- Sumantu For a Dharmasūtra of Sumantu vide Madras Tri. Cat. of Sanskrit M88. (1919-22 ) pp. 5160-62.
From Viśvarūpa, Haradatta and Aparārka it follows that Sumantu composed a sūtra work on dharma, particularly on ācāra and prāyaścitta. Viśvarūpa quotes prose passages from Sumantu on upapātakas, 390 on prāyaścitta for Brāh mana-murder ( on Yāj. III. 237), for drinking wine ( on Yāj. III. 250 ), for theft of gold (on Yaj. III. 252 ), for incest (on Yāj. III. 253-54 ), for killing a cow and about atatayin (on Yāj. III. 261 ). In one quotation from Sumantu cited by Viśvarūpa the views of ācāryas and of Angirasa are men tioned. 187 The prīyaścittas for Brāhmana-murder and for killing a cow contained in Viśvarūpa occur in Haradatta (on Gaut. 22. 13 and 18). Most of the qnotations cited by Viśva rūpa occur in Aparārka also. The Hāralatā (p. 68 ) quotes sūtras of Sumantu on āśauca. One well-known sutra of Suma ntu is ’no prāyaścitta (or blame ) is incurred by killing an
295 gaca227 gabonoraraan HIPHES a gantaadi 298 एवं सुमन्तुः ‘नीरजतगोस्तैन्यं गोश्च गमनं नाशकं भूम्यनृतं क्षत्रियवैश्यगोध्नता
परिवित्तितावकीर्णिता प्रतिरूपकवृत्तिश्चेत्युपपातकानि’ इति । विश्वरूप on याज्ञ
III. 229-236. 997 न ब्राह्मणस्य पतनमिच्छन्त्याचार्याः किल्बिध्युग्गतः पातव्य इत्याशिवाः
sa i 4 on 973. IIL 287.
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- Sumantu
297
atatāyin, except cows and brāhmaṇas ‘. 398 A parārka quotes sūtras from Sumantu condemping marriage with maternal uncle’s or paternal aunt’s daughter and recommending the abandonment of a young wife in certain circumstances.200 In the Sarasvativilāsa a prose passage of Sumantu is cited on the seven constituents of rājya 300
Paithinasi includes Sumantu among the thirty-six sages, expounders of Dharmaśāstra. Kalpataru (Br. K. p. 22) enumerates the means of settling (doubts on) points of Dharma viz. Veda, Vedānga, Itibāsa-purāṇa, Tarka, Mimaṁsā and Dharma-istras and also the practices of families, gana, country, caste and varṇa, and also the usages of heretical sects, of the āśramas and of those learned in the Vedas. On p. 76 of the Br. kānda Sumantu provides that all Brālmanas, Ksatriyas and Vaisyas have to undergo the surixkārıls from Garbhādhana to Vivāha and Yajñas. The Vratakānda ( Kal pao) quotes froin Sunautu numerous verses on Kșirapratipad Vrata (pp. 36-38 ) and on Aśūnyasayana-vrata (pp. 41-44). It is possible that some of the verses ascribed to Sumantu in these cases are the compositions of some Sumantu other than the author of the prose sutras. e. y. the verse ‘a householder that does not offer sraddha, when the sun is in Virgo, how can he have wealth and sons’ &c. (q. by Aparārka on Yāj. L. 217 p. 424). Kalpataru (on sraddha) pp. 90-91 quotes a long prose passage from Sumantu on persons that are (pārktcya (not fit to dine in the same row with others invited at Srād dha ). Aparārka quotes numerous prose passages of Suma ntu on prāyascitta. A much discussed dictum of Sumantu
298 Farget on JT. III. 262 quotes it as ‘arganerat yar2494-27
गोब्राह्मणेभ्यः, while the मिता. on याज्ञ. II. 21 quotes it as ‘नात aipat antar atur’; the fulaust of sifaraoist
( I. O. ms. No. 1736 ) has ’ 3 Cartayatasan TTSTELUT2Z: ‘. 299 मातुलसुतां पैतृष्वसेयीं समानार्षगोत्रां च परिणीय चान्द्रायणं चरत परित्यज्यना
far I STRIX on 19. 1. 53 ; faalfaarfa FASTEST व्याध्युग्हता परिणीता यद्यक्षतयोनिः स्यात्परित्यक्तव्या’ अपरार्क on याज्ञ.
I. 68, 300 347: aga aferr #afruftcard #-: PATCHAT HET
अमात्यान् संमानेन । वर्णान् रञ्जनेन · जनान् वर्णधर्मरञ्जनेन । दुर्ग धनधान्यात
The partylagania i qug wuif I TOT ‘attato p. 46. I. D.–38
Bhandar Resear
298
(q. by Mit. on Yīj. II. 21 and by Aparārka on p. 1043 on Yāj. III. 227 ) is there is no blame ( or sin ) in killing an atrıtayin, except in the case of a cow or a brāhmana that is āta tāyin ). For a discussion of this dictum vide H. of Dh. Vol. II. pp. 148 151 and III. pp. 517-18, and the paper “Ātatāyivadha’ by Prof. Rangasvami Aiyangar in C. K. Raja presentation vol. pp. 197-232. The Mit. quotes several prose passages of Suma ntu on Yāj. II. 21, III. 6, 37, 250, 258, 260.
These quotations from Viśvarūpa and others establish that a prose work on dharma by Sumantu existed early enough. It appears, however, that the work was not a very ancient one. Neither Yājūavalkya nor Parāśara mentions Sumantu among the propounders of ilharma. On the other hand the name of Sumantu is an ancient one. In the Bhaga vatapurāṇa (XII. 6. 75 and 7.1) Sumantu is said to have been a pupil of Jaimini and a promulgator of the Atharvaveda. Vide Sintiparva 341. 19 for Sumantu and other pupils of Vyāsa and Sabhā 4. 11. In the daily turpuṇķu the name of Sumantu occurs along with Jaimini, Vaiśampāyana, Paila.
Numerous verses on dharma are also cited from Sumantu by Aparārka, the Smṛticandrikā and other works. This may probably be a different work from the sūtra work of Sumantu. In one verse of Sumantu ( Aparārka on Yāj. I. 223 ) occur the words. Saikhasya vacanam yathā’ and in another (Aparārka on Yaj. I. 217–218 ) the Kanyā sign of the zodiac is refer red to.
It is remarkable that the Mit. and Aparārka contain po verses of Sumantu on vyavalāra. The Sarasvati-vilāsa is rich in quotations from Sumuntu on vyavahāra. A compro mise, exchange or partition, if lair, could be annulled up to the tenth day, but if unfair up to the 9th year ( vide note 293 above). ‘If even as much as a mixit went from the buyer to the seller, that would support the sale of the land (sold just as a small dose of poison permeates the whole boily and when no purchase-money is paid or only a portion is paid, then the purchase is called avukrıty6 and is liable to be set aside if the price is not paid in (good time)’.801 Sumantu prescribes a
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301 माषमात्रमपि द्रव्यं केतुर्विकेतरि स्थितम् । व्याप्नोति सकलां भूमि कायमल
वि यथा ॥ अर्थ दत्तमहत्तं तु क्रयमाहुरवायम् अवझयो निवर्ते। यदि काले a staa llerato p. 321.
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