General Index

GENERAL INDEX IN. B.-II a topic occurs in the text as well as in a footnote on the same page, a relerence to the page alone is generally given ).

Abettor, who is, in case of a crimc 529. | Adjournment of a suit, when allowed Abhaya, a hymn 75.

296, 297. Abhilaṣitārtbacintamani, (sce under Adoption; age of boy to be taken in

Mānasollāsa ) 13.

679-680; an only son now allowed Abhimanyu, learnt Dhanurveda from by courts to be taken in 676; Bom

his father Arjuna 49.

bay High Court allows anyone to be Abhiras, usage that adultery not puni. taken in, except a daughter’s son,

shable among 261, 488.

sister’s son or mother’s sister’s son Abhiṣecaniya, principal rite in Rāja- 683 ; boy of same caste to be taken

sūya 73.

in 675; boy must be taken in, Abhyankar, Prof. K. V. 904.

before upanayana or marriage Abuse, defined 511; three kinds of 511. except in Bombay 681 ; boy to be Ācāra, import of, fluctuated from time taken in a, must be reflection of an

to time 875-876.

aurasa son 682; ceremonies of 687 Acararatda 869n.

689; confers same rights in adoptive Acāryas, views of, cited by Kautilya

family as those of an aurasa son 2, 201, 223, 2250, 232, 392.

689-690 ; daughter may be taken in Accountant, an officer in a court of a. acc. to some writers 675; daugh

justice 278.

Ler’s son or sister’s son may be taken

in a, on ground of custom 684 ; Accounts, how kept 199; year of, ended on full moon of Assdha and

eldest son may now be taken in 677; comprised 354 days in Kautilya’s

soundation of the doctrine of 666 ; day 144.

giving and taking of the boy is a Activism, pliilosophy of 169.

necessary requisite of 687; gotra of

natural family persists for certain Acyuta, commentator of Dāyabhāga

purposes even after 695-697; if 558n,

aurasa son born after a,, the adopted Adam Smith 186n.

son takes a lesser share 698; in the Idhivedanika, a class of stridhana 774.

dvyamusyāyana form 685-687; male Adhyagoi, a class of stridhana 774.

alone can be taken in 674.675; Adhyāvabasika, a kind of stridhana

mother alone can give away her son 774, 775.

in a. if father be dead 666; mother Adiparva 10, 220, 30, 37, 420, 43, 49,

cannot give away in a. if she has 59, 68, 78, 118, 134, 168, 177, 204,

remarried 667; objects of adoption 205, 214-15, 255, 353, 359n, 369a,

665-666; one who has no son, son’s 371n, 416, 609n, 640n, 642, 644, son or son’s son’s son can alone 645n, 6750, 6820, 845-847, 872,

take in 667; ooly a man’s widow 896n, 937, 966.

can take a boy in a, after his death Adipurāṇa 629, 9280, 939.

668; primary right to give in a. is Adityapurāṇa 6100, 871,885,927,928n, that of the father 666; principal

939, 949.

matters discussed under 665; results Adityas, as observers of sta 415;

of 689-699; severance from natural twelve, 368.

family not complete for all purposes

1016

[ Vol.

091-697; śūdras cannot take in a. 1 Aitareya Brāhmana, 20, 25, 41, 64-66 acc. to Rudradhara and Vacaspati 73, 104, 117, 125n, 135, 190, 229, 668; views about widow’s power 414, 416, 543n, 544, 563-566, 588, to take in 668-669; who can give a 600n, 636, 641, 657n, 680, 710n, son in 666-667; wbo may be taken in 845, 846, 877, 887, 933,

674-683; who may take in 667-674. Aiyangar, Prof. K. V. Rangaswami, Adoption of Children Act (in England) · 9n, 15, 120, 629n.

699n.

Aiyer, Mr. Velandi Gopal, 897n, Adultery 531-535; fine as punishment 900-01.

for, when the adulteress is of samo Aja, son of Raghu, 101, caste or of a lower caste 533; prāya- | Ajabindu, king of Sauvira 52. ścitta for, varied at different times Ajigarta 660. 946–47; punishment of cutting the Aksapatala, office of records and ears or dose of a woman when award- accounts 143. ed for, 533; punishment of death for a Aksauhini, subdivisions of 204-205; paramour wben awarded 533; punish. total number of troops in 204-205. ment of light fine for a. with a female Alberuni 166, 376n. ilscetic, 534; some sages prescribe Alchemy, as a means of filling royal humane treatment of women for treasury 189, 198. 533, 535, 615, 947; was only an Alexander the Great 24, 103, upapātaka except when a woman Aliyasantāna Law 560. had intercourse with a man of lowAllies, see under mitra; four kinds of caste, 615, 947.

216-217; may become enemies, if Agastya, story of, 53,

tbeir interests so require 222; neces. Agnicayana, a solemn Vedic rite, 180, sity of making 216; qualities of

friendly 217. Agnihotra, how far forbidden in Kali, Alluvion and diluvion, rules about 506,

Amarakosa, 7, 470, 66, 105n, 1210, Agnimitra, 103, 116.

124n, 1331, 1341, 138, 140n, 147n, Agnipurāṇa, 13, 17n, 219, 22, 45, 46,

159n, 190, 419n, 454, 486, 4910, 48, 499, 50-51, 59n, 60, 71, 770, 78,

527n, 754n, 778, 910n, 840, 107, 111, 118, 120, 127, 132,

Amātyas, see under ‘ininisters’; three 141, 160, 172, 179, 200, 208, 215,

kinds of 107. 217, 219, 224-227, 230, 231, 924.

Ambarisa, a king 53. Agnistoma, 469.

Ambassador, see under duta. Agnivarṇa, queen of, sat on the throne

Āmbhiyas, school of, on Arthasastra 2. after him 41.

Amhomuc mantras 75. Agriculture 51; great attention paid Amśumān, son of Asamanīja, 43.

to 162; superintendent of 147.

Anantadeva 13. Agriculturists, exempted from arrest

Anarchy, state of, in the dim past 244. in execution of decrees in modern

Ancestral property, see under “pro times, 384,

perty’; has a technical sense 576n ; Ahalyā and Indra 845-846.

rules about, when lost to the family Abiccbatra, 848n,

and recovered by a single member, Aihole Inscription 896.

580-81. Aila exacted excessive taxes and peris- Angiras, 394, 573, 868, 941,

hed, 52.

Anguttaranikāya 135. Aindri Sānti, in coronation 79-80, Animals, fines for causing injury to or Aitareya Aranyaka 227.

death to 516; owners of certain a.

II)

General Index

1017

• not liable to fine or ppoishment for 1 . injury caused by them to crops or

men, 501, 528. Animāndavya, 255n. Anjaria, Mr, 20. Anu, mlecchas sprang from, 937. Anūbandhyā cow, sacrifice of, forbidden

in Kali, 627-628, 941. Anusāsanaparva, 2, 6, 8, 26, 37, 49,

53n, 59-61, 168, 243, 2550, 359n, 416, 421,534, 576n, 578n, 598, 645n, 650, 6525, 703n, 708. 776n, 794,

845, 857, 875, 913, 914. Apuvada, 7050, 712. Anvādheya, a class of stridhana, 774. Aaviksiki, meaning of, 46–47, Aparādhas, are ten, of which the king

may take cogaisance without any

one’s complaint, 264. Aparājita, a hymn, 75. Aparajita, a Silāra king. 196n. Aparānta had very great rainfall, 147. Aparārka, 7, 109, 170, 38, 48, 96, 121n,

1249, 154, 156, 1591, 247A, 248n, 255a, 259, 260, 270n, 272, 273, 275, 2770, 278, 280, 286, 287-88, 293, 294n, 297, 2989, 300n, 301, 304, 305, 310, 312, 313n, 314-15, 317-18, 321 22, 323n, 326, 3270, 331, 3320, 333 34, 337, 340-41, 3440, 347n, 348n, 349–351, 352n, 358n. 362n, 364a, 366, 380, 3820, 383, 3870, 403, 4100, 419n, 4320, 4340, 436n, 437n, 438n, 439n, 4450, 4640, 465-66, 4670, 4680, 4730, 4790, 4830, 485a, 499n, 500n, 501, 5029, 506, 507a, 508n, 509n, 5110, 5140, 517, 5180, 5210, 5220, 523a, 526n, 5310, 538n, 539 40, 5540, 556n, 557, 560n, 5630, 572, 5730, 575a, 576a, 580, 582n, 5830, 5847, 5860, 587, 589A, 590n, 593a, 599, 6070, 609, 610n, 614, 6210, 6230, 624, 625n, 6310, 6340, 6350, 636, 6380, 644, 652n, 6530, 655, 656, 6590, 6640, 702a, 7030, 712, 716, 725, 731, 7340, 735, 7470, 751n. 7540, 7770, 781, 7840, 786, 7870, 7910; 794, 803a, 807n, 8178, 840,

187

862a, 8680, 8720, 873, 8820, 905n, 926,928-29, 932n, 939, 941-42,943n,

950, 953, 958n, 959, 9610, 965. Āpastamba, dharmasūtra of, 1, 3, 9,

19, 23, 40, 410, 44, 58, 60, 610, 104, 117, 119, 167, 190, 194, 209, 211, 245, 246, 250, 271, 342, 351, 355, 360, 362, 387, 397, 402, 405, 417, 428, 438, 451, 478, 482, 486, 499, 500, 513, 524, 527-29, 535, 541, 5438, 564, 566, 567, 603a, 608, 613, 615, 618, 622. 623, 628, 643, 655, 657a, 702, 710n, 712, 714, 7260, 733, 7540, 762, 771, 803, 825, 827, 8320, 837, 845, 856, 858. 865-66, 868, 871, 880, 889, 926, 930n, 940, 948,

953-54, 957, 938, 963, 965. Apastamba, gshyasutra of 674n, 754n,

856,879. Apastamba - dharmasutra specially

studied by Taittiriyas 853. Āpastamba-mantrapātha 641a, 828n. Āpastamba, srautasūtra of 28, 6270,

940, 952, 962. Āpastamba, versified smrti of 534. Apaviddha son, definition of 647. Appearance, of parties to sāits through

agents 288; persons excused from personal a. ia court 286-287; persons excused from personal a. are not

liable to asedha 291. , , , Apprentice, characteristics of 483, Apte, Prof. V.M, 245., Apurva, due to performance of sacri.

fices 839, Arājaka, meaning of 30-31, Aranyakanda (of Rāmāyana) 370,

62n, Araṭṭa, country of five rivers 889. Arhat 871. Aristotle, on end of State 237. Arjuna, of the Haihaya dynasty 53. Arjuna, (a Pāṇdava) digvijaya of 68:

imparted Dhanurveda to his son Abhimanyu 49; married Subhadra his maternal uncle’s daughter 846; upbraided Bhimasena for being egraged with Yudhithira 42. .

1018

[ Vol.

Arjunayaons, were conquered by emperor 69; constructed hospitals for

Samudragupta 89.

meo and animals 60; edicts of 383, Arma, superintendent of 145.

390, 406, 889; extent of the empire Army, see under ’troops’; consisted of

of 69; is said to have died destitute four arms 202; doctors and surgeons

of power 102; irrigation works of of 308; formations of, in battle 208;

63 ; promulgated three days’ respite eigbt elements of 206,208; organiza- for prisoners condemned to death tion of 203 ; regulations about the 406; sent his son Kunāla to Takgasilā camp of an 207; results of the to pacify popular disturbances 116, possession of a powerful 200 ; system subjects of the edicts of 100: was of passes as to a camp of 207-208;

tolerapt to all sects 881; very cruel troubles with a. caused by thirty- in his youth acc. to Yuan Cawang three matters 233; vast, kept by

406; was sent to Taksasilā to pacify Indian kings 203-204,

citizens 116. Arrian, a Greek writer on India 89,

Aśramavā sikaparva 8, 17, 37, 101, 168, 183, 901.

.171, 180, 181, 201, 215, 217, 846, Artha, meaning of 7; great emphasis

847, laid on, by Kauṭilya, 9.

Assam Labour and Migration Act 484, Arthāpatti, a mode of proof 847,

Assault, by men of lowest castes againt Arthasāstra, a synonym for Dandaniti 6;

respectable people to be punished is drstārthasmrti 7, 840; meaning of

with whipping then and there 514; - 6; relation of, ta dharmasastra 8;

causing injury to animals was includ. was treated as an upaveda 10, 843n ;

ed under 513 ; comprises touching. writers on, did not shrink from giv

threatening to strike and actually

striking 513; defined 513-514; three iag cruel or immoral advice 12-13. Arthasastra of Kautilya, see under

kinds of 513-514. Kautilya ; refers to several schools

Astakā śrāddha 828, 829, 940, of and authors on rajadharma 2; sets

Astras, science of 215. the highest value on dharma 9; Astrologers, advice of, taken before quoted on 2, 5n, 6–8, 10, 499, 58n, starting on an invasion 228; were 61, 95, 97, 105, 120, 121n, 207, 412,

to urge on soldiers in a battle saying 4340, 4770, 5038, 6170, 621n, 644,

planets favoured their side 212. 650n, 6510, 659n, 860n.

Astrology, views of Kautilya and Arthavada 712.

Yajñavalkya about reliance on 126. Aryabhata, theory of, as to yugas 890 ; Aśvaghosa, author of Buddhacarita 5.

was born. in 476 A, D. 895-896. Aśvalāyana, gļhyasutra of 118, 228, Aryāvarta, limits of 137.

6410, 689, 856, 879, 9450, 964. Asghava, commentator of Nāradasmrti. Aśvalāyana, srautasūtra of 6620, 680n.

288, 334a, 379n, 442n, 619.

685n, 952. Asamatja, eldest son of Sagara, was Aśvamedba, those joining in the bath

banished for his misdeeds 43.

of the king at end of, were purified Āfauca, period of impurity due to death, of all sins 57; removed all sins, 962. : 492

Āāvamedhikaparva 538, 112n, 135, 204, Ascetic, see under ‘yati.’

906, 909. Āgedha, four kinds of 291; was Afvapati, king of Kekaya 166.

restraint under king’s order 291. Atatāyin, defined 517-518; divergence Asoka, administrative system of 141: 1. of views about killing in self-defence

claimed to be a dharmavijayin 1. a brābmana a. 517; may be klūed in

General Index

1019

defence of person or property if not | Bahudantaka, said to be an abridgment a brāhmaṇa 9, 517.

of Brabma’s work 4. Atharva-Jyotiṣa 907n, 913,

Bahudantiputra 2. Atharvadiras, Upaniṣad 119n.

Bailments, care required in all kinds Atharvaveda 28, 29, 32, 580, 64, 75,

of 433, 92, 119, 125n, 132, 135, 150n, 163, Bala (strength), five kinds of 215 ; of 213, 228, 361, 414, 4150, 519, 541,

intellect is the best of all 215.

Balāditya, of Magadha, is said to have 544, 657n, 658, 660, 6850, 753n,

defeated Mibirakula, 924n. 754n, 770n, 828n, 886, 887, 933. Atitātra sacrifice, taking of sodasin

Balaka, a predecessor of Jimūtavāhana

637, 719, cup in 863.

Balakanda (of the Rāmāyana) 106, 107, Atoms, theory of 839.

164 675n, Atreyi, meaning of 527n.

Balambhatti, (a commentary) 43, 76, Atri, gave to Aurva lis only son in adop

553n, 569, 570n, 705n, 718, 726, tion 662-663.

734n, 747, 755n, 757,759, 762, 772n, Atri, smrti of 57, 59, 6420, 665, 668n,

773n, 774n, 7789, 781, 790n, 791n, 948-49, 956, 958-59,

793n, 814, 815. Auditor 199.

Bālarūpa, 7181, Aupajanghani 643.

Ballālasena, king of Bengal 126. Aurasa, defined as the son of the wife

Balutedars, are village servants in the of the same class as the husband’s

Deccan 156, 285. 6000, 647, 655–56.

Bāna 69, 85, 115, 182, 229, 362, Aurva, adopted Atri’s only son 662-663, Banavāsi, a province of 12000 villages Auśanagas, school of, on Arthasāstra 139.

2, 48, 106.

Bandhus, are, acc. to Mit., bhinna Auśanasa-smrti 872. 934.

gotra sapindas 754; as heirs 733– Austin 554.

762; enumeration of, in texts, is Avakraya, meaning of 494.

not exhaustive 755; female b, are Avantivarman, king of Kashmir 100, allowed to inherit in Bombay and

Madras Presidencies 762 ; rules of Avaruddha (stri), meaning of, discuss- preference among 759-762; sapinda

ed 811-815; difference between

relationship of b. extends according to bhujisya and a. 813,

P.C. only up to five degrees 757-759; Avesti, a sacrifice that was an isti in

several meanings of 753n; succeed Rājasūya 38; as an independent

after samānodakas 754 ; test of religi sacrifice may be performed by a

ous efficacy when applied to succes brāhmaṇa 38.

sion of bandbus 756; three classes

of 755; treatment of, under the Avid, formula recited in the Rājasūya

Dayabhāga 760.

Banerjee, Dr. Gooroodas, author of Ayodhyā, description of ancient 177.

“Marriage and stridhan’ 656n, 770, Ayodhyakanda 2in, 29, 30, 42, 47n,

772n, 798n, 50, 70, 78, 101, 105, 107, 111, 112,

Banishment, as punishment for officers 116, 127, 179, 206, Ayusya, a hymn 75.

and judges taking bribes 253, 404 :

as punishment for brāhmana offen Babylon, 389n.

ders 404; as punishment for perju. Bacon, Lord, confessed to taking red brābmana witnesses, for those

bribes 276,

guilty of embezzlement or of playing Bidha, examples of 855.

with false dice 404; as puoishment

1020

[ Vol.

923-25.

for witchcraft 406; as punishment , Best on ‘Evidence’ 3310, 338, 356n, for gambling in secret 540; often

359n. associated with branding 404. Bbaddiya, cousin of the Buddha was Barbadratba dynasty 899.

rājā of Kapilevastu at one time 90. Bārbaspatyas, school of, on Arthasāstra Bhadrabāhu, a great Jain sage connec

2148, 106.

ted with Candragupta by Jains 102. Bārhaspatyasūtra, 13, 48, 80, 172, 240, Bbadrasena, a king killed in his queen’s

6300, 869.

chamber 85. Barges, Mr, Harry E., on story of Bhagadatta, king of Prāgiyatiṇa 203,

punishment 255n, 3888,

937. Barnett, Dr. L. D. 146n.

Bhagavadgitā 8, 22, 57, 169, 211, 881. Barua, Dr. 94.

Bhagavatapurāṇa 24, 26, 60, 183, 627, Basak, Dr. R. G., author of History 872, 873, 892, 8960, 897n, 899,

of North-east India . 925n. Battle, ancient procedure for making Bhaisajya mantras 75.

a king ready for 228-229; distribu. Bbāmati, com. on Śhaṅkara’s Vedānta. tion of booty acquired in 212 ; per- sūtrabhāsya 781a. sons that were not to be attacked in Bhandarkar, Prof. D, R. 16, 20, 90, 209-210; rites to be performed by 92, 103, king before 212; victory in, doubt- Bhandarkar Oriental Research Insti

ful 225,

tute, Annals of 164, 245, 307, 316, Baudhāyanadharmasūtra, specially stu

904. died by Taittiriyas 853.

Bhandin, cousin of Harsa, proposed Baudhayana, Dharmasutra of 27, 36, the latter’s election as king 31.

154, 166, 175, 189, 194, 209, 250, Bhāradvāja, expounder of rajadharma .276, 343–44, 403-4, 417, 420, 443, 2, 3, 4, 11, 12, 83, 232; views of

517, 526, 5510, 567, 573, 598, 608. criticized by Kautilya 12. 613, 614, 617, 623-24, 6410, 6420, Bhāradvāja, grbyasūtra of 685n. 643-44, 655, 656n, 659, 660, 663,

Bharadvāja, or Bharadvāja, smrti of 668, 6900, 6989, 700, 702, 707, 712,

429-31, 441, 493, 496. 719, 736, 741, 746, 7470, 763, 771,

Bhārasivas, dynasty of 70, 76. 805, 832n. 856, 858, 866, 875, 878,

Bbarata, son of Duṣyanta, adopted ,933,938, 943,954, 957, 959,960,963.

Bharadvāja, a brāhmana 675. Baudhāyana, gļhyaseṣasūtra of 76,

Bhārata-itibāsa-samsodhaka -mandala 135, 6640, 688.

81, 817. Baudhāyada-gļbya-paribhāsā 642n.

Bhāratasāvitri, astronomical data in Baudhayana-pitrmedha-sūtra 104. 909, 915, 917, Baudhāyana, smrti of 755, 793, Bharatavarsa, aspirations to bring the Baudhayana, srautasūtra of 28, 610, wbole of, under one umbrella’ 137; Bāverujātaka, 934,

dimensions of 67 ; is the first of the Beal’s ‘Buddhist Records of the Wes- aine varsas of Jambudvipa 134, 935:

tern World’ 30, 40, 143a, 164, 204, is karmabhumi (land of action ) 376n, 9240,

134; kiag conquöring whole of, is Benefit of doubt 360.

styled samirāt 67; Purāṇas wax Beni Prasad, Dr. 16, 31, 49, 91, 94, cloqueat over 137; regard for, as a

117a.

unity from a religious point of view Berolzheimet on the World’s Legal 137.

Phllosophies’ 150, 245, 8510. Bhāruci 44, 3930, 451, 619,

General Index

102

Bhāsa 2110, Bbāskarācārya 1220. Bhaskaravarman, Nidhanpur plate of

898, Bhat, Mr. Bhaskar Vaman 378. Bhaṭārka, founder of Valabhi dynasty

202. Bhattacharya, Mr. Batuknath, 966. Bhattoji, author of a commentary on

Caturvimsatimata 926n, 928n; 930, 940, 944, 949-50, 957, 961. Bhavabhūti 243. Bhavanātha author of Nayaviveka 5500. Bbāvaprakasana 136. Bhaviṣyapurāṇa 7, 737n, 840, 844n,

872, 9050. Bheda (an upaya) 174, Bhide, Prof. H. B. 924n. Bhikkhus, some of whom were styled

dhammāpanikas 290. Bhima 79, 172, 203, 210, 232, 937. Bhisma, 79; advice of, to soldiers 58;

had a golden tāla tree as flagstaff .208; performed Aśvamedha, though

not married 845-46. Bhismaparva 58, 135, 203, 205, 208-9, ,211, 903, 905, 906, 908n, 909, 912, .915, 918-920, 922. Bhoja, author of Yuktikalpataru 13. Bhoja, see under Dāṇdakya 52. Bhojakas, held Veda unauthoritative

871. Bhojas, kings of Sātvatas in the south were so called after coronation 73 ; mentioned in Asoka’s Rock Edicts

872. Börgu 183, 282, 283. . Bhujisyā, meaning of 813-814. Bibbisaga 69 Biblo 36. Bibar and Orissa Research Society,

Journal of 265, 892. Blasphemy Act (in England ) 616a, Bluntschli 20, 237. Bombay Agriculturists Debtors Relief

Act 425. Bombay Gazetteer 102, 198, 225, 268,

366n. Bombay Pleaders’ Act 290.

Bombay Regulations 290, 575n. Borradaile 728-29. Boundary dispute 502-505; Give kinds

of, acc. to Nārada 502-503 ; king last resort in settling 505; proce dure for witnesses who were to define boundary in 503-504 ; several kinds of witnesses as to 504; single person was not ordinarily to under.

take to define boundary in 505. Brahma, is deemed to have appointed Maou king 34; is said to have composed a work on the four puruṣārthas 4, 33. Brahmacārin, heirs of 764-765 :

of every varṇa forbidden to drink madya 965; sexual intercourse for

bidden to 846; two classes of 764. Brahmacarya, for long periods, for.

bidden in Kali age 863–64. Brahmagupta 890, 896. Brāhmaṇa, can perform Aveṣti as an

independant sacrifice, though not in Rājasūya 38 ; could be sentenced to death, acc. to Kautilya and Kātyāyana, in certain cases 398-99; could wield arms in danger 517; empires and kingdoms 39; gifts made to a b. are inexhaustible treasure for the king 228 ; guilty of murder, theft of gold, forcible sei. zure of land was to have his eyes covered over with cloth throughout life 397; guilty of perjury banished 352; killing an atatayin b. not punishable by kiog 518; learned, was exempt from taxation 190; liable to pay under a decree was given easy instalments and not made to work 384 ; limited authority of king over 25; living in Brabmāvarta, Kuruksetra and a few other countries was to be looked up to by all as to actions and practices 137; may perform Vājapeya sacrifice for Svārājya 65 ; dot to stay in a city, but in a village abounding in water, fuel, kusa 154; not to stay in the kingdom of a sūdra 39; offender1022

(Vol.

not to receive corporal punishment, , Brhad-Vignu 721a. but may be banishd 396, 522, 526; Brhad-Yama 534, offender can be kept confined in Brhan-Manu 738, 752. a secret place 397, 3980; was for- Bṛhannāradiya-purāṇa (see under Nāra bidden from being a samity or sell- diyapurāṇa); 869, 928n. ing soma plaat 952; was forbidden

en Bphaspati, writer on Rājadharma 2-4, to engage sūdras as cooks in Kali

6, 167, 178, 208, 255n; derives the or eat at their houses 952-53, 958 :

word rājao 28; held tbat fighting was not to be a slave 484 ; wealth of

should be avowed as far as possible beirless b. was not to escbeat to the

173; is alleged to have abridged the king but was to be given to other

work of Brahmā 4; on land tax 191. brāhmanas 762.

Brhaspati, smrti of (on vyavabāra not Brāhmanabala, com, of Kāthakagṛbya

yet recovered) 121n, 156, 158, 206, 880.

244, 258-61, 272, 273, 275, 277-78, Brābmanas, alone entitled to drink

2810, 282, 284, 286, 291, 294, 297 soma 952; hating. opposing and

299, 303-4, 306, 308–310, 312-13, calumniating b, are indications of a

317, 318,322, 326,327,231-32, 334, man’s approaching fall 228; not

340-343, 3450, 346-348n, 352, 355, studying or expounding Veda or not

357-359,363,364,370, 375,380,385n, keeping sacred fres become equal to

387, 391, 3930, 396, 409-10, 417-20. $ūdras 344n; punishment of death

423-25, 428-29, 431–39, 442-45, for b. forbidden in Kali 942; separat

451-52, 456-58, 462-63, 465-469, ing from their fathers against the

471, 472, 474, 476-78, 480-81, 483, latter’s will were unfit to be invited

488–89, 491-4938, 494,496,498, 501, at a śrāddha 566-567.

503-08, 511n, 513-16, 520, 522, 525 Brahmanaspati in the Rgveda 415.

26, 529, 531-32, 537-38, 540, 554, Brahmāndapurāṇa 10, 892, 895n, 896n,

568, 572, 574-760, 580, 584, 586, 899-900.

587, 589, 590, 593n, 596, 598, 501, Brahmapurāṇa 67, 750, 82, 134, 135,

607, 609, 619, 621, 623-26, 632, 634, 228, 234, 6420, 857, 890, 892. $950,

637, 639, 642, 644, 646, 6510, 652 896n, 923-24, 955, 966.

53, 655, 702, 709, 714, 717, 720, 721, Brāhmaspbutasiddhanta 896 n.

733, 736, 748, 7520, 754n, 760,763, Brahmasūtrā, (see Vedāntasūtra), 725a. 766, 769, 7720, 790, 7990, 800, 809, Brahmayamala, a Tantra 215.

861, 867, 868, 882, 885, 926, 942, Brāhmi alphabet, origin of 306-307;

948. why so called 308.

Bṛbaspati, smrti of, holds Manu in Branding, as a punishment 403, 540 ; high esteem but rarely criticizes it

on the forehead with certain marks also 590n. in the case of certain offences, if Brhaspati, work of (in prose) 452n, offender did not perform prayascitta

602a. 397, 403 ; practised in Rome and Br̥hat-Parāsara 13, 98, 170, 173, 197,

Britain against offendors 397, 403, 209, 211, 391, 860, 869. Brew, Dr. J. M. 391.

Brbat-sambitā of Varāhamibira 82, Brhadaranyaka Upanisad 97, 135, 162. 85, 89, 122, 126, 136, 146n, 180, 230,

176, 6130, 6410, 643, 841, 937. 407, 897-98, 906n, 907, 916, 917, Bṛhad-devatā, a work 42, 3590, 609. 1 .9190, 922. Brhadratba, last Maurya king killed by | Bṛbati, com. of Prabhākara on Jai

his seaấpati 86.

mini 836A,

10 )

General Index

1023

Way

Bribe, defined 473 ; person taking b. 1 Cāgakya, 5, 7, 86, 120; killed one of

or the intermediary was foed but the Nandas 86.

not the man who offered it 473. Candesvara, author of Rājanitiratna. Bricks, baked, required in Agnicayana kara 13.

180,

Candragupta, a Gupta emperor 44, Brothers, are heirs after parents 725; Candragupta, a Maurya Emperor 192 ;

· of full blood preferred to those of abdicated in favour of his son, acc. balf 725.

to Jain tradition 102. Brother’s son’s son, position of, as Capital, (see nāgaraka, palace) 178ff;

heir 731-32.

administration of 149, 182; census Browo C. J. 1220.

of the inbabitants of 150; ditch Buddba, know 64 scripts 308;. Suddho- constructed round 181; gates of,

dana, father of, was rajā of the should face south 1; how and where Sākyas 90; wheel of dharma of 66.

to be built 181; loss of, more

serious than the loss of some Buddhacarita of Asvaghosa 5. Buddhist countries took their law of

territory 178; may be inside a fort or succession from the Manusmrti 560,

outside 181; officer called nagaraka

to look to affairs of 149; position of 640. Buddhist doctrines about monasteries,

palace and offices in 181 ; rendered abimsā, charity are not to be

gay by players and dancers 180; deemed to be authoritative 842-843.

storing of necessary commodities in

181 ; temples and shrines of certain Buddhist influence, on the Mitāksarā, examined 640-641; on the Dāya

deities in 181. : bbāga 559-560.

Caritra, meaning of 260-261, Buddhist philosophy, some tenets of,

Caritrabandhaka 435.

Carrier, liability of, for loss or may be useful in their own way 839-40.

deterioration of goods 479. Budhabbūsaṇa 13, 107, 1100, 117,

Carvaka 871. 163a, 184, 2030, 215, 4000.

Caste Disabilities Removal Act 547n,

667; abrogates the rule of ancient Būhler, Dr, 1950, 307, 486n, 6050,

Hindu law about patita 616.

· 733n.

Cattle, even princes went to enumarato Burden of proof, of an affirmative

and supervise 161; straying into proposition is on him who asserts

· it 304; rules about 304; sabhyas

fields 500-501; superintendent of

148-149, to consider the question of 304.

Catūrātra, a sacrifice 662n. Burma, indebted to Manusmrti for its

Cāturmāsyas, seasooal sacrifices 6760, laws of inheritance 640-641.

Caesar, Julius 24.

Caturvargacintamani, of Hemādri 929. Cakravarti, Dr, P. C. 213.

Caturvimsatimata 122n, 871. Cakravartin 24, 66; territory of 66-67.

Caula, usages about 883. Cakravartios, names of six 67; said to | Cauroddharanika, an officer 168, 464.

be seven in Harṣacarita 67.

Ceylon, sea voyage to, frequently men. Calamities; among divine c. floods are

tioned in literature 937. more devastating thaa fire 233; Cbalas, were fifty, for which the king divine and humaa 118, 120; natural, could punish without a private com. are six 163 ; removal of divine c.

plaint 266. how effected 228,

Champā, a work by Dr. R. C. Majum Cambodia 756. i

1. dar 641n.

1024

( Vol.

Champerty, not encouraged by ancient taking bribes 532; for rape 533;

Hindu Lawyers 288.

tools of trade or craft not to be Chandogya Upaninad 490, 92, 135, seized when c. ordered 404.

163, 167, 226, 362, 387, 613, 888. Conflict; in case of c. between two Chad-toon, on ‘Principles of Buddhist sruti texts, there is an option 863 :

Law’ 641.

· in case of c. between smrtis and Chariots, of great warriors were drawn authoritative digests or commenta.

by four horses and had two wheels ries courts have to follow latter 205.

599n, 7530; in case of c, between Charities called pirta 451,

smrti and sistācāra the latter is Chatterji, Dr. Bijan Raj 756, 934n.

weaker acc. to Pūrvammāmsā 629, Child, go gift nor sale of, allowed, acc.

874 ; in case of c. between laws or to Āp. 643.

usages governing the two parties, Chowries, symbols of royalty 82.

sāstra prevails 862, . Chullavagga 91, 246,

Conqueror, duties of 71; duty of, to Cina, country of 53.

place on the throne of the conquered Cities, ancient Indian 183; frequently country a brother, son or daughter mentioned in the Rgveda 179-180 ; of the late king 40, 231; three kinds gates of, were named after cities of 69; should sow dissensions among which faced them 180 ; of asuras chiefs and the people, corporations constructed with ayas, silver and and their leaders 174; to respect the gold 180.

customs of the conquered country Civil Procedure Code (of India) 301 a, 71, 231, 859, 860.

3038, 306, 345n, 380n, 384, 4040.

Contracts, ( see under transactions’): Clergy, benefit of 398n.

analysis of the conception of c, ia Clothes, declared impartible by Manu

general by Sanskrit writers 411; made 589–90.

by incompetent persons are invalid Codification of Hindu Law, objections 412; not to be entered into with

to, considered 820-823.

soldiers and king’s servants 207; Coins, examiner of 144; fines in re- persons incompetent to enter into,

lation to 253; weights of Indian, such as minors, dependents etc. 412. varied at different times and in diffe- Contract Act (Indian) 3120, 412n, rent countries 1210.

427n, 4330, 457n, 4580, 460n, 481n, Colebrooke 4470, 5750, 688,878. Coparcenary: characteristics of c. Comet, appearance of, portends im- property acc. to Dāyabhāga 561

pending calamity 916-17,

562; characteristics of c. property Commander-in-chief 127; must be a acc. to Mitāksarā 591-92; interest

ksatriya or a brāhmana 127; quali- of members in c. property is fluctua

fications of 127.

ting 561; is smaller than a joint Commentators generally embody pre- family under the Mitākṣarā 591 ; not

existing customs of their countries existing between father and son under .7290.

the Dāyabhāga 594 ; ownership of C Commerce, duties of superiotendent property is joint and in whole body

of 145.

of co-owners 561; starts on the Compact series of heirs 731.

birth of a son under the Mit., while Concubine, right of, to maintenance starts on father’s death under

763, 811-815.

Dāyabbāga 562, 594. .. Confiscation, of all property as pubisb- Copperplate, grants on, were sometimes

ment 404 ; for perjury and for judges’ forged 314-315 ; Sohagpur inscrip

III 1

• General Index

1025

’tion on, is earliest on c, yet dis- justice was highest 280; some

covered 307.

merchants were associated with c. Corarajjuka, an officer 168.

in the task of deciding cases 275 ; Coronation, materials for 73, 76;

time for holding c. 277 ; was to call mantras to be recited at 73, 74; of a

in the aid of outsiders in deciding king acc to different works 72-82;

certain cases 284; was constituted of Indra described in Aitareya

by the prādvivāka and the sabhyas Brāhmana 73; of crown prince, com- 1

274. mander in chief etc 79 ; of Sambhaji Courts, civil and criminal matters tried 81 ; of Shivaji 81; part of principal

in ancient India by same c. 259 ; virtuous ladies in 81 ; Puranic rites

classes of State c. 281; could be of 79; to be performed one year attended by learned men, who though after the death of the previous king not appointed as judges could state 77-80,

their opinions 274; dharmasthiya Corporations, administration and work and kanṭakasodhana c. 252; four

of, 157; as tribunals 280-281 ; of kinds of 277; grades of 280-281; purohitas at temples and sacred holidays for 277; inferior c, recogni places 488; were powerful and had

zed in the smrtis, 280; law and a measure of self-government 97. equity administered by same 259; Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, vol, I

judges of, to give unanimous deci (on Asokan inscriptions) 60, 69, 94,

sion 274 ; matters within the purview 100, 112n, 139, 190, 246, 390, 406,

of kanṭakasodbana c. 252; opinion 890.

of majority of judges of c. to pre Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, vol.

vail 275; people present (except III (vide also under ‘Gupta Inscrip

learned brāhmaṇas) were not to tions) 213.

interfere by speech in work of, 274 ; Council of ministers, consultation with,

punishment for clerks of c, for to be in secret 108; king or chief

wrongly taking down depositions 276; minister presided over 91 ; mention

should be established for groups of ed io Asoka’s edicts 107.

10, 400,800 villages 273 ; to consider Countries, long lists of, in the

burden of proof after defendant’s Mahābhārata 135; names of c, are reply 304, same as those of people residing in

Court fees, fines taken from defeated them 134;, mentioned in the Ṛgveda

litigants in civil disputes virtually and the Atharvaveda 135; m, in the

were 294-295, 382; whether payable Brahmanas 135; m. by Panini 135n;

in ancient and medieval India .m. by. Mahābbāṣya 1350 ; m, in the

294-95, Kāvyamimāmsā 136.

Cow; called Anubandhyā was sacri Country, land of Kuruksetra, Matsyas,

ficed at end of Agnistoma in ancient Sūrasenas is chosen as one’s 134;

days 627, 865; occasions on which c, qualities of the soil of a good 133; was sacrificed in ancient India 939-40; same c. has sometimes two names

sacrifice of, condemned in Kali age 135; Sanskrit words for 138; wealth 627, 865, of, consits in food crops and abun- Cows, owners of, not to be fined for dance of cattle 161.

loss caused by c. at times of festivals Court.’ house was to be decorated and sraddba$ 501.

with flowers, paintings 277; king as Creditor, (see “debts’ and ‘recovery original as well as appellate c, 268, of debts’); a brāhmana c. bad pri 270; presided over by king or chief ority over one of another caste 441;

129

1026

(Vol.

duty of, to pass a receipt for part of 1 881; strength of, ‘in conflict with debt paid 442; if creditor refused to smrti 849-850; requisites of, accor pass & receipt on request, he lost ding to Pūrvamimārsā writers 853 balance of debt 442; should tear 854, 876; C., acc. to smrtis and com off bond when whole debt paid or mentaries, that were opposed to Veda should pass a document of release or were immoral or harmful to others 442.

were not to be enforced 859. Criminal Procedure Code (Indian)

Dagger marriages 972. 398n, 402a.

Daftari, Dr. K. L. 903-4, 906, 912. Crime, ancient law of, was drastic 390;

Daiva, relation between human effort child under five was not deemed to

and 168-169; success depends on be guilty of crime 395; definition of

both, effort and d. 169. 386; fines came to be ordinary

Daksa, smrti of 403, 4710, 846, 872. punishment for many a c. 390 ; five

941, 960, 963, titles out of 18 are connected with 511; law relating to, not found in

Dakṣiṇāpatha, is a fourth of Bharata one place in ancient works 412; list

varsa 136. of capital crimos was much smaller Damblodbhava 52, 202. in ancient India than in the mediae- Damdupat, rule of, 422-424 ; rule of. tai West 390; was also a sin in acted upon in modern India 425. many cases and entailed religious Dāna (an upāya) described 174. sanctions 387.

Danakhaqda (of Hemādri) 154, Criminals, comparatively humane treat- Dancing girl, refered to in the Rgveda

ment of 388n,

534. Criminology, divergent views on 393. | Danda (a king) 53n. Crops 162; harm to, by animals stray. Danda (an upaya) 175; 238; absence

ing into 501; two, grown in the of, leads to chaos and anarchy 238; year ordinarily 500; various ways of if foolishly wielded recoils on the raising 163.

kiag’s head 26; if properly handled Cadā (toosure), ceremony of 679n. advances three puruṣārthas 26; im Cunningham, General 121n, 1220. portance of 21-22, 51; raised to the

position of a divinity 22. Customs (see under ‘usages’); and Dharmasastra works 856ff; burden

Dandakya Bhoja, a king who perished of proof of, 970; cannot be ex

through lust 32, 53n, 55. tended on grounds of analogy

Dandaniti, a work of Keśava 13, 264, 876-877; difference between usages

265n, 403, and c. 826; differing c. of the

Dandaniti 5; four objects of 6; identi North and South 858; enforceabi

fied with Arthasāstra 843n; identified lity of 859; essentials of valid c.

with rājadharma by Santiparva 5;

· 970-71; instances of local 862;

meaning of 5; said to be the support meaning of c, of country or family

of the world 6; said to have been 862, 863 ; must have characteristics produced by Sarasvati 6; was special of antiquity, uniformity and notoriety

concern of ksatriyas 5. 826n; of countries, castes and fami- Dandapāruṣya (assault) 513ff. lies are binding if not opposed to Dandaviveka, a work 124n, 176, 191. Veda 857; once in vogue may be | 2430, 3910, 392, 3930, 394-5, 400, abandoned by people 876 ; of several countries difered 878; of castes, | Dandi Mabādevi, a queen 40.

403,

III

General Inder

1027

Dasakumāracarita, 7, 45, 48, 55, 144, 1 preferred to married d, as an heir

171, 203, 222, 276, 277, 390, 400, 715. 4400, 541, 936, 937.

Daughter-in-law , not an beir in the Dasāparādhika, an officer 264.

whole of India except in Bombay 717. Dasaratha, desired to make Rāma

Daughter’s son, as heir 719-720. Crowo Prince with people’s approval

Davids, Mr. Rhys, 29, 42; had eight ministers 106.

author of

‘Buddbist India’ 90, 91, 123, 135, Dāsi, who is 6020, 707.

156, 159, 183, 307, 484, Dāsiputra 600-603.

Day, was divided into eight parts, in Date, Mr. G. T, 213,

the 2nd of which justice was adminis Dattaka son 662-699 ; definition of

tered by king 242. 647; even Rgveda is against having d. s. 662; instances of, in Vedic

Daya, meaning of 543-44; two varieties Literature 662-663; of a widow

of 546, held entitled by P. C. to open up a Dāyabhāga, a work, 475, 5190, 545, partition made several years before 546n, 5470, 5500, 553n, 554n, 556 671 ; placed very low in the list of 58, 560-61, 563, 5670, 569, 572n, secondary sons by several smrti 573, 578, 5791), 580, 5810, 582, 583n, writers 650; smrti texts and digests. 584, 585n, 5860, 587, 589, 592, 5930, on 664; sūtras except that of 594, 595n, 598, 601, 6020, 606, 607n, Vasistha and smrtis contain very 6100, 617n, 618n, 6190, 620, 623n, little about 663,

6250, 634-37, 639, 6490, 6500, 6510, Dattakacandrikā 644, 648n, 664-65,

698, 700n, 702, 703n, 7050, 7060, 6678, 669, 675, 679-80, 682, 683n,

707n, 708, 7100, 712, 715-7189, 719, 685n, 686. 691, 696.-980, 699;

720n, 721, 725, 726, 732, 734, 736 branded as a forgery by certain

38, 740n, 741-43, 745-47, 749, 753, writers 664; regarded by Privy i

760, 762, 764, 766, 768, 7710, 772, Council as of highest authority on

7720, 773, 774n, 775, 7770, 778, adoption 664-665.

781, 784n, 785, 7870, 790n, 7910,

7920, 793, 798, 799, 8099, Dattakamimāṁsā 644, 646n, 648n,

654, 655n, 6630, 664, 6660, 667-68, Dāyabbāga (see under ‘doctrine of 675, 676n, 678n, 679-80, 682-84, spiritual benefit’, sapinda’); differ 686, 6870, 688, 691, 696-98n, 926; ence between the Mitāksarā and regarded as of highest authority on D. 558-559 ; holds that ownership adoption 664-665.

arises on the death of the previous Dattānapākarma or Dattāpradinika

owner 547; obliterates distinction 471-475 (see under ‘gift’).

between gotrajas aad bandhus made

by Yājāavalkya 742-43 ; origin of Dattasiddbāntamañjari of Balakrsna

peculiar doctrines of 559-560 ; out 6490, 667.

standing works under D, School 544; Daughter, as heir, 712-719; illegitimate

school named after D. is predominant d. does not inherit even to a sūdra

in Bengal 544; school, not affected father 717; indigent married d.

by the Hindu Law of Inheritance preferred to well-to-do married d.

Amendment Act 749, 715; takes a limited estate like a widow except in Bombay Presidency

Dāyabhāga (partition of wealtb) 543ff; 716-717; uochastity no bar to

partition and inheritance are main succession of daughters (except under

topics under 544, Dāyabhāga) 717-718; unmarried d. ! Dāyakramasangraba 544, 798…!

1028

History of Dharmatasira

( Vol.

Dayatattva 544, 546n, 5530, 556, 558. d. owed to gods, pitṛs and sages

561, 5670, 5689, 572n, 5750, 5810, 414-416; idea of liability to pay off 5920, 609n, 610n, 6200, 6340, 637n, one’s d, was developed even in very 7000, 7010, 733, 7389, 739, 745n, ancient times 414 ; incurred for the 747n, 760, 777, 7790, 781..

purposes of the family by anyone Deatb; all persons except brāhmanas

such as a son, brother, wife, slave could be condemned to sentence of, were payable by the head of the for certain grave offences 400; argu

family 451 ; modern law about liabi. ments against sentence of 399; as

lity of sons, grandsons and great expiation for grave sins forbidden to grandsons to pay d. 444-446; must brāhmaṇas in Kali age 942; day of

be paid by him who takes the wealth collection of bones after 951; gene

or widow of the deceased 443, 448, ral rule that one (except a brāh.

449, 453; no basis for distinction mana) who causes deatb by violence between secured and upsecured debts

should be sentenced to 526; in

of father in smrtis 449-450 000 fighting for the protection of cows

payment of, was believed to lead to and brāhmaṇas is specially commen

being born as a slave or a beast in ded 58; in protecting property of

the creditor’s house 416-417; order brāhmanas led to heaven 1; in vari

in which persons were liable to pay

ous modes as punishment 256, 400;

another’s d. 452-454 ; owed to the

Crown or learned brahmana have 00 punishment for accidental d. 58; ao sentence of d. for crimes due to

precedence over all other 441-442 :

negligence 526; punisbment of, not

propositions about soo’s liability to inflicted on women and brāhmaṇas

pay father’s 444-445 ; sale of de. in carly British rule 397; punish

btor’s property for recovery of 441 ; went of, for murdering a man, for

sanctity of monetary d. arose from abducting human beings. women

the obligatory nature of d, owed to or for theft of jewels or for rape,

gods, manes and sages 416; son’s sexual intercourse with a woman of

liability to pay father’s surety ship higher caste 256, 401, 522, 526, 532;

debts 447 son not liable to pay sentence of, to be avoided even in

illegal, immoral or avyāvahārika great offences 399-400, sentence of,

debts of father 446~448 ; son’s liabi. for ‘a woman guilty of poisoning,

lity to pay father’s d, during latter’s

lifetime 445-446, son’s pious duty incendiarism, attempt to kill her

to pay off father’s debts even if he husband, elders or child 401,

received no property 417, 442-443, Debts, (seo under ‘damdupat’, ‘reco

445 : time when d. must be returned very of debts’): distinction between

425. antecedent debts and other debts of father drawn by P. C. has ao basis

Deccan Agriculturists’ Relief Act; in the texts 450 ; father, husbaad

adopts the rule of damdupat for all and wife are not bound to pay res

agriculturists, whether Hindus or pectively son’s, wife’s or husband’s pot 425. personal d. 451 ; five classes of, Decision (see ‘jadge’, ’law-suit’); by acc. to Anusasanaparva 416; four d. caritra 260-261; by dharna illus. owed by all men, acc. to Adiparva trated 260; by oaths and ordeals 416; grandson’s and great-grandson’s when no witnesses available 358; liability to pay ancestor’s d. 443-444; by royal command 261; by vyava. grounds on which liability to pay hāra, explained 260 ; four modes of another’s d. arose 442; idea of three l arriving at 260-262; la nota pada

III)

General Index

1029

of a law-suit, acc. to some 379; differs from pledge or mortgage 455 ; parties were asked to leave court duty of person holding a d, 456; if when chief justice and sabhyas were d. not returned on demand, loss of considering the d. to be given 379; it falls on holder who is also liablo precedents employed in arriving at to be fined 457 ; must be returned 380; presumptions as means of 355- in same condition and to the deposi 356 ; should not be arrived at by tor himself and not to his co-owner merc reliance on sastra or texts but 456 ; person accepting a d, is estop should also be based on reason and ped from recognizing the title of any equity 259, 357; usages as means one except the depositor 457; return of 260-261 ; was based on eight

of, to whom to be made 456-57; sources 379; when unjust d. given, rules about, extended to other bail one quarter of the sin falls on each ments 458-459; smrtis extol the out of the litigant, witnesses, judge

undertaking to accept a deposit 455. aad king 276.

Desa, extent of a d. varied 138; gover Decree ( see ‘brāhmana’, ‘judgment);

nor of, was called rāstrapati or rās different ways of executing a 383 -

triya 138, 384 ; for satisfaction of a d., a poor Deshmukhi vatan 631. debtor (except a brāhmana) was Deshpande vatan 631. made to work for creditor 384 ; when Deuteronomy 389n, debtor was sent to jail in execution Devabhūti, a Sunga king, was killed of a 384.

by his minister 86. Defamation, truth of implication in, Devadāsis, that had stopped temple

did not afford protection 512.

service, were given work by superio Defendant; cannot raise a counter tendent of weaving 146.

claim in some cases 302 ; cases ip Devala, smrti of 553, 556, 610n, 614, which d, must make a reply at oncc 617, 620, 626, 6320, 644, 649, 650n, 296; characteristics of a good reply 6510, 702, 763, 777, 787, 791, 860, of d. 300; fines against d. for not 873, 943, 948-49, 951, 956, 960. being ready with his defence 296 ; Devapāla, com. on Kāthakagshya 880. not giving a reply even after time Devāpi, story of 41-42, 608-609. is allowed may be declared to be Devarāta 715. defeated 302; rules about adjourn. Devasvāmin 679, 715, 779. ment granted to 296; rules about Devipurāṇa 181, 234, 910n, 911, putting under restraint the d. 290- Dhammapada 185n. 291; rules about summoning a d. Dhammathats, Burmese Law books 286,287 ; was to reply in writing to 6410. the plaint 300.

Dhanurveda 49, 179, 215. Delay, in the disposal of law suits 296.

Dbanus, as measure of length 500n, Democracies, of Ov/drakoi, Malloi, Siboi and others referred to by Greek

Dharana, a silver coin 122.

writers 90.

Dhāreśvara, ao author on dbarmasastra Democracy, true, did not exist even in 549, 557, 7040, 705 715, 733; held

Greece or other countries of the

the view that ownership is known West, 15, 20, 93.

from sastra alone 549; held the view Dependents, what persons are 412.

that the allotment of a special share Deposit (see under fine’, interest”)

to the eldest son was given up by 454-458; care required as to a d. people 628,

• is same as that in a pledge 456; | Dharma, meaning of, in partition 572.

1030

(Vol.

Dharma, aids to the understanding of Dice, made of vibhidaka wood 541;

827; d. and truth are identical 97, playing with, in Rājasūya sacrifice 260; flourished in perfection in Kota 541. age and declined progressively in the Dickeos 60. succeediog yugas 244, 890-91; idea Diddā, a notorious Kasbmir queen 40. of, took the place of the conception Digests, grouped into classes by pro of rta 244 ; intances of the trans- vinces 878. gression of d, by ancient beroes and Digbanikāya 135, sages 845–849; is more powerful Digvijaya 69: description of 68; of than the mightiest 97 ; observance Harsa 229-230; of Raghu 230. of, was the great social and political, Dikshit, Mr, Sh, B, 896n, 902, 915. ideal in India 97; parisad, final

Dikshitar, Prof. V. R. 120, 213, 254n, authority in matters of 101 ; sources

407. of 825-827, 863; usages as source of

Diksita, a predecessor of Jimūtavābana 825-827, 863; was the supreme

715. power in the State and was above | Didāra, of gold, silver and copper 120, the king 241.

122n; value of 1220; was a Dharmadhikaranika orm.dbikaranin,

synonym of niṣka 1210; was also qualifications of 126.

called suvarṇa 1210. Dharmādbyakṣa, exercised the same !

Diodorus 103. functions as Purohita did in ancient

Dipakalikā 247n, 3440, 370, 3830, ladia 126.

5400, 553n, 5540, 575n, 580, 5970, Dharmadvaitanirṇaya 1220, 878, 944n

6140, 7640, 7740, 793, 8560, 8820, Dharmas, differ in differeat yugas 627 Dirghacārāyana 2.

628, 869; should not be practised, Dirghatamas, story of 361. even though sanctioned by sastra, if Discipline (vinaya) 51-52; based condemoed by people 628-629, 869.

upon danda 51; is of two kinds 51; Dharmasastra, and customs 856ff; illus. to be attempted by giving up six

trations of conflict between Artha. evil tendencies 52. sāstra and D. 9; in case of conflict District, officer over, was helped by a of D, with practices or secular board of advisers 141. matters, kiog to decide acc. to D. 9; Divodāsa, given as a son to relation of, to Artbasāstra 8-9, 868; Vadhryasva 415. was called smrti 10; writers on, had Divorce 537. a low estimate of human nature 238; Divya ( see under ‘ordeals’); definition writers on, insisted that Dharma of 363. was king of kings 170.

Divyatattva of Raghunandana 362-63, Dharmasiadhu, a work 615, 669. 675. 3670, 3700, 3780

679, 688–89, 692, 695-97, 739, 759, Divyāvadāna 102, 116. 877, 930, 940, 945, 947, 954.

Doctrine, of spiritual benefit, acc. to Dharmastha (judge) 273; should the Dāyabhāga 737-741; of spiritual

possess the qualifications and status beneft illustrated by diagrams 744 of an amātya 273.

745; propositigas as to d. of Dharmasūtras, authority of 853.

spiritual benefit 740-741; unjust to Dhrtarāșṭra 10; did not succeed to the the claims of women as heirs 746.

kingdom because of blindness 43, Document 308-316; can be supersed 609; performed sacrifices though ed only by another d. 312; classifi blind 846; recovered sight for a time cation of 309; conflict of documents through the favour of Vyāsa 847. of various grades 313; custody of, to

III)

General Index

1031

be explained 313 ; executed by to be distinguished from a spy 129 ; ordinary people need not be in to be sent after a line of policy is correct Sanskrit 309; fabricators of settled 128. d. deceive women, children and Dvadaśāha, sacrifice, gave seniority to ignorant people 314; genuineness of, Indra 41. how established 314; held invalid Dvaipāyana 53. when executed by certain persons Dvaitanirṇaya (same as Dharmadvaita 312; is an indubitable and superior n irnaya) 683, 878. means of proof 308, 312; latent Dvārakā 208, 214. defects of, must be pointed out Dvipas, seven 134 ; said to be thirteen by disputant when produced 315; and 18 also 134. loses validity in certain circumstan- Dvyamusyāyana, adoption of a boy ces 315 ; marked with royal seal,

as 685-687; kṣetraja son was so presumed to be genuine 314;

called by Mit, and some others 659 ; minimum number of witnesses re. succession to, by both mothers 723 quired on 312; oral evidence to con- 724, tradict a d, not allowed 312; require. , Dyūta (gambling ) defined 538. ments of a valid 311-312 ; sentence

Earnest, wbat becomes of, if sale goes of death for fabricating a private or

off through the fault of the vendor public d, 315; secondary evidence

or purchaser 491. of the contents of, when allowed 313;

Easements, as to doors, windows &c. 507 when even a voidable d, ceased to be

Easemeats Act, Indian 5070. SO 315.

Edgerton, Prof. 7, Dramma 122n,

Education, expense on 164-165. Draupadi, strange explanation of the story of D. being the wife of five

Egypt, usury condemned in ancient

4250. brothers 847. Dravida, works of authority id D. school

Ekavrsa, a hymn 76, of Hindu law 545,

Ekoddista, a srāddha 737. Dreams, portending good or evil 226. Eldest, rights of e, son or daughter Drinking, is worse than sexual vice in jealously guarded in Vedic age 41 ;

the case of a king 233.

son sometimes got all wealth of his Drona, commander of tbe Kauravas father 41 ; son was passed over if

79, 204,

he suffered from mental or physical Drona (a measure of corn) differed for defect 43 ; to pass over the e, son

various purposes 146n,

or daughter in marriage or succession Dronaparva 6, 8, 79, 127, 131, 134-35, was held to be a grave sin 42.

168, 205-6, 208-9, 211, 214, 232. Elepbants, do not figure much in the 6430, 945, 898, 904, 914,

figbting described in the Maha Durgā (a fort or capital ) 178ff.

bbārata 203 ; if not well trained Durgā 368.

cause loss of life to their own side Duryodhana 203, 210; perished through 203n; lights to be waved before, at

conceit 52.

certain times 230; monopoly of

kings in 197 ; superintendent of 149; Dustaritu, a king, was expelled from

bis kingdom 26.

training and medical treatment of Dūta (ambassador or messenger ) 127- 149; victory depended upon e, in

129; duties of 128 ; person of, not

ancient India 203. to be barmed 127, 129, 209; quali- Elphinstone, author of History of ties of 127-128; three kinds of 128 ; India’ 203a, 397.1032

(Vol.

Emperor, distinction between e. and 611, 617; wives and daughters of

king made in the Satapatba Brāh- persoas liable to e. are entitled to mana 65 ; idea of, in the Vedic maintenance 617. Literature 64-65; supreme e, did Expense on education in the first not generally hanker after territory decades of British rule 165. so much as after admission of Experts, opinions of, to be taken 284. superior prowess 68.

Expiation, secret, for grave sins, forbid Emperors, long lists of, in the Brah

den in Kali 944-45. manas, Mabābhārata and other works

Ezekiel 425n. 66-67 ; titles of 69-70.

Fa—Hien 50, 91, 183, 390. Enmity, of five kinds 225.

Falsehood, penance for telling an Epigraphia Carnatica 377.

allowed f, ia & judicial trial 353 : Epigraphia Indica 17, 24, 30, 39-40, when allowed 353-354, . 44-5, 49, 66, 69-71, 76n, 105, 113n, Family, customs of 883,

115, 1166, 117, 122n, 124n, 125-26, Famines, measures to be taken against 135, 138-39, 142-43, 150, 153n, 163; references to ancient and 154-56, 159n, 162, 164, 168, 172,

medieval 163-164. 182, 194-197, 201, 246, 260, 264, | Fate, cannot accomplish anything 280-81, 283, 308, 315, 3660, 3760, without human effort 170, 377n, 393n, 406, 422, 439, 496, 500n, | Father, could once make unequal dis 506, 5750, 724, 848a, 881, 890n, tribution of estate among sons 623 ; 896n, 898, 9050, 932, 934, 962.

has the power to separate his sons Evidence (see ‘means of proof ‘);

from himself and from among them. circumstantial 356-57; exceptions selves 592, 622; partition made by f. to the exclusion of hearsay 331 ; if unequal could be set aside acc. rules about late production of 349- to medieval works 623 ; position of, 50; taken on commission 331 ; what as heir to his deceased soo 721-22 ; is bearsay 330.

some smrtis allowed two shares to f.

at partition with sons 625. Evidence Act (Indian) 313n, 314,

Fausböll 50, 91, 934, 331n, 340n, 3410, 349n, 3550, 457,

Fees, distribution of, among sacrificial 656n.

priests 469-470. Exceptions, are to be limited to the

Ferries, charges at 193 ; persons that matters expressly stated and are not

were given free passes to use 193. to be extended by analogy 672, 796n.

Fick, 36, 158, 190, 268, 399. Exchange, if inequitable may be res

Fields, duty of owners of, to construct cindcd 193 ; rules about sales apply

a high paling or hedge 500; mean. to 494,

ing of texts that forbid division of Exclusion; both males and females may

586-587; rules about f. taken for be liable to e. from inheritance 62 ;

cultivation on rent but not cultivated grounds of e. from inheritance and

510. partition 608-616; Hindu. Inherit- | Figgis, Mr, 1. N., author of Divine ance Disabilities Removal Act right of kings’ 35. abrogates most grounds of 611 ; Finder, of lost articles, rules applicable persons liable to e. cannot adopt, to 462. but may marry 617; persons liable | Fines (see under brāhmana’, ‘punish to e, must be maintained 611, 617 ; ment’); against artisans, carpen sons of persons liable to e, take a ters, tailors causing unreasonable share if they are free from defects ! delay 252 ; against goldsmiths pur

III )

General Index

1033

chasing gold from medials or slaves | Forests, superiotendent of the produce 253 ; against washermen for negli- 1 of 145. gent washing or disposal of clothes Forta, are meant for safety of the king, 252; against traders using false the people and the treasury 178 ; weights and measures or adulterat- | kinds of 178–179. iog grains, oils etc, or raising prices Fraud, vitiates all transactions 312n. beyond those fixed by officers 352; Freedom individual and national, discrimination in matters of f. based happiness lies in 102, 237, on caste ceased to be enforced from about 12th century 512; divergent

Gadre, Mr, A, S. 196n. views about the metal in which they

Gadyanaka, of gold and silver 122n. were to be paid 393n; either fixed or

Gāgābhaṭṭa, officiated at Shivaji’s

coronation 35. variable 393; for giving false evidence

Gains of learning 5810; Āp. and 352; for manufacturing counterfeit

Baud. say nothiog about 581 ; defi coins or passing them off 253; for non

nition of, acc. to Kātyāyana 583 ; appearance in court though surmon.

Gautama on 581; law about, now ed and able to come 287; for not re

settled by Hindu Gains of Learning turning a deposit when demanded or

Act 585; meaning of the words in demanding a deposit when not made

Yāj. ‘acquired without detriment to 458; for theft 522; had to be paid

paternal estate’ 582; propositions by parties defcated in suits 382;

established by case law as to 384 ; half of the prescribed f. awarded if

Vasistha gave two sbares to be accused promised not to commit

acquirer 581; were partible if learn offence again 513; higher f. for

ing was acquired at family expense thieves of higher castes 522; not

or from the father or elder brother imposed upon brāhmanas, if they

582. were first offenders and learned and

Gains of Learning Act (Hindu) 674. of good family 398n; not to be taken

Gambling. 538-542; condemned by by king from men of lowest castes

Brahmapurāṇa 542; in disputes such as Cāndālas 514 ; oldest refer.

about, the keeper of g. house is the eace to f, for assault 515; ranged from

final authority or gamblers appointed a kākini to cop fiscation of all wealth

by king 540; is one of the most 393; rates of f. paid by litigants 382;

ancient vices 541; Manu’s uncom recovered from those guilty of mabā.

promising attitude to 538; special pātakas were got to be taken by king

cause of dissensions among sanghas but were to be offered to Varuna or

233; those who engaged in secret distributed among learned brāh.

gambling were liable to punishment manas 407; three kinds of fixed f.

540 ; worst of vices in a king 55, 233; 393-94, were deemed to be lesser

Yājöavalkya, Kautilya and others than corporal punishment 394; 1

allowed g. under restrictions and as were to be paid in copper panas,

a source of revenue 538-539. when no metal mentioned 394.

Gana, meaning of 281. Fire-arms, whether known in ancient Ganapatideva, a Kakatiya king, issued

India 213-214.

a charter of security for sailors 194, Fleet, Dr. 102, 139, 1400, 315, 925n. | Ganarājya (republic) 87; internal dis Flesh-eating, condemned in Kali 344- sensions are the root of the ruio of

46. Food, taking of, in the same plate with | Gandhāra, country of 135.

wife, forbidden 8589.

Gandharyaveda 49.

130

1034

( Vol,

Ganges, throwing bones of cremated

body into 951. Ganikā, devolution of wealth of 148;

duties of 148 ; qualifications of 148; salary of 148; was a vesyā who was honoured for ber accomplishments

1480, Gargasamhita 892, 896, 919n. Garuḍapurāṇa 13, 160-161, 892, 962. Gāthāsaptaśati 154. Gattulāl, Pandit 825n. Gaurasiras, expounder of rājadharma

2, 4, Gautama 17n, 553, 557. Gautama, dharmasūtra of 3, 19, 21, 23,

25, 36n, 37, 45-6, 49, 56, 59, 66, 97-8, 100, 117, 119, 165, 167, 175, 185, 187, 189, 191, 192, 194, 209, 211, 212, 244-46, 250-51, 270, 272, 275, 284, 296, 307, 317, 320, 327, 330m33, 336, 343-44, 3480, 353, 389, 391-92, 395-97, 401-4, 409, 418-20, 422-23, 425, 428-29, 433, 435, 443, 446, 460, 4740, 482, 484, 494n, 501, 515, 517, 522-23, 527-28, 535, 548, 551. 566-68, 571, 573-74, 578, 581, 585, 588, 589a, 595, 598, 601,. 607- 10n, 6120, 613, 614-15, 617-18, 625, 627, 644, 646, 648, 649n, 650, 658. 690n, 702-7040, 706, 712, 715, 7540, 762, 765-66, 772, 776n, 781, 789, 793, 808, 815, 819n, 825, 827, 845, 848, 857, 863, 871, 874, 875, 880,

881, 883-84, 889, 932, 940-44, 946-

· 47, 952-55, 958, 965. Gautamadharmasūtra, specially studied

by Sāmavedias 853. Gayā, tax on performaoce of śrāddha

· 46 198. Gayatri, a mantra 76. Geography, Paurānic 134-135, 935. Gharpure, Mr.), R. 197n, 5090, 778,

· 804n. Ghataspboṭa, for patita women 807;

for those guilty of bigb treason 6100; ?” for those guilty of grave sios 615. Ghatotkaca 205, 214. Ghoshal, Dr. U. N. 16, 32. . Ghotakamukha, an author 2.

Gift, by stinting one’s family or ser

vants condemned 472; certain objects cannot be the subject of, because of want of ownership or because of prohibition 471; eight things that cannot be the subject of 471; how acceptance of g. may be made 474 ; ingredients of a 474-475; not deli. vering what is promised as a g. or resuming a g. led to other worldly consequences 473; of land looked upon with dislavour in ancient India 496; of only house forbidden 472n; promised to a brābmana or for a religious purpose should be enforced by king and fine awarded 474 ; pro mised to an irreligious man need not be carried out 474 ; resiliog from promise of gift of all property when allowed 473 ; seven kinds of g., that cannot be resumed 472; sixteep kinds of invalid g. 472; that may be set aside by donor himself on account of incapacity due to minority, ludacy &c. 472–73 ; what may be subject

of 472. Gobhila, sorti of 870.953, 956, Gobhilagrhyasūtra, 940; specially studi

ed by Sāmavedins 853. Gocarma, a certain extent of land 432. Gode, Mr. P. K, 849. Golaka, a kind of illegitimate son 646n. Gold, superintendent of 144-145:

value of, in relation to silver 121n. Goldstūckor, on ‘Panini'306. Gopa, an officer who looked after five

or ten villages and kept a register of the number of cultivators, traders,

animals &c. 143. Gopagiri (Gwalior) 159. Gopāla, founder of Pala dynasty in

Bengal was elected a king 30; was

a sūdra 39. Gopalap, author of History of Palla

vas’ 155. Gopatha Brāhmaṇa 135, 565, 888; on

coronation 74-75. Gorer, G. on Bali and Angkor ‘9340. Gosava or gomedba 940

LE )

General Index

1035

Got 285. Gotrajas, as heirs 732-752; are either

sapiadas or samā nodakas 752; mean ing of, acc. to the Mit 748 ; pecu. liar meaning ascribed to the word g. by Dāyabhāga 741-742; three views as to preference among 750-751 ;

widows of male g, as heirs 751-52. Government, (see under ‘king’: ‘pro

vince’, ‘ruler’); function of, did not end with the keeping of peace

and order 59. Govindarāja, commentator of Manu

730, 875; commentator of Rāmāyana

112, 719. Grāma, meaning of 140n, 153, 1820. Grāmani and Grāmakūta, see under

• Headman of village’. Grandmother, paternal, as heir 727

728, 731; when entitled to a share

at a partition 607-8. Grant Duffs ‘History of the Maratbas’

106, 156, 164. Graots, mention the exemption from

taxation that went with them 195 ; of land called ‘yogaksema’ 588n; of land could be made only by the king

and oot by a district officer 139. Great Bear, constellation of, was sup

posed to stay in one pakṣatra for a

hundred years 897. Gșhastbaratnākara 354, 420n, 525a,

614n. Gșhyasūtras, authority of 853. Groups, committee of two or more

were to look after business of 488; conventions of such g. as guilds, naigamas, beretics were enforced by king 487; member of g. who goes against beads of g. was liable to punishment 489; rights and liabili. ties of members of 488-489; what ever is gained by one or by heads of g. on the business of g. belongs to

489. Guardian, deities of quarters 368, Guardian and Wards Act (Indian ) 461. Gūdhaja son, defined 647, 660.

Guilds (see under groups’); adminis

tration and compacts made by 157 ; eighteen, in Buddhist times 159; bad power to condemn those who broke their conventions and to ex communicate them 157; of ksatriyas in Kambhoja and Surāstra and of workmen 158; rules about partner ship apply to 481 ; usages and con. ventions of, were upheld by king in

certain circumstances 158, 487. Gunas, definitions of, 223; proper em

ployment of, leads to peace and exertion 217; six 217, 223; sub divisions of the several 224-225; theory of mandala brought in relation

to the doctrine of 222-223. Gupta dynasty 902. Gupta Empire, administrative system

of 141-142; provincial administra

tion under 150. Gupta Inscriptions 44, 45, 49, 68, 70,

72, 108, 115, 117, 122n, 124n, 159, 202. 213n, 264, 281, 506, 890, 924n,

9250, Guru, payment of fees to 958. Halābala, poison drunk by Śiva 372a. Halāyudha 368n, 588n, 589n, 636, 784n. Hamlet 296. Hammurabi, code of 389n, Happiness, individual and national, lies

ia freedom 102, Haradatta, commentator of Gaut. Db.

S., Āp. Dh. S., and Asv. gr. 48, 60, 98, 121n, 192, 344,387n, 395n, 4190, 428n, 4330, 460, 527a, 572a, 573 74,578, 5810, 585n, 595n, 644, 646, 6490, 650n, 702-3, 712, 754n, 7900, 793, 825, 8560, 8640; 879, 880, 942,

953, 955, 957. Harappa, excavations at 307 Harbours, charges on ships calling at

193 ; confiscation when foreign boats are driven to 193 ; to be guarded by

king 193. Harihara 5089, - Hariscandra; purchased Sunusepa 660, Hārita, (versified) smrti of 1500, 2470,

2590, 263, 276-78, 285, 304, 312,

1036

I Vol.

4200, 436, 473, 494, 524, 536, 569,

5810, 651, 652n, 764n, 856, 885, 947. Harita (prose) 616, 625, 644, 646,

825n. Harivamsa 39, 40, 214, 892, 895n, Harsa, king of Kashmir, plundered

many temples 188n, Harsa, king of Kanoj 67, 69; consoled

by his dying father 63 ; elected as a king by the people 31 ; gave all in charity once every five years 164 ; preparations on digvijaya of 229 ;

vast armies of 204, Harsacarita 63, 67, 69, 85, 108, 115,

182, 206, 229, 390. Hart, I’r. 295, 407. Hasta (cubit) measure of various lengths

for various purposes 146n. Hāthigumphā inscription of Kbāravela

49, 60, 66, 69, 94, 135, 162, 172.

195, 246, Headman of village, (see under vil-

Jage”); came to be appointed by king alone and office of, hereditary 154 ; could inflict fines 155; food of, for- bidden to brāhmanas 154; great in fluence of 154; had many appella tions 154; love adventures of the

son of 154. Heaven, as the reward for all soldiers

killed in battle 57, 58; as the reward for ascetic endowed with yoga 58; as the reward of kings who die fighting

in some matters with the Veda 834 835, 870-71; usages of, were tolera ted by the king up to a certain ex

tent 871, 881-82. Heretics, are those like the Bauddhas

who do not regard the Veda as autho ritative 487; conventions of, were to be enforced by king in certain

cases 487. Hetuvao-nigadādhikarana 676. Himalaya, ‘regions of, had immense

rainfall 147, Hindu family, is presumed to be joint

in food, worship and estate 638. Hindu Gains of Learning Act 585. Hindu Heirs Relief Act (Bombay) 445,

453, Hindu Inheritance (Disabilities Re

moval Act) 611. Hindu Law, codification of 820-824. Hiadu Law of Inheritance (Amend.

ment Act) 749. Hindu Widows’ Remarriage Act 707,

724, Hindu Women’s Rights to property

Act (XVIII of 1937) 604, 700, 752.

806. Hiouen Chwang or Thsang 30, 40, 143n.

268, 9248. Hiranyakesin 214 ; grbyasūtra of 685n. Hiring entered into three titles of

law 476. History of Dharmasastra, vol. I. 3050,

871, History of Dharmaśāstra, vol. II, 3, 7,

9, 25-26, 28-29, 39, 41, 47, 49-50, 59, 61, 68, 70-71, 73-75n, 97, 101, 104, 112, 117, 124n, 134, 137, 1450, 146n, 148, 159, 164, 175, 1890, 194, 196, 202, 234, 240, 310, 333n, 334n, 367a, 3980, 401, 4020, 408n, 411, 416, 425n, 453, 471a, 472, 474-75, 481,483-84, 487, 495-96, 500n, 508n, 517, 534-37, 541, 546, 550n, 564, 588, 599, 6038, 609n, 613, 615, 6180, 624n, 626n, 6270, 641, 643, 653, 659, 661, 675n, 679a, 682n, 687-89n, 703n, 704, 713, 734, 757, 765, 7760, 806, 807, 824, 8280, 8300, 832,

Hebrew, ancient code 389n, Heirs (see under inheritance). Heirsbip, principles of spiritual benefit

and blood relationship ia determin.

iog 734-736. Hemādri 122n, 146n, 154, 6100, 928n,

929, 931n. Heracles 901-902. Herdsman, duty of 497-498; liabili

ties of 498-500; not liable in certain cases when , cattle stray into a field

500; wages of 498. Heretical, sects 834; treatment of, in

ancient India 883 ; works of, not inauthoritative, even though they agree

III)

General Index

1037

8360, 8420, 8440, 846-489, 856a, a share in father’s property if the 8570, 8580, 865. 874, 876n, 877, father so chooses 601; rights of a 883, 885, 926n, 931-32, 937-41, 945, sūdra’s i. s. after bis father’s death 948-50, 952. 958-59, 961-62, 966, 601-602, 809. 971.

Images, weeping and dancing of, as bad Holākādhikarana 851-52.

omens 227. Holdsworth, author of ‘History of Impalement as punishment for theft of

English Law. 296.

horses and elephants 522. Holikā festival 8440, 851.

Impartible property (vide under ‘pro Hopkins 126, 173, 180, 190, 213, 229n. perty’) 631; house and land said by Horses, countries from which good some to be impartible 586-587;

breeds of h. came 149, 206, 232; illustrations of 585-590. lights to be waved before 230; sale Impotent person, could marry and of, forbidden 848: superintendent have a ksetraja son 6170; fourteen of 149.

kinds of 617n; sigos of 6170, House, partition of, not allowed by Incest, sexual intercourse with certain

some writers 586-87.

relatives was held to be 533. Human sacrifice, symbolical 961-62. Inconie-tax levied on interest 192. Hunting, benefits of 54 ; defects of Independent; three persons are i. viz.

54-55.

the king, the vedic teacher and the Husband (see ‘wife’); and wife enjoy head of the bouse in his house 413.

together the rewards of religious India, a certain unity of religious and acts 603 n. 738; duties of h. and philosophical doctrines, literary wife 536-537; first duty of h, to

forms and ideals existed in ancient keep wife dependent and under con

and medieval 136; divided into five trol 536; not liable to pay wife’s

parts in Aitareya Brāhmana 135; debts except in some cases 451-52;

divided into two parts 135; no sen must try to deserve wife’s regard

timent of nationbood in ancient and and love and must honour her 537.

medieval 136-137. Huviska 24, 70.

| Indian Antiquary 102, 138, 1400, 154, Hypothecation, without possession

168, 283, 315, 366n, 405n, 8900, 419n, 431.

9240. Ideal, the great social and political i. Indications, eight, of a man’s approa.

was the observance of dharma 97; ching fall 228. belief in i. perfection in the dim Iadra, coronation of, described in Ait.

past and the distant future 885-86. Br. 73; festival in honour of 844n; Illegitimate daughter, of even a sūdra, gods are said to have agreed to treat

is not entitled to inherit or to main- him as the eldest 41; killed dasyus tenance 602, 810.

and destroyed their cities of ayas Illegitimate son (ser under ‘main. 180; paramour of Ahalyā 845-846;

tenance’) 601-603; from a dāsi or raising banner of 231, 234, 367n; concubine born to a dvija is not regarded Maruts as his sacivas 104 ; entitled to a share on partition or to

secured his position by energetic inherit, but got only maintenance action 169; took an oath 359n. 601, 809; of adulterous intercourse Inheritance (see brother, bandbu, is entitled to maintenance 6020, 809; daughter, daughter’s son, gotraja, of sūdra from a brāhmaṇa woman is parents, widow’); close connection oot entitled to inherit to bis father betweon i. and offering of rice balls 603 ; of Sūdra from a dāsi may take to the deceased 734, 739 ; goes to

1038

| Vot.

the nearest sapinda, according to Maou 733, 748; order of, is to be arranged in such a way that the deceased’s wealth may conduce to his spiritual benefit acc, to Dżya. bbāga 738; order of, under Dāya. bhāga 739; order of, under Mitākṣarā 749; order of, to a sonless man 791ff; sister’s son preferred as heir to the man’s own son in Vāhika country 88n; strangers as taking i. 762-763; to forest hiermit and ascetic 764-765; whoever takes i. has to pay debts of deceased and offer

pinda to hin 443, laterest; at 5 percent allowed after

demand on deposit, purchase price &c. 458; circumstances under which interest stops running, such as when king dies 425; debtors of all castes may pay i. acc. to rate stipulated 419; four, five or six kinds of 418 419; maximum recoverable at one time from a debtor 422; may be either stipulated at time of loan or not so stipulated 419; may be stipulated with relerence to article pledged or to whether a surety is given 419-420; none allowed in certain cases 406; rate of, differed acc. to mercan tile usage in differept countries 421; rate of, varied also according to the nature of the article lent 422-423 ; rate of, first laid dowa by Vasistha at oth part of principal every mooth if sometbing be pledged 420; rate of, very high in ancient and medieval India 421-422; rate of allowable i, laid down by smrtis 420-422; rates of, were two, three, four or five percent per month acc, to the varṇa of tbe debtor 421; starts in certain cases even on articles loaned through friendsbip 426-27; taking even agreed interest beyond the rates prescribed by smstis or taking com pouad interest condemned 420; those taking exhorbitant interest con- demned to Hell 421; very heavy

interest charged to debtors that carried on trade through forests or

across seas 422. Interest Act (Indian) 4270. Interpretation; rules for i. of vedic texts

863-64, rules for i, of vedic texts have been applied to smrti texts also

864. Invasion, (see nirajana’); ambassa

dor to be seat before starting on 226; auspicious and inauspicious sights before 227; proper time for 207; religious ceremonies to be per formed before starting on 226. Irrigation 162-163; Megasthenes on

Indian 162. Ishavari Prasad, Prof, 6840. Itilāsa, includes both Dharmasastra

and Arthasāstra 10, 51. Itihāsaveda, 48. Intoxicants, were altogether forbidden

to brābmanas though not to ksatriyas

848. Tabala Upanisad 841. Jābāli, smrti of 863-64. Tagannātha, compiler of Sanskrit digest

of Hindu Law 688. Jagannath Rao, Mr. N. 903. Jail, construction of, acc. to Manu and

Kautilya 406, 407; duty of nāgaraka to release on the birth-day of the king or on full moon day prisoners that were young, old or diseased 406; separate accommodation for men and women prisoners in 406; special occasions on which prisoners

were discharged from 406, 407. Jaimini (see under Purvamimārāsā);

20, 38, 72, 1210, 143n, 275, 4430, 4700, 471, 515, 527n, 550, 556n.

579a, 608-9, 622, 637, 654, 676. . 6770, 694n, 695n, 704-050, 719, 722.

725, 7310, 770, 777, 8270, 828. 830n. 8320, 835-837a, 841, 813, 848n, 849-51, 855, 864, 870, 905n, 938,

952, 963. Jaiminiya-ayāya-mālāvistāra 835. Jains 698, Jāmadagaya 53.

III

General Index

1039

Janamejaya, perished because he

attacked brāhmaṇas through hot

temper 52, 53o. Janamejaya, king of the Nipas 53, Jardine, Mr John, author of ‘Notes on

Buddhist Law’ 6410. Jarutha, king of Ayodhyā, was killed by

stratagem 85. Jātakas 36, 50, 91, 140n, 159, 399. Jayabbiṣeka. description of 227. Jayamati, queen of Uccala 80. Jayapatra (document embodying the

judgment of the court) 380 ; ancient j. from Java 381; distinguished from hinaputraka 381 ; distinguished

from pascātkāra 380. Jayaswal, Mr. K. P., 6, 14n, 20, 28, 29,

30, 32, 65, 66n, 73, 80, 90, 93-95,

103, 268, 381, 892, 896, 9240,925n, Jayatsena, king of Kaśi 86. Jenks, Dr. E., author of New Juris

prudence’ 266. Jews, usury was condemned amongst

4250. Jha, Sir Ganganath 850n, 854n. jimūtavābana 246, 475, 544, 549n, 568,

715, 781. Jitendriya, a predecessor of Jimūta

vāhana 636, 769n. Jivanmuktiviveka 882, Jöjānesvari 122n, Joint family (see property’, ‘self

acquisition’ and ‘separate property’); characteristics of, under Dāyabhāga 594-595; inroads on the Mitāksara system of 674 ; is larger than a co parcenary 591 ; manager of, is called kartā in modern times 592 ; member of, may have separate property of his own 577; Mitākarā doctrine of survivorship rights of males in j. f. abrogated by Hindu Women’s Rights of Property Act 604-605; modern Courts bave allowed individual mem bers of j. f. to alienate for value their ipterest in the property 593 594; no individual member could sell or give property of j. f. for his own purpose under medieval Hindu

Law 593 ; persons that constitute a Hindu j f. 590; powers of manager 592; powers of father over property of 593; worship of gods, manes and brābmaṇas is single for all members

of, when they live together 572. Jolly, Dr, 122n, 303n, 340n, 379n, 381,

417n, 426n, 443-44, 557, 565, 567,

6460, 648, 665, 688, 717, 727, 772n. Jones, Sir William 819, 875, 930n. Judge ( see under ‘courts’); country

that has sūdra as j. meets ruin 273 ; duty of British Indian j. 599; fines and punishments of j. for doing cer tain thiogs 275 ; five causes of the charge of partiality in 269; impartia lity in, insisted upon in sınstis 273; not to hold conversation in private with any litigant 275; punishment for a j., who threatens, unjustly silences or abuses litigants 255; qualifica tions of 271; should look into causes of idols, minors, women, brāhmaṇas even if they did not complain 298 ; śūdra not to be appointed as 273; was styled prādvivāka or dharmā. dhyaksa 272; was to hear a suit again if decision brought about by perjured evidence 353; was to be

preferably a brāhmana 272. Judgment (see ’law suit’); contents

of 380; document embodying j. was called jayapatra 380; exceptions to the foality of the j. of the king’s court 385; obtained by fraud or force was to be set aside 385; review of, when allowed 382, 385; should provide for the recovery of interest on the claim decreed and the accre

tions 383. Judicial procedure, appreciation of

ancient Indian, by Western jurists 817; smrtis lay down a high level of

268. Junagadh, inscription of Rudradaman

at 30, 89, 105, 117, 185, 890. Jurists, ancient Indian j. were consi

derate as compared with Western ones 5470.

1040

[ Vol.

Jury, trial by 284.

892-894 ; marriage with women of a Justice ( see .king’. ’law suit’); ad. different varṇa forbidden in 599 ;

ministration of, as depicted in Mr. niyoga not allowed in 627, 656 ; cchakaṭika 279-280; administration sacrifice of Anubandhya cow forbid of, personified as Dharma 242; ad. den in 627, 865; special share to ministration of, the personal concern eldest son condemned in 627 of the king 242; court of, had ten Kalidasa, 28, 37, 499, 52, 54, 56, 63, angas 277-278; court of, was called 82, 101-2, 112, 223n, 229n, 230, 243, dharmāsana, dharmadhikarana or 269, 407, 702, 896. dharmasthioa 243, 277; court of,

Kālikāpurāṇa 13, 42, 230, 372n, 679, was to be to the cast of the palace 681n. 277; delay in administration of j. is

Kalivarjya 885ff; chapter of, refutes denial of justice 297; dharmasastra

theory of unchanging East 967. rules preferred to arthasastra rules

Kalivarjyavirnirṇaya 928n, 929n, 030, in administration of 283 ; distinction

931n, 939, 940n, 9428, 945, 949-50, between civil and criminal 258 ;

953, 963, 966, 968n, impartial administration of, yields

Kalkin or Kalki, avatāra of, 923-925; same rewards as Vedic sacrifices 242;

identified with Yasodharman, 924n, king dispensed j. not by bimself

Kalkipurāṇa, 923, 925. alone but with aid of judges, brāh

Kalmāsapāda, story of 359n. nanas &c. 268-269; primarily dis

Kalpa, extent of, 891. pensed by the king 268; purpose of administration of j. is very high viz.

Kalpataru, a work 156, 575n, 5810, the quest of truth 247; qualifications

610n, 6510, 770n, 928n,

of scribes in a court of 278; seating

Kalyāṇabhatta 288.

Kāma, ten vicious tendencies due to 53, arrangements for king and others in a court of 278; secular and spiritual

Kamadhepu, a work 39,581n.

consequences of doing. 386; two

Kamalākara, author of Nirnayasindhu principles in administration of, are

and Vivādatandava 246, 692. ‘fulfil your promise’ and ‘cause injury

Kamandaka, author of Nitisāra, 8. 13n, to no one’ 258; was to be dispensed

170, 18, 19, 21-22, 25-26, 37, 44-46, openly in the court 269,

48, 49n, 52-55, 58, 83, 84, 85, 97. Justintan 326.

105-107, 109-111, 116-18, 126-29, Jyotistoma 469, 470n, 833,

131-33, 142, 160, 1630, 170-74, 179,

181, 184, 186-87, 200-202, 208, 212. Kadambari 24n, 277, 362,

216-219, 221, 224-25, 230. 232n, Kadambas 39, 70

238-40, 399, 400n. Kākavarṇa, a king 86.

Kāmasutra, narrates that Prajapati Kākini, was medium for purchasing

composed a work in 100000 chapters goods 1260.

that was abridged by Manu, Kalasa, king of Kashmir 184.

Brbaspati and Nandi 4 ; states that Kali, meaning of 886-887.

dharma is the highest of the three Kali age, actions forbidden in 885-968; puruṣarthas and kama the lowest 9;

acceptance of sccondary soos (except 4, 7, 9, 47n, 53n, 86, 148, 150, 154. dattaka) forbidden in 599, 653, 659; Kaṇika, mantrin of Dhrtarāṣtra 10. cups of wine in Sautrāmaṇi iṣti for- Kānina, son, definition of 647, 660 ; bidden in 865; date of the beginning son, was assigned to the husband of of 896ff; decline of dharma in 891 ; ! the girl, 652, 660. description of what will happen in Kanlika Bhāradvāja 2.

General Index

1041

509,6171, 633,580,582-83; 5:54, 566,

39,

Kaniska:24, 9050.

25, 529, 532–33, 538-40, 554, 566, Kantakas, meaning of 162; supported 573-750, 578, 580, 582-85, 589, 592,

generally by the queen, the Prince, 609, 6178,637-38, 640, 643-44, 651n, king’s favourites 162.

670n, 698, 706n, 707, 708, 710, 715, Kanṭakaśodhana–see under “court’. 721, 7549, 763, 772, 774-78, 786, Kanva 524,

788, 791, 805, 810n, 817, 862, 868, Kanva, smrti of 943n,

881, 882n. Kānvāyanas, successors of the Sungas Kātyāyana, author of Vārtikas on

Panini 415, 6850. Kāpālikaśāstra 48,

Kātyāyana, srautasutra of, 470n, 500n, Kapur, Mr., author of a work on 627n, 6620, 8360, 940, 952.

‘adoption’ 662.

Kaunapadanta 83. Karabāṭa, a 10000 province 139, Kaundinya 409. Karāla, king of Videha 52.

Kauravas, army of 204. Karandikar, Mr. ]. S. 903, 911, 912, Kausambi, merchant from, went to

917-918, 920-21.

Ceylon 937. Kāriri, sacrifice for bringing down rain Kausikasūtra 74n, 750, 77, 3610, 435.

Kausitaki Aranyaka 6410. Karmavipāka, doctrine of 392.

Kausitaki-brāhmana-upadisad 565. Karna 204 ; a kanina son 660.

Kauṭiliya (see under Arthasāstra) 5. Karnadeva, a Cedi king 126.

6, 27. Karnaparva 88n, 127, 205, 208, 209, Kautilya, advises employment of poison,

214, 216, 917,918.

herbs and incantations 12 ; advises Kārṣāpana, of silver was in vogue in king in difficulties to deprive even

the South 123; ordinarily means ? temples of their wealth 13; does

copper piece used as a coin 121. not advise people to eschew plea Karūṣa, king of, was killed by his own sures altogether 240-241; 1, 9, 10,

son 85.

12, 17-18, 20, 21, 24, 28, 31, 42, Kaśi, king of, was killed by his queen 85 44-48, 50-52, 54-56, 58-61, 66, 69, Kāśikā, com. on Panini’s sūtras 126n, 83-85, 87-89, 95, 98, 99, 102, 104

145n, 156, 359n, 660, 723, 734, 775n, 109, 111, 112, 114n, 116-121, 123, Kathakagrlıya 879.

124, 127-131, 134, 140, 142, 151-52. Kāthaka Saribitā 64, 564, 868n, 964. 154-55, 160–61, 163, 166-67, 169-71, Katyāyana, sūtra of 692.

174-76, 178, 179, 181, 184-85, 188 Kātyāyana, author of Arthaśāstra 2. 89, 191, 193, 195, 203n, 208, 2110, Kātyāyana, smrti of 22, 88, 96, 105, 212, 216-18, 220, 221-23, 228, 230.

118, 119, 167-68, 189, 196, 199, 243, 232-33, 239-43, 248, 250, 252, 255, 246–47, 251, 258n, 260-263n, 264, 257-58, 273, 275-77, 282, 284, 293 268, 271–76, 277, 281, 283, 286, 288, 296, 299, 302, 303, 307, 310, 330, 291-94, 297-98, 301-06, 308, 310- 332-34, 336, 342, 343, 345, 347, 349, 15, 317, 321-22, 326-28, 330-34, 356-57, 380, 391-92, 394, 396, 399, 336-37, 339-44, 346-349, 351-52, 400, 405-06, 409n, 412, 418-422, 354, 356, 362-67, 380, 3820, 383-85, ; 426, 428, 430, 433-34, 440-42, 447. 387, 394-95, 3980, 403a, 410, 413, 450-51, 454, 459, 464, 469, 471-72, 417, 419, 421-23, 426, 4270, 428,

476. 478, 481, 489-90, 492, 501, 504, 431-445, 447, 4480, 449, 451-53, 508, 512-13, 515-17, 519,525, 527 455–60, 462-66, 468,471-74,479-80, 29, 533-34, 538–39, 566, 573, 589, 482-85, 487-89, 491-95, 500-502, 598, 608, 616-17, 619, 621, 623, 624, 504, 506-511, 513-15, 517-19, 522-1 631, 635, 655, 657, 659, 708, 763,

1311042

(Vol.

766, 772, 779, 786-87, 791, 804, 1 and ineasures are used 166; calami. 811, 860, 881.

ties in a, are six 46; characteristics Kautsa 524,

of an ambitious (vijigisu) 218; com. Kavadidvipa, 11 lakh country 139.

pared to the performer of a sacrifice Kavasa Ailūsa, story of 6000.

61; consultation by, with ministers Kavya, éxpounder of rājadharma 2: should be in a secret place 108;

is said to have abridged the work of consultation by, with three or four Brahma 4.

mantrins 107; coronation of 72ff ; Kāvyamimāṁsā 470, 66n, 67, 134n, could not be cited as a witness 176,

336; daily routine of 60-61 ; depend Keith, Prof. A. B. 122n, 388.

ence of, on samvatsara astrologer) Kerala, country of, 261.

126; deposing a bad k., allowed by Keśavapandita 13, 403.

Manu, Yaj. and others 26; described Khadira-gphya-sūtra 692, 940

by some works as servant of the Khandadeya 848, 854.

people 27-28, 36-37; disputes Khāravela, king of Kalinga 962; ac- !. between parties should not be started

complishments of 49 ; followed policy by k. or his officers 251 ; duties and of danda, sama and sandhi 172; responsibilities of, 56-60; duties of Hāthigumphā Inscription of, 17, 49, are either drstartha or adrsṭārtha 60, 65, 69, 94, 162, 172, 195, 246; 8; duty of, to donate fields and performed Rājasūya sacrifice 70; was money to brāhmaṇas acc. to their crowned king in his 25th year 80 ; ! worth 1; duty of, to guard property was styled Kalinga-cakravartin 66 ; of minors, women and helpless people was yuvarāja for 9 years 116.

574 ; duty of, to prevent danger from Khasa, tribe 8610.

thieves in villages and forests 1, 167; Kicaka, was met by Bhima dressed as duty of, to protect arises from the

Draupadi 172.

taking of taxes 39; duty of, to punish Killing, of animals forbidden for ten those who swerve from the usages of

years in Kashmir 100,

their family, caste, guild or group King (see under battle’, ‘brābmana’. 881-882 ; duty of, to save subjects

‘coronation’, ‘ksatriya’, ’land’, ‘rāja- from internal calamities such as dharma’, ‘ruler’, ’taxes’); adhvaryu

famines and floods and epidemics 163; priest deputized for k. when latter duty of, to see that people act acc. engaged in Aśvamedha and got three

to rules of dharmaśāstra 3, 57; duty times bisordinary pay 28; administer. of, to support students, learned ing justice and punishing the guilty brābmanas and sacrificers 59, 164 ; were two among the prime functions duty of, to tolerate and enforce vary of 242; all sons of a k. do not suc- ing practices of people 861; edicts ceed to the throne but only the of, how promulgated 99; education eldest 42, 87 ; appointed a bierarchy of 46-53 ; election of 29; eldest son of officers over one village, ten, of, generally succeeded 87; enjoined twenty, 100; villages and so on 141 ; to inflict heavy fines on himself for appointed as many superintendents illegal exactions 97; entitled to take as were required for several depart. a sixth part not only of land produce, ments of State 142; aspiring to be a but of many other things 192 ; samrāt (emperor) performed Aśva- eulogy of the office of 25 ; faults and

medha and Rājasūya 70; authority of, vices of, are due to ignorance and i over brāhmanas was limited 25; busi- lack of training 233; faults to be

ness of, to see that proper weights ! avoided by 46; five cbief. duties of

General Index

1043

57; foremost duty of, is protection 56, 57, 242; fountain of justice 242; fruits of the policy of 216 ; functions of, were religious and secular 101 ; gambling the worst of vices in a 54 : generally a man alone becameak.40; grand policy for a k. is avisvāsa 12; grounds of obligation to obey the 37 ; had monopoly as to elephants, saffron &c. 197; had to provide for sraddhas and concubines of the deceased when he took by escheat 763; harmony between k. and brāhmanas 25; has ! parts of gods in him 23 ; has no friend 216; bigh ideal placed before 61-63, 96; hot-tempered k. fell victim to popular fury 98; how k. should deal with his officers 114 ; howk, should spead first aod latter part of day 51 ; incurred sin, if he did not punish the guilty 3; is the maker of his age 3, 892; is the State, acc. to Kautilya 18; is to look into lawsuits in the 2nd part of the day 95, 242; killing of, when sanctioned by ancient works 26; 1 legislative action of, very limited in ancient times 98; levying an unjust fine was to offer thirty times thereof to Varuna 176; may prohibit export of foodstuffs in a famine 100; may inflict bodily punishment on cāṇdālas and other low people but should not take fines from them 408; may take cognizance of matters called chalas, aparādhas of his own motion without anyone’s complaint 263-264; measures to be taken by, for safety against his own soos 83 ; measures to be taken by, for safety against fire and poisons 84; most important of the seven elements of the State 18; neccessity to a k. for curbing his senses and not falling a prey to kama and krodha 53 ; necessity of moral discipline in the case of 52; necessity of the office of, emphasized 20-22; not showing himself to litigants suffers like klog

Nrga 243; not to run away from battle 57; oppressing subjects is made of parts of rākṣasas 25; oppressing subjects may be destroy ed by brāhmanas 27; orders that could be issued by 98-99; orders on certain matters could not be issued by k in ancient India 98-99; patta (tiara) for the k. 82; person abusing the k. had tongue cut off 513; policy of, settled in consulta tion with ministers may be divulged by birds and dogs 108-109; policy of, should not be known to an out sider 109, 111; procedure followed in issuing orders of 115; public durbar of, how airanged 114 ; puni shing those that do not deserve to be punished and not punishing the guilty goes to Hell 242 ; purposes for which office of k. was created by God 21; qualities of a good k. 44 45; qualities of a k, are 36 acc. to Santiparva 45; qualities of a k. are 96 acc. to Parasuramapratāpa 46: reasons for raising the k. to the position of a divinity 27; responsi bilities of 161-168; right of, to mines and minerals 196; shared in the spiritual merit and demerit of his subjects 37, 195; should consult purohita after consulting ministers 110; should honour and protect chaste women 59; should listen to the recital of Iti hāsa 10; should maintain ksatriyas, vaisyas and sūdras that cannot maintain them. selves 59; should not make litigants wait long 243 ; should perform two laksa-homas every year 228; should possess characteristics of certain gods 23; should save a portion of his yearly reveaue 228; sometimes selected a younger son to succeed him 44 ; sources from which law was to be found by 100; stages in the education of 51 ; three greatest qualities in a k, are liberality, truth. fulness and valour 46; throne of 82;

1044

History of Dharnusāstra

| Voi.

.

…

that takes taxes without giving pro. of k, 30-31; ideal of vijigīṣu placed tection goes to Hell 191; to avoid before 218; many k, are mentioned gambling and hunting 55; to celebrate in the Rgveda 63; most harmful festivals in honour of certain deities vices of 53-54 ; of three grades 70; 234; to decide acc, to dharma in

persons of all varṇas became 38; case of conflict between doarma- privileges of 175; relative harmful sastra and practices 9; to found a ness of different vices of 53-54 ; rise district of villages on old sites or and fall of, depends on planets 126; on Dew only 134; to guard his seven principal vices of 54; should finances with great effort 184; to take care against treachery from help agriculturists in various ways: ministers and officials 85; six evil 191; to learn every night from his tendencies of 52-53 ; stories of k. spies the intentions and actions of killed for their tyranny 26; stories bis enemies, officers and subjects of k, that perished through lack of 129; undergoes a ceremonial bath vinaya 52, 530; that met death in before invasion 227; views on the i their queen’s chambers 85; that vidyās essential for the education met death or misfortunes through of 48; vyasanas of 232-233; was their carelessness or the stratagens to appoint chief justice and sabhyas of those around them 86; vices of 271; was to be like a father to his.kings 53-54; warned agaiast being people 62; was to decide acc. to poisoned 83; will be mostly sudras rules of dharmasastra and usages in the Kali age acc. to the Puranas 270; was to look personally into 1 Income and expenditure 184; was to Kingship (see under monarchy’); punish castes and guilds that swerve

germs of several theories about 28ff; from their dharma 238; was to germs of the theory of divine right punish even the highest functionaries of, go back to the Rgveda 32; germs if they go wrong 120; was to pro- of the theory of divine right found tect and guard all minors, helpless in the Bible 36; glorification of 24; men and women 665-666; was to glorification of k. did not result in show himself to all people every day the view that every king, however 61; was to support the aged, the bad, was a divinity 25; ideal of k. blind, the cripple, widows, orplaas was to be a rājarṣi 52; propositions and pregnant women 59; was to up- involved in the full-tiedged theory hold the dharmas of families, castes, of the divine right of 35; symbols guilds and even heretical sects that of 82; theory of divine origin were not opposed to the Veda 158, 1 of 23, 26, 32-33, 35–36; theory of 238; who should be 37-38.

divine origin of, supported on the Kingdom (see under State); description ground of the doctrine of karma 27;

of a flourishing 177.

theory of divine origio of, applies Kings, abdicated in favour of their only to the supreme ruler (maha.

sons and became hermits 101-102 ; | rāja ) 25. assumed other names after corona- Kiðjalka 2. tion 82 ; checks that regulated and Kirātas, dwelt to the cast of Bharata mitigated the absolute power of 96- varsa 67. 97,176 ; examples of k. killed by Kirātārjuniya 8. their subjects 52; examples of $. that Kollam era, in Malabar 901. suffered from some failing or other Komatis 2520 53 ; historic examples of the election Konkaṇa, province of 900 villages 139.

III 1

General Inder

1045

Korkunov’s ‘General theory of law’ 20n, 1 duty of, to fight without regard for

gain or loss 57; existence of k. in Kosa (see treasury), is the root of the Kali age denied by some works 873 ;

tree of State 184,

highest ideal of, is to die on the Kosa, ordeal of 373, 637; prescribed

battlefield 57 ; most proper person in charges of concealment of joint

to be king 37; not to drink wine property by one cosharer 637.

prepared from flour 848.

Ksetraja son, definition of 647, 659 ; Kotihoma 228. Kottapāla, an officer 168.

common among ksatriyas 659; was Kottarāja, an Abhira king 86.

called Dvyāmusyāyana by the Mit.

659. Kratu, a smrti writer, 928.

ksirasvāmin, com. of Amarakośa 48, Kratvartha rules 609,

66, 117n, 134, 140n, 147a, 163n, 454, Krita, son, defined 648, 660-61,

4910, 754n. Krodha, vicious tendencies due to 53,

Kula, of land, meaning of 142, 150a. Krsna, death of, started Kaliyuga 896;

Kullaka, commentator of Manusmrti drank wine 846; had spies in the

39, 132n, 142, 150n, 178, 191-92, army of Duryodhana 131; married

220, 247-48, 251n, 272n, 280, 322, his own maternal uncle’s daughter

383, 406, 421n, 429, 439n, 465, 470n, 846; presided over the sangha of

523, 572, 582n, 587, 590, 653n, 675, the Vrsnis 88; tried the several

7031, 7060, 714, 720, 730, 733, 759, upāyas in the case of Kauravas 173 ;

774n, 788, 7899, 8250, 833a, 837, went as envoy of the Pandavas to

840n, 868n, 874, 945n, 951n. the Kaurava court 226.

Kumārāmātya, meaniog of 117, Krsnabhatta, 938, 948, 960, 966.

Kumārasambhava 229n, 9070, 916. Krsna-Dvaipāyana, author of 18 Purāṇas

Kumārila (see under ‘Tantravārtika’); 872.

38, 705n, 829-31, 833-34, 838-39, Krsnala 121, 125n.

841n, 846, 848, 850, 855, Kșta or Kștrima (see under ‘son’) 647, !

Kunda, a kind of illegitimate son 646n. 660; distinguished from dattaka son

Kundawāla, a play 277n. 660: son, now prevalent only in Mithila Kūrmapurāṇa 857, 875, 892.

and among Nambudri brāhmanas 660. ! Kuruksetra, ‘brahmanas residing in, Kșta age, belief in, was probably depict.

glorified by Manu, Vasiṣtha and ed to induce men to rise morally

others 137; land of K., Matsyas, higher 244 ; dharma flourished in

Pancalas was called ‘chosen full perfection in 244 ; bad no king

country’ 134. and no punishment 4, 33, 244; Ideal

Kūsmānda, mantras called 353. description of, is sometimes asso ciated with the picture of anarchy Lagbu-Asvalayana, smrti of 6460, 927. 244.

Laghu-Hārita 701n. Kr̥tyakalpataru (see Karpataru), a work Laghu-Viṣṇu 764n.

13, 3019.

Laghu-Vyāsa 872n. Kr̥tyaratnākara 873a.

Lakṣaboma 228. Ksapanakas, held Veda unauthorita

Lalitāditya, political will of 817. tive 871.

Lalltavistara 308. Ksatravarman, a Maukhari klag killed Land (see under ‘grant’); gift of,

by bards 86.

may be made to higher officers, but Ksatriya, corporations of, in Kām- without power to sell or mortgage 152;

bboja and Surāsṭra practised both gift of, should not be made by king husbandry and profession of arms 89;’ as emolument to apy servant 152,

1046

[ Vol.

lessee building on apother’s l. has servant, discouraged 299; compro. to remove building when he vacates mise of 303-304; death of parties 480 ; of brābmana not allowed to to 302; delay in disposal of, not be taken by cāṇḍāla, patita &c. 496; allowed in ancient India 296; may portion of 1., set apart for pastures be decided by courts of several grades 499.-500; sales of, revenue officers 280; of two kinds, according as they were consulted in 142, 497 ; originate in wealth or injury 258 ; share of king in produce of 191 ; place of inference and presumption six causes of disputes about 502; in the decision of 355; retrial of theory of king’s ownership of all i. !

385; stages in 297-298; third stage 189, 196, 495-496; trespasser buil- in, is adducing evidence 304 ; trans ding on I. of another without paying fer of, from one judge to another rent bad to leave materials to owner 386. when vacating 480-481.

Lawyers, existence of, in ancient India Land grants, were written on cloth or 288-290.

engraved on copperplates 307-308. Lea, author of ‘Superstition and Force’ Land Revenue Code (Bombay Act V 405n,

of 1879) 196, 441.

Lead, was supposed to destroy sorcerers Lankā, description of 180, 214.

213. Lanman, Dr. 770.

Legal Procedure, four stages of 297-298; Laski, Prof. H., author of ‘Grammar purpose of, is very high, viz. quest

of Politics’ 137.

of truth 247, Laugākṣi 588n, 692, 864, 9610.

Legge 183, 390. Lavaṇa, a demon 203.

Lekhapaācāśikā 225. Lavanaprasāda, & Vāghela king abdi- 1 Levi, M. Sylvain 9340,

cated in favour of his son Vira

Leviticus 3890, 425n. dhavala 102; made a treaty with Yadava king Singhaṇa 225.

Lex Talionis 388-389,

Law, Dr. N. N. 140, 67, 222.

Licchavis, Vesāli was capital of 90. Law, equality of all people before 819:

Lilāvati, & work 1229, 145n, 3700, differential treatment before 1, allow- 898.

ed only in exceptional cases and had Limitation, for claiming share when gone out of vogue at least from 12th cosbarer absent 635; law of, in century 398n; favours minors 328; ancient smrtis 408-410; law of, plays rule of, was the ideal of smrtis 3980, very small part in ancient smrtis 819; helps the vigilant 4650 ; sources 408; none applicable to pledges, from which the king was to find the deposits and property of minors, 1. 100; taking the i, into one’s owo idiots, the State, women and learned hands punishable 388, 408; two brāhmanas 409; periods of, laid schools of Hindu 544.

down by smrtis only in a few cases Law Quarterly Review 559, 560.

409-410; very short periods of, pre Laws, classification of, in moderd works

scribed by Marici in some cases 409, 266-267; affecting Hindu ideas and

Limitation Act (Indian) 325, 326, practices 821; conflict between som

3280, 635a. tric I. and usages 283,

Lingapurāṇa 40, 227, 892. Law-suits, adjourdment of 296; are Liquor, superintendent of 147.

either sapana or apana 263; bet. Litigant; grounds on which 1, became a wcon husband and wife, father and losing party 303, son, teacher and pupil, master and Livelihood, means of %60n..

III )

General Index

1047

Loan should not be given to minors, 965; touch of, forbidden to brāhmagas

slaves, women 413; time when 1. has

965. to be returned 425.

Māgha, author of Sisupālavadha 313n. Local administration 153-159.

Mahābhārata 2-4, 10, 18, 21, 28. 33, Lohābhilāra, meaning of 910-911.

53, 61, 68, 78, 87, 101, 103, 127, Lokāyata, meaning of 46-47; views 134, 152, 161, 168, 170-71, 180, 203,

ascribed to 470.

206, 208, 213-16, 226, 243, 353, 342, Lost property, owner of, bas to prove 609, 644, 708, 819n, 853, 860, 885,

title, possession and that he had not 888, 904-921; astronomical data abandoned, mortgaged or sold it 464; in 904-921; Machiavellian advice rights of owner of 465; rules about in 10-11; purpose of the composi 175-76, 464,

tion of 872; Sāntiparva of, deals Low castes, eighteen, that were beyond with rājadharma at length 2.

the pale of the four varṇas 285.

Mahābhārata war, date of 9028, Lummiai, village was exempted by Mahābhasva 38n. 46n, 88, 104, 135,

Asoka from the payment of bali tax

140n, 141n, 1440, 161, 183, 190, 190.

487, 499n, 541n, 5500. MacCrindle 89, 103, 115, 162-63, 183,

Mabaksatrapa. 49. 204, 308, 901.

Mahāmātras, are officers mentioned in

Asoka’s edicts 112. Machiavelli 10; holds that all men

Mahānandin, a king of the Saiśunāga are naturally wicked 238n.

dynasty 899. Madanapala, patron of the writer of

Mahāpadma (Nanda), 899. Madanapārijāta 793,

Mahāparinibbānasutta 90, 91, Madanapārijāta 569, 571, 5810, 587,

Mahānirvanatantra 559, 560. 6070, 616n, 6210, 623, 6560, 659,

Mahāprasthāna, meaning of, 939. 660n, 715a, 719, 721, 7290, 730-31, Mabārāstra. works of M. School of 750n, 755n, 781, 7900, 793, 870,

Hindu Law 545. 884, 9280, 929, 948, 960, 966; differs

Mahāsthāna (ancient Pundranagara ) from Subodhini 793.

164, Madaparatna (on vyavahāra) 247a, Mahāvagga 66, 90,246.

286, 2990, 330n, 333n, 3340, 344, Mahāvastu 91. 350n, 3540, 355n, 3720, 379n, 3820. Mabondra, as founder of rājasastra 2; 383n, 417n, 427, 464, 501, 5050, Indra became M. after slaying Vetra 5070, 512, 5170, 518n, 532, 536n, 65. 545–46, 5480, 5499, 5500, 552,553a, Maiden, became putrikā, according to 555, 568n, 569, 5718, 572n, 599,603, some, merely by father’s unexpress 605, 610n, 620, 623, 6250, 628n, 1 ed intention 658; brotherless m. 6290, 6510, 6560, 7090, 721, 729n, came back to her father’s house after 733n, 764, 7770, 779, 793n, 7970, marriage acc, to the Rgveda 658; 861, 9289, 929a, 930.

marriage of brotherless m. was diffi. Madhava 120, 713.

cult in Vedic age 658. Madhucchandas, son of Visvāmitra 663. Maide, Sir Henry, on ‘Early History Madhuparka, to whom offered 940,945. of Institutions’ 15; on Ancient Madras (see Dravida), School of Hindu Law’ 387.

Law 545.

Maintenance, debts of a man take Madras Debt Conciliation Act 425. precedence over his wife’s or widow’s Madya, meaning of 965; rules about right of 816; effect of unchastity on

drinking of 965-66; ten kinds of l right to 806-808 ; liability of manager

1048

(Vol.

that

of joint family as to 804-805: patita theory of, is set out in relation to and his son not entitled to 805 ; an ambitious king 218; the element persons excluded from inberitance of truth in theory of 222; to keep or partition are entitled to 611, 805 ; balance of power among several persons that are entitled to m, even States was the central idea of the when a man has no property 803-804; theory of 222. right of concubine to 810-815 ; soa Māndavya, story of 2550 ; though not of a dvija from a sūdra concubine i a thief said through fear of torture entitled to 808-809; sons of pratiloma that he was a thief 255, 357, 521. unions were entitled to 618, 808 ; Mandlik. 1970, 677n. two grounds on which liability to Manimekbalai, a work 164, provide m. arises 803,

Mantra, has five elements 111; is the Maitrāyaniyaparisista 653.

root of victory 111.

Maitri Upadisad 66.

Mantraśakti 171. Majority Act (Indian) 574, 667, 674,

Mantrin (see under minister). 6992.

Manu, composed science of Artba 6; Majority, age of, was sixteen, acc. to Prācetasa, an expounder of rāja

Nārada 395n.

Śāstra, ‘2, 4. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. 82, 158, 159, Manu, Vaivasvata was made king by

641, 934n.

Brahmā 34; Vaivasvata was made Malamisatattva 8700.

king by the people 21, 31, 52. Mālavas, oligarchy of 68; were defeated Manu, divided his wealth among his

by Samudragupta 89.

sons 543, 622, Malavikāgnimitra 70, 102, 109, 116, Manusmrti is authoritative for all

269, 407,

people 833 ; pre-eminent position of Mallinātha 490, 229n, 252n.

868. Mamalāhāra, modern Māval in Poona Manusmrti 6-9, 17-23, 25-27, 32, 36,

District 139.

38, 49, 42-44, 48, 51-54, 56-61, 71, Māmsatattvaviveka of Viśvanātha 928n, 80, 83, 85, 95-98, 100, 102, 104-109,

115, 118-121, 123,127-129n, 132-34, Mānasollasa (same as Abhilasitārtha- 137, 141-42, 146n, 150, 154, 158,

cintamani) 13, 19, 21, 44, 46, 54, 1 161, 165-67, 170-72, 175-76, 178, 106, 107, 109, 111, 118, 127, 133,

179, 181, 184-86, 190-92, 194-96, 141, 174, 179, 188, 191, 192, 197-98, 199, 205, 208-12, 216, 217, 221-22, 200-201, 203n, 206, 208, 212, 224, i 224, 228, 237, 242-45, 247-48, 251, 227, 242, 250, 251, 271-72, 400, 257, 261, 268, 270-74, 276–77, 280, 541, 881,

284-85, 295-96, 298-299, 303, 307, Mānavagṛhyasūtra 641n, 856.

3120, 315, 317, 320, 326-27, 330-34, Mānavas, school of, on Arthasāstrā 2, 336-37, 342-44, 347, 351, 353, 355,

48, 106.

358-61, 363, 369n, 382, 384-87, 389 Mandala (meaning ‘country’), extent

3939, 394-398n, 400-409, 412, 418, of 138-139.

420-23, 428–29, 437-4390, 440, 443, Mandala (interstate relations) 217; 447, 4490, 451-458, 460, 462-64,

different views concerning the number 469, 4710, 472, 478, 484, 486, 489, of elements that go to make up 221 ; 1 491-92, 498-509, 5110, 512, 514 four categories that are the basis of 528, 5320-38, 548, 550n, 551-53, the theory of 220 ; ’theory of 217-222; 555-56, 558, 563, 566, 570-72, 574, theory of, is related the theory of 576-580, 582, 584, 586n, 589n, 595 saktis and the six gunas 222; 599, 601, 6020, 6050, 606, 610-11,

ut.

M

General Index

1049

613, 615, 617-19, 621, 623-24, 626- 28, 630, 634-36, 640-642, 644-46, 648n-655, 657.58, 660, 663-64, 666, 672, 675, 677-78, 686, 690, 691n-92, 694-95, 699n, 700, 702, 7030, 706, 710n, 712, 714, 718-21, 725, 727, 731, 733, 734,736, 741, 743, 746-49, 752, 753n, 754n, 759,762-764n, 766, 769-71, 773, 776n, 777-79, 787-90, 792n, 794, 797, 803-808, 814-15, 825n-27, 8338, 837, 839, 841, 848, 851n, 852, 854, 856, 857, 858n, 859 862, 863-64, 865-66, 868-871, 873 877, 879, 881, 883, 885, 8879, 890 92, 927, 931-34, 937-39, 941-43,

945 n. 947, 952-5, 958-60, 963-965. Manvantaras, extent of 891. Marici, smrti of 306, 326, 409, 465. Mārkandeya-purāṇa 3, 13, 24, 53, 62.

134-35, 137, 170, 237, 239, 255n,

534, 747, 857, 890. Marriage, customs as to 879-880 ; son

of anuloma m, held to be aurasa by the Mitākṣarā 656; with brotherless maiden disapproved of in the Rgveda and in some smrtis 658; with girl who is a sapinda, sagotra or sapra. vara is void, acc. to Mit. 837–38; with materaal uncle’s daughter 876–77, 932 ; with paternal aunt’s

daughter 932. Marshall, Sir John, author of ‘Mohenjo

daro 180 Marumakkatayam Law 560. Maruts, seven 358. Māga, equal to 16th or 20th part of

pana 121n, 420n; of silver was equal

to 2 raktikās 1210, 420a. Maskaria, a commentator of Gautama

Dh, 9, 12to, Master and servant (see under ‘herds

man’) 476-484; care required of servant as to utensils of m. 477 ; liability of m, for improper acts of servant 481, 484; liable to fine if he does not pay servant’s wages 478; liable to fine if he abandons a servant that is tired or ill on a journey 480 ; pro visions for servant’s falling ill after

132

undertaking some work for m, 478; servant not doing work after receiv. ing wages was liable to fine and to compensate m. 477-478; time when wages may be paid 476; wbat was to be paid to s. when no wages

settled before band 476-77. Mātrdatta 6850. Matsyapurāṇa 3, 9, 13, 179, 180, 22

24, 30, 40, 51-53, 59-60, 67, 83, 84, 86, 104, 105, 108, 1129, 117, 126n, 127, 133, 135, 160-61, 170, 172, 174, 175, 179, 181, 190, 226-27, 315, 355, 385, 389n, 401, 403, 406, 4740, 478, 481, 500, 508-509,512,521,524,528, 533-34, 642, 741, 890, 892, 895n. 896n, 8970, 899-900, 902, 905n,

923-24, 932, 956. Mattavilāsa-prahasana 276. Mauryas, conferred a boon on traders

that for certain offences they were not to be sentenced to death 390 : founded images for public worship

for the sake of wealth 124n, 188n. Mausalaparva 897. Mavjee and Parasais 377. Maxim, about the respective scopes

of rule and exception 796n; caveat emptor 492; circumstances cannot lie 357; conventional sense to be preferred to etymological sense 780n; de minimis non curat lex 300; omnia praesumuntur contra spoliatorem 305, 348n; of bhūta. bhavyasamuccarana 695; of brāh mana and śramana 38; of crow’s eye 84in; of ekavākyatā 443 ; of

dvayoḥ pranayanti’ 704-705 ; of gobalivarda 1470, 355, 526, 732; of mātsyasyāya 21, 238; of recoo ciliation of apparently conflicting texts 322; of same word not to be used in a literal and a secondary sepse in the same sentence or con text 7250 ; of sarvasāktāpratyaya 870; of uninvited persons being placed at the end of a row 718-719, 731; what is not dissented from may be taken as approved 669.

1050

(Vol.

MaxMūller 16, 306, 933n.

which m. should be consulted 110 ; Maya, on the constituents of Mandala necessity of 104 ; number of, varied

106; of two classes, advisory and Māyā (an ubaya), illustrations of 172.

executive 105; often rose from low Mayamata, a work on Vastusastra 1820, birth 116; opinions of absent m. to Mayne, on ‘Hindu Law’ 660, 7570. be secured in writing 109; qualifica Mayūkbamālikā, com, on Sāstradipika tions of 107-108 ; second out of

828n, 833n, 836n, 844n.

seven elements of rūjya 104 ; to be Measures, differed in different countries chosen from the three higher varṇas

and at different times 146n, 500n. 108; to be hereditary, if ability Medhātithi, com. of Manusmrti, 7-8, exists 108; view of the majority of,

20, 250, 37-40, 58, 59, 85, 95, 98, to prevail 109, 100, 107, 1299, 150, 162, 165-66, Minor, age up to which a person was 170, 176, 178, 192, 196, 210, 222, deemed to be 573-74 ; person under 242, 248, 280, 295, 322, 325, 330, taking to be guardian of, has to take 337n, 338, 344, 363, 383, 390, 392n, as much care of property of m, as of 3980, 406, 429, 4430, 4647, 469, his own 460 ; property of, to be 471n, 486, 488, 518, 5500, 557 guarded by king 165. 586n, 598, 6050, 619, 627, 653, 654a,

Minority, age of, determined by old 6589, 675, 706, 714, 718, 720, 734n, Hindu Law even now in marriage, 7640, 771, 777, 779, 788n, 803, 828, dower, divorce, and adoption 574 ; 8300, 831, 8510, 852, 854, 857n,

terminated after 15 or 16, acc, to 859, 8600, 863, 865, 8680, 870-72, different authorities 164, 573-74.

874.875, 892, 927, 937, 9420, 958n. | Mint, superintendent of 144. Megasthenes (on India in MacCrindle’s

Misarumisra, ‘author of Vivādacandra work) 115, 162-63, 180, 183, 192,

246. 197, 203-04, 206, 210, 243, 308, 390, 403, 418, 901.

Miscbiel, to property punished with

fines 516, Mehta, Mr, R. N. 31. Mihirakula, a ruthless Hūṇa invader,

Mitāksarā, is predominant in the whole

of India except in Bengal 544 ; school 924n; conquered by Yasodharman

of, divided into four sub-schools 544 925n.

545; theory of Buddbist influence Milinda, questions of 289-90, Mimārsā. (see under Jaimini and

on, examined 640-641; variance

between the doctrines of the Daya Pūrvamimamsa) 550, 694, 704, 725;

bhāga and the Mit. 558-559 ; view is concerned with the investigation of dharma 838

of, that ownership arises in the son Mimarisākaustubha, a work 8470,

and grandson by birth 546-557. 8510, 854n.

Mitākṣarā, com, on Yājūavalkyasmrti, Minakshi, Dr. 31, 82.

7-8, 10, 44, 48, 119, 120n, 121, 123, Mines, everything dug up from, belongs

124, 128, 1290, 1327, 139, 160, 167, to king 144, 196; king was to guard

173, 175-76, 195, 209, 219-220, 223, all 196-197; superintendent of 196.

242, 247, 2480, 251n, 260n, 261, 263a, Ministers, change of portfolios among

268, 271n, 272, 2730, 274, 280, 286, 114 ; council of 107; duty of, to

287n, 291-93, 299, 300n, 301-02, prevent king from following evil 304-06, 309-11, 314-15, 318–19,321, course 109; eight, appointed by 323, 325, 328, 3340, 338n, 339-41n, Shivaji 106; faults that disqualify 342, 3446, 346–50, 352, 358, 360n, persons from being 107 ; matters in / 3630, 3649, 365, 366A, 368, 3720,

III )

General Index

1051

373, 380-81, 383, 385, 394-95, 397, Monopoly, of kings as to elepbants, 4020, 408, 410n, 424, 426-4290, 430, saffron &c. 197. 432, 435-4370, 438n, 439n, 442n, Month, whether it ended with Full 4438, 444, 4470, 4480, 459n, 4620, Moon or Amāvāsyā 906. 4638, 464, 470n, 471n, 4820, 487-89, Montriou, W. A. on ‘The Hindu will 4910, 494n, 495, 497, 499n, 500n. in Bengal’ 8180. 501n, 5020, 504, 506, 513-15, 517-18, Morals, theory of progressive deteriora 521, 5238, 524, 525n, 531, 545.46, tion in 886. 548-50n, 551, 553, 554n, 556-57, Mortgage (see under ‘pledge’, ’transac 560-63, 567, 569-70, 573, 575n, 576- tion’); creditor fined as a thief it 77, 579, 5810, 583a, 536-88, 592n,

he did not allow redemption, when 593, 595n, 596, 601, 603, 605, 609, debtor has the right and is ready 610n, 612, 613n, 614, 616n, 617, to redeem 433 ; particulars such as 619, 622-23, 627, 629-30, 634n, boundaries must be given in deed of 635n, 637, 639-41, 647n, 650n, 6510, 431; redemption of, on the death or 653, 6540, 656, 659-60, 664, 677-78, in the absence of mortgagee 435 ; 685a, 690n, 701-703n, 704, 706, submortgage, not allowed by some 7079, 708, 711, 7140, 715, 718-19, 429; when executant of m. may 721, 725, 727, 731-32, 734, 737n, lose his ownership 433-34 ; when 748, 742, 743, 747-48, 750–53, 755, holder of m. can sell property for 760, 762-68, 7719, 773, 7740, 775, recovery of dues either privately or ‘7760, 780, 7850, 787, 7900, 792-94, through court 434; when redemption

7980, 801, 803, 807, 809, 811, 813- of, can be secured 433–34. 15, 823, 827n, 828. 857n, 863-64,

Mother, cannot be legally abandoned 866, 868-879,974,378,882, 931, 933.

by son, though she be patita 613n, 941-43, 947-48, 951,955, 9589, 959, 804, 948; divergent views about the 961, 965, 970

right of m, to a share ou partition Mitramiśra, com. of Yājṅavalkya 8640,

605-606; does not include step 867n, 873, 881.

mother in the matter of inheritance Miecchas, came to see Yuddhisthira’s

724; entitled to a share when her Rājasūya 937; dwelt on all borders

sons or stepsons come to a partition of Bharatavarṣa 67; paid tribute to

but she cannot compel partition , Bhima 232; sprang from Anu, son

605; inheriting to her son takes a , of Yayāti 937.

limited estate 723 ; Madras High Mohenjo-daro, excavations at 180, 307;

Court does not allow a share to a m. walls found at, were built with burnt bricks 180.

on partition 606; preferred to the Monarchy, did not descend to eldest

father as an heir to her deceased son, it he suffered from defects 43 ;

son by the Mit, and some other hereditary m. was the norm of

works 721-22. goveroment in ancient and medieval Mrcchakaṭika 1211, 255n, 271, 275, India 87, 235; order of succession

277, 279, 290, 293n, 344.45, 357,362, to 42-43; was generally hereditary 389, 391, 399, 407, 456. and descended by the rule of primo- | Mpttikāvati 108. geniture 41-42.

Muhūrtas, fifteen of the day and 15 of Money-leading ( see ‘interest’); called the night 9070.

kusīda and vārdhușa 417; was not | Mūla, śānti for birth on 966. condemned when interest was charg- Mulla, Sir D. F. on Hindu Law’ ed at sth of the principal per month 418.

Mundakopapisad 888. , ,1052

[Vol

Musicians, and actors were not to take 867, 868, 882-83, 885, 932, 934,

excessive gifts or indulge in extrava- 936, 952. gant praise of patrons 253.

Nāradiya-purāṇa 656n, 892, 8930, 928, Nābhānediṣtha, story of 543, 545.

939, Nāgaraka, duties of 149, 406.

Narasimha, avatāra of Viṣṇu 214. Nāgasona 108.

Nārāyaṇa commentator of Āśv. śr. 685n, Nahusa 52-53, 55, 845.

856n; commentator of Manusmrti Naigama, meaning of 487.

714; commentator of Aśv. gr. 879. Naikins, adoption of girls by 972.

Nationality, merits and defects of Nala 53, 55.

sentiment of 137-138. Nambudri brāhmaṇas 657.

Nationhood, sentiment of, how far Nanabhai Haridas, Mr. Justice 591n.

prevalent in ancient India 136-138. Nana Phadnis 386.

Nayaviveka of Bhavanātha 5500, 555a. Nanaghat Inscription 66.

Nibandha, meaning of 575n. Nānaka, 121n,

Nibandhanakāra, a writer 258. Naadana, com. of Manusmrti 587, Nietzsche 215n.

7740, 875.

Nīlakantha, commentator of Maba Nanda Pandita 192, 403,684, 717, 727, bhārata 161n, 202, 2210, 650, 8930,

9080, 911n, 9120, 913, 914n, 917, Nandas, Mabāpadma, the first of 900 ; | Nilakantha, author of Nitimayūkha and

one of, was killed by Cānakya 86.

Vyavabāramayūkba 13, 6100, 668, Nārada, author of work on politics 70.

722, 878. Nārada, is a thoroughgoing advocate Nilakantha Sāstri, Prof, K. A., author

of the theory of divine right of kiogs of ‘Studies in Cola history and 35-36.

Pandyan kingdom’ 156, 196, 400n, Nārada, smrti of, 3, 9, 17, 23, 27, 33, Nimi 52.

35, 57, 95, 98, 121n, 123, 1460, 158, Nirājanā, the rite of waving lights be 1599, 166-67,187, 189, 195, 206, 242- fore armies, horses, elephants, wea. 46, 248, 250, 257, 259, 2600, 262-64, pons &c. 230-231, 910n, 911. 269-76, 278, 2799, 280, 286-2880, Nirnayasindhu 236, 545, 615, 626n, 289n, 291-94, 296, 299-305n, 306, 627, 6570, 6680, 669, 679n, 680, 308, 309-15, 317-18, 320, 322, 327, 6888, 692, 696, 697, 739, 750, 873, 330-334, 337-39, 3420, 343, 346- 878, 910n, 911, 926, 928n, 929n, 3500, 351, 354, 356-59, 362-68, 370, 930, 9310, 938, 940, 944-45, 950, 372n, 373–74, 376a, 379-80, 382- | 960-61, 963-964. 83, 385-86, 388-89, 394-96, 402- Nirukta 28, 41, 104, 164, 276, 415, 404, 408-409, 413, 416-18, 420- 5190, 541, 543n, 544, 612, 641, 22, 425-28, 431, 433, 4340, 435-36, 6570, 658, 714, 754, 845, 863, 8868, 438, 440, 442-43, 445, 4460, 447, 889. 4490-52, 454-58, 460, 462-63, 466- Nigada, (same as Pārasava) 599. 67, 469, 471-72, 474, 476-92, 497- Niscalapuri, an adept in Tāntric rites 502, 504-505, 507, 509-16, 519-26, 81. 528, 533-36, 538-40, 545, 552, 555- Nitimayūkba of Nilakantha, 13, 38, 48, 56, 567-69, 572-73, 5778, 580, 582, 72, 74, 750, 79-810, 82, 170, 584, 590, 592, 595, 598, 605, 610- 217, 227. 11, 6170, 621, 623-25, 6340, 638, Nitiprakāsikā 4, 13, 60, 62, 1120, 205, 640, 643-44, 650-652n, 660, 663,1 208, 214. 6650, 703n, 706, 709, 714, 747, 749, Nitisāra (sec under ‘Kamandakiya 762, 773, 790, 803a, 804, 810, 816, aitisāra also ), 5, 6, 8.

III

General Index

1053

Nitiśāstra, meaning of 8. Nitivākyāmrta, 19, 43, 47n, 50-51, 69,

85-86, 105, 107-08, 110-1130, 119n, 128n, 133, 166, 171, 1720, 174, 179,

203n, 217-18, 220n, 221, 232, 240, Nivartana. extent of 141n ; why so

called 145n. Niyoga, practice of, condemned by

Āpastamba 644; practice of, prohibit

ed in Kali age 627, 814. Non-conformists, harsh laws against, in

England 547a. Nļga, story of king 243, 296. Nṛsimhapurāṇa 892, 923-24. Nuisances, rules for preventing, on

public roads and near private

houses 508, Nyāsa (deposit) 454-455. Nyāyasudhā, com. on Tantravārtika

8280, 8370, 843n, 847, 851n, 852n. Nyāyasūtra 46n, 5890, Oaths, special, how taken 360 ; special,

taken by Vasiṣtha and others 359 ;

· were taken not only in judicial

proceedings but also in ordinary

dealings 358. Oaths Act (Indian) 344n. Offenders, had to pay fine to king and

bear expenses of medical help and

food of the injured 516. Officers, emoluments of, in charge of a

village, ten villages &c. 150-151 ; forty ways of embezzlement of Govt. money by 144 ; grades of 113; high, different at different times 111-112 ; king not to side with o. but with the people 114 ; liability of, to catch thieves and make good loss 1, 167 ; pay of 113, 120 ; pensions and gratuities to, provided by Kautilya 152 ; qualifications of o. of several departments 142; rules about casual leave, sick leave and peaṣion after 40 years’ service for 152 ; special functions of certain high 114,; tak ing bribes were deprived of wealth and banished 161 ; ten principal o, of the king 113; transfer of 152;

very high salaries paid to high 152

153 Oldenberg 229n. Oligarchies in ancient India 87;

became rare after the 5th or 6th

century A.D. 89. Oliver Twist, by Dickens 60. Oppert, Dr, 213. Ordeals (see under ‘divya’); all

allowed to all castes, except poison which was not for brābmanas 365 • all, to be administered by Chief Justice in the presence of king,

sabhyas and brābmanas 367 : are to b e resorted to only when none of the human means of proof are possible or available 304-05, 363; brief history of 361-362; by whom not to be undergone 365 ; Candaladevi, a Raṭṭa queen, underwent the ordeal of striking a snake in a jar 366n ; Dharma, the principal deity in the procedure of 368 ; earliest reference to, in. Pancavimisa Brābmana and Chandogya Upanisad 362; generally end in immediate decision 358; generally to be administered to defendant 364, 365; may be admi nistered to any litigant by mutual agreement 364 ; mentioned in epi graphic records 376-77; of balance, description of 369-70, 3760 ; of balance to be administered to minors, women, very old men, the blind, the cripple, the diseased and brāhmanas 365; of balance, fire, poison and water to be administered in claims of over 1000 panas and in charges of treason and of a grave sio 365; of dharma described 375; of fire, des cribed 370-71, 3760; of kosa, allowed in all claims of whatever value 365 ; of kosa, described 373 74 ; of phala 375; of poison, des cribed 372-73; of snake in the jar 367 ; of taadula 374 ; of taptamāṣa 374-75 ; of water, described 371-72, 376; of water and poison had gone out of vogue in the age of the

1054

[ Vol.

Smrticandrikā, 371; persons of higher castes to be treated as Sūdras in o. if they follow profession of cowherds, traders, artisans, domestic servaats 365 ; persons who could undergo o, through deputies 366; pre valence of, in judicial systems of most countries in ancient times 375-76; procedure common to all 368-69 : proper place for o, 367-68; proper times and seasons for several 367; to be administered to mlecchas, un touchables, slaves, offspring of sankara are those customary among them 366; undergone by Mahomedan litigants under Maratha rule 378; were in vogue during Maratha rule 377-78; when not to be administered to certain persons 365-366; when optional with buman meads of proof

· 305. Ornaments; ordinarily worn by members

of a joint family and their wives were not to be divided at a partition 587, 596; property of women in 771,

777. Ortolan, author of ‘History of Roman

Law’ 389n, 4410. Othello 533. Outcast (see under .patita’); excluded

from inheritance or partition 610 611; son of, excluded from share or

inheritaace 611. Ownership; arises, acc. to Gautama, in

five ways in the case of all castes 317, 548; arises by birth in the case of sons, grandsons, and great-grand sons 552-554; eight modes of acquir ing. acc. to Vasistha 317; exact definition of, is difficult 554 ; how partition is a source of 549n; is of various kinds 554; long possession is not expressly mentioned as source of o. in ancient works 317; mode of transferring o. is by transfer of posse ssion 319; of coparcenary proprety under Mitāksarā 561; reasons for the 1 view that o. arises from partition 552-553; spocial sources of o, among

brāhmanas and the other castes 317; to be distinguished from mere possos sion 554 ; whether understood from

sāstra alone 448-451. Oxen, bow many were to be yoked to a

plough 150n. Padas, 32, of which the king could take

cognisance without a person’s com

plaint 265. Padmavati 108. Pala, was equal to 320 raktikās 121. Pala, dynasty of Bengal, founded by

Gopāla 30. Palace, gate of, should face south 1 ;

had dancing halls 180; had seven or eight storeys 180; measurements of, acc. to Br̥hatsambitā 180; posi tion and extent of king’s 181 ; should

bc in the centre of the capital 1. Palaka, a king 399, Palibothra (vide Pāṭaliputra) 204. Pallava, dynasty in South India 31,

69, 162, 890, Pana, is ordinarily of copper 121; of

80 or 100 raktikās 1210 ; weight and

value of 120ff. Paucasiddhāntikā 889, 895, 898, Pañcatantra 5, 8, 25, 78, 111, 160n,

161, 1718, 178, 949n. Pañcavimsa Brāhmaṇa 361. Panchayats 280-281, Pandavas, army of 204 ; started on the

Great Journey in the Himalaya 939. Pandita, supplanted purohita in course

of time 126. Pandu (see under Dhṛtarāṣtra) 55,

68, 609, Panini 19, 38n, 46n, 47n. 66, 88, 1170,

1249, 125n, 134, 1400, 1419, 1441, 1450, 156, 183, 190, 330, 415, 434n, 435, 454n, 487, 491n, 494n, 541, 544, 5500, 551, 5551, 5810, 660, 685n, 707, 7220, 726, 734, 7540, 762n,

7740, 775n, 852n, 936. Pannalal, on ‘Kumaun local customs’

675, 684. Parāśara, author of a work on astrology

and astronomy 906n, 916, 917, 9190.

ILI 1

General Index

1055

Parāśara, author on Arthasāstra 2. Pārijāta, a work, 5810, 589n, 625n, 656, Parāśara, author of a work in prose 660, 686, 7840; different from

7150, 718.

Madanapārijāta 581n. . Pārāsaras, school of 2, 83, 233.

Pariksit, grandson of Arjuna 900. Parāsara, smrti of, 58, 124n, 185n, 211, 1 Pāriplava 415.

432n, 646n, 668, 703n, 791, 869, Parnāla parvata-grabanākhyāna of 892, 935, 942-44, 946–47, 949, Jayarāma 925. 952, 956,

Partition (see ‘father’, ‘grandmother’, Parāśara-Madlaviya, 38, 124n, 185n, ‘mother’, ‘son’); chief matters to

247, 258n, 259n, 260-61, 263-265n,

be discussed under, are four 563 ; 270n, 275n, 277–78, 281, 282n, 283,

Dāyabhāga admits only two times 284n, 285n, 286n, 287n, 292, 297.99,

for 567-568; definition of 560-561 ; 302, 303n, 305n, 311, 314-15, 317,

definition of p. by Dayabhāga criticiz 326n, 328, 3310, 336n, 3370, 341n, ed by Dāyatattva 561 ; divergence 342n, 345n, 346n, 3470, 348n, 354n,

of views about giving a share to un 355n, 357n, 358n, 366n, 367, 379n,

married sisters at a partition 619-20: 380n, 383n, 385n, 38611, 387n, 410n, evidence of 638; four times for, 412n, 4191, 421, 4240, 426n, 429,

acc. to Madanapārijāta 569; general 431, 4320, 434n, 438n, 439n, 4410, rule that p. once made is final 634 ; 442n, 445a, 4490, 451n, 455n, 456n, grandmother’s right to a share at 457n, 4580, 460n, 462n, 463n, 4640, 607-608 ; grounds of exclusion from 465n, 466n, 468n, 472n, 473n, 477n, 608-616; in certain cases allowed 478n, 4791, 480n, 483n, 491n, 499n, acc, to patoibhāga 607; in the sense 501, 505n, 506n, 5100, 5140, 516n, of mere severance of interest may 521, 527n, 529n, 531n, 532n, 533n, take place by mere unilateral declara. 539n, 540n, 545-46, 549, 551, 553n.

tion of one member 562 ; minority 556n, 5800, 5810, 582n. 585n, 586n, of a coparcener was no bar to 593a, 599, 607n, 609n, 620n, 621n, 573; mother’s right to a share 623n, 6280, 636n, 642, 709, 712, sat 605-606; no share allowed to 713n, 715n, 721n, 733n, 755n, 763 n, unmarried sisters in modern times, 769n, 772a, 7770, 779n, 780n, 782, but only marriage expenses 620 ; 7830, 790n, 791, 793, 800n, 810n, of concealed property 635-637; per 8568, 862n, 8670, 870, 877, 884-85, stirpes, explained 569-70, 632-634 ;

927, 928n, 929, 939n, 943n, 944, provision for marriage expenses of Pārasava son (same as saudra) 599. unmarried sisters 619; provision for Pārasikas, custom of marrying one’s

satīskāras of brothers 619; proposi own mother among 850n.

tions about 631; re-opening of, Pāraskara 791,

when allowed 634-636, 617, 618; Paraskara.gghyasūtra 828n, 856, 866,

right of absent coparcener to claim 880.

634-635; rule that all soos divide Parasurāma, enjoyed earth for a long

equally irrespective of whether they

· time by conquest of six evil tenden.

are sons of different mothers 607 ; cies 53.

rule of equal division between father Parasurāmapratāpa, a work, 146, 179, and son or brothers favoured by

1890, 196, 215.

most smrtis 623 ; safeguarding Pargiter, author of ‘Dynasties of the

minor’s share at a p. 573 ; son’s right Kali age’ 900, 925n.

to demand partition from father took Paribbāsāprakasa (part of Viramitro- ages to evolve 563-564 ; son’s right

daya) 8400, 865n, 8720, 873n, 881. to partition encouraged from reli

1056

I Vol.

gious sentiments 571-72; son’s right | Patni, meaning of 707, to p, in father’s lifetime existed even | Patriarchal family, father’s powers in in Vedic age 564-565; three main times for, according to Mitāksarā Paunarbhava, a subsidiary son 661 ; 568-569; time for 563ff; two senses definition of 648. viz. division by metes and bounds Paura-jānapada 93-95. and severance of interest only 562 ; Penal Code (Indian), 300, 395, 473n, under Dāyabbāga no p. can be claim- 479n, 512n, 513, 518n, 523n, 529n,

ed as long as father is alive 569. 531n, 532n, Partition Act (Indian) 586n,

People (see under ‘subjects’); also Partnership 466-470; ancient dharma- spoken of collectively as Viṣṇu 25 ;

sūtras are silent about 469; duties calamities of, have graver conse. of partners in 466-67; liabilities of quences than those of the capital 233; partners in a 466 ; Manu extends the

protection of, consists in preventing rules about distribution of fees

external and internal aggression 56; among sacrificial priests to partners

protection of, highest duty of ruler in 469; qualifications of partners in 56. 467-468; rights of partoers in 467

Perjury, eotailed secular and also other 468; shares of artisans in profits of

worldly consequences 351. p. 468.

Peshwa’s Diaries 377. Partnership Act (Indian) 4670.

Philosophy, purpose of all branches of Parvan days 7370.

Indian is the quest of truth 247. Pārvana śrāddba 737.

Physicians, punished with fines for Passage ( see ‘way’) 737.

being careless or for not imforming Passports, superintendent of 149.

officers in serious cases 149. Past, diametrically opposite views Pigeons, employed to carry official

about 244.

letters 149. Pastures, superintendent of 149; pro

Pilgrimages to distant places, forbidden vided round villages and towns 161,

in Kali for brāhmagas 953. 499-500. Pāśaliputra, administration of, as des

Pindas (see under srāddha) cribed by Megasthenes 183 ; had a

Piprahva vase, writing on 307.

Pisuna, author of a work on rājasāstra wall of wooden palisades 180; Patan.

2, 83, 233. jali’s references to 183. Patañjali, author of Mahābhāṣya 460,

Pisunaputra, a writer 2. 88, 124, 1250, 144n, 183.

Pitāmaba, smrti of 262-63, 265-66, Pathak, Prof. K. B. 9240,

269, 281-82, 285, 288, 291, 296, 318, Patita (see under partition); being p. 1

327, 362-65, 367, 369n, 3720, 373, entailed loss of estate or inheritance

379, 862.. only if no prāyaścitta was performed Piṭāmabasiddhānta 889. . 5470, 615; daughter of p, was not Pitrgātbās, from Matsyapurāṇa 642. treated as p. 616; gbatasphoṭa for Plaint (see under ‘pleadings’); con outcasting a p. 610n; 615; son of tents of 293-294; faults in 299; p. was excluded from partition or reasons which make a p. unaccepta. inheritance and even maintenance ble 299; rules about amendment of 611, 616-17; who was p. 6128 ; 293 ; rules about preference, when women, even if they performed no several persons present p.’ at same prāyaścitta, were not to be cast on the time 298; ten details of a p. about streets, but were to be given maia- immovable property 293-94 ; various tenance 615,

sanskrit words for 292; was written

IDI

General Inder

1057

down with all delails when defendant 1 owners 327 ; one who pleaded inere appeared 292.

possession and no title was deemed Plato, approved of slavery unreserved. a thief 318; periods of adverse p.

ly 150; author of ‘Republic’ 50; that gave rise to ownership acc, to author of ‘Laws’ 114n, 244n; end of ! different writers 323 ; principal mode State was good life, acc. to 237.

of transfer was delivery of 319; Plea, of former judgment how proved! some texts prescribe for loss of

ownership short periods of 325-326; Pledge izdhi); classification of, acc. to was nine points of law in ocien

Nārada and Bṛhaspati 428; duty of

India 431. person who accepts a p. to take pro- Power, corrupts a man 114. per care 432-33; debtor is respon Prabandhacintamani 198, 283. sible for tlie loss of 432-433 ; genern! Prabhākara, a writer on Mimāmsā, 550; rule that a p. to be enjoyed carried was called Guru 53Gn. no interest 430; if p, lost or deterio | Prabhakaravardhana 63. rates without any fault of the · Pradestr, an officer 252. creditor, debtor to bear the loss. Pradhan, Dr.. author of Clironology 432-33 ; person making a p. of the of Ancient India,‘925n. same thing to two different people i l’radvivāka 272. was punished 432; subject of p. is : Prajapati, smrti of 369n, 479, 495, lost if not redeemed within the period 571n, 586, 712, 738, 926. of grace 429; three rules of Yājõa. Prajāpati. story of 845. valkya about 428-29; what is Prajnapanopanga, a Jain work 140n. sapratyaya p. 430.

Prakāśa, a work 568n, 588n, 605n. Pliny 901.

Prakirnaka, meaoing of, 251 ; meaning Poison, effects of, on various birds 84, of, acc, to Kautilya 258. Poisoned food and fire 84.

Pramati Bhargava, an avatāra of Poisoning of kings, measures against Viṣṇu,’ will uproot mlecchas and

83,

heretics at end of Kali, 9.25. Pollard, author of ‘Conscience and Prāna, a hymn 75.

liberty’ 547n.

Pran Natlı, Dr. 134n, 140n. Pollock 554, 555.

Pratibhū, see linder ‘surely’. Portents, in the heavens, sky and on Pratijñā-yaugandharayana, a play 2119.

the earth before an invasion 227. 1 Pratimā, a nātaka 78,377n, Possession (see under ’title’); adverse Pratinidhi (substitute), rules as to, ia

p. against minors and others 328; the Mimamsā 654-655. divergence of views about the rela- | Pratyakalita 260. tion of title to 317; exception to the Pravāhana, Jaivali, a king, asked rule of loss of owoership, by long Svetaketu five questions 92. 327; for three generations without Pravaradhyāya 686. break prevails over bare title 319 ; | Pravaramanjari 692. long p. not mentioned in ancient Pravarasena, a Vākāṭaka enneror who works as a source of ownership 317; performed four Aśvamedhas 70. meaning of tripurusa p. 318; mean- Prayascitta, for murder depended on ing of loag p. 320-321; must have caste of murderer and of the murder. five characteristics in order to be ed 528 ; for woman raped 532 ; for valid 318; of agnates and cognates adultery 946-47, is not decessarily adverse 326; of Prayascittatattva, 928. one co-owner is ordinarily for all co. Prāyascittaviveka 9480.

133

1058

History of Dharmı nara

| Vol.

Pre-emption, right of, allowed in favour

of brothers, sapindas, sagotras, neighbours &c. 496. Price, inadequacy of, how determined

493. Priests, distribution of fees among 16

sacrificial 470n; three kinds of

sacrificial 469, Primogeniture, in succession to zamiz.

dari or raj 631. Princes, went to famous seats of learn.

ing for study 50. Prisoners, set free on coronation 80. Prisons Act (Indian) 403. Private defence (see under ‘ātatayin);

right of, as to person and property 517-18; right of, should not be exercised if there is time to report

to king’s officers 517. Prize-Gighting (see under samāhvaya’). Proof, circumstantial evidence as 356-

357 ; comparative strength of the several means of 306; divinc mcans of, are ordeals 304 ; divine means of, when employed 363-364 ; humzo means of, are documents, witnesses and possession 304 ; means of, are either human or divine 304 ; means .of, appropriate to several kinds of

disputes 305-306; of part of claim may in some cases be held p. of whole claim 348n ; rules about variation

between pleadings and p. 347–349. Property, (see under ‘self acquired

property’, ‘separate property ‘); ancestral p., explained 576; diverg eace of views as to concealment of joint p. by one co-owner being theft 636-637; impartible by its very nature 585-590; is of two kinds, movable and immovable 490, 574 ; is of three kinds, land, nibandha and movable 574-575; joint family P… what is 576 ; may be joint family or separate, 576; no distinction between ancestral and separate under Dayabhāga as to alienation 576 ; persons that acquire by birth an interest in ancestral p. 576; rules

about partition of joint p. concealed by cosharer 636-637; separate pe

includes self-acquisitions 576. Prostitutes, a fifth caste acc. to Mitāk

sarā 801 ; do not sever tie of blood, acc, to modern decisions 801 ; rules

about persons visiting p. 481-482. Province, administration of, io a State

141-142 ; each p. kept a record of good and bad events 143n; Governor

of p. was called Uparika 141. I’rtba, adopted by Kuntibhoja 675. Prthu, levelled the earth 183 ; oath

administered to 33; secured king dom through vinaya 52 ; Viṣṇu

entered P, 281. Prthvīrāja, Cholian hero 684n. Prthviraja Rāsau, a work 684n. Psalms 425n, Public roads, nuisances on 508-509. Pūga, meaning of 281. Pulakesin, a Calukya king 70. Punishment (see “banisliment’,

‘brāhmana’, ‘death’, ‘impalement’); alternative p. of lines in lieu of the cutting off of a limb for theft &c. 250; award of, depended on motive, sex, nature of offence, time and place &c. 391-92; banishment as 404; branding of several marks on fore head as p. for several offences 397, 403; by cutting off fingers, hands and feet was common in case of thieves and pickpockets 256, 402; by cuttiag off the limb wherewith a low man offended against a brābmana 389; by cutting off the tongue in the case of a sudra who abuses a brābrana or kṣatriya or loudly repeats the Veda 402; confiscation of all property as p. 404; corporal p. assumes various forms 395-396; enhanced for repeating offence 404-5, 522; exemption from p. on certain grounds such as intoxication, lunacy, mistake 417; fear of p. keeps all beings under control 292; fine and corporal punishment was to be pronounced by the king on recommendation of

III

General Index

1059

chicf justice 391 ; fines were the 388–90; rigour of p. lessened by ordinary p. for many offences in Yajnavalkya and later smrtis 390 ; ancicot Iodia 390; for accidental severity of, depended on caste also death none 528; for abetting a 395 ; shaving of the head as p. 403 ; crime 529; for abuse and defama- ten places where p. may be inflictod tion was less for offenders of bigber 396; that could be awarded by castes 395; for adultery 256-257 : inferior tribunals 391 ; whipping as for adultery and rape depended on p 403-404; women were awarded caste of the woman and of the lesser p. than men 394, 533; women offender 395; for adultery very were to undergo excission of a limb severe in ancient texts 401, 533, 535; where death sentence could be for a person charging an innocent inflicted on males 394, 533. map with theft 255 ; for committing Pupil, rules as to his behaviour towards nuisance on the public road 508 ; his guru’s wife in Kali age 953-54. for debling water of holy tanks,

Purana, a silver coin 122, 420n, rivers etc. 509; for incest 533-34 ; for judges taking bribes and for minis

Purāṇa 10. i ters disposing of a matter wrongly

Purāṇas, are rich in Dharmasastra 386; for making breaches in a

material 871; are authoritative for boundary 509; for misappropriation

all people 853; conflict between of the property of guilds and other

smrtis and Purāṇas 871-873; pro groups 489; for moneylenders

cedure of coronation in 72; state charging interest exceeding ratesi

that in Kali age kings will mostly be prescribed in smrtis 422; for rash

sūdras 40; wax eloquent over the driving 528; for theft more severe

importance of Bharatavarṣa 137 : in the case of offenders of higher

dharma which is declared in, is misra castes 395; for unnatural offences

873; several p, must have been known 534 ; for witchcraft 405-406; four

871, methods of 391; fourteen places of.

l’uranas, passages of historical impor acc. to Brhaspati 396; imprisonment ! for life as p. 403; may be inflicted Purchaser; buying from one got the on offenders of lowest castes by the owner in open market is not liable persons offended 408; mild p. pres- to punishment 463 ; duty of, to cribed on account of the doctrine of closely examine the thing to be pur karmavipaka 392; most important

chased 492 ; from ope not the owner purpose of, is deterrant 389; no js liable to be punished if he purchases corporal punishment for a brāhmana | in secret 460 ; gets indefeasible offender except shaving of head,

title only after three generations if branding 396; of death not inflicted price wholly or partly not paid 494 ; on brāhmaṇas and women under

has, in order to escape punishment, Bombay Regulation 14 of 1827, 397; to produce vendor or prove purchase of death prescribed even for in open market 463 ; liability of, if

brāhmaṇas by Katyāyana and he does not take delivery after par i Kautilya 398-99; of death presa chase 490, 492; may resie..from ..cribed. for certain offences 400- purchase within a certala tima: 490

101 ; one purpose of, was reform and .491 ; period allowed to p. fox.exxii redemption of offender 390 ; proper Aation of thiog bought 492… pe for, a brāhmana offender 397; Purobita ;. called saviour .of. kinadam purposes secured by p. for crimes’ 117-18; lacluded among mantriad

,

.

tance

99

1060

(vol.

by some writers 119; had full juris- | father and takes latter’s wealth 642, . diction over penances 119; made 659; recognized in modern times

the king ready for battle 118; most only among Nambudris in Malabar “ominent of the high functionaries of 657, 659; said to be equal to the

the king 113, must know ritual of aurasa son 657; traces of, found ..ave kinds 119; qualifications of even in Rgveda 657-58.

117-18; samvatsara took over some

Queen, qualities of principal 80. of the functions of 126; to be con

| Queens, of vanquished kings had to per suited by king after ministers were

form the duties of maids at the consulted 110, 119; to be distingui.

time of emperor’s coronation 69. shed from rivij 118; waping of tbe importance of 126; was expected to Raghavan, Dr. V. 252n. remove calanities, divine and human Raghu, Kings of the family of, became 119; was often hereditary 119.

munis in old age 101. Puru, though youngest son, was made Raghunandana, 246, 322, 378n, 544,

king by Yayati 12, 44.

668, 701, 718, 735, 799, 910n, 911. Purūravas 53, 845.

Raghuvarsa, 8, 17, 18, 41, 44, 49n, l’urusa (bailiff), duties and qualifica

5., 56, 63. 78, 82, 101, 112, 135. tions of 278.

187, 2230, 230, 269, 407, 896. I’urusakāra (hunian ctfort), anu dnivit Rainfall, amounts of, in the several

(fatc) 168-169; is superior, acc. to

provinces of India, acc. to Kautilya Matsyapurāṇa 170. Puruṣārtha rules are recommendatory

Rājadbarwa 1–241. discussed in and violation of them does not

works from ancient times 1 , energetis vitiate the sacrifice 550n, 609.

undertaking said by Bṣhaspati to be Purupārthas; artha is the chief among the root of 169; literature on, is

three p. acc. to Kautilya 241 ;

extensive 13 ; proximate ends of 238. dharma is the bighest among three

239; purpose of the study of 236 and kāma tbe lowest 9; three p. are

37; said to be the root of all secured for people by righteous king

dharnas 3; ultimate goal of 238;

Rājadharmakāṇda 13, 23n, 28, 42,610, Parvanimāmsā (see under ‘Jaimini’)

75n, 125n, 160, 178, 179, 181, 38, 605, 637, 695, 864.

1910, 228, 234, 277n, 949. Puṣkara sādi 524..

Rajadharmakaustubha 13, 38, 43, 72, Pusyagupta, a vaisya, was governor of

74, 76, 77n, 79-81n, 82, 107, 118, Surāstra under Candragupta Maurya

119n, 179, 1820, 183.

· 117.

Rajan, meaning of 37-39, 63, Puṣyamitra 32, 116; founder of Sunga Rājanitiprakāśa (part of Viramitrodaya)

empire 39; killed his master Bṛbad

13, 180, 25, 38-39, 43-44, 48, 59-60, ratba, last Maurya king 86; perfor

66, 71-74, 760, 79-819, 82-83, 99, med Asvamedhas 70.

105, 107, 118, 120, 125n, 1320, 160. Puṣyasıāag. 407.

1639, 170, 178, 181, 191-92,211,217, Putresti, sacrifice, 6800..

224, 227, 228, 230, 234, 243, 873a. .Putrikā, (see apder Maiden’, .putri. | Rājaniṭiratpakara 13, 25, 39, 70, 96. .. tapotra !) 647, 657. . .

107, 118, 160, 1878, 1898, 201, 2710. Rutrik putra 657-659; defaition of 2748, 277, 278,

647, 657; divided.. property with Raja Rao, Mr. M. 879A. .. subsequently bora duresa SOR 651 ; Rājasāstra… expounders of, acc. to others pirda to bis waternal graad. Apassana-parva and Santiparva 2,

General Index

1061

56; expounders of, acc. to Kautilya i ments of a State 132 ; what consti 2; expounders of, acc. Nītiprakā! tutes 136. sika 4.

! katrāvali, a drama’ 937. Rūjasekhara, author of Kāvyamimamsā Ratnins, give the kingdom to the king

47n, 67, 136.

29, 112 ; hcadman of village was

one of 154 ; twelver, enumerated Rajasūya 64, 111, 962; Abhiṣecaniya

111-112. is the principal rite in 73 ; iṣti called Avesti therein can be performed only . Raṭṭarāja, a Silāra king 194. by Ksatriyas 38; performed by Rāvana 52, 55. emperors 70.

Reasoning, to be followcd rather than Kāiatarangini 31. 40. 80, 100, 113, 115, į strict letter of the text 7,867.

130, 163-64, 184, 188n, 198, 270, Receiver, appointment of 291. 374, 393, 396, 397, 403, 457, 484, · Recovery of debts; agriculturists and 488, 494, 817. 897, 924n, 931. 1 king’s servants were not to be arrest Rajya, compared to the body witb its

ed for, at certain times 440-41, various organs 18; elements of, i creditor employing modes for r. generally said to be seven 17 ; mean- other than a suit, when debtor deni. ing of 19-20; preservation of the ed the debt would lose his claim cloments of 17-18; rolative isoport, and was liable to be fined 139; ance of the elements of 17; several creditor could hold debtor in clements of, are complementary of

restraint openly, if custom of country each other 18,

allowed 440; from debtor upahic Rajyavardbana, murdered by Sasanka

to pay was inade by making bim

work in the house of the creditor if

of same or higher caste 440; from Rāka (full moon) 388.

debtor of brāhmana caste to be made Raktikā, weight of 121n,

by easy instalments 440; barslı Rāma, 42; education of 49 ; ideal

legislation in ancient societies for King 96 ; performed Aśvamedha is!

441 ; imprisonment in civil jail of a the company of a golden image of

debtor in modern times 440 ; modes Sitā 845-846; virtues of 62 ; was

of 438-441 ; modes of differed to be made Crown Prince with

according as debtor admitted lia. people’s approval 29,

bility or not 441; priority apjong Kāmaśāstria, famous judge at l’eshwa’s

creditors as to, depended on time court 386, 4029, 6840, 713.

aod caste of creditor 441; seven Rāmāyana 2, 6, 21, 24, 29, 37, 42, 46, principal topics of 418; sitting at 470, 49, 530, 62, 71, 77, 95-96, 105- the door of the debtor for 438-39 ; 6. 108, 129, 171, 177, 130, 190, 195, when debtor admitted debt and yet 203, 2098, 214, 243, 846

complained against creditor who Ranade, author of ‘Rise of the Maratba i employed proper mode of, bo was

pover 106.

liable to be aped 439-440. Rape, punishment for, differed acc. to Registration Act (Indian) 314, 4318,

caste of offender 532.

4320. Rapson, on ‘Indian coins’ 89, 1210. Religious efficacy (see under doctrina

1421, 308. …

of spiritual benefit’).” " Kāṛtra (territory of a State )- 1328; Religious rites, incompetency to per.

composition at the population of 133 ; form, owing to bodily or’ mental . is most important of the seven ele. defects 608-609.106%

i voi.

Keply of dofendant; faults of 302; four Routes ; land r, superior to water, r,

kinds of 300.

I 225; to the Deccan and south more Representatives, of parties to suits, profitable 225.

wben allowed 288; rules for payment Royalty ( see under ‘kingsbip’).

of wages to r. 289; who is to ! Rta, conception of 244-245. , appaint r. of parties and whom 289. Rudradāman, accomplishments of 49;

· Republics, eleven, mentioned in a Ksatrapa, was elected ruler by the

Buddhist works 90; in ancient India people of Surastra 30, 44 ; ioscrip. 87; procedure of, was the same as tion of 94, 105, 117, 162, 185, 890 ; for the deliberations of Buddhist | repaired Sudarsana lake at great Sangha 90.

cost 60, 162; restored kings to their Restraint of senses, is the whole

thrones 71 ; treasury of, overflowed purpose of all sāstra. 52; necessity with gold, silver and jewels 197 ; of, for kings 53; why man must

uprooted the Yaudheyas 89. practise 55.

Rudradhara 668.

Rudraskanda, commentator of Khadira Rcs Judicata, (see ‘plea of former

Gr. 69.24 judgment’) 300; how proved 332;

Rule; acting contrary to a r, having rule of constructive 306.

an unseen or spiritual purpose ren ke-union 763-769; devolution of

ders the principal act itself null and cstate after 767-769; who can enter

void 837-838. into 766.

Rulers; grades of 63 ; mentality of Revenue, levied on crops varies acc, to

foreign 102; women as 40. the way in which water was employed

Russell on ‘crimes’ 432n.

Keversioner, on the death of a widow

Sabara, commentator on Jaimini’s 711.

sūtras 20, 38, 72, 121n, 1430, 471,

515n, 527n, 550n, 556, 6370, 655, Rgveda, 28-29, 32, 41, 58, 63-65, 750,

676n, 6770, 686, 695n, 704n, 705, 77n, 92-33, 104, 118, 1240, 125n,

719, 725n, 7310, 770n, 828, 8320, 127, 132, 135, 153, 162, 179, 190

835-37, 841, 849, 851n, 864, 870, 200, 205, 212-13, 228–29, 244-45, 276, 353, 350, 361, 388, 414-15,

905n, 938, 963-64. 519,534, 543, 541,564-65, 588, 612n, Sabhā (see court of justice’), 276

656, 657n, 658, 660, 679n, 689, 714, 277; three kinds of 278n. 7530, 754n, 770, 776n, 863, 886, i Sabhāparva 2, 42, 46, 50, 530, 54, 887, 933; morals in 534,

56n, 59, 61, 67-68, 78, 106, 108, Riktha, meaning of 543, 5510.

111-12, 137, 135, 152, 154, 162, 168, Road, cess recovered by king’s officers

172, 179, 200, 206, 232, 330, 542n, 197; width of 181.

889, 937, 955n. Romaka, an astronomical Siddhanta Sabhyas (puisne judges) 273 ; at least

three to be appointed to associate

with the chief justice 273; daty of, Roman Catholics, harsb laws against

$470,

to bring. Found the king to the path Roman w 326,

of right 274 ; must be preferably Rómapada, king of Aūga 164. .

brāhmaṇas 273 ;. ’ qualifications -

273 ; were to be distioguished from Rope 3894,

1… learned brābprzas who attended Roth 16. .

li coprt and teadered advico 274; Vera Rousseau 31,

fined if they decided through parti:

III )

General Inder

1063

ality, greed or fear 385 ; who were ritative and taught doctrines oppos. not to be appointed as 273-274,

ed to it 871. Sachau, Dr. (translated Alberuni’s Salaries, divergence of views about s.

work) 166, 376n.

mentioned by Kautilya 120, 125; of Sacred Books of the East 66, 282, 289

officers over 10, 100 or moro villages 90, 605n, 733n, 8860, 887, 922, 934.

142; of officers and servants stateci Sacrifice, performer of, was supposed by Kautilya 151.

to be endowed with a celestial body · Sale of Goods Act (Indian) 465n, 32 ; of animal forbidden in Kali 492n, 495n. 945-46, 964.

Sale. (secunder pre-cmption’, Sadācāra (sce under ‘custom’) 825ff ; : ‘purchaser’); by one who is not the

meaning of, acc. to Manu 827, 856. owner 462-465; by one who is not Sadhyapāla (see under Purusa).

the owner, should be rescinded 462 ; Saffron, monopoly of king in 197.

conditional s, defined 493; deed of s. Sages, difference in spiritual merit should piention the wells, trees, houses

between ancient and later 889; on land sold 494 ; definition of 495 ; seven, suspected each other of theft for arrears of land tax 493, 495 ; 359n; transgression of dharma among .. liability of vendor if he does not ancient 889.

deliver property after 490; periods Sabadeva 69.

for rescission allowed in s. of varions Sāhasa (crimes of violence), 525–530; things 491; procedure as to s. of

definition of, 525; clistinguished land 496-497 ; rescission of 489-491; from theft 525; four kinds of 525 ;

was clothed with formalities of heavier punishments for 525; king

gifts 497, 567; what becomes of not to tolerate one guilty of crimes

earnest if s,“goes off through default of violence 525; principal crimes

of vendor or vendee 491; when included under 520.

inoperative 492-493, Sāhasa (meaning ‘fine’); three varieties Salic Law 40.

of, lowest, middling and highest 526. Salmond, author of a work on ‘Juris. Sahodha, son, definition of 648; prudence’ 238, 319n, 320n, 547.

becomes the son of his mother’s

554. husband 660.

Salt; State manufactured s. and levied Sabyādrikhandla 138, 929.

a duty on salt imported or manufac Saiśunāga dynasty, see Sisu nāka.

tured privately 196. Saka king killed by Candragupta (a

Sālva, besieged Dvārakā 208, 214. Gupta king ) 86.

Salya 204. Sākala, smrti of 664, 679, 683.

Salyaparva 58, 79, 112n, 210, 214, Sākta works prescribed wine as offer. 896n, 904, 908n, 909, 911-12. 915,

ing in worsbip 9.0,

918. Saktis, doctrine of three 171 ; relative

Sama (ao upāya); is of five kinds 174. strength of 171 ; theory of, in rela

Samaharts, duties of 131, 143, 253, tion to theory of mandalas 222. Sakulya, meaning of 746-47.

Samāhvaya 540-41; rules of dyuta to Sākuntala 37, 52, 54, 63, 243,

be applied to 540. Sākyas (see under Bauddhas); busi

Samā nodakas 752-753 ; limits of, as

heirs 753. ness of State how carried among 90; capital of, was Kapilavastu 90 ; Samataṭa, a country 68. openly declared Veda to be unautho- | Sāmaveda 76, 770.

1064

( Vol.

VE -

Sāmavidbāna Brāhmana 66, 76.

caste and other circumstances 535. Samayaprakāśa, part of Viramitrodaya, | Śhaṅkara (see . sarisarga’).

9288, 930.

Śhaṅkara, author of Bhāsya on Vedanta Samayamayūkha 930, 944n 949, 964.

sūtra and several Upanisads 460,227, Sambandbatattva 878.

669n, 719, 8330, 888, 9640, 968n, Sambaodhaviveka, a work 878. Sambara, as a writer on Rājaśāstra in

Śhaṅkarabbatta, author of Dvaitanir

naya 878. Santiparva 2. Sambhaji-raje-caritra, a work 81n.

Śhaṅkaravarman, king of Kashmir, plug

dered 64 temples under pretext of Sambhala, village, where Kalkin will

supervision 188n, be bora, 923. Sambhūya-samattland (partnership) Saṅkha 101, 160, 209-10, 277, 316,

466-470.

320, 338n, 395, 398n, 401, 524, 568 Sanırāj, ineaning of 63.

69, 581, 592, 598, 620n, 702, 725, Sarisarga (association),; with sinner i

771, 776n, 960. was of nine kinds 614, 944,

Saṅkha-Likbita 44, 45, 59, 125, 137, Samsiktiya, mantras 75.

165n, 175, 242-43, 246, 332, 346, Samskārakaustubha 669, 075, 078-80,

354, 3550, 358, 366, 371n, 372, 389, 683n, 688-89, 695, 697, 877, 955.

393, 398n, 403-4, 469, 504, 509, 530, Samskāraprakāśa 771.

568n, 569, 572, 586, 598, 610n, 625, Samaskārasāra 873n.

640, 641, 642n, 644, 651, 7590, 763, Samsrāvya, mantras 73.

790, 803n, 9320. Samudragupta 44, 68-69, 71, 89, 108, Saṅkha-Likhita-dharmasīitra, special..

115, 213; accomplishments of 49. 1 ly studied by Vājasaneyins 853, Saravarta, smrti of 264, 277, 312, 313n, Saṅkhāyana Brāhmana 6000, 905.

947, 951, 965.

Saṅklāyana-gļhya-sūtra 922. Saravatsara (astrologer) 120; king Saṅkhāyana-srauta-sūtra 387n.

depended on, in all matters 136.

Saṅkhya 169, Sarıvid-vyatikrama 486-489.

Sannidhātr, duties of 143. Saadar 326n.

Saanyāsa, whether forbidden in Kali Saodhi (treaty); different kinds of

960-61. 224; with whom should be made 225; with whom should not be made

Sannyāsin, see under Yati

Santā, adopted by Lomapāda 675 Sandrakottos 204.

Santanu, younger brother of Devāpi Sangba, four qualities of the wise lea. I became king 41, 164, 609.

der of 88; gambling causes dissen: i Santātiya, mantras 75. slons among members of 233; in- Sāntiparva, 2-6, 8, 10, 12, 130, 170, cluded in the Vabika country brāh- ! 18n, 21-28, 30-31, 33-34, 37, 40, wanas, ksatriyas and others 88; kingi 44-45, 48, 50n, 51, 532, 56-59, 610, was allowed to take away wealth of 62. 67-68, 70-71, 78-79, 87, 101. beretical 188; of Licchivikas, Vrii. 105-107, 118, 127, 131. 138, 141-42. kas and others 89; of Vrkas, Tri.! 150-51, 167-68, 173, 175, 179-81, Kartas, Yaudheyas, Parsus 88; two 185-86, 189-90, 199, 202, 203, 207, kinds of, known to Pāniai 88.

209, 211, 215-16, 2218, 222, 2290, Sangraha, a work, 309, 311, 379n, 435, 239, 244-45, 273, 353, 389, 3920,

5482, 563, 572, 623n, 629A, 872, 928. 399, 400n, 404n. 521, 524, 6090, Sangrabaga 531-535; of three kinds 614, 8610, 875, 885, 890-92, 913,

531; punishmont for, varied acc. to . 937, 943, 952, 955.

III)

General Inder

1065

Sapatkas (special oaths) ; employed in į Sāstradipikā, a work of Parthasarathi

disputes of small value 358; take 1 6770, 828n, 8310, 836n, 8440, 850n, time for decision 358.

852n, 853. Sapinda, acc, to Dāyabhāga 741-43, Sataghni 213.

747; two meanings of 733-736. Satapatha Brāhmaṇa 21, 26, 32. 41, Sapiṇdas, are of two kinds, gotraja and

65-66, 111-12, 153, 180, 415-16, bhinnagotra acc. to Mitāksarā 732

527n, 565, 613, 641, 845, 877, 8860,

887-88, 907n, 964, Sapiṇdikaraña, a sraddha 737 Saradacharan Mitra, Mr. Justice 559,

Śatātapa 145n. 560.

Sat-trimsan-mata 4870, 8820, Saramā, bitch of the gods, was sent Sattra, sacrifice extending over long

by Indra to find out treasures of periods to be performed by brah. Panis 127.

manas 938. Sarasvativilāsa, a work, 17, 118n, 119, Satru (enemical king), kinds of 219.

171-72, 184, 200, 219n, 220n, 221, Satrughna 203, 223, 243n, 258, 263, 264n, 265n, Satyankāra 435. 272n, 273, 276n-278, 281n, 282n, 283,

Satyasadha, srautasūtra of 28, 278a, 285n, 286n, 297n, 300n, 302, 303n,

653n, 655, 686, 941n, 310, 312, 318n, 321, 320, 332, 3420, 352n, 358, 367n, 382n, 393n, 413n,

Saudāyika, a class of stridhana 775, a

comprehensive term for several 419n, 423n, 4290-32n, 434n, 4419, 451, 455n, 404n, 47201-74n, 476n,

kinds of stridhana 778; definition of

477n, 4797, 485n, 489n, 492n, 493,

494n, 512n, 325n, 540n, 545, 549n,

Saudra (son of a brālmana from. A 551, 553n, 554n, 562, 5630, 610n,

sidra wife); is a secondary son aod

612, 636n, 638n, 678n, 692, 698,

technically not an aurasa son 599, 721, 761n, 774n, 778n.

646, 648, 656; styled Pārasava also

648, 656. Sardesai. Mr. G. S., editor of ‘Selec tions from Peshwa’s Daftar’ 400.

Saunaka, smrti of 183, 599, 614, 656, Sārīraka-bhāsya of Śhaṅkara 725, 731n,

6560, 664, 668, 675-676, 682-83,

687, 689, 926. Sarkar, Mr. Golap Chandra, author of

Saunakiya 230. “Hindu Law’ and of a work on ‘Adoption’ 4410, 662, 6640, 690n.

Sauparna, a hymn 229.

Sauptikaparya 168, 206, 209, 232. Sarkar, Mr. Himansu Bhushan 6410,

Sautrāmani, an isti, prescribed as a 934n.

rite for regaining a kingdom 26 ; Sārkar, Mr. Kishori Lal on ‘Mimāmsā

offering of wine cups in 865,940, 964. rules’ 540, 677n, 841-42.

Sauvira, king of, was killed by his Sarkar, Prof. B. K. 20, 94.

queen 85 Sarvadhikari, Tagore Law Lectures of,

Sāyaga 65, 66n, 229, 361, 770, 8860. on inheritance 744n, 757n, 7580, Schools, of Hindu Law 878, 8870, 760-61.

Schrader, Otto 9249. Sarvajña-Nārāyana, commentator of Scripts 308.

Manusmrti 150n, 788n, 789.

Sea, whether known to Vedic Aryans Saśānka 31.

933, made ugdrinkable by brahmanas Sāstra; in case of conflict of s. with 937.

rational or equitable rule, the latter Sea voyage, forbidden io . Kall-6104. prevails 9.

933–38 ; propositions about 037.

134

1066

(Vol.

Selections from Peshwa’s Daftar, (see | Shivarāja–rājyābbiṣeka–kalpataru, a

under ‘Sardesai”) 4020, 4050, 713. I work 81. Self-acquired property 639-640”; dif- Sidd bĀota-kaumudi 4940, 762a.

ferent kiods of 579-581 ; of a man Siddhantasiromani of Bhaskarācārya is inherited per stirpes by his son, 122n. grandsons, and great-grandsons 700; Siddharāja, king of Anbilvāda, levied son acquires by birtb an interest in tax on pilgrims visiting Somanātha father’s s. p, acc, to strict theory of and then remitted it 198, Mitāksarā 639; son has no power to Sīlāditya, a kiog 70. prevent father from dealing with Silappadikāram, a Tamil work 407. latter’s s. p. 639; Viṣṇudharmasutra

Silparatna, a work 182n. declared father’s absolute right

Silpio yāsa, meaning of 458; rules over 639.

about 459-460, Sen. Dr. Priya Nath 387, 4410, 427n,

Silver, value of, ia relation to copper 497n.

121n. Senart, 91.

Sin, (see under samsarga’); diver Sen-Gupta, Prof. P. C. 903-4.

gence of views as to what was grave Separate property. (see under *gaias of

S. 612-614; is not committed learning’, ‘self-acquired property’);

througb fear of punishment or of is not liable to partition 585; kinds

Yama or of public opioion 389: of 577; recognition of vidyadhana

murder of brahmana, gravest s, 613; as 8. p. was the first inroad on the

various grades of 612. - conception that all property belong

Singhana, a Yadava king of Devagiri ed to the family 578 ; slow growth

of the concept of 578. Sorvants, ancient dharmasūtras men

Singer ; association with a s, for a tion only two kinds of 482; difference

certain period made associator guilty

of same sin 614, 943-44 ; became

· between slaves and s. 484 ; four

fit to be associated with when he kinds of, besides slaves 482 ; loyalty

performed prāyaścitta 615; mode of inculcated on 160 ; qualifications of

taking back into society a grave 615. State servants 159-160. Soxual intercourse, forbidden after

Sirkar, Dr. D. C. 378. performing Agnicayana 535 ; with a

Siromanibbattācārya 547. maiden of same caste with her con. Sistas, all practices of, are not authori sent was not punisbable as a crime

tative in matters of dharma 827, 844; but the male had to marry her 535 :

practices of, furaish criterion as to with certain women was held to be

what dharma is 826; who are 825. Jacest 533 ; with a concubine kept

843. by another wag punishable 535. Sister, is brought in as a gotraja heir Shakespeare 296, 533.

by Vyavahāramayūkha 748–749; Shan Sastri. Dr. 850, 102, 1400, 343a,

position of, as heir 728; position of, 8110.

under modern legislation 749; ua

married s. eptitled to a share on Ships, duties of superintendent of 148. Shiva-chatrapati-mabārāja-caritra, a

partition among brothers 619-620, work 819.

749. Shivaji, coronation of 81; bad a council Sisunāka dynasty 899.

of eight ministers 106; ruling of, | Sisupalavadha 3130, sa a dispute 285 ; supposed to be Sigya, defined 482; duties of a Vedic harbinger of Kalkio, 926,

General Index

1067

Sitā, ordeal of fire, undergone by 364. 750n, 766, 768, 772, 775, 7770-79, Śiva swallowed Hālāhala poison 372n. 781, 783n, 7860-788, 790n, 792a, Śivaskandavarman, a Pallava king 69.

793, 800n, 804n, 805, 815, 8580, Skanda and Visakha, story of 905n.

859n, 860n, 861n, 862, 863n, 8640, Skandagupta, commander of clephant

867n, 868n, 8699, 870, 8710, 872a. section under Emperor Harșa 86.

874, 876, 884-85, 928, 929, 956n, 115.

970n. Skandapurana 234, 801,

Smrtikaustubha, 930, 938, 9418, 949, Skaodaṣastbi 911.

951, 953, 954, 957, 9580, 960n, 964, Slaves, condition of, in Buddbist India, 966.

not so miserable as in Greece 484 ; 1

! Smrtimahārnava 5810. master entitled to claim back si leaving him and going to another 485;

į Smrtis; all s. were deemed to form one master liable to be punished for

śāstra 870; authors of, believed in selling a female slave unwilling to

a golden age in the dim past 243 ; leave him 485; population of, in

authors of, disagreed among them ancient Greek cities 15n; who could

selves 866; authoritativeness of 828 not be made 485,

830, 839-40; autboritativeness of, Smārtakāla, meaning of 321, 970.

depends on purpose they serve viz. Smrticandrikā 7, 119, 1200, 1210,

whether they are concerned with 1560, 243, 2440, 247n, 251n, 258n,

dharma or moksa 839-841; certain 259, 260-264, 265n, 270n, 2740,

s. specially authoritative in certain

275, 276n, 277, 278n, 280-81, 2850,

yugas 868; conflict among 283, 863 286, 287-88, 291, 295-299n, 300n,

66; conflict of smrtis and Parānas 301, 302n, 303-06, 310-14, 317,

871-873; condict of s. and Vedic 318n, 321, 3230, 3260, 327, 331,

texts 832-834 ; conflict of $. and 3320, 334, 336-3382, 341n3420,

customs 849-850, 874-75; condict.

3450, 346n, 347, 3480, 349n, 350,

ing s. to be assigned their appro 351n, 352, 354a, 357n, 358, 3630,

priate scope 443; contents of, di 364A, 3670, 3710, 375, 379n, 380,

vided into five categories 840; direct 382n, 3838, 384, 386, 3870, 3910,

conflict among, is to be assumed

393a, 394, 3950, 396, 398n, 409n,

only if no other recourse is open 411, 413n, 4170, 4190, 421n, 424n,

443; embody practices current in 4260, 4290, 430-434n, 436-37, 439n,

their days 874-75, 878-879; endea. 440, 4420, 444-447n, 451n, 4520,

voured to reach the ideal of the rule 455n, 460n, 462-465, 468, 469,

of law 398; on same subject must 471n-4748, 476-485n, 487-4890,

be harmonized as far as possible 4919, 4929, 4988-501n, 503,

443; reasoning should be taken into 5050-5150, 5170-18, 520n, 5210,

consideration in interpreting 867. 524, 525a, 5260, 529, 531, 532n,

870; rules of interpretation of s. 533A, 5360. 5388, 545, 5488, 5498,

whon in apparent coalict with Veda

834, 870; three views about. s..be 5500, 3330, 554, 5560, 5630, 570n,

ing based on Voda 829-30;.whco 5729, 5750, 5800-582n, 3850, 586, 589, 5900, 593, 5958, 597, 599, 605

visible purpose can be found for a. 6070, 6090, 6100, 6199-6210, 6230

Vedic basis or spiritual purpose not

to be inforred 835-837. 6260, 628, 629, 6310, 6320, 6340, 635, 6370-6390, 659, 6640, 678a, Smrtimuktāphala 858A, 8590, :861n, 691, 703, 706, 707, 7090, 7100, 712 8680, 8710, 8720, 8752, 876, 9290, 714-15, 721-22, 726-27, 731, 733, 930, 957, 960n.

1068

[ Vol.

Smarttsangraha. (stet under ‘Sangraha’) | acc, to Āp: 566, 622 ; giving special **545, 549, 555, 628n, 629n, 705, 726, Share to eldest son was practised in - 928,.

certain countries 623 ; hasan absolute Sortiratna 858n. ..

right to partition under Nitāksarā Sportisara 767.:

• during father’s lifetime even against Smrtiviveka, a work of Medhātithi 828, .. father’s wish 569-570, 626; has no

8301, 831, 840n.

right to partition in father’s lifetime Smartyarthasāra 928, 945n.

acc, to Dāyabhāga 569 ; history of Spātāka, was always, to carry a jar of the practice to give a larger share to *** wafer 938.

eldest s, 566-67; kstrima s. recog Social contract, theory of 31, 34.

nized in modern times in Mithilā 657; Socrates 50, 52. .

:* ksetiaja s, condemned by Avastamba ‘Soldiers, (sée under ’troops’), cbarac- 640; importance of 641-643 ; male *: téristics of s. of various countries and descendants of s, and himself confer i tribes 202; duty of, to fight and die greatest spiritual benefit 443; not

• in battle rather than run away 211 ;

liable for misappropriation by father L ighting without treachery go to or loss of deposit made to father 460;

. “Hoāven if they fall in battle 58, 211,

of a brābmana from a sudra wife got ,’ rewards proinised to s. by the com a share of his father’s property. 598;

mander-in-chief 212, running away of a brahmana from a vaisyit or *- from battle were deemed to go to ksatriya wife not allowed to share “+: Holl 211; slain in battle are waited in land donated to a brāhmana 586

upon by divine damsets in heaven 87, 598; paunarbhava s, not fit to be –.58; tribunals for deciding disputes invited at sraddha 649; purposes

of 283. :

served by a 641 ; rights of a post. ‘Soma, distinguished from surā 964. humous s. after a partition takes

Somadeva, author of Nitivākyāmrta place before his birth 595-597 : rise .** 240.

of popular sentiment against giving Somṛsvara 250.

special share to eldest s. 626-627. Soo. (see under ‘aurasa’, ‘illegitimate’); Son, secular benefits derived from 643; Pabandoned by parents belongs to

seniority among soos 626-627; * ‘caste of him who brings him up 645n; seniority among twins 626; some *** bolief that those who had no s. did works like the Smarticandrikā say that " not go to heavenly worlds 710n; by anuloma marriages are not in voguo

· the birth of the eldest s, a man be

and so it is unnecessary to speak comes free from debt owed to pitrs

about s. of such a marriage 599 ; was 42, 624, 736.

supposed to save the father from the “Son, can perform pārvana and ekoddista

Hell called put 642. " srāddhas of father 737 ; different Sons, classification into four groups of

ways of giving a special share to several kinds of 649; confusion

eldest 624-625 ; eldest s., special , among smstis about the position and

· rights of, recognized even in modern rights of secondary 644-648, 650-652;

times in certalo cases 624, 631; definitions of the 12 or 13 kinds of

· eldest s. was given all wealth in 647-648; kinds of, recognized in

Vedic times in some cases 565-566,1 anciont worka 643-644; loag lists

622 ; extravagant praise of son, of socondary 8. due to partiality for : grandson, great-grandson 642 ; giv- divisions and sub-divisions 649 ; ,” ing, major part of ancestral estate to! mady. s, were desired 642; oply two

oldest a. was forbidden by sastras kinds of, recognized aow throughout

inj

General Index

1069

India 657 ; older than aurasa and | Sri, hymn to 77. dattaka forbidden in Kali 655; rights

Sridhara, commentator of the Bhāga of secondary sons 653 ; secondary

vata Purāṇa 182a, 183, 626n, 873, s. not recognized by Apastamba 643;

899. secondary s. except dattaka now

Srikara 32:1, 582, 583n, 703, 721, 768. obsolete €57; sortis do not consider all secondary s. equally important Srikrsna, author of Dāyakramasangraba for spiritual purposes nor did they | 544, 557, 568n, 586n, 781n, 799.” allow such s, to be taken at same Sruti, rules of, were sometimes set lime 648; spiritual benefit derived

aside, contradicted or abandoned by from secondary s. 653-655; table of

smrti texts or popular sentiment 863. several kinds of 645; twelve kinds of

Staru decisis, principio of 730. .645-646 ; twenty kinds of, in Anusa.

sanaparva 645n.

State, (see under trajadharma’ and Sovereign, (see under ‘king’), three- ‘rājya’); comprised deśas aod

fold activities of 98.

subdivisions of desas 138-130 ; Spies, 128-131 ; disguises of 19, departments of 113; depends on

employed by invading king to mantra 110; divided by samāharts encourage bis enemy’s subjects to into four divisions 143 ; elements of, become disaffected 199; employed depend on rāstra 132; funotions of, by samābarts to protect subjects

in modern times 60; helped helpless against officers taking bribes 253; women and cottage industries 146: five sariisthās (groups) of 129-130; how constituted 19; local adminis for detecting young men inclined to

{ration in 153-159; made great robbery and adultery 254; for report. efforts for rearing and protection of ing on the private character of

cattle 161; most desirable thing for ministers and high officers 130-131 ; So, is to crowo a king 34 ; organic several s. to be sent on same mission theory of 20 ; ownership of, over all without their knowing each other

lands 195-496; policy of ancient 130; to report about rumours and Indian, to protect all religions and discontent among people 130; were to interfere with none 883; popular said to be king’s eyes 131.

elected assemblies in 92; revenue Spring festival 844n.

and army, the two pillars of the Srāddha, (sce under “ekoddista,’ ancient Indian 184 ; seven elements

‘pārvana’ and ‘sapindana’); clothes of 17; superintendents of the depart and orgaments worn by father, his

nents of, to be appointed by the bed aod vehicle were to be donated king 142, twenty-eight departments to brāhmana invited at father’s 587; of, mentioned by Kautilya 142f1; offeri:g of flesta at 945-46; order of was not an end in itself but only ā those who are to perform s. 739; moans 241. pindas are offered by three male 1 States; rods that ancient s. placed descendants of a man in 443; tax

before themselves 237-241; internal . levied op Kashmirians performing 8.

and external troubles of 207 ; manu. at Gayā 198.

factured salt and imposed duty on Srāddhatattva 737a, 864n.

imported salt 196; modern nation s. Srāddhaviyeka 739.

have two moralities 138; principal Srāvasti 109.

yources of income of 190-191 ; Sroni, ( soc under “corporations’ hod ‘proximate and ultimate’ onds of

guilds’ ),

238-239,

1070

History of Dharmasastro.

Vol.

Step-brother, includes, acc. to Vai- | married in an approved form and

jayanti, son of the same mother but acc. to species of s. 789 ; succession of a different father 730.

to s, and unchastity 801. Step-mother, held not eptitled to a Striparva 204, 872.

share when she has only step sons Student, (see under ‘siṣya’) either who come to partition 606; Dot upakurvāṇa or daiṣthika 962. recognized as an heir in the whole / Subandhu, author of Vasavadattā 53. of India (except in Bombay) 724 ; Subdivisions, of State with the number succeeds in Bombay as widow of of villages they contained 139. gotraja sapinda 724,

Subbadrā, was not a daughter of Stephens, author of ‘History of English

Vasudeva, acc. to Kumārila 847. Criminal Law. 255n, 345, 375, 390.

Subhākara, a king whose queen and 4050.

daughter succeeded to the throne 40, Steya (theft) 519-524,

Subjects, causes of impoverishment of Sthānika, an officer 143.

198; barassment of, may lead to Sthānvisvara (modera Thanesar), des.

ruin of king 199; require protection cription of 182.

against king’s officers, thieves, royal Stobbaka, a private informant 264,

favourites and king’s greed 58-59 : Stokes, compiler of translations of

what is pleasing to, constitutes the Hindu Law books 682, 728.

good of the king 61. Strabo 308.

Sub-mortgage ( anvādhi), allowed by Strange, Sir Thomas, author of Hindu

Kullūka and others 429, 431. Law’ 818, 819, 930n.

Subodhini, com, on the Mitāksarā 553n, Stridbana, (see ‘ornaments’, ‘sauda

7050, 731, 733n, 750n, 757, 7640, yika ‘, ‘yautaka’) 770-802 ; defini

7740, 793, 815. tions of various kinds of, in smrtis

Subrahmanyā texts 626-627. 772-777; definitions of, in com.

Sūcaka, an officer who brings mentaries 780-782 ; devolution of,

aparādhas to the king’s noticc 264. acc. to Kātyāyana 792 ; dominion

Sudarsana lake was repaired by Rudra over 783-788; gernis of the topic of,

dāman in 2nd century A. D. 60, 105, in Vedic literature 770; husband’s

162. power over wife’s 785-787; Kātyāyana contains the most elaborate treat

Sudarsanācārya, commentator of ment of, among smrtis 774-775 ;

Āpastamba-grbya 6740, 879.

modern case law on definition of

Sudās, son of Pijavana 52, 359 783-783; rules about saudāyika

Sudhaova, upadhyaya of Rama 6. 784-785; succession to 788-801 ; Suddhitattva 740n, 959. smrti texts on succession to 789-792; Sūdra, and sea voyage 137; cannot succession to, acc. to Dāyabhāga adopt a son according to a few 798-800 ; succession to all kinds of, writers 668; engaging sudra as a ecc. to Mitaksarā, except sulka and cook in a brābmana housebold 958 ; maiden’s property 794 ; succession expiation for perjury by a sūdra to to maiden’s 8. 793 ; succession to, savo a person from death sentence acc. to Smrticandrikā 795; succes. 353; had his tongue cut off, if he sion to, acc. to Vivādacintāmani 795; abused a virtuous person of the succession to acc. to Vyavahāra- three higher castes $13; klogs in mayūkba 798; succession to sulka Kali age will be 40; provision for 792-793 ; succession to, varies acc. guests of sūdra caste 60; to be 26 woman is unmarried or marriod or ! punished with the cutting of that

III)

General Index

1071

limb with which he strikes a person | Surety, 435-438 ; all kinds of, are of the three higher castes 515.

personally liable 437; liability of s. Sudrakamalakara, a work 893n.

lor appearance 437; liability of s. Sudyumna 53.

none in case of Act of Viod or the

King 437; liability of several sureties Sugandhā, a notorious queen of

437-438; of two kinds, acc. to Vanu Kashmir 40.

436; of three kinds 436: of four Sugarcane, crops raised even in Vedic

kinds, acc. to Brhaspati 436; soos times 163.

of s. for appearance or honesty pot Suicide, when allowed and did not liable on death of s. 437 ; taken for

lead to sin 939, 958-59,

Āve purposes acc. to Hārita 436-37; Suits, (see under ‘appearance’, ‘court’, to be reimbursed by debtor for what

“justice’).

s, bas to pay 438; when taken, acc. Sukrācārya, prohibited intoxicants to

to Katyayana 436; who could not be brahmanas 966,

accepted as 291-92.

Sutherland 682. Sukranitisāra 3-5, 7, 17-18, 21, 23, 25-27, 37, 43, 44, 47n, 48, 49n, 52-3,

Suyya, a great Kasbmirian engineer 162. 55-57, 60, 67, 72, 84, 99, 104, 106, Svapurusa, (see ‘puruṣa”). 108, 109, 113, 115-118, 1217, 128,

Svargārobanikaparva 872. 142, 147, 152, 154-55, 160, 163-64,

Svastyayana, hymns 75; rites of 228 170-71, 174, 179, 181, 184-90, 192. |

Svayamdatta son, definition of 648,601. 194, 197, 199, 202, 205, 206, 209,

Svetaketu 92. 212-13, 216. 238-40, 242-43, 245,

Svetāśvataropanisad 330. 247, 251, 266, 269-73, 276, 278, 281n. 282n, 286, 288n, 289, 297, Tables, (see under ‘measures’); of 3000, 301, 303, 308, 311, 345, 354, coins 1210 ; of measures of capacity 379, 399, 403-04, 420n, 4410, 662, 124, 1460 ; of measures of distance 861a, 869, 881.

or length 124, 145a ; of measures of Sūlapāni 878.

time 1460 ; of the number of troops Sulka (tolls). tax levied on goods in an akṣauhiṇi 204-205 ; of weights

carried by land or water 192.

121-22, 145n. Sulka, a kind of stridbana 774-775. Taittiriya Aranyaka 353, 842. Sumantu 17, 200, 4940, 875.

Taittiriya Brāhmaṇa, 29, 74, 750, 770, Sumitra, a king, fond of danciog 86. 92, 112, 132, 135, 153, 190, 272, 414, Summoning (see under ‘appearance’); 6030, 676, 685n, 829,877, 887, 9070,

rules about s, a defendant or accus. 1 921-22, 933, 961-62, 964. ed 286-287.

Taittiriya Sambitā 26, 41, 64, 77, 112, Sunahópa, story of 544, 563-64, 660, 1250, 132, 150a, 153, 162, 180, 213.

663 ; was adopte. by Visvāmitra

387-88, 4140-416, 500n, 515, 519, 544, 563, 6570, 661, 680.

535, 543, 565, 567,588, 6050, 606, Sundarakānda 1720, 214.

613, 622, 624, 6550, 662, 689, 701, Superintendents, functions of s. of State 703n, 713, 770, 8300, 842, 8680,

departments 143-150.

887, 905, 920-22, 962. 964. Surā (see under ‘wine’); dripking of, Taittiriya Upaniṣad 22, 8260, 875.

was one of the five mabādātakas 965; Taksasila 116; University of, where was said to be of three kinds 965 ; even princes studied 50, was primarily applied to liquor from Talajangba 52. flour 965,

Tāṇdya Brahmana 361, 512a, 543, Surāstra, had a republic at one time 30’ 6000,1072

(Vol.

Tanks, construction of, by the State Taxila copperplate of Moa 308,

162-63.

Taylor, Jeremy 238. Tantra, works on 215.

Taylor, on · Evidence’ 3360, 338. Tantraratna 355n.

Teacher, to be fined for failing to teach Tantravārtika of Kumārila, 38n. 470,

a lore or craft after receiving fees 676n, 694n, 695n, 829n, 830, 834,

481. 835n, 838, 8390, 841n, 842, 843n, | Telang, Mr. Justice 570A, 698n, 751n. 844, 846, 8470, 849n, 852, 853, 855,

Temples, duty of village elders to 857n, 858, 8700, 871, 964n, 965,

increase property of 166; king could 9680,

in calamities requisition wealth of Tawney 198, 283.

188, 197; property of, not lost by Taxation; higher t. could be imposed

long possession of another 327. in calamities after appealing to or

Thakur, Dr, Amareshwar, op ‘Hindu requesting the people 185; how to

Law of evidence’ 306. imposo in case of famines or other

Theft, definition of 519 ; distinguished dangers 188; principles of, in

fron crimes of violence 525 ; duty ancient Indian works 184-185;

of officers to catch thieves and make principles of, laid down by Adam

good loss caused by 167-168 ; eo Smith 186n; should be felt as being

hancement of sentence for repeated. light 185.

ly committing 405; liability of Taxes, are the king’s wages for the village headman for t. 167-68 ;

protection he gives 27, 187, 189; liability of whole village in certain exemption from, applied only to very cases of 168 ; no liability to make learned brāhmanas and not to all good loss if man robbed by his own brābwanas 195; exemptions from t.

servant 167 ; no t. if a man took mentioned in land grants were without permission certain articles eighteen 195 ; levied on marriages 523-524 ; of three kinds, acc. to the and wpanayana 198; levied on mer- value of the subject of 519. chandise 192-193; levied on persons Thieves, cutting of fingers and hands performing sraddha at Gayā 198; of 522 ; frequently mentioned in not to be collected from learned the Rgveda 519; goldsmith is the brahmanas, women,minors, students, worst of all t. 521 ; how detected ascetics and sudras doing menial and caught 520 ; nine kinds of secret work for others 1, 194 ; not to be t. 520; not to be convicted on mere levied on improved land till cost of suspicion 521; punishment for improvement was recovered by harbouring or giving food or help to cultivator 191; ordinarily king was t, and receiving stolen property from to take one-sixth of grain as t., but 523 ; special officers appointed for evea one-fourth or even one-third catching 168 ; to be made to restore in calamities 185; persons exempt property stolen or its price 167 : two from payment of 1 ; principal payers kinds of, patent and secret 520 ; of t. were agriculturists, artisans, various punishments for 521-22 ;* tradera &c. 191 ;. rates of, were were punished with death in Upa fixed by the smṛtis and could be niṣadic times 387. varied only in emergeacies 184-185; Throne, how made 82. reasons why people must pay i. to Time, brings about all results, acc, to king 189-90; rise in, to be gradual some 170. 186; what prevented kings from Tirthas ( high officers of State) were oxacting excessive t, 198,

18, 112,

III

General Index

1073

.

H

Titbitattva, a work of Raghunandana / of 144 ; eigbt principal sources of

9100:

Gilling 187-188; everyone, bowever Title, and possession lend support to poor, must contribute somotbing to one another 318; rules respecting the t. 187; importance of gold and possession and t. 319-320; t, without silver reserve in 187 ; means recom. some sligbt possession has no mended for replenishing depleted strength 318.

188-189,

Trees, destruction of is sābasa of Tolerance, religious, in ancient India |

881,

lowest kind 426; fines for injuring Tolls, commodities exempt from pay

or felling 516, 528; rules about the ment of 193-194 ; levied on exports

ownership of the fruits and other and imports 193-194 ; superintendent

products of t. growing on the boun. of 146.

dary of a field 509.510. Torture, allowed in witchcraft causes

Trial; ordeals not to resorted to in il

in England 405n ; by police not un

human means available 261, koown even now in the West and in

Tribes, mentioned in the Rgveda such India 2550 ; employment of, to elicit

as those of Anu. Druhyu &c. 64,

135. admission from accused whose guilt

Tribunals (see under ‘courts’); grades is prima facie established 254 ; four

of five kinds of 280; inferior, could kinds of 254 ; punishment of those

dispose of all litigation except what causing death by 254 ; was part of

fell under sāhasa 281; inferior, Roman Criminal Procedure 255n ;

could not carry out orders as to fines when not to be employed 254.

and punishments, but only recom Touching a person after a relative of

mended these to king 281; offenders the latter is dead 951,

of all castes were brought before same Traitana, a dāsa 353.

398n; ten classes of, spoken by Bhrgu Transactions, (see under contract’,

282; usage varied as to the number ‘possession’); age of competency to

and gradation of inferior 285. enter into, for males and females

Triveda, Dr. D. S. 897n. 394 ; brought about by force or fraud

Troops; are of six kiods 200; fighting are udenforceable 412; circums

spirit inculcated and encouraged in, tances which make t. udenforceable

by holding forth several kinds of 412; committed to writing prevail

rewards 211; ksatriyas constituted over those made before witnesses

hereditary 202; number of, killed in only 431-32; in cooflict of, one with

the Mahābbārata war 204; of all possession first is superior 431; in t.

castes existed even in the epic age of sale, gift or mortgage the first in

202; rules about 206; superiority time prevails 432; last of several t.

or inferiority of several grades of is decisive except in sale, gift or

201-202 mortgage 413.

Troubles, internal, are more serious Traosfer of Property Act (Indian ) 306,

for the State than external onc& 233, 4130, 425, 429n, 434, 493n, 494n, 674. Trapster, of property by acceptance 319.

Tup-ṭikā of Kumārila on Jaimini 695n.

Turvasu, son of Yayati 937. Trasadasyu, & Vedic king, claimed to

Tuṣāspa, a Yavana was Governor of be identical with Varuna and other

Surāstra under Asoka 117. gods 32. Treasure trove, rules about 175.

Twelve Tables, in Rome 3890, 4410,

Twins, seniority among 627, 873, Treasury all undertakings of king depend

on 184; duties of the suporintendent | Uccala, king of Kashmir 80.

.

.

135

1074

History of Dhurinaśāstra

| Vol.

Udayapa, , klag of Vatsa, was impri- 1 trations of varying usagas in different

• ‘soned by Mahāseda 86.

parts 861 ; immenorial u. said to Udayaniyā, an isti in Agnistoma 939. be trapscendental law. 875; im Udvābatattva, 930, 944, 945n.

moral u, condemned by Kumārila Udyogaparva, 30, 37, 43, 53, 580, 62,

848-849; of countries, castes, . 79, 103, 127, 131, 163n, 168, 173, villages and groups, varying general 185, 202, 204-7, 213, 226, 228, 232, rules were to be cnforced by king

245, 278, 334, 452, 538, 542n, 555n, 566, 860-866, 882; of guilds tra - 6090, 845, 848, 905, 907-8, 910, 911, ders, heretics, and associations may

916, 918, 922, 965.

be enforced by king 860; of sistas Udyota, an autbor q. by Dayablaga as to gains of learning or gifts acquir

556, 736.

ed at expense of family estate 580; Ugra 67.

of Vedic śākhās about religious rites Uktalibba, defined 493.

883-84 ; recognized by Vedic texts Upanidbi, 454-455; means every kind! gradually went out of vogue and

of bailment acc. to Kātyāyana 455.

came to be condemned by common U papātaka (minor sin) 511n, 610n :

people 630; that are not opposed to adultery was generally regarded as

Vedic texts, that have no visible pur 615; Cāndrāyana or Govrata was pose and are practised by Vedic sistas the ordinary penance for 615; go- as dharma are authoritative 843. vadba as ao 865.

Usanas, author of work on Rājaśāstra Upaveda 49; Arthasāstra is an 10. -4, 1217, 208,221; smrti of 336–37,

843 ; four Upavedas mentioned as 447, 185, 501, 514, 580.

affiliated to the four Vedas 10, 843n. į Uṣasti Cakrāyana 164. Upayas (expedients of royal policy i Usury, (see under ‘money-lending’);

171-175; arc four, acc. to many

even witnesses to u. transactions writers 171 ; are seven, acc. to

were liable to be punished 422; con Kamandaka apd a few others 172 ;

demned as worse than brāhmana are to be employed not only in state; murder 418, 420n, 425n; not known craft, but also in ordinary life 173 ; ; to Indians, acc, to Megasthenes 418, danda out of the upāyas is to be Utpala, commentator of Bṣhatsamhita employed as a last resort 173; theory,

824, 2300, 407n, 897, 9060, 916, 917, of, elaborated long before Christian

y19n. era 172,

Uttara (defendant’s reply) 300. Upekśā (ap upāya) 172.

Uttarakānda (of Rāmāyana ) 243, Usages, about ritual varied cven in Utlaramallūra, inscriptions on the

Vedic times 877; authoritativeness qualifications of candidates for elec oj, laid down in smrtis, in relation tion to village committees 91, 156, to Vedic rites 841-42; each country: Uttarapat

! Uttarāpatha 135, has u, that are durācāras 849; esta blished in a country and not plainly immoral and not in direct conflict | Vābika, country of 88; Sakala, chief with Veda and smrtis were to be city of 889. recorded in writing under royal seal Vaidya, Mr. C. V. 898, 9010, 912. 270, 488, 862; family u. preforred to Vaijayapti, a lexicon 136, 1450, 383. sastra 875; general rule about autho- Vaijayanti, com, of Nandapandita on ritativeness of 865-866; governed Viṣṇudbarmasutra. 39, 1220, 142, disputes of inhabitants of same vil. 195, 205, 403, 4520, 453, 6260, 646. lage, city or country 283, 862 ; illus. .717, 727, 730-31, 777, 87,78.

S

t

.-

III )

General Index

1075

Vaikhāgasa-smārtasūtra 764n.

Varunapragbāsa, a Vedic rite, one of Vainya, the first king, who made a the Cāturmāsyas 534, 676n.

contract with people 31.

Vasavadattā, of Subandhu 53. Vairantya, a kiag killed by stratagem 85. Vasistha, special oath taken by 359.: Vaisarjana-homa 836n.

threw himself into the Vipasa river Vaisya-vamsa-sud hākara 252n.

845. Vajapeya, a sacrifice, may be perform. I Vasistha, smrti of 302n, 310, 342n.

846. ed by brāhmanas 65, 836n, sacrificial

Vasistba, dbamasutra of 3, 37, 56, 59, post in 75n, 92.

61, 97, 119, 137, 1600, 166, 190, Vajasaneya-sambitā, 67, 132, 162, 272, 194, 242, 245-6, 250, 273, 307, 317,

353, 519, 534, 541, 660, 744n, 887, 327, 332, 333, 343, 344n, 353, 355, 962, 964,

380, 390, 391, 401-2, 409, 417-18. Vajjians, eight clans of 90.

423, 443, 447, 454, 472, 504, 527, Vajraditya, a Kashmir king who sold

535, 564, 574, 595, 598-99, 608, inany people as slaves to mirorims 012n, 614-15, 617, 625, 6420, 644, 484.

0146, 647n, 650-51, 655, 657, 660, Vākātakao 39, 70; were allied by 663, 668, 076, 677n, 678a, 690n,

marriage to Bhārasivas 7an,

698, 700, 703n, 706, 753, 771, 775n, Vākpārusya (abuse and defamation) 803, 805-7, 825, 857,863, 866, 870n,

511-513.

872n, 874, $75, 881, 931, 938, 941, Vākyabheda, fault of 695.

944, 946-48, 950, 952, 954, 957, Vamāgama, (see under sāhta)

959, 963, 965. Vanaparva 5, 46, 49, 51, 53n, 101, 134, Vasisthadbarmasūtra, specially studied

161, 168, 172, 180, 207-8, 214, 634n, by kyvedins 853. 7700, 860, 889n, 890-92, 8961, 923- | Vasord hārā, a religious riic 234. 24, 960n.

Vāstusāstra 180.

Vāsudeva, minister of Devabbūti, Vānaprastha. stage of, forbidden in

killed his master 86. Kali 941,

| Vāsudeva, (see under Krṣṇa ); is said Varndarāja, author of Cirvānapaula.

to have drunk liquor prepared from manjari 819.

honey 965. Varadarāja, author of ‘yavabāra

Vasus, eight 368. nirṇaya, a work of authority on lindu

Vālāpi, perished when attacking Law in Madras 246, 545, 731.

Agastya through over-joy 53. Vārāhagrhya 754n.

Vatsa, was abused by his step-brother Varāhamihira, author of Br̥hatsamlitā,

as the son of a Sūdra woman 361, 231, 889, 897; and of Pancasid.

Vātsyāyana, author of bhāsya on dhāntikā 898, 907.

Nyāyasītra 46n. Vardhamina, author of Danıaviveka

Vāyupurāṇa, 10, 24, 42n, 53n, 65n, 191, 391n.

101, 146n, 170, 179, 642n, 675, Varṣas, nine, of Jambudvipa 134.

872n, 892, 8950, 896n, 897n, 899 Vārsyāyani 524.

900, 902 Vārtā, benefits from 50 ; constituents Vedānga Jyotisa–885, 922. 923-25,

of 50; importance of 51; works

934. on 140,

Vedāngas 49, 839. Vartika, on Pāṇini 38n, 126n, 140n, 1 Vedānta, philosophy propounds Purusa

1429, 1440, 190, 4991,

as the cause of the world 839.: * Varuna, as chastiser of kings 176; Vedāntasītra 46, 47n, 227; 443n, 6699,

praised as the lord of rāṣtras 132. 1 719,-7310,,870, 9640, 9680, : ;

1076

[Vol.

Vedas, acc. to Kautilya 48; angas of by a minister of State 141; should

48-49.

contain aot less than 100 families Veda-Vyāsa, smrti of 2720, 872. 963. and not more thao 500, 134. Vena, a king, was killed by brāhmaṇas Village Police Act (in Bombay Pre

for his irreligious conduct 26, 33; sidency) 282.

perished through lack of vinaya 52. | Villages, administration of, by means Vendor, (see under ‘purchaser’, ‘sale’); of a hierarchy of officers 141-42 :

dne for selling an article after con- groups of ten, 200, 400 v. had separate cealing defects or for selling to a appellations 140 ; in a kingdom were

third man what is already sold 491. divided into three grades by the Vesali, capital of Licchavis 90, 91; samāhartr 143; were named after

administrations of justice in, was trees 141n. complicated 268.

Vinayaka, propitiatory rite to 966. Veśyās, (see under ‘ganikā’); were Vipāsā, river in which Vasiṣtha threw

almost slaves 148.

himself 845. Vibhāga (partition), definition of 560- Viramitrodaya, (see V’yavabāraprakasa

561,

and Rājan itiprakāśa), 10, 445, 571, Victoria, proclamation of Queen 61n. 576, 671,731,735,759,782, 800, 879;

is of paramount authority in the Victory, joyous or confident state of ! Benares School of Hindu Law 544.

mind is the highest sign of 227. Virātaparva 59, 135, 160, 180, 203,888. Vidbivairūpya, meaning of 605.

Visālākṣa, expounder of Rajaśāstra 2, Vidbivaisamya, explained 704.

83, 232 ; summarised the work of Vidūratha, a king, killed by his Brahmā 4.

queen 85.

Viṣṇu, smrti of (not found in printed Vidyadhana, (see under ‘gains of learn.

text) 735. ing’) 581ff.

Viṣṇudharmasūtra, 3, 9, 170, 22, 37, Vidyas, control of sepses is the cause 56, 58-59, 61, 71, 118-1219, 126

of proficiency in 52; for a king 48- 133, 141-42, 146n, 166-67, 173, 176, 49; fourteen or eighteen in ancient

179, 185, 187, 190-92, 195-96, 242, times 843; produce discipline 245, 273, 275, 294, 305, 307, 311-12 (vinaya) 51.

314-15, 321, 330-32, 334, 336, 3400, Vigraba (hostility); sixteen ways in

343, 346-47, 352-53, 358, 360, 364 which v. springs 226.

66, 370-372n, 373-74, 389, 392, 394, Vijigisu, meaning of 218.

396-97, 400, 402-05, 409, 419, 421 Vijõānesvara, (see under Mitaksara )

23, 427-29, 431–433, 436-38, 440, 119, 393, 869, 927, 942.

442-45, 4490, 450, 452-53, 463, 472, Vikramorvasiya, a drama of Kālidāsa

479, 490, 498, 509, 511n, 512, 516. 305n.

522, 526-28, 534-35, 551, 554, 574, Village, assemblies carrying on local 378, 580, 587, 589n, 595, 598, 605,

administration in 155-156; craftsmen

608, 6100, 6138, 6140, 616-18, 620, were hereditarily attached to 156; 623, 625, 630, 639, 642, 644, 646,

communities were miniature States 655, 663, 6788, 6900, 700-702, 7100,

· 157 ; duty of elders of, to protect 714, 719, 721, 725, 734, 747, 749, and increase property of minors and 763-64, 767, 773, 7750, 7770, 787, temples 166: extent and revenue of 790, 804, 807n, 816, 857, 866, 869, 134. 154 ; headman of 153-154; 8770, 890, 922, 932, 943-44, 949, headman of, had certain summary 951-52, 953-54, 959, 963, 965.’ powers of punishmebt 282 ; officers Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa, 13, 24, 44, of a 154-155 ; officers of, supervised 54, 57, 59-60, 69, 72, 777, 79, 80,

III)

General Inder

1077

82, 105, 108, 118, 119n, 126-27, 1 4700, 472n, 473a, 476a, 480p, 4840, 130-31, 133, 141-42, 160-61, 167, 4850, 489, 492a, 4980-5040, 506n, 170, 172-73, 177, 184, 191, 192, 195, 508n, 5130, 5140, 516n, 521n, 5220. 215-17, 219, 2200, 223-24, 226-27, 523, 525n, 529n, 5310-533a, 536a, 230, 263, 924.

5389, 540n, 545, 553n, 5540, 566n, Viso ugupta, composed work on Danda- 568n, 572a, 574, 5750-5770, 580p,

niti in 6000 ślokas 7, 8.

5810, 583n, 586n, 587-5900, 5920, Visgupurāṇa, 10, 77a, 134, 137, 737a, 597, 598, 6070, 610n, 618n, 619A,

766, 8560, 857, 869, 892, 8950, 896, 6210, 6230-626n, 6310, 6320, 6340, 8970, 924-25.

635-36, 6370, 6420, 644, 646, 649n, Viṣṇuyasas, father of Kalkin, 924-25. 6510, 6520, 6560, 6600, 6640, 702, Visti, duties of 208.

707n, 714a, 716, 7210, 7340, 7360, Viśvamitra, adopted Sunaḥsepa, though 738n, 7470, 763, 770, 7710, 786n

he had already many sons 544, 661

7889, 7910, 948n. 63; officiated as priest for Tri- Vivādatāndava, 246, 547n, 530n, 556n,

sanku who had become a Candāla

593n, 643A, 659, 6640, 6920, 7290, 845.

770n. Viśvanātha, a logician, author of Mān. Vogel, Dr. 153.

satattvaviveka 946.

Vratakbanda of Hemādri 122n, Viśvarūpa, commentator of Yājñaval. | Vrddhātri 8720.

kyasmrti 9, 32, 470, 48, 137, 159n, Vrddha-Bșhaspati 614, 653n, 943. 160, 167, 263n, 299, 312, 322-23, 1 Vrddha-Gautama 432n, 676n, 683n, 340, 3879, 395n, 3989, 421n, 452n, 6840, 8631. 454, 505, 5270, 557, 579-80, 5820, Vrddha-Hārīta, 209, 242, 391, 396-97, 597, 6014, 6020, 6041, 606n, 616n, 400-402, 420, 442, 951. 6210, 629, 636, 860n, 865, 867n, 869, | Vrddba-Kātyzyana 3000, 493n,

874, 927, 932, 938, 942n, 956, 965. Vrddha-Manu 408, 477-79, 707. Vitastā, river was dammed by Suyya | Vyddha-Śatātapa 754,

Vṭddha-Vasistha 380. Vivāda, meaning of 246.

Vrddha-Viṣṇu 721n. Vivīdacandra of Misarumiśra 246, 288n, Vrddha-Yajñavalkya 675.

291n, 325, 3270, 344, 349, 356n, Vrṣnis, oligarchy of, perished by 358, 380, 4170, 4231, 4240, 434n, attacking Dvaipāyana 53 ; sangha 455n, 460, 473a, 474n, 490n, 545. 1 of, was presided over by Krsna 88; 573n, 605, 698n, 703n, 7080, 736n, suffered through gambling 55.

766-67, 771n, 7740, 779,785n, 790n. Vstra 65. Vivādaciotāmani, 4170, 4190, 420n, Vyāhrtis 76.

4260, 4470, 460, 474n, 476n, 4920, Vyāsa, expounder of Rajasāstra 4, 5100, 513a, 5220 523, 526n, 545, Vyasa, a kanina son 660: guve sight 618n, 6260, 634n, 651n, 698, 701, for a time to blind Dartarastra 847 : 7080, 712, 718n, 721, 763, 766, 7700, produced by niyoga two sons on the 7730-79, 782, 7840, 7850, 786,

wives of Vicitravirya 845-846. 787-88, 7910, 793, 8170 ; leading Vyasa, smrti of 260, 2720, 273, 278, authority in Mithilā 545, 795.

284, 304, 310-13, 318, 322, 332, 341, Vivādaratnakara, 121a, 1650, 177, 246, . 355, 358, 379-80, 395, 409, 421, 430,

281,316, 320, 393n, 4010, 404, 4130, 437, 462, 467a, 4910, 492, 496, 499, 4190, 4200, 4210, 4230, 426n, 4320, 510, 521-22, 524, 526,531, 554, 572, 438a, 440, 4420, 4450, 446, 4478, 5800, 582, 584, 3860, 606-07, 703, 4510, 4570-4600, 4620-4650, 487a- ! 737, 772, 778, 926, 961,970,

1078

( Vol.

Vyasadas, of king, arising from tāna | 5760, 5770, 5820-850, 5920, 5930,

bind, krodha 232-233; of the ele- 601, 606n, 6200, 6210, 6230, 625n, ments of rājya 232.

6280, 6310, 639n, 644, 651n, 653a, Vyavabāra, cigbt limbs of 262; four 6780, 683, 6850, 686, 7030, 707n,

feet of 259-60; four stages of, are 7130, 731, 733n, 736n, 7520, 755n, : plaint, reply. proof and decision

774n, 776, 7790, 7910, 800n, 8610, .: 260;- meanings of 245-247; several 8620, 882n. , matters predicated about 259*263 ; Vyavahārapadas, meaning of 248; , springs from tbree motives, kama, misjoinder of 299; number and

krodhu and lobha 262.

nomenclature of, differed 248; said Vyavahāra-balpataru 882n.

to be 18 from ancient times 248, V’yavabāramātrkā of limitavā hana, 1 250; subdivided into those arising

246, 25in, 258n, 268, 2710-273n, from wealth and those arising from 281, 284n, 2850, 297n, 3000-302n, injury 258; subdivisions of 262. 3050, 312, 321n, 323-24. 330-32, Vyavahāraprakāśa (part of Viramitro 347, 351n, 3580, 363n, 380a, 381, daya of Mitramiśra) 1560, 243n-44n, 409, 410n, 413n, 867n, 882n.

247n, 259n, 261-65n, 275, 278, 280, Vyavahārainayūkha of Nilakantha 247, 282n, 284, 288n, 291, 299n, 3010

287n, 294a, 309n, 310, 323, 340n, 3030, 304, 306, 308-10, 3130, 315, 3410, 346n, 358, 363, 368, 370, 373,

317, 318n, 322-23, 327n, 330-334, 389n, 393n, 3940, 4170, 419n, 423n, 337, 338n, 3400, 3440, 346n, 348n, .424, 426n, 4.280, 429n, 431n, 4330, 3500, 351, 352n, 3540-357, 358,

434n, 445n, 4620, 463n, 4670, 468n, 363 n. 364n, 3660, 367, 368, 371n, . 4730, 5130, 526, 5320, 545-46, 549a. | 372, 375, 379, 380n, 383, 3850, 5500, 551, 553n, 554n, 560, 562, 396, 417n. 4190, 432, 436n, 437, 5680, 569, 5750, 5821-584a, 586n, 4389-440n, 4430, 444-45n, 4470, 5930, 5950. 597, 599n, 601, 6070,

451, 452n, 455, 4560–58n, 609a-10n. 6188, 6210, 623, 626-27, 462, 463n, 464, 465n-468n, 470n, 6320, 636, 6470, 664, 6680-670n, 471n, 4730, 4740, 475, 4770-479n, 674-75, 678-680, 687-692n, 695-96, 482n-485n, 487, 488n, 489n-90, 706n, 709-10. 715n, 710n, 721-22, 4920, 498n, 499n, 502n, 505n, 506n, 725-26, 728-29, 731-32, 734, 738, 507, 509n, 513, 520n, 521, 522n, : 7470, 748, 761, 763, 7640, 766, 768- 525n-26n, 5290, 5310, 532, 536n

69, 772, 7740, 777n, 779, 782-7840, 370, 539, 546, 5480, 549, 550n, 552, 787-7910, 795, 797-980, 8000, 804n, 555n, 558n, 563n, 568-700, 572-750, 805, 809-11, 8170, 8610, 867n, 873, 578, 598, 602n, 603n, 604, 620, 878, 879, 936; a work of paramount 6210, 6230, 6250, 628n, 629n, authority on Hindu Law in Gujerat, 6310, 632n, 636-37. 639n, Bombay Island and Northern 652n, 701a, 706-708n, 712, 7130, Konkan 545, 878.

715n, 716, 720n-22, 725-27, 729n, Vyavahāranirṇaya of Varadarāja 12in, 7339, 734n, 7370, 747n, 755, 766,

246, 260, 277n. 287n, 300n, 3010, 768, 769n, 774n, 775, 777-790, 785n,

3080, 310, 313n, 318n, 3210, 3260, 788, 793, 800n, 804n. 809n, 858n, ,.327n, 3360, 338n, 3410, 342n, 348n, 861. .8629. 863, 8660, 8670, 869,

355n, 3580, 368, 369n, 379n, 382, 879n, 8820.

3910, 394A, 403n, 419n, 423, 428n, / Vyavahāraratnākara 246. 1:4300, 431, 441n, 4450, 468n, 469, Vyavahārasāra, 274, 278, 281n, 311, 474, 4878, 4920-494A, 495-96, 545, 3540, 379n, 383, 4410, 4590, 4830, 553, 5549, 566n; 569: 5718, 572a, 1 - 5600, 605, 6250, 6280, 7219, 7337.

!

JIIT

General Index

1079

Vyavabāratattva, 246, 2710, 276, 2880, | Whippingallowod in England even

293, 306, 317n, 323n, 325, 338, 340n, 1 now for certain offences 403n; as 366n, 367, 375, 8670.

punishment for certain olences 403

4 ; prescribed as punishment in some Wad, Rao Bahadur 106, 405.

cases for women, minors, slaves, War, (see under “battle’); country or lunatics, old men 404,

an enemy may be harassed in 210,

Whipping Act (Indian ) 4030. fighting ceased at sunset in 211 , high

Widow, can perform only the Ekod urleal of, in the Mahabharata 209 ; dista śrāddha for her husband 737 , non-combatants were not to be different views about the power of molested in 210; rules of, agreed adoption of a son by a 668-669 ; upon between Kauravas and Pandavas

effect of unchastity on rigiit to majo 209; use of poisoned or barbeit

tenance 806-808; Auctuations in cases arrows forbidden in 210, weapons about widow’s power of adoption jo used in ancient India in 212-215; a joint Hindu family in the Bombay wounded soldiers of enemy in

Presidency 670-674; forfeits property should be given medicine 210.

taken as heir of her husband if she Water, rules about allowing w, to run remarries 707, of predeceased son

on another’s land or house 507-508 ;

or predeceased grandson was allowed rules about defiling reservoir ot w.

by Viśvarīpa to take the share of her or river 509.

deceased husbaarl 604, of gotraja Watercourse, rules about 508, 510, 590. as heir 751-52, remarriage of, con Watters (oo Yuan Chwang’s travels) demned by most smrtis but allowed

3760, 407,

by custom in certain castes 453 : Ways, rights of, belonging to a joint right of w, of a person or of his pre

family cannot be divided at a parti- deceased son or graodson in modern tion 588n.

times 604 ; right of w, to succeed to Wealth, activity is the root of 169; all separated sonless husbaod, if chaste

w. is not meant for sacrifices 609; 706-707; right of w, is of a limited is acquired for two purposes, vie, dature 708-710; succeeding to hus worldly enjoyment and spiritual

band does not forfeit estate by sub benefit 736; men of, to be honoured sequent unchastity 707; succeeds as by king 189; rules about the acquisi- heir under Dāyabhāga, wbether bus tion of w. are puruṣārtha 550n , seven

band was joint or separate 708 ; sāstric sources of 550n.

taker os, had to pay her first hus. Weapons, divided into four classes by

band’s debts 453 ; was to be chaste, ancient writers 264-265; five kinds

perform sraddha of deceased husband of 215, worship of, before battle

and take all his wealth 738; whether 910-911,

unchaste w. can adopt 674 Weaviog, duties of superintendent of Wife, acc. to Vyasa, was entitled at

most to 2000 panas in the husband’s Weber 16.

Wealth 606; cannot hersell demand Weights and measures.duties of superio- partition but was cntitled to a strato

tendent of 145-146; punishment for When husband separated his sons or false 166 ; were first introduced by her sons claiın partition durink the Nandas 145n; were made from father’s life 605, could eard or own iron ar stones found in Magadha property, but had no indepondcot

country or Mekala mountain 146. powor of disposal during husband’s Wells, should not be partitioned but I life #52; debts of, to be paid by hès.

enjoyed in common 586, 588n, 596.1 band in the case of cowherds, hunters

1080

History of Dhar matastra

( Vol.

_..

.

_

and the like 452; busband must try to Witaesses, (see under ‘perjury’ ); at deserve regard and love of 537; hus- least three generally required 331; baad bad ownership over, acc. to brābmana w. following avocation of Nārada 453 ; maintenance of 803-4; tending cattle or engaged in trade or may be divided as to estate froin as mesials were to be treated as husband 450-51; meaning of dictum sūdras in matters of oath 344;

there is no partition between bus. compulsory attendance of 345; cross band and w.’ 603-604; not liable to examination of w. how far allowed pay busband’s debts 440-441, 452 ; 245; divided by Nārada isto kita of cowherd and of him who takes a and akrta 339; duty of party oppos lease of land for half produce liable ed to the party calling w. to point for debts of husband 441; of sacri- out latest defects rendering them ficer had to coofessia Varunapra

incompetent as w. 341; even persons ghāsa if she had a paramour 534-35; ! generally held to be incompetent as right of w.’ to succeed to ber deceas- w. may have to be examined in cer ed husband’s wealth was recognized

tain cases 337 ; evidence of w. teods after a long struggle 701; punishment !

to be false owing to friendship, fear, for abandoning blameless w. 804 ;

greed, aoger, igaorance 334; exa treatment of w. guilty of adultery

mination of, not to be delayad by 806; was said to be half of the bus. ! • king or judge 331; exceptions to hand 453.

rule tbat w. were to be examined in Wilkinson, author of ‘Manners and

· open court 346; exhortations ad customs of ancient Egyptians’ 4250,

dressed by the judge to 342-344; Will; Bșhaspati is agaiøst passing of

faults in w. cannot be pointed out at property by 474, 817; germs of the

a late stage 341; fined for not coming idea of 474, 816-817; of Umichand

to depose 345; five classes of incom 818; political w. of Lalitāditya 817;

petent 338-339; five kinds of krta upknown to ancient Hindu Law 816;

339; how much bas to be proved by Wills, on ‘circumstantial evidence

party calling w. 347-348; if serious 356n, 3570.

calamity befell w. after deposing in Window, opening of w. so as to com

a cause they were fined and made to mand view of the interior of another’s i

pay debt claimed 352; indicatory house not allowed 507.

acts and appearances of w, deposing Wine, none to be allowed to drink

falsely 346; in disputes among during day time acc, to Sukra 148:

groups, guilds &c. 333; minimum how far forbidden ip Kali 964-965.

required to attest documents 312;

i Winteroitz. Dr, 122n, 4050.

oumber of w, Decessary in a dispute

331-332; Oaths administered to Witchcraft, 405-406; punished in

343-44; parties as 345; patent England up to beginning of 18th

defects in, to be considered by court century 405; punishment for acc. to

at time of giving decision 341; Maou and Bșhaspati 406.

persons incompetent to be w. 334 Witness, even one may be sufficient in

336; qualifications of 332-333 ; certain cases 331-332; evidence of,

quality preferred to number of 347; must be direct and not bearsay,

rules in case of confict among 347; 330; king cannot be cited ms 336 ;

sbould be produced for examination litigaots were not to approach sec.

by parties or summoned by court

· retly a w. 349; Maou prefers a single

345; should ordinarily be of the male w, to women of good character

samo caste as the parties 333; should 337; who is a 330.

take off their shoes and touch cow

IIII

General Index

1081

dung, gold or darbha grass before 1 specially mentioned and except in deposing 342; six kinds of akṣta Bombay and Madras 713, 746, 748 ; 340; strict examination of character not entitled to dispose of property of w. should be entered upon only is independently of their husbands 771; civil disputes 336-37; subsistence of even good family come to ruin by allowance for w. 345; swearing and independence 536; only four kinds exhortation of w. differed acc. to of adulterous w, to be abandoned caste 343-44; taking down the depo- 948 ; rules about personal appearance sitions of 344 ; to be examined in of w. in courts 287; samskāras of, presence of parties 342-343; twelve

except marriage, not to be performed kinds of, mentioned by Bṛhaspati with Vedic mantras 712 ; treatment 340; were allowed to depose falsely of women raped or kidnapped 956-57; by Dharmasāstra works if speaking work provided at home by superia the truth would lead to death sen- tendent of weaving for w. that did get tence for accused 353; were to out or were crippled or unmarried 146 depose in the presence of fire, water Work, two kinds of, stubha and asubha jar and brāhmanas 342; women as 482 ; what is impure w. 482, 333–34, 337; women not wholly dis

Writing, referred to even in the most qualified as w. 338.

ancient dharmasūtras 307; when Woman, abandonment of, as punish- introduced in ancient India 306-308;

ment when she conceived from inter

wooden boards used for writing course with a man of lower caste 402; ephemeral matters 308. person buying or selling a brāhmana woman as a slave was punished by Yacitaka, rules of Katyāyana about king and the transaction was set interest beginning to run on 426 ; aside 485; pregnant, not to be | rules of Kautilya about 459. sentenced to death 402 ; sight of, in Yādavaprakāśa, author of lexicon called a dream, an auspicious sigo 226; Vaijayanti 136. when abandoned for uochastity 806- Yadu, disobeyed his father Yayāti and 807 ; who was not a slave became a lost the kingdom 42.

slave by marrying a slave 485. Yājāavalkya, smṛti of, 6-7, 9-10, 17n, Women, assimilated to sūdras in respect 22, 26, 32, 37-8, 43-4, 48, 56-7,

of study of Veda, homa &c. 687; 59-60, 62, 71, 95-97, 101, 107–110, cannot be completely guarded by be- 118-1210, 123, 124, 126, -128–29, ing merely secluded 537; even patita 132, 140n, 142, 146n, 158, 160-61, . w. that had not performed prāyas- 166-171, $73n, 175-76,178, 184, 193, citta were to be given bare mainten- 195, 199, 209, 211, 216-17, 228, 238, ance 615, have authority to perform 242, 245-48, 250-51, 257, 259, 260n, purta dharma, i, e, works of charity 263n, 268, 270-71, 273, 275, 277. sucb as building nf wells, temples, 280, 284, 291-92, 294.97, 300, 302 parks 610; lesser punishment for 310, 312-313, 314-15, 317, 319-21, 533 ; must be guarded against im- 324-25, 327-28, 331-34, 336, 3380, proper attachments 536; not held 340n, 342-3487, 350-53, 356, 358, entitled to a share, but only to 360, 362-65, 367–68, 370-74, 376n, maintenance acc, to certain writers 380-83, 385, 387-89, 391-92, 394 that rely on Baudhāyana 606, 712 ; 398n, 400-405, 408, 412-13, 419-422, not to be arrested and jailed in certain 425, 427-29, 431, 433.438, 440-443n, cases 384-85 ; not entitled to inherit 445, 448n-452, 454, 457-58, 463-64, in the whole of India except five w / 466-67, 470-72, 476–479, 481-84,

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486, 488-92, 494n, 496-501, 504-05, | Yautaka, a kind of stridbana 778-779. 507, 509-516, 520-22, 524, 5258, | Yavana, king ruled for a long time be. 527-29, 531, 533-35, 538-540, 545, cause be observed dictates of dharına 549n, 5510, 553, 554n-557, 563, 566- 97, 567, 569, 573-577, 579, 582, 584, Yavanas, dwelt to the east of Bharata 586-87, 590, 592, 5938, 595-99, 601, 1 varsa 67; said to have sprung from 603, 605, 609-617, 619, 621-23, 628, Turvasu, son of Yayāti 937. 630, 632, 635, 637, 640-41, 644-46, Yayāti, passed over his eldest son 649, 651-54, 657-58, 660, 663, 666, Yadu and made bis youngest son 6700, 675, 677-78, 686, 690n, 700- Pūru his successor 42, 44. 702, 708, 714-15, 719, 722, 725-26, Yogaksema, meaning of 588-589, 732, 735, 737n, 742-43, 749, 7540, Yogloka, a writer 348n, 759-60, 764-65, 767, 773, 775n, 779. Yojana, measure of distance varied in 81, 785-87, 792-94, 801, 803-807, different countries 145n. 809, 810n, 812, 814, 823, 825n-27, Yuddhakānda 77, 116, 200, 209, 214. 831, 837,8570, 8580, 860, 863, 865, 1 Yudhisthira, prevaricated to bring 866, 8670, 868, 869, 871, 874 878, about death of his teacher Drona 881-83, 931-34, 938-39, 941, 943, 845; vow of, not to refuse dice play 946-48. 950-52, 954, 958-59, 963, when challenged 542. 965, 970.

Yugapurana, part of Gargasamibitā Yama, smrti of, 527n, 533-34, 644, ! 892, 897,

6520, 707n, 792.

Yugas, description of the nature and Yasaskara, a kiog, personally heard

dharmas of four 891-92; dharma causes of people 270-71 ; punished a declined progressively in the 244, i brāhmana criminal with mark of dog’s 885-886; dharmas of different y,

foot on the forehead 403 · was elect- differ 869, 891; four well-known y. ed king of Kashmir 31.

not found in Rgveda 886; meaning Yasastilaka 27, 84, 86, 111n, 113, 128n, of 886-889; smrtis predominant in

202, 2030, 859n.

several y. 869, 885; theory of 885. Vāska (see under ‘Nirukta ‘), 104, 658, 891,

776n.

Yuktikalpataru 13, 229, 230. Yasodharman Viṣṇuyasas 925n,

Yuvarāja; bad y, to be kept confined Vati; sūdra as 765; who could be a 117; eldest son or younger brother

765; whether he could beg for food of a reigning king became 116 ; from all varṇas 957; rule abont his emoluments of 117; entrusting abode for the night 959-60.

powers to 117; not generally Yatidharmasangraha 929n, 9600.

enumerated in the lists of mantrins Yaudbeyas, republic of 89; were up- 116; often sent as a Governor of a

rooted by Rudradaman 89.

province of the realm 116.