Intellectual achievement
- mAya F16.
Demographic fall
Spanish America
Amerindians were still more than half of the population of Spanish America at the time of Napoleon. Far less than that now. Differences in birth rates & lifespans matter a lot.
Spanish America had 14 million people in Napoleon’s time - 3.2 million criollos (whites, many with Amerindian ancestry), 2 million mixed (mulatos, mestizos, zambos, etc), 8 million Amerindians, & 1 million blacks. All were ruled by 30,000 peninsulares - Spaniards born in Spain.