(“middle state”) Modern Indian state
located in the geographical center of the
subcontinent. Madhya Pradesh was
formed after Indian independence in
1947 from the former Central Provinces,
Berar State, and several princely states.
Large parts of the state are inaccessible
and relatively undeveloped, particularly
in the Vindhya Mountain and Satpura
ranges. Madhya Pradesh also has a large
percentage of adivasis (indigenous tribal people), many of whom are very poor.
Madhya Pradesh contains many important archaeological sites, including the
Chandella temples at Khajuraho and
the caves at Udayagiri. Sacred sites
(tirthas) include the Narmada River,
one of the seven sacred rivers of India,
and the holy city of Ujjain. For general
information about Madhya Pradesh and
other regions of India, see Christine
Nivin et al., India. 8th ed., Lonely
Planet, 1998.
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Madhusudana Saraswati