CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE of some important works and authors.
referred to in vol. V.
N. B. Some dates, particularly of ancient works, are
more or less conjectural. 4000 B. C.-1000 B. C.- The period of the Vedic Saṁ
hitās, Brālımaṇas and Upaniṣads ; some hymns of the Rgveda, of the Atharvaveda and verses in the Taittirīya Samhitā and Brāhmanas may possibly go back to a period earlier than 4000 B. C. and some of the Upaniṣads (even from among those that are regarded by most scholars as the earliest ones) may be later than 1000 B. C.. Some scholars have criticized me for assigning the Vedic Samhitās to such an early date as 4000 B.C. Bloomfield, in
• Religion of the Ved:’(New York, 1908 ) was will ing (on p. 20 ) to regard 2000 B. C. for the begin nings of Vedic literary productions and to assign a much earlier date for institutions and religious concepts which the Veda derived and he denies that there is any better proof for any later date such as 1:00, 1200 or 1000 B. C. rather than for one of the earlier viz. 2000 B. C. Winternitz ( in
Some problems of Indian Literature’ which are his Calcutta Readership Lectures, p. 20 ) remarks
it is more probable that this unknowo time of the Vedic Literature was nearer 2500 B. C. or 2000 B. C. than to 1500 or 1200 B.C. Both Bloomfield and Winternitz frankly confess that they know nothing at all about the date of the early Vedic Literature. Some Western scholars are rather too cocksure or dogmatic than the facts warrant.
xii
They mostly rely on comparisons with other extant Indo-Aryan literatures and conjectures, which is
not proof. 800 B. C.-500 B. C-The Nirukta of Yāska, 800 B.C.–400 B.C.-The principal Srauta sūtras (such
as those of Aśvulāyana, Apastamba, Baudhāyana, Kātyāyana and Satyaṣadha ) and some of the Grbyasūtras ( such as those of Aśvalāyana and
Āpastamba ) and Vedānga Jyotiṣa. 500 B. C.-300 B. C.–The Dharmasūtras of Gautama,
Apastamba, Baudhayana and Vasiṣtha and the
Gșhyasūtras of Pāraskara and a few others. 500 B. C.-300 B. C.-Pāṇini. 500 B.C.-200 B.C.-The Bhagavad-gitā. 400 B. C.-200 B. C.-The Purvnimāṁsā-sūtra of Jai
mini. 300 B, C.-200 B.C. -The Vārtikas of Vararuci Katya
yana on Pāṇini’s Grammar. 300 B, C.-100 A, D.-The Arthasāstra of Kautilya
(rather nearer the former date than the latter ). 200 B. C.-100 A. D.–The Manusmṛti. 150 B. C.-100 A, D, -The Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali
(rather nearer the former date than tbe latter ). 100 B. C.-100 A. D.-Upavarṣa, author of a commen,
tary on Pūrvamīmāṁsā and Vedāntasūtra, 100 B. C.-300 A. D.-Patañjali, author of Yogasūtra. 100 A. D.-300 A. D.-Yājñavalkya-smrti and the Viṣṇu.
dharmasūtra. 100 A. D.-400 A. D.-Nāradasmrti. 200 A, D.-400 A. D.-Sabara, author of bhāṣya on P.
M.S. ( nearer the former date than the latter ). 250 A. D.-325 A. D. - Sāṅkhyakārikā of īśvarakļṣṇa. 300 4. D.-500 A. D.-Bșhaspatismṛtion Vyavahāra
Ohronological Table
and other topics ( not yet found); extracts on Vyavahāra are translated in S. B. E. Vol. 33 and extracts from Brhaspatismṛti on many topics were collected by Prof. Rangaswami Aiyangar and pub
lished in a volume in G. O.S. ‘300 A. D.-600 A. D.—some of the extant Purāṇas such
as Vāyu, Brahmāṇda, Viṣṇu, Matsya, Mārkandeya. 400 A. D.-500 A. D.—Māṭharavýtti on Sāṅkhyakārikā. 400 A. D.-500 A. D.—The Yogasūtrabhāṣya of Vyāsa. 476 A. D.-Aryabhaṭa, author of Aryabhatiyam, was
born. 500 A. D.-575 A. D.-Varāhamihira, author of Br̥hat
samhitā, Bșhajjātaka, Pañcasiddhāntikā and other
works. 550 A. D.-700 A. D.-Yuktidīpikā, com. on Sāṅkhya
kārikā. 600 A. D.-650 A. D.–Būṇa, author of the Kādambarī
and Harṣacarita. 650 A. D.-660 A. D.-Kāśikā of Vāmana and Jayā.
ditya, com, on Pāṇini’s grammar ( was composed ) 650 A, D.-700 A. D.-Kumārilabhatta, author of Śloka
vārtika, Tantravārtika, Tupṭībā. 600 A. D.-900 A. D.-Most of the metrical smrtis such
as those of Parāśara, Saṅkha and Devala and some of the Purāṇas like Viṣṇudharmottara, Agni,
Garađa. 680 A. D.-725 A. D.-Maṇdana (vide p. 1198 of vol.
V). 700 A. D.-750 A. D.-Gaudapāda, author of a commen
tary on Sūnkhyakārikā and paramaguru ( guru’s
guru ) of Saṅkarācārya. 700 A. D.-750 A. D-Umbeka; ride vol. V p. 1198 710 A. D.-770 A, D.-Sālikanātha (vide vol. V p. 1198 )
śiv
788 A. D.-820 A. D.-Saṅkarācārya, author of Bhāṣyas
on the Gītā, principal Upaniṣads and V. S. 780 A. D.-870 A. D.—Titrala, the encyclopedic comm
entator on Varūhamihira’s works. 790 A. D.-850 A. D.-Vi-varūpa, the conwentator of
Yājāavalkyasmrti, author of Vārtika on the Bhū ṣyas of Saṅkarācārya on Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣad and the Taittiriyopaniṣad and of the Naiṣkarmyasiddhi; the same as Sureśvara ( after he became a Sannyā
sin). 820 A. D.-900 A. D.-Tīcaspati, author of bhāṣya on
Yogasūtra, author of Nyayakaạikā, Tattvasamikṣā,
Bhāmati ( in all 7 works ). 825 A. D.-900 A. D.-Medhātithi, author of bbāṣya op
the Manusmrti. 900 A. D.-1100 A. D. - Pūrthusīrtlimiśra, author of
Sāstradīpikā, Tantraratna, Vyuyaratnākara. 1005 A. D.-1055 A. D.–Dhīresvara Bhoja, author of
numerous works such as the Rājamārtaṇda ( on
astrology ), Yuktikalpataru, Rūjimārtaṇda ( a com . mentary on Yogasūtra ). 1050 A. D.-1150 A. D.-Bhavanātha or Bhavadeva,
author of Yayavireka. 1080 A. D.-1100 A. D.–Vijñānesvara, author of Mitā
kṣarā, commentary on Yāj. 1100 A. D.-1130 A. D.-Lakṣınīdhara, author of a very
extensive digest on Dharmaśāstra called Kalpataru
or Kștyakalpataru. 1100 A. D.-1130 A.D.-Aparārka, a śilābārā king,
author of an extensive commentary on Yāj. 1100 A. D.-1150 A. D.-Jinuītavāhana, author of Dāya
bhāga, Kālaviveka and Vyarahāramātrkā. 1127 A. D.-1128 A D.—Mūnasollāsa or Abhilaṣitārtha
ciutamani of Someśvaradeva. 1..’ BibiChronological Table
1114 A. D.-1183 A. D.— Bhāskarācārya, author of Sid
dhāntasiromaṇi ( born in 1114 A. D.). 1150 A. D. - 1160 A. D.-Rājatarangiṇi of Kalhaṇa
(composed between these dates ). 1150 A, D.-1180 A.D.–Aniruddhabhatta, author of
· Hāralatā and Pitrdayitā and guru of Ballālasena,
king of Bengal. 1158 A, D.-1183 A D.-Ballālasena ( king of Bengal
who composed five works of which two are available and printed viz. Adbhutasāgara ( begun in 1168
A. D.) and the Dānasāgara composed in 1169 A. D. 1150 A. D.-1300 A. D.-Haradatta, commentator of
Dharmasūtras of Gautama and Apastamba and of
some Grhyasūtras. 1150 A. D.-1300 A, D.-Kullūka, commentator of Ma.
nusmrti. 1200 A. D.-1225 A. D.- Smsticandrikā of Devaṇṇa
bhatta. 1260 A. D.-1270 A. D.-Caturvargacintāmaṇi of Hemā
dri ( composed between these dates ). 1275 A. D.-1310 A. D.–Śrīdatta, author of Pitrbhakti,
Samayapradīpa and other works. 1300 A.D.-1370 A. D.-Caṇdeśvara, author of Grhas
tharatnākara, Kṛtyaratnākara, Vyavahāraratnākara
and other works. 1300 A. D.-1386 A. D.–Mādhavācārya, author of Jai
miniyanyāyamālāvistāra, Parāśaramādhaviya and
other works. 1300 A. D.-1386 A. D.-Sāyaṇa, author of bhāṣyas of
Vedic Sambitās and Brābmaṇas. 1360 A, D.-1390 A. D.-Madana pārijāta and Mahārṇa
vaprakāśa compiled under king Madanapāla and his
son. 1360 A. D.-1448 A. D.– These are the dates of the
xvi
llistory of Dharıśāstra
birth and death of Vidyāpati, author of Gangi vākyāvali and other works, patronized by several
kings of Mithilā. 1375 A, D.-1450 A. D.- Śūlapāṇi, author of Dipakalikā,
Tithiviveka, Ekādasīviveka and several works on
topics of Dharmaśāstra called Vivekas. 1425 A. D.-1450 A. D.-King Madanasimha, completed
a large digest called Madanaratna. 1375 A. D.-1500 A. D.–Digest composed by Pṛthvi
candra, son of Nāgamalla, called Dharmatattvasu
dbānidhi. 1400 A. D.-1450 A. D.—Nyāyasudhā of Someśvara, a
commentary on Tantrarārtika. 1425 A. D.-1460 A. D.–Rudradhara, author of Varsa.
krtya, Suddhiviveka and other works. 1425 A. D.-1490 A.D.-Vācaspati, author of Kr̥tya
cintāmaṇi and numerous works called Cintīmaṇi
and some works called Sirṇaya (e.g. Tithinirṇaya ). 1440 A. D.-1500 A. D.—Vardbawāna, author of Danda
viveka, Gangākrtyaviveka and other works. 1513 A, D.-1580 A. D.–Nārāyaṇabhatta, author of
Tristhalīsetu, Prayogaratna etc. 1520 A. D.-1575 A. D.-Raghunandana, author of many
works called Tattvas, such as Tithitattva, Ekādaśī
tattra etc. 1554 A. D.-1626 A. D.- Appayyadikṣita, author of
Vidhirasāyana and numerous works on different
śāstras and topics ( vide p. 1199 above ). 1560 A. D.-1620 A. D.-Śhaṅkarabhatta, son of Nārā
yaṇabhatta and author of Dvaitanirṇaya, Mimāṁ
sābālaprakāśa and other works. 1590 A. D.-1630 A. D.-Nandapaṇựita, author of Dvai
tanirṇaya, Vaijayanti ( commentary on Viṣṇudbar masūtra ).
Chronological Table
xvii
1600 A. D.-1665 A.D.-Khaṇdadeva, author of Bhātta
kaustubha and Bhāṭṭadipikā. 1610 A, D.-1640 A.D.-Time of literary activity of
Kamalākarabhatta, author of Nirṇayasindhu, Sūdra.
kamalākara and many other works. 1610 A. D.-1640 A. D.-Mitramiśra, author of a huge
digest called Viramitrodaga on tirtha, pājā, samaya
and many other topics of Dharmaśāstra, . 1615 A. D.-1645 A.D.–Time of literary activity of
Nilakanṭba, son of Śhaṅkara bhatta, and author of a digest on topics of Ācāra, Saṁskāra, Vyavahāra
etc. 1620 A. D.-1690 A. D.–Visvesvara, alias Gāgābhatta,
author of Bhūttacintāmaṇi and other works. 1645 A. D.-1675 A.D.-Probable period of the lite
rary activity of Anantadera, author of a large
digest called Smrtikuustubha. 1700 Å. D.-1740 A. D.-Smrtimuktāphala of Vaidya
nātha. 1670 A. D.-1750 A.D.– Nāgeśa or Nāgojibhatta, an
encyclopædic writer on Grammar, Poetics, Dharma
śāstra, Yoga and other Śāstras ( about 47 works ). 1790 A. D.-date of the composition of the Dharma
sindhu by Kāśinātha Upādhyāya. 1730 A.D.-1820 A. D.-Bālambhatta, author of a
commentary called Bālambhaṭṭi on the Mitākṣarā.