Ranade, Mahadev Govind

(1842–1901) Lawyer, judge, and one of
the great Hindu social reformers of
nineteenth-century India. Along with
his younger contemporary, Gopal
Krishna Gokhale, Ranade was marked
by his commitment to reform Hindu life
by seeking the cooperation of the British
government and by working within
established institutions. Ranade was
among the first generation of Indians to
be educated in British schools and, after
earning his degree at Bombay
University, chose a career in law. In thirty
years as a judge Ranade worked diligently to reform certain religious practices that were deemed social abuses,
particularly issues concerning child
marriage and widow remarriage. He was
also a founding member of the
Prarthana Samaj, a Hindu reformist
organization that sought to attain similar goals. In addition to his interests in
law, Ranade applied himself to the study
of economics, to provide practical guidance for economic development.