distress, in battle, in famine, in realm-tumult,
राजद्वारे श्मशाने च यस्ति़ष्ठति स बांधवः॥६२॥
at the king’s-door, on the cemetery and who remains, he a relation.(62)
तत्रकपिलो नाम स्नातको ऽवदत्। अरे कौंडिन्य मूढो
There Kapila by name, a householder, said: Alas, Kauṇḍinya, infatuated
ऽसि तेनै़वं विलपसि।
thou art, therefore thus thou lamentest.
शृणु। क्रोडीकरोति प्रथमं यथा जातम़नित्यता।
Listen:To the bosom folds first as a child perishableness,
धात्री़व जननी पश्चात्तथा शोकस्य कः क्रमः॥६३॥
a nurse as, the mother afterwards, therefore for sorrow what course? (63)
क्व गताः पृथिवीपालाः ससैन्यबलवाहनाः।
Where (are) gone the earth-protectorswith-armies-power-chariots,
वियोगसाक्षिणी येषां भूमिऱद्या़पि तिष्ठति॥६४॥
departure-witnessing of whom the earth to-day even stands? (64)
अपरं च। कायःसंनिहितापायः संपदः पदमा़पदां।
Another and, The body has destruction-close to it, happiness the place for misfortunes,
समागमाः सापगमाः सर्वमु़त्पादि भंगुरं॥६५॥
meeting with-departure (connected), everything born (is) frail.(65)
प्रतिक्षणम़यं कायःक्षीयमाणोन लक्ष्यते।
Every moment this body wasting away not is perceived,
आमकुंभ इवा़ंभःस्थोविशीर्णःसन्वि़भाव्यते॥६६॥
a crude-jar as in water-standing; dissolved being, it is discovered. (66)
आसन्नतरतामे़तिमृत्युर्ज़ंतोर्दिने दिने।
To closer proximity goes death of a living being day by day,
आघातं नीयमानस्य बध्यस्ये़व पदेपदे॥६७॥
of a to slaughter being led culprit as step by step. (67)
अनित्यं यौवनं रूपं जीवितं द्रव्यसंचयः।
Uncertain (is) youth, beauty, life, of goods-a store,
ऐश्वर्यं प्रियसंवासो मुह्येत्त़त्रन पंडितः॥६८॥
sovereignty, friends’-society; fascinated should be there not the wise. (68)
यथा काष्ठंच काष्ठं च समेयातां महोदधौ।
As a plank and a plank and may meet on the mighty-water-receptacle,
समेत्य च व्यपेयातां तद्वद्भू़तसमागमः॥६९॥
having met and may part, thus of beings-the meeting. (69)
यथा हि पथिकः कश्चिच्छा़यामा़श्रित्य तिष्ठति।
As namely wanderer some to shade having resorted halts,
विश्रम्य च पुनर्ग़च्छेत्त़द्वद्भू़तसमागमः॥७०॥
having rested and again will go, thus of beings-the meeting. (70)
अन्यच्च़। पंचभिर्नि़मिते देहे पंचत्वं च पुनर्गते।
Another and, On the of five (elements) composed body, to the five’s state and again gone,
स्वां स्वां योनिम़नुप्राप्तेतत्रका परिदेवना॥७१॥
its its birthplace having found, there what lamentation. (71)
यावतः कुरुते जंतुःसंबंधान्म़नसःप्रियान्।
As manymakes a creature connections to the mind dear,
तावंतो ऽपि निखन्यंते हदये शोकशंकवः॥७२॥
so many also are ingrafted in the heart sorrow-thorns. (72)
ना़यम़त्यंतसंवासोलभ्यते येन केनचित्।
Not this perpetual-association is found by anyone whomsoever
अपि स्वेन शरीरेण किमु़ता़न्येन केनचित्॥७३॥
even with his own body, how much lesswith else anyone! (73)
अपि च। संयोगो हि वियोगस्य संसूचयति संभवं।
Also and, Connection namely of separation indicates the origin,
अनतिक्रमणीयस्य जन्म मृत्योरि़वा़गमं॥७४॥
of the inevitable birth of death as the approach. (74)
आपातरमणीयानां संयोगानां प्रियैःसह।
Of for the moment-delightful connections friends with,
अपथ्यानामि़वा़न्नानां परिणामो ऽतिदारुणः॥७५॥
of unwholesome as foods, the end (digestion) over-painful. (75)
अपरं च। व्रजंति न निवर्तंते श्रोतांसि सरितां यथा।
Another and, There run on, not return, the waves of rivers as,
आयुरा़दाय मर्त्यानां तथा रात्र्यहनी सदा॥७६॥
the life taking away of mortals thus night-and day always. (76)
सुस्वास्वादपरो यस्तु़ संसारे सत्समागमः।
In happiness-enjoyment-only consisting which truly in theworld with the good-association,
स वियोगावसानत्वाद्दु़ःखानां धुरि युज्यते॥७७॥
that from (its) in separation-ending of troubles in the yoke isjoined. (77)
अत एव हिने़च्छंति साधवःसत्समागमं।
Therefore only namely not wish the virtuous with the good-association,
यद्वि़योगासिलूनस्य मनसो ना़स्ति भेषजं॥७८॥
because of the with separation’s-sword-cut heart not is a remedy. (78)
सुकृतान्य़पि कर्माणि राजभिः सगरादिभिः।
Well-performed even works by the kings Sagara &c.,
अथ तान्ये़व कर्माणि ते चा़पि प्रलयं गताः॥७९॥
then those very works they and also to destruction gone. (79)
संचिंत्य संचिंत्य तमु़ग्रदंडं मृत्युंमनुषस्य विचक्षणस्य।
Having reflected having reflected on that stern-sceptred Death, of a intelligent
वर्षांम्बुसिक्ता इव चर्मबंधाः सर्वे प्रयत्नाः शिथिलीभवंति॥८०॥
with rain-water-sprinkled as leather-straps all efforts relaxed-become. (80)
यामे़व रात्रिं प्रथमामु़पैति गर्भेनिवासं नरवीरलीकः।
On which just night first takes up in the womb (his) abode a human-hero,
ततः प्रभृत्य़स्खलितप्रयाणःस प्रत्यहं मृत्युसमीपमे़ति॥८१॥
thence forward with unfaltering-progress he daily death-near goes. (81)
अतः संसारं विचारय। शोको ऽयम़ज्ञानस्य प्रपंचः। पश्य।
Therefore the world consider! Sorrow this ofignorance display. Behold:
अज्ञानं कारणं न स्याद्व़ियोगो यदि कारणं।
Ignorance the cause not (if) were, separation if the cause,
शोको दिनेषु गच्छत्सु वर्धताम़पयाति किं॥८२॥
sorrow, days passing on, should increase; it departs why? (82)
तद़त्रा़त्मानम़नुसंधेहि। शोकचर्चांपरिहर। यतः।
Therefore here thyself compose! Sorrow-searching avoid! For,
अकांडपातजातानां गात्राणां मर्मभेदिनां।
Of the not-by arrow-fall-produced of the limbs the joints-cutting
गाढशोकप्रहाराणाम़चिंतै़व महौषधी॥८३॥
deep-sorrow’s-blows not-reflection only the great-remedy. (83)
ततस्त़द्वचनं निशम्य प्रबुद्ध इव कौंडिन्य उत्थाया़ब्रवीत्।
Then his-word having heard awakened as it were Kauṇḍinya rising said:
तद़लमि़दानीं गृहनरकवासेन। वनमे़व गच्छामि।
Then enough nowwith in a house-hell-dwelling. To the wood surely I go.
कपिलःपुनरा़ह।
Kapila again says:
वने ऽपि दोषाः प्रभवंति रागिणां
In a wood even evile arise of the passionate,
गृहे ऽपि पंचेंद्रियनिग्रहस्त़पः।
in a house even the five-organs’-restraint (is) penance;
अकुत्सिते कर्मणि यःप्रवर्तते
in unblemished action who engages,
निवृत्तरागस्य गृहं तपोवनं॥८४॥
of one with restrained-passions the house (is) a penance-wood. (84)
यतः। दुःखितो ऽपि चरेद्ध़र्मंयत्र कुत्रा़श्रमे रतः।
For, The afflicted also should observe the law in any whatsoever order of life delighting
समः सर्वेषु भूतेषु न लिंगं धर्मकारणं॥८५॥
equal unto all beings; not (is) an (external) mark of virtue-a cause. (85)
उक्तं च। वृत्त्यर्थंभोजनं येषां संतानार्थंच मैथुनं।
Said and, For life’s-sake the food of whom, for offspring’s-sake and love,
वाक्स़त्यवचनार्थाय टुर्गाण्य़पि तऱति ते॥८६॥
speech for true-words’-sake, difficulties also overcome they. (86)
तथा हि। आत्मा नदी संयमपुण्यतीर्था
Thus namely, The soul (is) a river having restraint-as holy-bathing places,
सत्योदका शीलतटा दयोर्मिः।
truth-as water, character-as banks, tenderness-as waves;
तत्रा़भिषेकं कुरु पांडुपुत्र
there ablution make, OPâṇḍu-son!
न वारिणा शुध्यति चा़ंतरात्मा॥८७॥
not through water is purified also the inward-soul. (87)
विशेषतश्च़। जन्ममृत्युजराव्याधिवेदनाभिरु़पद्रुतं।
Especially and, With birth-death-old age-illness-pain overwhelmed
संसारमि़ममु़त्पन्नम़सारं त्यजतःसुखं॥८८॥
world this produced saplessof the quitting happiness. (88)
यतः। दुःखमे़वा़स्ति न सुखं यस्मात्त़द़ुपलक्ष्यते।
For, Pain only exists, not ease, because this is observed,
दुःखार्तस्य प्रतीकारे सुखसंज्ञा विधीयते॥८९॥
on a pain-sufferer’s remedy of ease-the name is bestowed. (89)
कौंडिन्यो ब्रूते। एवमे़व। ततो ऽहं तेन शोकाकुलेन ब्राह्मणेन
Kauṇḍinya says: So just.Then I by that sorrow-afflictedBrâhman
शप्तोयद़द्या़रभ्य मंडूकानां वाहनं भविष्यसी़ति। कपिलो ब्रूते।
cursed, that ‘to-day beginning of frogs a vehicle thou shalt be’ thus. Kapila says:
संप्रत्यु़पदेशासहिष्णुर्भ़वान्। शोकाविष्टं ते हृदयं। तथा़पि
At present advice-not bearing you. With sorrow-filled of thee the heart. Thus even
कार्यंशृणु।
what to be done hear:
संगः सर्वात्मना त्याज्यःस च त्यक्तुं न शक्यते।
Society with all-the mind to be shunned, that if be shunned not can,
स सद्भिःसह कर्तव्यःसतां संगो हि भेषजं॥९०॥
that the good with to be made; of the good the society namely a medicine. (90)
अन्यच्च़।कामःसर्वात्मना हेयःस चो़द्धातुं न शक्यते।
Another and, Love with all-the soul to be quitted, that if be quitted notcan,
स्वभार्यांप्रति कर्तव्यःसै़व तस्य हि भेषजं॥९१॥
one’s-wife towards to be made, she only of that namely amedicine. (91)
एतच़्छ्रुत्वा स कौंडिन्यःकपिलोपदेशामृतप्रशंतशोकानलो
This having heard that Kauṇḍinya by Kapila’s-advice-nectar-being allayed-(his) sorrow-fire
यथाविधि दंडग्रहणं कृतवान्। अतो ब्राह्मणशापान्म़ंडूकान्
according-to rule staff-taking made. Therefore through the Brâhman’s-curse frogs
वोढुम़त्रतिष्ठामि। अनंतरं तेन मंडूकेन गत्वा मंडूकनाथस्य
to carry here I stay. Thereupon by that frog, having gone, of the frog-lord
जालपादनाम्नोऽग्रेतत्कथितं। ततो ऽसावा़गत्य मंडूकनाथस्त़स्य
Jâlapâda-named in front that related. Then that having approached frog-lord of that
सर्पस्य पृष्ठमा़रूढवान्। स च सर्पस्त़ंपृष्ठेकृत्वा
serpent the back ascended. That and serpent him on (his) back placing
चित्रपदक्रमं बभ्राम। परेद्युश्च़लितुम़समर्थंतं मंडूकनाथो
at a wondrous-pace roamed about. The following-day to go unable him the frog-lord
ऽवदत्। किम़द्य भवान्म़ंदगतिः। सर्पो ब्रूते। देव आहारविरहाद़-
addressed: Why to-day you slowly-going? The serpent says: Sire, from food-want
समर्थोऽस्मि। मंडूकनाथोऽवदत्। अस्मदाज्ञयामंडूकान्भ़क्षय। ततो
unable I am.The frog-lord said: By our-command frogs cat! Then
गृहीतो ऽयं महाप्रसादइत्यु़क्त्त्वाक्रमशो मंडूकान्खा़दितवान्। अतो
‘accepted this great-favour’ thus saying by degrees the frogs he ate.Then
निर्मंडूकं सरो विलोक्य मंडूकनाथो ऽपि तेन खादितः। अतो
void of frogs the pond seeing the frog-lord also by him eaten.Therefore
ऽहं ब्रवीमि। स्कंधेना़पि वहेच्छ़त्रूऩित्यादि। देव यात्व़िदानीं
I say: On the shoulder even will carryenemies &c.Sire, let go now
पुरावृत्ताख्यानकथनं। सर्वथा संधेयो ऽयं हिरण्यगर्भो
former-events’-stories’-telling! ‘By all means to be conciliated thisHiraṇyagarbha
राजा संधीयताम़िति मे मतिः।राजो़वाच। को ऽयं
king let be made peace with’ thus of me the opinion, The king said: What this
भवतोविचारः। यतो जितस्ता़वद़यम़स्माभिस्त़तो यद्य़स्मत्सेवया
of you thought? Since defeated first he by us, therefore if in our-vassalage
वसति तदा़स्तां नो चेद्वि़गृह्यतां। अत्रा़ंतरे
he dwells, then may he remain, not if, let him be attacked! There meanwhile,
जंबुद्वीपादा़गत्य शुकेनोंक्तं। देव सिंहलद्वीपस्य सारसो
from Jambudvîpa having arrived,by the parrot said: Sire, of Siṁhaladvîpa the Sârasa
राजा संप्रति जंबुद्वीपमा़क्रम्या़वतिष्ठते। राजा ससंभ्रमं
king now Jambudvîpa having invaded remains (there).The king with-confusion
ब्रूते। किं किं। शुकः पूर्वोक्तं कथयति। गृध्रःस्वागतमु़-
says: What? what? The parrotthe before-said relates. The vulture to himself
वाच। साधु रे चक्रवाकमंत्रिन्स़र्वज्ञ साधु साधु। राजा
said: Well, OChakravâka minister Sarvajña, well, well.The king
सकोपमा़ह। आस्तां तावद़यं। गत्वा तमे़व समूलमु़-
with-anger says: Let remain then this one! Having gone that one surely with-root
न्मूलयामि। दूरदर्शी विहस्या़ह।
I root up. Dûradarśin smiling says:
न शरन्मेघवत्का़र्यंवृथै़व घनगर्जितं।
Not autumn-cloud-like to be made in vain only cloud-thundering;
परस्या़र्थम़नर्थंवा प्रकाशयतिनो महान्॥९२॥
to an enemy profit loss or revealsnever the great. (92)
अपरं च। एकदा न विगृह्णीयाद्ब़हून्ऱाजा़भिघातिनः।
Another and, At once not should fight many a king adversaries,
सदर्पो ऽप्यु़रगः कीटैर्ब़हुभिर्ना़श्यते ध्रुवं॥९३॥
a proud even serpent by insects many is made to perish surely. (93)
देव किमि़ति विना संधानं गमनम़स्ति। यतस्त़दा़स्मत्पश्चात्
Sire, why thus without concluding peace marching is? For then behind our-back
प्रकोपो ऽनेन कर्तव्यः। अपरं च।
disturbance by this one to be made. Another and,
यो ऽर्थतत्त्वम़विज्ञायक्रोधस्यै़व वशं गतः।
Who a thing’s-true state not-having ascertained of anger verily into the power gone,
स तथा तप्यतेमूढो ब्राह्मणो नकुलाद्य़था॥९४॥
he thus is pained fool, the Brâhman on account of the ichneumon as. (94)
राजा़ह। कथमे़तत्। दूरदर्शी कथयति। अस्त्यु़ज्जयिन्यां माधवो
The king says: How that? Dûradarśin relates: There is in UjjayinîMâdhava
नाम विप्रः। तस्य ब्राह्मणी प्रसूता बालापत्यस्य रक्षार्थं
by name a Brâhman. Of him the wife having born, of the young-child for protection’s-sake
ब्राह्मणम़वस्थाप्यस्नातुंगता। अथ ब्राह्मणाय राज्ञः पार्वण-
the Brâhman having left, to bathegone. Now to the Brâhman the king’s monthly
श्राद्धं दातुमा़ह्वानमा़गतं। तच़्छ्रुत्वाब्राह्मणःसहज-
Śrâddha to give an invitation came.That having heard the Brâhman from his natural-
दारिद्राद़चिंतयत्। यदि सत्वरं न गच्छामि तदा़न्यःकश्चिच़्छ्रुत्वा
poverty reflected: If with-haste not I go then else somebody having heard
श्राद्धं ग्रहीष्यति। यतः।
the Śrâddha will take. For,
आदानस्य प्रदानस्य कर्तव्यस्य च कर्मणः।
Of a receipt, of a gift, of to be done and work
क्षिप्रम़क्रियमाणस्य कालःपिबति तद्रसं॥९५॥
speedily not-being done time drinks its-essence. (95)
किंतु बालकस्या़त्र रक्षकोना़स्ति। तत्किंकरोमि। यातु
However of the child here a guardian not is.Then what do l ? Well!
चिरकालपालितमि़मं नकुलंपुत्रनिर्विशेषं बालकरक्षायां
a long-time-cherished this ichneumon from a son-without difference in the child’s-protection
व्यवस्थाप्य गच्छामि। तथा कृत्वा गतः। ततस्ते़न नकुलेन
having placed I go. Thus having done (he) departed. Then by that ichneumon
बालकसमीपमा़गच्छन्क़ृष्णसर्पोदृष्ट्वाव्यापाद्य
to the child’s-proximity approaching a black serpent, having seen, having killed,
कोपात्ख़ंडं खंडं कृत्वा खादितः। ततोऽसौ नकुलो ब्राह्मणम़ा-
from anger part part having made, devoured. Then that ichneumon the Brâhman
यांतम़वलोक्य रक्तविलिप्तमुखपादःसत्वरम़ुपागम्य
coming near seeing with blood-smeared-mouth-and feet with-haste having approached
तच्चरणयोर्लुलोठ। ततः स विप्रस्त़थाविधं तं दृष्ट्वाबालको
at his-feet rolled.Then that Brâhman in such-a statehim having seen, ‘the child
ऽनेन खादित इत्य़वधार्य नकुलं व्यापादितवान्। अनंतरं यावद़ु-
by him eaten’ thus inferring the ichneumon killed. Afterwards while
पसृत्या़पत्यं पश्यति ब्राह्मणस्ता़वद्बालकः सुस्थः सर्पश्च़
approaching at the child looks the Brâhman, then the child healthy the serpent and
व्यापादितस्ति़ष्ठति। ततस्त़मु़पकारकं नकुलंनिरीक्ष्यभावित-
killed lies. Then that as a benefactor ichneumon having recognized with reflecting-
चेताः स परं विषादम़गमत्। अतो ऽहं ब्रवीमि। यो ऽर्थतत्त्वम़-
mind he to extreme grief went. Therefore I say: Who a thing’s-true state
विज्ञाये़त्यादि। अपरं च।
not-having ascertained &c.Another and,
कामः क्रोधस्त़थामोहो लोभो मानो मदस्त़था।
Lust, anger, likewise infatuation, covetousness, pride, intoxication likewise,
षड्वर्गम़ुत्सृजेद़ेनम़स्मिंस्त्य़क्ते सुखी नृपः॥९६॥
of six-collection should he avoid this; this (being) shunned happy a prince. (96)
राजा़ह। मंत्रिन्ने़ष ते निश्चयः। मंत्री ब्रूते। एवमेंव।
The king says: Minister, (is) thisthy conviction? The minister says: So just.
यतः। स्मृतिश्च़ परमार्थेषु वितर्कोज्ञाननिश्चयः।
For, Recollection and, in important-matters deliberation, knowledge-conviction,
दृढता मंत्रगुप्तिश्च़मंत्रिणःपरमो गुणः॥९७॥
firmness, counsel-concealment and a minister’s highest quality. (97)
तथा च। सहसा विदधीत न क्रियां
Thus and, With rashness one should perform not an action,
अविवेकः परमापदां पदं।
inconsiderateness of the greatest-misfortunes the foundation;
वृणते हि विमृश्यकारिणं
there choose namely one after deliberation-acting
गुणलब्धाः स्वयमे़व संपदः॥९८॥
through virtues-charmed of themselves already fortunes.(98)
तद्दे़व यदि़दानीम़स्मद्वचनं क्रियते तदा संधाय गम्यतां।
Therefore Sire, if now our-word is done then having made peace let be gone!
यतः। यद्य़प्यु़पायाश्च़त्वारोनिर्दिष्टाःसाध्यसाधने।
For, If also means four pointed out of what is to be accomplished-in the accomplishment
संख्यामात्रंफलं तेषां सिद्धिः साम्निव्यवस्थिता॥९९॥
number-merely (is) the fruit of them; success in negotiation grounded. (99)
राजा़ह। कथमे़वं संभवति। मंत्री ब्रूते। देव सत्वरं भविष्यति।
The king says: How thus is it possible?The minister says: Sire, with-haste it will be.
यतः। अज्ञः सुखमा़राध्यः सुखतरमा़राध्यते विशेषज्ञः।
For, An ignorant easy to be conciliated, more easily is conciliated the difference-knowing,
ज्ञानलवदुर्विदग्धंब्रह्म़ापि नरं न रंजयति॥१००॥
a with knowledge-particles-badly-imbued Brahmâeven man not conciliates. (100)
विशेषतश्च़ा़यं धर्मज्ञो राजा सर्वज्ञोमंत्रीच। ज्ञातमे़-
Especially and this duty-knowing king Sarvajña (‘all-knowing’) minister and. Perceived
तन्म़या पूर्वंमेघवर्णवचनात्त़त्कृतकार्यसंदर्शनाच्च़। यतः।
this by me before from Megh.’s-word, from the by him-done-action’s-perception and. For,
कर्मानुमेयाः सर्वत्र परोक्षगुणवृत्तयः।
From actions-to be inferred (is) everywhere of those of unknown-qualities-the conduct
तस्मात्प़रोक्षवृत्तीनां फलैःकर्मा़नुभाव्यते॥१०१॥
therefore of those of unknown-conduct by the results the action is perceived. (101)
राजा़ह। अलमु़त्तरोत्तरेण। यथाभिप्रेतम़नुष्ठीयतां।
The king says: Enough with answers-and replies! As-intended let it be accomplished!
एतन्म़ंत्रयित्वा गृध्रोमहामंत्री तत्रयथार्हंकर्तव्यमि़-
This having advised the vulture the great-minister ‘there as-proper tobe acted,
त्यु़क्त्वादुर्गाभ्यंतरं चलितः। ततः प्रणिधिवकेना़गत्य
thus having said to the fort’s-interior gone. Then by the spy-crane having approached
राज्ञो हिरण्यगर्भस्य निवेदितं। देव संधिं कर्तुं महामंत्री
to king Hiraṇyagarbha made known: Sire, peace to make the great-minister
गृध्रोऽस्मत्समीपमा़गच्छत्। राजहंसो ब्रूते। मंत्रिन्प़ुनः
the vulture to our-neighbourhood approached. The flamingo says: Minister, again
संबंधिना केनचिद़त्रा़गंतव्यं। सर्वज्ञोविहस्या़ह।
by a conspirator some here will be approached. Sarvajña smiling says:
देव न शंकास्पदमे़तद्य़तो ऽसौमहाशयो दूरदर्शी। अथवा
Sire not fear-foundation this, for that noble-minded Dûradarśin. But
स्थितिरि़यं मंदमतीनां। कदाचिच्छ़ंकै़व न क्रियते
the habit this of the slow-minded: Sometimes fear at all not is made,
कदाचित्स़र्वत्रशंका। तथा हि।
sometimes everywhere fear.Thus namely,
सरसि बहुशस्ता़राच्छायेक्षणात्प़रिवंचितः
On a pond often through star-images’-perception deceived
कुमुदविटपान्वेषी हंसोनिशास्व़विचक्षणः।
a lotus-shoots-seeking goose at night, unwise,
न दशतिपुनस्ता़राशंकी दिवा़पि सितोत्पलं
not eats again stars-fearing by day also the white-lotus;
कुहकचकितो लोकः सत्ये ऽप्य़पायम़पेक्षते॥१०२॥
by knaves-frightened the world in the honest even danger suspects. (102)
दुर्जनदूषितमनसः सुजनेष्व़पि ना़स्ति विश्वासः।
Of one with by wicked men-spoiled-mind in good-men also not is confidence;
बालः पायसदग्धो दध्य़पि फूत्कृत्य भक्षयति॥१०३॥
a child with milk-burnt curd also, having blown upon it, eats. (103)
तद्दे़व यथाशक्ति तत्पूजार्थंरत्नोपहारादिसामग्री
Therefore Sire, according to-power for his-honour’s-sake of jewel-presents-&c.-asum
सुसज्जीक्रियतां। तथा़नुष्ठिते सति स गृध्रोमंत्री दुर्ग-
let quite-ready-be made! Thus accomplished being that vulture minister from the
द्वाराच्च़क्रवाकेणो़पगम्य सत्कृत्या़नीय राजदर्शनं
fort’s-gate by the Chak., having gone up, having saluted, having condueted king’s-sight
कारितो दत्तासनेचो़पविष्टः। चक्रवाक उवाच। युष्मदायत्तं
caused to make on a proffered-seat and seated. The Chakravâka said: On you-dependant
सर्वं। स्वेच्छयो़पभुज्यतामि़दं राज्यं। राजहंसो ब्रूते। एवमे़व।
(is) all. At your-wish let be enjoyed this kingdom! The flamingo says: So just.
दूरदर्शी कथयति। एवमे़वै़तत्कि़ंत्वि़दानीं बहुप्रपंचवचनं निष्प्रयोजनं।
Dûradarśin says: So just (is) this, but at present much-illusion-speech useless.
यतः। लुब्धमर्थेन गृह्णीयात्स्त़ब्धम़ंजलिकर्मणा।
For, The covetous with money he should win, the stern with supplication,
मूर्खंछंदोऽनुवृत्तेन याथातथ्येन पंडितं॥१०४॥
a fool with wish-compliance, with truthfulness the wise. (104)
अन्यच्च़। सद्भावेन हरेन्मि़त्रं संभ्रमेण तु बांधवान्।
Another and, With good-character he should win a friend, with reverence however relations,
स्त्रीभृत्यौ दानमानाभ्यां दाक्षिण्येने़तराञ्ज़नान्॥१०५॥
a woman-and attendant with gift-and honour, with courtesy other persons. (105)
तदि़दानींसंधाय गम्यतां। महाप्रतापश्चि़त्रवर्णोराजा।
Therefore now having made peace let be gone! Of great-splendour Chitravarṇa the king.
चक्रवाको ब्रूते। यथा संधानं कार्यंतद़प्यु़च्यतां।
The Chakravâka says: Howpeace-conclusion to be made, that also let be told!
राजहंसो ब्रूते। कति प्रकाराः संधीनां संभवंति। गृध्रोब्रूते।
The flamingosays: Howmany sorts ofalliances are possible? The vulture says:
कथयामि। श्रूयतां।
I tell.Let be listened:
बलीयसा़भियुक्तस्तु़ नृपो ना़न्यप्रतिक्रियः।
By a stronger oneattacked however a king nothaving another-remedy
आपन्नः संधिम़न्विच्छेत्कु़र्वाणः कालयापनं॥१०६॥
distressedpeace should seek, causing delay of time. (106)
कपालउपहारश्च़ संतानः संगतस्त़था।
Kapâla, Upahâra and, Santâna, Saṅgata likewise,
उपन्यासः प्रतीकारः संयोगः पुरुषांतरः॥१०७॥
Upanyâsa, Pratîkâra, Saṁyoga, Purushântara.(107)
अदृष्टनर आदिष्ट आत्मादिष्ट उपग्रहः।
Adṛishṭanara, Âdishṭa, Âtmâdishṭa, Upagraha,
परिक्रयस्त़थो़च्छन्नस्त़था च परभूषणः॥१०८॥
Parikraya, likewise Uchchhanna, likewise and Parabhûshaṇa.(108)
स्कंधोपनेयः संधिश्च़ षोडशै़ते प्रकीर्तिताः।
the Skandhopaneya alliance and, sixteen these proclaimed;
इति षोडशकं प्राहुः संधिं संधिविचक्षणाः॥१०९॥
thus sixteenfold proclaim alliance the with alliances-conversant.(109)
कपालसंधिर्वि़ज्ञेयः केवलंसमसंधितः।
The Kapâla-alliance to be known simply as (made) through equal-alliance,
संप्रदानाद्भ़वति य उपहारः स उच्यते॥११०॥
through a gift is which, Upahâra that is called.(110)
संतानसंधिर्वि़ज्ञेयो दारिकादानपूर्वकः।
The Santâna-alliance to be known as by a daughter’s-gift-preceded;
सद्भिस्तु़ संगतः संधिर्मै़त्रीपूर्वउदाहृतः॥१११॥
with the good however Saṅgata the alliance, by friendship-preceded (is) named; (111)
यावदायुःप्रमाणस्तु़ समानार्थप्रयोजनः।
(it is) as long as-life-lasting surely at the same-objects-aiming
संपत्तौ वा विपत्तौ वा कारणैर्यो़न भिद्यते॥११२॥
in prosperity either in adversity or by causes which not is broken. (112)
संगतः संधिरे़वा़यं प्रकृष्टत्वात्सु़वर्णवत्।
The Saṅgata alliance only this from (its) superiority (is) gold-like;
तथा़न्यैः संधिकुशलैः कांचनः स उदाहृतः॥११३॥
thus by others in alliances-skilled Kâñchana (golden) that (is) named.(113)
आत्मकार्यस्य सिद्धिं तु समुद्दिश्य क्रियेत यः।
One’s own-object’s accomplishment however pointing out is made which,
स उपन्यासकुशलैरु़पन्यास उदाहृतः॥११४॥
that by the with the Upanyâsa-conversant Upanyâsa (is) named. (114)
मया़स्यो़पकृतं पूर्वंममा़प्ये़षकरिष्यति।
‘By me to him service rendered before, to me also he will render (it)’
इति यः क्रियते संधिः प्रतीकारः स उच्यते॥११५॥
thus which is madealliance, Pratikâra that is called. (115)
उपकारं करोम्य़स्य ममा़प्ये़ष करिष्यति।
A service I render to him, to me also he will render (it),
अयं चा़पि प्रतीकारोरामसुग्रीवयोरि़व॥११६॥
this and also (is) Pratîkâra, of Râma-and Sûgrîva as. (116)
एकार्थांसम्यगु़द्दिश्य क्रियां यत्रहि गच्छति।
Of one-aim properly pointing out an action where namely one goes,
सुसंहितप्रमाणस्तु़ स च संयोग उच्यते॥११७॥
of well-united-authority surelythat and Saṁyoga is called. (117)
आवयोर्यो़धमुख्यैस्तु़ मदर्थः साध्यतामि़ति।
‘Ofus two by the warrior-chiefs truly my-object let be accomplished’ thus
यस्मिन्प़णस्तु़क्रियते स संधिः पुरुषांतरः॥११८॥
in which a payment surely is made that alliance (is) Purushântara. (118)
त्वयै़केन मदीयो ऽर्थः संप्रसाध्यस़्त्व़सावि़ति।
‘By thee alone my affair to be accomplished surely this’ thus
यत्र शत्रुः पणं कुर्यात्सो़ ऽदृष्टपुरुषः स्मृतः॥११९॥
where an enemy payment must make, that (is) Adṛishṭapurusha recorded. (119)
यत्रभूम्येकदेशेन पणेन रिपुरू़र्जितः।
Where with a land’s-part as fine an enemy powerful
संधीयते संधिविद्भिःस चा़दिष्ट उदाहृतः॥१२०॥
is made peace with, by alliance-knowers that and Âdishṭa (is) recorded. (120)
स्वसैन्येन तु संधानमा़त्मादिष्ट उदाहृतः।
through one’s own-army however peace-conclusionÂtmâdishṭa (is) named;
क्रियते प्राणरक्षार्थंसर्वदानादु़पग्रहः॥१२१॥
it is made for life-protection’s-sake through total-surrender Upagraha. (121)
कोषांशेना़र्धकोषेण सर्वकोषेण वा पुनः।
with a treasure’s-part, with half-the treasure, with the whole-treasure or again
शिष्टस्य प्रतिरक्षार्थंपरिक्रय उदाहृतः॥१२२॥
of the remainder for preservation’s-sake Parikraya (is) named. (122)
भुवां सारवतीनां तु दानादु़च्छन्न उच्यते।
Of lands excellent however through the surrender Uchchhanna it is called;
भूम्युत्थफलदानेन सर्वेण परभूषणः॥१२३॥
through the on the ground-growing-fruits’-surrender entire Parabhûshaṇa. (123)
परिच्छिन्नं फलं यत्रप्रतिस्कंधेन दीयते।
Measured fruit where on every-shoulder is offered,
स्कंधोपनेयं तं प्राहुः संधिं संधिविचक्षणाः॥१२४॥
Skandhopaneya that proclaim alliance the with alliances-conversant. (124)
परस्परोपकारस्तु़ मैत्री संबंधकस्त़था।
Mutual-assistance surely, friendship, relationship likewise,
उपहारश्च़ विज्ञेयाश्च़त्वारश़्चै़व संधयः॥१२५॥
the with presents concluded and to be known as four also onlyalliances. (125)
एक एवो़पहारस्तु़संधिरे़व मतो मम।
The one only with presents concluded however alliance truly (is) approved by me,
उपहारविभेदास्तु़ सर्वे मैत्रविवर्जिताः॥१२६॥
from the with presents concluded-differing however all (are) of friendship-destitute. (126)
अभियोक्ता बलीयस्त्वाद़लब्ध्वान निवर्तते।
An assailant because of his greater strength not-having gained not returns,
उपहारादृ़ते तस्मात्स़ंधिऱन्यो न विद्यते॥१२७॥
present without therefore alliance other not is known. (127)
राजा़ह। भवंतो महांतः पंडिताश्च़। तद़त्रा़स्माकं यथाकार्यमु़-
The king says: You (are) great wise and. Therefore here to us as-to be acted
पदिश्यतां। मंत्री ब्रूते।
let be taught! The minister says:
आः किमे़वमु़च्यते। आधिव्याधिपरीतापाद्द्य़श्वोवा विनाशिने।
Ah, why thus is spoken? Through sorrow-and disease-pain to-day to-morrow or perishing
को हि नाम शरीराय धर्मापेतं समाचरेत्॥१२८॥
Who truly namely for the body a from justice-departing (act) would commit? (128)
जलांतश्चंद्रचपलंजीवितं खलुदेहिनां।
As in water-the moon-trembling (is) the life surely of corporeal (beings),
तथाविधमि़ति ज्ञात्वा शश्वत्क़ल्याणमा़चरेत्॥१२९॥
of such a state thus (it) knowing always virtue one should practice.(129)
मृगतृष्णासमं वीक्ष्यसंसारं क्षणभंगुरं।
‘Deer-thirst’-like having perceived the world in a moment-perishing
सज्जनैःसंगतं कुर्याद्ध़र्माय च सुखाय च॥१३०॥
with good-men Saṅgata one should make for virtue and for happiness and. (130)
तन्म़म संमतेऩ तदे़व क्रियतां। यतः।
Then of me according to the opinion this verily let be done! For,
अश्वमेधसहस्राणि सत्यं च तुलया कृतं।
Aśvamedha-thousands truth and on a balance placed—
अश्वमेधसहस्राद्ध़िसत्यमे़वा़तिरिच्यते॥१३१॥
over an Aśvamedha-thousandsurely truth alone preponderates. (131)
अतः सत्याभिधानदिव्यपुरःसरो ऽप्य़नयोर्भू़पालयोः कांच-
Therefore by the Truth-named-oath-preceded also of thesetwo princes the Golden-
नाभिधानसंधिर्व़िधीयतां। सर्वज्ञो ब्रूते। एवम़स्तु। ततो राजहंसेन
named-alliance let be concluded! Sarvajña says: So be it! Then by the flamingo
राज्ञा वस्त्रालंकारोपहारैःस मंत्री दूरदर्शी पूजितः
king with dresses-ornaments-presents that minister Dûradarśin honoured
प्रहृष्टमनाश्च़क्रवाकं गृहीत्वा राज्ञो मयूरस्य संनिधानं
with delighted-mind the Chakravâka having taken of the king peacock to the proximity
गतः। तत्रचित्रवर्णेन राज्ञा सर्वज्ञो गृध्रवचनाद्ब़हुमान-
gone. There by Chitravarṇa the king Sarvajña upon the vulture’s-word by honours-
दानपुरःसरं संभाषितस्त़थाविधं संधिं स्वीकृत्य राजहंससमीपं
and gifts-preceded addressed such an alliance having accepted the flamingo-near
प्रस्थापितः। दूरदर्शी ब्रूते। देव सिद्धं नः समीहितं। इदानीं
despatched. Dûradarśin says: Sire, accomplished our desire.Now
स्वस्थानमे़व विंध्याचलं व्यावृत्य प्रतिगम्यतां। अथ सर्वे
to our-place verily theVindhya-mountain returning let be gone! Then all
स्वस्थानं प्राप्य मनोऽभिलषितंफलं प्राप्नुवन्ऩिति।
their-place having reached the mind-desired fruit obtained, thus.
विष्णुशर्मणो़क्तं। अपरं किं कथयामि। कथ्यतां। राजपुत्रा
By Vishṇuśarman said: Further what shall I tell? Let it be told!The king’s-sons
ऊचुः। तव प्रसादाद़्राज्यव्यवहारांगं ज्ञातं ततः
said: Through thykindness of kingdom’s-administration-the subject learnt, thereby
सुखिनो भूता वयं। विष्णुशर्मो़वाच। यद्य़प्य़ेवंतथा़प्य़-
happy (have) become we. Vishṇuśarman said: If also so, thus even
परम़पी़दम़स्तु।
further also this be:
संधिः सर्वमहीभुजां विजयिनाम़स्तु प्रमोदःसदा
Peace of all-sovereigns victorious be the delight always!
संतः संतु निरापदः सुकृतिनां कीर्तिश्च़िरं वर्धतां।
The good may be free from misfortune! Of the well-acting the fame long may increase!
नीतिर्व़ारविलासिनी़व सततं वक्षःस्थले संस्थिता
Policy alovely woman like constantly at the bosom resting
वक्त्रंचुंबतु मंत्रिणाम़हरहर्भूयान्म़हाऩुत्सवः॥१३२॥
the mouth may kiss of ministers! Day by day may be great rejoicing! (132)
॥ इति हितोपदेशे संधिर्ऩाम चतुर्थकथासंग्रहः समाप्तः॥
Thus in the Hitopadeśa Reconciliation by name the fourth-story-collection finished.
]
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“One of the great royal families of India derived its origin from the moon.” ↩︎
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“A little collyrium is used every day to darken the eyelashes.” ↩︎
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“Châmara, a fly-flap commonly made of the tail of the bos grunniens, and conferred as an emblem of royal favour.” ↩︎
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“The white canopy, an emblem of royalty.” ↩︎
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“Member of a mixed caste, chiefly employed as writers.” ↩︎
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“Old coins, coins of small value.” ↩︎
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“Lac, one hundred thousand.” ↩︎
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“Siśupâla, king of the Chedis, was slain by Keśava i. e. Vishṇu.” ↩︎
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“Vaiśravaṇa, the god of riches.” ↩︎
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“Śakuni, lit, bird, the minister of Duryodhana, who deceived the Pâṇḍava princes.” ↩︎
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“Śakatâra or Śakaṭâla, the minister of king Nanda, who conspired with Châṇakya against his sovereign.” ↩︎
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“Literally, Royal goose, a white goose with red legs and bill, supposed to be a kind of flamingo.” ↩︎
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“The mirror being small it can only, as recipient, reflect the elephant as a small object. To the small everything is small.” ↩︎
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“* Śasâṅka, i. e. hare mark, a name of the moon, the spots in the moon, or tho man in the moon, being likened by the Hindus to a hare.” ↩︎
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“This means at the same time, ‘of the highest caste.” ↩︎
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“Removal of all suspicious characters.” ↩︎
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“Name of a deity.” ↩︎
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“The name of a dangerous disease supposed to be caused by a derangement in the three humors collectively.” ↩︎