Nirvikalpaka

In certain schools of Indian
philosophy—among them certain
Buddhists, the Nyayas, and the
Prabhakara school of Mimamsa—
nirvikalpaka is the name for a sort of
simple non-conceptual awareness, produced solely by the operation of the
senses. According to these schools, if the
senses producing this awareness have
no defect, such an awareness is believed
to be true. However, it can be confused
or misinterpreted through the action of
the mind. This belief had important
ramifications for theories of error,
which seek to explain how erroneous
judgments are possible. The schools that
believed in this theory attributed error
to the action of the mind.