Old norse

Modern icelandic grammar is pretty close to old norse, but pronunciation has drifted.

Stress is on the first syllable.

  • a अ
  • ǫ (संवृत्त-अकारः) á आकारः संवृत्तः (vs Modern icelandic ow)
  • æ (as in “mad” german ä)
  • i इ í ई
  • e ऎ é ए
  • u उ ú ऊ (german ü)
  • y यु ý यू
  • o ऒ ó ओ
  • ø ऍ (Arnold Schwarzenegger saying bird, german ö), long ǿ = œ
  • ei as in rain
  • ey = øy as in gluey
  • au औ

Consonants

  • þ = थ्, ð = ध्
  • z = त्स् (as in german)
  • f (in word beginning or doubled) = फ़्. elsewhere व्
  • j is य्
  • hj as in hue
  • g (in the beginning of the word, or with another consonant) = ग्, else ग़् (as in spanish Aragon)